The ragwort (Senecio) is one of the most unusual, amazing plants from the numerous genus of Compositae Asteraceae (Asteraceae).

The ragwort (senecio), the varieties of which include more than 3,000 different specimens, is attracting more and more attention from modern flower growers. Many species of this plant are completely different from each other, but nevertheless, they belong to the same family and are “blood relatives”.

Basic information about the cross

The variety of senecio species is so wide that it includes succulents, semi-shrubs, herbs, lianas, tree-like shrubs. There are both annuals and perennials.

The area of ​​distribution of the ragwort is also very extensive. South Africa is considered its homeland, but it is found in almost all tropical forests of our planet. In the wild, seneceo also grows in warm regions of Russia.

Despite such a huge number of varieties of ragwort, not many species have been cultivated, mainly these are plants from the succulent genus. They are the most unpretentious and easily take root at home.

Bushes can vary greatly among themselves in the form of stems, rosettes, shoots, leaves, size, color. Some varieties are so different that it's hard to believe that they all belong to the same genus.

On a note! Almost all types of ragwort contain toxic substances in their juice. The shoots and leaves of the flower should never be eaten. Some varieties have berry-like leaves, which may tempt children to taste them. The plant is not recommended to be kept in homes where there are small children and pets.

Varieties of ragwort for home cultivation

Below are cultivated varieties of ragwort (senecio), which can be grown indoors, gardens, greenhouses.

Perennial, evergreen shrub with smooth erect stems, often solitary. Sometimes there are bushes with branched stems. Plant height does not exceed 30-35 cm.

The leaves are cylindrical, pointed at the tips, slightly pubescent. They grow along the entire stem in a spearlike pattern. The color of the leaves is gray, silvery.

The bush blooms with yellow or orange flowers, collected in inflorescences. Haworth's ragwort grows in arid areas, likes sandy soils and does not tolerate cold. In care, he needs the same conditions as for cacti.

This is one of the most popular varieties of ragwort. Liana-like evergreen creeping shrub stretches its stems up to 50-70 cm. Ideal for ampel cultivation.

It has very unusual ball-shaped leaves, about 1 cm in diameter. Located along the entire length of thin stems, such leaves look like beads strung on strings.

Rowley's flowers are also globular, white in color, and their scent is very similar to that of cinnamon.


Herbaceous evergreen undersized shrub has dense branched shoots. The average height of the bushes is 15-20 cm. The leaves are located on the tops of the shoots. They have a cylindrical shape, pointed at the end, about 5 cm long, bluish or silver in color.

When flowering, the bush releases a peduncle, on which white basket inflorescences open.

Rooting ragwort (Senecio radicans)

The view is similar to Senecio Rowley, it has the same creeping shoots, reaching 60-70 cm in length, only the leaves are not round, but slightly pointed, similar to droplets.

The color of the leaves may be green with a grayish tint. Often there are longitudinal single dark green lines on the leaves, which makes the flower even more interesting.

It blooms with white single flowers located at the ends of released peduncles.


Large-tongued ragwort (Senecio macroglossus)

One of the largest shrubs, growing up to 3 meters. Belongs to the succulent family, has creeping, weakly branching stems that become woody over time.

The leaves are petiolate, flat, three-lobed, spear-shaped, 5-8 cm long. The color of the leaves is bright green with yellow spots located along the edges.

It can be grown as an ampelous plant, it is also often planted in open ground along fences, fences, along which it lets its liana-like stems. Needs insulation for the winter.

A variety of senecio also belongs to the succulent type. A perennial tree-like shrub is quite large - up to 3 meters in height. It has a wide erect stem branching at the crown.

At the very top, elongated-elliptical leaves grow, up to 10-12 cm long, pointed at the tips. The color of the stem is brown, the leaves have a bluish-green hue.

It blooms with corymbose small yellow flowers.


The herbaceous perennial shrub has upright single pubescent shoots up to 80-100 cm long. It belongs to the garden type, but can also be grown at home in pots. The leaves are serrated, oblong-lanceolate petiolate, located at the bottom of the stems.

Flowers of bright red and crimson color are located in corymbs of basket inflorescences.


The shrub is tall, can reach 2-3 meters in height. The shoots are covered with thick white velvety pubescence.

The leaves are petiolate, leathery, oval in shape, pubescent along the edges and bordered with a light stripe. Baskets are up to 3 cm wide, corymbose. Reed-shaped flowers, bright yellow.

It is grown mainly in gardens. In winter, the roots must be insulated so that the plant does not die.


