- a pathological condition, accompanied by increased contractility of the myometrium, which appears earlier than the established date of birth. Among the clinical signs, there is a visible tension of the anterior abdominal wall, pulling pains in the lower abdomen. To diagnose uterine hypertonicity, an objective examination of a woman and an ultrasound scan are used. Additionally, blood tests to determine hormones may be performed. Treatment consists in ensuring complete rest, prescribing sedatives, antispasmodics, vitamin therapy.

General information

Uterine hypertonicity is an increased excitability of the smooth muscles of the uterus, provoked by hormonal changes or negative psychophysiological factors. This condition is more commonly diagnosed in women under 18 and over 30 years of age. In the first case, the hypertonicity of the uterus is due to the underdevelopment of the genital area and the unpreparedness of the organ for bearing the fetus. As for patients over 30 years old, hyperexcitability usually develops against the background of frequent abortions, previous infections and other obstetric and gynecological pathologies. Uterine hypertonicity poses a real threat to the life and health of the baby, as it can provoke not only hypoxia, but also miscarriage, the onset of premature birth, and fetal death.

Causes of uterine hypertonicity

In most cases, uterine hypertonicity develops against the background of reduced production of progesterone, a hormone that ensures the normal course of pregnancy. Under its influence, there is a decrease in the contractility of the myometrium, the excitability of the receptors of the uterus and spinal cord, which together allows you to carry the fetus up to 38-40 weeks and give birth to a healthy baby. Progesterone deficiency with uterine hypertonicity manifests itself in the form of spontaneous miscarriages, fetal hypoxia, miscarriage or premature birth. Therefore, during treatment, the main goal should be to influence these etiological links of the pathological condition.

Uterine hypertonicity often develops when a woman has hyperandrogenism - a condition in which there is an increased production of male sex hormones. This diagnosis is also possible with genital infantilism. In this case, an underdeveloped uterus in response to an excessive increase may respond with increased hyperexcitability. Hyperprolactinemia is also a common cause of uterine hypertonicity. The condition is accompanied by increased production of prolactin, which blocks the production of progesterone and leads to an increase in the contractility of smooth muscles.

Often, uterine hypertonicity is due to hormone-dependent diseases that a woman suffered from even before conception. Among them are fibroids, endometriosis. Previously transferred inflammatory processes that spread to the uterine cavity and appendages also increase the likelihood of developing increased excitability of the myometrium. Uterine hypertonicity may be due to dysregulation of the central nervous system, which manifests itself in an increase in contractility, the inability to maintain optimal muscle tone. Women with multiple pregnancies, polyhydramnios, in the presence of a large fetus are more susceptible to such a pathology. These factors contribute to excessive overstretching of the myometrium.

The risk group for the development of uterine hypertonicity includes patients with genetic abnormalities, thyroid diseases, who have had viral infections in the early stages of pregnancy. When the expectant mother's body is exposed to negative factors (harmful working conditions, lack of sleep, daily work), the likelihood of this condition also increases. Often, uterine hypertonicity is due to psycho-emotional experiences, stress, and bad habits. Therefore, such factors should be excluded from the life of the patient.

Symptoms of uterine hypertonicity

Depending on which part of the myometrium is tense, in obstetrics, 1 and 2 degrees of uterine hypertonicity are distinguished. In the first case, only the posterior wall of the organ is reduced, which is most often not accompanied by pathological manifestations. In the third trimester of pregnancy, uterine hypertonicity of the 1st degree can be manifested by slight pulling pains in the lower back, a feeling of heaviness in the sacrum. There are usually no other symptoms.

Hypertonicity of the uterus of the 2nd degree implies tension of the myometrium of the anterior wall of the organ and is accompanied by a more pronounced clinical picture. The main symptom is pulling pains in the lower abdomen, similar to those that occur in women in the premenstrual period. Often, with hypertonicity of the uterus, the pain spreads to the perineum, there may be a feeling of fullness in the external genitalia. At the same time, there is an increase in urination, a contraction of the muscle fibers of the rectum, similar to the urge to defecate.

Visually, with hypertonicity of the uterus, the abdomen becomes dense, slightly rises, acquires more rounded shapes than usual. It is possible to determine the tension of the myometrium through the anterior abdominal wall by palpation. As for the lower segment of the penis, that is, the cervix, with uterine hypertonicity, its contraction is usually not observed, although such a symptom is sometimes present if the woman previously had cervical canal injuries, for example, during previous births.

Diagnosis of uterine hypertonicity

Uterine hypertonicity is an alarming symptom in obstetrics, which may indicate a possible likelihood of spontaneous abortion or premature birth. Therefore, the health and life of the fetus depends on timely diagnosis and treatment. An obstetrician-gynecologist can identify hypertonicity of the uterus with the help of a routine objective examination of a woman, which is carried out at each appointment. On palpation of the abdomen, tension of the myometrium will be felt, the intensity of such a sign may be different - up to a feeling of "petrification". In this case, patients often report discomfort and even pain.

Ultrasound scanning is used as an additional method for diagnosing uterine hypertonicity. With the help of this study, it is possible to determine the local or total contraction of the myometrium. At 1 degree of hypertonicity, a thickening of the muscular layer of the uterus is observed on one side. If a similar sign is detected in the area of ​​​​attachment of the placenta, then there is a high probability of its detachment. With uterine hypertonicity of the 2nd degree, the entire myometrium is thickened, there are corresponding clinical symptoms. Also, to determine contractility, tonusometry can be performed - measuring the tone of the uterus using a special sensor, which is placed on the anterior abdominal wall and fixes the level of tension in the muscle layer.

