There are many rumors and legends in the world, the heroes of which they become. They come to life not only in folklore: there are witnesses who claim to have met these creatures in reality. Bigfoot is one such enigmatic character.

Who is Bigfoot?

Bigfoot is a mysterious humanoid creature, possibly a relict mammal that has survived from prehistoric times. Enthusiasts all over the world talk about their meetings with him. The creature is given many names - bigfoot, yeti, sasquatch, enzhey, migo, almasty, avtoshka - depending on the area in which the animal or its tracks were seen. But until the yeti is caught, his skin and skeleton are not found, one cannot speak of him as a real animal. We have to be content with the opinion of “eyewitnesses”, dozens of videos, audio and photographs, the reliability of which is in doubt.

Where does Bigfoot live?

Assumptions about where Bigfoot lives can only be made based on the words of those who met him. Most of the testimony is given by the inhabitants of America and Asia, who saw a half-man in forest and mountainous areas. It has been hypothesized that even today the Yeti populations live far from civilization. They build nests in tree branches and hide in caves, carefully avoiding contact with people. It is assumed that in our country yeti live in the Urals. Evidence for the existence of Bigfoot has been found in areas such as:

  • Himalayas;
  • Pamir;
  • Chukotka;
  • Transbaikalia;
  • Caucasus;
  • California;
  • Canada.

What does Bigfoot look like?

Since information about Bigfoot is rarely documented, its appearance cannot be accurately described, only guesses can be made. The opinions of people interested in this issue can be divided. Yet Bigfoot Yeti is seen by people as:

  • giant growing from 1.5 to 3 meters;
  • massive build with broad shoulders and long limbs;
  • with a body completely covered with hair (white, gray or brown);
  • a pointed head;
  • wide feet (hence the nickname bigfoot).

In the 50s of the twentieth century, Soviet scientists, together with foreign colleagues, raised the question of the reality of the Yeti. The famous Norwegian traveler Thor Heyerdall put forward the assumption about the existence of three types of humanoids unknown to science. This:

  1. Dwarf yeti up to one meter tall, found in India, Nepal, Tibet.
  2. A true Bigfoot is a large animal (up to 2 m in height) with thick hair and a conical head, on which a long "hair" grows.
  3. Giant Yeti (height reaches 3 m) with a flat head, sloping skull. Its footprints strongly resemble human ones.

What do Bigfoot footprints look like?

If the animal itself did not get into the camera, but traces of the Bigfoot are "found" everywhere. Sometimes they are mistaken for the paw prints of other animals (bears, snow leopards, etc.), sometimes they blow up a story that does not exist. But nevertheless, researchers of mountainous regions continue to replenish the piggy bank of traces of unknown creatures, reckoning them among the prints of the yeti's bare feet. They strongly resemble human ones, but wider, longer. Most of the traces of snow people were found in the Himalayas: in forests, caves and at the foot of Everest.

What does Bigfoot eat?

If yeti exist, they must feed on something. Researchers suggest that the real Bigfoot belongs to the order of primates, which means that it has the same diet as large monkeys. Yeti eat:

  • mushrooms, fruits and berries;
  • herbs, leaves, roots; moss;
  • small animals;
  • insects;
  • snakes.

Does Bigfoot really exist?

Cryptozoology deals with the study of unknown species biology. Researchers are trying to find traces of legendary, almost mythical animals and prove their reality. Cryptozoologists are also pondering the question: does Bigfoot exist? So far, the facts are not enough. Even taking into account that the number of statements from people who saw the yeti, filmed it on camera or found traces of the beast does not decrease, all submitted materials (audio, video, photos) are of very poor quality and may be fake. Meetings with Bigfoot in their habitats are also not a proven fact.

Bigfoot facts

Some people really want to believe that all the tales about the Yeti are true, and the story will continue in the near future. But only the following facts about Bigfoot can be considered undeniable:

  1. Roger Patterson's 1967 short film showing a female yeti - rigged.
  2. Japanese climber Makoto Nebuka, who chased Bigfoot for 12 years, made the assumption that he was dealing with a Himalayan bear. And the Russian ufologist B.A. Shurinov believes that a mysterious beast of extra-planetary origin.
  3. A brown scalp is kept in a monastery in Nepal, which is attributed to Bigfoot.
  4. The American Society of Cryptozoologists has appointed a $ 1 million bounty for the capture of the Yeti.

Currently, rumors about the Yeti are growing, discussions around the scientific community do not subside, and "evidence" is multiplying. Genetic research is being carried out all over the world: saliva and hair belonging to Bigfoot (according to eyewitness accounts) are being identified. Some specimens belong to well-known animals, but there are some that have a different origin. Until now, Bigfoot remains an unsolved mystery of our planet.

The Yeti is a well-known Bigfoot who lives in mountains and forests. On the one hand, it is a mythological creature whose secret thousands of scientists around the world are trying to unravel. On the other hand, this is a real person who, due to his disgusting appearance, hides away from human eyes.

