MUNICIPAL BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

"OBOYAN SECONDARY SCHOOL №1"

Environmental dictation dedicated to the year of ecology - 2017

Exercise 1.

(correct answer - 1 point)

"Ecology" translated from Greek means:

a) "warmth and light";

b) "plants and animals";

c) "the science of home, dwelling";

d) "nature protection".

Photoperiodism is the reaction of living organisms to a change:

a) temperature regime;

b) air humidity;

c) the duration of daylight hours;

d) atmospheric pressure.

The part of nature that surrounds the organism and with which it directly interacts is:

a) area;

b) ecological niche;

c) habitat;

G)environmental factor.

A loose thin layer of the land surface in contact with the air environment, characterized by fertility, is:

a) lithosphere;

b) parent rock;

c) the earth's crust;

d) soil.

The habitat is made up of:

a) predators affecting organisms;

b) light affecting organisms;

c) moisture affecting organisms;

d) animate and inanimate nature affecting organisms.

It has no equal in its ability to inhabit any climatic zone:

a) a sparrow;

b) tiger;

c) a person;

d) bear.

Birds actively mark their territories:

a) excrement;

b) sounds;

c) feathers;

d) nests.

a) dung beetle;

b) louse;

c) gray mouse;

d) locusts.

a) limited living space;

b) an abundant supply of food;

c) the difficulty of spreading from one individual of the host to another;

d) protective reactions of the host organism.

The following pairs of plants cannot be found in one community:

a) medium plantain - caustic buttercup;

b) blueberries - blueberries;

c) cranberry - wild rosemary;

d) cornflower - sphagnum.

In one the natural community with duckweed can be found:

a) a wolf;

b) a lark;

c) frog NS;

d) gopher.

An individual is:

a) biological species;

b) a separate living organism;

c) animal community;

d) a family of living organisms.

Produce organic substances from inorganic:

a) viruses;

b) plants;

c) mushrooms;

d) animals.

Green plants are called the "lungs of the planet" because they:

a) produce starch and cellulose;

b) absorb starch and cellulose;

c) absorb oxygen and produce carbon dioxide;

d) absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

The biological nature of man is manifested:

a) in the use of tools;

b) in articulate speech;

c) in food connections;

d) in submission to the laws of society.

The recreational value of water bodies lies in the fact that they:

a) are used as places of recreation for people;

b) serve to obtain drinking water;

c) are used for watering livestock;

d) are used for irrigation of fields.

Urban growth and development, rural to urban transformation are:

a) agglomeration;

b) urbanization;

c) nationalization;

d) eutrophication.

In large cities, as a rule, the main sources of air pollution are:

a) airplanes;

b) cars;

c) trains;

d) pedestrians.

Acid rain is formed:

a) in the atmosphere;

b) in rivers, seas and oceans;

c) in the earth's crust;

d) in the soil.

The general name of chemicals used in agriculture to kill weeds, pathogenic fungi and insect pests:

a) antibiotics;

b) pesticides;

c) phytoncides;

d) vitamins.

Protection against noise pollution of the environment, as a rule, is carried out by:

a) zoning of the territory of the settlement and the removal of noise sources outside the residential area;

b) organization of a transport network with the passage of highways through residential areas;

c) laying highways on high embankments;

d) cutting down green spaces along the highways.

An animal that can be used as a bioindicator of a reservoir is:

a) water lily;

b) duckweed;

c) caddis flies;

d) earthworm.

The result of uncontrolled spread from other territories was the appearance in the European part of our country:

a) Canadian Elodea;

b) caustic buttercup;

c) three-lobed duckweed;

d) common tansy.

Specially protected natural areas in our country include:

a) park of culture and rest;

b) natural park;

c) children's park;

d) zoological park.

Occupation of a person working with animals in nature reserves:

a) e ger;

b) forester;

c) poacher;

d) inspector.

The limiting factor for urban-dwelling hooded crows could be:

a) the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere;

b) the harvest of spruce seeds;

c) the number of foxes and owls;

d) the number and size of garbage cans.

A competent judgment is:

a) “the city has a bad environment”;

b) “the ecology must be protected”;

c) "in our region, the entire ecology is spoiled";

d) “ecology is the basis of rational nature management”.

Assignment 2

Choose one correct answer from four possible ones and justify in writing why you think this answer is correct (choosing the correct answer - 2 points; justification - from 0 to 2 points; total for the problem - 4 points).

In large cities, attempts have been made to exterminate crows as "harmful" birds. From an environmental point of view, the most effective way to regulate the number of crows is:

a) catching and shooting;

b) breeding of their natural enemies - stray dogs, cats;

c) destruction of nests and clutches;

d) elimination of unauthorized dumps.

