If all your knowledge of pregnancy tests are limited to the bikes about "two stripes", then this article is what you need for you ..

What is a pregnancy test and how it works

Pregnancy tests are aimed at detecting blood or urine substance, which is called human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). This hormone begins to produce at the very moment when the fertilized egg is attached to the wall of the uterus.

Usually - although not always - this happens six days after conception. In the event of pregnancy, the level of hCG begins to grow extremely rapidly, doubles every two or three days.

What are the tests for pregnancy

In general, they can be divided into two groups: blood tests and urine.

You can conduct urine analysis not only in the conditions of the medical office, but also at home. These express tests are simple and convenient. To achieve the most accurate results, carefully follow all the rules described in the instructions.

Blood analysis is carried out only in medical and preventive institutions. This method allows you to identify pregnancy in very early time, but for understandable reasons results you need to wait longer than when analyzing urine.

Blood tests on hCG are two types:

1) A qualitative test - states the fact of the presence or absence of HCG in the blood. In fact, gives only an answer to the question "Are you pregnant?".

2) Quantitative test (beta-hCG) measures the exact amount of blood hormone. The sensitivity of this test is extremely high. Knowing the exact concentration of this hormone makes it possible to track problems arising during pregnancy. In addition, this test is absolutely necessary for the diagnosis of ectopic (pipe) pregnancy.

How accurate pregnancy tests

To accurately determine pregnancy, you must wait at least ten days after the delay. It is advisable to test the test in the morning when urine is maximally concentrated.

The accuracy of home express test tests is approximately 97%. The following factors can affect this indicator:

1) carefulness of compliance with all instructions.

2) the timing of ovulation and implantation of the egg in the wall of the uterus.

3) Suitable selection of dough.

4) Sensitivity of a specific test.

The price of test and difficulty when using

You can buy a pregnancy test in any pharmacy without a recipe. The price depends on the manufacturer. For the most part, they are inexpensive: price range varies from 80 to 800 rubles, rarely more expensive.

Operation of home tests usually does not cause difficulties. The most convenient tests that can be kept right under the streams of urine, but there are other options: some stripes are prescribed to lay in a glass with urine, you need to drip with a pipette.

Be that as it may, after contacting urine, you need to wait a few minutes to get the result. The latter can manifest in the form of a strip, color change or with the help of symbols (for example, "+" or "-"). For sale and advanced digital tests that will give you the word "pregnant" on the display.

How to interpret the test results

It is important to know what the positive and negative results of the pregnancy test are meaning.

If the result positiveSo you are pregnant. And no matter how little faded strip, symbol or sign. In rare cases there are so-called conditional positive results: when, according to the test results, pregnancy came, which is actually not true. Such errors can be associated with the presence of protein or blood in the urine, as well as using some drugs (tranquilizers, anti-convulsants and others).

Negative The result means that most likely you are not pregnant. However, it is possible to reverse, if:

1) expired the shelf life of the test strip,

2) you violated the rules of operation,

3) You spent a test on too early,

4) You have too diluted urine due to the fact that you drank a lot of water on the eve,

5) You accept some drugs (for example, diuretics and antihistamines).

If you received a negative result, just in case, repeat the test after a week for the guarantee.

If after several tests you received unequal results, consult a doctor. Perhaps it's time to test blood for hCG.


Time: 12:09 Date: 18/04/02

Help me to understand! I have a delay of 1.5 weeks (before this has never happened) and there are no signs of approaching periods either. I made three different express tests on the definition of pregnancy, but the result is zero (i.e. tests show that there is no pregnancy. Is it possible that the tests are shown wrong?


Time: 13:06 Date: 18/04/02

Very even possible. Up to 6 weeks, I didn't show a fig, I already went to the gynecologist and she manually fastened everything that there is a pregnancy and he gave all a negative result.


Time: 13:16 Date: 18/04/02

oBYCHNO HOROSHIE PESTY NE VRUT. U Menja Opredelili Na Sroke Kogda Betta Byla 29 (Nu Ochen "Malen" Kaja)


Time: 13:19 Date: 18/04/02

Still as they lie. It is usually believed that they lie to the disposition of pregnancy when presented, but here on the old forum one girl wrote that her husband had a pregnancy test was positive.
In order not to suffer and not guess, the test is lying or not lying, it is better to pass the blood test to hCG. The most accurate thing that could be.


Time: 16:25 Date: 18/04/02

as I once explained the doctor, the test may be negative in the presence of pregnancy if its definition is missing. Simply put, on the first day of delay, the test would be positive (if there is a pregnancy), and after a few days the test will show persistently 1 strip.

