How to write abbreviated candidate of historical sciences associate professor. Official degree abbreviations

Many people are confused about the positions, degrees and titles of teachers and researchers working at the university. And it's not surprising...

Let's look into this.

The fact is that university employees are characterized immediately by four directions :

1. Academic position.

2. Administrative position.

3. Academic degree.

4. Academic title.

Table 1

List of academic positions

Full title	abbreviation	Full title	abbreviation
1. PhD student	asp.	8. Researcher	ns
2. Assistant	ass.	9. Teacher	teacher
3. Leading Researcher	vns	10. Professor	prof.
4. Chief Researcher	gns	11. Senior teacher	senior lecturer
	doctoral student	12. Intern	trainee
6. Associate Professor	Assoc.	13. Senior Researcher	sns
7. Junior Researcher	mins	14. Student	stud.

Positions are listed in alphabetical order. They give different rights and obligations to participate in the educational (academic) process. For example, a student can learn but cannot teach. An assistant can teach, but cannot independently develop their own curriculum, etc.

table 2

List of administrative positions

Full title	abbreviation
Academic Secretary	acad.-secret.
Graduate student	asp.
Assistant	ass.
Leading Researcher	vns
Leading Specialist	leading spec.
Vice President	vice pres.
CEO	general director
General designer	general design
Chief Researcher	gns
Chief Editor	editor-in-chief
Chief Specialist	main spec.
Dean	dean
Director	dir.
PhD student	doctoral student
Assistant professor	Assoc.
Department head	head of department
Station manager	station manager
Deputy academic secretary	Deputy Academician-Secretary
Deputy CEO	Deputy General Director
Deputy chief editor	Deputy Chief Editor
Deputy dean	Deputy Dec.
Deputy directors	deputy director
Deputy chairman	deputy chairman
Deputy leader	deputy head
Deputy head (manager, head) of the group	deputy head of group
Deputy head (manager, head) of the laboratory	deputy head of laboratory
Deputy head (manager, head) of the department	deputy head of department
Deputy head (manager, chief, chairman) of the department	deputy head of department
Deputy head (manager, head) of the sector	deputy head of sect.
Deputy head (manager, chief, chairman) of a center (scientific, educational, etc.)	deputy head of the center
Consultant	cons.
laboratory assistant	lab.
Junior Research Fellow	mins
Scientific consultant	scientific cons.
Researcher	ns
Head of Department	head of exercise
Expedition leader	head of expedition
Chairman.	prev.
The president	Pres.
Teacher	teacher
Vice-Rector	vice-rector
Professor	prof.
Editor	ed.
Rector	rector
Head (manager, head) of the group	hands.gr.
Head (manager, head) of the laboratory	hands.lab.
Head (manager, head) of the department	head of department
Head (manager, chief, chairman) of the department	head of department
Head (manager, head) of the sector	leader of the sect.
Head (manager, chief, chairman) of a center (scientific, educational, etc.)	head of the center
Advisor	adviser
Specialist (zoologist, programmer, geologist, engineer, etc.)	specialist.
Senior specialist (geologist, zoologist, engineer, etc.)	senior special
Senior Assistant	senior lab.
Senior Lecturer	senior lecturer
Senior Technician	senior tech.
trainee	trainee
Senior Researcher	sns
Student	stud.
Technician	tech.
Scientific secretary	account.sec.
Other positions	others

Positions are listed in alphabetical order. It is in accordance with the administrative positions that employees of the university receive a salary, or rather, an official salary. The higher the position, the higher the salary. These positions are of particular importance to the HR and accounting departments. They line up all employees in a hierarchy of superiors and subordinates.

List of academic degrees

Russia introduced two degrees:

1. PhD - primary. For example, candidate of medical sciences - candidate of medical sciences - candidate of medical sciences.

2. Ph.D- higher . For example, doctor of biological sciences - doctor of biological sciences - d.b.s.

In order to obtain such a degree, it is required to create a special scientific work called "the dissertation for the degree of candidate of such and such sciences" or "the dissertation for the degree of doctor of such and such sciences." In addition, this dissertation still needs to be "defended" in a specially designated place - the Dissertation Council. Specialists in a related scientific field will decide there whether the submitted dissertation corresponds to the desired degree. So a degree may or may not be awarded. Writing and defending a dissertation is not an easy and difficult job, therefore the scientific and organizational value of candidates and doctors of science is clearly higher than theirs, but before defending their academic degree.

True, we are threatened by the emergence of several more degrees, modeled on Western ones, but, of course, in the Russian way.

Bachelor- in fact, this is our same graduate of a technical school or a drop-out student of a university with an "incomplete higher", but who defended his thesis, for which he receives a "bachelor's degree". This is the lowest possible academic degree.

master- in the recent past - this is just a university graduate who defended his graduation thesis, and not just passed the state exams. But now the student's thesis has become known as the WQR ("final qualifying work") and has ceased to give the master's level. Now you will have to spend an additional 2 years (for additional money) at the university and do, in essence, the second thesis, now a master's. Only then will it be possible to be called a "master". And this work will be called a "master's thesis", like a candidate's or a doctor's thesis. A master's degree is an academic degree that reflects the appropriate educational level of the graduate, readiness for research and scientific and pedagogical activities. The master's degree is awarded based on the results of defending a master's thesis.

"Doctor of Philosophy" or "PhD" (PhD)- a degree popular abroad, in terms of scientific weight - this is something intermediate between a graduation thesis and a classic Soviet candidate's thesis. True, pessimists fear that over time they will begin to demand a hybrid of a higher level - something between a candidate's and a doctoral dissertation. Life will show what actually hatches from this gilded egg: a chicken or a crocodile...

An approximate analogue of the degree of Doctor of Science in countries with a "single-stage" system of academic degrees is the degree of Doctor of Science (D.Sc.), in countries with a "two-stage" system (for example, in Germany) - a habilitated (habilitated) doctor. After passing the habilitation procedure, i.e. defending the second doctoral dissertation (more weighty than the first), the applicant is awarded the title of habilitated doctor (doctor habilitatus, Dr. habil.)

There is also a system of academic degrees for "professional" rather than research work. For example, the degrees of Doctor of Laws (DL), Medicine (DM), Business Administration (DBA), etc. in many countries are considered as part of a professional rather than academic/research doctoral system, that is, it is assumed that the holder of such a degree engaged in relevant practical activities, not science. Since the acquisition of such degrees does not require the completion of independent scientific research, therefore, a professional doctorate is usually not considered an advanced degree. The assignment of a degree to a professional or research doctorate depends on the country and even on the specific university. So, for example, in the USA and Canada, the degree of Doctor of Medicine is professional, and in Great Britain, Ireland and many countries of the British Commonwealth - research.

Honorary Degree
There is another workaround for obtaining a degree without scientific work. This is the so-called "honorary degree" of Doctor of Sciences (Honor Doctor or Honor degree or Doctor honoris causa). It is issued by universities, academies or the Ministry of Education without taking a course of study and without taking into account the mandatory requirements (for publications, defense, etc.), but who have achieved great success in business and gained fame in any field of knowledge (artists, jurisprudence, religious figures, businessmen, writers and poets, artists, etc.). Such people are involved in teaching activities and give lectures in the best universities in many countries of the world. An honorary doctorate degree is not awarded in medicine. An honorary degree may be awarded or withdrawn.

So, an academic degree confirms the scientific qualifications of its holder and his ability to fruitful scientific activity.

List of academic titles

In Russia, according to the unified register of academic degrees and titles, approved in 2002, the following are provided:academic titles:

1. Assistant professor by specialty according to the nomenclature of specialties of scientists or by the department of an educational institution.Academic title of Associate Professor is assigned to employees of scientific organizations for research activities, and employees of higher educational institutions - for scientific and pedagogical activities.

2. Professor specialty or department.Academic title of professor is assigned to employees of higher educational institutions and scientific organizations for scientific and pedagogical activities and training of graduate students.

3. Corresponding member(corresponding member) of the Academy of Sciences.

4. Active member (academician) of the Academy of Sciences.

System academic titles more confusing than the system degrees . So, distinguish between titles by specialty And by department. In addition, degrees are, as it were, only scientific (scientists), and titles are both scientific and pedagogical (teaching). Academic degrees are officially registered only by the Higher Attestation Commission (Higher Attestation Commission), and all kinds of academic titles are registered by the Higher Attestation Commission, the Ministry of Education, and the Russian Academy of Sciences.

How can we distinguish between the concepts of "academic degree" and "academic title" in order to reduce the often observed confusion in this regard?

Speaking of academic titles, one should distinguish rank or just the position held by academic title, which you can have without occupying a similar position. Yes, you can borrow job title professor or associate professor, but not have the same ranks, confirmed by the presence of a certificate. Or, on the contrary, you can have title professor or associate professor, have an appropriate official certificate, but work not as a professor, but, for example, as a house manager, or even not work at all. So professors with the title of professors can work, alas, not at all as professors.

The matter is further complicated by the fact that people who work as professors, but do not have the same academic title, tend to call themselves professors, although in reality they only occupy professorship. It is curious that the military is more modest in this regard: for example, a colonel who occupies a general's job title, does not call himself a general until he receives a general rank.

So, ranks "docent" or "professor"supported by official certificates. Purely job titles "docent" or "professor", are not associated with the official assignment of the same academic title.

At the same time, in order to occupy a decent position in a university or research institution, it is desirable (and sometimes mandatory) to have degree. The presence of an academic degree, position and required activities in this position give the right to receive academic title.

Degrees are awarded as a result of the defense of dissertations, and academic titles assigned according to the results of scientific and pedagogical activity.

About availability degree testifies diploma Candidate or Doctor of Sciences, and about the availability academic title - certificate associate professor, professor. So the official supporting documents for degree And ranks are called differently.

Non-state degrees and titles

And one more curious detail you should definitely know. In Russia there are many non-state educational institutions: academies, universities, institutes, which sometimes have their own non-state dissertation councils. Some of them dare to completely separate from the state in the person of the Higher Attestation Commission and begin to award academic degrees not only of a candidate, but even of a doctor of science. without the participation of the HAC , in the same way as it is customary abroad, but in completely different conditions. After protection like this "non-state" scientists are immediately issued sealed diplomas, popularly referred to as "crusts", the forms of which are not difficult to make or buy. The question of their legal force raises reasonable doubts ...

According to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 30, 2002 No. 74, only diplomas issued by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation or other authorized state bodies are valid as documents on the award of academic degrees provided for by the state certification system.

Academics and Corresponding Members

Now in Russia scientific academies with their academicians and corresponding members form a whole pyramid.

On first level, at the top of this academic pyramid is the one created by Peter the Great in 1724. Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) , which includes about a thousand corresponding members and full members (academicians). This is the holy of holies of domestic science.

On second level academic pyramid are state branch academies such as the Academy of Medical Sciences (RAMS), the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences, the Academy of Architecture and Construction, the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Academy of Arts and, to some extent, the Academy of Natural Sciences (RANS). They also include full members (academicians) and corresponding members, but their state academic "stipends" are one and a half, or even two times lower than in the Russian Academy of Sciences, and in general only the Academy itself has the right to pay money to the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, without state support.

On third level there have already been so many non-state , public academies , and in them"public" academicians and corresponding members that it is not easy to count them. But in these"academies" state academic scholarships are not paid at all, and even, on the contrary, in order to become a member of them, one must pay an entrance fee - as a kind of payment for the right to bear the title of corresponding member or full member of such a non-state public Academy.

Similar " public academies» quite promptly were organized as well abroad our former compatriots. They briskly sell titles, diplomas and certificates, earning money on this, and not on science. And in Russia the number is growing"foreign academicians ", having beautiful"wrappers ”, with entries in a foreign language, as if confirming their mythical international scientific status ...

Doctor of Biological Sciences - Dr. Biol. Sciences
Doctor of Veterinary Sciences - Dr. Veterinarian. Sciences
doctor of military sciences - doctor of military. Sciences
Doctor of Geographical Sciences - Dr. Geogr. Sciences
doctor of geological and mineralogical sciences - doctor of geol.-mineral. Sciences
doctor of art history - doctor of art history
Doctor of Historical Sciences - Dr. ist. Sciences
Doctor of Cultural Studies - Doctor of Cultural Studies
Doctor of Medical Sciences - Dr. med. Sciences
Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences - Dr. Ped. Sciences
Doctor of Political Science - Dr. Polit. Sciences
Doctor of Psychological Sciences - Dr. of Psychology. Sciences
doctor of agricultural sciences - doctor of agricultural sciences Sciences
doctor of sociological sciences - doctor of sociology. Sciences
doctor of technical sciences - doctor of techn. Sciences
Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Dr. Pharmacist. Sciences
Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences - Dr. Phys.-Math. Sciences
Doctor of Philology - Dr. Philol. Sciences
Doctor of Philosophical Sciences - Doctor of Philosophy. Sciences
Doctor of Chemical Sciences - Dr. of Chem. Sciences
doctor of economic sciences - doctor of economics. Sciences
doctor of juridical sciences - dr. jurid. Sciences
Candidate of Biological Sciences - Cand. biol. Sciences
candidate of veterinary sciences - cand. vet. Sciences
candidate of military sciences - cand. military Sciences
candidate of geographical sciences - cand. geogr. Sciences
Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences - Ph.D. geol.-mineral. Sciences
candidate of art history - cand. art criticism
Candidate of Historical Sciences - Ph.D. ist. Sciences
Candidate of cultural studies - Ph.D. cultural studies
Candidate of Medical Sciences - Cand. honey. Sciences
Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences - Cand. ped. Sciences
Candidate of Political Science - Ph.D. polit. Sciences
Candidate of Psychological Sciences - Ph.D. psychol. Sciences
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences - Cand. s.-x. Sciences
candidate of sociological sciences - cand. sociological Sciences
candidate of technical sciences - cand. tech. Sciences
Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Cand. pharmacist. Sciences
Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences - Ph.D. Phys.-Math. Sciences
candidate of philological sciences - cand. philol. Sciences
Candidate of Philosophical Sciences - Cand. philosophy Sciences
Candidate of Chemical Sciences - Cand. chem. Sciences
candidate of economic sciences - cand. economy Sciences
candidate of legal sciences - cand. legal Sciences

There are also shorter, informal abbreviations for academic degrees:

Doctor of Architectural Sciences - Doctor of Architectural Sciences;

Candidate of Architectural Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Biological Sciences - Doctor of Biological Sciences;

Candidate of Biological Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Veterinary Sciences - Doctor of Veterinary Sciences;

candidate of veterinary sciences - Ph.D.

doctor of military sciences - doctor of military sciences;

candidate of military sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Geographical Sciences - Doctor of Geographical Sciences;

Candidate of Geographical Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences - Doctor of Geology and Mathematics;

Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences - Ph.D.

doctor of art history - doctor of arts;

Candidate of Art History - Ph.D.

Doctor of Historical Sciences - Doctor of Historical Sciences;

Candidate of Historical Sciences - Ph.D.

doctor of medical sciences - doctor of medical sciences;

Candidate of Medical Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences - Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences;

Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences - Ph.D.

doctor of political sciences - d.pol.n.;

candidate of political sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Psychological Sciences - Doctor of Psychology;

Candidate of Psychological Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences;

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Sociological Sciences - Doctor of Social Sciences;

candidate of sociological sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Technical Sciences - Doctor of Technical Sciences;

candidate of technical sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Doctor of Pharmacy;

Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences;

Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Philology - Doctor of Philology;

candidate of philological sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Philosophy - Doctor of Philosophy;

Candidate of Philosophical Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Chemical Sciences - Doctor of Chemistry;

Candidate of Chemical Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Economic Sciences - Doctor of Economics;

Candidate of Economic Sciences - Ph.D.

Doctor of Law - Doctor of Law;

candidate of legal sciences - Ph.D.

Order of assignment

In Russia, the degree of candidate of sciences is awarded by the dissertation council based on the results of defending a candidate's dissertation. Then the Higher Attestation Commission of Russia makes a decision on issuing a candidate of science diploma.

Scientific branches

Depending on the specialty in which the Ph.D. thesis is defended, the applicant is awarded one of the following academic degrees:

Candidate of Architectural Sciences (C.A.)
Candidate of Biological Sciences (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Veterinary Sciences (PhD)
Candidate of Military Sciences (PhD)
Candidate of Geographical Sciences (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences (PhD)
Candidate of Art History (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Historical Sciences (Ph.D.)
PhD in Cultural Studies
Candidate of Medical Sciences (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences (PhD)
PhD in Political Science (Ph.D.)

Candidate of Psychological Sciences (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Sociological Sciences (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (Ph.D.)
Candidate of Philological Sciences (PhD in Philology)
Candidate of Philosophical Sciences (PhD in Philosophy)
Candidate of Chemical Sciences (PhD)
PhD in Economics (PhD)
PhD in Law (PhD)

Previously, there was also a PhD in Naval Sciences. For some time (around the 1940s), the degree of Candidate of Art History was called Candidate of Art History.

Many specialties allow applicants to be awarded a degree in several branches of science, depending on the predominant subject area of a particular dissertation. For example, in the specialty 02.00.04 (physical chemistry) can be awarded the degree of candidate of physical and mathematical or technical, or chemical sciences. At the same time, however, the principle "one dissertation - one branch of science" is observed, regardless of the number of specialties of the dissertation and branches of science of the specialty. Also, a particular dissertation council may be limited in the range of degrees awarded, depending on the industry.

Notes

Sources

Regulatory documents on the website of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia

Qualifications in education and science
University graduates	Bachelor Specialist Master License
Degrees	PhD Doctor of Science Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Academic titles	Associate Professor
Academic titles	Corresponding Member Academician

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what the "Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences" is in other dictionaries:

Candidate of Science Diploma Candidate of Science degree of the first stage (up to Doctor of Science) in the USSR, the Russian Federation and a number of CIS countries. In Russian universities, a candidate's degree is one of the sufficient conditions for participating in a competition for a position ... ... Wikipedia

Word " chair", often used in Russian translations to mean "department", has no such meaning, but means a managerial ("head") or professorial position at the university.

Here is the Macmillan dictionary definition: "CHAIR - the position or job of being a professor in a university - He held the Chair of Botany at Cambridge for 30 years" - Which can be translated: "He was the chief botanist at Cambridge for 30 years ").

Another example where it says that "chair" is a title ("title"): "University Research Chairs: The University of Waterloo owes much of its reputation and stature to the quality of its professors and their scholarly accomplishments. University of Waterloo recognizes exceptional achievement and pre-eminence in a particular field of knowledge through the designation "University Research Chair" - a title which may be held for up to seven years, with the possibility of a re-nomination. title will receive either a teaching reduction of one course per year or an annual stipend of $10,000, which will be allocated to the Department/School if teaching reduction is chosen. other major research chair is awarded."

The following example shows that the position of "Department Chair" roughly corresponds to the position of the head of the department: "What a Department Chair Can-and Can" t-Do: The responsibilities and limits of power for heads of college departments vary greatly. Every department at a college has one: a chair who, typically, is a faculty member in that department, assigned by the dean to manage the department."

The duties of the "Department Chair" (head of department) are described on the website of the University of Wisconsin: "Department Chair Role and Responsibilities: The chair is responsible for facilitating the operation of a department, the fundamental academic unit within the university. Description of the chair" s roles and responsibilities must be understood in the overall context of responsibility and accountability. ... The chair facilitates the management of the department. To carry out this responsibility, the chair oversees, directly or indirectly, the daily progress towards achieving teaching, research, and service goals as set out in the department's plan. With the Chair's leadership and facilitation, faculty members provide students the educational opportunity necessary to be prepared for meaningful personal and professional lives. To this end, the chair plays an important role in providing the dean/provost, through the budget and planning process, with class schedules, program plans and estimates of resources needed to carry out department functions."

Thus, all the above examples prove that "chair" in the context of higher education refers to the position or title of a person and cannot be translated into Russian as a "department".

There are two options for abbreviations of academic degrees. The first method is described in GOST and is official. In this way, it is worth abbreviating the name of the degree and title in official documents. The second method is published on the RAS website and is not official, but very convenient.

Reduction of academic degrees in accordance with GOST

Based on GOST 7.12-93 “System of standards for information, librarianship and publishing bibliographic record. Abbreviation of words in Russian general requirements and rules "The Ministry of Science and Technology of the Russian Federation issued an order of August 31, 1998 N 145" On approval of the regulation on the submission of a mandatory copy of dissertations ", which spells out the rules for reducing degrees, but at the moment this order has lost its power. You should focus on the design rules of GOST 7.12-93. These abbreviations are considered official.

Accepted abbreviations of academic titles:

professor - prof.
Associate Professor - Assoc.

For example, it is required to abbreviate "candidate of philosophical sciences, associate professor", in accordance with GOST, it will be correct like this: "candidate of philosophical sciences, associate professor." To abbreviate "doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, professor" you need to write "doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, prof."

Official list of abbreviations according to GOST

Doctor of Biological Sciences - Dr. Biol. Sciences

Doctor of Veterinary Sciences - Dr. Veterinarian. Sciences

doctor of military sciences - doctor of military. Sciences

Doctor of Geographical Sciences - Dr. Geogr. Sciences

doctor of geological and mineralogical sciences - doctor of geol.-mineral. Sciences

doctor of art history - doctor of art history

Doctor of Historical Sciences - Dr. ist. Sciences

Doctor of Cultural Studies - Doctor of Cultural Studies

Doctor of Medical Sciences - Dr. med. Sciences

Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences - Dr. Ped. Sciences

Doctor of Political Science - Dr. Polit. Sciences

Doctor of Psychological Sciences - Dr. of Psychology. Sciences

doctor of agricultural sciences - doctor of agricultural sciences Sciences

doctor of sociological sciences - doctor of sociology. Sciences

doctor of technical sciences - doctor of techn. Sciences

Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Dr. Pharmacist. Sciences

Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences - Dr. Phys.-Math. Sciences

Doctor of Philology - Dr. Philol. Sciences

Doctor of Philosophical Sciences - Doctor of Philosophy. Sciences

Doctor of Chemical Sciences - Dr. of Chem. Sciences

doctor of economic sciences - doctor of economics. Sciences

doctor of juridical sciences - dr. jurid. Sciences

Candidate of Biological Sciences - Cand. biol. Sciences

candidate of veterinary sciences - cand. vet. Sciences

candidate of military sciences - cand. military Sciences

candidate of geographical sciences - cand. geogr. Sciences

Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences - Ph.D. geol.-mineral. Sciences

candidate of art history - cand. art criticism

Candidate of Historical Sciences - Ph.D. ist. Sciences

Candidate of cultural studies - Ph.D. cultural studies

Candidate of Medical Sciences - Cand. honey. Sciences

Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences - Cand. ped. Sciences

Candidate of Political Science - Ph.D. polit. Sciences

Candidate of Psychological Sciences - Ph.D. psychol. Sciences

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences - Cand. s.-x. Sciences

candidate of sociological sciences - cand. sociological Sciences

candidate of technical sciences - cand. tech. Sciences

Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Cand. pharmacist. Sciences

Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences - Ph.D. Phys.-Math. Sciences

candidate of philological sciences - cand. philol. Sciences

Candidate of Philosophical Sciences - Cand. philosophy Sciences

Candidate of Chemical Sciences - Cand. chem. Sciences

candidate of economic sciences - cand. economy Sciences

candidate of legal sciences - cand. legal Science

This is a list of shorter abbreviations for academic degrees adopted by the Academy of Sciences, but this list of abbreviations is unofficial.

List of abbreviations of the RAS

Ph.D. - candidate of biological sciences

Ph.D. - candidate of military sciences

d.g.s. - Doctor of Geography

Ph.D. - candidate of geographical sciences

d.g.-m.s. - Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences

PhD - candidate of geological and mineralogical sciences

d.h.s. - Doctor of Historical Sciences

Ph.D. - Candidate of Historical Sciences

disk. - Doctor of Arts

k.isk. - Ph.D. in History of Arts

MD - Doctor of Medical Sciences

PhD - Candidate of Medical Sciences

d.ped.n. - Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences

Ph.D. - candidate of pedagogical sciences

d.polit.sci. - Doctor of Political Sciences

Ph.D. - candidate of political sciences

d.p.s. - Doctor of Psychology

Ph.D. - candidate of psychological sciences

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences - candidate of agricultural sciences

d.soc.sci. - Doctor of Sociological Sciences

Ph.D. - candidate of sociological sciences

d.t.s. - Doctor of Technical Sciences

Ph.D. - candidate of technical sciences

Ph.D. - candidate of pharmacological sciences

Ph.D. - Doctor of Philology

Ph.D. - Candidate of Philology

d.p.m.s. - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences

Ph.D. - Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences

Doctor of Philosophy - doctor of philosophical science

PhD in Philosophy - candidate of philosophical sciences

d.h.s. - Doctor of Chemical Sciences

Ph.D. - PhD in Chemistry

Dan. - Doctor of Economic Sciences

Ph.D. - candidate of economic sciences

Doctor of Law - Doctor of Law

Ph.D. - candidate of legal sciences

How should the abbreviations of the titles of associate professor and professor be spelled correctly in combination with the degrees of candidate and doctor of science. The title "candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, associate professor" should be written as "candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, associate professor". The name "Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Professor" is correct to abbreviate as "PhD, prof."

In completely unofficial correspondence on the Internet or on forums, abbreviations like: khn, ken are used. They look like an abbreviation, but this is not correct. There are dots between letters.

If the teacher is an academic

academician - ac.

If you look at GOST, then you need to abbreviate like this