Today, a new theory has emerged that possibly proves that Bigfoot lives in the Himalayas (mountains of Asia). This is evidenced by the strange footprints on the snow cover. Scientists suggest that the Yeti lives below the Himalayan snow line. To find irrefutable evidence, dozens of expeditions to the mountains of China, Nepal and Russia were collected, but no one was able to prove the existence of the famous "monster".

Features

Yeti is easy to spot and recognize. If you suddenly travel to the East, then keep this memo for yourself.

"Bigfoot reaches almost 2 meters in height, and his weight varies from 90 to 200 kilograms. Presumably, it all depends on the environment (respectively, and on the diet). This is a muscular big man who has thick hair all over his body. Coat color it can be either dark gray or brown. In fact, this is just a general portrait of the famous Yeti, because in different countries it is represented differently. "

Bigfoot Story

Yeti is a character of ancient legends and folklore. The Himalayas greet their guests with old tales, where the formidable and dangerous Bigfoot is the key figure. As a rule, such legends are needed not to scare travelers, but to warn against wild animals that can easily harm and even kill. The legends about the famous creature are so old that even Alexander the Great, after conquering the Indus Valley, demanded proof of the Yeti's existence from the locals, but they only said that Bigfoot lives at a high altitude.

What evidence is there

Since the end of the 19th century, scientists have been collecting expeditions to find evidence of the Yeti's existence. For example, in 1960, Sir Edmunt Hillary visited Everest and found the scalp of an unknown beast there. Several years later, research confirmed that it was not a scalp, but a warm helmet made from a Himalayan goat, which, after a long stay in the cold, could seem to be part of the Bigfoot's head.

Other evidence:


Russian expedition

In 2011, a conference was convened, attended by biologists and researchers from all over Russia. This event was organized with the support of the Government of the Russian Federation. During the conference, an expedition was assembled, which was supposed to study all the data about Bigfoot and collect irrefutable evidence of his existence.

A few months later, a group of scientists announced that they had found gray hair in the cave that belonged to the Yeti. However, the scientist Bindernagel proved that all the facts were compromised. This is evidenced by the work of Jeff Meldrum, Idaho professor of anatomy and anthropology. The scientist said that twisted tree branches, photographs and collected materials were a craft, and the Russian expedition was needed only in order to attract the attention of tourists from all over the world.

DNA samples

In 2013, geneticist Brian Sykes, who teaches at Oxford, announced to the whole world that he had materials for research, which were teeth, hair and skin. During the study, more than 57 samples were studied, which were carefully compared with the genomes of all animals in the world. The results were not long in coming: most of the material belonged to already known living creatures, such as a horse, cow, bear. Even the teeth of a hybrid of a polar bear and a brown bear that lived more than 100,000 years ago have been found.

In 2017, a number of studies were carried out, which proved that all the materials belonged to Himalayan and Tibetan bears, as well as a dog.

Theory adherents

Despite the fact that there is still no evidence of the existence of the Yeti, there are entire communities dedicated to the Bigfoot organized in the world. Their representatives believe that the mysterious creature is simply impossible to catch. This proves that the Yeti is an intelligent, cunning and educated creature that is carefully hidden from human eyes. The absence of irrefutable facts does not mean that such creatures do not exist. According to adherents theory, Bigfoot prefers a reclusive lifestyle.

Neanderthal riddle

Researcher Myra Sheckley, in her book on Bigfoot, described the experiences of two tourists. In 1942, two travelers were in the Himalayas, where they saw black spots moving hundreds of meters from their camp. Due to the fact that tourists settled on the ridge, they could clearly distinguish the height, color and habits of unknown creatures.

"The height of the" black spots "reached almost two meters. Their heads were not oval, but square. It was difficult to determine the presence of ears from the silhouette, so, perhaps, they were not there, or they were too close to the skull. Broad shoulders were covered with reddish "Brown hair that hung down. Despite the head was covered with hair, the face and chest were completely naked, which showed flesh-colored skin. The two creatures uttered a loud scream that scattered throughout the mountain range."

Scientists are still debating whether these observations were real or were an invention of inexperienced tourists. Climber Reinhold Messner concluded that large bears and their tracks were often mistaken for Yeti. He wrote about this in his book "My Search for the Yeti: Confronting the Deepest Secret of the Himalayas."

Does Bigfoot really exist?

In 1986, tourist Anthony Woodridge visited the Himalayas, where he also discovered the Yeti. According to him, the creature was only 150 meters away from the traveler, while the Bigfoot did not make any sounds or move. Anthony Woodridge for a long time hunted down unnaturally huge tracks, which later led him to the creature. Finally, the tourist took two photographs, which he presented to the researchers upon his return. Scientists studied the pictures for a long time and carefully, and then came to the conclusion that they are genuine and not fake.

John Napira is an anatomist, anthropologist, director of the Smithsonian Institution, and a biologist who studies primates. He also examined Woodridge's photographs and stated that the tourist was too sophisticated to mistake the image of the Yeti for a large Tibetan bear. More recently, however, the images were re-examined, and then the team of researchers came to the conclusion that Anthony Woodridge took a photograph of the darkened side of the rock, which stood vertically. Despite the indignation of true believers, the pictures were recognized, although real, but not proof of the existence of Bigfoot.

