13 week. Topic: “Publicistic style and its features. Functions of the journalistic style. Style-forming features. Language Means Forming Publicistic Style ”.

Target: Formation among students of the concept of the journalistic style of speech.

Upon completion of the lesson, the student should be able to:

1.distinguish between literary and non-literary styles of speech;

2. to highlight the texts of the journalistic style according to their characteristic features;

3. to allocate language means characteristic of the journalistic style;

4. use journalistic texts in accordance with the communicative situation;

5. use the words of the glossary in the process of professional communication.

The word journalism comes from lat. publicus- public.

The main goal of the journalistic style is informing, conveying socially significant information, influencing the reader, listener, convincing him of something, instilling in him certain ideas, prompting him to take certain actions. Serves a wide range of public relations: political, economic, cultural, sports, everyday life, is used in socio-political literature, periodicals (newspapers, magazines), radio and television broadcasts, documentaries, some types of oratory (for example, in political eloquence ).

Exercise 1... Make up as many phrases as possible with the words "public" and "public".

Example: public speech, public library, grateful audience.

Functions of the journalistic style

- Information... The main task of a journalistic text is to communicate new, relevant information.


- Expressive... Most genres of journalistic style have the goal of influencing the listener or reader.

Task 2. Read the text. Determine what function of the journalistic style is reflected in it. Illustrate your answer with specific examples from the text.

Dog is a friend of the Internet

Today mail is associated not with envelopes and stamps, but with a dog and a dot. The character is used in an e-mail address as a separator between the username and the hostname (the computers on which their mailboxes are located).

The modern name for the symbol is "commercial at". It came from the recording of calculations. For example, "7 widgets @ $ 2 each = $ 14", which translates as "7 pieces at $ 2 = $ 14". This symbol was used in business papers, it was on typewriters, and then it was transferred to the computer keyboard.

When Tomlinson's email creator was asked why he chose the symbol @ , he explained it simply: "I was looking on the keyboard for a character that could not occur in any name and cause confusion." The first network address was [email protected]

Why Russian-speaking users most often name a symbol @ exactly "dog"? First, the badge really looks like a curled up dog. Secondly, the staccato sound of the English "at" is a bit like a dog barking. This symbol is also called a frog, bun, ear, ram ...

Made in Germany and Poland sign @ - this is "monkey's tail", "monkey ear", "clip", "monkey", in America and Finland - "cat", in China and Taiwan - "mouse", in Turkey - "rosette", in Serbia - " crazy A ", in Vietnam -" crooked A ". But the disciplined Japanese use the English "attomark". (According to I. Rinev)

Assignment 3... Pay attention to the words "associate", "commercial", "electronic", "Russian", "disciplined". Explain why the doubled consonant is written in them.

Assignment 4... Search work. Find information about other signs and symbols used on the Internet (ampersand, octotorp, etc.). Prepare a short publicistic speech about these signs.

The journalistic style is characterized by the following features:

O Accuracy and reliability

O Specificity

O Passion, appeal

O General availability

O Imagery

O Emotionality

Task 5. Explain how each feature appears in a nonfiction text. For example, take a magazine article on a topic that interests you.

Linguistic features of the journalistic style of speech

Lexical means

O Social and political vocabulary: democracy, election campaign, rally, progressive, political party

O Terms (science, art, sports, military affairs): arena of political struggle, information technology, dialogue between countries, innovative discoveries

O Speech stereotypes (clichés): according to informed sources, the age of communication, the era of the Internet.

O Neologisms: modified, tablet, gadget, newsmaker.

Morphological and derivational means

Active use of international prefixes: anti-, counter-, neo-, pseudo-, ultra-, etc.: ultramodern, anti-globalist, pseudo-art.

Words with suffixes -ost, -stv, -eni, international suffixes - qi (i), isatsh (i), - ist, - ism, - ant: humanism, informatization, modernization.


Nouns with a collective meaning: humanity, students.

Imperative forms of verbs expressing a call for joint action: must start, update, we will continue.

Syntactic tools

O Rhetorical questions: Who is the hero of our time? With this question, we turned to our viewers.

