When not one floor is planned in a residential building, but two or three, it is imperative to think over the design that will lead to the upper tiers. A drawing of a metal staircase, created on the basis of measurements, will help facilitate the work and make the arrangement process accessible.

Schemes and drawings of metal stairs

The design of the metal staircase has all the necessary safety and durability parameters. That is why they often rely on this type of product. The metal is practically not subject to corrosion, advantageously emphasizes the style of the room and brings rigor and elegance to the design. Looking at the wide variety of metal stairs offered, one can understand that even a person who does not have experience in such incarnations can make them with his own hands.


Dimensional drawing of a metal staircase

The most important thing is to choose a design that will be feasible to draw, prepare and install in the space of the room or outside it.

Advantages


Flaws

  1. One of the disadvantages can be called the bulkiness of gangways and railings. But thanks to the skills of modern developers, you can easily choose a scheme that will best match the load for a particular room.
  2. Some curves and decorative elements are difficult to bring to life without special skills.

Based on the priorities and disadvantages of the material and design in general, one can bet in favor or against such a decision.

Metal staircase on stringers

It is much easier to make a drawing of a metal staircase if the structure is equipped with stringers. This is due to the fact that you need to calculate the distance for each step and prepare the material, which will subsequently be fixed to the base. Stringers are the base (base) in the form of a future staircase.

It can be made from different materials and be fixed as required by the room. Of course, measurements are still required to purchase suitable stringers.

After all, the design must fit the parameters of the space allocated for the stairs. A ladder on metal stringers will help even inexperienced craftsmen to complete the installation task.

The main thing - correctly with a mark of the place where the gangway will be located. And also have at hand the tools and materials necessary to implement this idea in your own home.

Advantages


Design option for a metal staircase

Due to the fact that gangways equipped with stringers have earned their calling, the positive aspects of such a solution are obvious:

  • This makes the work process easier;
  • Allows you to easily organize the order of actions;
  • Such structures are strong and durable;
  • Thanks to the stringers, even an inexperienced specialist or just the owner of the house will be able to realize his plans and make it a reality;
  • This element allows you to devote more time to details and design experiments that will decorate.

These are far from all the positive aspects of the stairs on the stringers; each owner of a private house finds his own independent advantages.

Flaws

It is necessary to correctly determine the size of the base for the steps so that the design fits clearly into the interior. It is easy to make such calculations. Simply measure the height, angle and width of the desired installation.

How to draw a metal staircase drawing

Making a drawing of a metal staircase with your own hands is quite simple. To do this, you need to measure the space in which the steps leading to the second floor will be located.

Required materials for measurement

In order to carry out the measurement of space, the following accessories should be at hand:

  • Roulette with maximum length;
  • Surface level gauge;
  • Chalk or a special felt-tip pen with which you can make the necessary marks on the wall, floor and ceiling.


This is the minimum set of accessories that will help you quickly and efficiently carry out the measurement process.

Required materials for the drawing

To make the scheme as accurate and correct as possible, you should also prepare a number of stationery items. Namely:

  • Sharpened pencil or black marker with a thin rod;
  • A sheet of paper or whatman paper;
  • Ruler;
  • Compass.

The diagram should be drawn carefully and accurately so that during the direct installation process, errors that are difficult to correct are not made.

What parameters need to be measured

In order not to miscalculate and correctly make a drawing with your own hands, you will need to make the following measurements:


After taking measurements, you can transfer the recorded parameters to a sheet of paper, forming a diagram of future gangways.

What nuances must be taken into account in the process

When carrying out measurements, be sure to pay special attention to the following factors:


What are metal stairs

It happens differently, but each of them is worthy and we often choose. The designs of metal stairs are:

screw Such gangways will help to save a maximum of usable space in the room. The steps will favorably emphasize the sophistication of the design and add a spark to the overall picture of the interior space. The only thing that can stop is the complexity of the independent implementation of the drawing.
Without special skills, a person cannot cope with the measurements necessary for such a complex structure. As well as the direct process of installing ladder structures requires some skill and skill.
Knowing all the features of a spiral staircase, a person will be able to realize the idea of ​​​​installing such a design with a gangway. After the implementation of the plan, the interior will immediately sparkle with new colors.
marching This option is most often used to implement the idea of ​​​​installing ladder structures. For such an array, it is easy to draw a diagram even for those who have never encountered such a task before.
Marching stairs are straight, leading to the second floor or with turns (this helps to save space). It is very simple to measure the parameters required for the drawing of any of these types of gangways. It is enough to have at hand the necessary tools and fixtures.
Direct installation of the structure is also elementary. You just need to follow the step-by-step actions that you can read about in any thematic literature.
hinged There are structures leading to the second floor, holding on to the wall. Supports are not installed under such structures. The main load-bearing and load-bearing structure is the wall.
Therefore, before proceeding with the action, you should make sure that the walls are strong and ready to withstand such a high load. If so, then you can safely equip a hinged metal staircase.
Such a staircase will help save space, make the style of the room exquisite.

To weld a metal staircase to the second floor means to get an almost eternal and at the same time the most durable and aesthetic design. You can try to make it yourself if you wish. There are several varieties of such stairs. Some of them are easy to make, others require some skill to weld. Of course, for the manufacture of such a design will require special equipment.

Open and closed structures

It can be both closed and open. In the first case, the entire structure is subsequently covered with a finishing material. That is, the staircase is sheathed with drywall and wood. For the manufacture of such a frame, it is allowed to use not too attractive-looking cheap channels and a corner.

In order to make an open-type frame, you will need to purchase enameled metal. All welding work is carried out with the utmost care. Indeed, on the open frame, which in this case becomes part of the interior, no seams should be visible. But such metal stairs look (the photo is presented below) just great.

Marching stairs

The flight ladder is considered the most convenient option in operation. Everyone is familiar with this design. It is these stairs that are installed in the entrances of high-rise buildings. Of course, such a design can also be made of metal. There are only three main types of mid-flight stairs: on bowstrings, on stringers and on supports.

Stairs on bowstrings

A characteristic feature of the stairs on bowstrings is that the steps from the side are not visible in them. The manufacture of metal stairs of this variety is a simple process. In this case, the supports under the steps are simply attached to the inside of the main beams.

Stairs on stringers

In the manufacture of stairs on stringers to pre-installed channels (serving as support beams), the corners under the steps are welded from above. This results in a very robust design. It is possible to weld a metal staircase to the second floor both on two stringers and on one. In the latter case, there is only one channel support beam, and it is installed in the middle. This design looks very light and elegant and usually does not require risers.

Staircase on supports

A metal staircase to the second floor of this variety in residential buildings is not used very often. The fact is that a lot of metal is needed to make it. The risers and steps of such a staircase are attached to horizontal supports starting from the floor itself.

Spiral stairs

Spiral staircases are most often used where the dimensions of the room do not allow the installation of a marching structure. They look very interesting, but in operation they are not very convenient and less safe. In this case, the entire structure is built around one supporting horizontal pipe.

Making stairs on bowstrings

So, how to make a metal staircase to the second floor? First of all, you need to prepare the source material. To make a structure on bowstrings, you will need:

  1. Channel section 150x200 mm with a wall thickness of 8 mm.
  2. 45x45 mm.
  3. Welding machine.
  4. Electrodes.
  5. Grinding welding discs.
  6. Primer for metal.

Channels are attached to the bearing concrete beam from above and to the slab from below parallel to each other. It is considered optimal at 20-45 degrees. When installing channels, this must be taken into account.

Further, segments under the steps should be welded to the inner sides of the resulting supports. In this case, be sure to use the level. It is also important to remember that the step height should not be more than 18 cm. The optimal width is 30 cm. If this condition is met, you will get a very comfortable metal staircase. It will not be too difficult to build such a structure with your own hands.

Making stairs on kosoura

For the manufacture of stairs on stringers, you will need the same material as for the construction on bowstrings. In this case, the channel carriers are also pre-installed. Next, you will need to make supports for the steps. They are made from a corner that must be bent at an angle of ninety degrees. The resulting kerchief supports are welded to the channels from above or from the inside, carefully monitoring their horizontalness. The result is a very reliable metal staircase. Doing such a design with your own hands is somewhat more difficult than the option on bowstrings.