Thick ragwort (Senecio crassissimus)

A typical succulent with weakly branching stems reaching up to 30-40 cm in height.

Thick, alternately arranged along the shoot leaves have an oblong shape with pointed tips. Their length reaches 5-7 cm, the color of the leaves is green, with a purple border. The trunk also often has a lilac-purple hue.

It blooms with large yellow flowers on peduncles.

A very peculiar variety of ragwort from the succulent family. It is a long (up to 50 cm) thick, jagged shoots with small thorns.

This species has almost no leaves. More precisely, they are, but located scaly, practically invisible.

The dark green stem is decorated with longitudinal light and dark stripes. It blooms with basket inflorescences, formed in bunches at the very tops of the stems. The color of the flowers is red or orange.


A very interesting and unusual shrub with strongly branching stems, the length of which reaches 40-50 cm. The shoots are thick, rounded, dissected, gray-green or bluish in color.

The leaves are petiolate, dissected three-lobed, dense, the same color as the stems.

Forms baskets with yellow small flowers.


Arrowhead (Senecio scaposus)

Low, rosette type of plant related to succulents. The leaves have a cylindrical-elongated shape up to 10 cm long. The color of young pubescent leaves is bluish-gray. With age, the leaves change color to green.

This type of senecio got its name for a long, arrow-shaped peduncle, at the end of which a bright yellow flower similar to chamomile is formed.

A succulent shrub with straight creeping stiff stems and fleshy medium-sized juicy green obovate leaves. Often grown as an ampelous plant, hanging shoots can reach 50 cm.

Orange flowers bloom on long stalks.


The ragwort plant (senecio), the varieties of which are very numerous, is generally unpretentious. Most species are succulents, which are very easy to care for. Among such an abundance, each grower will find for himself the most liked copy of the ragwort for home cultivation.

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Spicy pickled watermelon is a savory snack for fatty meat. Watermelons and watermelon rinds have been pickled since time immemorial, but the process is laborious and time consuming. According to my recipe, it’s easy to cook pickled watermelon in 10 minutes, and a spicy snack will be ready by the evening. The watermelon marinated with spices and chili is stored in the refrigerator for several days. Be sure to keep the jar in the refrigerator, not only for the sake of preservation - chilled, this snack is just licking your fingers!

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“Each vegetable has its own time”, and each plant has its own optimal time for planting. Anyone who has experienced planting is well aware that the hot season for planting is spring and autumn. This is due to several factors: in spring, the plants have not yet started to grow rapidly, there is no sweltering heat, and precipitation often falls. However, no matter how hard we try, circumstances often develop in such a way that landings have to be carried out at the very height of summer.

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Cucumber is one of the most beloved garden crops of our summer residents. However, not all and not always gardeners manage to get a really good harvest. And although growing cucumbers requires regular attention and care, there is a little secret that will significantly increase their yield. It's about pinching cucumbers. Why, how and when to pinch cucumbers, we will tell in the article. An important point in the cultivation of cucumbers is their formation, or type of growth.

Numerous genus of plants, represented by annuals, biennials, herbaceous perennials, tree-like shrubs, lianas and succulents. Some species are frost-resistant, others are thermophilic, and they are grown only in heated greenhouses and greenhouses. The inflorescences of most ragworts resemble daisies and are usually bright yellow (some species have white, orange, red, purple or blue inflorescences).

Representatives of the genus are found in all parts of the world, with the exception of Antarctica.

S. cineraria (syn. Cinerea maritima) (K. ashy, Seaside Cineraria) Ovate (often lobed)

The gray leaves reach a length of 15 cm and, like the stems, are covered with dense hairs. In cold regions, this evergreen subshrub is best grown as an annual, propagated annually by seeds. Yellow, daisy-like inflorescences up to 2.5 cm in diameter bloom in mid-summer. The species is heat tolerant and grows well in poor soils, but suffers greatly from dampness. The height and diameter of the plant is 50x50 cm.

S. viravira (K. mealy)

Semi-evergreen perennial with leaves up to 7.5 cm long, densely covered with white hairs and dissected into several pairs of narrow segments. In greenhouses, the plant is grown as a small perennial bush, in the open field - as a semi-cold-resistant summer. Small decorative brushes of small, button-like, pale yellow inflorescences bloom in the second half of summer. Plant height and diameter - 75x75 cm.


cultivation

In the open field, crossworts are annuals. Plant them in a sunny spot with well-drained soil after the threat of spring frost has passed.

reproduction

Sow seeds for seedlings in late winter - early spring. Seedlings should be kept in greenhouses. Harden off seedlings before planting outdoors.

