The air surrounding the earth has a mass, and despite the fact that the mass of the atmosphere is about a million times smaller than the mass of the Earth (the total mass of the atmosphere is 5.2 * 10 21 g, and 1 m 3 of air in the earth's surface weighs 1,033 kg), this The mass of air puts pressure on all objects on the earth's surface. The force with which the air presses on the earth's surface is called atmospheric pressure.

At each of us, the air column is 15 tons. Such pressure is capable of crushing all the living. Why don't we feel it? This is explained by the fact that the pressure inside our body is equal to the atmospheric.

Thus, the internal and external pressure is balanced.

Barometer

Atmospheric pressure is measured in millimeters of a mercury pillar (mm Hg. Art.). To determine it, use a special device - barometer (from Greek. Baros - gravity, weight and metreo - measure). There are mercury and naughty barometers.

Bazeless barometers got a name barometers-aneroids (from Greek. A - negative particle, NERYS - water, i.e. acting without liquid help) (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1. Barometer-aneroid: 1 - metal box; 2 - spring; 3 - transmitting mechanism; 4 - pointer arrow; 5 - scale

Normal atmospheric pressure

For normal atmospheric pressure, air pressure at sea level is conditionally adopted on a latitude of 45 ° and at a temperature of 0 ° C. In this case, the atmosphere presses for each 1 cm 2 of the earth's surface with a force of 1.033 kg, and the mass of this air is equilibrated by a mercury column with a height of 760 mm.

Torricelli experience

The value of 760 mm was first obtained in 1644. Evangelist Torrichelli (1608-1647) and Vincenzo Viviani (1622-1703) - students of the ingenious Italian scientist Galileo Galileo.

E. Torricelli sealed a long glass tube with divisions from one end, filled with mercury and lowered in a cup with mercury (the first mercury barometer was invented, which was called Torricelli tube). The level of mercury in the tube decreased, as part of mercury poured into a cup and set up at 760 millimeters. Above the mercury column was formed emptiness that was named Torricelli void (Fig. 2).

E. Torricechelli believed that the pressure of the atmosphere on the surface of mercury in a cup is balanced by the weight of the mercury post in the tube. The height of this pillar above sea level - 760 mm Hg. Art.

Fig. 2. Experience Torricelli

1 Pa \u003d 10 -5 bar; 1 bar \u003d 0.98 atm.

Elevated and reduced atmospheric pressure

Air pressure on our planet may vary widely. If the air pressure is greater than 760 mm Hg. st., then it is considered increased less - reduced.

Since the lifting up air is becoming increasingly rarefied, the atmospheric pressure decreases (in the troposphere, an average of 1 mm for every 10.5 m lifting). Therefore, for the territories located at different height above sea level, the average will be atmospheric pressure. For example, Moscow lies at an altitude of 120 m above sea level, so the average atmospheric pressure for it is 748 mm Hg. Art.

Atmospheric pressure during the day rises twice (in the morning and evening) and decreases twice (after noon and after midnight). These changes are associated with a change and movement of air. During the year, in the continent, the maximum pressure is observed in winter when the air is percooled and is compacted, and the minimum one.

The distribution of atmospheric pressure on the earth's surface wears a pronounced zonal character. This is due to the uneven heating of the earth's surface, and consequently, the change in pressure.

On the globe, three belts are distinguished with a predominance of low atmospheric pressure (minima) and four belts with a predominance of high (maxima).

In equatorial latitudes, the surface of the Earth is strongly heated. The heated air expands, it becomes easier and therefore rises up. As a result, a low atmospheric pressure is installed near the Ecuator.

Poles under the influence of low temperature air becomes heavier and lowered. Therefore, the poles atmospheric pressure, elevated compared with 10-65 ° latitions.

In the high layers of the atmosphere, on the contrary, over hot regions, the pressure is high (albeit lower than that of the earth's surface), and above the cold - low.

The overall diagram of the distribution of atmospheric pressure is such (Fig. 3): Low pressure belt is located along the equator; 30-40 ° latitude of both hemispheres - high pressure belts; 60-70 ° latitude - low pressure zones; In the saturated areas - high pressure areas.

