How to distinguish false champignons from real ones. Beware of poisonous mushrooms: a selection of famous species All mushrooms are twins

Mushrooms are like their prized edible counterparts. In some cases, this similarity is relatively superficial, in others it is strong.

Such mushrooms are called twin mushrooms. They can be confused not only by an inexperienced, but also by an experienced mushroom picker, which often leads to sad and even fatal mistakes. In this regard, we briefly characterize the most important twin mushrooms.

The most dangerous mushrooms

The most dangerous poisonous forest mushroom, found in large numbers in beech, oak and mixed forests, is, or green fly agaric. This is a beautiful mushroom with an olive, greenish-olive, darker hat towards the center without any remains of the bedspread. The plates and spore powder are white. The leg is white, with pale greenish stripes (moiré), with a wide hanging ring, at the base with a bag-shaped wide free white Volvo. The venom of the pale grebe is deadly poisonous.

According to the nature of the toxins formed and the symptoms of poisoning, two other deadly poisons are close to the pale grebe. fly agaric- fly agaric and fly agaric spring. Amanita stink has a white hat up to 7 cm in diameter, an unpleasant odor. It grows in coniferous forests, less often - deciduous. Amanita spring also has a white color, found in deciduous and mixed forests.

These three deadly poisonous fly agarics have many edible look-alikes:

Fly agaric - the most dangerous twin of champignon

Out of ignorance or negligence, deadly poisonous fly agarics are often confused with green or olive ones. Some champignons are similar in color to the cap and the presence of a ring on the stem, but are clearly distinguished by the absence of the Volvo and the color of the plates. The plates are pinkish only in young champignons, later they darken to brown or black-brown.

Mushrooms are very important to pluck with a leg to make sure that there is no valva. The similarity of poisonous fly agaric with green or olive russula is based on the similarity of the color of the cap and plates. The plates of russula, like those of fly agarics, are white. The main distinguishing feature of good edible russula - green, greenish and some others - is the absence of a ring and Volvo on the leg. Therefore, when collecting russula, it is necessary to pay attention to the details of the structure of the legs.

Dangerous counterpart of white fungus - gall fungus

In the people it is even called a false boletus. It grows in spruce and pine forests from July to September, at the same time when there is an intensive growth of white mushrooms. Outwardly, it is very similar to a white mushroom. But the thin pattern on its leg is dark in color (the porcini mushroom has a white pattern), in the form of a mesh and the lower surface of the cap is pink. And its flesh at the break quickly turns red.

An edible row is similar to a pale toadstool - greenfinch. However, the greenfinch on the leg has neither a ring nor a Volvo, and the color of the plates is yellowish-greenish. The most dangerous is the similarity of some forms and varieties of the polymorphic gray float fungus. The gray float, like poisonous fly agarics, has a volva at the base of the leg, but there is no ring. The color of the cap and the color of the plates are similar. Therefore, we draw the attention of mushroom pickers to the need to carefully examine the leg for the presence or absence of a ring when collecting floats.

Conditionally edible mushroom - fly agaric - can be confused with poisonous
fly agaric, however, they clearly differ in the color of the pulp. In the poisonous panther fly agaric, it is white, does not change at the break, and in the edible fly agaric, the reddening pulp turns pink at the break. But it is better not to eat fly agaric, of course. None.

deadly poisonous cobweb- a little-known mushroom, has a resemblance to some edible cobwebs. Cobwebs are generally not popular among the population of the Carpathians, so the danger of collecting orange-red cobwebs instead of any of the edible cobwebs is small.

To familiarize a wide range of mushroom pickers with a deadly poisonous orange-red cobweb, we present its most important features.

Hat 3 - 9 cm in diameter, orange or brown-red, orange-orange, dry, matte. Leg 4 - 9 × 0.5 - 1.5 cm, rusty yellow, smooth, dry. The flesh is yellowish, with a slight rare smell. The plates are orange-ocher or orange-rusty. Spore powder brownish. Young fruiting bodies have a cobwebby private veil (cortina).