There is also another way to install supports under the steps. In this case, racks are welded on top of the channel, the height of which is equal to. During installation, they use a level, achieving strict verticality of the elements. Separately, a frame under the steps is welded from the corner. The resulting quadrangular frames are welded to the posts on one side, and to the channels on the other.

If one of the channels is adjacent to the wall, it makes sense to additionally attach it to it with anchors. After the frame is fully welded, all its elements must be primed and painted with two layers of paint.

What are steps made of?

Metal steps for stairs must be made of a material with a thickness of at least 3 mm. It is best if their surface is corrugated. You can also cover such steps from above with anti-slip material. For their fastening to the supports, metal screws are used, which must be screwed from below.

Metal steps are rarely used in residential premises. After all, the material is quite cold. And walking on it, say, barefoot will not be too pleasant. Therefore, most often in houses a metal staircase with wooden steps is installed. The tree is attached to the frame in this case also using self-tapping screws.

How to make handrails

A fence for a metal staircase can be made using reinforcing bars, tubes or rolled metal. Handrails can be attached to the supporting channel in three ways: by bolts, by welding or as a whole structure. For railings, you can take pipes with a diameter of 35-80 mm. They are welded to the upper ends of the pre-fixed racks. In order for the surface of the railing to be pleasant to the touch, they can be covered with a plastic pipe, having previously cut it along.

How to arrange a finished staircase

After the frame is welded and the steps and handrails are installed, you can proceed to the final design of the stairs. When welding structural elements, the seams should be located inside. In this case, they will not interfere with the finishing sheathing. The stairs are usually trimmed with wood or drywall. When choosing a material, they are guided primarily by the general style decision of the interior.

The material is cut in accordance with the design features of the stairs. The sheathing is fastened to self-tapping screws or screws in such a way that there are no gaps at the joints.

Do-it-yourself metal staircase is made without any special difficulties. But only if you have basic welding skills. Inept actions can lead to damage to the frame. As a result, you will have to redo all the work again, or the stairs will turn out to be unsafe in operation. In the event that you are not confident in your abilities, it still makes sense to spend money by contacting specialists.

If you are planning to build a two-story private house or a country cottage, then at a certain point in the construction you will need to take care of the construction of a staircase to the second floor. Not everyone can make a staircase with their own hands - for this you need to have certain carpentry skills, and some experience, as well as enough free time. Wouldn't it be better to take advantage of an advantageous and.. offer from our professional company in Moscow. We offer stairs for every taste, color, style and economic opportunity of our customers. And with the current price list and with 100 magnificent photos of designs you can find in the presented article.

100 photos of the most beautiful stairs for every taste

Before proceeding to get acquainted with the incredible variety of ladder systems from a domestic manufacturer in Moscow, let's get acquainted with the theory - and what kind of ladders exist in nature.

Types of ladder systems depending on the design

So, stair structures to the second floor are divided into the following types:

screw

Spectacular and compact products, complex in manufacturing method, but with a magnificent view. Their main advantage is their small size, which makes it possible to place the structure even in a very small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room.


 Photo 1.

marching

This type of ladder structures is the most common and in demand. This is explained by the simplicity of the circuit, reliability, conciseness and relatively low cost.


 Photo 2.

Combined

This type of stairs is a great way out for those who wish to combine the advantages of the two types listed above - compactness from a screw design and practicality from a marching system.


 Photo 3.

Types of stair structures depending on the material

Today, modern manufacturers offer consumers an incredible number of all kinds of ladder systems from materials such as:

  • Tree of various breeds;

 Photo 4. The cost of wooden stairs is also very different, it all depends on the value of the wood. For example, an oak product with handmade railings will cost much more than a beech or spruce staircase.
  • Marble and other natural mineral;

 Photo 5.
  • Ultralight metal alloys;

 Photo 6.
  • Forged construction;

 Photo 7. Forged stairs are grandiose and magnificent. The high cost of such work is more than compensated by the incredibly spectacular appearance of the product.
  • Concrete system;

 Photo 8.
  • Combined designs that include several materials at once in one product - wood, metal, stone.

 Photo 9. Stair structures that combine several types of manufacturing materials at once are a real work of art that can transform your home beyond recognition

Our specialized enterprise in Moscow offers its customers modern, safe and beautiful staircase designs for every taste. In the assortment of the company you will find a huge number of ready-made products, and you can also order a staircase according to an exclusive original project.