As a result of the fact that in moderate latitudes of the northern hemisphere in winter, atmospheric pressure over the continents increases greatly, low pressure belt is interrupted. It remains only over the oceans in the form of closed areas of reduced pressure - Icelandic and Aleutian minima. Over the continents, on the contrary, winter highs are formed: Asian and North American.

Fig. 3. General atmospheric pressure distribution scheme

In summer, in moderate latitudes of the northern hemisphere, a reduced atmospheric pressure belt is restored. A huge area of \u200b\u200breduced atmospheric pressure with a center in tropical latitudes is an Asian minimum - formed above Asia.

In tropical latitudes, the continent is always stronger than oceans, and pressure above them are lower. Thus, over the oceans throughout the year there are highs: North-Atlantic (Azore), North-Pacific, South Atlantic, South Pacific and South Indian.

Lines that are connected on the climate card with the following atmospheric pressure, called fromobami (from Greek. ISOS is equal and Baros - heaviness, weight).

The closer the isobar to each other, the faster the atmospheric pressure changes at a distance. The value of the change in atmospheric pressure per unit distance (100 km) is called baric gradient.

The formation of atmospheric pressure belts in the earth's surface is influenced by the uneven distribution of solar heat and the rotation of the Earth. Depending on the time of the year, both hemisphere of the Earth is heated by the sun in different ways. This causes some movement of atmospheric pressure belts: in the summer - to the north, in winter - to the south.

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  • Member: Vertushkin Ivan Aleksandrovich
  • Leader: Vinogradova Elena Anatolyevna
Topic: "Atmospheric Pressure"

Introduction

Rain goes outside the window. After the rain, the air temperature decreased, the humidity increased and the atmospheric pressure decreased. The atmospheric pressure is one of the main factors that determine the weather and climate and climate, therefore, the knowledge of atmospheric pressure is necessary in weather forecasting. Much practical significance is the ability to measure atmospheric pressure. And it can be measured by special barometers. In liquid barometers, when changing the weather, the liquid column decreases or rises.

Knowledge of atmospheric pressure is needed in medicine, in technological processes, human life and all living organisms. There is a direct connection between changes in atmospheric pressure and weather changes. Growth or decrease in atmospheric pressure can be a sign of a change in weather and affects human well-being.

Description Three interrelated physical phenomena from everyday life:

  • Communication between weather and atmospheric pressure.
  • The phenomena underlying the operation of the instruments for measuring atmospheric pressure.

Relevance of work

The relevance of the chosen theme is that at all times people, thanks to their observations, animal behavior could predict the weather changes, natural disasters, avoid human victims.

The effect of atmospheric pressure on our organism is inevitable, sharp changes in atmospheric pressure affect human well-being, and meteo-dependent people suffer. Of course, we cannot reduce the effect of atmospheric pressure on human health, but we can help your own organism. Properly organize your day, distribute the time between work and rest can help the ability to measure atmospheric pressure, knowledge of folk will accept, the use of homemade devices.

Purpose of work: To find out what role atmospheric pressure plays in the daily life of a person.

Tasks:

  • Examine the history of measurement of atmospheric pressure.
  • Install, whether there is a connection between weather and atmospheric pressure.
  • Examine the types of devices designed to measure atmospheric pressure produced by a person.
  • To study the physical phenomena underlying the operation of the instruments for measuring atmospheric pressure.
  • The dependence of the pressure of the fluid on the height of the fluid column in liquid barometers.

Research methods

  • Analysis of literature.
  • Generalization of the information received.
  • Observations.

Field of study:atmosphere pressure

Hypothesis: Atmospheric pressure is essential for humans. .

Significance of work: The material of this work can be used in the lessons and in extracurricular activities, in the life of my classmates, students of our school, all lovers of nature studies.

Work plan

I. Theoretical part (collection of information):

  1. Review and analysis of literature.
  2. Internet resources.

II. Practical part:

  • observations;
  • collection of weather information.

III. Final part:

  1. Conclusions.
  2. Presentation of work.

History of measurement of atmospheric pressure

We live at the bottom of the enormous ocean, called the atmosphere. All changes that occur in the atmosphere must necessarily influence a person, on his health, ways of life, because Man is an integral part of nature. Each of the factors determining the weather: atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, in the air of ozone and oxygen, radioactivity, magnetic storms, etc. It has a direct or indirect effect on the well-being and human health. Let's focus on atmospheric pressure.