Honey mushrooms. Particular attention should be paid to the twins of valuable edible honey agarics(autumn real, summer mushrooms), poisonous falsehoney agarics- and . False mushrooms differ from edible ones in gray, brownish-greenish, light brownish color of the plates, the color of the spore powder and the light reddish-brown, sulfur-yellow color of the cap.

Dangerous poisonous talkers (species of the genus Clitocybe - C. dealbata, etc.) can be mistaken for edible species of this genus - for example, a funnel talker (C. qibba (Pers ~ Fr.) Kumm.) or a valuable edible mushroom (Clitopilus prunulus ( Scop.: Fr.) Kumm.).

It should be remembered that poisonous talkers are characterized by a white or whitish color of the entire fruiting body, and for edible ones - whitish-yellowish, yellowish-brown, gray, ash-gray.

We all have heard that there are twins of edible mushrooms, the use of which can be dangerous to our life and health. But what if you are going to the forest for the first time and do not know how to distinguish edible from poisonous? That is why today we will tell you what real twin mushrooms look like.

And we will talk with you about fly agaric, gall fungi and silverfish. Let's talk about what mushrooms they are most often confused with.

Poisonous mushroom double honey agarics

Dangerous to health twin of the porcini fungus

We have all heard about the porcini mushroom, which is considered the standard. For example, mushroom pickers often evaluate their “harvest” by quantity. But, unfortunately, if you are a non-professional, then this species can be easily confused with gall. So let's figure out how we can keep our health.

We have already decided on the name of the dangerous twin of the white fungus. Now let's talk about how to distinguish it from the original. First of all, you need to pay attention to the leg.

If it is evenly covered with a light mesh, then this is most likely a white mushroom. But if the grid is dark and is located only on the upper part of the leg, then you need to look at this instance more carefully. Then, in order to make sure whether the white mushroom is in front of you or not, make a small incision on the leg.

If the pulp remains white a few minutes after the cut, then this is definitely an edible product. But if the flesh has turned pink, then such a “harvest” should be thrown away immediately, since you managed to pluck the gall fungus.

By the way, another double of the porcini fungus is considered satanic. Its distinguishing feature is a reddish mesh throughout the stem and a red tubular layer. And a few minutes after the cut, the flesh can turn dark purple.

Dangerous mushroom double champignon

This species is most often confused with the white fly agaric. And he, as you know, is quite dangerous for our lives.

The differences between champignon and white fly agaric are as follows:

Champignon

1. Egg-shaped hat. The pulp has a pleasant smell. After touching, the hat may turn yellow;

2. The plates are pinkish or light red. They can also be dark brown;

3. The leg has a cylindrical shape, expanding closer to the base. Approximately in the middle of the leg is a small white circle with a yellowish coating.

white fly agaric

1. The hat at the very top is rounded-conical in shape, closer to the bottom it becomes more open. The pulp of the cap has an unpleasant odor;

2. Records are very loose. Most often they are white. They can also be light pink;

3. The leg is thin, slightly swollen near the base. The ring on the leg is quite wide with stripes.

If you are aware of such distinctive features, then the likelihood of consuming a poisonous product will become much less. Now you understand that you need to carefully consider all the mushrooms so that there is no dangerous crop in the basket.

By the way, pale grebes also belong to the white fly agaric family. And a lot can be said about the consequences of poisoning with them. The fact is that all the signs of poisoning with a pale toadstool can appear some time after it is eaten. It is for this reason that people quite often do not even immediately remember what they ate. And, unfortunately, in most cases, they simply do not have time to provide the necessary assistance in case of poisoning. Therefore, when collecting forest beauties, you need to be very careful.

Poisonous mushroom double honey agarics

Mushrooms are also quite popular with gourmets. And most often they are confused with sulfur-yellow false-openets. In fact, these two mushrooms are really similar to each other. Therefore, if you are not one hundred percent sure that you are putting a useful product in the basket, then it is better not to touch it at all.