Bigfoot is a humanoid creature unknown to science. It has been given different names in different cultures. Among the most famous: Yeti, Bigfoot, Sasquatch... The attitude towards Bigfoot is rather ambiguous. There is no officially confirmed data on the existence of Bigfoot today. However, many claim that there is evidence of its existence, but official science does not want or cannot consider them as material evidence. In addition to numerous videos and photos, which, to be honest, are not 100% proof, since they can be ordinary fakes, the assortment of cryptozoologists, ufologists and researchers of the Bigfoot phenomenon has casts of footprints, sasquatch hair, and in one of the monasteries in Nepal the whole scalp of this creature is supposedly stored. However, such evidence is insufficient to confirm the existence of this hominid. The only proof that official science cannot argue with will be Bigfoot, so to speak, in person, which will allow itself to be investigated and conducted experiments.

According to some scientists, yeti are miraculously preserved to this day, which were driven by Cro-Magnons (ancestors of people) to forests and mountains, and since then they live far from people and try not to appear in their eyes. Despite the rapid flourishing of humanity, there are a huge number of places in the world where Bigfoot can hide and for the time being exist undetected. According to other versions, Bigfoot is a completely different species of great apes, which do not belong either to the ancestors of humans or to Neanderthals, but represent their own branch of evolution. These are upright primates, which can have a rather developed mind, since for a large amount of time they skillfully hide from people and do not allow themselves to be found. In the recent past, the Yeti was often mistaken for feral people who went into the forest, overgrown with hair and lost their usual human appearance, but numerous witnesses describe clearly not feral people, since people and unknown creatures, judging by the descriptions, differ strikingly.

In the bulk of the evidence, the sasquatch was seen either in the forested regions of the Earth, where there are large forests, or in the highlands, where people rarely climb. In such regions, which have been studied very little by people, various animals can live that have not yet been discovered by science, and Bigfoot may be one of them.

Most of the descriptions of this creature, moreover, descriptions from different regions of the planet, coincide. Witnesses describe Bigfoot as a large creature, reaching a height of 3 meters, with a strong, muscular physique. Bigfoot has a pointed skull and dark face, long arms and short legs, a massive jaw and a short neck. The Yeti is completely covered with hair - black, red, white or gray, and the hair on the head is longer than on the body. Sometimes witnesses emphasize that Bigfoot has a short mustache and beard.

Scientists suggest that the yeti is very difficult to find, since they hide their dwellings very carefully, and a person or people who approach their dwellings begin to scare off with a bang, howl, roar or screams. Such sounds, by the way, are also described in the mythology of the past, in particular, in the mythology of the ancient Slavs, where they were attributed to Leshem and his assistants, for example, the forest spirit Informer, who depicts a knock to scare a person away or, on the contrary, to lead him into a swamp or bog. Researchers claim that forest yeti can nest in dense tree crowns, and so skillfully that a person, even passing by and looking at the crown of a tree, will not notice anything. There are also versions that yeti dig holes and live underground, which makes their detection even more difficult. Mountain Yeti live in remote caves, which are located in hard-to-reach places.

It is believed that it was these wild creatures of large stature and covered with hair that became the prototypes of various characters in the mythology of the peoples of the world, for example, Russian Leshies or ancient Greek Satyrs, Roman Fauns, Scandinavian Trolls or Indian Rakshasas. One has only to think about it, because they believe in yeti almost everywhere: Tibet, Nepal and Bhutan (Yeti), Azerbaijan (gulei-bani), Yakutia (chuchunna), Mongolia (almas), China (ezhen), Kazakhstan (kiik-adam and albasty) , Russia (Bigfoot, Goblin, Shishiga), Persia (Div), Ukraine (Chugaister), Pamir (Virgins), Tatarstan and Bashkiria (Shurale, Yarymtyk), Chuvashia (Arsuri), Siberian Tatars (Pitsen), Ahaziya (Abnauayu) , Canada (sasquatch), Chukotka (teryk, girkychavylyin, mirigdy, kiltanya, arynk, arys, rekkem, julia), Sumatra and Kalimantan (trampoline), Africa (agogwe, kakundakari and ki-lomba) and so on.

It is worth noting that today the question of the existence of the Yeti is considered only by separate, private and independent organizations. However, in the USSR, the problem of finding a Yeti was considered at the state level. The amount of evidence of the appearance of this creature was so large that they simply ceased to doubt its existence. On January 31, 1957, a meeting of the Academy of Sciences was held in Moscow, on the agenda of which there was only one single item, "On Bigfoot." They were looking for this creature for several years, sent expeditions to various regions of the country, where before that evidence of its appearance was recorded, but after fruitless attempts to find a mysterious creature, the program was curtailed, and only enthusiasts began to deal with this issue. Enthusiasts to this day do not lose hope to meet with Bigfoot and prove to the whole world that these are not just myths and legends, but a real creature that, perhaps, needs human support and help.

