Oval is a closed convex plane curve. The simplest example of an oval is a circle. It is not difficult to draw a circle, but it is allowed to build an oval with the help of a compass and a ruler.

You will need

  • - compass;
  • - ruler;
  • - pencil.

Instruction

1. Let us know the width of the oval, i.e. its horizontal axis. Let's build a segment AB different from the horizontal axis. We divide this segment into three equal parts by points C and D.

2. From points C and D, as from centers, we construct circles with a radius equal to the distance between points C and D. We denote the intersection points of the circles by the letters E and F.

3. Unite points C and F, D and F, C and E, D and E. These lines intersect the circles at four points. Let's call these points G, H, I, J respectively.

4. Note that the distances EI, EJ, FG, FH are equal. Let's denote this distance as R. From point E as from the center we draw an arc with radius R, connecting points I and J. Let's unite points G and H with an arc of radius R with center at point F. Thus, we can consider the oval to be built.

5. Let now the length and width of the oval be known, i.e. both axes of symmetry. Let's draw two perpendicular lines. Let these lines intersect at a point O. On a horizontal line, we plot a segment AB with a center at a point O, equal to the length of the oval. On a vertical line, we plot a segment CD centered at the point O, equal to the width of the oval.

6. We unite the straight points C and B. From the point O, as from the center, we draw an arc of radius OB connecting the lines AB and CD. The point of intersection with the line CD will be called the point E.

7. Draw an arc from point C with radius CE so that it intersects segment CB. Denote the point of intersection by point F. Denote the distance FB by Z. From points F and B, as from centers, draw two intersecting arcs of radius Z.

8. We connect the intersection points of 2 arcs with a straight line and call the points of intersection of this line with the axes of symmetry points G and H. Set aside the point G* symmetrically to the point G tangent to the point O. And set aside the point H* symmetrically to the point H tangent to the point O.

9. We connect points H and G*, H* and G*, H* and G with straight lines. Let's denote the distance HC as R and the distance GB as R*.

10. From the point H as from the center we draw an arc of radius R intersecting the lines HG and HG*. From the point H* as from the center we draw an arc of radius R intersecting the lines H*G* and H*G. From the points G and G* as from the centers we draw arcs with radius R*, closing the resulting figure. The construction of the oval is completed.

Not everyone knows that an ellipse and an oval are different geometric shapes, although they are outwardly similar. Unlike an oval, an ellipse has the correct shape, and it will not work to draw it with the support of a compass alone.

You will need

  • - paper;
  • - pencil;
  • - ruler;
  • - circular.

Instruction

1. Take paper and pencil, draw two straight lines perpendicular to each other. Place a compass at the point where they intersect and draw two circles of different diameters. In this case, the smaller circle will have a diameter equal to the width, that is, the minor axis of the ellipse, and the huge circle will correspond to the length, that is, the major axis.

2. Divide the huge circle into twelve equal parts. With straight lines that will pass through the center, unite the division points located opposite. As a result, you will also divide the smaller circle into twelve equal segments.

3. Number. Make it so that the highest point in the circle is called point 1. Further from the points on the large circle, draw down vertical lines. At the same time, skip points 1, 4, 7 and 10. From the points on the small circle corresponding to the points on the large circle, draw horizontal lines that will intersect with the verticals.

4. Combine the points with a smooth oblique where the verticals and horizontals and points 1, 4, 7, 10 intersect on a small circle. The result is a correctly constructed ellipse.

5. Try another method for constructing an ellipse. On paper, draw a rectangle with a height and width equal to the height and width of the ellipse. Draw two intersecting lines that will divide the rectangle into four parts.

6. Use a compass to draw a circle that intersects the long line in the middle. At the same time, place the compass rod in the center of the side of the rectangle. The radius of the circle should be equal to half the length of the side of the figure.

7. Mark the points where the circle intersects the vertical midline, stick two pins into them. Place a third pin at the end of the middle line, tie all three with linen thread.

