Shedding of window openings in a wooden house. How is it done in a log house. Shedding for windows - photo report on self-assembly and installation

Diy okosyachka - types of casing and drawings

Hi Hi! I read in the news that the opening of a museum of ancient architecture is planned in our city.

The administration has allocated very little money for this, so they call on private investors and those who simply want to help in the arrangement of wooden houses.

I decided to answer the call and offer my services for installing windows. In such structures, it is important not to forget to install a window.

Everything about what constitutes a do-it-yourself box, views and drawings, you can see in this post. Read on.

Okosyachka is such a protective structure around window and door openings in a wooden house.

To understand why you need windowing of windows, let's understand a little about the processes that begin in a log or log house immediately after construction.

Do-it-yourself okosyachka views and drawings

Since a wooden house is built from living wood (recently felled), it has a high humidity. And the log house built from it gradually begins to dry. The logs give off moisture and shrink a little in size.

Scientifically, this process is called shrinkage. When shrinking, the height of the house decreases to 10 cm. This lasts for several years.

But even then, when the weather changes, the tree can play (swell in the rain, then shrink dry).

It turns out that the dimensions of door and window openings in a wooden house are constantly changing, their geometry also "plays". And a properly installed window will keep the windows intact and allow the house to sit down normally.

A window in a wooden house is an indispensable element when installing windows and doors. Reasons for installing a box:

Save windows and doors
Letting the house sit down, which means keeping warm

Drawings help to understand what benefits a bobblehead brings. Firstly, due to the curly shape of the profile, the cage performs a windproof function, and secondly, it helps to keep the walls level (As a window for doorways, the so-called power window is recommended, with a thickness of 90 mm.).

The box in the embedded block is also called T-shaped because of the characteristic shape of the profile. Another popular form is the U-shaped, when a spike carved into the wall plays the role of a mortgage bar. According to the purpose, manufacturers distinguish the following types - roughing, finishing, power and euro-boarding.

A rough cut is usually used in cases where a finish is offered for openings. For example, the installation of plastic slopes, a window sill. Finishing and Euro-fence are used in cases where future finishing is not expected.

What do you need to know before starting work?

If you plan to make a jamb on your own, you will need a wooden beam of suitable thickness and width, a soft tape insulation, and a little knowledge. It is better to take dry wood for making a jig.

Of the tools - a chainsaw, a level, a stapler, and preferably a milling cutter for cutting a quarter. It will be correct to first watch the videos with instructions and thoroughly understand how to install a do-it-yourself box:

The material for the manufacture of a jig is easy to find in construction markets and supermarkets. In the simplest case, a 40 mm thick edged board is suitable for you. If you combine it with a 50x50 mm bar, you get a classic window.

Note!

Plastic windows are also installed with a window.

To correctly make the casing (okosyachku), you must first make an even opening, then cut out a spike or groove, insulate it. Then form a profile from a bar (board) and cut the casing into parts needed. And finally, fix the window sill, risers and top.

The installation of plastic windows in a wooden house also has its own characteristics. You cannot put them as in a stone house - on the metal plates included in the kit. Of course, you can do this, but in the end you will completely ruin the appearance of the windows.

Having mastered the correct technology for making a window, you can not only save money, but also get warm, non-blown windows and doors that can be easily opened in any weather. I won't even talk about the pleasure I got from a job well done.

Helpful advice!

Plan the sizes and types of openings in the walls of your home in advance. This will help you decide which box you need. If you are still in doubt, find someone who is engaged in the manufacture of casing, and seek professional advice.

It must also be said that the jar is relevant only for wooden houses made of timber or logs (chopped).

In general, where there is wall shrinkage. If you have a frame house or, in general, a stone house, then you do not need any window.

The installation of this structure is mandatory when installing window frames and door panels.

Since wooden buildings, in contrast to brick ones, shrink significantly over time.

The use of these boxes will help protect windows and doors from severe damage resulting from the impact on them of the weight of the house.

But the high-quality performance of the obligations assigned to them directly depends on the correct implementation of their installation, as well as the choice of the method of its implementation.

source: http://srubidomov.ru

Types of manufacture and installation

Consider, for do-it-yourself, views and drawings of a jig, which can be used in a wooden house. There are two main types of fabrication and installation of this protective box:

1. Design with details in the shape of the letter "P".

This design has four main elements: upper and lower elements, in which grooves are either cut out at the edges, or corners are cut off, as well as sidewalls, in which long grooves are cut along the plane.

Such a box is fixed on protruding spikes that are cut on the sides of the opening. This installation method is considered classic, and is quite capable of coping with the responsibilities assigned to it.

2. Design with T-shaped parts.

This design also has only four main elements: upper and lower with methods of attachment to the sidewalls similar to the previous version.

And also the sidewalls themselves, which are equipped with spikes running along their plane. Such a box is fixed in the cut grooves that are made on the sides of the opening.