A real honey agaric has a cream or honey-yellow hat. The smell of the pulp is quite pleasant.
The plates are also light yellow or cream. The stem at the base can be brown, black or brown. And the top is white. If you take it in your hand, the leg should be velvety to the touch.

False mushrooms are distinguished by a gray-yellow hat with a reddish dot on top. The plates are also gray-yellow or greenish. The leg has the same light yellow color.

Signs of poisoning with false mushrooms doubles

As you already understood, it is not difficult to confuse edible and poisonous mushrooms. Therefore, you need to clearly know what the consequences of poisoning can be. So you can notice all the negative symptoms in time and consult a doctor.

So, the main symptoms of such poisoning include:

severe nausea and vomiting;
Significant abdominal pain and diarrhea;
Heat. Although this symptom is individual, since someone can no longer get out of bed with a temperature of 37 degrees;
Cold hands and feet.

Fly agaric poisoning has some features. In this case, signs of poisoning such as delirium, the appearance of hallucinations, or the manifestation of a state that may be similar to insanity can be noted.

Similar signs can appear as early as one and a half to two hours after eating a poisoned product. When the first symptoms appear, you should immediately call a doctor or an ambulance. If you have to wait for a doctor for some time, try to lie down constantly and drink plenty of warm water.

So you will prevent the spread of poison to all tissues in the body.

By the way, there is a risk of poisoning and edible mushrooms. But this can only happen if you wash them poorly. The fact is that the soil may contain spore-bearing rods, which are the causative agents of such a serious disease as botulism. Signs of such a disease are complete or partial visual impairment, headache, convulsions or difficulty breathing.

Attention! If you notice at least two of all these symptoms, then you should immediately consult a doctor. After all, the consequences can be very negative.

As you can see, such gifts of the forest can significantly spoil our lives. And with an unfavorable development of events, such poisoning can be fatal. Therefore, before eating a mushroom, be sure to make sure that it is non-poisonous.

If you don’t have such confidence, then you should show your “harvest” to knowledgeable people or throw it away from sin. Be healthy!

by the materials mjusli.ru

2015-10-24T07:05:45+00:00 admin helpful tips food and health tips

[email protected] Administrator Feast-online

Summer mushrooms - bordered galerina - sulfur-yellow false honey agaric

Summer mushrooms.

Summer honey agaric is probably not as popular as autumn, but it also has its admirers. And they should take note that this mushroom has a very dangerous double - a bordered gallery. What are the differences? Firstly, summer honey agaric bears fruit in large clusters. In turn, the galerina, even if it grows in groups, usually grows together no more than 2-3 mushrooms. Secondly, the leg: in the honey agaric, the lower part is scaly, in the twin, it is fibrous. In general, honey mushrooms are larger: their hat can reach up to 6 cm in diameter, in the gallery - more often up to 3 cm. If there is even the slightest doubt, it is better to refuse the find. Galerina fringed is deadly poisonous!

The gallery is bordered.

False foam is sulfur-yellow.

Another twin of the summer honey agaric is a sulfur-yellow false honey agaric. Unlike the edible one, this specimen does not have a ring. There are also differences in smell: an edible mushroom emits a pleasant mushroom aroma, while a false one has a more subdued smell. Sulphur-yellow false foam is not as poisonous as bordered galerina, but the consequences are also unpleasant: its use can cause abdominal cramps and mild poisoning.

Champignon - pale grebe (white)

Champignon.

Death cap.

The key difference between champignon and poisonous twin is the color of the plates on the bottom of the cap. If in a pale grebe they are always white, then in an edible mushroom they are pink, and turn brown with age. At first glance, it is simple, but in practice it is not so easy to objectively determine the color, especially in a young mushroom: experience, lighting, and color perception are important here. The rule is the same: if in doubt, it is better to refuse to collect small, separately growing champignons. Eating a pale toadstool can cost your life!