8. Remove the third pin, put a pencil in its place. Draw a curve using thread tension. An ellipse will turn out if all the actions were performed correctly.

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Despite the fact that the ellipse and the oval are outwardly very similar, they are geometrically different figures. And if it is possible to draw an oval only with a compass, then it is unthinkable to draw a true ellipse with a compass. It turns out that we consider two methods for constructing an ellipse on a plane.

Instruction

1. The 1st and most primitive method of drawing an ellipse. Draw two straight lines perpendicular to each other. From the point of their intersection with a compass, draw two circles of different sizes: the diameter of the smaller circle is equal to the given width of the ellipse or the minor axis, the diameter of the larger one is the length of the ellipse, the major axis.

2. Divide the huge circle into twelve equal parts. Unite the points of divisions located opposite each other with straight lines passing through the center. The smaller circle will also be divided into 12 equal parts.

3. Number the points clockwise so that point 1 is the highest point on the circle.

4. From the division points on the larger circle, in addition to points 1, 4, 7 and 10, draw vertical lines down. From the corresponding points lying on a small circle, draw horizontal lines intersecting with vertical ones, i.e. the vertical line from point 2 of the larger circle must intersect with the horizontal line from point 2 of the smaller circle.

5. Unite the smooth oblique intersection points of the vertical and horizontal lines, as well as points 1, 4, 7 and 10 of the small circle. Ellipse is built.

6. For another method of drawing an ellipse, you will need a compass, 3 pins and a strong linen thread. Draw a rectangle whose height and width would be equal to the height and width of the ellipse. Divide the rectangle into 4 equal parts with two intersecting lines.

7. Using a compass, draw a circle that intersects the long center line. To do this, the compass support rod must be installed in the center of one of the sides of the rectangle. The radius of a circle is given by the length of the side of the rectangle divided in half.

8. Mark the points where the circle intersects the middle vertical line.

9. Insert two pins into these points. Insert the third pin into the end of the middle line. Tie all three pins with linen thread.

10. Remove the third pin and use a pencil instead. Using even thread tension, trace the curve. If everything is done correctly, you should get an ellipse.

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The designer is repeatedly faced with the need to build arc given curvature. Parts of buildings, spans of bridges, fragments of parts in mechanical engineering can have such a shape. The thesis of building an arch in any kind of design is no different from what a student has to do in a drawing or geometry lesson.

You will need

  • - paper;
  • - ruler;
  • - protractor
  • - compass;
  • - A computer with AutoCAD software.

Instruction

1. In order to build arc With the help of ordinary drawing tools, you need to know 2 parameters: the radius of the circle and the angle of the sector. They are either set in the conditions of the problem, or they need to be calculated based on other data.

2. Put a dot on the paper. Designate it as O. Draw a straight line from this point and plot the length of the radius on it.

3. Align the zero division of the protractor with point O and set aside this angle. Through this new point, draw a straight line with the beginning at point O and plot the length of the radius on it.

4. Expand the legs of the compass by the size of the radius. Put the needle at point O. Unite the ends of the radii with an arc with a compass pencil.

5. The AutoCAD program allows you to build arc on several parameters. Open the program. In the top menu, find the main tab, and in it - the "Drawing" panel. The program will offer several types of lines. Select the "Arc" option. You can also do it through the command line. Enter the command _arc there and press enter.

6. You will see a list of parameters by which it is allowed to build arc. There are a lot of options: three points, center, beginning and end. It is allowed to erect arc by origin, center, chord length, or internal angle. A variant is proposed for two extreme points and a radius, for the central and final or initial points and an internal corner, etc. Choose the appropriate option depending on what you know.

7. Whatever you prefer, the program will prompt you to enter the necessary parameters. If you are building arc by any three points, it is possible to specify their location with cursor support. It is allowed to specify the coordinates of any point.

8. If among the parameters by which you build arc, you have a corner, the context menu will have to be called 2nd time. First, mark the points specified in the conditions with the cursor or with the support of coordinates, then call the menu and enter the angle size.

