Non-lethal weapon. Non-Lethal Weapons - Weapons - Army (Ground Forces) - Top secret - Pentagonus. Sticky combat foam

Not so long ago, information appeared that specialists from the Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense are working on testing non-lethal electromagnetic weapons. The development of such weapons is associated with the aggravation of the internal political situation inside the country.

The authorities fear that rallies and demonstrations of many thousands in Moscow could eventually escalate into riots. According to the head of the department of the research institute of the Ministry of Defense, Lieutenant Colonel Dmitry Soskov, the developed installation is intended for non-lethal impact on people. It uses extremely high-frequency (EHF) electromagnetic radiation as the main damaging factor.

The directed beam of this installation causes unbearable pain in a person. According to the specialist, the most powerful beam generated by the installation begins to interact with moisture contained in the upper layers of human skin and penetrates only tenths of a millimeter. At the same time, such an impact is sufficient.

According to Soskov, the impact on the internal organs of a person is completely excluded. At the same time, a person irradiated by this beam begins to experience a serious burning sensation of the skin, which can cause heat shock in him. A person exposed to the influence of the installation instinctively tries to hide from the invisible striking beam. It is assumed that along with rubber truncheons, Cherryomukha tear gas and water cannons, electromagnetic beams will become the main weapon of the police during the dispersal of unauthorized demonstrations and rallies.

It is worth noting that even earlier this development was presented in the United States and was called the Active Denial System (ADS), this system is also known under a different name - "ray of pain". For the first time, the general public learned about the existence of the ADS program in 2011. American development of illegal weapons is also aimed at breaking up rallies. Due to the use of high-frequency electromagnetic beams, it can hit targets at a distance of up to 1 kilometer.

This installation is located on the basis of a special truck or a Hummer vehicle. The high-frequency electromagnetic oscillations used in the Active Ejection System do not harm a person, while creating a feeling of unbearable heat in the latter, which is why the development was named "pain ray" or "heat ray".

According to the head of the Joint Directorate for Non-Lethal Types of Weapons Tracy Tafolla, a person cannot but see, hear, or smell this beam. According to the expert, this novelty can be attributed to the safest types of weapons that are used today. It does not cause cancer in a person, does not alter his genes, which could have a bad effect on his children. For greater safety, the running time of the Active Knockback System can be forcibly limited to 3 seconds.

Unlike rubber bullets or the same truncheons and tear gas, this type of weapon is safe even for pregnant women. True, according to some skeptics, the use of such rays in practice can threaten the emergence of panic in a crowd of people. As a result, the weapon can leave even more casualties after use than the use of a traditional bomb.

Below you can get acquainted with 10 types of non-lethal weapons, which today are the most famous all over the world. Some of them can even be classified as comical, nevertheless, these developments really existed. Who knows, maybe in the future hostilities will take place in such a way that a victory over the enemy will not mean his physical destruction.

The Incapacitating Flashlight

The device with this name was created by the Californian company Intelligent Optical Systems. Most of all, it resembles an ordinary "flashlight", with the help of powerful LEDs, a series of light pulses of various colors and durations are generated, which are very painful for the human eye. As a result of the impact of such a "flashlight", a live target, while remaining in full health, temporarily loses its orientation in space.

Active Knockback System - Active Denial System

Already mentioned above, also known as "ray of pain". It is just one of the types of weapons that are being developed in the framework of the American program "Weapons of controlled effects". The weapon is a device that emits electromagnetic oscillations in the range of millimeter waves with a high frequency of 94 GHz, which has a short-term shock effect on people. The principle of operation of this type of non-lethal weapon is that when a beam hits a person from a device, 83% of its energy is absorbed by the upper layer of the exposed skin.

The SpeechJammer

This very peculiar device was created by scientists from Japan, translated into Russian it can be called a speech muffler. If you direct this device towards a constantly speaking person and start it, then in a few minutes the speaker will begin to confuse the words in his speech and will soon become silent.

This device is not really a weapon, but, perhaps, with proper development, it can be used during spontaneous or unauthorized rallies in order to stop the speech of one of the most active speakers. It is worth noting that this installation has already been able to receive the 2012 Shnobel Prize. This award is presented annually in the United States for the most dubious achievements in science.