A real reward has been announced for the capture of Bigfoot. Governor of the Kemerovo Region Aman Tuleyev promises 1,000,000 rubles to the lucky one. However, it should be said that if you meet the owner of the forest on the forest path, then first of all you need to think about how to get away with your feet, and not profit from it. Maybe it's for the best that people at one time did not put Bigfoot on a chain or in one of the cages of the zoo. Over time, interest in these creatures disappeared, and now many simply refuse to believe in him, taking all the evidence for fiction. This, undoubtedly, plays into the hands of forest people, and if they really exist, then they should not meet with curious people, scientists, reporters, tourists and poachers who will surely ruin their quiet existence.

Big Foot. Last eyewitnesses

Description

In the testimony of meetings with the "Bigfoot", creatures most often appear that differ from modern humans in a more dense physique, a pointed skull shape, longer arms, a short neck length and a massive lower jaw, relatively short hips, with thick hair all over body - black, red, white or gray. Dark-colored faces. The hair on the head is longer than on the body. The mustache and beard are very sparse and short. They climb trees well. It has been suggested that mountain populations of snow people live in caves, forest ones build nests on tree branches. Karl Linnaeus designated it as Homo troglodytes(caveman). Very fast. He can overtake a horse, and on two legs, and in the water - a motor boat. Omnivorous, but prefers plant foods, very fond of apples. Eyewitnesses described encounters with specimens of various heights, from an average human to 3 m or more.

Ideas about Bigfoot and its various local counterparts are very interesting from the point of view of ethnography. The image of a huge scary person can reflect innate fears of darkness, the unknown, relations with mystical forces in different nations. It is quite possible that in some cases for snowmen people with unnatural hair or feral people were accepted.

origin of name

The Bigfoot was named after a group of climbers who conquered Everest. They discovered the loss of food supplies, then heard a heartbreaking scream, and on one of the snow-covered slopes appeared a chain of footprints similar to human ones. The residents explained that this is Yeti, a terrible Bigfoot, and categorically refused to set up camp in this place. Since then, Europeans call this creature Bigfoot.

Existence

Most modern scientists are skeptical about the possibility of Bigfoot's existence.

... about Bigfoot, he said: "I really want to believe, but there is no reason." The words "no basis" means that the matter has been studied, and as a result of the examination it has been found that there is no reason to trust the original statements. This: is the formula of the scientific approach: “I want to believe”, but since “there are no grounds”, then this belief must be abandoned.
Academician A. B. Migdal From Guess to Truth.

The attitude of a professional biologist to the question of the possibility of the existence of "Bigfoot" was illustrated by paleontologist Kirill Eskov in a popular article:

I, at least, do not know the laws of nature that would impose a direct ban on the existence in the mountains of Central Asia of a relict hominoid - "ape-man", or simply a large anthropoid ape. Contrary to its name, it is not connected with eternal snows in any way (except that sometimes it leaves traces there), but should dwell in the belt of mountain forests, where there is enough food and shelter. It is clear that any reports about North American "big feet" can be thrown out with a clear conscience without reading (because there are no primate species on that continent and never have been, and to get there from Asia through circumpolar Beringia, as people did, you must at least have fire), but in the Himalayas or in the Pamirs - why not? There are even quite plausible candidates for this role, for example, the meganthrope - a very large (about two meters tall) fossil monkey from South Asia, which possessed a number of "human" features that bring it closer to African Australopithecines, the direct ancestors of hominids [...]
So, do I admit (as a professional zoologist) the fundamental possibility of the existence of a relict hominoid? - the answer is "Yes". Do I believe in his existence? - the answer is "No." And since we are not talking about “know / don’t know”, but about “believe / don’t believe”, I will allow myself to express a completely subjective judgment based on personal experience: [...] where the professional's foot once stepped, neither one animal larger than a rat has no chance of remaining "unknown to science." Well, since by the end of the twentieth century there were no more places where that professional's foot would not have stepped at all (at least on land) - draw your own conclusions ...

- "Cryptuha, sir!", Article. Kirill Eskov, Computerra, 13.03.07, No. 10 (678): pp. 36-39.

Currently, there is not a single member of the species living in captivity, not a single skeleton or skin. Nevertheless, there are allegedly hair, prints of footprints and dozens of photographs, video recordings (of poor quality) and audio recordings. The veracity of this evidence is in doubt. For a long time, one of the most compelling pieces of evidence was a short film directed by Roger Patterson and Bob Gimlin in 1967 in Northern California. The film allegedly captured a female Bigfoot. However, in 2002, after the death of Ray Wallace, for whom this shooting was made, testimonies of his relatives and acquaintances appeared, who told (however, without presenting any material evidence) that the whole story with the "American Yeti" was from the beginning to end rigged; the forty-centimeter “footprints of the yeti” were made with artificial forms, and the filming was a staged episode with a man in a specially tailored monkey costume.