9. The algorithm for constructing an arc from two points and the length of a chord is exactly the same as for two points and an angle. True, in this case it should be borne in mind that the chord subtends 2 arcs of the same circle. If you are building a smaller arc, enter the correct value, large - negative.

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How to draw or draw an oval?

For an artist, the ability to draw an oval beautifully and correctly is extremely important. When I was going to write this article, I first read on the Internet what they say about the outline of ovals, so as not to repeat myself.

By the way, let's not confuse an oval with an ellipse. They are similar, but they are not the same. We will consider the ellipse in the topic “circle perspective”.

But about the oval I will say this: the ways of drawing an oval are varied and complex. And it is also important for what purpose we need to draw an oval.

If an oval pattern is required for design work, then I do this in a tricky way. I circle a round object with a pencil twice and connect these circles by hand with arcs.

It is possible with the help of a compass, but I always take the opportunity to develop my eye.

If the hand is true like that of an Indian, then the figure is quite satisfactory.

Another thing is if an oval is needed for a drawing. For example, you have painted the “turtle” coloring page and want to draw the same one in the same way. And not with the help of tracing paper or translation through the window glass, but just to draw (draw) a beautiful even oval.

Children of any age tend to draw an oval in one fell swoop - crooked and tilted to the right. But the outline of such a complex figure is a serious geometric construction.

Let's draw a vertical axis and perpendicular to it - a horizontal one.

If we draw on a ruler, then we check with a square whether the corners are really right. If we draw by hand, then we need to rotate the picture in order to evaluate it from different points of view. From the point of intersection of the axes, we measure in both directions the segments of the same length horizontally - the width of the oval and vertically - the height of the oval. First, slowly, very beautifully, we draw the first curved line that limits one of the four sectors. Here you have to rely on your sense of harmony. We draw the next line symmetrically, again carefully monitoring and dimensional accuracy. Having decided on the sketch of the oval, we erase the extra lines and circle the one we need:

Here, comrades, there are many pitfalls: usually children are in a great hurry. Or, busy drawing details, they do not see the whole. As in the case with the temptation to draw either a rhombus or a rectangle with rounded corners is very strong.

So I repeat again: to draw or draw an oval is not so simple


The question is important not only for beginners, but sometimes for experienced artists. By understanding how to correctly draw a circle in perspective, we can draw a huge number of objects, not just pots and plates.
In general, a brief summary: usually we rarely see round objects frontally. For example, a plate like this

We see much less than this.

Therefore, we need to understand how to correctly depict a plate in a perspective horizontal plane. There is a simple scheme for this.


Most important on the left. We see ovals and a horizon line, with respect to which we usually draw all objects. At the level of the horizon line, the oval either turns into a line, or is very narrow. The higher or lower, the rounder the oval becomes, all lines that are closer to us according to the law of perspective will be thicker, everything that is further away will be thinner. If the oval is far below the level of vision, it may become almost round. You can see this very clearly by taking a roll of tape, your ideal nature for practicing this skill. We raise the skein to eye level - ideally, we will see a rectangle, raise it higher and lower and immediately see clearly all the changes.
In the vertical plane, the story is exactly the same, only the diagram must be turned 90 degrees.

Thus, all plates and pots become subject to us, we look at the previous picture of the plate, taking into account new knowledge.

You can draw another oval to show the thickness of the plate, the final result depends on your powers of observation. The skill of drawing ovals trains very well in detailed drawing of simple objects, the same roll of adhesive tape, for example, is great at first.

There is another common mistake when drawing ovals. Many draw two arcs instead of an oval. This should not be allowed, even if your oval is very narrow, always draw fillets in the corners.

Over time, you will be great at finding perspective in almost any object.

Well, after the circles get bored, you can try to draw squares - the principle is the same. There is indeed a nuance with the vanishing point, but more on that another time.