 Photo 10. Spectacular and high-quality products from the company "Profi Stairs" will perfectly fit into both modern and classic interiors.

Huge selection of inexpensive stairs in Moscow

In a huge and diverse catalog of our company, ready-made stairs are presented at attractive and competitive prices, classified in the following areas:

  • modular designs;

 Photo 11. The modular system will perfectly fit into any modern interior.
  • wooden crafts;

 Photo 12. Wooden stairs - stylish, reliable and environmentally friendly
  • stairs for cottages;

 Photo 13. Stairs for cottages will certainly decorate the interior of your home
  • structures of the second floor;

 Photo 14.
  • products to order;

 Photo 15. Order a ladder from us and you will transform your home beyond recognition
  • spiral staircases;

 Photo 16.
  • products with forged elements

 Photo 17. Stairs decorated with forging are always in trend
  • metal structures and other types.

 Photo 18. Metal stairs are suitable for a stylish country house

Staircase designs for every taste


 Photo 19.
Photo 20.
Photo 21.
Photo 22.
Photo 23. Photo 24.
Photo 25.
Photo 26.
Photo 27. What kind of stairs do not exist in nature - order an exclusive design for yourself
Photo 28. The staircase will create coziness and emphasize the style of your home.
Photo 29. Wood is the most versatile stair material.
Photo 30.
Photo 31.
Photo 32. Straight staircase in the style of "minimalism"
Photo 33.
Photo 34. Design construction of the second floor
Photo 35. Cozy wooden staircase for a country house
Photo 36.
Photo 37.
Photo 38.
Photo 39.
Photo 40. One of the incredible designs
Photo 41. Classic is always in fashion Photo 42. Photo 43. Photo 44. Forged products - grandiose and magnificent
Photo 45. Photo 46. Photo 47. Photo 48. Photo 49.
Photo 50. The price of a ladder product depends on many factors - the complexity of the design, the cost of the material, the exclusivity of the design
Photo 51. Ladder with wide steps and a slight bend is absolutely safe to use
Photo 52. Thanks to forged elements, the design looks light and airy.
Photo 53.

Price list for stairs from a company in Moscow

Let us consider in more detail with the indication of prices for each of the types of stairs presented by our company, indicating their current price.

Modular stairs


 Photo 54. Modular staircase "Duet" with steps made of natural oak
Photo 55. Construction "Duet" with steps made of beech - an economical and effective product for your interior

Modular stairs series "Elegant" - a great solution for a stylish interior at affordable prices, presented below:


 Photo 56.56 335 rub.
Photo 57.50 390 rub.
Photo 58.51 321 rub.
Photo 59.44 290 rub.
Photo 60."Prestige" with a turn of 180 degrees - price 47 160 rub.
Photo 61. Direct "Prestige" - 42 748 rub.
Photo 62."Solo" of a direct design - a stylish and effective product at a reasonable price 70 858 rub.
Photo 63.78 498 rub.
Photo 64. 180 degree reversible design "Modern" - exclusive and fashionable design at an affordable price 125 262 rub.
Photo 65. Staircase with a turn of 90 degrees series "Modern" cost 120 030 rub.
Photo 66. Product "Super Elegant" with 180 degree rotation has a price 108 277 rub.
Photo 67.113 118 rub.
Photo 68.

wooden stairs

This type of stair products will appeal to those who appreciate natural wood, simplicity and reliability of the design. The material used for the manufacture of these stairs is environmentally friendly, beautiful and reliable.

A metal staircase fits perfectly into a modern interior, it can be not only durable and massive, but also very beautiful, as in the photo. We tried to describe in detail how to make it with your own hands. For example, a compact version with a 90 degree turn is taken. We will also describe what is needed for this, which metal is better to use.

Metal staircase structures

Metal allows you to create configurations and shapes of almost any kind and complexity. Stairs can lead to the attic, installed in summer cottages or used as central ones leading to living rooms. The ability to equip such structures with forged railings, ornate balusters, massive starting poles and other elements makes their design non-trivial.