O Repetitions: We often don’t even know all the capabilities of our gadgets, we don’t know and we don’t want to find out.

O Exclamation Clauses: What a wonderful world opens up before a person who first "cognized" the Internet!

O Appeals: Dear listeners! Today we will talk about new products in the field of IT technologies.

Assignment 6... Read the text. Note the features of the journalistic style. Find all the linguistic means characteristic of the journalistic style.

Make up questions for the text. When drafting questions, pay special attention to neologisms associated with technology.

Rewrite the text so that it is in the form of an interview (or multiple interviews with different people). You can add additional information or use only what is given in the text.

InterDa or Internet?

The first Millennium Technology award in human history went to Tim Berners Lee, the inventor of the Internet.

While working in the 80s of the XX century at the European Center for Nuclear Research, Berners Lee invented and implemented a method called hypertext. This method formed the basis for the transmission of information over a computer network.

In the fall of 1990, the world's first Internet server and Internet browser appeared - thus the “documented universe” was born, which many scientists of the 20th century dreamed of.

Unfortunately, the World Wide Web has long turned into a global trash heap. Here you can find everything - porn sites, information about drugs and explosive devices, etc. You can insult anyone on the page of the Internet forum as you like and not bear any responsibility for it. Here it is no longer possible to distinguish truth from falsehood. “Now the anonymity of the Internet borders on chaos,” says Eugene Kaspersky, an anti-virus software developer. - The absence of rules of conduct, supervisory bodies resembles the situation on the roads, where there are no rules, signs, driver's licenses, numbers. Moreover, even if 99% of users behave correctly, 1% of hooligans will be able to disrupt the operation of the entire Network. "

The way out can be found either in the modernization of the Internet, or in the creation of Internet-2, parallel and reliably protected. After all, it is a great misconception that the World Wide Web is anonymous. A person goes online - and all his movements are recorded by the provider. This means that this information can be used to organize a new World Wide Web, to identify each user (something like a driver's license).

However, according to Kaspersky, the Internet - in the form in which it exists now - is living out its last years. There are already viruses that can "kill" him in a matter of hours. For the time being, they were simply not allowed out of the narrow circle of specialists.

If hackers make a global attack on the Network and deduce
if several superservers fail (this is the basis of the Internet - there are only a little more than ten of them), then the World Wide Web will be torn apart. And users from different regions simply won't be able to contact each other. And then we go back to the old means
communications - mail, telephone and telegraph. Probably, we will also remember the books on the shelves ... Is this really possible? (According to D. Pisarenko)

Glossary

Hypertext

ISP

Task 7. Choose 20 words typical of the journalistic style from the newspaper. Ten words should have a positive-evaluative coloration, the rest must have a negative-evaluative coloration. Words should be given as part of sentences.

For example: Thanks to its compact size and battery power, the digital pen is - excellent companion for the graphic artist or designer, for anyone who loves to draw and paint in their free time.

Task 8. Choose from newspaper and magazine texts at least 10 journalistic stable phrases. Show on their example the positive-evaluative and negative-evaluative coloration in journalistic contexts.

For example:

Collocations with a positive-evaluative coloration: The world of digital technologies vigorously developing in various directions: computer, digital, household. Collocations that have a negative-evaluative coloration: Today, Internet providers are not trying to stick each other in the wheels as this market is practically free.

Assignment 9... Rewrite the text with missing punctuation marks. Pay special attention to sentences with direct speech. Underline in the text the words referring to social processes and phenomena; explain the meaning of these words. Write down the abbreviations from the text and decipher their meaning.

At the VII Eurasian Media Forum held in Almaty at the session "The Role of Mass Media in a Bilingual and Multicultural Society" one of the speakers - the former Minister of Culture and Information of Kazakhstan - Yermukhamet Yertysbayev noted modernization - bilingualism played a major role. Now in Kazakhstan there are 463 newspapers in the Kazakh language, 874 in Russian - much more. The Russian language dominates because it is one of the six world languages ​​and no one in Kazakhstan sets the task of infringing on and reducing its influence ... By the way, Kazakhstan is the only country in the world, in my opinion, where from the state budget we finance newspapers published in German, Korean, Ukrainian and Uyghur languages.

