Protect the harvest from bad weather, and people are from diseases and dark forces.

Alder It is found in the forest and forest-steppe zones of Russia and Western Siberia on the shores of the lakes, rivers and swamps.

Olhi names

Olhi has many names that came from the people: Wilha, Eloha, Lieshinik, Oleshnik. The name of Alnus is the Latin name of Alder Black, which occurred from Celtic words al (when) and Lan (shore). It has met the Roman writers of Pliny, vet.

Where is Olha grow?

Alder Prefers rich, wet soils, but can occur in dry or clay. Sometimes grows in a real bog, where a person is not capable of passing.

Olha's habitat conditions can change vitality: trees or shrubs. In the middle lane of Russia, two types are most widely found: Olha Seraia and Olha Black (sticky).

Olha Black is listed in the Red Books of Russia, Kazakhstan and Moldova. Here it prefers reservoirs, raw nizenas.

Often by the eyes of people, Alder always remains invisible. In the spring of her foliage rapidly darkens, and in the fall, when all trees put on bright outfits, remains unchanged. At the time of the leavefall, the leaf of alder only smokefully curly and imperceptibly falls to the ground.

But in the winter, Olhu, it is not difficult to find out on small branches on the branches and in the snow.

Tarol Olhi Mostly slim, covered with smooth bark. Trees are growing rapidly, reaching a height of more than 20 meters.

Alder gray is a leaf fall tree or a large shrub with a rounded silver-gray crown. The trunk is curved, with a gray bark. Sheets with inside gray, sharp at the end. Single-sex flowers. Female sit in sinuses of inflorescences, turning into a small bump to autumn. Alder adhesive is a grayish-brown bark, and the foliage sticky and shiny, on top - dark green, bottom - dim.

When is Olha flowers?

Flowering alder Depends on the type and latitude of growth.

Most trees bloom in early spring, in April-May. Before or during the dissolution of the leaves on Olkom, long seelings bloom.

Medical properties

Cones alder They have anti-inflammatory, binding and disinfecting properties that have long been used in folk medicine. The volatile phytoncides of the bark and the leaves of alder are destructive on some types of simplest.

The use of alder in medicine has a century. In the herbals, the days of the Middle Ages often encounter the outer applications of the branch of the leaf of alder at gout, fungal diseases.

Cones alder Apply in the form of a decoction or infusion under colitis, dysentery, cold, gastric and intestinal bleeding. Also alder is an affordable tool in veterinary medicine.

A decoction of coys of alder has hemostatic and binding properties. It is used in burns, bleeding gums, bleeding from the nose, skin inflammation, as well as with duodenal ulcers or stomach.

Broth leaf alder - Power remedy during colds. In addition, from the beam leaves you can make special legs for legs, helping to remove fatigue.

Olhi wood It does not have high strength, but has a soft and uniform structure, so it's easy to work with it. Thanks to such properties, Olha found its application in many industries. When drying wood does not crack, musical instruments make it from it. Due to the viscosity and softness of alder - cut out sculptures, panels and carved dishes. Olha has a beautiful red shade of wood, so it is widely used in the design of furniture and joinery.

Alder. Contraindications

Elm is an exclusively male tree, the tree of the true mental qualities of the real man. It is men in the full sense of this word, he prefers, supports all their undertakings, but the losers do not like. Only to the one who struggles to the end does not "rushing", he gives strength. Sometimes one good contact with Elm can suffice for many years.

Elm comes from the genus Ilmov (it was called in the north-west, in the Novgorod land, which is indicated by Ilmen-Lake located there).

The ancient Greeks Elm was the personification of sadness, he allegedly autumn the entrance to the underground kingdom of Aida. The same attitude towards him was in ancient Rome. But in the elder Edde, this plant had a completely different symbolism: "He began to grow to the joy of friends Elm noble, joy light."

Also, with deep antiquity, Elm was revered as a healing plant and contacted the Great Mother and the Goddess of Earth. Irish considered him the housing of the Fairy Farius.

In the Middle Ages, the knights did a spear from Elm not only because of the strength of the wood. It was believed that Vyazy spears instill a courage to the warrior and bring good luck in the battle. In Magic, Elm introduces stability and support in the spell.

With its protective actions of Elm, in some way, it looks like a beech, but the difference lies in his ability to achieve monolith of energy not so much due to their seal, cementing, as due to binding. This ability, by the way, was reflected in the very name of the tree: "Elm" - "knit, associate."

Elm, planted in the courtyard, would like to be bought, gossip the flows, creating a protective network of them. But it is important to remember that it connects only those that already exist. Therefore, it is desirable that in the yard there are still some trees that can attract positive from the space, for example, such as alder or oak. That is, in this regard, Elm is not quite an independent tree, but in the "co-authorship" it will create reliable "protection against negative vibrations and negative energies.

