In the cold and dark depths of the oceans, the water pressure is so large that it would not be ashamed of any land animal. Despite this, creatures live here that were able to adapt to such conditions.
In the sea you can meet a variety of biotopes. In marine depths Tropical zone The water temperature reaches 1.5-5 ° C, in polar areas it can fall below zero.
A wide variety of life forms are presented under the surface at a depth, where it is possible to get sunlight provides the possibility of photosynthesis, and it means that it gives life to plants that in the sea the initial element of the trophic chain.
In the tropical seas inhabited incomparably more animals than in the Arctic waters. The deeper, the poorer becomes the species diversity, less light, colder water, and the pressure is higher. At a depth of two hundred and a thousand meters, about 1000 species of fish live, and at a depth of thousands to four thousand meters - only one hundred and fifty species.
Water belt depth from three hundred to a thousand meters, where the twilight reigns, is called mesophelagially. At a depth of more than a thousand meters, darkness comes, the excitement of water is very weak here, and the pressure reaches 1 ton of 265 kilograms per square centimeter. At such depths there are deep-water shrimps of the genus Moorobiotis, Caracatians, sharks and other fish, as well as numerous invertebrates.

Or you know that ...

The record in immersion belongs to the cartilage fish of basogas, which was seen at a depth of 7965 meters.
Most invertebrates living at great depths have a black color, and most of the deep-sea fish have brown or black. Thanks to such a protective color, they absorb the bluish - green light of deep waters.
Many deep-sea fish have a swimming bubble filled with air. And until now, researchers are incomprehensible how these animals are withstanding a huge water pressure.
The males of certain types of deep-sea rims are attached by mouth to the stomach of larger females and grow into them. As a result, a man for life remains attached to the female, feeds at its expense, they have a common even blood system. And the female, thanks to this, do not have to look for the male during spawning.
One eye of deep-water squid, who lives near the British Islands, is much larger than the second. With the help of a big eye, it is focused on the depth, and he uses the second eye when rises to the surface.

An eternal twilight reigns in the sea depths, however, many inhabitants of these biotopes are glowing in water with different colors. The glow helps them attract a partner, prey, as well as scare enemies. The glow of living organisms is called bioluminescence.
Boluminesiaition

Many species of animals inhabiting dark sea depths can radiate their own light. This phenomenon is called visible luminescence of living organisms, or bioluminescence. It causes enzyme luciferase, which is a catalyst for oxidation of substances produced as a result of the reaction light - luciferine. This is the so-called "cold light" animals can be created in two ways. The substances necessary for the bioluminescence in their body or in the body of luminous bacteria. At the European Fredicker, the bacteria emitting the light contained in the bubbles at the end of the spinal fin in front of the mouth. For glow bacteria need oxygen. When the fish does not intend to radiate light, it closes the blood vessels that lead to the place in the body where bacteria are located. Fish Scalpelus Spotted (Rigoiojernatp Rairegais) In special bags under the eyes wearing billions of bacteria, with the help of special leather folds, the fish completely or partially closes these bags, adjusting the intensity of the emitted light. To enhance the luminescence, many crustaceans, fish and squid have special lenses or a layer of cells reflecting the light. Residents of depths in different ways use bioluminescence. Deepive fish are glowing in different colors. For example, the photophors of Ribsokirok are emitted greenish, and the photophors of astronette - purple - blue.
Searches for partner
The inhabitants of the sea depths resort to various ways to attract a partner in the dark. An important role is played by light, smell and sound. In order not to lose the female, males use even special techniques. The relationship between the males and females of the representatives is interesting. It is better studied by the life of a European risk. The males of this species are usually without any problems find a big female. With the help of big eye, they notice its typical light signals. Finding a female, the male firmly attaches to it and grows to her body. From this time, it leads an attached lifestyle, even feeds through the blood circulation system of female. When the Female of the Frenor postpones caviar, the male is always ready for its fertilization. The males of other deep-sea fish, for example, gonostovich, also smaller females, smell well developed in some of them. Researchers believe that in this case the female reserves the odorless trail, which finds the male. Sometimes the males of the European Fortyrwell also find along the smell of females. In water, sounds are spread over a long distance. That is why the males of three-headed and frightened in a special way moving fins and make a sound that should attract the attention of female. Fish, they give the beeps that are transmitted as "BUU".