This plant is now classified as garden pericallis (Pericallis x hybrida ) . And before (and now too!) It could be found under the name garden ragwort , or bloody (Senecio x hybridus, S. x cruentus), as well as garden cineraria , or bloody(Cineraria x hybrida, C. x cruenta).

Growing conditions and care

A place for a hybrid ragwort is selected illuminated, but the sun's rays should be diffused. In principle, a cold north or east window will do. The plant blooms longer if kept in a cool room where it does not exceed 18 degrees Celsius. At night, it can drop to 10 degrees, such a temperature difference is even welcome. Pericallis calmly withstands temperatures as low as 4 degrees Celsius.

The hybrid ragwort will quickly wither if it dries out, so its soil is kept constantly wet. But at the same time, stagnant water must be avoided. The plant feels better when. Fertilize it is not necessary, also not required. Pericallis for his short life in the room (flowering lasts a month - one and a half) is quite enough for the substrate in which he was sold.

Withered flowers are cut with scissors so that they do not spoil the overall appearance of the plant. Well, when it fades, it is simply thrown away.

Problems and Solutions

Leaves turn pale and wither: with too much direct sun - move the plant from the south or west window to the north or east.

The plant wilts daily: irregular watering causes most of the root ball to become very dry and repel water rather than absorb it. Remove the plant from the pot and put it in a pot of water for half an hour (just wait until the earth absorbs the water and the lump sinks to the bottom). Then move it back to the pot.

Flowers too pale apparently not enough light. Move the plant to a brighter location where it will receive bright, diffused light for at least a few hours a day.

Flowers fade in a couple of days: the plant is clearly hot - move it to a cooler place. Flowers last much longer if the air temperature in the room does not exceed 18 degrees C.

The plant is wilted, even watering does not help:- will have to throw it away.

Small insects on the plant: it’s easier to throw out pericallis than to arrange an insecticidal war with. But they can move to longer-lived plants!

The variety of the Groundsel has up to three thousand varieties, sometimes completely dissimilar to each other. It is one of the largest genera in the Astrov family. There are on an equal footing with annuals and perennial herbs, and trees, and shrub forms.

Each of the existing species fascinates with something inherent only to it. This may be the unusual shape of a succulent leaf, the fluffiness of the stem, the size of the flower basket, the color palette. Unites such different plants uniformity of inflorescences. Regardless of size, formations (single or many) are always represented by a basket, with the possibility of gathering into corymbs or panicles.

Representatives of room content are represented by twenty different types of succulents. Among them are popular and little-known individuals. Individuals so different in appearance, and so identical in care requirements.

Rowley ( Senecio rowleyanus)

Perennial, the most common in room content, stands out for its growth rate. Long shoots with thin threads are able to hang in an ampelous placement, or spread along the ground, covering an impressive surface. Spherical, centimeter at the base and narrowing into a sharp tip, they are arranged like beads on a thread. White flowers with protruding purple pistils gather inflorescences in the form of a basket. During flowering, the smell of cinnamon spreads.


Rawley's ragwort / bloom

Large-tongued ( senecio macroglossus)

This representative has the structure of a creeper, and expresses a resemblance at first glance to an ordinary singing. A distinctive feature is denser and larger leaves on long stems (up to three meters), slightly branched and woody. Leaf plates of a copy form are densely attached to the stem with the help of small petioles.

Flowering occurs in winter, collected in apical or axillary baskets (usually solitary, spherical in the center), small yellow flowers. On the basic version, variegated varieties, with stripes or spots, of white and yellow shades, are of great interest.


Large-tongued ragwort / flowering

Crosswort staple-shaped ( Senecio stapeliiformis)

Herbaceous perennial, a worthy specimen of the succulent genus, resembling a cactus in appearance. Upright shoots are fleshy, have pronounced edges, are subject to branching from the very bottom.

Modified leaves are represented by needles located along the trunk, from the very bottom to the top, in straight rows along the stem faces. The wax coating gives the plant a green, silvery color. Collected from flowers (from orange with pink to bright red tones), baskets of inflorescences look like a carnation flower.


Groundsel stapeliform / flowering

Lemon ( Senecio citriformis)

Perennial, reaching half a meter. Berry leaves look like mini lemons and limes. Deep grey-green color. There is a bluish bloom. Inflorescences like chamomile cream with yellow color.