This method of installation began to be used not so long ago, it is somewhat more complicated in terms of implementation, but more reliable and better copes with the distribution of the load from the shrinkage of the walls.

The views and drawings of the jar, considered for do-it-yourself execution, showed that fasteners are not used in the construction of this structure.

Fastening takes place only through the use of a tongue-and-groove system. All discrepancies between the joints, cracks and gaps are filled with a soft insulation.

In a frozen state, it becomes too rigid, in addition, it adheres firmly to surfaces, which is why the assembled box is too rigidly fixed to the opening and loses its functional properties.

Build process

After considering for do-it-yourself assembly of the views and drawings of the window, you can proceed to the study of the process of its assembly. Let's take a closer look at the classic version of its arrangement:

We cut out an opening in the wall 25 cm more in width and height than the dimensions of the future window.
Please note that when cutting the sides, it must first be cut 5 cm less from each side (this is the allowance for cutting the future tenon).
Excess wood is cut from the allowance from the sides, only the middle part of the sidewall with a width of 5-7 cm remains.
We take four beams with dimensions of approximately 10x25 cm. Their length should correspond to the dimensions of the future frame with an increase in their width. The wider part will be across the wall.
Cut out support pads at the edges of two elements (upper and lower) (cut off half the thickness of the board).
At the edges of two more elements we make the same cuts, along their back side, grooves are cut, the width of which is equal to the width of the previously made spikes on the sides of the opening.
Along the outer edge of each part, a cut is made of material 2 cm thick and 6 cm over the plane. This platform is called a “quarter” and it is intended for installing a frame on it.
The lower part of the opening is lined with linen and one of the parts without grooves is superimposed on top of it.
Further, the sides of the opening with spikes are lined with the same material and the side supports are installed on this layer.
The sides must be propped up so that they are well fixed, as the installation of the top element is a little difficult. The part is inserted into place and gradually hammered with its edges into the support pads on the sidewalls.
There is a very noticeable gap (about 5 cm) between the top part and the top of the opening. It is carefully clogged with linen or other insulation. The hard-hitting spectacle of the clogged slot with platbands closes.
The package is installed in squares, which formed the quarters of all four parts. The fasteners are carried out with self-tapping screws, but be sure to make sure that they do not enter the adjacent groove.

The decoration of the doorway is not much different from the same work, but carried out on the opening for the window. It is more difficult to make such a casing option, only because of the significantly increased dimensions of the opening itself and of the details.

It is advisable to thoroughly treat the surfaces with antiseptic agents after the end of all work.

source: http://papamaster.su

Installation of casing in a wooden house

A special wooden box, popularly and among specialists, both "okosyachka" and "shedding", consisting of a sidewall, a top, as well as a window sill or threshold.

DIY okosyachka - drawing

It is installed in the openings of wooden structures, intended for doors and windows, in order to preserve both windows and doors in the process of inevitable shrinkage of wooden structures in their integrity.

This is a feature of the architecture technology, in which a house, a bathhouse, another building for residential or economic purposes is protected from the possibility of displacement of the logs in a horizontal position, and the shrinkage of the window "box" itself will not affect the stability and shape of the window.

Okosyachka and siege

Refusal in the construction process from the window openings is fraught with disruption of the normal functioning of the windows. Because it protects the window frames and glass in them from the effects of shrinkage of the logs and guarantees the normal functioning of the windows and the integrity of the frames.

Okosyachka in a wooden house: several features

The width of the casing constituent elements can be up to 26 cm. However, it can be larger, but, in this case, this may lead to the appearance of cracks along the entire length of the structure. Typically, a window box is made from wood with a moisture content of 10 to 12 percent.

If the moisture content of the wood is less, internal cracks are possible in it. Extreme care is required in the manufacture of casing doors, especially metal ones.

Siege of wooden and plastic windows

There are two types of them. Simple, which is notable for the presence of pre-cut grooves in the edge logs - for the perfect entry of one side of the casing.

This type is used exclusively when installing simple wooden windows. Because the plastic profile cannot be fixed in this way, there is another type of casing for plastic windows.

Its essence is as follows: a comb is cut out at the ends of the logs, and then a carriage with a groove will be put on it. When shrinking, the comb will squeeze into the groove of the carriage without any problems, and the window itself will not suffer in any way.

Window openings

It is made separately for each of the openings of the log house. As in a log building, the installation does without screws, nails, and other extraneous elements. But for maximum sealing of the room, laying insulation between the log and the frame, on the contrary, is required.

For centuries, a casing manufacturing technology has been developed in Russia, which guarantees both high sound and heat insulation properties of doors and windows, and a long service life of openings. When it is made competently, it will last up to a hundred years.

Note!

Even when the frame shrank after two years of inactivity, even then one cannot do without casing. Because it, guaranteeing the preservation of the original shape of the opening, makes the wall itself much more stable.