However, it should be noted that Patterson's film aroused genuine interest among researchers at the National Geographic Channel. Under the heading "Reality or Fantasy" (aired in December 2010), an attempt was made to study and investigate Patterson's film from the point of view of the possibility of its falsification. Experienced make-up artists, a tall gait actor, special effects specialists and scientists were recruited as experts. The appearance of the creature in the film, its fur adjacent to the muscles, the proportions of the limbs, the dynamics of movement were assessed, the shooting distance was taken into account, etc. As a result, according to the unanimous opinion of the experts involved, even at the current level of development of the media industry and video effects, not to mention already on the level of 1967, it is almost impossible to achieve such a degree of realism of the plot about Bigfoot.

On the other hand, from the enthusiasts of this topic one can hear accusations against the "official science" that its representatives simply brush aside the available evidence. Here is a typical text of this kind:

In fact, those who say “no reason” simply do not want to even get acquainted with what has been “discovered” by enthusiastic researchers. "We hear a lot of examples of this in history." I will only give two. When Canadian Rene Dahinden brought us a copy of the film made by Patterson in 1967 at the end of 1971, I personally approached the then director of the Institute of Anthropology of Moscow State University V.P. would recoil from the proposal and say; "Not! Do not!" But this did not prevent him from declaring that there were no grounds ...
And when at the international symposium, at which he (Yakimov) presided, Professor Astanin came to the rostrum to present to the audience the materials of the anatomical study of the Yeti's hand from the Pangboche Monastery (Tibet), Yakimov did not let him speak and drove him from the rostrum, in violation of the democratic traditions of such forums - to the protesting cries of the participants ... As a result, some of them left the meeting of the symposium.
And a recent example: when I came from the United States after a five-week "investigation" of the events at the Carter farm in the fall of 2004, where, according to the hostess, the Bigfoot clan lived, and offered to speak and tell about the results in the anthropology department of the Institute of Ethnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, its head. S. Vasiliev declined under the pretext of being busy with other issues.
At the same time, when there was an uproar in the press about the existence of "Bigfoot" in the Shoria mountains (south of the Kemerovo region), the same Vasiliev, without any hesitation, declared: "Alas, we do not have data on the existence of humanoid, anywhere. in the world"…
Igor Burtsev, Cand. ist. Sci., Director of the International Center for Hominology, Moscow.

The Soviet scientist B. F. Porshnev paid much attention to the subject of Bigfoot.

Commission of the Academy of Sciences to study the question of the "Bigfoot"

Commission members J.-M. I. Kofman and Professor B. F. Porshnev and other enthusiasts continued to actively search for Bigfoot or his tracks.

Society of Cryptozoologists

Mentions in history and literature

Abstract illustration of Bigfoot.

There are numerous images of creatures similar to Bigfoot (on the objects of art of Ancient Greece, Rome, Ancient Armenia, Carthage and the Etruscans and medieval Europe) and mentions, including in the Bible (in Russian translation shaggy), Ramayana ( rakshasas), in the poem of Nizami Ganjavi "Iskander-name", the folklore of different peoples ( faun, satyr and strong in ancient Greece, yeti in Tibet, Nepal and Bhutan, ghulei-bani in Azerbaijan, chuchunny, chuchunaa in Yakutia, almas in Mongolia, ehen (野人 ), maoren(毛 人) and renxiong(人 熊) in China, kiik adam and albasts In Kazakhstan , goblin, shish and shishiga Russians, div in Persia (and Ancient Russia), chugaister in Ukraine , virgins and albasts in the Pamirs, shurale and yarytyk among the Kazan Tatars and Bashkirs, arsuri among the Chuvash, picen Siberian Tatars, abnaway in Abkhazia , sasquatch In Canada , terryk, girkychavylyin, worlds, kiltanya, arynk, arys, rackham, julia in Chukotka, trampoline, sedapa and orangpendek in Sumatra and Kalimantan, agogwe, kakundakari and ki-lomba in Africa, etc.). In folklore, they appear in the form of satyrs, demons, devils, goblin, water, mermaids, etc.

Opponents of the Bigfoot version of existence, to which most professional biologists and anthropologists can be attributed, point to the absence of unequivocal confirmation (living individuals or their remains, high-quality photographs and videos) and the possibility of arbitrary interpretation of the available evidence. There are frequent references to a well-known biological fact: the long-term existence of a population requires a minimum number of about hundreds of individuals, whose vital activity, according to critics, simply cannot be invisible and does not leave numerous traces. The explanations put forward for the evidence generally boil down to the following set of versions:

Links

see also

Notes (edit)