How much really do not know, because Always went to calm the doctor what I advise you.


Time: 17:37 Date: 18/04/02

It may well be, although I personally have found a pregnancy with a dough on the other hand, the term of pregnancy was then there was 10 weeks, no less but accurately confirmed my doctor's pregnancy.


Time: 08:11 Date: 19/04/02

Tests can lie down (towards negativeness of pregnancy). The fertilization of the egg spermatozooid occurs in a phallopyan pipe, after 14 days (each woman individually, can pass the month) the fruit falls into the uterus, after which they begin to produce a hormone, to which the 2nd strip in the dough reacts, and only then can we say, That the woman is pregnant, although all this time she was already in the "interesting" position. If the tests do not show pregnancy, it is not necessary to postpone the visit to the gynecologist for a long time. But the tailings can be from stresses and from changing the belts. How is your general condition? The fact that I was pregnant, I knew in a week without any tests, so much and in such quantities, I never wanted condensed milk.


Time: 09:16 Date: 21/04/02

Can-be lying! And how


Time: 21:50 Date: 22/04/02

And I have tests for 3 months. Showed pregnancy, ultrasound showed her absence. As a result, there was a notopher disease. Sorry, I do not scare, I just share your experience.


Time: 11:51 Date: 23/04/02

Not lied 4 years. If any violations really can promote the 2nd strip.
And so have not blocked. Even a month ago - more than a week there was a delay - the test stubbornly showed "no", I no longer believed and suddenly began ...


Time: 13:58 Date: 23/04/02

Go to the doctor. You will make blood test or look at the ultrasound and determine everything: there is a pregnancy or not it. Because if there is no pregnancy, the cycle failure on such a large period of time is not a very good sign. I would not have withstood so much time unknown, would have run away.


Time: 13:40 Date: 27/04/02

And I have a funny joke with it - I often hand over the blood to the Laboratory of the Central Board, where they are all checking it on everything and they always say that I am pregnant) Although special. Dough do not do, but they speak some of their signs.


Time: 15:44 Date: 28/04/02

I have extensive experience with rapid tests, I do five years. They never let me down. For large delays, since 100 did, always showed no pregnancy. And when I got pregnant, I learned about this exactly from the express test.
In my opinion, the main thing is to correctly:
- use preferably morning urine,
- step by the result in 1-5 min., not 10-20, because After 10-20 minutes, the second strip is always manifested,
- and remember that even the weakest second strip (ate can be seen), means you are pregnant

By the way, when I was in the hospital, doctors, if they needed to urgently determine the pregnancy, they also used them.


Time: 09:09 Date: 08/05/02

Rarely. In healthy women with normal hormone content, good tests practically do not lie. You can donate blood test for xg, make an ultrasound - it's finally.


Time: 22:26 Date: 10/05/02

From the moment of pregnancy, I did a test within a month 6 times ("BE SURE") and never showed pregnancy. It turned out only when I went to the doctor. And somewhere on the second month, the test showed a weak second strip. Like this.


Time: 14:06 Date: 20/05/02

By the way, yesterday did test negative. I have a delay of 6 days, and last month of menstruation was not at all but it was not a doctor who did not have any pregnancy. But I didn't find any tfu-tfu diseases, the cycle says it is necessary to stabilize and spelled the hormones, but I do not drink them . This time I still wait, there is no sign of pregnancy, therefore I do not see them, but there are no signs of monthly. so that. What do I don't know .. maybe already))) i hope ....


Time: 04:05 Date: 29/05/02

three in a row, unlikely. Maybe still wait for ultrasound?


Time: 21:56 Date: 04/06/02

The absolute majority of women dream of becoming a mother. Most problems do not have problems, but some face different difficulties on the way to the birth of a child. And those and others react to the delay of menstruation with the hope that the conception was successfully held and soon they will give rise to a new life.

Fast diagnosis of pregnancy

Modern pharmacy and health care offer women the opportunity to quickly find out if the delay with pregnancy is connected. For this, there is a lot of fast tests that can be used independently at home. They are very popular, because they provide significant opportunities:

  • Saving time - you do not need to go to the laboratory, advice or clinic.
  • Convenience - the study can be carried out when a desire appears.
  • Availability - You can buy in the nearest pharmacy.
  • Simplicity - no effort is required, just urinate and that's it.
  • High accuracy of the result.

What emotions to experience with a positive or negative result is the case of each woman individually and in a separate time. But what if the test is mistaken? Do pregnancy tests lie in principle or their result is final?

It happens that with a negative express test, the menstruals never come, then the tummy begins to grow, and breasts are poured. There is another option when the positive feed does not mean anything. Regulated regulates some time later, which means a new delay on the path to motherhood.

Principle of fast tests

The basis of any test is the immuno-enzyme reaction of specific immunoglobulins (antibodies). These proteins are designed for interaction with a human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), which is called a hormone of pregnancy.

After conception, the embryo is attached to the wall of the uterus, and the mother's body begins to produce hCG hard to enable the normal placenta. Within 10-14 days of pregnancy, its blood concentration increases 5-25 times. It is highlighted by the kidneys, so now you can catch in the urine, which is allowed to make express tests.

In our world, no one can give absolute guarantees to anything. This thesis is fully applicable to pregnancy tests. Their response depends on many factors to which it is not always possible to influence.


Even in the instructions for use, it is indicated that the result is valid about 97-98% of cases. Really, the accuracy of home analysis barely reaches 75%.

However, it is not worth saying that the tests do not lie.

Specificity and sensitivity

All laboratory studies have two characteristics that serve as defining for a reliable result. The first test ability to respond solely on the "goal" is called specificity. The second - sensitivity and shows how high the likelihood is that the reaction to the "goal" detection will occur.

Regarding the diagnosis of pregnancy, it means the following:

  1. A highly sensitive test confidently reacts to raising the level of hCG.
  2. A highly specific test will only respond to hCG and any other connections.

Nowadays, there is no more pregnancy test, whose specificity and sensitivity would reach 100%.

Therefore, always pay attention to the instructions. It indicates how to believe the result obtained with the careful compliance with all recommendations for use.

What is the result and why?

The dough error can be observed in both directions. If the test showed low sensitivity, we are talking about a false negative result. The false positive reaction will be marked when the specificity is violated. Invalid results and in other cases may be provoked by many factors. So, deceive tests capable when:

  • Non-compliance with production technology. Unfortunately, poor-quality fakes are found.
  • Violation of storage and transportation rules. Most often, the accuracy is influenced by non-compliance with the temperature regime and moisture requirements on the path to the consumer.
  • The expiration date.
  • Incorrect use.
  • Changes in hormonal background in the body of a woman.
  • Difficulties affecting the metabolism.

The influence of some factors (manufacturing and storage) to the result is almost impossible to take into account. The remaining can be provided. Consultation of a qualified physician will have great help.

False negative results

With the conception, you can easily encounter a negative test response. Such a situation is most often observed in such cases:

  1. Too early use. Sometimes recommendations are found to conduct a study from 4 days after the delay. Low concentration of hCG causes a test to lie, that conception was not.

  2. Wrong urine collection. For analysis you need to take only the first morning portion. It is most concentrated and the content of chorionic gonadotropin (if there is there) is enough to obtain the result.
  3. Pathology of the urinary system. Chronic kidney diseases can lead to gross violations of the excretory function. The consequence will be a decrease in the concentration of hCG in the urine, even if its level is increased.

The simplest thing that can be done is to repeat the test after a couple of days, strictly observing the instructions. Ideal - 12-14 days after the first day of delay. Before the second study, it will not be superfluous to pass the usual urine analysis in the laboratory of clinics and make sure that everything is in order with the kidneys. Then the probability of being deceived by the test is significantly reduced.

False positive results

A positive answer is also blindly trusted. Especially if time goes, and other signs of pregnancy make themselves wait. The false answer may be if the level of hCG is raised in the urine, but this is not associated with the development of the embryo. Most often it happens when:

  1. Analysis is shortly after interrupting pregnancy (spontaneous or medical).
  2. Hyperproduction of chorionic gonadotropin with some tumors.
  3. Unsugoration of the synthesis of this hormone by drug drugs in the treatment of infertility.
  4. Direct introduction of hCG into the body. For example, for the treatment of some oncological diseases.

Very rarely (but in medicine such cases are described) the so-called false pregnancy may be observed. A woman begins to believe in her pregnancy that she changes the metabolism. The HCG level rises and makes the tests to lie. Significantly exclude pregnancy in this case can only doctors.

This option is also possible, in which the conception occurred safely, the embryo was introduced into the mucous membrane of the uterus, the placenta began to form. However, for various reasons, there is a spontaneous interruption of pregnancy on a very early period.

The offensive of such a miscarriage is difficult because of the small size of the embryo and women think that the test deceived, because they again went monthly.

Non-quality test

If production is not complied with or the test spoiled on the way to the consumer, he can also lie. It is possible to suspect the wrong result, if you carefully look at and after use:

  1. Packaging must be without damage.
  2. It is not allowed to have any stains, bands and color drops on the indicator area.
  3. Exclude signs of physical deformation of the dough itself.
  4. Use only within the expiration date specified on the package.

The result cannot be believed if additional strips appeared not provided for by the instructions. Or, on the contrary, there are no line in the right location - manufacturers always embed a response control into the system. Strips should be smooth, monochrome and clearly defined, occupy the entire width of the window.

With any deviation from the instructions for use, the result of the test may be deceived.

Studies in the hospital

An analysis in the clinic exceeds express tests for home use on reliability, because it takes no urine, and serum blood. It is also searched for all the same chorionic gonadotropin, or rather its β-subunit. In the blood, it appears for the first 24 hours after implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterus wall.

The detection of this fraction of chorionic gonadotropin with high accuracy testifies to the coming pregnancy, that is, a laboratory study has greater specificity.

Nevertheless, the most reliable result is given an obstetrician ear, who heard the palpitations of the fetus and ultrasound. The ultrasonic sensor is not able to lie, so carrying out a transvaginal study finally confirms or refutes the offensive of physiological pregnancy.

To determine the pregnancy in early terms at home, usually many women use a test that can be purchased on any pharmacy, and mostly such tests are rarely lied. Want to know how often pregnancy tests lie?

How to find out if pregnancy tests lie?

Early pregnancy diagnosis helps to avoid many problems in the future while tooling a healthy child. The first signal is that you are pregnant - this is, of course, the absence of a menstrual cycle. Also, elevated appetite, excessive drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, dizziness can also become symptoms of pregnancy. However, sometimes the woman of these symptoms is not enough to establish pregnancy or they are not fully manifested and then it decides to take advantage of the test to determine pregnancy.

In which case the pregnancy test is lying?

It costs to remember that the domestic test is sometimes lying and can not always show the correct result. Both false positive and false negative results are possible if there are following conditions:

  • Kidney disease;
  • Reception of hormonal drugs that contain hong hong;
  • Consumption of a large amount of fluid that flushes a hormone from urine;
  • Ovarian cyst, gynecological tumors;
  • Risk of miscarriage;
  • Ectopic pregnancy;
  • Dough sensitivity level. To identify pregnancy, a test with a sensitivity of 10 MME / ML is recommended for 7 days;
  • The implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus can occur on 10 day after fertilization, so the concentration of hCG is insufficient to determine pregnancy;
  • Violated the shelf life and storage of pregnancy test;
  • Packaging of pregnancy test was broken, moisture got inside;
  • Failure to follow instructions for the use of pregnancy test.

For a reliable result, it is necessary to refer to the gynecologist, which will appoint a test for the determination of the level of hormone in the blood of a woman. Such a test is not lying, as it is carried out in clinical conditions and helps to determine the dynamics of hormone growth, show ectopic pregnancy, prevent miscarriage or fetal fetal.

Can you do a pregnancy test during menstruation?

Undoubtedly, if a woman notices all the symptoms of pregnancy. Usually, the ovulation of many women and girls occurs on the 13-14 day of the menstrual cycle. When fertilization occurs in this cycle, the egg reaches the uterus only on 7-15 days. If implantation occurred later than usual, then menstruation can begin. There are cases when two eggs in different ovaries ripen for one cycle, and if one fertilizes, then the other comes out with the endometrium, forming menstruation. A positive pregnancy test for menstruation is possible and in the presence of a hormonal disorder, ectopic pregnancy or threat of miscarriage. In any case, even if the woman does not believe that the pregnancy test is lying, it is worth consulting a doctor.

How does the test determines the pregnancy?

Pregnancy test is a HCG hormone indicator (human chorionic gonadotropin). Such a hormone highlights a fruit egg after the fertilized egg took place through the phallopis pipes and implanted into the uterine cavity. This is usually happening on the 6th day of pregnancy, while the hormone in the urine increases every two or three days, and decreases only by the tenth of the week of pregnancy.

What do strips mean a pregnancy test?

Pregnancy test contains a special indicator that is able to bind hCG, while changing its color if the hormone concentration exceeds the indicator sensitivity threshold. The first test strip indicates that it is suitable for use, and the second one notifies the presence or absence of pregnancy. Even weak coloring of the second strip indicates pregnancy, since the presence of a hormone varies with time in the body of a woman. Under all the rules for using the test, it has a 98% guarantee.

Pregnancy test will help identify the interesting position of a woman in early terms and signal changes in its body. But only a gynecologist in the hospital will be able to put the most accurate diagnosis, so after the detection of the cherished two strips should not be tightened with a visit to the doctor.