Atmosphere pressure - This is the pressure of the atmosphere on all objects in it and earth surface.

In 1640, the Grand Duke Tuscan decided to arrange a fountain on the terrace of his palace and ordered to do this to bring water from the nearest lake using the suction pump. The invited Florentine masters said that it was impossible, because the water had to be sucking at a height of more than 32 feet (more than 10 meters). And why the water is not absorbed in such a height, could not explain. Duke asked to deal with the great scientist Italy Galileo Galilee. Although the scientist has already been old and sick and could not work by experiments, he still suggested that the decision of the issue lies in the field of determining the weight of the air and its pressure on the water surface of the lake. For the resolution of this issue, the student of the Galilee Evangelist Torricechelli took. To check the hypothesis of his teacher, he spent his famous experience. A glass tube with a length of 1 m, sealed from one end, filled with completely mercury, and tightly closing the open end of the tube, turned it with this end in a cup with mercury. Part of mercury from the tube broke out, the part remained. An airless space was formed over mercury. The atmosphere presses on mercury in a cup, mercury in the tube also presses on mercury in a cup, since equilibrium has been established, then these pressures are equal. Calculate the mercury pressure in the tube means to calculate the pressure of the atmosphere. If the atmospheric pressure increases or decreases, the mercury column in the tube increases, respectively or decreases. So the unit of measurement of atmospheric pressure appeared - mm. RT. Art. - Millimeter mercury pillar. Watching the level of mercury in the tube, Torricelli noticed that the level changes, it means that it is not constant and depends on the weather change. If the pressure rises, the weather will be good: cold - winter, hot - in summer. If the pressure decreases sharply, it means that the appearance of cloudiness and saturation of air moisture is expected. Torricelli tube with attached ruler is the first device for measuring atmospheric pressure - mercury barometer. (Attachment 1)

Created barometers and other scientists: Robert Guk, Robert Boyl, Emil Marriot. Water barometers constructed French scientist Blaze Pascal and German Burgomaster of Magdeburg Otto von Gerica. The height of such a barometer was more than 10 meters.

For pressure measurement, various units are used: mm mercury post, physical atmospheres, in the SI-Pascal system.

Communication between weather and atmospheric pressure

In Roman Zhula, the "Fifteen-year-old captain" is interested in the description of how to understand the testimony of the barometer.

"Captain Gul, a good meteorologist, taught him to understand the testimony of the barometer. We will briefly tell you how to use this wonderful device.

  1. When, after a long period of good weather, the barometer begins to sharply and continuously fall this faithful sign of rain. However, if a good weather stood for a very long time, then mercury column can go down to two or three days, and only after that will occur in the atmosphere any noticeable changes. In such cases, the more time there was between the beginning of the fall of a mercury pillar and the beginning of the rain, the longer the rainy weather will be.
  2. On the contrary, if during the long period of rains, the barometer will begin slowly, but continuously rise, it is safe to predict the offensive of good weather. And good weather will keep the longer the longer the longer the time passed between the beginning of the risk of mercury pillar and the first clear day.
  3. In both cases, the change in the weather that happened immediately after lifting or falling the mercury pillar, is held very short time.
  4. If the barometer is slowly, but continuously rises within two or three days and longer, it foreshadows good weather, at least all these days and lil, without stopping, raining, and Vice Versa. But if the barometer slowly rises in rainy days, and with the onset of good weather immediately begins to fall, the good weather will keep very long, and Vice Versa
  5. In the spring and autumn, a sharp drop of a barometer foreshadows windy weather. In the summer, in severe heat, it predicts a thunderstorm. In winter, especially after prolonged frosts, the rapid drop in the mercury pillar speaks of the upcoming change of wind direction, accompanied by thaw and rain. On the contrary, the increase in mercury table Ba during long frosts foreshadows snowfall.
  6. Frequent oscillations of the level of mercury pillar, then rising, then falling, in no case should be considered as a sign of a long-term approximation; Period of dry or rainy weather. Only a gradual and slow fall or increasing mercury pillar foreshadows the onset of a long period of sustainable weather.
  7. When at the end of autumn, after a long period of winds and rains, the barometer begins to rise, it foreshadows the northern wind in the offensive of frosts.

