kidney failure- impaired renal function, in which there is a sharp decrease in the amount of urine excreted, the accumulation of toxic metabolic products in the blood, a change in the water and electrolyte balance of the body. Distinguish between acute and chronic renal failure.

Causes can be injuries, poisoning with salts of heavy metals, plant and animal poisons, drugs, transfusion of incompatible blood, acute infectious diseases of the kidneys. In chronic renal failure, the disease develops slowly over several years and leads to impaired renal function, wrinkling of the kidneys and poisoning of the body (intoxication).
Chronic renal failure can occur in almost all chronic kidney diseases, as part of their tissue dies.

Symptoms: shortness of breath and anemia, nausea in the morning and fatigue, constantly light, completely colorless urine. Another sign of kidney failure is the need to urinate 2-3 times a night with a normal drinking regime, especially for people under 50 years of age.

What's happening? The renal glomeruli, in which the filtration process takes place, that is, the body is cleansed of toxins and metabolic products, shrink and lose their functions, and the remaining glomeruli work with an increased load, resulting in a hyperfiltration process. The reserves of the kidneys are large, but when the number of glomeruli is reduced by 60-70%, renal failure occurs, which ultimately leads to the complete loss of kidney function. When the kidneys completely lose their function, end-stage renal failure develops, a life-threatening condition. Then only artificial methods of blood purification (hemodialysis) can help, which means that it is necessary to visit the hemodialysis department at least twice a week and connect to the artificial kidney machine for 6-8 hours. This prolongs life by 12-15 years and does not lead to disability, only there are not enough such devices for all patients.

The kidneys are responsible for the constant chemical composition of the blood, therefore, with renal failure, the balance of sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus in the blood is disturbed. At the same time, the amount of potassium increases, and calcium decreases, and this can lead to both convulsions and heart rhythm disturbances.

What to do? Treatment of renal failure is carried out under the supervision of a nephrologist, who selects an individual treatment regimen and diet for each patient.

A kidney failure diet should be low in protein, as this reduces the workload on the kidneys and thus prolongs life. A low-protein diet excludes cheese and cottage cheese, nuts and mushrooms, all potassium-containing fruits (citrus fruits, apricots, grapes, bananas, dried fruits), bread, pasta and other flour products from the diet. On the day you can eat no more than 50 grams of meat, no more than a glass of milk or kefir. Do not eat more than 3 eggs per week. You can eat cream, sour cream, ice cream, honey and lard to compensate for the calorie content of the diet.

Medicinal fees

1. Required:

1 st. a spoonful of yarrow herb, lingonberry leaves, juniper fruits, St. John's wort, 1 liter of water.

Cooking method.

Mode of application.

2. Required:

7 art. spoons of oregano herb, 2 tbsp. spoons of birch buds, 3 tbsp. spoons of St. John's wort, 2 tbsp. spoons of mint leaves, 1 tbsp. spoon of eucalyptus leaves, 5 tbsp. spoons of knotweed grass, 1 liter of water.

Cooking method.

Collection grind, mix, 2 tbsp. Pour boiling water over spoons of the collection, boil for 10 minutes, insist in a thermos for 12 hours, strain.

Mode of application.

3. Required:

5 st. spoons of nettle leaves, 3 tbsp. spoons of marshmallow root, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of mint leaves, 5 tbsp. spoons of tricolor violet grass, 4 tbsp. spoons of chamomile flowers, 3 tbsp. spoons of juniper fruit, 2 tbsp. spoons of flax seeds, 1 liter of water.

Cooking method.

Collection grind, mix, 2 tbsp. Pour boiling water over spoons of the collection, boil for 10 minutes, insist in a thermos for 12 hours, strain.

Mode of application.

4. Required:

1 st. a spoonful of lingonberry leaves, flax seeds, calendula flowers, tricolor violet herb, 1 liter of water.

Cooking method.

Collection grind, mix, 2 tbsp. Pour boiling water over spoons of the collection, boil for 10 minutes, insist in a thermos for 12 hours, strain.

Mode of application.

5. Required:

1 st. spoon of mint herb, 6 tbsp. spoons of bearberry leaves, 5 tbsp. spoons of knotweed grass, 4 tbsp. spoons of St. John's wort, 2 tbsp. spoons of calamus root, dill seeds, 3 tbsp. spoons of Kuril tea, 1 liter of water.

Cooking method.