Treatment of uterine hypertonicity

With hypertonicity of the uterus, a pregnant woman, first of all, should be provided with bed rest. It is necessary to eliminate any negative factors (physical activity, stress) that can cause an aggravation of the pathological condition. If excessive contractility of the myometrium is not accompanied by severe symptoms, treatment can be carried out on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization of a woman is indicated for grade 2 uterine hypertonicity, especially if spotting from the vagina is observed. This symptom may indicate an early abortion, premature birth or placental abruption in the 2nd-3rd trimester.

Drug treatment of uterine hypertonicity depends on the etiology of the pathological condition. With a lack of progesterone production, progesterone preparations are prescribed. If uterine hypertonicity has developed against the background of magnesium deficiency, the patient is shown taking tablets based on this trace element or injecting magnesium sulfate in case of medical care in a hospital setting. Under the action of this component, there is a decrease in the contractility of the myometrium, the normalization of the transmission of nerve impulses.

Antispasmodics are prescribed as symptomatic therapy for uterine hypertonicity. They reduce the contractility of the myometrium and eliminate pain. The use of sedatives is also indicated. With uterine hypertonicity, mainly herbal preparations are used. Additionally, vitamin complexes are used. Until the 34th week of pregnancy, tocolytics are prescribed, which reduce contractions of the myometrium and suppress the onset of labor. With this diagnosis, specialists always try to prolong pregnancy management as much as possible and bring the fetus to 38 weeks.

Prediction and prevention of uterine hypertonicity

In most cases, the prognosis for uterine hypertonicity is favorable. With timely medical care, it is possible to suppress the increased excitability of the myometrium and prolong the gestation of the fetus until the expected date of birth. With the progression of uterine hypertonicity, the possibility of giving birth to a viable baby appears only for a period of 25-28 weeks. At earlier stages, the fetus simply will not be able to survive in environmental conditions.

Prevention of uterine hypertonicity should begin even when planning conception. It is important to timely detect and treat sexual infections, diseases of hormonal etiology. After the onset of pregnancy, the prevention of uterine hypertonicity is to reduce physical activity, the correct organization of the work and rest regimen. You should also completely eliminate emotional experiences and stress. If even minimal signs of uterine hypertonicity are observed, you should immediately seek medical help.

Many women, while waiting for a baby, face a dangerous manifestation - uterine hypertonicity. But this is not a diagnosis. Such a situation during early pregnancy, like uterine tone, is just a prerequisite for a possible miscarriage. However, the situation is complicated and if no measures are taken, the consequences can be the most deplorable.

The uterus is a smooth muscle organ. And it is characterized by periodic stress. When the tone rises, the myometrium contracts. This is the muscular layer of the uterus. It is located just behind the endometrium (mucous layer). And during the contraction of muscle tissue, pressure on the child begins.

In addition, there is insufficient blood supply to the placenta. She does not receive her norm of oxygen and nutrition. Further, as a consequence, detachment of the placenta. Which leads to fetal death or miscarriage.

Features of increased tone in the first trimester

The state of increased tone of the uterus is the norm if the pregnancy has reached its peak, and childbirth occurs. It also occurs during the menstrual cycle and during orgasm. But if a woman is in the early stages of bearing a fetus, then this is a serious sign for concern.

Uterine tone in early pregnancy: how to find out what is the problem?

When conception occurs, the body undergoes global changes. He is preparing for a new role. And a woman, thinking about the future, experiences and worries accordingly. Perhaps the relationship with her husband is changing, moving to a new stage. And all these events affect the emotional state, which affects the degree of uterine tone.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, increased tone is especially dangerous for a woman. In some cases, because of it, the pregnancy stops, and the fetus dies. At the same time, a woman sometimes may not even know this. The main sign of a missed pregnancy is the disappearance of other signs: heaviness in the chest ceases to be felt, toxicosis is no longer tormented in the morning, etc.

That's why a woman needs to relieve herself of part of the household obligations more rest both mentally and physically. This is necessary so that the first months of bearing a baby pass without complications, and the body can prepare for further changes without stress.

State Danger

During pregnancy, there may be a short or long contraction of the uterine muscles. And if in the first variant it is normal, then in the second it is already a pathological condition.


Uterine tone in early pregnancy: the danger of the condition.

It can provoke:

  • fetal hypoxia;
  • placental abruption;
  • spontaneous abortion;
  • frozen pregnancy;
  • occurrence of preterm birth.

Reasons for the increase in tone

Since the uterus expands during pregnancy, its muscle tissue should not tighten. But due to a number of reasons, the risk of this process increases.

For example:

  • Sexual infections. These are cytomegalovirus, chlamydia, herpes, etc.;
  • Inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system;
  • Change in hormonal background. This is an overabundance of male hormones or a lack of progesterone;
  • Rh-conflict of blood with the fetus;
  • Improper nutrition;
  • Depression and stress;
  • Physical overexertion;
  • sexual intercourse;
  • Abnormal development of the uterus;
  • Toxicosis.

Symptoms of hypertonicity

In order to avoid uterine tone in early pregnancy, you need to pay attention to the following symptoms:

  1. Bloody issues. They can be red, brown or pink. They testify to a miscarriage or detachment of the chorion that has already begun.
  2. Drawing pains in the lower back, lower abdomen or pelvis. There is irradiation of pain in the perineal region. Especially the pain is felt after physical exertion or sexual intercourse.
  3. The general condition is similar to menstrual malaise.
  4. Pulsation in the abdomen.
  5. At a later date - hardening of the abdomen.
  6. Contraction-like spasms.