Here are general conclusions that can be made from the testimony of this valuable device. Dick Sand perfectly knew how to understand the predictions of the barometer and many times convinced how correct they are. Every day he was advised to be with his barometer so as not to be caught by the surprise of weather. "

I conducted observations of weather change and atmospheric pressure. And made sure that there is this addiction.

date

Temperature,° S.

Precipitation,

Atmospheric pressure, mm Hg.st.

Cloud

mainly cloudy

mainly cloudy

mainly cloudy

mainly cloudy

mainly cloudy

mainly cloudy

mainly cloudy

Measuring atmospheric pressure

For scientific and everyday purposes, you should be able to measure atmospheric pressure. For this, there are special devices - barometers. Normal atmospheric pressure is called pressure at sea level at 15 ° C. It is 760 mm Hg. Art. We know that when the height of 12 meters is changed, the atmospheric pressure changes by 1 mm Hg. Art. Moreover, with an increase in height, the atmospheric pressure decreases, and when decreasing - rises.

The modern barometer is made to the naughty. It is called barometer aneroid. Metal barometers are less accurate, but not so cumbersome and fragile.

- Very sensitive device. For example, climbing the last floor of the nine-storey house, due to the difference in atmospheric pressure at different heights, we will detect a reduction in atmospheric pressure by 2-3 mm Hg. Art.


The barometer can serve to determine the height of the flight of the aircraft. Such a barometer is called barometric altimeter or altimeter. The idea of \u200b\u200bthe experience of Pascal was based on the design of the altimeter. It determines the height of the rise above the sea level by changing the atmospheric pressure.

When observing the weather in meteorology, if you need to register the fluctuations in atmospheric pressure for a certain period of time, use the self-safe device - barograph.


(Storm Glass) (Storm Hells, Netherl. storm - "storm" and glass. - "Glass") is a chemical or crystalline barometer consisting of a glass flask or ampoule filled with alcoholic solution, in which camphor was dissolved in certain proportions, ammonia and a potash salter.


This chemical barometer was actively used during his marine travel English hydrograph and meteorologist, Vice Admiral Robert Fitzroy, who thoroughly described the behavior of the barometer, this description is still used. Therefore, the storm diagram is also called a "fizz barometer". In 1831-36, Fitzroy headed the oceanographic expedition on the Bigl ship, in which Charles Darwin participated.

The barometer works as follows. The flask is hermetically sealed, but, nevertheless, it constantly occurs in it and the disappearance of crystals. Depending on the upcoming changes in weather, crystals of various shapes are formed in the liquid. The stormballs are so sensitive that it can predict a sharp change in the weather in 10 minutes to that. The principle of work has not received a complete scientific explanation. The barometer works better from the window, especially in reinforced concrete houses, probably in this case the barometer is not so shielded.


Baroscope - Device for monitoring the change in atmospheric pressure. You can make a baroskop with your own hands. For the manufacture of a Baroskop, the following equipment is required: glass pot of 0.5 liters.


  1. A piece of film from a balloon.
  2. Rubber ring.
  3. Light straw arrow.
  4. Wire for mounting the arrow.
  5. Vertical scale.
  6. The body of the device.

The dependence of fluid pressure on the height of the fluid column in liquid barometers

When a change in atmospheric pressure in liquid barometers, the height of the fluid pillar (water or mercury) changes: with a decrease in pressure, it decreases, with an increase increases. It means that there is a dependence of the height of the fluid pole from atmospheric pressure. But the fluid itself presses on the bottom and the walls of the vessel.

The French scientist B. Pascal in the middle of the XVII century empirically established the law called the law of Pascal:

The pressure in liquid or gas is transmitted in all directions equally and does not depend on the orientation of the site to which it acts.