But, in addition to this, it can be given the function of the external decoration of the building as an important element of it. At present, a whole casing manufacturing industry has been established, so it will not be difficult to choose the shape and color of the casing suitable for the exterior of the structure.

Siege: prices, cost

Manufacturing costs can vary greatly: the prices and cost of which depend on many factors, in every wooden structure the part is not just necessary, but simply irreplaceable!

What do the prices and cost of casing depend on?

From the quality of the wood, the type of casing, the shape of the casing, the presence of decorative elements, the size of the opening, as well as from where the part will be installed - in a bar, log or frame.

And, of course, quantitative indicators affect the final price of the order: how many pieces or how many meters.

The window frame is made of dry material with a moisture content of 8-12%. It consists of a top, risers, an adhesive window sill or a window sill in cases of installing a plastic window sill.

Several types of work:

Array: all parts are manufactured using solid wood processing, maintaining the correct wood texture.

Sticky: details of such a casing are made from a type-glue board. Glued into a microthorn on all four sides. In this case, knots and resin pockets are cut out completely.

Combined is the most common type of casing. The top and risers are made of solid pine. And the window sill is made of a set-glued board. All of it has a final appearance and after installation it needs to be treated with a paint and varnish coating.

It can be made as with a sample for a window - this option is used in cases where the house will not be finished with external and internal finishes, the walls of a bar or rounded logs remain intact.

And without sampling - this option is used in cases where the house is planned in the future for interior and exterior decoration. This version of the window can be fine and rough (if it closes completely during future finishing).

The okosyachka can be either a standard shape - a rectangle or non-standard shapes. Trapeziums, polygons, balcony blocks.

Helpful advice!

Non-standard forms have their drawbacks, but there are ways to avoid them. Such information is discussed with the measurer at the facility.

source: http://svoya-izba.ru

More about the process

After window openings are cut in a wooden house, the structure of the log house no longer has the same rigidity as if the log house were solid. To begin with, we will answer the question, what is a window opening, or, as it is also called, a cage (wooden frame).

The fact is that a wooden house after construction undergoes shrinkage for a long time, much longer than brick or panel buildings. This may well lead to deformation of windows or doors.

After window openings are cut in a wooden house, the structure of the log house no longer has the same rigidity as if the log house were solid. This is especially true of the window opening itself. In the process of shrinkage, the logs can be significantly displaced horizontally, which will also lead to deformation of the windows.

All these unpleasant moments are hindered by a small window (enclosure, wooden frame), which looks like a wooden box. From all of the above, it can be seen that the installation of a window in a wooden house is a harsh necessity. This is true not only for a log house, but also for a log house.

Plus, the window serves as a decorative element for windows and doors. A window in a wooden house without a window looks rather shabby, this is especially noticeable from the outside.

The installation process for a box is quite simple. Having the necessary tools and materials at hand, you can install the window with your own hands.

It is assumed that the window opening has already been cut. Now you need to use a chainsaw to select a spike (comb) on the sides of the opening. This is done so that the window does not move perpendicular to the axis of the walls.

Then, according to the dimensions obtained, a jar is made. Accordingly, in its side racks, you need to choose grooves for the comb.

All elements of the box are attached with pins. The installation of the jig begins with the lower bar. A layer of linen or jute is preliminarily laid under it.

Then vertical bars are installed, in the grooves of which linen or jute is also laid. And in the last turn, the upper bar is installed. The shrinkage gap, which must be left over the window, is closed with linen.

A frame created from a bar or planks to strengthen the window and door base of the opening is called a jamb or casing. The fact is that wood is a fickle material, houses from it can "play", that is, shrink or swell at high humidity.

A window frame in a wooden house is needed so that the frames do not move during shrinkage. Basically, the casing is an additional frame that is not attached directly to the wall. Due to this, a slight adjustment of the opening is possible if the wall is led to the side.

For all its simplicity, the installation of such a design is indeed effective.

Types and features of a squash

Upsetting in a wooden house can be of one of three types, depending on the material and manufacturing method:

glue. The structure is created from set-glued boards, carefully processed from knots and inaccuracies in the structure of the tree. Behaves well at high compression deformations;
solid wood... For such a window, a bar or a regular board is used. It looks the most attractive while maintaining the overall texture of the wood;
combined... During the manufacture, elements of solid wood and adhesive parts are used.

Window frames are selected depending on what kind of work will be carried out during finishing.

For rough work, glue or combined types are quite suitable. They will be invisible during the next fine finishing of the house with siding or other materials.

Consider the following points before starting casing assembly and installing a window or door structure.

The installation of the window is carried out until the house is completely insulated. The blocks are installed taking into account the carriages, "sliding" along the casing guides.

The material from which the door or window is made (metal, plastic, glass, etc.) is taken into account. For custom-made windows or doors, the dimensions are calculated only after the casing is fully installed.