There is no light at such a depth, and plants do not grow here. Animals that live in sea depths can only hunt the same deepwater inhabitants or eat the palm and organic residues decomposed. Many of them, for example, hello, starfish and bivalve mollusks, feed on microorganisms that they are filtered out of the water. Caracatians usually hunt for crustaceans.
Many types of deep-sea fish eat each other or hunt for a minor prey. Fish feeding with molluscs and crustaceans must have strong teeth to crush the sinks protecting the soft bodies of their production. Many fish are located directly before the embarrassment, glows and attracts prey. By the way, if you are interested in the online store for animals. Contact.

Fish - Water Residents

Fish dwells in water, water has a significant density and move more harder in it than in the air.

What should be fish to survive in the water environment?

For fish is characteristic:

Buoyancy
Plug
Slip
Protection against infections
Orientation in the environment

Buoyancy

Verena-shaped body shape
The body is compressed from the sides, streamlined
Finnish

Flipping and slip:

Tiles-like Located Schee

Bactericidal mucus

Fish movement speed

The fastest fish - fish sailboat. . Surfaces faster than a cheetah.

Fish-sailboat speed - 109km / hour (Cheetah - 100 km / h)

Merlin - 92 km / h

Fish - Wahu- 77,6km / hour

Trout - 32 km / h Faster pike.

Marines - 19 km / h faster

Pike - 21 km / h

Karas - 13 km / h

Do you know that ...

Silver-white painting of fish and shine of scales in many ways depend on the presence in the skin of Guanin (amino acid, the product decay of proteins) coloring varies from habitat conditions, from age, from fish health.

Most fish has a silver color and the abdomen is bright, and the back is dark. Why?

Protection against predators -tema back and bright abdomen

Fish sense organs

Vision

Fish's eyes can only be seen at close range due to a spherical lens close to a flat cornea, which is an adaptation to vision in the aquatic environment. Usually the eyes of the fish "set" for vision for 1 m, but due to the reduction of smooth muscle fibers of the lens; it can delay backwards, which is achieved by visibility to a distance of 10-12 m.

2) German ichthyologists (scholars studying fish) found that the fish are well distinguished by colors, incl. and red.

Flovar ranks red, light green, blue and yellow networks. But the gray, dark-green and blue fish fish probably does not see.

Smeaning and taste

1) Fish taste bodies are in the mouth, on the lips, on the skin of the head, body, on the mustache and fins. They define, above all, the taste of water.

2) The sense of smell is paired bags in the front of the skull. It opens with nostrils. The smell of fish is 3-5 times thinner than in dogs.

The presence of vital substances of fish can be set at a distance of 20 km.Salmon catches the smell of his native river from a distance of 800 km from her mouth

Side Line

1) Along the sides of the fish passes the special organ - the side line. It serves as an equilibrium organ and for orientation in space.

Hearing

Scientist Karl Frish studied not only vision, but also rumor fish. He noticed that his blind fish for experiments had always flooded when the whistle was heard. Fish hear very well. Their ear is called internal and is inside the skull.

Norwegian scientists found that some species of fish are able to distinguish sound oscillations from 16 to 0.1 Hz. This is 1000 times greater than the sensitivity of the human ear. It is this ability that helps the fish well focus on muddy water and at high depths.

Many fish make sounds.

Scien rurst, grunt, frog. When a flock of a squire sails at a depth of 10-12m, there is a pitch

Marine Michman - hits and squabbles

Tropical cambals make sounds of harp, bell tongues

Talk how fish:

Dark crucian - chharping

Light porridge - Try-timers

Sea rooster - track track or AO-AO-Hrr-Hrr-AO-Ao-Hrr-Hrr

River Som - Hrew-Hrew-Khrew

Marine Cara - Mask-Varya

Splocks - U-U-U-U,

Cod - Chirik Chirik Chirik (quiet)

Herring - whisper quietly (TSh - TSh-TSh)

Conditions of living in various fields of freshwater, especially in the sea, impose a sharp seal on fish living in these areas.
Fish can be divided into fish, passing, semi-pass, or assistive, solonish water and freshwater fish. Already significant differences in salinity are important to distribute certain types. The same and differences in the remaining properties of water: temperature, lighting, depth, etc. Trout requires a different water than Usachi or Sazan; Lin and crucian hold in such water bodies, where the perch can not live because of too warm and muddy water; The helh requires clean fluid water with rapid focate, and the pike can hold on and in overgrown with grass. Our lakes depending on the conditions of existence in them can be distinguished as shimperial, bream, crucible, etc. Inside more or less large lakes and rivers, we can mark various zones: coastal, open water and bottom, characterized by different fish. Pisces of the same zone can enter another zone, one or another species composition prevails in each zone. Most of all rich coastal zone. The abundance of vegetation, therefore, food, makes this zone favorable for many fish; Here they feed, they dreamed acre. The distribution of fish along the zones plays a big role in fishing. For example, Lota Lota is the bottom fish, and it is caught with the bottom of the ventures, but not smooth networks, which are caught by Zherhery, etc. The majority of Sigov (Coregonus) feeds on small planktonic organisms, mainly crustaceans. Therefore, their habitat depends on the movement of plankton. In winter, they go after the last pace depth, the surface of the surface rises. In Switzerland, the biologists were indicated by places where the planktonic crustaceans are held in the winter, and here arose after this sigh fishery; On Baikal Omul (Coregonus Migratorius), we catch the networks in the winter in the depth of 400-600 m.
The distinction of the area in the sea is more dramatically expressed. The sea under the living conditions that it provides for organisms can be divided by PA three zones: 1) littoral, or coast; 2) pelagic, or open sea zone; 3) Assual, or deep. The so-called sub-zone, which constitutes the transition from the coast to the deep, detects all the signs of the latter. The border of them is the depth of 360 m. The coastal zone begins from the coast and extends to the vertical plane that limits the region deeper than 350 m. The area of \u200b\u200bthe open sea will be the duck from this plane and upstairs from another plane lying horizontally at a depth of 350 m deep zone will be at the bottom From this latter (Fig. 186).

For any life, the light is of great importance. Since the water skips the rays of the Sun is weak, then in the water at a well-known depth, the conditions of existence are created, unfavorable for life. The power of lighting is distinguished, as indicated above, three light zones: Euifedic, dysfotic and afotic.
The shores are closely mixed freely floating and bottom forms. Here is the cradle of marine animals, there are awkward inhabitants of the bottom and prompt swimmers of the open sea. Thus, on the coast, we will meet a rather diversified mixture of types. But the living conditions in the open sea and at depths are very different, and the types of animals, in particular, fish, in these zones are very similar to each other. All animals who live in the day of the sea, we call one name: benthos. This includes climbing but the bottom lying on the bottom, the ones (moving benthos) and seating (seated benthos: corals, acti, tubular worms, etc.).
TE organisms that can freely swim, we call Bekton. The third group of organisms, devoid or almost deprived of the ability to move actively, clinging for algae or helplessly carrying in the wind or flows, is called Planktol. Among the fish we have forms related to all three groups of organisms.
Nastagic figs - necton and plankton. Organisms living in water, regardless of the bottom, not related to it are called nonlagic. This group includes organisms both living on the surface of the sea and in deeper layers of it; Organisms, actively floating (necton), and the organisms wearable with wind and currents (plankton). Deep living pelagic animals are the name of batinelgic.
The living conditions in the open sea are characterized primarily by the fact that there is no surf here, and the animals do not need to produce fixtures for hold on the bottom. There is no place to hide a predator here, waiting for prey, the last one has nowhere to hide from predators. And those and others should rely mainly on their own speed. Most of the open sea fish are therefore excellent swimmers. This is first; Secondly, the color of sea water, blue and in passing and in the falling light affects the color of pelagic organisms in general and fish in particular.
Netone fish fixtures are different. We can distinguish several types of nectant fish.
In all these types, the ability to quickly swimming is achieved in various ways.
Type spindle-shaped, or torpedo-shaped. Motion authority - the tail of the body. An example of this type can serve: SCOMBER CORNUBICA, Mackerel (Scomber Scomber), salmon (Clupea Harengus), Cod (Gadus Morrhua).
Type Lentalized. The movements occur with the help of snake-shaped movements of compressed from the sides, long lintel-like body. Mostly - the inhabitants of fairly large depths. Example: Seld King, or Fish Belt (Regalecus Banksii).
Type shut-down. The body is elongated, shedding, strong unpaired fins are related and arranged in the form of a boom of boom, constituting one whole with a tail fin. Example: Sargan Ordinary (Belone Belone).
Type of sailing. Row stretched, unpaired fins and a general view like the previous one, the front dorsal fin is greatly increased and can serve as a sail. Example: Sailboat (Histiophorus Gladius, Fig. 187). A sword-fish belongs here (Xiphias Gladius).

Fish is essentially your animal, actively floating, therefore there are no real plankton forms among yi. Mi can distinguish the following types of fish approaching plankton.
Job type. The active movements are weakened, performed with the help of fast bends of the body or - the abnormal movements of the spinal and anal fins. Example: Pelagic Needle Fish (Syngnathus Pelagicus) Sargassov Sea.
Type sampled-symmetrical. The body is high. The dorsal and the anal fins are located against each other, high. Abdominal fins are mostly not. Movements are very limited. Example: Moland Fish (Mola Mola). This fish does not have a tail fin.
It does not produce active movements, musculatura is largely atrophied.
Type balllike. Body spherical. The body may have some fish thanks to the swallowing of the air. Example: ENGLE-FISH (Diodon) or deep-water melanotocet (melanocetus) (Fig. 188).

Among adult fish there are no real plankton forms. Ho they meet among plankton eggs and fish larvae leading a plankton lifestyle. The body's ability to stay on the water depends on a number of reasons. First of all, the proportion of water is important. The body holds on the water, according to the Archimedian law, if its proportion is not more than the specific weight of the water. If the specific weight is greater, the body is sinking at a speed proportional to the difference in the specific gravity. The immersion rate does not always be the same. (Minor grain grains are drowning slower than large stones of the same specific gravity.)
This phenomenon depends on the one hand, on the so-called water viscosity, or, internal friction, on the other, from what is called superficial friction of tel. The greater the surface of any object in comparison with its volume, the surface resistance is greater, and it sinks slower. Small specific weight and high water viscosity counteracts immersion. Excellent examples of such a change represent, as you know, wearlized wraps and radolaria. In the eggs and the larvae of fish, we see the same phenomenon.
Pelagic eggs mostly crayons. Eggs of many pelagic fish are equipped with filamentous growths that interfere with them to dive, for example, eggs of machels (SCOMBRESOX) (Fig. 189). The larvae of some fish, leading the pelagic lifestyle, have a device to hold on the surface of water in the form of long threads, outgrowths, etc. These are pelagic larvae of the deep-sea fish trachypterus. In addition, the epithelium of these larvae is changed very peculiar: the cells are almost deprived of the protoplasm and stretching to huge sizes with liquid, which, of course, reducing the proportion, also contributes to the retention of larvae on the water.

Another condition affects the ability of organisms to hold onto water: osmotic pressure, depending on temperature and salinity. With a large salt of salts in the cell, the latter absorbs water, and, although it becomes harder, its proportion decreases. Once in more salty water, the cell, on the contrary, decreased in volume will become more severe. Pelagic eggs of many fish contain up to 90% water. Chemical analysis showed that in the eggs of many fish the amount of water decreases with the development of the larva. As it is dedicated with water, developing larvae is lowered deeper and finally sit down on the bottom. The transparency and lightness of the cod larvae (Gadus) are determined by the presence of an extensive subcutaneous space filled with water liquid and pulling from the head and the yolk bag to the rear end of the body. The same extensive space is available at the eel larva (ANGUILLA) between the skin and muscles. All these devices undoubtedly reduce weight and impede immersion. Ho and with a large specific weighing the body will hold onto the water if it represents sufficient surface resistance. This is achieved as it is said, increasing the volume and change in the form.
Deposits of fat and oil in the body, serving the food margin, at the same time reduce its proportion. Eggs and young fish detect this device, pelagic eggs do not stick to objects, they float freely; Many of them conclude a large fatty drop on the surface of the yolk. These are the eggs of many gracious fish: ordinary miner (Brosmius Brosme), often falling on Murman; Molva Molva, which is caught there her; These are the eggs of mackerels (Scomber Scomber) and other fish.
Any kind of air bubbles serve the same goal - to reduce the specific gravity. This refers here, of course, the swimming bubble.
Absolutely in different types, eggs are built, immersed - demomal, developing at the bottom. They are larger, harder, dark, while pelagic eggs are transparent. Their shell is often sticky, so such eggs stick to stones, algae and other subjects or each other. Some fish, like Sargana (Belone Belon), eggs are also equipped with numerous filamentous increases that are serviced to attach to algae and to each other. Eggs are attached to the stones and rocks at the Koryushka (Osmerus Eperlanus) with the help of a nape-in-haired egg, which is separated, but not completely, from the inner membrane. Large eggs sharks and rods stick. The eggs of some fish, such as salmon (Salmo Salar), are large, separate and do not stick to anything.
Dock fish, or benthos fish. Fish living at the bottom of the proximity of the coast, as well as pelagic, represent several types of adaptation to the conditions of their lives. The main conditions of them are as follows: firstly, the constant danger to be discharging or in a storm ashore. From here there is a need to work out the ability to hold onto the bottom. Secondly, the danger to be broken about the stones; Hence the need to purchase armor. Fish living on the orstive day and digging in it, produce various devices: one for digging and for movement in Ilu, and others - for catching prey, tearing in il. In some fish, there are devices to hide among algae and corals growing among the shores and at the bottom, others - for breaking in the sand during the low tide.
We distinguish the following types of bottom fish.
Type bleached Dorzozhenral. The body is compressed from the dorsal side to the abdominal. Eyes moved to the top side. Fish can closely cuddle to the bottom. Example: Skates (Raja, Trygon et al.), And from bony fish - Marine Chort (Lophius Piscatorius).
Type of long snuff. The body is strongly elongated, the highest part of the body - behind the head, gradually becomes thinner and ends with a pointedness. The apol and the dorsal fins form a long faded flump. Type is common among deep-sea fish. Example: Long-level (MacruRus Norvegicus) (Fig. 190).
Type compressed-amymmetric. The body is compressed from the sides, bordered with long spinal and anal fins. Eyes on one side of the body. In my youth, they have the body sampled-symmetrical. There is no swimming bubble, hold on the bottom. This features a family of Cambal (Pleuronectidae). Example: Turbo (Rhombus Maximus).

Type faithful. The body is very long, snake-shaped; Paired fins are stuffed or missing. Fish bottom. Movement on the bottom created the same form, which among the reptiles we see in the snake. Examples can serve an eel (Anguilla Anguilla), Midhoga (Petromyzon Fluviatilis).
Type asteropform. The front half of the body is enclosed in a bone armor, minimizing active movements to a minimum. The body in the cut triangular. Example: Body (Ostraction Cornutus).
Special conditions are dominated by a large depths: huge pressure, absolute lack of light, bezing temperature (up to 2 °), complete calm and lack of movements in water (except for the very slow motion of the entire mass of water from the Arctic seas to the equator), lack of plants. These conditions impose a sharp press of PA organization of fish, creating a special character of the deep fauna. The muscular system is developed with them weakly, the bone is soft. Eyes are reduced sometimes to complete disappearance. For those deep fish, in which their eyes are saved, the retina in the absence of mobs and the position of the pigment is similar to the eye of night animals. Further, deep fish are distinguished by a large head and a thin torso, thinning towards the end (longhower type), a large stretchable stomach and very large mouth teeth (Fig. 191).

Deep fish can be separated on benthic and batipelagic fish. The depths of the depths include representatives of the skaters (COM. Turpedinidae), Cambal (Sem. Pleuronectidae), manual (semed. Pediculati), armor (Cataphracti), long-haired (sem. Macruridae), Cod (Sea. Zoarcidae), Cod (Sez. Zoarcidae) Gadidae) et al. Ho and among batipelagic, and among coastal fish there are representatives of these families. To carry out a sharp distinct border between the deep forms and the coastal is not always easy. Many forms are found here and there. Also, the depth on which batipelagic forms come across, varying in wide limits. Batipelagic fish should mention luminous anchovs (scopelidae).
Donate fish feed on medites and their remnants; It does not require strength costs, and bottom fish usually keep in large flocks. On the contrary, the baaptic fish find out their food with difficulty and hold it one separately.
Most of the fishing fish belongs to or to the littoral, or to the pelagic fauna. Some Cod (Gadidae), Kefalovy (Mugilidae), Cambals (Pleuronectidae) belong to the coastal zone; Tuns (Thynnus), mackerels (Scombridae) and the main fishing fish - herring (clupeidae) - belong to the fauna pelagic.
Of course, not all fish belong certainly to one of the specified types. Many fish only come close to one or another. The pronounced type of structure is the result of adaptation to a certain, strictly withdrawable conditions for habitat and movement. And such conditions are not always well expressed. On the other hand, in order to work out one or another type, you need a long time. Fish, recently changed his habitat, can lose partially former adaptive type, but not yet to develop a new one.
In fresh water, there is no one variety of living conditions, which is observed in the sea, however, among freshwater fish there are several types. For example, Leuciscus Leuciscus (Leuciscus Leuciscus), preferring to keep a pair of more or less strong flow, has the type approaching the spindle-shaped. On the contrary, relating to the same family of carp (Cyprinidac) bream (Abramis BRAMA) or Carassius (Carassius Carassius) - small fish, living among aquatic plants, roots and under the operators, have a body clumsily compressed from the sides, like rhyphic fish. Pike (ESOX Lucius), rapidly thrown to prey a predator, resembles a sweep-shaped type of nectant fish; Living in the Type and Ile, reptile at the bottom of the Vull (Misgurnus Fossilis) has a more or less angry form. Constantly reptiles on the bottom (Acipenser Ruthenus) resembles the type of long-standing. Fish fitness to life in water manifests itself, first of all, in the streamlined body shape, creating the smallest resistance when driving. This contributes to the cover from scales covered with mucus. The tail fin as a movement and breast organ, abdominal fins provide excellent fish maneuverability. The side line allows you to confidently navigate even in muddy water, not bumping on obstacles. With good propagation of sound in aquatic environment, the absence of external hearing organs is connected. Fish vision allows them to see not only what is in water, but also notice the threat to the shore. The smell allows you to detect production at large distances (for example, sharks).

Respiratory organs, gills, provide an oxygen body under conditions of low oxygen content (compared to air). The swimming bubble plays the role of a hydrostatic organ, allowing to maintain the density of the body of the fish at different depths.

Outdoor fertilization, except for shark. Some fish have fatigress.

Artificial breeding is used to restore the livestock of passing fish on rivers with hydroelectric power plants, primarily in the lower reaches of the Volga. Producers going to spawning are caught by the dam, grow fry in closed water bodies and produced in the Volga.

Also bred in the commodity goals of carp. Tolstolobik (depressing single-celled algae) and white Amur (feeding underwater and surface vegetation) allow you to obtain products with minimal feeding costs.

Deep-sea fish are considered one of the most amazing creatures on the planet. Their uniqueness is primarily due to the harsh conditions of existence. That is why the depths of the world ocean, and especially deep-water depressions and gutters, are not populated at all.

and their adaptations to the conditions of existence

As mentioned, the depths of the oceans are not so thick, as, say the upper layers of water. And it has its own reasons. The fact is that with depth change the conditions of existence, and, it means, the organisms should have some devices.

Life in the dark. With a depth, the amount of light sharply decreases. It is believed that the maximum distance that the solar beam passes is 1000 meters. Below this level, no trace of light is detected. Therefore, deep-sea fish are adapted to life in a complete darkness. Some species of fish do not have functioning eyes at all. The eyes of other representatives, on the contrary, are very developed, which makes it possible to capture even the weakest light waves. Another interesting device is luminescent organs that can glow using chemical reaction energy. Such light not only facilitates movement, but also licks potential prey.
High pressure. Another feature of deep-water existence. That is why the internal pressure in such fish is much higher than that of their shallow relatives.
Low temperature. With depth, the water temperature is significantly reduced, so the fish are adapted to life in such an environment.
Lack of food. Since the variety of species and the number of organisms with depth decreases, then food, accordingly, remains very little. Therefore, deep-sea fish have super-sensitive hearing and touch bodies. This gives them the opportunity to detect potential prey at a high distance, which in some cases is measured by kilometers. By the way, such a device allows you to quickly disappear from a larger predator.

You can see that fish living in the depths of the ocean are truly unique organisms. In fact, the huge area of \u200b\u200bthe World Ocean is still unexplored. That is why the exact number of types of deep-water fish is unknown.

A variety of fish living in aquatic depths

Although modern scientists are known only to a small part of the depths of the population, there are information about some of the very exotic inhabitants of the ocean.

Batizaurus - The most deep-water predators fish living at a depth of 600 to 3,500 m. They live on the territory of tropical and subtropical aquatic water. This fish has almost transparent skin, large, well-developed sensory organs, and its mouth cavity is littered with sharp teeth (even the tissues of the sky and the tongue). Representatives of this species are hermaphrodites.

Fish-Gadyuk. - Another unique representative of underwater depths. She dwells at a depth of 2800 meters. It is these species that the depth is the main feature of the animal - these are huge fangs, which something resemble poisonous teeth of snakes. This species is adapted to existence without constant nutrition - the stomach of fish so stretch that they can entirely swallow the living being much larger than themselves. And on the tail in fish there is a specific luminous organ with which they lure production.

Angler - Pretty unpleasant creature with huge jaws, small body and poorly developed muscles. It lives on because this fish cannot actively hunt, she developed special devices. It has a special glowing organ that distinguishes certain chemicals. Potential mining reacts to light, swims, after which the predator swallows it completely.

In fact, the depths are much more, but there are not so many about their lifestyle. The fact is that most of them can exist only under certain conditions, in particular, at high pressure. Therefore, it is not possible to extract and explore them - when climbing into the upper layers of water, they simply die.