Artillery shell XM1063

This projectile is a chemical weapon, the action of which is based on the defeat of a potential enemy with a strong stench. An artillery shell explodes in the air above the target, spraying chemical elements over it, which, acting on the amygdala in the human brain, can cause not only unpleasant sensations that are intolerable, but also overwhelming fear. In the course of the impact of such shells, the enemy simply flees. An artillery shell explodes in the air above the target.

It is a non-lethal laser weapon created by the US Department of Defense. It is used to temporarily blind and disorient the enemy. The prototype for the PHASR rifle was the British Dazzler laser weapon, which was used to blind Argentine pilots during the short war over the Falkland Islands. The American-developed PHASR is a low-intensity laser, so its blinding effect is only temporary. In this case, if necessary, the wavelength can be changed.

In 1995, laser weapons that would harm eyesight were banned by the UN Convention, which was called the Blinding Laser Weapons Protocol. After the adoption of this protocol, the Pentagon curtailed some of its developments, but the PHASR rifle was defended. This is due to its short exposure time, as well as the fact that the Protocol does not prohibit the use of lasers that do not cause irreversible visual impairment. According to the US Department of Defense, this weapon can be indispensable in situations where the enemy needs to be temporarily blinded.

Thunder generator

Israeli-made non-lethal weapons capable of generating strong sound waves are designed to disperse crowds of demonstrators and rioters. Remarkable is the fact that it was originally created to scare away birds and other pests from grain crops and was created within the walls of one of the agro-industrial enterprises.

Sticky Combat Foam

When it hits the enemy, this projectile emits a huge amount of a foamy chemical reagent, which very quickly increases in volume and dries up on the victim, making it impossible for it to move. The enemy soldier's movements are constrained by frozen foam, he is actually immobilized. This development was used by the American Marines in a number of special operations in Somalia.

Pepper pomegranate

The shock pomegranate was created by Indian scientists and stuffed with chili peppers and can be used for a variety of purposes. For example, to prevent riots, to fight terrorism, to produce new means of self-defense for women. The pomegranate was created from the naga yolokia variety. This variety is several 100 times hotter than other chili peppers and grows in the state of Assam, located in northeastern India. For its pungency, this type of pepper was noted in the Guinness Book of Records.

Gay bomb

Such a rather amusing name was given to chemical weapons, the action of which was based on powerful aphrodisiacs. Being dropped on enemy troops, these bombs were supposed to cause strong sexual arousal among soldiers, stimulating homosexual behavior. At the end of 2004, the disclosure of this information became the cause of a scandal in connection with a possible violation by America of international conventions on the non-proliferation of chemical weapons.

It also sparked outrage among gay organizations, which were offended by the suggestion that homosexual soldiers were less capable of fighting. In response to all the accusations that were voiced, the Pentagon said that the existing ideas for the creation of this weapon did not receive further development.

Taser Shotgun

Powerful non-lethal electroshock weapon. It differs from ordinary stun guns in the ability to hit a target at a significant distance - 4.5-10 meters. Manufactured in the USA, adopted by the local police, which most often uses the M26 and X26 models. Among other things, the Taser Shotgun is approved for use by civilians in 43 states.

Basic information

Weapons of non-lethal (non-lethal) action, conventionally called "humane" in the media, are designed to temporarily disable enemy manpower without causing permanent damage to human health.

This category includes an extensive complex of mechanical, chemical, electrical and light-sound devices used by law enforcement agencies and special services to provide psychophysical, traumatic and restraining effects on the offender, temporarily incapacitating him, as well as by army special forces to capture the enemy alive.

As a rule, special equipment is used by law enforcement agencies to detain offenders, suppress active resistance on their part, release hostages, suppress and liquidate group hooligan manifestations and riots.

Security concerns

The use of non-lethal weapons is designed to minimize the possibility of unintentional victims. It is impossible to completely exclude this, but such cases are extremely rare. The most common causes that can lead to the death of a person when using non-lethal weapons are accidental shots, ricochets, mishandling and illegal use of weapons, as well as the victim's hidden medical problems.

Since different parts of the human body differ in the degree of vulnerability, and people themselves differ in physical condition, any weapon capable of disabling is likely to be capable of becoming a murder weapon under certain circumstances. The use of plastic, rubber bullets and other "non-lethal" ammunition can cause contusions, fractured ribs, concussion, loss of eyes, superficial damage to various organs and skin, skull injuries, ruptures of the heart, kidneys, liver, internal hemorrhages, and even death. Persons exposed to non-lethal weapons should see a doctor immediately, even in the absence of visible injuries.