To illustrate the Law of Pascal, the figure shows a small rectangular prism, immersed in liquid. If we assume that the density of the prism material is equal to the density of the fluid, then the prism should be in the liquid in a state of indifferent equilibrium. This means that the pressure forces acting on the verge of prisms must be balanced. This will occur only if the pressure, i.e., the forces acting on the unit of the surface of each face are the same: p. 1 = p. 2 = p. 3 = p..


The fluid pressure on the bottom or side walls of the vessel depends on the height of the fluid column. Pressure force on the bottom of the cylindrical vessel height h. and base area S. equal to the weight of the fluid column mG.where m. = ρ gHS. - The mass of fluid in the vessel, ρ is the density of the liquid. Consequently p \u003d ρ gHS. / S.

The same pressure at depth h. In accordance with the law of Pascal, the liquid also has on the side walls of the vessel. Fluid Plus Pressure ρ gH. Call hydrostatic pressure.

In many devices encountered to us in life, fluid pressure and gases are used: reporting vessels, water supply, hydraulic press, gateways, fountains, artesian well, etc.

Conclusion

The atmospheric pressure is measured in order to predict a possible change in weather with greater probability. There is a direct connection between pressure changes and weather changes. Growth or decrease in atmospheric pressure with some probability can be a sign of changing weather. It is necessary to know: if the pressure falls, then the cloudy, rainy weather is expected, if it rises - dry weather, with cold weather in winter. If the pressure drops very sharply - it is possible serious bad weather: a storm, a strong thunderstorm or a storm.

In antiquity, doctors wrote about the influence of the weather on the human body. In Tibetan medicine there is a mention: "Sustainacles are intensified on rainy time and in the period of large winds." The famous Alchemist, doctor Paracels noted: "To the one who studied winds, lightning and weather, the origin of the disease is known."

In order for man to be comfortable, the atmospheric pressure should be 760 mm. RT. Art. If the atmospheric pressure is deflected, at least 10 mm, in one direction or another, a person feels not comfortable and it can affect his state of health. Adverse phenomena are observed during the change in atmospheric pressure - increase (compression) and especially its reduction (decompression) to normal. The slower the pressure change occurs, the better and without adverse effects adapts to him the human body.

The well-being of some people depends on the weather. With a normal atmospheric pressure, their condition remains stable, but under any changes, its deterioration is observed.

What is atmospheric pressure?

Pressure atmospheric is the mass of air, giving up a human body. The average is 1.033 per 1 cm³. From this it follows that every minute a mass of the body is controlled by 10-15 tons of gaseous substance.

Normal value - 1013.25 mbar or 760 mm Hg. Art. In such conditions, the organism is not subject to any negative impacts.

What does it depend on?

The pressure indicator does not have stability. It changes every day depending on the location of the area above sea level, relief, climate, weather conditions. There are other factors, from which the atmospheric pressure depends. These oscillations can not be noticed. For example, at night, the barometer's column increases by 1-2 divisions.

Unnecessary changes do not affect the state of human health. If the drops are reached 5-10 units, well-being deterioration. In addition, significant pressure jumps may cause fatal outcome.

The pressure of the atmosphere is measured using thermohygrometers and barometers. For this purpose, such measuring units are used:

  • mm RT. Art. (millimeters of mercury pillar);
  • Pascali;
  • bars;
  • kgf / cm²;
  • atmosphere.

What atmospheric pressure is considered normal for a person?

Standard is considered to be 760 mm. RT. Art. These norms for a person may differ depending on the living conditions. For example, in Mexico City, the pressure does not rise above 570 mm RT. Art., Because The capital of Mexico is high above sea level. People who live in this area are difficult to carry other conditions. It follows from this that the normal atmospheric index of the pressure is individual for each region and is determined by the usual medium.

What effect does it have per person?

Atmospheric and blood pressure has a close relationship. Reducing the values \u200b\u200bof the barometer leads to such negative manifestations:

  • breathing disorder;
  • reduction of heart rate;
  • apathy and sense of sleepiness;
  • reduction of blood pressure;
  • increased fatigue;
  • headaches;
  • dizziness;
  • subtaching;
  • digestive disorders;
  • violation of the concentration of attention.

In the risk category there are people with pathologies of the respiratory system and hypotension. Their condition deteriorates in such conditions. If no negative changes are observed, then such atmospheric pressure is considered normal for humans.