Radik Vatyrshin, Chairman of the Mir TV and Radio Company said In the countries of the former Soviet Union there is a common media market ... A single Russian language in our common information space is not a disadvantage, but a competitive advantage.

Another problem that unites the former Soviet republics is the fight against extremism, terrorism, cross-border crime and drug trafficking. added This opposition to the world's evil is one of the really operating mechanisms. And if it were not for the CIS instrument and a whole series of signed agreements on the fight against terrorism, many issues would be resolved much more difficult, the Foreign Minister is sure.

Valery Ruzin, vice-president of the Eurasian Academy of Television and Radio, said the Media Forum is a significant phenomenon. For many journalists, not only Russian, but also from non-CIS countries, it has become a visiting card of Kazakhstan. Because here, as a rule, topical interesting controversial issues are discussed and in the struggle of opinions, points of view collide very interestingly.

(Based on materials from the shopping and entertainment center "Khabar")

Stylistic features of the journalistic style

Stylistically colored vocabulary is lexical units (unambiguous words or separate meanings of polysemantic words), characterized by the ability to evoke a special stylistic impression out of context. This feature is due to the fact that the meaning of these words contains not only subject-logical (information about the designated subject) information, but also additional (non-objective) - connotations. Non-objective information reflects the expressiveness of the text, emotionality expressed in lexical units, not only expressive-emotional connotations are expressed, the influence of extralinguistic factors is reflected, such as: the sphere of communication, the specificity of the functional style, genre, form and content of speech, the author's attitude to the subject speech, the unspoken relationship between the writer and the reader. Also, the historically formed characteristics of the self are an unobjective message.

Among the stylistically colored vocabulary, a special place belongs to the vocabulary of book vocabulary. As a rule, these are words that have a solemn, rhetorical or poetic connotation. Book vocabulary involves its application not only in the field of colloquial speech.

This lexical layer includes:

General book words,

Abstract concepts,

Chancery,

High vocabulary (archaisms, obsolete words, old Slavicisms, poetic vocabulary)

Terms.

The stylistic coloring of journalistic texts differs from each other depending on the peculiarities of the culture of the country in which they are published and the peculiarities of its language.

So, for the English and American press, the following features are basic:

1. Conversational familiar character.

English and American journalism is characterized by the use of colloquial expressions in texts that are serious in terms of information content.

For example, in English journalism, famous people in high government positions are called by their first names: Bob Kennedy (Robert Kennedy), their surnames are abbreviated: Mac (Macmillan). etc.

This freedom of form is familiar to English-speaking readers and does not make an offensive impression. From the point of view of the Russian reader, such familiarity is unusual and may seem offensive, inappropriate. This impression is created, since the stylistic coloring characteristic of Russian journalism is violated.

2. The use of jargon, paraphrase, etc.

The second characteristic feature of the type of speech under consideration is manifested in the desire of English-speaking authors to use jargon, paraphrase and other techniques, one might say, of low styles of speech in a dry message. This trait is due to the breadth and diversity of the audience of readers.

3. Formality of titles and appeals.

Also, despite the abundance of familiar colloquial coloring in many materials of the genre under consideration, some opposite tendencies are noted. In informational and descriptive English and American materials, the title of the politician is always indicated. This is done even with a critical coloring of information. If the title or position of the political person is not mentioned, the abbreviation Mr (Mister) or Mrs. is always used before the surname. (Mistress). However, it should be noted that this feature does not express the respectful attitude of the author of the article to the persons mentioned.

4. A special way of highlighting paragraphs.

It should be noted that English-language journalistic texts are characterized by frequent paragraphs. Researchers attribute this to technical reasons. However, paragraphs are semantically related to each other and can often refer to the same subject under discussion, personality, circumstance, etc.

5. Etymological features.

From this point of view, the texts are characterized by abundance of international words, there is a tendency towards innovations, which, however, turn into cliches: vital issue, tree world, pillar of society.