It is worth noting that the use of microwave guns led to brain injuries in the US soldiers who controlled them, therefore, just 2 months after being put into operation, the Pentagon was forced to urgently recall them. Each of these injuries was accompanied by injuries to the face and neck, and in some cases cerebral palsy. The soldiers were disabled for life.

Weapon description

• Traumatic cartridges with rubber or plastic bullets, intended for use in police or military firearms.

• Traumatic weapon specially designed for shooting traumatic ammunition: for example, pistols "OSA" and "Makarych".

• Water cannons- devices that have a physical effect with jets of water under high pressure. As a rule, they do not cause any serious injuries, but they can cause hypothermia, and at negative temperatures, frostbite, incl. with a lethal outcome. They can be built on the basis of improvised means (in particular, fire hoses). They are among the most widespread and popular means of riot control.

• Flashbang grenades- made on the basis of burning pyrotechnics and creating a low-temperature gas plasma, when using them, a person becomes blind for 30 seconds and loses hearing for 5 hours.

• Foam blower- a device that fires a special fast-hardening and enveloping foam; soldiers quickly lose not only mobility, but also hearing and sight.

• Viscous / slippery polymers- Substances that, during polymerization, form a viscous or, conversely, a very slippery film on the surface of objects.

see also

Notes (edit)

Links

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

See what "Non-lethal weapon" is in other dictionaries:

- (non-lethal) special types of weapons capable of short-term or long-term depriving the enemy of the opportunity to conduct hostilities without inflicting irreparable losses on him. Designed for those cases when the use of conventional weapons, ... ...

WEAPON OF UNLETHAL ACTION- special types of weapons capable of short-term or long-term depriving the enemy of the opportunity to conduct hostilities without inflicting irrecoverable losses on him. It is intended for those cases when the use of conventional weapons, and even more so ... ... Legal encyclopedia

Non-lethal weapon (non-lethal)- types of weapons based on new physical principles (first of all, laser and microwave), special small arms, special chemical and biological means of immobilizing personnel and equipment, as well as ... ... Civil protection. Conceptual and terminological dictionary- a type of non-lethal weapon, the influence of which on a person is carried out through the use of directed radiation of powerful infrasonic vibrations. It can cause disorders of the organs of orientation and coordination of movements, ... ... Emergency Dictionary

- (psychotropic) technogenic means of deliberate informational and (or) energetic impact, affecting mental functions, on the work of human physiological organs and systems. In the classification of types of weapons O. pf. belong to the class ... ... Emergency Dictionary

Check information. It is necessary to verify the accuracy of the facts and the accuracy of the information presented in this article. There should be explanations on the talk page. Infrasonic weapons are weapons used in ... Wikipedia

Non-lethal weapon see Non-lethal weapon (non-lethal). EdwART. Glossary of terms of the Ministry of Emergencies, 2010 ... Emergency Dictionary

Non-lethal weapon

In the early 90s of the last century, the US military circles once again raised the issue of the use of new technologies in the field of weapons. One of these types was a non-lethal (non-lethal) weapon, the use of which, according to the idea, should have led not to the death or injury of the enemy, but exclusively to his neutralization. At the Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, extensive research has begun in this area at the initiative of the US government.

According to the US Department of Defense classification, non-lethal weapons must have one or both of the following characteristics: 1) have a relatively reversible effect on personnel or material object; 2) acts differently on objects in the area of ​​their influence.

Such weapons include means of chemical, mechanical, light, sound and electromagnetic effects.

According to the technological classification, these weapons are divided into:

Weapons using kinetic energy;

Electrical;

Acoustic;

Directed energy;

Riot control chemicals and maldorants;

Biochemical agents;

Combined technologies.

And, of course, despite the name, the use of such funds does not exclude serious injury or death.