How to determine the increased tone yourself

With a careful attitude to her feelings, a woman is able to understand herself that the state of the uterus is disturbed. When a pressing pain is felt under the abdomen or in the lumbar region. In the second half of pregnancy, the stomach becomes stony.

If this happens rarely, when changing positions or after physical exertion, then this is a normal physiological process. Perhaps the woman was nervous, walked a lot, or had sexual intercourse.

with frequent spasms or discharge, these signs are already pathological in nature, and in this case you should definitely see a specialist.

Palpation

As a rule, the doctor examines women through ultrasound and uses the method of palpation to detect tone. But in the early stages of pregnancy, the tone of the uterus is difficult to detect with the help of palpation, then such a diagnosis is considered relevant in the period of the second and third trimester.

To do this, the woman lies on her back, bending her knees. The abdominal muscles relax and the doctor can feel the tense uterus. Also, the gynecologist checks the presentation of the fetus. At later dates, with an increase in tone, the stomach becomes stony, and it is already problematic to feel parts of the fetus.

Methods of first aid

Performing simple exercises, a woman can relax the muscles of the uterus on her own at home.

This will help:

  1. Gymnastics:
  • Relax facial muscles. To do this, you need to sit in a comfortable position and bow your head. Breathe slowly and calmly. In this position, tension subsides from the face and neck, which allows you to bring the tone back to normal;
  • Exercise "cat". The woman gets on all fours and bows her head. Then he lifts it, bending his back down. Breathing should be deep and even, and the muscles should be relaxed. And just as smoothly with deep breathing, bend your lower back up, lowering your head. Stand in each position for about 7 seconds. After doing the exercise 5 times, lie down on the bed;
  • Get on your knees, resting your elbows on the floor. Stay like this for about a minute. Then lie down to rest.

By performing these exercises regularly, a pregnant woman will learn to control her body and, if necessary, quickly remove the tone.

  1. Bandage:
  • Panties, with elastic wide top well support the stomach without causing discomfort.
  • Belt. It is worn over underwear. There are grippers on the sides, with the help of which it is easy to adjust the volume.
  • Universal bandage. The elastic band has hooks or other fastening methods on the sides. From the side of the abdomen, it is of an expanded form, and narrowed at the lower back. It fixes the stomach well, which allows the uterus not to strain due to its weight.

The doctor will help you choose the right bandage, taking into account the characteristics of each woman.

  1. Food:
  • Oatmeal and buckwheat porridge. 3 art. Spoons are poured with a glass of boiling water and boiled for 5 minutes. Consume on an empty stomach. You can add honey;
  • Green vegetables. These are asparagus, cucumbers, broccoli, peas;
  • Almonds and nuts;
  • Fruit;
  • From meat: chicken and rabbit.

By eating the right foods, you can significantly reduce the risk of increased tone. Do not drink coffee and strong tea. Carbonated drinks, fast food and fatty foods also harmful to pregnant women.

Non-drug removal of hypertension

To reduce the increased tone of the uterus during early pregnancy, it is not necessary to resort to medical treatment. There are many ways to help cope with this without drugs.

  1. aromatherapy. A pleasant smell helps to relax and calm the nerves. You can arrange scented sticks around the house or light incense. If a pregnant woman is not bothered by discharge, then a warm bath with the addition of essential oils will perfectly relax the muscles and calm the nervous system. Literally 6 drops of basil, thyme, sage, eucalyptus or lemon can already fully restore the emotional state;
  2. Herbal teas are excellent sedatives.. It can be either a collection of herbs, or just tea with the addition of motherwort, mint or lemon balm.
  3. Yoga. With the help of a special relaxation technique, you can completely get rid of stress and nervous overexcitation. In the process of meditation, a woman can visualize a happy future with a baby in her arms. Yoga classes should be soothing, not physically stressful.
  4. Nice, calm music will set you in a peaceful mood, pushing aside all inner experiences.
  5. Handmade. Knitting, embroidery, cooking or sewing will help you escape from the hustle and bustle. And if such a pastime brings joy to a woman, then you can do this as often as possible.

Whatever a pregnant woman is fond of, the main rule is to enjoy the activity.

Diagnostic measures

According to certain signs, a woman herself can understand what is happening to her. But it also happens that hypertonicity does not manifest itself in any way and the moment of help may be missed. The gynecologist can determine the tone in several ways.


Uterine tone in early pregnancy: diagnostic methods
  1. Palpation. It is more often used in late pregnancy, when the uterus is well palpated. The patient assumes a supine position with half-bent knees. Since in this position the involuntary tension of the abdomen subsides and it is easier for the doctor to palpate.
  2. ultrasound. Scanning with ultrasound determines what kind of tone the pregnant woman has - local or total. With local tone, only 1 wall of the uterus, anterior or posterior, is tense. With total tone, the entire myometrium thickens.
  3. Tonusometry. A special sensor is attached to the patient's abdomen. Thanks to the device, you can accurately record the degree of muscle tension.

Treatment in a hospital

"Houses and walls heal." For women who are carrying a baby, this belief is not always suitable. Since with a tone, first of all, bed rest is put. And household chores can still make a woman make unnecessary movements. Therefore, inpatient treatment may be the best solution in this matter.

In addition to short walks along the corridor, there is nothing else to do there. Doctors often recommend eating in the ward. From forced idleness, a pregnant woman sleeps a lot, which is considered the best medicine.