6. Genre variety.

As mentioned above, journalism, along with book vocabulary, is characterized by an abundance of terminology, expressive vocabulary, often archaisms and other types characteristic of other genres. This is the most characteristic feature of this style, therefore we consider it necessary to consider it in more detail.

In the sphere of phraseology, newspaper style is characterized by the wide use of clichés: introductory phrases that indicate the source of the message; stable combinations that have lost their imagery); political clichés and cliches.

All this endows even the banal content of the text with profundity, which, fulfilling one of the tasks of journalism, concentrates the reader's attention, makes him think about what he has read.

Many researchers of the newspaper style also note an abundance of direct speech quotes and a developed system of various ways of transmitting someone else's speech.

Newspaper news reports often contain ambiguous terms, synonymous terms, abbreviated terms and names. The same term can acquire a different meaning depending on the semantic direction of the text in which it is used.

Conclusions on the first chapter

After analyzing the theoretical material on the topic under consideration, we can say that the functional style of speech is a type of literary language; it took shape in the language during the development of all spheres of the life of its speakers. But, despite the established structure, the lexical and stylistic content of speech genres takes place. This is due to the interaction of languages ​​with each other and the contact of various spheres of life of their speakers. Thus, the functional style is the structure of linguistic and speech means used in various areas of life.

Separately, we examined the journalistic style of speech - a functional genre used mainly in the media.

So, having analyzed the lexical and stylistic features of a journalistic text, we can draw the following conclusions. The genre of journalism is aimed at performing the following functions:

Informational;

Effective.

In view of this and the wide audience, the variety of review topics, the vocabulary of this speech genre is extremely rich and varied. The vocabulary of this functional style can be divided into 3 layers:

1. Social and political vocabulary.

2. Assessment vocabulary.

3. Non-judgmental vocabulary, divided into the following groups:

1) words meaning time and place ("information" words);

2) marching words.

Stylistic features of journalism:

1. The material of this genre is colloquially familiar.

2. It is characterized by the use of jargon, paraphrases, etc.

3. The official character of titles and appeals is noted.

4. Also noteworthy is the special way of highlighting paragraphs.

5. From the point of view of etymology, researchers note the abundance of international words, borrowings, as well as the desire for innovation.

6. Publicistic texts often use vocabulary typical for other genres of speech.

The journalistic style is called the official style of the media (mass media), including -, reports, notes, interviews, etc. This style is more often used in written speech, less often in oral forms of the same reports or public speeches of political and public figures ...

Examples of journalistic style:,.

The common features of this style are:

  • emotionality and imagery of speech - to create the necessary atmosphere;
  • evaluativeness and confidence - for interest;
  • the logic of presentation based on irrefutable facts - to make the speech authentic and informative;
  • calling readers (listeners) to action and general availability;
  • easy and intelligible presentation.

We will talk about which language tools should not be used when working on a book in the corresponding article.

Stay tuned!

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Journalistic style

Plan

I ... Introduction.

II ... Journalistic style.

3. Genres of journalism.

III ... Conclusion

I ... Introduction

The Russian language is heterogeneous in its composition. First of all, the literary language stands out in it. This is the highest form of the national language, determined by a whole system of norms. They cover its written and oral variety: pronunciation, vocabulary, word formation, grammar.

The literary language, depending on where and for what it is used, is divided into a number of styles.

Speech styles

Conversational Bookstore

(scientific, official-business,

journalistic style

fiction)

The styles of the Russian literary language are characterized by:

    the purpose that is pursued by speech expression (the scientific style is used to communicate scientific information, explain scientific facts; publicistic - to influence by word through the media and directly by the speaker; official business - to inform);

    scope of use, setting;

    genres;

    linguistic (lexical, syntactic) means;

    other styling features.

II ... Journalistic style

1. Characteristics of the journalistic style.

Journalistic style addressed to listeners, readers, this is already indicated by the origin of the word (publicus , lat. - public).