Alvin and Heidi Toffler in their work "War and Antiwar" argue that similar experiments and developments were carried out in the United States not only among the professional military, but also among various think tanks. In 1995, the Council on Foreign Relations sponsored a publication on non-lethal technologies, indicating in the foreword that the CFR does not have a position on the matter. Of course, other states and military blocs are also interested in the possibility of using new technologies in defense and security. In December 2004, NATO issued a report that considered the possibility of using these weapons during peace enforcement operations until 2020. The document reflected five priority technologies: 1) radio frequency devices; 2) construction of barriers (acoustic, electromagnetic, mechanical); 3) counteraction to the force of adhesion; 4) electric shock; 5) networks, and also considered many means for use both against people and against material objects. Weapons against objects included: radio frequency devices (to disable electronics); lasers (high power for destruction and low power for dazzling people; chemicals (slippery and viscous foam, super-sticky and superfine substances, graphite powders); biological components (bacteria, destroying materials); barriers (nets, wire fences, wheel piercing systems). There are slightly more means of influence against manpower: microwave systems (exposure to the skin), lasers (skin burns and blinding), chemicals (toxic substances - incapacitants, chemical riot control agents - Riot Control Agent, RCA), acoustic technologies (with psychological and physical effects); barriers (nets, air cushions), kinetic agents (traumatic bullets), electric shock, dizziness generators (acoustic and shock waves), dyes (for marking) and combined systems.

Attempts to legitimize non-lethal weapons led to the development of a certain doctrine, which is quite clearly expressed in the study of Colonel J. Siniscalchi. He writes that “non-lethal weapons are characterized by precision, selectivity and versatility. The ability to control weapons and minimize the effects of violence creates flexible military capabilities that can be applied across the entire spectrum of conflicts.

Non-lethal weapons provide a choice between diplomacy and lethality. It provides the flexibility to prevent a crisis from occurring by creating space and time, controlling the level of violence, and bridging the gap between diplomatic action and the use of lethal force. Non-lethal weapons lend sustainability to sanctions and protect diplomatic efforts.

Early intervention can reduce the cost of intervention and the risk of escalation. Non-lethal weapons can be used early and proactively, reducing the risk of escalating lethal destruction.

Non-lethal weapons can be effective in times of war. In combat, the use of weapons requires the most effective combination of lethal and non-lethal weapons. In situations where non-lethal weapons can provide equivalent or more effective results, they should be used.

Non-lethal weapons are most effective in a synergistic strategy. A non-lethal strategy must be closely coordinated and implemented in conjunction with appropriate political and economic efforts. The cumulative impact will produce a powerful coercive tool to achieve national policy goals, without the risks of traditional military action.

Non-lethal weapons are not a universal replacement for lethal capabilities. Leaders at risk must retain the means and authority to use lethal force. Adherence to a non-lethal strategy must be limited when American resources and lives are in danger.

Non-lethal technologies are not applicable in all situations. The success of non-lethal technologies depends on the specific situation, political goals, and the definition of vulnerable threats. Skillful use must take into account the enemy's vulnerability, political objectives, the results of possible unintended consequences, and compliance with international conventions. Any of these factors can render the use of non-lethal technologies ineffective. "

If with some types of such weapons (batons, traumatic and gas weapons, water cannons, stun guns) everything is extremely clear, since it has long been used not only by the military, but also by the police, then some new types should be considered in more detail.

First of all, it is worth paying attention to special biochemical agents that could be used in combat conditions. The United States has already used the Orange Agent during the Vietnam War. Now, however, research has begun to be carried out on the widest possible spectrum; Among the proposed samples were agents of sedative effects and vice versa, causing discomfort: gastrointestinal convulsants, drugs that cause painful reactions to light, strong sexual arousal, etc. These projects were seriously involved in special units of the US Marine Corps and the US Army. And not only enemy troops were considered as a potential target for the use of such drugs.

As stated in the Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Concept, the military has begun developing and testing various chemicals such as maldorants (that is, stinking substances) and their delivery vehicles for potential use against enemy military forces, “potentially hostile” civilians, and to suppress riots. Since the number of deaths from various US and NATO special operations is quite large not only among combatants and terrorists, but also among the civilian population, it can be concluded that these maldorants were primarily considered for use against civilians during riots or in difficult situations.