Green russula - pale grebe (greenish gray)

Green russula.

Death cap.

To distinguish the russula from the pale grebe, you need to pay attention to the leg. Firstly, in a toxic fungus, it noticeably thickens downwards and has a well-defined volva - a membranous wrapper in the lower part of the stem, which is formed as a result of a rupture of the protective sac from which the mushroom grew. In young toadstools, this bag may still be intact - then there will be a tuber at the base. Secondly, the pale grebe has a ring at the top of the leg, which you will not find in the green russula.

Chanterelle real - chanterelle false

The fox is real.

Fox is false.

These mushrooms are similar only at first glance. There are several criteria. The double has a brighter color, the mushroom is bright orange or orange with a brown tint, and it is always lighter along the edge than in the center. True chanterelle color ranges from light yellow to yellow-orange, and the cap is evenly colored. The shape of the hat also matters. The false edges are even, neatly rounded, while the real edges are wavy, almost always irregular in shape. The plates of a real chanterelle are dense, thick, they go down the stem of the mushroom, becoming part of it. In the false one, they are thinner and more frequent, they also descend along the stem of the mushroom, but do not pass into it.

An error in this case is unlikely to lead to death: false chanterelles are not an edible mushroom, but do not cause serious poisoning. Still, you should not lose your vigilance.

White mushroom - gall fungus (gorchak)

Porcini.

Bile mushroom.

In principle, it is not difficult to distinguish the double of the king of the mushroom kingdom from a real white mushroom. First, pay attention to the leg. The gall fungus has a pattern in the form of a dense brown mesh on it. Some types of mushrooms also have it, but thinner and always white. Secondly, the pulp of the gall fungus darkens when cut, becoming pinkish-brown. This does not happen with white fungus. Thirdly, pay attention to the tubular layer: in a young mustard it is white, in an adult fungus it is pinkish or dirty pink, in a mushroom it is white, yellowish or greenish.

The gall fungus is inedible, although not poisonous. The reason for the inedibility is in the strong bitterness, which cannot be removed even with prolonged cooking. Therefore, one of its names is “gorchak”.

Tales for adults

It is unlikely that any question has generated as many myths as the definition of the toxicity of mushrooms.

There are many popular “tests”! For example, supposedly worms and snails do not touch toxic mushrooms. Or - milk will curdle if you throw a poisonous mushroom into it. Another fiction: onions or garlic will turn brown when cooked, and silver will turn black if poison is wormed into the pan.

Leading Specialist of the Laboratory of Mycology of the Institute of Experimental Botany named after V.F. Kuprevich of the National Academy of Sciences Olga Gapienko emphasizes: “Typical signs of poisonousness of mushrooms do not exist! Take even smell and taste. A classic example: the pale toadstool smells good and tastes sweet. Veselka smells bad, but it's not poisonous. So there are no methods, only the knowledge of mushrooms.”

Smartphone to the rescue

What apps are right for you

Mushrooms of Belarus

This program is, in fact, a handy automated reference. All mushrooms are divided into 6 categories: edible - well-known, little-known and conditionally edible, inedible - little-known and poisonous plus with unknown properties. For each mushroom - a photo and a detailed description. How can such a program help? For example, you found a mushroom - by all indications it seems to be white, but the color of the cap is unusual. Go to the application, and here there are 6 types of them. Choose the most suitable one from the photo and compare the information with what you see in front of you: do all the signs match? If nothing is in doubt, feel free to put the mushroom in a basket.

Ecoguide: mushrooms

The application consists of three parts: an encyclopedia atlas, a textbook and, most interestingly, a guide to mushrooms. Let's take a closer look at the last one. The program allows you to find out what kind of mushroom you are holding in your hands. To do this, you need to enter a number of external morphological features - the shape of the fruiting body, the parameters of the cap, legs, and so on, a total of 22 points. One of the obvious advantages of the application is that you can work with it without an Internet connection. Minus, however, justified - the program is paid. It costs $3.99 on Google Market.