The journalistic style of speech is a functional variety of the literary language and is widely used in various spheres of public life: in newspapers and magazines, on television and radio, in public political speeches, in the activities of parties and public associations. To this should be added political literature for the general reader and documentary films.

The journalistic style occupies a special place in the system of styles of the literary language, since in many cases it must process texts created within the framework of other styles. Scientific and business speech is focused on the intellectual reflection of reality, artistic speech - on its emotional reflection. Publicism plays a special role - it seeks to satisfy both intellectual and aesthetic needs. The outstanding French linguist Charles Balli wrote that "the scientific language is the language of ideas, and artistic speech is the language of feelings." To this we can add that journalism is the language of both thoughts and feelings. The importance of topics covered by the media requires thorough reflection and appropriate means of logical presentation of thought, and the expression of the author's attitude to events impossible without using the emotional means of language.

2. Features of journalistic style.

Sphere of use of journalistic style : speeches, reports, disputes, articles on social and political topics (newspapers, magazines, radio, television).

The main function of works of journalistic style: agitation, propaganda, discussion of pressing social, public issues with the aim of attracting public opinion to them, influencing people, convincing them, instilling certain ideas; motivation for certain actions, actions.

Publicistic style speech objectives : transmission of information about topical issues of modern life with the aim of influencing people, shaping public opinion.

Characteristics of the utterance : appeal, passion, expression of attitude to the subject of speech, laconism with informative richness.

Features of the journalistic style : relevance, timeliness, efficiency, imagery, expressiveness, clarity and consistency, information richness, the use of means of other styles (especially artistic and scientific), general accessibility (comprehensibility for a wide audience), inviting pathos.

Publicistic genres : essays, articles in the media (newspapers, magazines, on the Internet), discussions, political debates.

Style features : consistency, imagery, emotionality, evaluativeness, genre diversity.

Language tools : social and political vocabulary and phraseology, words with an underlined positive or negative meaning, proverbs, sayings, quotations, pictorial and expressive means of language (metaphors, epithets, comparisons, inversions, etc.), syntactic constructions of book and colloquial speech, simple (complete and incomplete) sentences, rhetorical questions, appeals.

Form and type of speech: written (oral is also possible); monologue, dialogue, polylogue.

3. Genres of journalism.

Publicism is rooted in antiquity. Many biblical texts, the works of ancient scholars and orators that have survived to this day, are permeated with publicistic pathos. In the literature of Ancient Russia, there were genres of journalism. A striking example of a work of journalism of ancient Russian literature "-" The Lay of Igor's Campaign "(genre of journalism - a word). Over the millennia, journalism has developed in many ways, including genre.

The genre repertoire of modern journalism is also diverse, not inferior to fiction. Here is a reportage, and notes, and newsreels, and interviews, and an editorial, and a report, and an essay, and a feuilleton, and a review, and other genres.

1) Essay as a genre of journalism.

One of the common genres of journalism is the essay.Feature article - a small literary work, a short description of life events (usually socially significant). Distinguish between documentary, journalistic, everyday essays.

There are small essays published in newspapers, and significant in volume published in magazines, and whole essay books.

A characteristic feature of the essay is the documentary nature, the reliability of the facts, events in question. In the essay, as in a work of art, visual means are used, an element of artistic typification is introduced.

The essay, like other genres of journalism, always raises some important problem.

2) Oral presentation as a genre of journalism.

Oral presentation also belongs to the journalistic genre.

An important distinguishing feature of an oral presentation is the speaker's interest - a guarantee that your speech will arouse the reciprocal interest of the audience. Oral presentation should not be protracted: the listeners' attention after 5-10 minutes becomes dull. The speaker's speech should contain one main idea that the author wants to convey to the audience. In such a speech, colloquial expressions, the active use of oratorical speech techniques are permissible: rhetorical questions, addresses, exclamations, a simpler syntax compared to written speech.

It is important to prepare such a speech: think over a plan, pick up arguments, examples, conclusions, so as not to read "from a piece of paper", but to convince the audience. If a person owns the subject of his speech, has his own point of view, proves it, this arouses respect, interest, and hence the attention of the audience.

3) Report as a genre of journalism.