Increased blood pressure may also cause self-election violation. In this case, the signs will differ:

  • dizziness;
  • hum in the ears;
  • an increase in blood pressure;
  • feeling of pulsation in the field of temples;
  • redness of the skin of the face;
  • cardiac rhythm;
  • "Sparkle" before your eyes;
  • headache;
  • cooking for vomiting.

In the conditions of increased barometer indicators, heart attacks and strokes often occur. People prone to meteo-dependence, medical professionals are recommended during this period to avoid stress and active activities.

What is meteo-dependence?

If mercury for 3 hours is more than 1 barometer division, it causes significant stress even for a healthy body. Such jumps are manifested in the form of fatigue, drowsiness and migraine. Weather dependence is called the sensitivity of people to changing weather conditions. About 1/3 of the world's population faces this problem. The risk group includes people with pathologies of respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular systems, as well as elderly patients.

To minimize the negative effects of meteocyclone, it is necessary to follow such recommendations:

  1. Even if normal atmospheric importance prevails in the area, you need to regularly undergo medical advice. At the same time, it is always necessary to have medications designated by a doctor.
  2. To track weather changes, it is recommended to purchase a barometer. So you can take timely measures to minimize discomfort.
  3. Before the expected weather changes, it is recommended to go to bed before the usual time. Full sleep lasts 8 hours. This allows you to achieve maximum restoring action.
  4. People with meteo-dependence is also important to eat on schedule. In this case, the diet must be balanced. It needs to include as many products as possible, which contains a lot of calcium, magnesium, potassium.
  5. Additionally, you can use vitamin complexes, especially in autumn and spring.
  6. Walking on the street and moderate physical exertion strengthen the heart muscle.
  7. Stresses should be avoided. To postpone homework better than the exhaust the body in front of the approaching meteocyclone.
  8. Positive way. If a person has an emotional background, it focuses the disease.
  9. The objects of the wardrobe from synthetics and fur form static electricity, which can worsen the state of meteo-dependent people.
  10. People working in high spirits are much more frequent of others suffer from climate change. If you have the opportunity, it is better to take the rang. If the well-being deteriorates often, it is recommended to change the work.
  11. Prolonged meteocyclone predicts uncomfortable sensations for 2-3 days. If possible, for this period it is better to go to a more relaxed area.

It should also be understood that meteo-dependence has a secondary character. Climatic conditions only expose vulnerable areas of the body. For example, if a person has no problems with bones and joints, they will not be sick with increasing or changing blood pressure.

Pressure standards in different regions of the country

Atmospheric pressure in different regions of the state is different. At the same time, residents of the mountainous area are immune to the drops of temperature and humidity, because They grew up in such conditions and adapted to them.

Table "The rate of atmospheric pressure for the regions of Russia"

Russia is a large state, therefore in different regions there is its own rate of atmospheric. There is a climate card on which the average values \u200b\u200bare displayed.

Deviations in the pressure of pressure on Russian regions are reflected in the table.

The atmosphere of the Earth contains various gases in its composition, the main of which is oxygen and nitrogen. From the ground, it rises to a height of up to 9000 km. Thus, the atmosphere is a defender of the planet. Oxygen and nitrogen give life to everything alive on earth. The pressure of the atmosphere is strongly valid on our planet. Specialists approve, what on the man have to pressure in 16 tons. However, due to the fact that inside a person the pressure is balanced with atmospheric, it does not feel such global changes.

Measuring atmospheric pressure

According to generally accepted standards, per unit for measuring the pressure is made to take millimeters of a mercury pillar. Abbreviated - mm. RT. Art. To determine the device is used, called barometer. Barometers are divided into mercury and naughty. The second is the name of the barometers-aneroid. The barometer is represented by a glass tube that is posted on one side. Inside this tube is placed mercury. During the experiment, the open end of the tube is lowered into a vessel, not completely filled with mercury. As the pressure decay occurs or decay, mercury in the tube begins to grow, and vice versa. Official unit for measuring - Pascal.
Important! Kilopascal or kPa is a unit of measuring the pressure of the mechanical voltage in the SI system. Megapascal or MPa is a metric unit of measurement. If you translate these units, then we get 1 MPa is 1000 kPa.