Answer:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Forest fires are extremely common. The average annual area of forest fires on Earth is approximately 1% of the forested area. The fire hazard depends on the nature of the forest. For example, in summer in deciduous forests it is much lower than in coniferous ones. This is due to the fact that deciduous forests are characterized by:

a) less dense undergrowth and undergrowth;

b) high content of essential oils in the air;

c) less attendance by tourists, hunters, mushroom pickers;

d) higher air humidity.

Answer:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The development of cities is due to the influence of a wide variety of environmental factors, among which the main ones are NOT:

a)geographical position;

b)hydrogeological and climatic conditions;

v)relief features;

G)species diversity

4. Of meteorological phenomena, the health of the Oboyants is most often negatively influenced by:

a) dry winds;

b) earthquakes;

c) increase and decrease in temperature);

d) floods.

Task number 3

1. These sciences study various types of living things, as well as their relationship with each other and with the environment:

1. History; 2) ecology;

3) ethics;

4) geology;

5) biology;

6) physics.

2. Dangerous atmospheric phenomena include:

1) hail;

2) thunderstorms;

3) thunder;

4) rainbows;

5) rains;

6) winds.

3. The levels of organization of wildlife include:

1) biosphere;

2) noosphere;

3) hydrosphere;

4) atmosphere;

5) lithosphere;

6) ecosystem.

4. Removal in city parks of dead, windbreak, windblown trees, as well as dead wood is carried out in order to:

1) provision of city boiler houses with fuel;

2) providing the local population with fuel;

3) prevention of fires;

4) prevention of plant infectious diseases;

5) improvement of the food supply for carpenter beetles;

6) expansion of habitats of hollow-nesting birds.

5. Of the plants presented, indicators of acidic soils are:

1) common sorrel;

2) sowing alfalfa;

3) common heather;

4) stinging nettle;

5) Sosnovsky's hogweed;

6) creeping wheatgrass.

6. Of the plants presented, indicators of atmospheric air pollution are:

1) the egg capsule is yellow;

2) caustic buttercup;

3) bushy lichen;

4) creeping buttercup;

5) white water lily;

6) foliate lichen.

7. Were destroyed by man:

1) Steller's cows;

2) beavers;

3) dodo;

4) malaria mosquitoes;

5) platypuses;

6) kangaroo.

8. Which of the following plants are included in the Red Book of the Kursk Region:

1) Sosnovsky's hogweed

2) medicinal dandelion

3) big plantain

4) thin-leaved peony

5) meadow bluegrass

6) narrow-leaved feather grass

Answers

Exercise 1.

Choose one correct answer out of four possible

(correct answer - 1 point)

The maximum number of points is 27

Assignment 2

(12 points)

Answer r

In a number of large cities of Russia, attempts have been made to regulate the number of crows: catching with traps, shooting, using pesticides, destroying nests and clutches. As a rule, these expensive measures, not to mention their inhumanity, did not give a tangible effect and, at best, allowed to reduce the number of crows for a while. The main method of control is to reduce the number of unauthorized landfills in urban areas, which are the main sources of food for birds.

Answer r

The higher the air humidity, the lower the likelihood of ignition and fire spread. Deciduous forests are characterized by higher humidity due to the larger area of water evaporation from the leaf surface.

Answer r

since high species diversity is not an ecological factor influencing the development of cities. On the contrary, as a rule, areas of high species diversity, such as tropical forests, are difficult for people and, therefore, for the emergence of cities.

Answer in

Sudden rises and falls in temperature can often lead to various diseases, including colds, as well as discomfort in people with cardiovascular diseases. Such temperature drops are not uncommon, especially in spring and autumn. Dry winds, earthquakes and floods are quite

Assignment 3 (max. 8 points)

Choose two correct answers out of six suggested options (correct answer - 1 point; the correct answer is the choice of both correct options).

2,5

1, 2

1,6

3, 4

1, 3

3,6

1,3

They conduct an All-Russian ecological lesson and dictation.

The purpose of the lesson and the dictation is to increase the interest of students of municipal educational organizations to issues of ecology, environmental safety, conservation and study of biodiversity.

On April 15, within the framework of the Moscow International Education Fair-2017, the All-Russian environmental lesson and dictation was launched. Dozens of Moscow schoolchildren took part in it, and a live Internet broadcast was also organized. From April 15 to April 22, when Earth Day is celebrated, an ecological lesson and dictation will be held in many regions of the Russian Federation. The action was organized by the City Methodological Center together with Rosprirodnadzor. The lesson was opened by the Deputy Minister of Education and Science Kaganov Veniamin Shaevich. The famous saxophonist Igor Mikhailovich Butman and associate professor of the Institute of Biology and Chemistry of the Moscow State Pedagogical University were invited to conduct the lesson, who held a biological quiz for schoolchildren. The text of the dictation itself was read by Ivan Alekseevich Smirnov, holder of the honorary title of Teacher of the Year Moscow -2017. Participants in the lesson and dictation had the opportunity not only to test their knowledge, but also to receive participant certificates.