The most difficult form of oral presentation isreport ... In this case, you can use the previously prepared notes, but do not abuse reading, otherwise the speaker will stop listening. The report usually concerns any area of ​​knowledge: it can be a scientific report, a report-report. The report needs clarity, consistency, evidence, accessibility. In the course of the lecture, you can read out vivid quotes, demonstrate graphs, tables, illustrations (they should be clearly visible to the audience).

4) Discussion as a genre of journalism.

The report can be a starting pointdebate , that is, discussion of any controversial issue. It is important to clearly define the subject of the discussion. Otherwise, it is doomed to failure: each participant in the dispute will talk about his own. It is necessary to argue reasonably, to give convincing arguments.

III ... Conclusion

Publicistic style is a very important style, with the help of it you can convey what cannot be conveyed by other styles of speech.Among the main linguistic features of the journalistic style, one should name the fundamental heterogeneity of stylistic means; the use of special terminology and emotionally colored vocabulary, a combination of standard and expressive language means, the use of both abstract and concrete vocabulary. An important feature of journalism is the use of the most typical ways of presenting material for a given moment in public life, the most frequent lexical units, phraseological units characteristic of a given time and metaphorical uses of the word. The relevance of the content makes the journalist look for the actual forms of its expression, generally understandable and at the same time distinguished by freshness and novelty.Publicism is the main sphere of origin and the most active channel for the dissemination of linguistic neologisms: lexical, word-formation, phraseological. Therefore, this style has a significant impact on the development of language norms.

References

1. A.I. Vlasenkov, L.M. Rybchenkova. Russian language. 10-11 grades. Textbook for educational institutions. A basic level of. M., "Education", 2010.

2. V.F. Grekov, S.E. Kryuchkov, L.A. Cheshko. Russian language. 10-11 grades. Textbook for educational institutions. M., "Education", 2010.

3. Deykina A.D., Pakhnova T.M. Russian language (basic and specialized levels).10-11 grades. Textbook for educational institutions. M.Verboom-M, 2005

4. N.A. Senin. Russian language. Preparation for the exam-2012. Rostov-on-Don, "Legion", 2011

At the morphological level, there are relatively few journalistic means. Here, first of all, one can note the stylistically significant morphological forms of various parts of speech. For example, the publicistic style is characterized by the use of the singular noun in the plural sense: the Russian person has always been distinguished by his intelligence and endurance; it proved ruinous for the British taxpayer and under.

A particular feature of the journalistic style is the use of uncountable plural nouns: conversations, freedoms, moods, circles, searches, etc. In some genres of journalism, nouns are used in the plural and special meaning. For example, the noun power is used in the meaning of ‘a set of persons vested with supreme powers’ (city authorities), freedom - with the meaning of concretization (political freedom).

The frequency of the imperative forms of the verb can also be attributed to the features of the journalistic style. They are a style-forming feature in appeals, appeals: People of the planet, get up, boldly go forward! Assert social justice !; Dear Readers! Send your suggestions, wishes and tasks to the editorial office.

The imperative mood of the verb is also used as a means of activating the interlocutor's attention: look, let's think about it, don't miss, etc.: Remember what the president said a few days ago ... Fly by Aeroflot, a?

Found in the journalistic style, although rarely, rhetorically sublime forms of nouns of the 3rd declension of the singular in the instrumental case: power, life, blood, and so on. (cf .: power, life, blood). The participial formations on -ome (driven, drawn, carried, etc.) are also considered to be publicistically colored.

The morphological features of the journalistic style lie in the sphere of statistical regularities, that is, there are certain forms that are more often used in this particular style and therefore become its "morphological feature". For example, according to research by B. N. Golovin, the frequency of the genitive case in the journalistic style is extremely high - 36% (in the style of fiction - 13%). These are such uses as pluralism of opinions, time for change, minister of trade, holding a conference, rejecting military force, package of proposals, price reform, getting out of the economic crisis. The study of the frequency of the use of verb tense forms shows that the present and past tense is characteristic of the journalistic style. Moreover, in the use of forms of the present, this style occupies an intermediate position between scientific and official business. Obviously, this is due to the fact that journalism emphasizes the “momentary” nature of the events described, and therefore the present time is used: on April 3, the visit of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland to Minsk begins; The concert season opens in two weeks; Writer Viktor Astafiev does not like noisy cities and lives as a recluse in his native village Ovsyanka near Krasnoyarsk (from the newspapers).