I'm going home

The application has nothing to do directly with the search for mushrooms, but it will help you get out of the forest if you are carried away by a quiet hunt and you don’t know how to go back. To do this, you need to open the program at home, turn on GPS and wait until the application receives the coordinates of your location. Save this data, after which you can close the program and even turn off the phone. When you decide to return home from the forest, open the application and click the "Let's go home" button. With the help of voice prompts, the program will take you to the desired point. But keep in mind: it does not see the terrain and forms the shortest route without taking into account obstacles. So this option is better to use as a spare - in case you fail to catch a connection and use online navigators.

"False" are called poisonous mushrooms, which outwardly are very similar to edible counterparts. Dangerous "twins" are sometimes difficult to distinguish even for experienced mushroom pickers.

Common champignon has many types, and most of them are eaten. It is very difficult to remember the features of each, so lovers of "silent hunting" are often guided by common signs. This can provoke poisoning: among the Agaric (Champignon) family there are species that are harmful to human health.

Industrial cultivation allows you to enjoy the taste of the product without harm to health, but the number of poisonings with false champignons, which are "disguised" as edible specimens, does not decrease. People are attracted by "silent hunting" and the opportunity to save on the purchase of mushrooms. In addition, each individual species has its own flavor: you will not find it in a standard product from store shelves.

Most often, such representatives of the Agaric family are taken for edible specimens:

Agaricus xanthodermus.
Agaricus meleagris.
Agaricus californicus.

Typical examples of false champignons are shown in the photo.

A number of features will help distinguish such specimens from edible ones. On the hat of the poisonous double there is a brown spot, which is located in the center. If you press on it, light yellow spots will appear. But this method is not guaranteed, so it is best used in tandem with other features.

When broken, the pulp of false forest and field champignons begins to turn yellow and smells unpleasantly of carbolic acid, and during cooking, the water and the mushrooms themselves become bright yellow for a short time, but this color quickly disappears. Prolonged heat treatment will not be able to rid the product of toxins.

Take a look at the photo and study the description of the appearance of false forest champignons.

The color of the cap and its shape can change under the influence of the environment, so special attention is paid to the flesh, its smell, shade and changes during cooking.

Another mushroom that masquerades as edible is the pale grebe. Outwardly, it resembles a champignon, while it does not have a smell by which it could be recognized. There are volvas (root sacs) at the base of the toadstool, but people don't always notice them. If there is the slightest doubt about the suitability of the mushroom, it is worth breaking the pulp and seeing if it turns yellow, and then check the change in color of the water during cooking. This is one of the most accurate and proven ways to distinguish real edible champignons from false ones.

You can only confuse the “young” pale grebe: over time, bulges will appear on its hat, it will become smooth, and the fringe will sag. The toadstool appears from the first half of June, the peak of its growth falls on August. The height of the toadstool can reach 20-25 cm, and the diameter of the cap does not exceed 15 cm.

Inexperienced mushroom pickers may mistake one of the light mushrooms for good mushrooms. In this case, the unpleasant smell that the pulp has will save from poisoning.

If you do not know what poisonous false mushrooms look like, look at the photo: these are common mushrooms that are often mistaken for edible ones.

Real champignons: places of distribution and distinctive features

To understand how to distinguish edible champignon from false champignon, you need to know their distinctive features, places where they are common and the time of their growth.

"Correct" mushrooms can be found in shady flower beds, along roadsides, in beds. Two-spored (Agaricus bisporus) and two-ringed (Agaricus bitorquis) champignons usually grow there. Garden varieties are characterized by light shades - from white to grayish and light cream. The cap of the two-ringed fungus opens even in the upper layer of the soil, so the leaves or humus covering it can affect the color.

Common (Agaricus campestris) and large-spore (Agaricus macrosporus) species of fungus can be found in the steppe, in fields and meadows. Poisonous representatives of the Agariaceae family are rarely found here.

A field species (Agaricus arvensis) grows in plantings near trees, which is harvested from mid-May to late September.

Compare the photo of the real and the image of the false champignon: the difference is not always visible.

Forest moisture and shade are excellent conditions for the development of species such as coppice, dark red, forest and August champignons. They appear in early July and grow until October. Their peculiarity is that after cutting, young mushrooms appear in the same place in 10-15 days.

But it is forest false mushrooms that are most often found in the forest - look at the photo how they look.

But poisonous specimens can be found even in places of growth uncharacteristic for this species, so you need to be extremely careful.

Food poisoning from false mushrooms

Even proven mushrooms can cause poisoning if they are collected in the wrong place. These are roadsides, areas near industrial facilities, landfills. Mushrooms, like a sponge, absorb toxic substances, including carcinogens.

After studying the description of the places of growth of the false forest champignon, view the photo of this specimen in natural conditions.

Kira Stoletova

Sometimes, instead of the desired, beloved mushrooms, poisonous varieties fall into the basket, which include the twins of the “king of the forests” - the porcini mushroom.

General description of dangerous twins

For many edible mushrooms, their poisonous or conditionally edible counterparts are known. The similarity can be strong or superficial. So, the white mushroom and some of its counterparts are absolutely identical in their external features. Putting a double of the porcini mushroom in a basket, it is easy to get poisoned and, at best, go to a hospital bed. A mistake in choosing can be fatal and lead to a sad outcome.

Even mushroom pickers with many years of experience sometimes at first glance cannot distinguish a dangerous double of a white mushroom from a real and noble specimen. Edible noble Boletus has its own characteristics and differs both in appearance and in taste.

The main distinguishing feature of edible from poisonous is their chemical composition, which includes toxins.

External signs are deceptive: for example, the fly agaric loses its white spots on its hat after a good downpour and becomes like a red russula. False honey agaric changes the color of the hat with age and becomes even more like a real one.

According to the action of toxins, insidious false white mushrooms are divided into several categories according to the types of poisoning caused:

food intoxication;
damage to the nervous system;
fatal poisoning.

Before going into the forest, you should understand how the white mushroom differs from its dangerous counterparts. One of the external signs that a person pays attention to is the structure of the hymenophore. Unfortunately, in all representatives of twin species, it is similar in structure to that of the edible original and is spongy. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the change in its color. You also need to be careful when studying the color of the cut (break) of the pulp. True white never changes color when broken, so before you put the fruiting body in the basket, it's best to break off a small piece from it and see what happens.

Kinds

The most noble mushroom, the king of the forest kingdom, has several brothers dangerous to human life. These include:

gall fungus;
boletus is beautiful;
sick of satanic;
boletus le Gal;
speckled oak.

gall fungus

The second name of this species is mustard (Tylopilus felleus). He deserved it quite reasonably, precisely because of his bitter taste. The gall fungus belongs to the class Agaricomycetes, the Boletaceae family, the genus Tilopil. Refers to inedible.

Its description:

hat shape in the form of a hemisphere;
cap color from yellow to brown;
diameter - 4-15 cm;
the pulp is fibrous, white, thick, soft, turns red on the cut;
aroma is absent;
spongy hymenophore;
pores of an angular or rounded shape;
pink spore powder;
the leg is cylindrical;
height - 3-14 cm;
thickness - 3 cm.

A characteristic feature of the bitter taste and the difference from the white "brother" is a bitter taste and a change in color on the cut. It turns from white to red.

Borovik is beautiful

Boletus pulcherrimus, or Beautiful Boletus, is another poisonous species. It has an outward resemblance to the common boletus, but changes color on the cut (turns blue) and is extremely toxic.

Description:

the cap is large, hemispherical (up to 25 cm);
velvety and dry to the touch;
skin color reddish-brown;
the pulp is dense, yellowish;
tubular hymenophore;
pores are red;
spores are brown, spindle-shaped;
the leg is thick (up to 12 cm), club-shaped or cylindrical;
grows up to 15 cm in height;
the taste is sweetish at first, then very bitter, the smell is absent.

A characteristic feature is the presence of a fine mesh on the leg. Under the hat there are tubules, jagged, with a yellowish tinge and up to 15 cm long. When pressed, they turn blue.

Bolet satanic

Belongs to the biological group of mushrooms. Forms mycorrhiza with oaks, lindens and birches. This doppelganger is dangerous to health, eaten 30 g of the flesh of the satanic mushroom causes severe symptoms of poisoning. Its description:

the hat is large, sometimes gigantic (30-40 cm);
cushion shape;
the surface is smooth;
hat color olive or brown;
the skin is dense;
bottom cap is spongy (i.e. hymenophore - spongy);
pore color pink;
the leg is narrowed down, cylindrical;
height - up to 13 cm.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
The satanic mushroom is often called "false white mushroom" in various sources. They started doing this not too long ago. However, it is possible to confuse white fungus and satanic pain only with a cursory glance from afar. This is especially true for novice mushroom pickers, who remember the “face and profile” of the porcini mushroom, and everything else has not yet been deposited in their memory. Therefore, you need to carefully look at the color of the fruiting body. The satanic mushroom is characterized by many red flowers and, above all, its hymenophore has a red color. There are also many red tones in the color of the legs.
By the way. The specific epithet "satanas" for the satanic mushroom (Rubroboletus satanas) was proposed by the German mycologist Harald Othmar Lenz (1798-1870) after he himself was poisoned by this mushroom.

The satanic mushroom is characterized by a cut that turns blue upon contact with air, which gradually turns red. This is due to the process of oxidation of the poison by oxygen.

Dubovik speckled

Boletus erythropus is an edible counterpart. It can be used in food, soups or other dishes. This forest organism has the following description:

cap size - up to 20 cm in diameter;
to the touch it is dry and velvety;
pillow shape;
skin color red-brown;
olive spore powder;
the pores are red or orange, but the tubules are greenish-yellow (in mature ones);
leg 10 cm high;
the shape of the stem is tuberous.

A characteristic feature is the darkening of the light edge of the cap after pressing on it and small reddish scales on the trunk of the leg. A distinctive feature from the original is the blue on the cut of the pulp.

Borovik le Gal

Another poisonous mushroom that looks like white is the boletus le Gal (Boletus legaliae), or legal boletus. It has this description:

the hat is convex, up to 15 cm;
the surface is smooth;
color pink-orange;
the flesh is pale, yellowish;
the aroma is pleasant;
tubular hymenophore;
olive spores;
the leg is thick, up to 5-6 cm in diameter;
leg height - up to 17 cm.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Borovik legal is quite widespread in the wild nature of Europe, where it inhabits mainly deciduous forests. Being a mycorrhiza-forming agent, it enters into symbiosis with oak, beech, and hornbeam. Prefers alkaline soils, ie. soils for which pH>7 (where pH is soil acidity).

A feature is a small reddish mesh on the leg and the flesh turning blue on the cut.

Contraindications and harm

A mistake made while harvesting a forest crop can be fatal. A cruel joke will be played by inedible twins, who are well disguised as their noble counterparts.

One small piece of the fruiting body of a poisonous organism can cause a lot of trouble. At the first signs of poisoning, it is necessary to wash the stomach and then go to the hospital for help. Signs of poisoning include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, weakness in the limbs, diarrhea, and fever.

Correct porcini mushroom

An extract from a beautiful boletus is used to treat typhus, paratyphoid and purulent skin lesions.

Cep mushroom twins contain a large amount of psilocybin and alkaloids in their pulp. These substances actively affect the brain of a mentally ill person and normalize its activity.

Conclusion

When picking mushrooms, you should not take everything that comes in your way, pluck unfamiliar organisms out of idle curiosity: this is fraught with poisoning. Some doubles are so dangerous that they lead to death.