Collection grind, mix, 2 tbsp. Pour boiling water over spoons of the collection, boil for 10 minutes, insist in a thermos for 12 hours, strain.

Mode of application.

6. Required.

How do you usually take care of your kidney health? Are you drinking enough water? Have you removed salt from your diet? Do you exercise a little every day?

All of the above items are important for good kidney health. However, sometimes it's easy to forget these simple tips or come up with an excuse for not following them until the first symptoms of the disease appear.

Pain in the lower back that radiates to the stomach, a burning sensation during urination, changes in the color of urine - these signs indicate that something is wrong with the kidneys.

So why not improve your lifestyle? Shouldn't you always add grapes to a healthy diet?

Useful properties of grapes - a natural medicine for the kidneys

You will certainly pay attention to these statistics: according to the American Kidney Foundation, in every ninth person, sooner or later, disorders of this organ occur, either just a urinary tract infection, renal colitis, or a serious chronic disease that eventually requires serious treatment, in particular dialysis or transplants.


Kidney health is very important, so it should always be remembered, because not only genetic predisposition determines the risk of a certain disorder. Lifestyle and eating habits are the basis for the good functioning of this organ.

That's why it's important to add certain foods to your diet that will improve kidney health by helping them control blood and eliminate waste from the body.

The Power of Grape Seeds to Heal Kidneys

Never throw away seeds when eating grapes. Do you want to know why?

  • Grape seeds are high in phenols and proanthocyanidins, two types of antioxidants that strengthen the kidneys and repair damaged areas.
  • Another interesting fact about grape seeds is that its antioxidants, as well as vitamins C and E and beta-carotene, remain in the kidneys for almost three days, so they cleanse the blood of toxins and improve kidney function.
  • Grape seeds also regulate blood pressure, improve circulation and strengthen blood vessels.
  • According to a study published in the journal Applied Physiology, grape seed and extract not only repair damaged kidney tissue, but also help overweight people burn fat (excess fat can cause kidney problems).

Useful properties of grape juice

Natural sugar-free grape juice is a concentrated source of antioxidants that protect the person from the effects of free radicals that harm the kidneys.

Let's not forget that grape juice is an excellent vasodilator that clears the arteries and fights atherosclerosis, a problem that also affects the kidneys.
The authors of an article in the health magazine All 4 Natural Health claim that organically grown grapes, not treated with pesticides, reduce uric acid levels in the body and cleanse the liver and kidneys of toxins and waste.

How should grapes be eaten so that they have a good effect on the kidneys?

First of all, do not forget that grapes contain sugar, so for maximum benefits, you need to eat them in moderation, following these simple guidelines:

  • About 15 grapes a day is the ideal amount to improve kidney health, promote kidney recovery, and still eat a balanced diet.
  • When is the best time to eat grapes? In the morning. It can be added to a bowl of oatmeal or sugar-free white yogurt. Grapes also go well with other fruits.
  • What kind of grapes are useful? - Red, because it contains more antioxidants.
  • It is important to always buy organic grapes, or at least know that they have not been treated with pesticides and other harmful chemicals.
  • Always eat the skin and seeds.
  • If you prepare grape juice yourself, do not express the mixture. Eat the skin and seeds, as we said earlier.
  • Grapes are not just a fruit for breakfast or dessert. It is great for salads, baked meats and even vegetables. This is delicious!

Be sure to eat grapes in season. Add it to your diet to keep your kidneys healthy.

Renal failure is a malfunction of the kidneys. For their recovery, proper treatment is needed. Its basis is a diet for kidney failure. Its main feature is the high caloric content of consumed products and strict control over the consumed protein. So, in the menu of the patient there are oils, fried foods and sweets.

Nutrition in chronic renal failure

The chronic stage of the disease manifests itself gradually, without acute and sudden attacks. The main cause of this type of kidney failure is protein deficiency in the body. Therefore, the main goal of the diet is to ensure the intake of protein in the right quantities, preventing the breakdown of what is already in the body. The diet and daily menu is compiled for patients individually. But dietary table 7 and its subspecies are taken as the basis. So, if the symptoms of chronic insufficiency are especially acute, then a 7a diet is prescribed for a week. After the transition to the remission phase, the doctor assigns a person a table 7b with a gradual transition to 7.