The form of the past tense here is more frequent in comparison with official business and scientific speech and less frequent than in the language of fiction: The current theatrical season at the Dresden State Opera has ended with great success. Half a million Dresden residents, guests of this beautiful city from dozens of countries around the world, have been able to attend opera and ballet performances during this time; Events unfolded with lightning speed (from the newspapers).

In the journalistic style, the most frequent are the negative particles not and not, the particle is in the amplifying function, the conversational particles, after all, here, even, only, etc. Since the journalistic style as a whole is distinguished by an abundance of abstract concepts and provisions, the "load" of derivative prepositions increases in it as more "concrete" (in comparison with non-derivatives), and most importantly - unambiguous indicators of certain relations: in the field, to the side, on the basis, in the course, as, on the basis, on the way, along the way, in the spirit, in name, in the light, in the interests, in view, in the line, etc.: In this regard, there is a lot to be done in the light of the tasks put forward by significant changes in life; You can, of course, refer this to the particulars of the war, as we did earlier in relation to prisoners of war, without even naming their approximate number; In the course of a detailed conversation, the general opinion was expressed that in the conditions of the growing role of the parliaments of our countries in solving the cardinal problems of public life, wider opportunities are opening up for enriching their cooperation (from newspapers).

The journalistic style is marked by a number of syntactic features. It contains many expressive constructions that are absent in official business speech and are extremely rare in scientific ones. For example, rhetorical questions: At this decisive moment - will the Russian hand hold out, will it hold out? (L. Leonov); How much does it take to see the sky in diamonds? (S. Kondratov), ​​a question-and-answer form of presentation is an effective form of revitalizing speech, a kind of "dialogue with the addressee": Did Pushkin endlessly explain himself in love for the people? No, he wrote for the people (R. Gamzatov), ​​repetitions (or the so-called false pleonasm): Those who go forward to prosperity and abundance win, those who clearly see the future day of history win; wins "the pressure of life" (A. N. Tolstoy), exclamation sentences: - What are you doing! After all, you breed killers! After all, here is a classic example of your own monstrous needlework! (S. Kondratov). In addition, in publicistic speech, you can often find various kinds of dismemberment of the text, that is, such constructions when some structural part, being connected in meaning with the main text, is isolated - positionally and intonationally - and is located either in preposition (segmentation) , or in the post-position (parceling): Land reform - what is its purpose ?; New parties, parliamentary factions and Soviets - which of them today will be able to exercise power in such a way that it would not be a decoration or a declaration, but would actually influence the improvement of our life ?; Today in the country there is a situation when there is no such product that would not be in short supply. What led to this? Where is the exit?; A person was always handsome if his name sounded proudly. When I was a fighter. When I was a discoverer. When I dared. When he did not give in to difficulties and did not fall to his knees in front of trouble (from the newspapers).

The journalistic style (as opposed to the scientific and official-business) is characterized by the frequent use of the inverse word order. Here, the actualization of logically significant members of the proposal is actively used: New forms of management were proposed by Arkhangelsk entrepreneurs together with the leadership of the department of correctional labor institutions. The exceptions were enterprises in the extractive industry; The villagers, who had arrived on the eve of the sowing campaign, had to send several wagons with fertilizers of Belarusian chemists back to Soligorsk in a hurry; After the cessation of hostilities in the Iraqi capital, the situation is gradually returning to normal; The army is at war with nature (from the newspapers).

In the stylistic system of the modern Russian language, the journalistic style occupies an intermediate position between the colloquial, on the one hand, and the official business and scientific, on the other.

T.P. Pleschenko, N.V. Fedotova, R.G. Chet. Stylistics and culture of speech - Minsk, 2001