Often, metal stairs are lined with various materials. For example, wood, drywall, plastic, etc. Finishing can be only on the side parts or on all, including the flight of stairs. It is necessary to think over the connection points of various materials. It is metal that allows you to make an open structure that looks light and airy, but at the same time does not lose strength and reliability. According to the design features of the stairs can be divided into:

  • marching;
  • screw (spiral);
  • folding;
  • rotary.

Options with a turn are characterized by a significant plus - compactness, two of their types are especially common:

  • with running (turning) steps;
  • two-march with a platform.

Support structure options are also different. It can be one vertical base, suitable for stairs with winder steps. If there are turntables, supporting elements are often installed under them. In this case, there is no need for additional supports under stringers and bowstrings. There are options without visible supports, when a solid frame is rigidly attached to the floor and ceiling of the second floor. An unusual modern version is a ladder on the bolts, when the steps are mounted directly to the wall with special fasteners.

Advice. Modular stairs are specially designed for self-assembly. By choosing this option, it is quite possible to quickly and effortlessly assemble the product as a designer.

Of course, forging metal is very difficult, mastering this technique is not for everyone. But welded structures can be created by hand, even if the master has only little experience in this matter. It is especially important to correctly calculate the parameters of the future stairs. Only in the case of a precisely verified project, the product will turn out to be durable and easy to use.

Bolts metal ladder

Create a stair project

The recommended width of swivel products is at least 70-80 cm, but it is usually not made wider than 1.1 m. Since in this case the possibility of saving space and the very expediency of the rotation device disappear. The average height of the steps should strive for 14-18 cm. So it will be comfortable to climb. It is desirable that the riser has a height of more than 13 cm, otherwise the structure will unnecessarily become heavier. The width of each step is standard, it is slightly larger than the size of the average man's foot, at least 27 cm. The optimal slope of the stairs is 30-35 °.

Advice. It is desirable that the upper tread hangs 3 cm above the lower one. This is the optimal value verified by experts.

You need to start designing by measuring the height from floor to ceiling to calculate the length of the stairs. Then the dimensions are transferred to paper, the number of steps is calculated by dividing the length of the entire structure by the desired tread height.

For the design of winders, certain values ​​\u200b\u200bmust be adhered to. Their depth in the narrowest part should not be less than 10 cm. The wide side does not exceed 40 cm. It is desirable that the middle of the turning steps have a width of more than 23 cm, the minimum value is 20 cm.

Scheme: details of a metal staircase

The staircase will be comfortable if, when subtracting the height of the riser from the depth of the step, you get 12 cm. For safety, the following simple calculation is used: the depth of the step add the height of the riser, the result is 46 cm. you should get a value in the range of 57-64 cm.

Advice. The number of steps must not be even. It is convenient to enter and exit the stairs with the same foot.

Armed with this knowledge, you need to build a drawing, preferably on graph paper. Rectangles of flights of stairs are drawn. There should be 2 of them in the case of a construction with a platform, or 1 if a staircase with winder steps is being built. A line is drawn denoting the middle of the marches. The elements are connected by an arc of a circle. Next, a uniform layout of winder steps is performed.

Installation of a metal staircase

The calculation of the amount of material follows from the project. Since all the parts in the drawing have certain dimensions, it is easy to calculate how much metal profile, sheets, pipes, etc. are required. Metal elements are not light in weight, for this reason it is better to start installation with assistants. Work on the stairs is quite laborious, attention to detail is important.

Important! One kosour in the center can be used only if the width of the steps does not exceed 80 cm. In all other cases, they need one on each side.

For load-bearing beams usually use:

  • channel;
  • angle steel;
  • rectangular pipes.

It is desirable that the channel section be 150 x 200 or 100 x 200 mm. The minimum metal thickness is 8 mm. If the steps are made of metal sheet, its thickness should be 3 mm or more. If they are planned from wood, its optimal thickness is 40-50 mm. Most often, turntables are adjacent to the wall; for structural rigidity, the frame is fixed with anchor bolts. They are pre-buried in the wall in the intended places.

Advice. So that over time the wooden steps of a metal staircase creak less, it is better not to fasten them directly, but to do it through thin plywood.

For stringers or bowstrings, a channel or beams with a section of 12-18 mm are used. When mounting stairs on stringers, special ridges are welded (screwed) to the inclined surface, made according to the size of the steps. Next, frames, risers are attached to them, or wooden steps are immediately screwed.