In terms of diet, the chronic kidney disease diet allows you to eat 20-60 grams of protein and 1-2 grams of salt per day. Mandatory for a person are fats and carbohydrates in large quantities, which allows you to increase the calorie content of food up to 3500 kcal per day. The intake of vitamins in the body is provided by fruits and vegetables. Success in restoring kidney function lies in the rejection of those foods that irritate and injure the organ.

Nutrition in acute renal failure


You should drink plenty of freshly squeezed juices.

The acute stage of the disease is characterized by a sharp manifestation of symptoms that can only be alleviated with the help of medications. Therefore, a diet for renal failure is prescribed to the patient only after the transition of the disease to the stage of remission or in the postoperative period. Its main goal is to restore metabolism. For this, the amount of protein per day should not exceed 60 grams. In the acute phase of the disease, the caloric content of food consumed per day should be 3000-3500 kcal. This level is achieved due to the presence of fats and carbohydrates in the menu.

In addition, to maintain a normal vitamin supply in the body, you should drink plenty of freshly squeezed juices. During cooking, salt should not be added, but a small amount of salt is allowed immediately before use. It is better to start dietary nutrition in the acute stage of the disease from table 7b. After a week of such nutrition, you can gradually switch to table 7. The duration of the diet is 8-12 months.

Consider in more detail the acceptable and prohibited foods for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Bakery products should contain a minimum of salt in the composition and be made from wheat flour. Rye bread is subject to refusal. It is better to cook soups based on fish or vegetable broth with the addition of any vegetables and cereals. Meat is better to choose low-fat varieties - chicken, rabbit or turkey. Steam or boil it. The consumption of greens is not limited both fresh and after heat treatment.

As for the liquid, it is allowed to drink green or herbal tea. Freshly squeezed juices should be diluted with water due to their high sugar content. Berries and fruits can be in any quantity and form. Only bananas, which are rich in magnesium and potassium, fall under the ban. Their breakdown product is protein, the use of which is strictly limited. The diet includes up to 6 meals per day. And at regular intervals.


With kidney failure, bananas are prohibited.

Acute renal failure involves strict bed rest. That is why it is important to provide the body with energy from food. Milk and all types of dairy products, including cocktails based on them, will be useful. As for eggs, let's say 1 protein per day. All kinds of vegetables and fruits are allowed. But you should remember about the rejection of legumes, garlic and spinach. Vegetables can be consumed raw or after heat treatment, but not pickled or pickled. For dessert, it is allowed to eat candy, a little honey or jam. Juices such as plum, cherry, apple, or watermelon are good for the kidneys.

sample menu

Symptoms of CKD can appear quite often, but may be completely invisible. In any case, after making this diagnosis, it is necessary to follow a diet selected by a specialist. The slightest refusal of the prescribed diet can complicate the course of the disease. Consider several options for the daily menu, the recipes of which can be found below.

  1. Menu for people with CKD, which is dominated by plant proteins. 1st breakfast: oatmeal with milk, vinaigrette salad, green tea or milk. 2nd breakfast: cabbage cutlets. Lunch: cucumber and tomato salad, vegetable soup, stew, fruit jelly. Afternoon snack: decoction based on wild rose. Dinner: fried cabbage, fruit pie, green tea. Before going to bed: freshly squeezed juice.
  2. Breakfast: boiled potato puree, egg, honey, freshly squeezed orange juice. For an afternoon snack, you can eat sour cream, washed down with mineral non-carbonated water. Lunch consists of rice soup, vegetable stew and fruit jelly. Dinner: rice porridge, fruit jam and juice. You can drink juice as a snack.

Diet for diabetes and kidney failure


You need to eat at least 6 times a day.

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that in many cases gives complications to the kidneys. The result is the development of CKD. In this case, the diet should be controlled not only by the urologist, but also by the endocrinologist. The main principles of the diet for kidney failure and diabetes are the normalization of blood sugar levels, the reduction of salt and protein intake. You need to eat fractionally, that is, in small portions, but at least 6 times a day. It is necessary to abandon medications that can provoke malfunctions in the genitourinary system.

Approved Products

With diabetes, you can eat wholemeal bread. Buns are allowed only on the basis of sugar substitutes. The first dishes are best cooked on vegetable broths. Meat or fish broths are allowed no more than 1 time per week, while the first water after boiling must be drained. Meat dishes are best baked, steamed or boiled. And you should take low-fat varieties of meat and fish. It is allowed to eat up to 3 eggs per day in the form of an omelette or salad ingredients. In diabetes, milk and dairy products are limited, especially cottage cheese and sour cream.