  1. K. Eskov. "Cryptuha, sir!"
  2. Patterson's film
  3. B. F. Porshnev The current state of the question of relict hominoids Viniti, Moscow, 1963
  4. Soviet "Bigfoot". Itogi magazine
  5. Jeanne-Maria Kofman
  6. see for example, "Popular Biological Dictionary", 1991, Ed. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, edited by Corresponding Member A. V. Yablokov
  7. V. B. Sapunov, Doctor of Biol. Sciences Bigfoot in two dimensions, or an alternative to the noosphere
  8. J. Kofman At the origins of a new science (On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the publication of the monograph by Professor BF Porshnev "The current state of the question of relict hominoids" VINITI 412 since 1963), Mediana magazine No. 6 2004
  9. KAZAKHSTAN CHRONICLE "P" Year 1988
  10. Trakhtengerts M. S. The habitat of primates of the Alamas species journal "Natural and technical sciences" ISSN 1684-2626, 2003, No. 2, pp. 71-76
  11. Dmitri Bayanov, Igor Bourtsev In The Footsteps of the Russian Snowman 240 pages "Pyramid Publications" 1996 ISBN 5-900229-18-1 ISBN 978-5-900229-18-8 (English)
  12. B. A. Shurinov XX century paradox"International relations" 315 pp. 1990 ISBN 5-7133-0408-6
  13. The Russian biologist considers the Sasquatch and other Yeti to be feral oligophrenics.
  14. Beiko VB, Berezina MF, Bogatyreva EL et al. Great encyclopedia of the animal world: Scientific-pop. edition for children. - M.: CJSC "ROSMEN-PRESS", 2007. - 303 p. UDC 087.5, BBK 28.6, p. 285.

Publications about Bigfoot long ago moved from the category of world sensations to the category of entertainment reading. Back in the 1970s, the well-known journalist Yaroslav Golovanov noted that at yeti there is "the brand of a smile." And in recent years, almost no journalistic investigation on this topic is complete without a certain amount of scoffing.

Representatives of the "big" science call the researchers of the problem dilettantes, arrogantly rejecting their discoveries. Nevertheless, research in this area continues and is replenished with more and more new evidence. DISCOVERY Magazine begins a series of publications about Bigfoot and other unexplored, controversial and extinct creatures.

It is believed that in Russia the study of Bigfoot began a century ago. Back in 1914, the zoologist Vitaly Khakhlov, who had been searching for a “wild man” and polling the local population in Kazakhstan since 1907, sent a letter to the leadership of the Academy of Sciences in which he substantiated the existence of humanoid creatures.

Khakhlov gave them the specific name Primihomo asiaticus (Asian first man) and insisted on organizing an expedition to find viable individuals. But the letter fell into the category of "not having scientific significance", and the subsequent events, including the First World War, completely postponed the solution of this problem for many decades.

The Bigfoot (aka Bigfoot, Yeti and Sasquatch) first attracted the attention of the general public in the 1950s, when climbers from many countries began to "explore" the highest peaks of the planet. A little more than half a century ago, in 1954, the first special expedition to find the Yeti in the Himalayas took place.

It was organized by the British tabloid Daily Mail on the initiative and under the direction of the newspaper employee, journalist Ralph Izzard. The impetus for the preparation of the expedition was the photographs of the footprints of a mysterious two-legged creature in the snow, taken by the Englishman Eric Shipton during the ascent of Everest in 1951.

In the highland monasteries, evidence has been found proving that the Himalayas are inhabited (or at least inhabited by) huge humanoid creatures covered with wool.

Izzard very thoughtfully approached the collection of the expedition, which took almost three years. During this time, he got acquainted with all the publications on the topic in libraries of different countries, carefully selected specialists for the main team of the expedition, and agreed on the assistance of the Sherpas - the indigenous inhabitants of the high Himalayas.

And although Izzard did not catch Bigfoot (and such a task was also set), many reports of meetings with him were recorded, and evidence was found in the high-mountain monasteries proving that huge humanoid creatures live (or at least lived) in the Himalayas covered with wool. According to the descriptions of local residents, an English anthropologist, the son of first-wave emigrants, Vladimir Chernetsky, recreated the appearance of a Yeti.

A unique photograph taken during an expedition in the forest near Vyatka (Orichevsky District) in 200V year: a shaggy creature moving on two legs was photographed from a distance of about 200 meters, after which it fled, leaving giant footprints.


In 1958, the USSR Academy of Sciences created the "Commission for the Study of the Bigfoot" and sent an expensive expedition to find the Yeti in the high Pamir mountains, but, unlike Izzard, did not bother with any serious preparation. The mission was headed by botanist Kirill Stanyukovich, and among his colleagues there was not a single specialist in large mammals.

Needless to say, the result turned out to be depressing: a lot of money was spent, as they would say today, on “non-targeted spending”. It cannot be argued that Stanyukovich did not at all justify the hopes of high officials. Based on the data obtained, he created a geobotanical atlas of the Pamir highlands, but after his expedition, the Academy of Sciences officially closed the topic of studying Bigfoot. Since then, all searches for the Yeti in our country were carried out exclusively by the forces of enthusiasts.

YETI ON FILM

Nevertheless, in the short period of its existence, the commission managed to collect a large number of eyewitness reports about meetings with the "inhabitants of the mountains." Several issues of information materials have been published. All work was carried out under the guidance of Professor Boris Porsh-nev, who founded a new direction in the science of man and his origin - hominology.

In 1963 his voluminous monograph “The current state of the question of relict hominids” was published with a note “For official use” in a circulation of only 180 copies, in which Porshnev outlined the available data and the theory based on them.

In subsequent years, these ideas were developed by the professor in articles of popular science publications and summarized by him in the book "On the Beginning of Human History" (1974), which was published after the death of the author. Boris Porshnev died of a heart attack when at the last moment the publication of this work was canceled and the set of the book was scattered.