Atmospheric pressure rate

The atmospheric impact is considered normal when the air pressure is at sea level on a latitude of 45°. The temperature indicator is 0 degrees Celsius. In 1644, thanks to the Evangelist Torrechelie and Vincenzo Viviani, a value of 760 mm was obtained. It is worth noting that these openers were students at the most. A person feels most comfortable at standard values \u200b\u200bof 750-760 mm. RT. Art.However, these readings cannot be absolutely accurate for all regions within a full year.

Increase and lower pressure

The atmospheric effect increases when the air pressure exceeds the rate of 760 mm. RT. Art. If on the contrary, it decreases.Within 24 hours in the morning and evening, the pressure increases significantly. Low exposure to the atmosphere is observed after noon and after midnight. These changes are due to the fact that the temperature difference and movement of air occurs. There are 3 belts on Earth, which prevails low atmospheric pressure, and 4 belts with high. Due to the fact that the heat from the sun and the rotation of the Earth occurs unevenly, atmospheric pressure belts are formed on the globe. During the year, the Sun heats the Hemisphere of the Earth is not equally. Heating varies depending on what time of year to one or another period.
Important! Experts revealed a decline of atmospheric influence in Moscow, which is 727 mm. RT. Art. In 2015, in Moscow there was an abnormal pressure equal to 778 mm. RT. Art. Plus Moscow is located on the border of the extensive cyclone, the central region of which is located above Latvia.

Impact on man. Anticyclone

An anticyclone call the growth of barometric effects. In such periods, there is no significant wind on the street, solar weather predominates, the temperature is not characterized by sharp changes. The level of humidity remains normal. Anticyclone poorly affects human health. Pressure change has adverse effects, especially on people having allergies, asthmatics and those who have increased blood pressure. A man has a headache during the anticyclone, and heart pains are tormented. It is believed that the performance falls at such periods, ailment appears. Depending on the height of the anticyclone, there is an effective or inefficient protection of the body from diseases.
Important! In order to easier to transfer the anticyclone, experts recommend it to variable with hot and cold water in the shower, more to use fruits in which potassium has, make a light gymnastics. To improve the work of the immune and nervous system, it is necessary for a certain time to forget about serious affairs capable of shaking health. On such days, a person suffering from negative symptoms should pay more time to restore forces.

Cyclone

The cyclone is called the period when the atmospheric effect is reduced. The temperature during the cyclone increases, it becomes cloudy, the humidity and the level of precipitation increases, as well as during the anticyclone. During the cyclone, some groups of people cannot calmly carry the change in weather and pressure. Cyclone poorly tolerate people who have problems with respiratory functions, low blood pressure, as well as those who have problems with the cardiovascular system. With cyclone, the amount of oxygen is reduced, As a result, it becomes hard to breathe, shortness of breath appears. Patients complain of weakness. There is an increase in cerebral circulation, as a result of which a person torments migraine. No matter how many symptoms are, experts advise to drink water abundantly, take a contrasting shower. It is also necessary that a person is well poured. In the morning, the favorite cup of coffee will not hurt. Despite the fact that the current pressure is reduced or elevated, it is necessary to drink a tincture of lemongrass and ginseng.

Atmospheric pressure in the mountains

A man eager to conquer high mountains knows that the campaign can be unsafe. For example,the height of 3000 meters causes a decrease in performance, and at 6000 m, a person can hardly survive. It is explained by the fact that pressure decreases twice, a person lacks oxygen, it is difficult for him to survive. However, it all depends on what climatic conditions are a climer. If you take the wet marine climate of Kamchatka, then there a person will be uncomfortable to feel at an altitude of 1000 meters. The dry continental climate in the Himalayas allows the climber in most cases, do not feel difficult when lifting up to 5000 meters. Different heights and their influence:
  • 5000 meters- There is a lack of oxygen, which is why the climber can lose consciousness.
  • 6000 meters- the greatest height for permanent human settlements.
  • 8882 meters- Height. Here a person adapted to such height can live a few hours. At this height, the boiling point will be +68 degrees Celsius.
  • 13 500 meters - Approximately at such a height of the climber in the power to survive, breathing with pure oxygen. This height is maximum for survival without external protection.
  • 20 000 meters- At this height, a person almost immediately dies if it is outside the hermetic cabin.
For more immersion in the topic of atmospheric pressure, we recommend watching a video:

Meetable people are more often interested in which atmospheric pressure is considered normal for humans. The weight of the air mass is so large that the human body is withstanding the load over 15 tons. Do not feel such a load helps compensation, which is carried out by the pressure of internal organs. When, due to malfunction in the body, the adaptation system does not cope, a meteo-dependent person becomes a slave of weather cataclysm. The symptomy intensity depends on how low or high will be blood pressure.

What does the barometer mean?

It is known that the power of the pressure of the Earth's air shell per 1 cm² of the surface is equalized by the mercury with a height of 760 mm. This indicator is passed for the norm. When the barometer gives the result above 760 mm mercury pillars, they say an increased atmospheric pressure, when less than 760 mm Hg. Art. - About low. Given the fact that the surface of the earth is heated unevenly and non-uniform relief (mountain, lowlands) of the barometer will differ.

Specify your pressure

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Favorable weather

Each person is unique. There will also be a unique rate of atmospheric pressure for it. Someone will not notice the flight to another climatic zone, and someone will feel the cyclone approximation, which will manifest itself with a headache and "twisting" knees. Others climbed higher to the mountains and feel wonderful, not paying attention to the fired air. A combination of natural and weather conditions under which you can feel comfortable and there is a normal atmospheric pressure for a person. The older the person becomes, the stronger it feels climate change.

Table of optimal weather conditions

Everyone is experiencing an influence of not only the atmosphere pressure, but also air temperature, humidity both on the street and in the house. Optimal indicators and possible consequences of deviations from the norm are filed in the table:

ParameterNormDeviation
Atmosphere pressure750-760 mm RT. Art.above 760 mm Hg. Art.less than 750 mm Hg. Art.
InfluenceComfortable for human well-being.
  • headache,
  • weakness,
  • reduced immunity.
  • pulse is expected
  • breathing difficult
  • increased content of leukocytes in the blood.
Air temperature18-20 ° C.Above 25 ° CLess than 16 ° C
ImpactSuitable for work, rest, sleep.Excess air temperature, even 5 ° C, the norm leads to a significant decrease in performance, overwork.
  • the rate of mental processes slows down,
  • it is difficult to switch from one task to another.
Humidity50-55% Less than 45%More than 60%
EffectComfortable for well-being.The mucous surface of the nasopharynx dries, its ability to withstand viruses and bacteria decreases.The body resistance is reduced cold.

What is meteo-dependence?

Meteo-dependence is the inability of the human body will adapt to changing weather conditions.

For meteo-dependence, people suffering from vegetative dystonia, hypertensive disease, atherosclerosis, and endocrine diseases are more predispose. Baroreceptors of our organs react to the approximation of cyclone or anticyclone, reducing or increasing blood pressure, making dependent on weather conditions.

The effect of high atmospheric pressure on arterial

The body has the ability to level atmospheric pressure with arterile.

The growth of atmospheric pressure forces blood pressure to align the imbalance. Blood pressure decreases, the walls of the vessels are expanding. The consequences of hypotension:

  • worried poor well-being and general weakness;
  • torment headaches;
  • there is an unpleasant "concurrant" in the ears;
  • chronic diseases are exacerbated.

The chemical composition of the blood under these conditions will show a decrease in leukocyte levels, which means that the immune system will be harder to cope with infection or the virus. The best solution in such a situation:

  • do not overvolt and relax well;
  • limit the taking of alcoholic beverages at this time;
  • enrich the diet with products containing potassium (dried fruits) and magnesium (cereal cereal, rye bread).

Effect of reduced atmospheric pressure per person

The fall in atmospheric pressure when changing the weather leads to the appearance of symptoms that are similar to mountain ascent. Insufficient amount of oxygen is unable to saturate human body organs. A shortness of breath appears, the heart knocks more often the pain presses in the temples and the hoop compresses his head. People with elevated intracranial pressure, head injuries, cardiovascular diseases react to this.