Installation methods

It is possible to install a jamb in a wooden house using different technologies.

The first is the use of a T-joint. It is called spike technology. In the side walls, grooves of vertical elements are cut out, which are inserted into the window openings together with a heater. In the upper and lower parts there are boards that are attached with self-tapping screws to the posts of the jig.

Upsetting in a foundation block. The structure is assembled from edged boards and beams. A vertical opening is made in the side walls for a square-shaped bar, then installed in the groove. The next step is to create a box, which is attached first to the bar, then to the bottom of the frame. Fiber insulation is placed between the gaps.

U-shaped, another name - "in the deck". The easiest method for assembling a jig. Thorns are cut in the logs of the wall of the building, grooves in the box. During installation, the elements are connected, insulation is added to the spikes. The structure is fixed with self-tapping screws to the posts of the jig.

Clean. A similar method to the technology of the embedded block, but here the block is rectangular. Thus, part of it extends beyond the window and serves as a support for the window frame.

Do-it-yourself installation of a window

Before installing a structure, you need to know what it consists of. Regardless of materials and manufacturing techniques, the jig has three main parts:

top performer. It is necessary to keep the side parts in an upright position, while providing a gap for insulation;
threshold. Lower horizontal side of the structure. It has the same function as that of the top, while in the window opening it is a window sill, and in the doorway it is a threshold. Most of the load is projected onto it, therefore its strength is very important;
gun carriages. Side vertical elements provide connection to the house and the ability to adjust for shrinkage.

Having understood all the design features of the casing, you can start installing it in the opening.

An opening is made at a distance of 80 cm from the floor. Depending on the type of connection, a groove or a spike is cut out in the wall. Wooden elements are treated with protective antiseptic agents. With the help of thermal insulation, the space between the wall and the window is closed up.

Features of installing a box for PVC windows in a wooden house

It should be understood that the installation of casing for wooden windows is different from PVC windows. When installing plastic windows, a more complex option for installing the casing will be required.

A construction is assembled from a solid log with cut grooves for the ridge. A comb is cut into the wall to connect. The size of the ridge and groove is made so that when the house shrinks, the frame easily slides along the guides.

Important! Plastic windows in a wooden house cannot be inserted without a window. It will protect the frame from excessive stress and deformation.

The execution of work on the installation of a jig begins with the fact that two guide cutouts measuring 5 x 5 cm are made in the wall of the window opening.The work can be done with a chainsaw or a regular chisel.

In specially prepared grooves, it inserts a bar of the same size as the guides, with a pre-attached seal. Linen should be placed between the wall and the timber so that part of it faces the wall.

The board is flush with self-tapping screws on the embedded block. If the jamb is installed using the monolith thorn technology, the T-shaped part is inserted into the groove and fixed. The carriages should not fit back to back; it is necessary to leave at least 3 cm to the edge of the wall timber. Such a gap is necessary when calculating the shrinkage of the house.

The vertex is laid on the vertical elements and pressed so that the groove enters the guides. The left gap is filled with insulation, from the outside it is closed with a windproof membrane.

Installation of casing of an adjacent opening of a window with a balcony door

If the house is supposed to exit to the balcony, combined with a window, some subtleties should be taken into account when installing such a structure.

With this device of the opening, it is impossible to make a common casing, they should be separated by a T-shaped sidewall. The combined sidewall of the door will have a U-shape, which will allow the overall structure to slide parallel to each other without deforming the opening.

The gap left above the window opening should be smaller and more above the door. After final shrinkage, the gaps will be the same.

Installing casing for doorways

The process of installing a door in a log house or a bar is carried out after the completion of construction. Installation does not take place immediately, at least 6 months must pass. During this time, the house will shrink slightly.

Most often, the installation of a window for a door is carried out using the groove-thorn technology. First, using a router, a 50 x 50 groove is made in the end of the opening. A bar with a section of the same size is installed in it. It is important to take into account the size of the bar, if the house is newly built, then its length should be 5 cm less.

To increase the reliability of the casing, it is necessary to add a 50 mm wide board to the bar; you can use a metal channel. After the vertical bars are fixed, a threshold from the bar is attached below. When installing the casing for the door, the size of the opening is taken into account. It needs to be 15 cm higher so that a 150 x 50 board can be placed on top of the cutout.

In order to prevent the penetration of cold, thermal insulation of the gaps is carried out. To do this, you can use tow or assembly wool.

Installing a doorway window in a wooden house is an important event. It is necessary not only to observe the technology, but also to choose the right material.

The main quality of a board for making a structure is the ability to maintain strength for a long time. Best suited for this purpose is a board of category "A", made of wood species with high performance characteristics (oak, hornbeam, larch).

Unfortunately, this is an expensive material. To find a worthy replacement, they began to use glued laminated timber. It has a high level of reliability and performs well as a base material for casing production.