In his writings, Porshnev expressed the idea that the "snowmen" are Neanderthals who have survived to this day, having adapted to natural conditions without tools, clothing, fire and, most importantly, speech as a means of communication. Speech, according to the scientist, is the most important distinguishing quality of a person that distinguishes him from the rest of the animal world.

In the 1960s, expeditionary work moved mainly to the Caucasus. The main merit in this belongs to the doctor of biological sciences Alexander Mashkovtsev, who traveled along and reproached several regions of the Caucasus and collected a wealth of material.

The expeditionary work was headed and led for many years by Maria-Zhanna Kofman. The participants in the search exchanged information on the results obtained at the sessions of the seminar on the problem of relict hominids, founded in 1960 at the State Darwin Museum in Moscow by the famous naturalist Pyotr Smolin. After the death of Smolin, the seminar is still headed by Dmitry Bayanov.

While in the USSR the problem of Bigfoot was discussed from a theoretical position, in America and Canada there was a major breakthrough in the field of field searches.

On October 20, 1967, the American Roger Patterson managed to film a female hominid in a forest in Northern California and made several plaster casts of her tracks. The film was coldly received by the scientific community, without any study was rejected by the Smithsonian Center and declared a forgery. Patterson died five years later of brain cancer, but there are still materials in print trying to accuse him of falsification.

But back in 1971, Russian hominologists, among whom was your humble servant, as a result of painstaking research, recognized the film as genuine. Our study of the film is still the most important evidence of its truth. American specialists have only recently begun to seriously study it and are already confirming the conclusions drawn in the USSR almost 40 years ago.

EXPERTISE STUDYING THE PATTERSON'S FILM, RUSSIAN (THEN STILL SOVIET) SCIENTISTS DID THE CONCLUSION THAT IT IS GENUINE. THEY JUSTIFIED THEIR CONCLUSIONS WITH THE FOLLOWING ARGUMENTS:

Exceptional flexibility of the ankle joint of the creature depicted on the film, unattainable for humans.
Greater, in comparison with humans, flexibility of the foot itself is in the back direction. Dmitry Bayanov was the first to draw attention to this. Later this was confirmed by the American anthropologist Jeff Meldrum, which he described in his publications.

Bigfoot's heel protrudes back more than a person's. This corresponds to the typical foot structure of Neanderthals. For a creature of great weight, this is justified from the point of view of the rational application of muscle strength.

In the study of the film, Doctor of Sciences Dmitry Donskoy, who was then the head of the Department of Biomechanics at the Institute of Physical Education, came to the conclusion that the creature's gait is completely not typical for Homo sapiens and practically cannot be reproduced.

In the film, the play of muscles on the body and limbs is clearly visible, which rejects the assumption of the costume. The entire anatomy of the body and especially the low head position distinguishes this creature from modern humans.

Measurements of the frequency of vibration of the hands and comparison with the speed at which the film was filmed indicate a high growth of the creature (about 220 cm) and, given the complexion, a large weight (over 200 kg).

THE BIGFOOT CLAN IN TENNESSY

In December 1968, two world-renowned cryptozoologists, Ivan Sanderson (USA) and Bernard Eyvelmans (France), examine the frozen corpse of a hairy humanoid creature. Later they publish the report in the scientific press. Evelmans identified the deceased as a "modern Neanderthal", thus declaring that Porshnev was right.

Meanwhile, the search for Bigfoot continued in the USSR. The most significant results were obtained from the work of Maria-Zhanna Kofman in the North Caucasus, the search for Alexandra Burtseva in Kamchatka and Chukotka; Expeditions in Tajikistan and the Pamir-Alai under the leadership of the Kievites Igor Tatzl and Igor Burtsev were very large-scale and fruitful, and in Western Siberia and Lovozero (Murmansk region), it was not unsuccessful to search for Maya Bykov, Vladimir Pushkarev collected a lot of information in Komi and Yakutia.

Pushkarev's expedition ended tragically: in September 1978, he single-handedly went on an expedition to the Khanty-Mansiysk District and disappeared without a trace.

In 1990, search expeditions practically ceased due to a sharp change in the socio-political situation in the territory of the former USSR. After some time, thanks to the development of the Internet, Russian researchers were able to establish strong contacts with European and overseas colleagues.

In recent years, interest in the Yeti has increased, and new regions of hominid detection have emerged. In 2002, Janice Carter, the owner of a farm in Tennessee, said in an interview that a whole clan of Bigfoots has lived near her property for more than half a century. According to the woman, the elder of the "snow" family was about 60 years old, and "acquaintance" with him took place when Janice was only seven years old.

In the next issue, we will dwell in more detail on this amazing case and the main protagonists of the story. A story about unique finds and incredible discoveries awaits you.

The mysterious creature from Burganef really looks like a Neanderthal

Janice Carter meets Bigfoot. The drawing was made according to the woman's words and accurately shows the proportions of the creature and demonstrates how their communication took place.