But initially, in order to determine the severity of the symptom, the pregnant woman must pass all the tests, undergo an ultrasound examination and tonusometry. After evaluating the condition of the uterus, the presence of hormones, psychological attitude, the doctor prescribes appropriate treatment regimens. These are soothing, preserving or supporting drugs.

Another advantage of inpatient treatment is droppers. Intravenous injections of magnesium or magnesia are faster and more effective than tablets. Also, doctors are constantly nearby, who, if necessary, will be able to provide professional assistance in time. And the fact that she is under the control of specialists reassures the woman.

Treatment with medications

In order to avoid spontaneous abortion or fetal hypoxia due to uterine tone during early pregnancy, it is necessary to take medication. For this, pharmacological preparations are prescribed to relieve tension in muscle fibers.

  1. Ginipral. Due to the selective B 2 - Adrenomimetic contained in the preparation, the activity of the myometrium decreases. The intensity of contractions decreases, inhibiting spasms in the uterus. They are used in the form of droppers or tablets.
  2. But - shpa (Drotaverine). It also relieves spasms in the abdominal muscles. However, the drug can cross the placenta, so it is prescribed if there is a real risk of fetal loss.
  3. Magne B6. Assigned in early pregnancy, the drug compensates for magnesium deficiency, and prevents complications in subsequent trimesters. These are placental insufficiency, preeclampsia, fetal malformations. Also, the tool normalizes cellular metabolism.
  4. Papaverine. It relieves spasms, lowers blood pressure and generally has a beneficial effect on the fetus. In the early stages, they are prescribed in the form of candles.
  5. Utrozhestan. Compensates for the lack of progesterone. Reduces the risk of miscarriage.
  6. Duphaston. It is prescribed for hormone therapy. The main component of progestogen is an analogue of progesterone.
  7. Valerian or motherwort. Sedatives. Normalize the emotional background. Helps to relax and relieve spasms in the abdominal muscles. They are taken exclusively in tablet form, since the tinctures contain alcohol.

Treatment with folk remedies

With the tone of the uterus in the early stages of pregnancy, mother nature can also help. Some natural remedies solve this problem as well as medicines.

  1. Melissa. An infusion is prepared from 1 liter of water and 20 g of the plant. Boil the herb in a water bath. Then stir continuously for a quarter of an hour. When the broth has cooled, strain through a strainer or cheesecloth and mix with 3 liters of honey. Take 3-4 times a day. The course of admission varies from 1 to 2 months.
  2. Cranberry. Puree cranberries with a meat grinder or blender, and mix with sugar in proportions of 1:1. You can also make pasta from sea buckthorn. Then 5 tbsp. dilute the sweet mixture in half a liter of water and replace tea with such a drink. You can drink the whole pregnancy.
  3. Parsley. A decoction of parsley perfectly relieves spasms, and the folic acid contained in it is useful for any expectant mother. Take fresh parsley leaves, finely chop and pour boiling water. Keep on low heat for a quarter of an hour. Drink 2 glasses a day for a month.
  4. Lemon and tomato. Squeeze juice from lemons and tomatoes. In the proportions of tomato to lemon 9:1. Within 14 days, drink 100 ml of a cocktail in the morning 30 minutes before meals.
  5. Dried fruits and rose hips. For 1.5 liters of water, take 50 g of wild rose, dried apricots and raisins. Boil for 10-15 minutes, no more. In the cooled broth, stir 2 tbsp. meadow honey. Divide 250-300 g into 2 times and drink a day. The course lasts 5 months.

Prevention of hypertension

For preventive purposes, it will be appropriate to do or not do certain things.

For example, you cannot:

  • be nervous;
  • overwork physically;
  • use alcohol, tobacco or drugs;
  • lift weights;
  • eat junk food.

At the same time, you should:

  • sleep well;
  • more rest from household chores;
  • spend more time outdoors;
  • be sure to visit a gynecologist on time.

Expert opinion

Taking into account the current time, new technologies, the presence of various gadgets in the life of every person, experts advise pregnant women to change their lifestyle.

To bear a healthy baby and avoid problematic situations during pregnancy, you should:

  1. Significantly reduce the use of a computer, phone or tablet;
  2. If possible, change your place of residence during pregnancy. That is, to go to the country or to the village, where the air is much cleaner than in big cities;
  3. More often walk in the fresh air in the park, where there are a lot of trees;
  4. If conditions permit, visit the pool. And generally have more contact with water. Take warm baths. Sea, lake, river are welcome;
  5. Do not use foods, drinks and seasonings that can change the tone for the worse;
  6. Perform exercises related to proper breathing;
  7. Keep only positive thoughts in your head.

The most important thing is to remember that the tone of the uterus in early pregnancy is not a sentence. And in no case should you cry and be nervous, since such a reaction only worsens the situation. Taking care of your health and the health of your baby largely depends on the behavior of the expectant mother.

Video uterine tone during early pregnancy

Uterine hypertonicity in the first trimester: diagnosis and treatment:

What to do with uterine hypertonicity in early pregnancy:

One of the most common problems during pregnancy is the high tone of the uterus, which creates an unpleasant pulling sensation in the lower abdomen.

The uterus is a hollow muscular organ, which consists of an outer mucous membrane (perimetrium), middle (myometrium) and internal (endometrium). The myometrium has the ability to contract, which is especially important during childbirth. When, during the period of carrying a child at different times, the uterus contracts, the doctors state that the tone of the uterus is increased. But a toned uterus is not always a problem, as the muscles are constantly contracting. This happens even when sneezing, coughing, vomiting, laughing, gynecological examination.