For a solid structure, the thickness of the log should not be less than 50 mm. In this case, it is important to use high-quality insulation in the form of flax or jute.

To maintain reliability, wood must be treated with antiseptics. This will protect the structure from decay and delamination.

How to determine the cost of a casing

When there is an opportunity to save the family budget and not lose on quality, it is worth taking advantage of it. To do this, you need to understand what the cost of a box is made up of. The price is influenced by:

opening size. Accordingly, the larger it is, the more difficult the installation work and the higher the cost of purchasing the required amount of materials;
house wall thickness... The width of the parts of the window and the window sill depends on the size of the width of the log, and therefore its cost;
material for making... A box made of solid wood is more reliable, but also more expensive compared to other materials.

It can be concluded that assembling and installing a window with your own hands is an easy task. It is necessary to carefully select the material, focusing on the methods of further finishing the house, and also carefully consider the observance of technologies when installing the box, taking into account the design features of the house.

The openings are cut out in order to install windows and doors in the future. The size of the opening must correspond to the dimensions of the future structure. The openings must be strengthened, since they that are not reinforced by anything can move relative to the axis of the foundation. The walls in the openings will bend outward or inward of the wooden house. In order to still fix the walls, construction work involves the installation of a casing (casing). The base will help to avoid natural distortions during drying and deformation of the wood.

Cutting price: from 260 rubles per running meter

In order to calculate the price of the casing of the opening of a window or door, you can use the price-list in the section price of a window, for this you only need to know the width C and the thickness D of the window. In this section, you can independently calculate the price of your cut. Mounting price of a window: 900 rubles per running meter... Delivery from the production warehouse: 50 rubles for 1 km... We carry out delivery by our own transport. The shipping cost includes loading and delivery on board the vehicle.

Okosyachka is of two types: U-shaped and T-shaped.

Before installing the casing, the opening must be carefully prepared - cut out a ridge or groove and treat it with an antiseptic. You can buy casing (okosyachka) of both types from us. We produce glued casing, during operation it can withstand heavy loads, is not subject to change under the influence of various factors, and after installation, it is immediately ready for painting. Our craftsmen carry out all types of work on the preparation of a wooden house from a bar for the installation of the casing and make its installation. The cost of a box is made up of the size and type of material from which it will be made. The approximate production time for the casing is 10 - 15 days, depending on the volume of the order. All work on the manufacture and installation of the casing is carried out by highly qualified craftsmen. We guarantee quality work done on time. Do not neglect the installation of a real high-quality casing of windows and doors. Now there are ways to do without casing, for example, a regular board with a foundation block. However, there is no guarantee that this will not further entail deformation of the tree or installed doors and windows, including plastic ones. It is better to initially perform all work on the construction of a house with high quality, so that later you do not waste time and money on correcting problems that have arisen during the operation.

Combined type

When erecting a wooden house (from a bar, a cylindrical log, a log type), be sure to take into account the moment of the correct approach to the manufacture of casing in a wooden house. To design this element, it is necessary to take into account all possible nuances and standard requirements for technology. This procedure is mandatory for absolutely all such timber structures.

Rough shedding in a wooden house to the cranial bar, which is mounted in the cut (groove), located in the window opening. Thanks to this sliding type design, the casing fasteners do not break off during the building shrinkage process. As a standard for all procedures with window and door openings, during their installation and the manufacture of beams for a window, height measurements are important. The window of doorways in a wooden house should take into account a difference of up to 7%, depending on the moisture content of the wood.

When the structure shrinks, the insulation with which the upper gap is lined shrinks without damaging the door and window openings. Carefulness in the measurement of parameters will allow the correct installation of all window installations. The cage is also convenient in that it plays the role of window sills, since it completely hides from prying eyes all the ends of the timber (logs) of the building, regardless of whether they are horizontal or vertical. There is no need to change the platbands several times, since they are attached to the casing from both sides - from the inside and outside.

Thanks to competent installation, door and window openings acquire an aesthetically beautiful, correct and attractive appearance. Blocks of windows and doors are installed regardless of the moment when the wooden building shrinks, because the opening is prepared and ready for use.

Rough shedding or in the embedded block

The installation of a jig in a wooden house can be carried out by the method of using a sliding bar, which is one of the most used and popular. The principle of this process is simple: a hole of a certain diameter (50 by 50 mm) is made in the window opening, which is permissible only on both sides of the window opening. A special bar is inserted into the grooves made, the location of which must be clearly calculated, because it will be necessary to allocate space for the installation of thermal insulation.

If you add the size of the gap for the installation of insulation, the overall dimensions of the bar should be about 30 mm. On the inside of the window frame, it is important to correctly lay the required insulation layer and mount the block. The side posts are attached to the built-in timber using self-tapping screws (possibly nails). There is an important nuance - the fasteners should not be placed in the wall, only in the bar.