Groundsel Lemon-shaped

Care

The maintenance of succulent species differs from the care of herbaceous representatives, but not much, and not in many ways. The key to successful cultivation is quite simple rules for supplying moisture, light, maintaining comfortable temperatures, and moderate top dressing. At home, it is easier to maintain a certain regimen than on the open ground. Let's take a closer look at the main points of care.

Watering

The ragwort is one of the most sensitive succulent representatives to excess soil moisture. Bays, abundant moisture are categorically contraindicated for him. Regardless of the season of the year, you should follow the rule: less is better, but more often.

A small amount of water for irrigation better saturates the earthen ball, while leaving no excess in the soil. The frequency of moistening depends on the drying of the upper soil layer. Strict control of the state of the substrate introduces a little difficulty in care (difficulties are basically limited to this).

In the warm seasons of the year, watering is done after a couple of days, from the moment the surface dryness of the soil sets in. The beginning of autumn brings changes to the content regime. Regardless of the weather, the flower is gradually preparing for a dormant period (or it should be prepared artificially).

During adaptation, it is worth increasing the gap between waterings, gradually bringing the earthy coma to complete drying from one moistening to another. In winter, while maintaining the elasticity of the leaves and there are no signs of insufficient moisture, you can not water the plant. Water is used soft, for a long time standing at room temperature.

Lighting

For a permanent habitat, the east or west sides are well suited. Morning and evening direct sunlight will not harm the plant, on the contrary, their entry has a very favorable effect on the saturation of the color, the uniform growth of the shoots.

“Residing” on the southern windows provides for the obligatory presence of the dispersion of daytime messengers of the heavenly body (unlike the morning and evening brothers, they can destroy a pet).

The lack of bright lighting is manifested in the stretching of internodes, stems. Variegated species lose their individuality in color, which leads to a loss of external attractiveness.

Temperature

The ideal temperature regime for the Groundsel is the temporary distinction between spring-summer, autumn-winter. This is due to the presence in the life cycle of a pore of activity and a state of rest. The warm season is characterized by elevated temperature indicators (about twenty-two plus degrees, and the allowable range is at the level of twenty-six). Succulent pets have a negative attitude to sudden temperature changes, but prefer access to fresh air in the form of ventilation.

This feature allows you to “walk a green friend” with external thermal data equal to the room content (summer season). In the cold, you should lower the temperature by a dozen degrees. The impossibility of such a regime adjustment is replaced by additional lighting (at least 10 hours of daylight) and low-volume irrigation as needed. Senecios are capable of adapting to a particular home range.

Humidity

This creation of the plant world is perfect for living in the microclimate of city apartments. Even during the period of increased work of central heating. Of course, it is worth protecting the “tenant” from directed streams of heated air. Tolerance of high humidity eliminates the need to additionally moisten the plant and the surrounding air with regular spraying and water spraying.

The soil

The main requirement for soil composition is good drainage properties. Along the way, acidity (preferably neutral), saturation with substances for plant nutrition should be taken into account. Ready-made soil (from a flower shop) is suitable for succulents and cacti, with the addition of coarse river sand or perlite.

Self-mixing of the substrate is possible. For him, you need leafy earth (two parts) and the same sand (one part). You can add a substrate for orchids (in a crushed state) to the prepared soil in a ratio of one to one. Some species are able to successfully exist in mixed sandy-clay soils. It is important to consider in what soil the young specimens were grown. Habituation is the dominant factor in soil selection.

Transfer

The process of transplanting for Senecio is carried out depending on the need of this enterprise. The level of penetration in the new pot remains what it was before. The bottom of the container is laid out with a rather thick layer of expanded clay (which protects the roots of the plant from possible rotting due to good drainage qualities).

The spring period is the most optimal for carrying out these works. Young cultures, due to the intensity of development, require a more frequent change of capacity and earthen substrate. For them, a transplant once a year is acceptable. Adult plants are content with carrying out this process with an interval of two or three years.

Suitable for the "residence" of the Krestovniks are both ordinary planters and ampelous designs. With ampelous cultivation, several (from five) shoots should be placed together in one vessel. In this way, it will be possible to form a “waterfall of greenery”, because by nature individuals are slightly branched.