The deplorable consequences of increased uterine tone can be infrequent. This can end in a miscarriage when it comes to uterine tone in early pregnancy. In the later it is fraught with premature birth. And yet, the tone of the uterus is more often observed in the early stages. In this case, the phenomenon threatens the process of implantation (introduction) of the fetal egg into the endometrium of the uterus. Perhaps even his rejection or death. Then the doctors ascertain a spontaneous miscarriage. It is customary to talk about a miscarriage before 28 weeks of pregnancy, and after this period one can already talk about premature birth.

The tone of the uterus in the early stages threatens the normal development of the child. After all, then tense muscles pinch the vessels, and as a result, the fetus may suffer from oxygen deficiency (hypoxia). When, for this reason, the fetus does not receive nutrients, malnutrition is also possible, that is, growth stops and even missed pregnancy.

This article talks about how to relieve the tone of the uterus in early pregnancy. The article describes the doctor's recommendations, following which, you can reduce the tone of the uterus during pregnancy.

What is uterine tone?

The tone of the uterus is a characteristic of the state of the uterine muscles, which describes the degree of its tension and is measured in millimeters of mercury.

There are the following options for the state of the uterine muscles:

The uterus is hypotonic - this is a pathological condition of the uterus, in which its muscles are excessively relaxed, it is a complication of the early postpartum period, the cause of hypotonic uterine bleeding.
- The uterus in normotonus is a physiological state of both the pregnant and non-pregnant uterus, in which the muscles are at rest.
- The uterus in increased tone - a state of tension of the uterine muscles, which can be either permanent or temporary (contractions during childbirth). An increase in the tone of the uterus can be either in one specific place (local), or it can capture all parts of the uterus (total).
- Hypertonicity of the uterus - an anomaly of labor activity, in which the number of contractions in 10 minutes is more than four, i.e. this pathology occurs only in childbirth.

It should be noted that the expression "uterine hypertonicity", which is mistakenly used by some specialists and their patients, implying an increase in uterine tone during pregnancy, is incorrect, because. this term describes one of the types of anomalies of labor activity.

Causes of increased uterine tone

Increased uterine tone is very often observed in early or late pregnancy. There are many factors that cause tension in the muscles of the uterus during pregnancy. Usually these are various irritations that can cause tension in the muscular organ: sexual arousal, any physical activity, stress, nervous tension, etc. This phenomenon cannot be neglected, since the high tone of the uterus can be very dangerous.

When a pregnant woman first has uterine hypertonicity, she just needs to tell the doctor about this so that he sends her for an ultrasound diagnosis. In the absence of any pathologies during the diagnosis, a closed cervix of the uterus, a cervix over 3 cm long and a fetal heartbeat should be visible.

These indicators show that the appearance of increased uterine tone is not dangerous either for the pregnant woman or for the fetus. If during ultrasound diagnostics, the opening of the cervix of the uterus at a distance of more than 5 mm, a small uterus (length from 2.5 to 3 cm), this indicates a serious risk of miscarriage in the first trimester.

How to remove the tone of the uterus at home?

The uterus can contract not only under the influence of the factors described above, but also with the contraction of the bladder or intestines. The contraction of the bladder occurs as a result of its filling, and the intestines - at the moment food enters it. If a woman has no complications during ultrasound diagnostics, then spasms usually pass quickly and do not cause severe pain.

If uterine spasms cause unpleasant pain and are accompanied by any pathologies, then medical assistance may be required to relieve the tone of the uterus, so you should consult a doctor. If there are cramps in the lower abdomen, you should try to remove them yourself. To do this, you need to relax - sit down or lie down, stroking your stomach and talking to your future baby.

If possible, to relieve the tone of the uterus, you can try to take a relaxing warm bath. When taking a bath, it is not recommended to add various aromatic substances, because they can cause uterine tone or increase it. It is impossible to take a bath to relieve the tone of the uterus for women who do not have any pathologies, namely, discharge from the genital tract.

The main causes of increased uterine tone

The basis of the tone of the muscles of the uterus is the activity of the endocrine system, namely the synthesis of the hormone progesterone. This hormone is synthesized very actively in the first 2.5 months of pregnancy, later its synthesis declines. The hormone progesterone helps to reduce the tone of the uterus, as well as reduce intestinal tone.

This is the reason why women often experience constipation during pregnancy. Lack of progesterone production can lead to increased uterine muscle tone. The lack of progesterone is due to several reasons. First, underdeveloped organs of the reproductive system. An underdeveloped uterus cannot withstand the heavy load that affects it, and, as a result, it shrinks.

Secondly, the increased content of male hormones in the female body. They are produced by the adrenal glands. A woman can find out about this even before pregnancy by the following signs: menstrual irregularities, increased hairline, deterioration of the skin before menstruation, etc. Thirdly, the increased content of the hormone prolactin in the blood.

It manifests itself in the release of milk from the nipples and menstrual irregularities before pregnancy. Cause the tone of the uterus can not only lack of progesterone, but also various diseases suffered before pregnancy. These include: growth of the inner lining of the uterus, called endometriosis; inflammatory diseases of the uterus and its appendages.

The tone of the uterus during pregnancy can be identified independently by the following signs: heaviness and discomfort in the lower abdomen. Pain in the lower abdomen with increased tone of the uterine muscles is very similar to pain during menstruation. For diagnosis, in addition to ultrasound diagnostics, palpation can be used.

During probing of the abdomen with an increased tone of the muscles of the uterus, the abdomen will feel the firmness of the abdomen, which should normally be soft. To diagnose the tone of the uterus, you can use one of the most modern methods - tonusometry (measurement of the tone of the uterus using a special device).