The main role in the diet of people with diabetes should be vegetables. They can be eaten both raw and after heat treatment. Only potatoes are subject to restriction - no more than 200 grams per day. Fruits are also allowed, except for the prohibited ones. It is better to take sweets and desserts based on sugar substitutes and cook them better at home. The most useful in diabetes will be the use of tomato juice, which lowers blood glucose levels. In addition, allowed drinks include tea and coffee without sugar, as well as jelly and compote. It is also useful for a person to drink a decoction of wild rose, which normalizes glucose levels.

Prohibited Products


You can not use pepper and spicy mustard.

As for prohibited foods, they include all ingredients that increase glucose and potassium in the blood. These include fatty meats and sausages, all types of smoked, canned or pickled foods. From seasonings, pepper and spicy mustard are not allowed. Doctors with these diagnoses limit fluid intake to avoid overloading the kidneys. Moreover, it includes not only water and tea, but also first courses, ice cream and everything that contains moisture. As for fruits, bananas, sweet varieties of apples, avocados, kiwi and peach are not allowed. Dried fruits and nuts should be consumed with caution. Sweets should be kept to a minimum. As for honey and jam, before use, you need to consult with your doctor.

Renal failure complicates the course of many diseases of the excretory system. The treatment of this condition should be comprehensive and include not only medication, but also the implementation of the doctor's recommendations on lifestyle. And what should be the diet for kidney failure? We will talk about permissible and prohibited foods, as well as the general nutrition scheme in our review.

Who can face this problem

It is important to understand that kidney failure is not a single disease, but a syndrome that has many different causes. The acute form of pathology develops with:

  • violation of blood circulation in the vascular bed caused by heart failure, arrhythmia, shock, etc.;
  • massive death of nephrons (functional units of kidney tissue);
  • pathologies that cause acute violation of the outflow of urine.

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is more often the result of a sluggish pathology of the urinary organs - pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, urolithiasis. Often this condition is diagnosed against the background of diabetes mellitus, rheumatism, gout and other metabolic disorders.

The name of the disease speaks for itself. With renal failure, a violation of all functions of the organs of the urinary system develops:

  • excretory;
  • osmoregulatory;
  • ion-regulating;
  • intrasecretory;
  • metabolic.

A diet for kidney failure can reduce the negative impact of non-excreted metabolic products on the body and reduce the increased burden on the gastrointestinal tract. Proper nutrition "helps" the kidneys to work better and reduces the risk of possible complications.

Fundamentals of clinical nutrition


Specialized nutrition for kidney failure was called the therapeutic diet number 7 (Pevzner table). It is aimed at:

Reducing the amount of protein consumed to 40-60 grams per day In large quantities, the products of protein metabolism in the body have a toxic effect and "load" the kidneys with unnecessary work. Providing a person with all the nutrients This is done mainly due to dairy and vegetable foods rich in fats, carbohydrates and easily digestible protein. Restriction of salt to 1 g / day Salt has the ability to retain water in the vascular bed. Drinking regimen agreed with the doctor Patients with renal insufficiency may have to limit fluid intake to 1.0-1.2 liters per day. Optimal cooking All products are recommended to be consumed boiled, stewed, baked or steamed.

What can you eat with kidney failure? Among the allowed products are:

  • cereals: rice, buckwheat, sago;
  • unleavened bread;
  • light soups in vegetable broth;
  • lean meat (chicken breast, turkey, rabbit, veal);
  • a fish;
  • seasonal vegetables (carrots, beets, potatoes, pumpkins, turnips, tomatoes), greens;
  • eggs (no more than one per day);
  • processed fruit in the form of jam, jam, jelly, mousse, etc.

Prohibited in case of illness:

  • alcohol in any form;
  • strong coffee, tea, cocoa, hot chocolate;
  • overly salty dishes, pickled vegetables;
  • mushrooms;
  • foods rich in saturated fatty acids and trans fats (pork and beef fat, kidneys, brains, tongue and other offal, margarine, cooking oil);
  • vegetables and fruits that cause increased gas formation in the intestines (cabbage, spinach, peas, beans and other legumes, bananas, apricots);
  • canned food and sausages.