I hope you will not have any more problems with the circle in perspective and your drawings will be correct and accurate. In addition to this post, you can also see

There are many ways to draw an oval. The article presents two of the simplest options: how to draw an oval with a compass, pencil and ruler, without using patterns.

Drawing an oval with a rhombus

  • Before constructing an oval, it is necessary to draw an equilateral, horizontally located rhombus with a larger diagonal.
  • From the upper vertex of the rhombus, draw two segments that will bisect the lower sides of the rhombus. From the other vertex of the rhombus, which is visually located at the bottom, also draw two of the same segments. The result is four triangles: left and right.
  • At the intersection of each pair of triangles, a point should be marked - it is at this point that the leg of the compass should be placed and the arc side walls of the oval should be drawn.
  • From those vertices that were used to draw segments, draw with the help of a compass the missing sides of the oval from above and below.

This method is good for those who wondered: how to draw an oval with a compass?

If the major axis is known

If the size of the major axis of the oval is known, then the construction itself is greatly simplified.

The given axis must be divided into three equal parts, as in the photo:

Measure the distance O1 and O2 - this is the radius. From these points, draw circles with a radius of O1O2, as in the photo:

Let's call the intersection of the circles m and n.

We connect points m and n with O1 and O2, as a result we get straight lines, which must be extended until they intersect with circles. Points 1, 2, 3, 4 in this case are the junction points of the arcs.

Points m, n are considered centers and we draw the maximum radius from each, which is equal to n2 and m3. Arcs 12 and 34 are obtained. An oval is drawn, the result can be compared with this image:

An oval is a geometric figure that is used to display individual parts of interior items, draw animals, and much more. Many are interested in how to draw an oval correctly by hand.

How to draw an oval yourself

To make the drawing beautiful and harmonious, it is necessary to correctly and accurately draw all its elements. However, not everyone knows how to perform an ellipse by hand correctly and beautifully.

To make an ellipse, you need to take:

  • album sheet;
  • ruler;
  • pencil;
  • eraser.

Initially, it is necessary to draw a rhombus in the middle of the sheet, all sides of which will be equal, and opposite sides will be parallel. The rhombus should be such that an oval of the required size fits well into it. Then, an oval must be entered into the resulting rhombus. After that, the rhombus must be erased with a pencil.

Smoothly and beautifully draw an oval

To look great, you need to know how to draw an oval with a compass in a few minutes. To make an ellipse with a compass, you need to take:

  • album sheet;
  • pencil;
  • compass;
  • thread;
  • pins.

To draw an ellipse beautifully, you must initially draw two straight lines that will be perpendicular. Place the tip of the compass at the intersection of two lines and then draw a circle.

The diameter of such a circle will correspond to the width of the ellipse. Then, leaving the compass in the same place, you need to draw a slightly larger circle to get the length of the ellipse. Then you need to connect the two circles by erasing the extra lines. Thus, you get a beautiful and even oval, from which you can then draw various animals and birds. Knowing how to draw an oval by hand, you can make very beautiful and original drawings without much difficulty.

How to draw a guinea pig based on an oval

Drawings of animals and birds drawn from simple geometric shapes look very interesting. Many are interested, out of the oval with the children.

With the help of an oval, you can quickly and beautifully draw a guinea pig. To make a drawing, you need to draw two ovals in a horizontal position, one of which will be slightly smaller than the other.

One oval should intersect with another, and then close the outer corners formed by the intersection of two figures with lines. Thus, the neck of the animal will turn out. In the center of a small oval, you need to draw a dot, from which you will then get an eye.

After that, you need to draw small ears in the upper part of a small oval. When everything is ready, you should draw the paws of the guinea pig. It should be borne in mind that the front legs should be slightly shorter than the hind legs and almost invisible.

When everything is completely traced, the extra lines can be erased, and then you need to color the guinea pig, making the animal spotty.

Knowing how to draw an oval, you can make very beautiful drawings of animals and birds based on this geometric figure.