If the staircase is on bowstrings, then corners are attached to the side surfaces, which serve as supports. In this case, the steps can be screwed directly to the walls of the frame. Or they can be welded to a metal frame fitted with jibs and struts.

Part of the welding work, if possible, is carried out on the street. What cannot be done outdoors must be done in a well-ventilated area. Be sure to use a special mask. Details are pre-marked, causing welding spots. First, it is recommended to grab the element a little by welding. Then check the horizontal with a building level, and only then make a strong welding seam. The finished staircase needs mandatory anti-corrosion treatment.

Having at least some welding skills, it is quite possible to independently cope with the manufacture of a metal staircase. With due attention to detail even at the project stage, the result will exceed all expectations. This design is durable and comfortable. Made by hand, it will meet all the most unexpected requirements.

Metal staircase: video

Do-it-yourself metal staircase: photo




















A metal staircase has been and will remain one of the best design options that makes it possible to climb to the second floor. Happy owners of country houses and duplex apartments most often prefer to equip their homes with metal stairs. And never remain dissatisfied with the choice made.

A metal staircase to the second floor provides users with a lot of bonuses in comparison with structures made of other materials.

  • Metal stairs to the second floor are leading in strength and reliability. Perhaps they are inferior in this regard to concrete structures, however, the latter, due to their low aesthetic characteristics and significant weight, are used mainly in multi-storey construction.
  • Stairs on a metal frame provide the broadest design perspectives. A metal staircase can fit into any style of interior - and in each it will look appropriate.
  • Metal harmonizes with so many materials, which allows you to combine them, creating exclusive compositions.
  • Due to the fact that the metal frame can withstand heavy loads, a staircase based on it can be equipped with massive railings, wide and elegant steps, and other decorative elements.
  • A metal staircase requires less space than a wooden one. At the same time, it does not clutter up the room, creating the impression of transparency and airiness.
  • Unlike a wooden structure, a metal staircase leading to the second floor will never dry out, begin to creak, and will not lose in reliability.
  • Stairs made of metal, with appropriate processing, steadfastly resist aggressive external influences. Therefore, a metal structure on the second floor can be taken out of the house and equipped with an entrance from the street. Often this solution is optimal, saving usable space in the room.

It is not surprising that the popularity of metal stairs to the second floor remains high at all times.

Varieties of metal stairs

Metal structures that provide interfloor lifting are of several types in their structure.

  • On the . This term refers to the crank-type frame, which is mounted from the floor of the first to the floor of the second level. This version of the metal staircase is equipped with both one, which lies in the center of the structure, and two - they are laid closer to the edges of the steps. The advantages of the stairs do not include the quick manufacture of the frame, the ease of installation (with certain skills, you can do it yourself) and the possibility of developing an individual project that takes into account the layout of your home.
  • On the . This is the name of the supports on the sides of the steps. A very reliable and strong staircase, but requires a slightly larger area.
  • On (console). A metal cantilever staircase from the side gives the impression of steps that soar in the air - if you do not mount the risers. The most economical option, since it takes up a minimum of space. At the same time, the design cannot be called unreliable: at the design stage, the calculation is carried out in such a way that each of the steps holds a load of 150 kg at the point furthest from the wall. If the staircase is conceived without risers, the railings on it are usually glass. The disadvantages of this type of stairs: difficulties in both calculations and construction. It is unlikely that it will be possible to mount such a structure with your own hands, it is better to entrust the manufacture to professionals.

  • Screw option. The design is mounted in such a way that the steps are wrapped in a spiral around the bearing support. The strength and reliability of the staircase is at a height, in the interior it looks especially elegant and elegant, but it is less convenient to use than the design varieties with directly located steps.

Often, developers opt for combined-type structures that use both and consoles. This option is especially successful if the staircase is located close to the wall: the outer part of the step holds, adjacent to the surface - a channel or corner driven into it.

In addition to design features, metal stairs are classified according to other criteria. So, they are divided into single-march and two-span structures. There are also straight and swivel options. Among the latter are:

  • L-shaped;
  • U-shaped;
  • in the form of a trapezoid;
  • rounded.

Constructions in several marches can be supplemented with platforms. Their main purpose is to make the angle of ascent of the stairs less steep.