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As part of the Year of Ecology, on April 17 and 19, 2017, the All-Russian Environmental Dictation was held among students in grades 8-11 (90 students), the purpose of which is to increase the interests of schoolchildren in issues of ecology, environmental safety, conservation and study of diversity.

The All-Russian ecological dictation is organized by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation together with the Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources.

Sample questions and presentation of the Dictation were developed by specialists of the Lomonosov Moscow State University of Biology and contain theoretical and practical environmental issues related to everyday life, including tasks "for quick wits." For example, schoolchildren are asked to compose food chains, to determine in which reserve a particular animal lives, or to answer why it is undesirable to thermally process vegetable oils when cooking. The developed text of the dictation is designed for schoolchildren from grades 5 to 11. You need to solve 25 test tasks. The dictation time is 30-40 minutes.

The dictation does not set the task of directly checking and assessing the level of environmental knowledge of schoolchildren, his questions are interesting, broadening their horizons, and even if the children just get to know them and think about environmental problems, it can be considered that a good result has been achieved.

Option 1

What is an area? What is pollution? Continue one of the laws of B. Commoner: For everything ... Acid rain is ... Forest is ... What is called waste? The steppe is ... Fungicides are ... Ecological balance is ... Soil erosion is ...

1. Which plant has long been a symbol of obsession?

2. What herbaceous forest plant with small white star-shaped flowers can easily identify rain?
What famous plant of our forests received such names: "north", "northern lemon"?

3. To which of the famous plants in our forests does the following description fit? A mighty, thick, brownish trunk covered with deep wrinkles. Thick, curved, gnarled branches, like muscular arms, lift up a wide tent of foliage. Leaves with a sharply defined outline, straight and hard, as if carved from tin.

4. People say about this feathered forecaster: "Her lower back aches - it will rain"

5. Who is depicted on the emblem of the State Natural Reserve "Ussuriysky" named after ?

6. Who is depicted on the emblem of the Black Lands State Nature Reserve?

7. What is depicted on the emblem of the Barguzin State Natural Biosphere Reserve?

8. What is depicted on the emblem of the Khingan State Nature Reserve?

9. What is depicted on the emblem of the Baikal State Nature Biosphere Reserve?

Problem 1. One of the firms at one time was engaged in the supply of real apples with the customer's emblem for various banks and companies. Emblems and trademarks consisted of outlined green patches on the intact skins of bright red or yellow apples. Describe the way in which this was done. Can you explain the possible mechanism of "making" such apples?

Task 2. In what type of forest is the most dust trapped per year?

Task 3. Scientists in the course of their research drew attention to this pattern. In the air of a coniferous forest, there are 2 times less bacteria than in a deciduous forest, and in a eucalyptus forest there are even fewer bacteria than in a coniferous forest. How can you explain the different content of bacteria in different plant communities?

Problem 4. 1 kg of fresh leaves of different plants contains different amounts of chlorophyll. Plantain - 1.8 g; for aspidistra - 4 g. Determine which of these plants is light-loving and which is shade-tolerant.

Problem 5. There is a legend about how to the Valley of Diamonds near Golconda in the IV century BC. NS. the soldiers of Alexander the Great approached. But the cherished place was guarded by poisonous snakes, and it was impossible to go down there. Then the commander ordered to throw down the pieces of fatty meat. The diamonds stuck to them, and the tamed eagles, gliding down, grabbed them and laid them at the feet of the king of Macedonia. What could be a mistake here?

All-Russian ecological dictation

Option 2

What is a natural monument? Autotrophs are ... Benthos is ... Ecosystem is ... Household pollution is ... Continue B. Commoner's law - Everything is needed ... Carcinogens are ... National Park is ... Unconventional energy is ... Nature protection is ...

In the month of May appear: not a fish, not a cancer, not an animal, not a bird, not a man. The nose is long, the voice is thin; flies - shouts, sits - is silent. Whoever kills him will shed his blood? The leaves of which trees turn red in the fall? What flowers are human names? What flower is home to small insects in inclement weather and at night? Which region of Russia is rich in forest?

6. What is depicted on the emblem of the Wrangel Island State Nature Reserve?

7. What is depicted on the emblem of the State Natural Biosphere Reserve "Bryansk Les"?

8. What is depicted on the emblem of the Caucasian State Natural Biosphere Reserve?

9. What is depicted on the emblem of the Kronotsky State Nature Biosphere Reserve?

10. What is depicted on the emblem of the Vishera State Nature Reserve?

Problem 1. Woodpeckers often severely damage the wooden poles of power lines, and some poles are very popular with birds. What are the reasons why woodpeckers may tend to peck at the pole.