Having learned about the tone of the uterus, it is extremely important for a pregnant woman to try to calm down and avoid unnecessary worries. Very often, when detecting the tone of the uterus, a pregnant woman is prescribed sedatives and advised to observe bed rest. Often, the tone of the uterus is treated in the hospital under the strict supervision of specialists, because there may be a risk of miscarriage.

Treatment of increased uterine tone

If the cause of uterine tone is any pathology, then it is necessary to start with its treatment. If the reason is insufficient synthesis of the hormone progesterone, then pregnant women are prescribed drugs Utrozhestan or Dufaston. Often, with uterine muscle tone, antispasmodic drugs are prescribed, such as Papaverine, No-Shpa, bromine infusion, valerian, vitamins E and C. Before you start taking any of these drugs, you should consult a doctor to avoid negative consequences.

A very good tool to cope with increased muscle tone is Magne B6. This drug allows you to restore the lack of vitamin B6 in the body. Magne B6 contains a large amount of magnesium, which reduces muscle tension. Vitamin B6, which is part of this drug, has a calming effect on the nervous system, which is simply necessary for pregnant women suffering from uterine hypertonicity.

To avoid spontaneous abortion in the early stages and premature birth in the late, increased uterine tone must be reduced. Most often, with the threat of termination of pregnancy, a pregnant woman is recommended to go to the hospital and undergo treatment. With an increased tone of the uterus, the supply of oxygen and nutrition to the fetus worsens, so treatment is necessary. To reduce uterine activity, special drugs called tocolytics are used. These are drugs belonging to different pharmacological groups, having a different mechanism of action, but one effect: they reduce increased uterine activity.

To remove the increased tone of the uterus helps:

Ginipral, partusisten, salbutamol, terbutaline. Currently, the most effective safe drug from this group is ginipral. In emergency cases, it is prescribed in the form of droppers, after which they switch to a tablet form.

Magnesium sulphate/magnesium sulphate, intravenous solution only, currently only used to reduce uterine hypertonia when other drugs are contraindicated for one reason or another

Drotaverine (no-shpa, spazmonet) 1-2 tablets. 3 times a day (120-240 mg of drotaverine). The appointment of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is not contraindicated. Prescribed with caution during pregnancy (I trimester) and lactation

Among other things, a pregnant woman who has an increased tone of the uterus is not recommended to have sex. This is due to the fact that the muscles of the uterus are strongly contracted during orgasm, which can cause a miscarriage.

To avoid problems associated with increased uterine tone, it is necessary to observe its prevention. To do this, a pregnant woman should avoid overwork, stress, nervous strain, and should also master some yoga techniques necessary for relaxation. Also, for the prevention of hypertension, you should go to an appointment with an endocrinologist, a gynecologist, and preferably a neuropathologist.

Muscle hypertonicity is a dangerous phenomenon, it can lead to serious consequences. Increased uterine tone in the early stages of pregnancy is the cause of fetal death, cessation of its further development and termination of pregnancy. In addition, it can lead to poor blood supply to the placenta and oxygen starvation.

In order to avoid problems, how to remove the tone of the uterus in the early stages of pregnancy, you must follow all the recommendations of gynecologists, take care of yourself and observe the prevention of muscle hypertonicity.

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Sometimes a woman has problems during pregnancy that subsequently cause uterine tone.

This is a rather dangerous pathology, especially when it comes to early pregnancy. It is necessary to identify hypertension as soon as possible and take the necessary preventive measures. Otherwise, a miscarriage or premature birth is possible!

What is uterine tone and why is it dangerous during pregnancy

To understand what lies behind the name of the pathology, it is enough to deal with the organ that it affects. As you know, the uterus is not just a connective tissue formation with its own functions, like many other organs. First of all, it is a muscle that can contract, grow and increase in size due to pregnancy, at the right time “push out” the child, helping him to be born.

At normal times, it is relaxed, although the tone of the uterus can be without pregnancy. But during pregnancy, this condition intensifies. In order to carry a child normally, the organ must always remain relaxed, only sometimes contracting just before the birth itself. The latter phenomenon is called training bouts.

But things don't always go so smoothly. Sometimes the body is constantly in tension, periodically contracting. This condition is called increased tone - and it can become permanent. In some situations, local pathology itself disappears, and sometimes complex treatment is required from a good doctor.

First of all, this condition is dangerous due to an increase in pressure inside the cavity of the organ. It puts pressure on the baby, thereby gradually leading to a miscarriage or premature birth. Such “training contractions” may be safe at later dates like 40 weeks, but not at 29 or 30.

Regardless of the term, it is better to contact your doctor, otherwise you are threatened with delivery in your own apartment.

Possible consequences of pathology

The first and most important consequence that threatens many women is premature birth. If the tone does not begin at 8 or 9 months, but before the due date, there is a risk of giving birth to a premature baby. This is dangerous, but in our time it practically does not threaten anything - modern medicine even nurses children born at the beginning of the third trimester or at the end of the second.

It is worse when the corresponding sensations appear in the first trimester, in the early stages. In this case, there is a tangible risk of miscarriage, which will not only kill the child, but will not benefit the woman herself. Therefore, when appropriate symptoms appear, go for an ultrasound as soon as possible. Delay is dangerous for the life of mother and baby!

A slightly less dangerous, but no less unpleasant consequence is a decrease in uteroplacental blood flow. The uterus narrows, the gaps between its vessels decrease. This leads to a significant shortage of nutrients in the body of the child. Hypoxia occurs, subsequently leading to the death or underdevelopment of the fetus.