For a person who for the first time decides to make a shoot up on a metal frame with his own hands, we would advise you to stop at a single-flight straight staircase. More complex options require specific knowledge and rather complex work.

Regulations

The basic design rules apply to all stairs, regardless of what materials went into their manufacture.

  • Span width - 90 cm at least. The steps should be comfortable to move even a large person. In addition, a smaller width will prevent the possible lifting of bulky items.
  • The angle of inclination of the march is also regulated. A slope of 35-45 degrees is considered optimal. A more flat design will take up an unacceptably large space. Steep stairs (50 degrees or more) are extremely inconvenient to move. You will have to go down it like a stepladder, with your back forward.
  • The riser height is recommended at 16-18 cm.
  • The width of the step is at least 27 cm. The foot of an adult male should be completely placed on it.
  • The distance between the balusters of the fence is 15 cm; if there are children in the house, it should be reduced to 12 cm.

As for the loads, it is not necessary to think about them: a ladder on a metal frame with your own hands is usually constructed from a profile pipe or a corner. And these materials have a sufficient margin of safety, so that the design in operation will be absolutely safe.

Necessary calculations

Given all the requirements for stair structures, you can calculate the parameters that match the size and layout of your home.

  • Measurement of the distance between floors vertically. It is carried out from the finishing floor of the first level to the finishing coating of the second level.
  • Measurement of the distance between the beginning and end of the stairs horizontally.
  • Application of the leg theorem. Recall that the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the legs. Hypotenuse - march span. Using a calculator, its length is calculated.
  • Selection of the number of steps, taking into account the depth and height of an individual element. For a span of 472 cm, they will turn out to be about 14. For selection, you may have to go through 2-3 options, but this process does not take much time, and it is extremely important for designing stairs.

After the design is developed, according to the results obtained, it is possible to estimate how much and what materials will be needed for its construction.

What you need

The list of materials and tools required for the manufacture of a metal ladder structure will include:

  • channel, 2 pcs., with a minimum size of 8x10 cm. Or a square-section professional pipe (for);
  • metal corner in the estimated amount (for fillies, that is, step frames);
  • steel in sheets (for kerchiefs);
  • material for covering steps. It can be corrugated steel, wood, corrugated board - which is more combined with interior design;
  • welding machine in the kit, which should include personal protective equipment;
  • grinder, supplemented by spare discs;
  • drill with a set of drills;
  • grinding wheel;
  • clamps.

Additionally, you will need a tape measure with a square, a marking pencil, a degreaser, a primer and decorative elements for final decoration in accordance with the design plan.

Instructions for making stairs

The process itself can be divided into several stages.

  • Installation . The load-bearing beams need to be firmly fixed, for which the channels are ideally precisely adjusted to the surfaces of the lower and second floors. If you use welding, take care of the accuracy of the fit and the maximum strength of the weld. If you prefer a bolted connection, check that there are no distortions.

  • Step manufacturing. The easiest option is to weld the frame from the corner. How you orient it depends on your design intent. If you are going to make steps from wood or sheet metal, the corner is mounted with shelves down. If it is planned to pour concrete or lay ceramics - shelves up. The frames are prepared according to the number of steps and welded to the pre-made markup. To strengthen the steps, scarves or additional supports are placed.
  • Steps can be built in a more complicated way, by making fillies, that is, supports for steps in the form of the letter G. You need 2 fillies for each element; parts are welded to, connected by crossbars and complemented by scarves. This method involves more difficult marking and an increase in the number of seams from welding.
  • When the structure is assembled, all the elements are cleaned with a grinding wheel in the places where welding work was carried out. Burrs are removed, seams are aligned. The finished frame is primed and, in most cases, painted.
  • At the last stage, step platforms are mounted on the stairs, railings are installed and decorative elements are hung, if they are provided for by the sketch.

Please note: if the staircase structure is being built at the stage of building a house, then its decor is postponed until the stage of general finishing work.

And one more subtlety: if you are not sure that you will be able to correctly make all the necessary calculations, entrust them to specialists. Designing without erecting a structure will cost you much less than drawing errors: you will have to redo too much, waste extra materials, effort and time. And worst of all, incorrect calculations can make the operation of the stairs unsafe.

You can see how the installation of a metal staircase is carried out here: