Preparatory actions. How to choose the right counter

The most important thing is: to avoid a fine, the replacement of the meter is made only on the prescription of the organization of power supply. As for whose account, this procedure should occur, the Civil Code of the Russian Federation decided that the cost of installing, replacing and maintaining the electric meter is the owner, if its housing is privatized. If the real estate belongs to the municipality, then the activities of these events are imposed on it.

The tool you need:

  • voltage pointer up to 1000 V or multimeter;
  • cross and flat screwdriver;
  • passatia;
  • nippers;
  • PVC tape;
  • marker and other accessories.

For the replacement of the meter, a third group of electrical safety is needed, which electricians are obtained after passing the training and appropriate certification. The following tips only help to get the concept of how to change the electricity meter and trace the correctness of the electrician.

Classification of devices

  • According to the principle of operation, electrical meters are: induction, for example: NE-1-44, Sazu-I670m, CO-I446, Sazu-IT. Electronic, for example, CE6803B, EE-55, Su 102. The first is the devices built on the principle of electromechanics, where the level of energy consumption depends on the number of rotations of the metal disk. Before electronic, these meters have two advantages: their price and the duration of the interval between verification. Electronic meters are devices within which chips and semiconductors are built. They do not rotate anything mechanically, but there is direct interaction with the voltage sensors, which ensures greater accuracy of the device.

  • By the number of phases, single-phase and three-phase counters differ, and they are used for the networks of the same name. Now they began to produce three-phase devices that can be connected to a single-phase network and vice versa: to conduct separate accounting for any phase, each of them is put on a single-phase meter.
  • Measuring instruments differ in terms of accuracy class (2.5%, 2.0%, 1.0%, 0.5%, 0.5% s, 0.2%), in accordance with which the measurement error level is determined. The accuracy class of the counter in the residential room should be 2.0.
  • Devices can be connected via current transformers or have direct inclusion. The latter is used for currents with load up to 100 A, and if the load is larger, then the device is connected through a transformer with a secondary current 5 A.

  • The voltage class at the meters is 220/380 in or 100 V. If the object is powered by a high-voltage transmission, then in this case the device with the secondary voltage of 100 V, in combination with the current transformer, is used.
  • According to the number of tariffs, counters are issued single, two- and multitarithic. If a two-tariff meter is installed, the owners appear the opportunity to pay separately through the day (from 7 am to 11 pm) and the night rate (from 11 pm to 7 am). At the same time, the night is obtained almost 2 times cheaper. Many owners of such counters find more profitable to enjoy, for example, washing machine, at night.

The procedure for replacing electricity meter

The counter should be installed in a dry room with a temperature of 0 ° C - 40 ° C in an accessible place. If the desired temperature is difficult to observe, it should be organized, for example, a wardrobe with insulation and heating.

The most convenient installation locations are the walls, accounts and shields, the inner space of the cabinets, relay compartments of complex distribution devices. The dimensions of niches and cabinets should be such that there is easy access to all conclusions, as well as provide a convenient replacement of the counter in the future.

It is allowed to secure the device on metal, wooden or plastic shields. The permissible height of the installation is at the human eye level, that is, 900-1700 mm from the floor, for the convenience of removing the readings.

Tip: The angle of inclination of the installed device must be no more than 1 °, otherwise there will be an error in accounting.

First of all - the old counter is removed. Since in most cases the wiring in our homes is single-phase, then a single-phase meter disassembly is driven as an example:

  1. The introductory circuit breaker is turned off. Unfortunately, there is no such means on all the meters of the old sample, often the power cable comes directly on the terminals, but according to the PUE, an introductory machine must be installed for safe replacement of the electric meter.
  2. With the help of bruises, the seal is removed, the mounting screws are unscrewed and the lid is removed.
  3. The voltage is measured on the counter terminals by the voltage pointer. Important: The measuring device must be tested and have a printing of an electronicle, as well as the date of the current test.
  4. If there is no marking color, it can be done using a marker.
  5. Disconnect the wires from the electric meter.
  6. Unscrew the mount and the device is dismantled.
  7. The new counter is set in reverse order. After marks on the wall for new mounts, holes are made.
  8. Connection begins with the exit of the counter whose connectors' designation is indicated in the instructions.
  9. For example, there are 4 outputs - phase input, phase output, input and zero output. In this case, it is better to start with the connection of the phase output from the counter to the first connector of the machine, and the output of the zero stretches to the second connector.
  10. Upon completion of the installation, turn on all the electrical appliances and check the operation of the meter: the direction of the disk movement, if it is induction, and light indication, if it is electrical. If the disk rotates in the opposite direction or the indicator is on the "reverse", it means that the wires were connected in incorrect order.

Attention! Do not throw away the box and passport from the new meter! The passport shows the initial data of the device, since its factory indicator is not equal to zero.

Separately, it should be said about the switching machine. Before electric meters with a voltage to 0.4 kV at a distance of no more than 10 m, a fuse should be installed. Since often representatives of the electricity supplier alarms the presence of an automatic switch, it is recommended to be placed in a plastic box with an "ear" for sealing.

Documentation required after replacing electricity meter

At the end of work, they should be called to the House of the Inspector of the Power Supplying Company, to issue an act of replacing the electricity meter and make its seal. The act is drawn up in two copies.

  1. Count 1 (attachment). It indicates the name of the feeder, where the replacement was made.
  2. Count 2 (indication of the type, factory number, year of release, accuracy class). Data is entered both removed and installed counters.
  3. Graph 3 (stigma of the urban). The quarter and year of the last calibration for old and new devices is recorded.
  4. Count 4 (testimony). The energy data is written off active (kW / h) and reactive (KVA / H) of both meters and are transferred to the corresponding cells of the act's table.
  5. Count 5 (calculated coefficient). Depending on the scheme, according to which the meter was installed, as well as the current transformer coefficient. "Washed" number of kilowatt per day multiplied by the coefficient and the real amount of electricity consumption is obtained.
  6. Count 6 (unrecorded electricity). Meaning the costs of it in the period at the time of replacement.
  7. Count 7 (replacement causes). The motive of reinstallation is justified. Here are the most frequent of them: the need for verification, due to an expired period; non-compliance of the accuracy class of the device with modern requirements; Due to the commercial accountability, the need for an hourly fixation of data.
  8. Count 8 (removal of vector diagram). It is made by an inspector using a voltamperfazometer and is entered into the act.

At the end, the seal number and the data of the Organization that has delivered is specified.

Often for documentation in a residential building, a simplified version of the act is used, where the same data fit into the strings and by hand.

If you have the necessary qualifications to set the meter yourself, then instead of a replacement organization, you enter your name and attach a copy of the document confirming your security group. It is important that the date of the certification is not overdue.

Electricity consumption by residents of apartments and private houses should be registered on the tagging nodes installed in the residential premises on the staircase or on the outer wall of the structure.

Approves the responsibility of accounting instruments owners to use class 2.0 or 1.0 meters. Those devices whose CT \u003d 2.5, users have the right to operate until the end of the 16-year-old intermediate interval of the electric meter, and then obliged to dismantle the old counter and establish a new one with a high accuracy class.

Who carries costs

The law establishes, at whose expense is acquired, they are mounted and containing electricity meters - at the expense of balance holders:

  • The costs of the instruments installed in the apartment or derived to the staircase are owned by the owners of the apartments. Replacing the electricity meter on the staircase is made at the expense of a citizen.
  • Uniform devices installed in public areas can belong to citizens - electricity consumers. Then the supervision of the state of the counters leads by citizens.
  • If the accounting devices belong to the municipality or transferred to the balance of power supplying organization, the costs of the maintenance of general appliances and instruments in the municipal apartment are owned by the owners of the building. Proper supervision and maintenance of the metering device finances the municipality.

Induction or electronic

The obligation to replace the old counter to the new requires to decide on the choice. The country produces two types of counters with a 1.0 accuracy class: induction and electronic. And those and other manufacturers guarantee the service life of 16 years. Each type has its advantages and disadvantages. The main question is how much the counter is, and when the acquisition will pay off.

Induction counters have high reliability and two important shortcomings:

  1. The impossibility of generating in the ASKUE.
  2. Work with one tariff.

Electronic devices are developed functionality, but reliability is determined by the quality of the element base. The possibility of accounting for two tariffs does not attract the population. Rebuild the mode of life on the night, when the reduced tariff is valid, does not seem to be a healthy idea. The cost savings of Kilowatta will turn irreplaceable health losses.

Housing and utilities system develops and leisurely implements automatic accounting of resource consumption. Someday Aska in residential buildings will be part of life, then automatic day and night consumption is required. But for a two-tariff device you have to pay 10 times more expensive than one-tariff, its cost is 6000 rubles, while at the same-tariff price of 600 rubles, with a foggy prospect of cost compensation. Therefore, the population is useful than the old counter to change to a single-tariff device that performs functions:

  • Measurement not only the quantity, but also the quality of the resource consumed;
  • Remote interface for testing;
  • Long interval of data archive storage time;
  • Fixing attempting hacking.

What electricity meters are subject to replace

Replacements are subject to instruments with an accuracy class 2.5; faulty; with broken viewing glass; With an expired calibration. Mandatory replacement is provided for class 2.5 instruments.

How to change the instrument account

To replace the counter, you can contact:

When self-replaced, the counter should adhere to the regulations, know the order of work. The replacement procedure consists of the following actions:

  • In Russia, there is a register of certified accounting devices. The acquired counter must be listed in the registry.
  • The height of the accommodation assembly on the vertical surface is in the range of 40-170 centimeters. It can be a wall, wardrobe, shield, panel. Mounting place should be easily accessible in the future when inspection or repairing the device.
  • The wiring before entering into the counter should not contain bundles and twists.
  • The mounted instrument must be seen, for which an application should be submitted to ECO. In the city of Moscow and in the Moscow region is Mosenergosbyt, in St. Petersburg - Petroelectrosbyt. An employee will put a seal and arrange an act of instrument tolerance. Terms of performance are negotiated with the customer. Sealing is free.

A total of two fillings should be located on the device: the stamp of the dospital and the seal of the sales organization.

The penalty for untimely replacement of the counter is not provided, but its testimony will not be taken to pay. Accruals will go according to a consumption standard for 1 person.

Documents confirming the replacement of the meter

  1. Two-way replacement certificate issued by the organization (face) with your signature;
  2. The act of commissioning instrument, if you independently changed it or a familiar electrician.

How to arrange a self-control

Doubts in the correct operation of the device at the initial stage can be eliminated independently. In the daytime, de-energized all the devices in the apartment.

Fix the meter readings with an accuracy of two fractional signs.

Turn on one incandescent lamp with easily readable power, for example, 60 watts. Came up time - one hour. By expiration of the interval, write down the meter readings.

Delete initial readings from the final. There should be a result of 0.06 kW * h - it is so much electricity for an hour "wut" a properly working counter. Self-calibration will save user time. With a significant deviation in any direction, you should write an application to the ESO and replace the counter.

Video: When and how the electric meter should be replaced

At the end of the 18th century, electrical energy counters became necessary and indispensable in everyday life. Such devices are needed to determine the consumption of electricity of AC or DC. Like any technical devices, they must be constantly checking, and if necessary, replace.

Terms of operation, the calibration of such a device determines the manufacturer itself. If necessary, dismantling the old instrument and install the new one. The replacement of the electric meter should be made by qualified specialists, for example, by the masters of the Energy PJSC Mosenergosbyt PJSC.

Classification and types of counters

Today, consumers, accounting for used electricity, mainly use two types of electricity meters - induction and electronic. Early mass consumers used induction instruments of accounting.

Today they are physically and morally outdated and do not provide adequate accuracy in taking into account the use of electricity.

Because of his primitiveness, this device will not give a meditate, he does not have the ability to read the instrument readings at a distance.
Important

Electronic counters provide accurate indicators of electricity consumption and the consumer do not have to pay more.

Such devices are multitiff, for example, "day" or "night", which will allow rationally to distribute electricity costs and save payment. Such devices are well transferring the differences in temperature and humidity and can be installed even on the street.

Therefore, if possible, such induction devices can be changed to electronic, and all new houses are equipped with only such devices.

Electronic counters have certain differences in functionality. For the client, such indicators as the "accuracy class" and "target" are fundamentally important.

  • "Accuracy class" is one of the main characteristics that determines the level of deviations in the meter measurements. Until the middle of the last century, all devices had an accuracy class 2.5 - error in measurements was a little more than two percent. In 1996, the new standard of accuracy was applied - 2.0, which was the main reason that they began to change induction meters to electronic.
  • "Tariff" is an important part when calculating consumption. Previously, all devices were only one idarithic, counted at a single price per kW. Modern devices involve taking into account consumption not only by time of day, but even in time of the year. Their price depends on the model and from the type of tariff.

Any of the accounting device has a certain period - an intermediate interval, after which it is necessary to complete the verification of the meter.

For induction it is 8 years old, and for electronic models - 16 years. If damage will be detected when calibrated, inaccuracies in readings, it will be necessary to dismantle and replace the device.

When, and at whose expense it will be produced, is solved in place with the consumer.

Most customers after the expiration date, immediately ordered a new counter, which will further avoid excess costs.

Why it is necessary to change electricity meters

After a certain time, the counters have to change. It may be replaced by a planned after calibration, can be repaired. All these procedures are mandatory and must be implemented in accordance with applicable legal norms.

In this regard, the consumer has questions - how to make a replacement of the device, and how much it will cost. The main reasons why need to be changed:

  • the use of the device expires;
  • there was no verification of more than two years;
  • a certain breakdown - a crack on the glass, does not rotate the disk, the error is greater than 2.5);
  • improving the device;

For accounting for electricity consumption, those counters approved and meet the standards are suitable. The choice of the counter should be entrusted by a specialist who, when choosing a device, account for all the necessary subtleties - the type of wiring in the house, existing power, the state of the internal wiring. It will also be consideration of technical capabilities:

  • what type of connection is a direct connection to the chain or transformer;
  • what type of meter is single-phase or three-phase;
  • what is the structure of consumption accounting - a monotaric or multitariff;
  • what is the model counter.

Who pays for the replacement of the counter

Such a question - how at whose expense the meters can be replaced, worries many. During the time that the device is also working normally, the owner is responsible. If the housing is privatized, the owner will carry all the financial costs for installing maintenance. If housing is not property, all expenses will pay the city authorities.

If the device is located outside the apartment, for example, on the staircase, it is the property of the house, and all the questions - at whose expense will be replaced by the device, it is worth asking the management company.

Replacing Mosenergosbyt electricity meter can be free for certain populations.

These include preferential categories - veterans of the Great Patriotic War, large families, people with a small income. If the planned replacement occurs, the device is under warranty from the manufacturer.

Mosenergosbyt can also replace for free, but sometimes an account for payment can be only for the work of the master.

Replacing the electric meter by Mosenerggug

To date, it is quite often a question about replacing the electric meter in the apartment. How to do it? Or how to put a 2-tariff device? First of all, it is necessary to figure out which function will be the device that you plan to put, as in each case there are its own characteristics.

When replacing the electric meter, it will be well changed and old traffic jams and automata to modern.

What do you need to know?

  • According to the functions that are imposed on the counters, the calculated and accounting models are distinguished.
  • Calculations according to the testimony produces "Electrosbyt". Also, this organization is performed and replacing electricity meters. Petroelectrosbyt is engaged in this issue if you are in St. Petersburg. The devices are sealed by the staff of this organization, and can only break the fillings with the permission of this company. In the case of its autopsy, without appropriate permission, a rather big penalty threatens or disconnecting electricity in your residential room.
  • Calculations on the readings of the accounting meter are produced between consumers, for example, in a communal apartment - between neighbors. That is, electricity is taken into account, which consumed by any consumer (neighbor) separately. Such devices are not sealing, therefore the cost of replacing the electricity meter will be lower.

In what cases is the replacement of meters

There are two types of work on replacing devices: planned and unscheduled. The main requirement is that the replacement of the apparatus must produce a specialist of an enterprise that supplies electricity.

Planned replacement of electricity meter in the apartment

Work when planned replacement of the counting device is performed in the following cases. First, the replacement of the electric meter is necessary if such a device is already outdated and requires replacement. Old models today can no longer correspond to the load that new electrical appliances are withstanding. The number of such devices in apartments is constantly growing. It is worth noting that such devices are changed due to the long operation to increase the transition resistance.

The consequence of such changes can be the sparking of wires, causing fires that may occur during short circuit. Therefore, the replacement of the electric meter is necessary even for considerations of the safety of your home, as well as your life and health.

Explaced meter replacement

Such a replacement of the electricity meter is performed if it stopped working. Often there are situations when devices cease to take into account electricity consumed and do not show the correct testimony. The reason for this can be both depreciation of the device and its breakdown when overloading in the network itself. In such cases, the user needs to submit an application to an energy supply organization, after which it will be carried out on the replacement of the meter. About the malfunction of the device must immediately inform the "energy sales" - a well-compiled statement can help avoid a fine.

At the call, the inspector arrived by the inspector of this organization, according to the rules, is obliged when replacing the electric meter, to replace the testimony, sealing and make an appropriate act, which will confirm the inoperability of this instrument.

Accounting for electricity without counter

In the period when the electricity meter will be replaced, payment for its consumption will be charged on the daily average indicators that have been established during the last 30 calendar days. If for such a period, the new device will not be installed, the basis for accruals will include consumption standards, which depend on the entire area of \u200b\u200bresidential premises and the number of people registered in it. It is worth noting that the time during which electricity was used without taking into account, and the average consumed power should be recorded in the act signed by both parties.

Where to get the electric meter?

Replacing the electricity meter involves the purchase of such a device that must have a certificate made to the State Register responsible for measuring instruments. The acquired apparatus must be sealing by the state belief, the self should be the date of calibration.

The period from the specification date of the counter to the date of its installation should not exceed 2 years for a single-phase appliance and 1 year for a three-phase device.

The procedure for replacing the electric meter

  • The owner of the residential area has a desire to replace the old counter to the new one.
  • An expressing desire writes a statement to an organization for energy supply and asks to remove the latest testimony from the old device, as well as a seal due to the fact that the electricity meter will be replaced.
  • Next comes a specialist technician who examines and makes an act of inspection of this state of the assembly on the accounting of electricity, fixes the readings on the device, the device is checked, removes the seal, etc.

  • From now on, the entire settlement of electricity will be made in accordance with the average monthly testimony of the consumption of your home or by the so-called "sockets" - the number and power of consumers in the house is multiplied by the coefficient and the number of consumption hours.
  • After that, with the help of an electrician specialist, the electricity meter is replaced in the apartment.
  • In Energosbyt, the owner of the apartment writes a new statement, in which he asks for commissioning a new apparatus, as well as produce calculations on the indications of this electrical appliance.
  • A specialist technician comes again, checks the diagram of connecting the device, fixes the number and readings of the meter, puts the seal and leaves.
  • Now payment for electricity is made according to a new electric meter. It is necessary to know that the device should be installed in accordance with the rules of operation of electrical installations, and more specifically: not lower than 0.7 m from the floor and not higher than two meters (the level of the person's eye, in order to not put the stool and subsequently do not fall from it).
  • The connection diagram of the device should be correct (the first phase - the input, the third - zero input, the second is the consumer, the fourth - zero consumer).
  • Electrical connections that are not insulated at the input of the counter cover must be sealed.

Who pays for the replacement of the electric meter?

Many things are wondering how much the electricity meter is worth the replacement and who is responsible for it. The owner of the object on which the electric meter is installed is responsible for its integrity, maintenance and safety. If the accounting device is installed in a housing room, its safety, as well as integrity, provides the owner of this residential premises. As a rule, the replacement of the meter costs the owner in the amount of 1200-1400 rubles, without taking into account the value of the device itself. This is how the decision to replace the electricity meters of the Government of the Russian Federation on August 2006 No. 530 "On approval of the rules for the functioning of retail electricity markets in the transition period of the reform of the electric power industry".

Replacing an electric meter in a privatized / unsuccessful apartment

If the electric meter is located in an apartment that is privatized, or in a room belonging to the housing and construction cooperative, then in this case everything is extremely clear. The Civil Code, operating in the territory of the Russian Federation, explains that the owner carries the burden of the content of residential premises.

In the event that the apartment is not privatized, then it is not so simple here. To properly resolve this issue, the tenant should appeal to the Civil Code of Russia, in which there are norms and the law on the replacement of electricity meters. It is this document and regulates the issues related to electricity.

Here it is necessary to rely on Article 539 of the Civil Code of Russia. Its essence is that in accordance with the power supply contract, the organization is obliged to give the consumer through the electricity installed and affiliated to it, and the consumer, in turn, must pay and comply with the consumption mode, to ensure the safety of the operation of energy networks, as well as provide The serviceability of devices and equipment that are directly related to electricity consumption.