The amount of nutrients received by the child from the mother's body decreases. As a result, developmental delays occur, various diseases develop.

In the future, the child may experience problems with harmonious growth and maturation, lag behind their peers. Perhaps a strong lag in development, up to mental retardation or mental retardation.

Norms of uterine tone by gestational age

Since the uterus comes into tone during premature contractions, even with a normal pregnancy, this condition can be considered normal. It is necessary to determine at what time the first manifestations began. And, if the tone occurs in the third trimester, you should not worry.

Neither the anterior nor the posterior wall should normally tense up to 12 weeks. In a normal course during these periods, a woman should not experience any discomfort at all. Pulling pains in the lower abdomen, slight tension - all this should alert. It is better to immediately go to the doctor, saying something like "I'm worried about the tone."

If symptoms appear at week 20, this means that the body is gradually preparing for a future event. He's starting to train, so don't worry. If you feel uncomfortable, check the contractions for three conditions.

Namely:

  • they are painless.
  • they are rare.
  • they do not carry additional symptoms.

Light sensations are normal. If the rule is not confirmed, contact your doctor. He will help: either prescribe treatment, or examine and reassure. After all, pregnant women should not be nervous.

Finally, in the third trimester, such manifestations are almost always normal. Signs of hypertonicity are not excluded, but in most cases the child himself causes tension, starting to push and shove in every possible way in the stomach. Treatment is prescribed only if the sensations become too painful, harm the child or mother.

How to independently determine the tone of the uterus

First of all, it is necessary to distinguish the normal state from hypertonicity. The latter usually manifests itself already in the early stages, it feels painful, unpleasant and sometimes unbearable. The tone of the 1st degree comes unexpectedly, becomes too frequent, intensifies over time.

Tension of the myometrium is characterized by discomfort and painful symptoms in the lower abdomen. There is a heaviness, an unpleasant pulling sensation. Partially resembles pain during inflammation or before the start of the menstrual cycle. Over time, the signs become more vivid, unpleasant and frequent.

In the second trimester, the pain often radiates to the sacrum or lower back, it becomes quite strong. Toward the end of pregnancy, the symptoms appear already visually. The abdomen becomes noticeably tense and firm, slightly compressed and retracted. With primitive palpation, strong hardness is felt. This condition is quite dangerous.

Sometimes there are spotting spotting. These signs indicate a very dangerous and fast course of the pathology. In this case, it is better to call an emergency as soon as possible and go to the hospital as soon as possible.

There is also a “silent course”, that is, passing without symptoms. In this case, the pathology is determined only by ultrasound examination. Therefore, it is important to undergo an examination in a timely manner, not to violate the established schedule and not to neglect the advice of your doctor.

Usually, if significant hypertonicity is found, it is necessary to take pills and use suppositories. Since the causes of the pathology are diverse, the treatment regimen is prescribed individually, depending on the nature of the course of the disease and the characteristics of a particular organism.

First of all, these are antispasmodics that can reduce stress and relax the uterus. Most often, Nosh-pa and other drugs of similar action are prescribed. Candles can be prescribed for the same purpose. Mostly used drugs such as Utrozhestan, Papaverine, Nifedipine, Duphaston, sometimes Magnesia.

If the cause is a lack or excess of any hormones, the specialist prescribes the appropriate hormonal preparations.

Examinations are carried out to determine the degree of development of the disease. They try to eliminate not only the consequences, but also the causes. Examinations are becoming more frequent, you need to monitor the course of the disease.

Bed rest is prescribed. In some cases, the pregnant woman even lays down for preservation. Particularly dangerous degrees of pathology are characterized by the need to constantly lie in one place throughout pregnancy. Sometimes even the simplest movements are prohibited.

Sex with uterine tension is prohibited. Therefore, if a woman stays at home, and does not go to the hospital, the attending physician prohibits any intimacy between the couple. If you care about the health of your common child, it is better to refrain from any sexual contact at all.

How to avoid uterine tone during pregnancy - preventive measures

Foods that can increase tension in the uterus should be avoided. These include black tea, expensive blue cheese, various fish dishes, especially raw. No need to get too carried away with white bread, drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes.

Live the lifestyle recommended for exemplary pregnancy. Observe the correct mode of work and rest, as well as the daily routine. Try not to burden yourself, do not allow any excessive physical exertion. If you continue to go to work, leave some time for rest and relaxation after a hard day.

Refuse hot baths with fragrant foam. It’s nice to wallow in these, but it won’t do any good. It is not completely clear what causes such a pathology, but baths are classified as a risk group. Better take a shower, you can contrast, if your health allows.

Watch your health. Avoid infection with SARS or more serious diseases. Under certain conditions, they are easily capable of causing an increased tone, thereby putting the child's health at risk.

Sexually transmitted infections are also dangerous. To avoid hypertonicity, check with a gynecologist before pregnancy and cure all current diseases. Regular check-ups should not be forgotten until the birth itself. So you can easily identify any diseases that increase the tone of the uterus, and cure them in time!

In this video, they will tell you why hypertonicity happens and what it threatens:

Conclusion

If you feel and recognize the disease in a timely manner, it will not cause any problems. It is enough to follow the instructions given by the attending physician - and you calmly bring a healthy child to the received deadlines.

Pregnancy is a time associated not only with the happy expectation of the appearance of crumbs, but the period of adaptation of the woman's body to the state of gestation and the fight against gestational complications. One of these pathological conditions, which seems to be the most common during pregnancy, is increased uterine tone. In this article, we will consider the problem of uterine hypertonicity during pregnancy, highlight the pathogenesis, clinical picture, present the diagnosis and methods of dealing with this problem.

What is uterine tone?

The tone of the uterus is a normal state of the female reproductive organ, which is characterized by a short-term contraction of the myometrium (middle muscle layer of the uterus) in response to various kinds of influences. For example, the motor activity of the embryo, and after 22 weeks - the fetus, a filled bladder, increased intestinal motility. The tone of the uterus without pregnancy may increase before and during menstruation.

How to determine the tone of the uterus?

The tone of the uterus must necessarily be present during pregnancy, since this is a muscular organ and it must contract. Otherwise, if the uterus did not come into tone, then it would not be able to complete such a difficult task as a rather long period of contractions - the first period of childbirth, as well as the second period - the period of attempts. During a normal pregnancy, there should be a tone of the uterus, the symptoms of which should not cause any discomfort to the woman.

What is uterine hypertonus?

Hypertonicity is a pathological condition that characterizes the presence of a diagnosis of threatened abortion before 22 weeks, and after - the threat of premature birth.
How to distinguish uterine tone during pregnancy from hypertonicity? How to understand that the uterus is in good shape and this condition is physiological in nature?

The most important differences in tone are:

  • Absence of pain.
  • The absence of a long period of the uterus being in good shape (no more than one minute).
  • Feeling the tone of the uterus up to 5 times a day.
  • The absence of productive contractions, which lead to a shortening of the cervix, as well as to its wedge-shaped transformation. This item is the most important in the diagnosis of increased uterine tone.

Symptoms of uterine tone

An important point is the question "how to determine the tone of the uterus during pregnancy?". In order to understand when pregnancy proceeds physiologically, and when it is necessary to seek medical help, it is necessary to understand how to independently determine the tone of the uterus. Quite often, primigravid women cannot understand what this condition includes. Below we present the main symptoms that help to find out the answer to the question "how to understand the tone of the uterus."


Diagnosis of uterine tone during pregnancy

When examined by a doctor of a pregnant woman, the uterus is determined with an increased tone, characterized by a dense consistency. At the same time, the female reproductive organ is well controlled through the anterior abdominal wall and is in this state for a long time. For the diagnosis of hypertonicity, ultrasound is used, during which hypertonicity of the posterior wall of the uterus, as well as the anterior one, can be detected. However, this symptom may not always indicate the threat of termination of pregnancy. The uterus can come into tone in response to the passage of an ultrasonic wave through its wall. Also on ultrasound when performing cervicometry (measuring the length of the cervix), isthmic-cervical insufficiency is diagnosed (shortening of the cervix, opening of its internal pharynx).

How does uterine tone appear on cardiotocography? (KTG)

Increased uterine tone can be determined by cardiotocography. The resulting film will graphically depict a curve parallel to the fetal heart rate curve, indicating hypertonicity.

Reasons for the appearance of tone in the first trimester

The tone of the uterus in the early stages can be caused by various factors, among which 80% is assigned to congenital malformations. Women must be compulsorily aware of this fact and, while maintaining a pregnancy in a hospital, must give written consent to continue the pregnancy. Also, the tone of the uterus in early pregnancy can be caused by hormonal dysfunction in the form of progesterone deficiency, the impact of stress factors on the female body.

Reasons for the appearance of tone in the II trimester

In the second trimester, a woman can also be diagnosed with increased uterine tone during pregnancy, the causes of which lie in the low level of progesterone (the main hormone of pregnancy), which has a relaxing effect, the presence of an infection of various etiologies, and disruption of the intestines in the form of its increased peristalsis.

Reasons for the appearance of tone in the III trimester

Unfortunately, in the third trimester there is an increased tone of the uterus in pregnant women. Its causes include a low level of progesterone, which can be aggravated by the development of placental dysfunction, its aging, because it is the placenta that produces the main amount of progesterone. With the appearance of violations, its hormonal function also suffers. Polyhydramnios, multiple pregnancy, infectious factors can serve as a trigger in the development of such complications as the threat of premature birth. Also, at any gestational age, the cause of hypertonicity may be the presence of concomitant pregnancy pathologies, such as uterine fibroids, endocrine diseases, and hematological pathologies.

What is the danger of uterine tone and hypertonicity?

Women quite often do not take the increased tone seriously and do not take any measures to stop it. This is due to the ignorance of the fair sex, which is dangerous for the tone of the uterus. Serious complications of myometrial hypertonicity include:


Methods of treatment of uterine tone and prevention of its manifestation

Due to the development of information technology and the Internet, many pregnant women begin to look for answers to the question "how to remove the tone of the uterus" in the open spaces of the forums. The most frequently discussed topic on such pages is the tone of the uterus, how to remove such a condition at home. This is the most basic mistake that can be fatal. How to remove the tone of the uterus during pregnancy, depending on the etiology, only obstetrician-gynecologists know and only in a hospital setting.

How to remove the tone of the uterus with the help of drug therapy?


Preventive measures in the development of uterine hypertonicity are:


If any symptom of a pathological course of pregnancy occurs, you should immediately seek help from a medical institution!

Consequences and complications of pregnancy with uterine hypertonicity

As can be seen from the above, the main consequences of increased uterine tone are conditions that aggravate the course of this pregnancy and can lead to the death of both the fetus at birth with signs of deep prematurity, and the death of the woman herself, if we are talking about detachment of a normally located placenta or central presentation due to the occurrence of pathological uterine tone.

Serious consequences can result in uterine tone during pregnancy, the symptoms of which every pregnant woman should know in order to protect herself and her unborn child from the complications of this condition