Diet for acute kidney failure


The diet for acute renal failure should be aimed at facilitating the work of the excretory system and preventing the development of complications. The situation is complicated by the fact that at an early stage of the disease, patients are usually unconscious and require parenteral nutrition. Then, as vital functions are restored, they can be transferred to a therapeutic diet.

The main principle of nutrition correction in acute renal failure remains the restriction of protein intake to 40-70 g / day. At the same time, the total calorie content of the diet should remain relatively high in order to avoid the destruction of the body's own tissues and increase the load on the kidneys.

This is achieved through complex carbohydrates found in cereals, fruits and vegetables, as well as fats rich in healthy omega-3, 6.

When replenishing the supply of nutrients, vitamins and trace elements, the following are considered especially useful:

  • freshly squeezed juices - apple, cherry, plum, melon;
  • vegetables - potatoes, carrots, cauliflower, beets;
  • fresh greens.

With proper treatment, complete recovery of patients with acute renal failure occurs in 6-24 months. Compliance with the diet during this period is very important for a speedy recovery and normalization of kidney function. In the future, the patient can gradually expand the list of allowed products.

Diet for chronic renal failure


The diet for chronic renal failure should be followed by the patient for life. At the initial stage of the disease, a slight restriction of protein in the diet is expected - up to 1 g / kg of body weight.

  • cereals and bread;
  • vegetables;
  • nuts.

It is important for patients with chronic renal failure to consume enough nutrients, so the calorie content of food should be high. There is no need to severely limit salt, but its amount per day should not exceed 3-4 grams.

The amount of liquid allowed for consumption during the day should be agreed with the attending physician. Standard instructions recommend drinking 500 ml more water than was excreted in the entire previous day in urine.
  • watermelon;
  • apples;
  • pumpkin.

Diet with severe insufficiency of the excretory system becomes more stringent. The amount of protein consumed daily is limited to 20-25 g, and 70-80% of this amount should be easily digestible animal food - lean meat, fish, poultry, eggs. Salt is limited to 3 g / day if there is no edema.

With an increase in symptoms of kidney failure, it is recommended to switch to a completely salt-free diet. So that the food does not seem insipid, you can use spices (except for hot ones - pepper, mustard, horseradish), herbs, herbs, lemon juice.


The daily menu of patients with chronic renal failure may look like this:

Breakfast

  • Boiled potatoes;
  • omelette from one egg;
  • Orange juice.
Lunch
  • natural yogurt with berry puree;
  • mineral water.
Dinner
  • vegetable soup with buckwheat;
  • eggplant, bell pepper and carrot stew;
  • apple jelly.
afternoon tea
  • rye bread with butter;
  • rosehip decoction.
Dinner
  • rice porrige;
  • jam;
  • plum juice.

Diet remains one of the common methods of treating formidable diseases of the urinary system: with kidney failure, it is not difficult to follow it, because its menu is quite diverse, and the calorie content is high. Compliance with medical recommendations significantly improves the patient's prognosis, and reduces the severity of symptoms of pathology.

The kidney removes nitrogenous waste from the body, participates in the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, controls the content of water and microelements in the body. We don't need to think about these processes as long as the kidney is working well. But if kidney failure has appeared, then the protein-energy and water-electrolyte balance has to be maintained with the help of a strict diet. In this article, we will talk about what to eat with kidney failure and which foods should be avoided.

Basic principles of diet for kidney failure

  • Quantity is limited.
  • The content of sodium (salt) in food is reduced.
  • The amount of phosphorus in the diet is reduced.
  • The content of potassium is reduced and strictly monitored.
  • The flow of fluid into the body is regulated.
  • Sufficient energy value of the diet is controlled.

Why is protein limited?

In renal failure, the patient must drastically limit the intake of foods high in protein. This will reduce the burden on the kidneys.

The end products of nitrogen metabolism are toxic, they increase the burden on the kidneys and contribute to the progression of the disease. The kidneys bear the brunt of their excretion and when toxins accumulate in the body, causing headache, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting.
Dietary protein restriction is recommended as early as the first stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The protein content in food is allowed at the rate of 1 g/kg of the patient's ideal body weight.
At the second stage, the allowable rate is 0.8 g / kg, and at the third and subsequent stages - 0.6 g / kg. In fact, this is very small, therefore, in order to avoid exhaustion of the patient, from the third stage, the doctor will recommend that the patient additionally take keto acids (ketosteril, 1 tablet per 5 kg of ideal body weight per day) or amino acids (soy isolate, 0.3 g per kilogram of ideal body weight body per day).