Prompt. Woodpeckers are known to feed on insects. In addition, the ringing knock on the tree trunk serves as a signal to attract the female.

Problem 2. A flying cuckoo can easily be confused with a sparrowhawk: it has similar coloration, body size and flight pattern. What does this mean in the life of a cuckoo?

Problem 3. At the moment of a strong shock, the hazel grouse (for example, if it is attacked by a hawk) abundantly fall out feathers. How can this be explained?

Problem 4. In frosty weather, there are noticeably fewer birds in the air. It would seem that it should be the other way around: the work of the muscles increases the heat production, and the birds should strive to fly more. Why do birds often sit in cold weather, and sit ruffled?

Problem 5. Why is the forest called the ambassador of the atmosphere?

From April 15 (Day of Environmental Knowledge) to April 22 (World Earth Day), an All-Russian environmental lesson and environmental dictation were held in educational organizations of the Buturlinsky municipal district as part of the Year of Ecology.
Organizers: Ministry of Education and Science of Russia in cooperation with Rosprirodnadzor.
Lessons and dictation were conducted with the aim of increasing the interest of schoolchildren in issues of ecology, ecological safety, conservation and study of biodiversity.
In the schools of the district, 40 lessons of various forms were held: an ecological lesson-journey, an ecological lesson-workshop, a lesson-presentation, contests, games, tournaments, a "virtual" excursion, labor landings, quizzes, an integrated lesson-performance, an hour of communication with elements of a quiz, lesson - conversation, lesson-research, poetic matinee, library ecological lesson, classes with elements of training, class hours, actions, in which 987 students took part.
Environmental lessons were conducted using methodological recommendations and multimedia presentations.
Students at the environmental lesson "Freedom from Waste" learned about what the waste problem is and why its solution is relevant today; found out what are the causes and possible consequences of this problem; learned about the three main ways of handling waste: burial, incineration, recycling. In an educational and playful way, they found out all the disadvantages and advantages of recycling. At the end of the lesson, the students have made a list of actions they are willing to take to help solve the waste problem in their home and communities. Each student received a Green Agent Certificate as a souvenir.
At the ecological lesson - presentation, the children were presented with information about the ecological state of the Earth, the slides show the factors that negatively affect the ecological state of nature. During the lesson, the teachers, together with the students, discussed environmental problems: air pollution, water pollution, forests. The guys shared their opinion about what kind of help they can provide in order to preserve nature for future generations.
The schoolchildren made a "virtual" excursion to the "Kerzhensky Reserve", the children got acquainted with the history of the creation of an OPT in our country. In a playful way, we found out what natural objects are on the territory of the reserve.
An ecological lesson-journey "Territory of life" was conducted for students of 6-7 grades. The guys virtually visited specially protected areas (reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, etc.). We watched a presentation about the Buturlinsky nature reserve.
At the beginning of the ecological lesson - the "Collect and Divide" workshop, the guys, working with handouts, came to the conclusion that the problem of garbage is becoming more acute for humanity every day. Then the guys were divided into groups, each group received tasks with three ways of handling waste and cards with advantages and disadvantages, which had to be equally divided between them. After distributing the card, the guys weighed all the pros and cons of garbage disposal. And we chose the best way to handle waste.
For younger schoolchildren, environmental lessons were organized and conducted - class hours: "Life of a small twig", "Ecological assorted", "Take care of the forest and its inhabitants", at which students defended their mini - projects of ecological orientation, made a trip to the natural world, learned, what role does a person play in nature conservation. The children prepared for the lesson their small presentations on respect for nature, proverbs about the forest, drew pictures, decorated an exhibition of books about nature, listened to the voices of birds.
Students of 5-9 special (correctional) classes took part in the ecological quiz "Animals of the Nizhny Novgorod Region", they got acquainted with the animals of their native land, watched the video "The World of Animals".
The ecology specialist told the children about the ecological situation in the region, about the protected areas of their native land.
The guys took an active part in competitions: "Forest Pharmacy", "Weather Bureau", "Flower Kaleidoscope", "Erudite". They made and wrote down the rules of behavior in nature. We completed the collective collage "Take care of nature", where children wrote on their palms: "What can they do to preserve our planet Earth."
Participants of the children's public association prepared an ecological poster and leaflets, held a school action "Let's Save Our Nature".
The waste paper collection campaign "Hand over the waste paper - save the tree!" Collected 266 kg.
Organized a book exhibition "Great Singers of Nature" dedicated to works about nature; a library ecological lesson "What does the Red Book talk about?"
An ecological dictation was held in all educational institutions, in which 316 schoolchildren took part.
Information about the environmental lesson and environmental dictation is posted in the news section of school websites, as well as on the website of the Department of Education, Youth Policy and Sports of the Administration of the Buturlinsky Municipal District website
S.O. Salapova, and .O. Director of MKU IMC