However, since the United States signed the Chemical Weapons Convention, it was necessary to find loopholes in the legislation to justify the use of psychoactive substances ranging from drowsy to hallucinatory. This required the appearance of a democratic debate in the army. Back in 1992, the US Army issued a draft document "Operational Concepts of Non-Lethal Weapons", which assumed certain allocations for the development of ammunition with side effects both for use against enemy personnel and against military equipment. The concept itself emerged as a result of a rethinking of the ways of waging war based on the experience of the Gulf War in 1991, when the US Department of Defense approved the idea of ​​developing a doctrine of non-lethal war (soft kill). But at the time, another lobby had won over at the Pentagon (partly due to public pressure to cut military spending), and the project was shelved. However, then this topic began to rise again in the US military circles at various conferences and round tables. During one such meeting, Lt. Col. Coppernol stated that "sedatives and gastrointestinal convulsions may be acceptable when classified as a means of controlling riot." He noted that "once these technologies are modified into actual weapons or armed systems, the Navy's military legal service will analyze them for toxicity and compliance with international laws, conventions and internal restrictions before final approval for mass production or refusal."

As independent researchers note, maldorants (smelly bombs) have already existed since the Second World War. In 1966, attempts were made in the United States to develop maldorants that targeted specific ethnic groups. DARPA at the time was conducting a study, "whether cross-cultural differences are related to the sense of smell, and if so, especially in connection with the unpleasant smell, to what extent it can be used in psychological warfare." The Pentagon's interest in this type of weapon was renewed after the events in Somalia. It should be noted that with the advent of new developments in the field of DNA, interest in racial weapons has flared up with renewed vigor. As the director of the Swedish National Defense Research Institute Bo Riebeck noted in 1992, “If we can learn to distinguish the DNA of racial and ethnic groups, we can distinguish between whites and blacks, Jews and Mongoloids, between Swedes and Finns, and develop an agent that kills only members of a specific group. " In addition to the biochemical agents themselves, the means of their delivery were also developed in the USA. General Dynamics, the main US weapons firm, through the Overhead Chemical Agent Dispersal System (OCADS) project, has developed an 81mm mortar with a 1.5km range and a dedicated 120mm burst capsule.

It should be noted that while the United States accused other countries of using chemical and biological weapons, its own development and use of such reagents in the armed forces could seriously undermine control over chemical and biological weapons.

From 1997 to 2006, the School of Social and International Studies at Bradford University (UK) issued a number of studies and reports and studies on non-lethal weapons, mainly chemical and biological.

The main opponent of the use of such weapons is the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. A recent report from the organization provides comments on the Chemical Weapons Convention, as well as laws governing the possible use of biochemical agents to suppress riots and riots. It also states that potential paralytic agents used as weapons may include pharmaceutical chemicals, bioregulators and toxins. But most importantly, the report contains the opinion of the British Medical Association on the use of such substances as weapons. It states that “there are no agents that could be used in a tactical situation without the risk of death for a person, and their appearance is not possible in the near future. In this situation, it is almost impossible to apply the right agent in the right dose against the right people without the risk of making mistakes both in people and in the dose. " American scientists have also convincingly proved that the so-called "non-lethal" agents are in fact lethal (the study also noted that the results of the use of such agents during a special operation in Moscow in October 2002 during the storming of "Nord-Ost" showed that 15% hostage deaths were solely due to gas exposure).

The next type of "weapon" of non-lethal action can be attributed to the infrasonic generator, which emits low-frequency sounds that lead to loss of orientation, nausea, dizziness, unreasonable fear and loss of control over the intestines. It received the name "Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD)", that is, a sound, or acoustic, gun. This device emits impulses with a frequency of 2 to 3 thousand hertz and a power of 150 decibels, which at close range can lead to hearing damage and destruction of internal organs. Such a generator gun was released in 2000 by the company American Technology Corporation and was successfully used against pirates. In Israel, the Crick system was developed - an acoustic gun that emits a directed stream of high-frequency sound. It was installed on armored personnel carriers and was used to disperse Palestinian riots.

In 2005, as a result of joint efforts Sandia National Laboratories, Raytheon, Air Force Research Laboratory and the US Department of Defense developed a new compact Active Denial System (ADS). It is based on the application of a directional beam of electromagnetic energy at 95 GHz. These millimeter radio waves are capable of penetrating small areas of the facial skin, 1 / 64th of an inch, where nerve receptors are located. When the beam hits open areas of the skin, the pain threshold sets in rather quickly, but this does not lead to burns and does not cause other side effects. As a result of tests on volunteers, such ultra-high frequency emitters were adopted by the US Army. Other microwave weapons are capable of disrupting the brain and central nervous system, causing tinnitus, loss of vision, and similar effects. As a result, a person exposed to such a radiator instinctively tries to hide, which the US military called the "Goodbye effect".