Do-it-yourself sowing in a wooden house is quite often done using a special spike, which is mounted like a mortgage bar. The only difference is that you do not have to make grooves for a spike on the sides of the window, only one comb is cut out. Its parameters must correspond to 30 mm. Cutting a hole (50 by 50 mm) is carried out in the lateral parts of the casing, at the end of which this groove is carefully spread from all sides with a material - insulation. Glued casing - especially popular among developers. This type implies a further complex of finishing works, which is simply necessary at the end of the pasture of the building.

This option for mounting a casing in a wooden house is sometimes called a U-shaped window. A spike is installed in the opening or correctly, the end is profiled and a device that looks like a roof is placed on this structure. Beams from the frame (lower and upper) are mounted in the spacer. Their manufacture is carried out exclusively in accordance with the parameters and requirements of a particular structural element and house. These can be balcony openings, a door or a beam.

Upon completion of this type of installation, the finishing of the used area is not made in the future. This method has its pros and cons:

An excellent stiffness coefficient applies to all possible directions of the frame;
If it is necessary to install doors or PVC, the previously carried out manipulations will not interfere in any way.

Quite an expensive procedure, due to the high cost of the materials used - the parameters of the width of the bar for the manufacture of racks (vertical);
This process covers a large amount of work carried out - the frame is made for a long time, since it contains figured elements).

When building houses made of wood, the method of glued casing of this type is very often used, which is much cheaper.

There is no need to decorate a door or window frame. From the very beginning, a finishing shedding in a wooden house will have a fairly presentable appearance, which harmoniously fits into the overall picture of the building. For this, the timber or logs are firmly glued, which ensures resistance to sudden changes in temperature conditions, without leading to damage to the structure as a whole. The installation is similar to the installation of a rough casing.

In fact, this is an analogue of a finishing window, which does not differ in structural elements (threshold, window sill, riser, etc.), fasteners are not used during installation (nails, screws are not useful) and are simply attached to each other with locks. This option is most often used when installing door frames.

This design is considered one of the most complex, therefore it is used as needed. Windows in houses, openings in baths require a simple installation mechanism, and power windows are not involved. Most often, their scope is arched-type gates and openings, huge panoramic balconies and windows. A feature of this method is the use of a scheme for strengthening door or window openings. This procedure is carried out for all types of windows, the structure can be mounted in two standard ways: a tenon and a groove.

Combined type

In this process, two types of building materials are involved, hence the corresponding name. The base is made of two types of wood; upon completion of the work, additional finishing will not be required, because this option is final. The main advantages are the harmonious ratio of cost and quality of the material.

This type of casing is decorative and labor intensive. The casing shape is non-standard, it is important to accurately measure the required parameters so as not to make mistakes in measurements. For a house made of wood, a similar structure can be made from one bar that has undergone the necessary preparation - steam treatment at a certain high temperature. This is done to increase the pliability of the wood fibers. In most cases, it is better to consult a specialist to produce an arched window.

Window window - what tools are needed

To carry out the process of mounting a window in a wooden house, a small arsenal of tools is used, which is selected depending on the type of wood with which you have to work. Usually, the array is slightly dried, cut down. Staples can be used for fastening, metal corners to give the frame strength. Rough casing involves the use of fasteners (nails, screws).

Since, for the construction of a wooden house, not only wooden window frames are used, but also metal-plastic windows, it is necessary to remember some of the installation features. It is necessary to make an opening inside the log house with the calculation of 10 cm more than the width of the window. First, the casing is installed in a wooden house, and then individual double-glazed windows are ordered. It is done as follows:

drive out the casing according to the parameters of the window opening;
cut can be of 2 types - groove or thorn;
be sure to treat the surface with an antiseptic;
spread a layer of sealant. It can be batting or linen, which is laid on a roll;
the installation of the lateral sides of the casing, the so-called carriage, is carried out. The process is carried out without the use of fasteners;
the upper part (top) must be attached to the device on the sides;
the parameters of the upper clearance of the window should correspond to no more than 12 cm;
a layer of insulation is laid, most often it is a fiber of mineral wool;
obligatory waterproofing, protection from steam;
the plastic window is mounted and the gaps are filled with polyurethane foam.

What is a siege in a wooden house - the question is solved. It is important to consider how this procedure is performed for home from a bar. The material must correspond to the parameters of 150 by 100 mm, the width is completely repelled by the thickness of the walls of the building. Installation, assembly is not much different from similar procedures in a house made of wood, but there are certain features.

The lower part should rest against the wall, the upper part secures the side elements. Ossyachka can be of any of the above types. T-shaped structures are manufactured as standard with a spike, and the groove is cut to fit the parameters in the surface itself. Finishing casing is widely used, which does not provide for further finishing and is mounted under the cladding. The first option can be made of decorative wood, sanded or glued.