Why is it important to limit salt content?

The exchange of sodium is closely related to the exchange of water. Sodium retention in the body with renal failure leads to water retention, which means it exacerbates hypertension and contributes to the development of edema.
Already at the first stage of CKD, it is recommended to reduce sodium intake to 2.4 g. One gram of table salt contains 0.4 g of sodium. It is worth salting already cooked food, and when calculating the amount of an acceptable dose, one should not forget that sodium is also contained in the products themselves, and not just in the salt shaker. In practice, with a normal diet that does not include, for example, herring or sauerkraut, you can use 3-3.5 g of salt per day for cooking - this is an incomplete teaspoon.

Why limit phosphorus intake?

With renal failure, the excretion of phosphates slows down, the amount of phosphorus in the body increases, the production of parathyroid hormone, which extracts calcium from the bones, is activated, and osteoporosis develops.
Phosphorus enters the body usually with protein foods, so protein restriction in the diet also reduces the intake of phosphorus, however, the phosphate-protein ratio (phosphorus / protein ratio per 100 g of product) can vary significantly: 9 for pork and 65 for processed cheese. It is recommended to give preference to products whose coefficient does not exceed 20, and to feast on others no more than 2 times a week.
Reducing the intake of phosphorus to 0.8-1g/day is recommended from stage 3 of CKD.

Why is the potassium content reduced?

With renal failure, hyperkalemia develops - a dangerous condition that leads to a violation of the heart rhythm up to a sudden cardiac arrest. Another symptom of high potassium levels in the blood is muscle weakness.
To limit the daily intake of potassium begins with stage 3 CKD, the allowable dose is 2-4g / day.
High potassium content in all dried fruits, bananas and avocados, potatoes, greens and nuts, chocolate, wheat bran and sprouts, legumes.


Why is water limited?


To avoid fluid retention in the body, with kidney failure, water intake should be limited.

Patients with renal insufficiency are often thirsty and tend to drink large amounts of fluid, but the kidney is often unable to excrete water adequately, resulting in hypertension and edema.
Starting from the first stage of CKD, it is recommended to limit the total amount of fluid entering the body to 2 liters. Starting from stage 3, the amount of daily urine may decrease, in which case the rule comes into force: you can drink as much as urine was excreted the day before + 400 ml. Urine output should ideally be measured daily, or at least at least twice a week.
If it is difficult to cope with thirst, it is recommended to freeze part of the daily allowance and suck on ice cubes.

How to ensure sufficient energy value of the diet?

Excess weight contributes to the progression of renal failure and exacerbates the tendency to hypertension, but underweight is also unsafe: such patients are more difficult to enter dialysis and have more complications, so the caloric content of the diet for renal failure should be sufficient.
Since proteins are limited in kidney failure, fats and carbohydrates become the main sources of energy. At the same time, excessive consumption of fats raises the level of cholesterol and triglycerides, which, in combination with lipid metabolism disorders caused by kidney failure, can lead to the pathology of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, it is better to rely on vegetable fats - olive, corn, linseed oil.
Foods containing carbohydrates are often banned due to their high potassium content (dried fruits or potatoes, for example). It is necessary to include cereals in the diet, especially rice or corn.
Paradoxically, alcohol comes to the rescue of a CKD patient. With a low nutritional value, it has a high energy potential, so from stage 3, 20 g / day of alcohol for women and 60 for men can be recommended, and wines are preferred.


What to do if there is no appetite, but there is nausea and vomiting?

  • To make meals more frequent, the environment pleasant, and the serving beautiful.
  • Eat dry and solid foods first, and move on to liquid if the nausea does not worsen.
  • Do not drink food, drink one hour before or one hour after a meal.
  • Do not starve, when a feeling of hunger appears, immediately have a snack with something allowed, for example, dry cookies.
  • If you have an unpleasant taste in your mouth, chew gum, or suck on slices of lemon, or rinse your mouth with baking soda.

It is not easy to follow a diet for kidney failure - there are many restrictions, many factors that must be taken into account. But this is one of the most effective ways to slow down the progression of the disease and prevent complications.

Which doctor to contact

For nutritional issues in chronic kidney disease, you should contact a nephrologist. A dietitian can also provide detailed advice.