Some time ago, Russian hominologists accidentally stumbled upon information that in 1997 in France, at a provincial fair in the town of Burganef, a frozen body of a "Neanderthal" was shown, allegedly found in the mountains of Tibet and smuggled from China.

There are many incomprehensible things in this story. The owner of the trailer, which transported the refrigerator with the "Neanderthal", disappeared without a trace shortly after pictures of the dead Bigfoot's body were leaked to the French press.

The trailer itself with its invaluable contents has also disappeared, all attempts to find it for 11 years are in vain. Photos of the frozen body showed Janice Carter, who most likely confirmed that this was not a falsification, but indeed the corpse of a Bigfoot.

Despite serious difficulties, mainly of a financial nature, research on the problem of Bigfoot continues. The recognition by the official science of such humanoid creatures will lead to serious changes in many branches of knowledge related to the study of man, will allow penetrating the secret of his origin, will have a serious impact on the development of culture, religion, medicine. Using Porshnev's terminology, this will lead to a scientific revolution and to a radical revolution in the issue of defining a person as such and isolating him from the animal world.


An unusual structure made of tree trunks and branches found in Tennessee. Such structures are often found in difficult-to-pass forests. Their purpose is still unknown, but apparently this is how the Yeti somehow designate their territory. Igor Burtsev (pictured) is convinced that there is a huge Bigfoot family living in Tennessee.

HUMAN AND ANIMAL HYBRID

Even Michel Nostradamus warned about the emergence of a hybrid of man and animal. Experiments on vivisection, that is, surgical intervention in a living organism in order to create another creature, in particular a person (or the like), were carried out back in the 19th century, but they did not lead to anything.

There is no data of this kind on earlier "studies". At least, doctors and alchemists of the Middle Ages did not resort to such experiments (this was the way to the fire of the Inquisition), content with attempts to grow homunculi in test tubes.

Experiments on breeding humanoid creatures became widespread (in certain circles) in the early 1920s. A student of Academician Ivan Pavlov, biologist Ilya Ivanov, began to conduct experiments on crossing humans and chimpanzees using the method of artificial insemination. The experiments were carried out on volunteers and lasted more than 10 years, until Ivanov's death in 1932, which followed under very mysterious circumstances.

Why were these experiments carried out? At first glance, the reason is simple - the possibility of creating some hybrids for work in difficult and harmful conditions and, possibly, for organ donation. However, the results of the experiments are unknown. True, there is unverified evidence that somewhere in the mines, GULAG prisoners met hairy, ape-like people.

But is it possible to create such creatures and other humanoid monsters? Geneticists give a negative answer to this question, since humans have 46 chromosomes, and chimpanzees have 48, which means that artificial (as well as natural) fertilization is simply impossible. But Ivanov, when exposed to an egg, could well use chemicals, drugs, radiation and any other powerful methods. After all, what is sometimes impossible in nature is quite possible in the laboratory.

JAPANESE VERSION

The Japanese climber claims that he has uncovered the secret of Bigfoot, and now this problem, which has excited the minds of seekers of mysterious phenomena for decades, is over. After 12 years of research, Ma-koto Nebuka concluded that the legendary Yeti from the Himalayas was nothing more than the Himalayan bear (Ursus thibetanus).

“Reality is rarely as frightening as imagination,” says smiling Nebuka, one of the leading members of the Alpine Club of Japan, at a press conference in Tokyo for his book, which summarizes years of research into Bigfoot.

In addition to unique photographs. Nebuka was also involved in linguistic research. In particular, an analysis of interviews with residents of Nepal, Tibet and Bhutan showed that the notorious "Yeti" is a distorted "meti", that is, "bear" in the local dialect. And the myth has almost become a reality due to the fact that the Tibetans consider the "yeti" honey to be an omnipotent and terrible creature with supernatural powers.

These concepts combined and became "Bigfoot", explains Nebuka. To prove his position, he shows a photograph of a "yeti" bear, the head and paws of which are kept by one of the Sherpas as a talisman.

DID YOU KNOW THAT ...

The name "Bigfoot" is a tracing paper from the Tibetan "metoh kangmi", as this creature is called there.
... Scientists studying Bigfoot agree that the life span of this creature is 250-300 years.
... Cryptozoologists have not only casts of footprints, hair and excrement of the Yeti, but also fragments of his dwelling, built on the ground and in trees. Scientists are convinced that it takes a lot of strength and intelligence to build a structure from branches and seal walls with grass, foliage, earth and excrement.
... Finnish scientists tried to offer the most incredible version of the appearance of Bigfoot. They claimed that the Yeti are aliens, and when they disappear, they are transported to their planet.
... In Malaysia, the Yeti is considered a deity, they call him "Hantu Yarang Jiji" (literally - "a spirit with wide-set teeth"), and in Endau-Rompin National Park there is even a small chapel with a bigfoot sculpture, to which believers come to pray.
... The American Society of Cryptozoologists and in Tucson (Arizona) announced a reward of 100 thousand US dollars to those who find and deliver scientists the corpse of Bigfoot, and 1 million dollars to those who manage to catch him alive.

Igor Burtsev
Discovery Magazine No. 5 2009.