Summing up, it can be emphasized that the answer to the question "What is a jamb in a wooden house?" does not carry a terrible connotation, everything is quite simple for professionals and builders who do not have much experience in this area. If the procedure is performed correctly from start to finish, the house will be soundproofed, with good protection against heat loss in the cold season, and will prevent the process of possible deformation of glass units and door structures during the shrinkage of the building.

Video on the topic of siege in a wooden house

2 types of casing boxes

3 little boxes in a wooden house

A wooden house or a bathhouse changes in size all the time - it "sits down" a little, then it rises again. Therefore, simply taking and rigidly fixing windows and doors in the openings will not work: either the frames will bend or the walls will "hang" - they will not be able to sit down when they dry out. To prevent this from happening, a wooden casing (casing or window) is installed in the opening, which is held only due to the friction force. It is already possible to attach a window or door frame to the elements of this box.

First, let's take a look at the casing profiles. Frictional fixation is provided by an elementary tongue-and-groove lock. In one case, a spike is made on the logs / beam of the opening, in the other, a groove is cut out.

If you have a wooden bathhouse - a frame made of logs or beams, then the technology for installing windows and doors will be exactly the same as in the house. There is no difference. So everything described also applies to the bath.

Monolithic casing

The mating part is often made from a single piece of wood. They are also called monolithic or finishing. Depending on whether the groove is cut or a thorn, the mating part is made P or T-shaped. Please note that when installing windows or doors, the fasteners should not go into the timber / log of the wall. To ensure proper reliability, the frames are fixed in the "thickest" parts of the casing.

The casing box is made from a bar in which a groove is selected or a spike is cut out. Accordingly, the profiles of the casing / casing are P or T-shaped

Casing material - monolithic or glued timber. The use of laminated veneer lumber in saunas is not encouraged: when using non-moisture resistant glue (and this usually happens), the glue collapses from constant changes in humidity, the timber crumbles. Therefore, it is better to use a monolithic timber of the required size. Just note that the timber must be dry - no more than 12% moisture. Wet will crack or drive. Order a timber of the required chamber drying size at the sawmill, or dry it yourself in the shade in a draft within 4-6 months.

This type of casing is called monolithic or capital casing. It is already possible to attach a window or door frame to it. If the windows / doors are plastic, the "face" of the casing can be left flat. If you plan to install wooden products, choose a quarter for them.

Which of these two casing / casing is considered the best? Done correctly, both perform their tasks normally. Everyone chooses what is easier for him to do.

How to make a thorn on the opening

There are two options - first cut a thorn in the doorway, then make a casing block under it. The second option is to mark the spike along the finished groove. In any case, the markings are applied first.

The width and depth of the tenon should be 4-5 mm less than the dimensions of the groove. The casing is "planted" on a heater, so a place is required on it. The width is marked at the end of the logs / timber, the depth is marked on the side surface of the walls. When marking, it is important to maintain the verticality of the lines.

Next, they take a circular or chain saw, and cuts are made according to the marks applied. At the same time, it is important to maintain the required cutting depth on the lateral surfaces and not cut off the spike at all. If you do not know how to use a chain saw, it is better to use a circular saw - it will not be possible to cut very deeply there.

For an example of the formation of a spike, see the video.

We make a groove in the opening

It is safer to make a groove: even if you have made too deep cuts, you can not remove the entire core, in extreme cases, you will make a spike on the jamb.

Everything is simpler here: mark the width of the groove on the butt end. In this case, it is 4-5 mm larger than the groove in the casing / casing. Make two cuts, and remove the middle between them. There are virtuosos who do this with a chainsaw, but mostly work with an ax, then earn extra money with a chisel.

Casing manufacturing

The casing box consists of two sidewalls (side racks), the top - the top board and the window sill or threshold (also called the bottom). I must say that the lower part is not always present: it is often not made in interior doors. In some cases (when installing PVC windows, for example), it is not a window sill that is made, but simply a lower mortgage board, to which a "regular" window sill is then attached.

Also note that the tip does not rest against the top edge of a window or doorway. A gap of 5-7 cm remains between them - for the shrinkage of the log house. This gap is then filled with insulation and closed with platbands, finishing materials.

Most of the questions arise when forming the locks necessary for joining the casing parts. These elements are especially difficult when sampling a quarter is required. It is difficult to explain in words, here are the drawings. Consider them, you can understand what for what. But the final understanding will come in the process: when you put the bottom and attach the side racks. They are outlined with a pencil, then gradually cut out. In this process, it is important not to cut off the excess - it will not work to grow and there will be ugly cracks.

Before installing the casing, the window / doorway is treated with an antiseptic. Then two layers of insulation are laid. The construction is "put on" on it. The procedure for assembling the casing on the windows is as follows:

The lower part is installed.
Put two sidewalls, check the accuracy of the coincidence of the locks. Tap well on the sides.
Place the top. Often he "does not climb" - the racks are closer than necessary. Don't grab the saw right away. Take the spacers of the length that the opening should be, and with their help bring the window to the required dimensions. First, put it obliquely, then, knocking it out, align it. The sidewalls crush the insulation and take the required position. After that, the top climber falls into place.