Fertilizer

The ward will have to be fed during a period of active growth, and it falls on the spring-summer time interval (from the first spring month and including the last summer month). The frequency of fertilization is one dose every fourteen days. In some cases, it is permissible to increase the interval up to 21 days or a month. Among ready-made fertilizers, one should choose with a reduced concentration of the nitrogen component. These are cactus, and succulent, and orchid directions of produced dressings for representatives of plant diversity.

reproduction

You can get new specimens from the individuals you like in three ways: through sowing seeds, cuttings of apical shoots, layering from creeping and penetrating species. Each of these methods is interesting in its own way.

  • seeds

It is used extremely rarely due to the small number of succulents that bear fruit in room conditions. Only fresh seed is used. Pre-sprouted, sown in several copies in one vessel. Humidification is carried out using a spray gun. When cotyledons appear, they are seated in individual containers with a diameter of five centimeters.

  • cuttings

Pretty simple way. Root formation takes place without additional expenditure of time and effort. The upper part of the shoot (about 10 centimeters) should be deprived of the lower pair, three sheets, dried for a while. It is necessary to plant in individual pots, in sandy soil without moisture, with light spraying.

Having formed roots, individuals are transplanted in a group of two or more pieces into one vessel to form splendor and attractive appearance. For some species, a simple laying on the surface of the soil can be used (as an example, Rowley's ragwort). Roots quickly emerge from stem nodes.

  • layering

It is difficult to imagine a more unpretentious breeding option. Long creeping or drooping stems are placed in a bowl placed next to the mother plant, filled with earth for the succulent. Parts of the shoots pressed to the soil begin to develop their own root system. Rooted lashes are carefully separated from the "mother".

  • Additionally

There are species that give a new representative through the rooting of a leaf cutting. But due to the duration and low success rate, the process is rarely used to obtain a new instance.

Diseases and pests

Succulent crops are very resistant to diseases and pests that are common in home maintenance. Most often, flower health problems occur due to violations of care conditions.

Diseases

  • Powdery mildew - excess nitrogen in the soil. Removal of damaged parts, treatment with a solution of Fundazol (one gram per liter).
  • Gray rot - violation of the rules of care (bad light, waterlogging, cold). Restore the required conditions. Treat with copper chloride.

Leaf damage

  • Brown spots, drying out, falling off - lack of normal soil moisture, dry air, very high ambient temperature.
  • Dry areas on the surface - sunburn.
  • Yellow and brown spotted rashes on the plates - an excess of water in the ground.
  • Scanty, sparse and small foliage - lack of light.
  • Variegated colors turn into monochromatic - low light, or a cramped pot.

Pests

  • Aphid greenhouse pelargonium - destroys young shoots, inflorescences. Requires high humidity, critical insecticide treatment.
  • Spider mite - spoils foliage. Maintain high moisture content in the air, warm shower. Actellik is used in peak form.
  • Mealybugs - suck out juices. Soapy or alcohol solution, in extreme cases, an emulsion of Karbofos.

Useful video

Species cultivated in the open field

Garden varieties require well-lit places with diffused sunlight, fertile soils with good drainage performance. Otherwise, you will have to save the plants from burns and drying out, fight root rot and decay of the lower ground parts of the flowers.

Ash (meadow) ( Senecio praticola)

Perennial up to half a meter. Straight stems, pubescent in a loose cobweb type when young. The leaves are rosette, differently shaped (depending on the location). Umbrella inflorescences consist of a maximum of 9 baskets. Flowers yellow, reed.

seaside ( Cineraria maritima)

Evergreen shrub or shrub. Cultivated as an annual (though perennial). The surface of the leaves is pubescent with a silvery pile. Inflorescences are removed when they appear, due to the low decorative effect. Requires full lighting.


Seaside crosswort

Bloody ( senecio cruentus)

The annual Cineraria Bloody rises by 0.6 meters. Soft fluffy leaves are two-colored: dark green above, red below. The flowers are similar in shape to primroses and daisies. Inflorescences reed baskets are collected in lush brushes. A rich assortment of colors.


Bloody ragwort

Mixed ( senecio confusus)

Perennial liana. Curly lashes under three meters. The foliage is dark green, heart-shaped, veined. Small flower clusters of bright orange heads. Gradually become red.

Jacob (Lugovoy) ( Senecio jacobaea)

Grows perennial or biennial. The stem of this herbaceous representative is erect, with edges and grooves, it is from ⅕ of a part to a full meter in height. The leaves change shape and attachment to the trunk as they move up. A common characteristic feature: the leaves are represented by lyre-shaped pinnate cuts along an oblong ovoid plate. Upper inflorescences of falsely reed flowers of pale or bright yellow shades, collected in a large number of baskets in corymbose panicles.