Rough shedding or in the embedded block

One of the varieties of a jamb, when a groove is cut out in the opening, is in a mortgage bar. It differs from the monolith in that it consists of two parts - the actual foundation block, which is inserted into the spike, and a separate casing plate. The casing board is attached to the mortgage beam, and the door frame can already be attached to it (it can also be attached directly to the mortgage).

Please note that the foundation block and the spike under it do a little more than in the monolith. This is necessary for the fastening to be more reliable. When fastening windows / doors, the fasteners must be chosen so that they do not go into the wall.

Of course, this option is much easier to implement. But they don't like him very much: its reliability is still much lower than that of the monolith. But it is quite possible to use it - for light doors and for any windows. Another possible application is as a temporary option only for the time of shrinkage after the openings have been cut down and the frame has been left to dry. If the openings are not secured, the walls can twist. In this case, the embedded block is an excellent solution.

A groove is cut / cut out into which the timber is driven. He no longer holds on to anything - no nails, screws

Photo report on the production of a finishing cut

The work was carried out in a log house that had settled for a year. We used a purchased kiln-dried timber and the remnants of the construction profiled, which dried together with the house for a year. The cage is monolithic U-shaped. The spike width is approximately 45 mm. This distance remains if you make a cut with a circular saw on both sides of the wall. In order not to modify it later with a chain saw, it was decided to make the spike wider. Its height is 35 mm. A spike under the bottom / window sill is 1 cm high. Its task is to prevent a draft.

We start by preparing the openings. First, with a circular saw, cuts are made in the side planes of the walls. There were no problems with vertical cutting, and when cutting horizontally, the saw tried to go up and down all the time. Be careful in this part.

Then we take the chain saw and modify the spike. This is the most responsible and delicate job. We make the first pass from top to bottom. Its depth is only 1-2 cm. All subsequent ones are from bottom to top, gradually increasing the depth. In order not to mess up, we used a step-by-step algorithm: first, they made a cut with a circular saw, stepping back from the cut, cut 0.5-1 centimeters with a chain saw, and brought them to the desired depth with a grinder and a plane. Long, but reliable.

The opening is ready. We start manufacturing the casing. The first is to make the lower 0-window sill. We make a groove in it with a depth of 10 * 45 mm. Also, do not forget about the ledges: the window sill should "go" to the wall.

Now we make the sidewalls. They are from a bar 200 * 100 mm. It was fitted to the size and sanded. The groove was molded using a router. It could have been done with a circular saw - it would have been faster, but less accurate.

After the circular saw, a quarter is made - its size is 70-30 mm.

Next, you need to cut out the locks. On the sidewalls, those that go to the bottom are simple. All you need is to cut off 20-40 mm from three sides. If, like mine, there is a quarter, then on this side we cut out less by the depth of a quarter, i.e. cut out 10 mm (40 mm - 30 mm = 10 mm). So the thorn is ready.

Next, put it on the bottom, outline the outline with a pencil, delete all unnecessary. The castle is ready. Putting everything in place, we see pretty decent cracks. Now the task is to bring them to a minimum by gradual adjustment. The main thing here is not to cut off the excess, since it is impossible to build up. Therefore, little by little we grind and try on, grind and try on.

When the bottom locks are ready and fit, the sidewalls can be trimmed. They should not reach the top of the opening by 6 cm. So we cut it off with this calculation.

We do the top itself in the same way as the side racks, then we cut out a quarter in it. You will have to tinker with the lock. There are two conditions:

The distance at the top should be the same as at the bottom. We adjust all spike sizes based on this postulate.
Then we also outline it, but the shape is much more complicated here. It is advisable to cut it out so that there are no through joints, so that it is not possible for air to freely enter from the street.

Therefore, we make stepped cuts.

When the mold is ready, the sanding fit begins again. We work gradually, unhurriedly. When the proper result is achieved, we disassemble the box, grind it, round off the edges. In general, we bring beauty.

After sanding, we cover all parts (including openings) with antiseptics. After drying, the casing elements can be painted in the desired color. In any case, you can go through the paint once.

While everything is drying, we put a jute tape in the opening. There is no tape for the entire width of the casing; it was laid in two parts with an overlap in the area of the spike. Apply a layer of sealant on top of the insulation.

First, the bottom was laid (it was never possible to put it on the jute - it rips off during installation, but the voids were filled later). The sides sat down, but with difficulty. But the upper part did not fit at all.

We take a spacer, first we put it obliquely, then with a hammer - more horizontally. The sides are moving a little. As a result of these manipulations, the upper part also sat in place.

After installing the strut "sat down" and the upper part of the casing

So that it does not budge, we install wedges. They are taken out after the installation of window or door blocks. Here's what happened as a result.