Alder

Olhi-resin, non-rotated wood was made of piles, which were traditionally used throughout Europe to lay the bases under the building on the topping areas. On Olkhov Piles, the foundations of Venice and Rotterdam, the Winchester Cathedral and Water Mills on the Islands of Scotland. Also is also associated with the production of swords, the gunsmiths appreciated its wood for the best coal for metal melting. Like teis, alder - the tree "bleeding", and chopped it considered blasphemy, able to bring the fire to the dwelling of the one who quit her. Probably, due to the practical use of it, Olkh is understood in esoteric tradition as a bridge, connecting the lower, underground kingdom with the above-ground kingdom of air.

In the Irish and British MiFology of Olha as a sacred tree personifies the deified King of Bran. The legend reports that all the prophecies came true, which spoke to the broken head of Brana, while she was carried through the whole country, and therefore, Olhu is associated with protection, the ability to foresee the future and prunes.

Alder - wood, patronage family; The more in the family of children and grandchildren, the stronger Olha supports her members. It strengthens related ties, all members of the family, it is typical of it to combine people in the genus. If you come to Alder with the problems of related relationship, it willingly help you find a solution. This tree for women is the custodians of the hearth, the "Big House" tree. Olha will help you to "bind" a husband to the house.

Juniper

Juniper is a shrub that has a strong cleansing property. Its strength is mainly directed not to people, but on the surrounding their subjects. If you burn in the apartment of it, you can get rid of adverse effects.

A man juniper can help remove the evil eye or damage, get rid of the action of the attitude.

In whatever country does not grow juniper, he is considered a protective plant everywhere. His branches, needles and essential oil are extensively used in the household. Thus, the residents of the Volga region burn the juniper in the house - to drive the evil eye and damage, induced to the dwelling and his owners. And Eastern Slavs believe that burning juniper branches has a "cleansing" action: a strong spicy fragrance relaxes and soothes.

Thus, American Indians and residents of Southern Siberia were fond of "enucleation". It was not only a sacred, but magical character. The fact is that with "every day" (fumuring in other words), the room or other economic buildings (sheds, stables) are cleaned from the angry noncontiginity and energy.

The balsamic smell "prevents" a lightning strike and expels all the undead. Juniper not only favorably affects, it also helps to find good luck and confidence in his career and love:

1) Ukrainians wear young shoots with them as the guard from the evil eye. Juniper root - "One hundred percent" mascot for good luck.

2) It takes away this plant with various factual acts, although it rarely used in the magic itself. To save a person from an evil statement - take the berries and roots, burn them and smoke the remnants of the patient 3-9 times from left to right.

3) In our time, a decoction of juniper is used as the first, indispensable agent for diseases, rheumatism and water.

4) In Russian folk medicine, the horses of juniper enjoy miraculous glory! Southern Slavs used the seeds of this plant in a fresh form against stomach disorders, made powders against asthma. Infusions - contribute to the purification of blood and effectively remove choleretrol.

5) Juniper branches oil increases the elasticity of the skin, stimulates the growth of hair bulbs, plus it struggles with dandruff. However, the healing properties of this shrub are not inferior to the magic properties.

In Rome and in Greece, Juniper was not only a means of diseases and severe diseases. There is a known fact that the branches of this plant were a certain personification and eternal life. No wonder, noble nobles even then accompanied the last way with young juniper sprigs. Buried in sarcophagas made of durable wood of this shrub.

In Transcarpathia, wearing fresh seeds of juniper - to protect the bite of snakes and viper. God loves trinity. The presence of 3 seeds in the hitch - is considered sacred. Therefore, juniper wears "Protective, all guarding" character (God is always with you)

If you sanctify the twigs of juniper in the church and put them on the icon - the misfortune will pass your home. To clear the man's aura, which had an impact, is enough to grasp the palms with etheric oil of this plant.

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Trees in magic. Elm, Alder and Juniper

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This is a continuation of the cycle of articles on the symbolism of trees. About the aspen, ash and oak read here, about Ivu, apple tree, hawthorn and tees here. Elm Elm is an exclusively male tree, the tree of the true mental qualities of a real man. It is men in the full sense of this word, he prefers, supports all their undertakings, but the losers do not like. Only to the one who fights ...

The fact that trees can favorably influence our body and the mood is known since ancient times. There is even a direction dendrotherapy- treatment with trees of various breeds. In the ancient Egyptians, wooden amulets were spread, which were worn on her neck and protected their owners from misfortune. According to Indian yogis, trees, as it were, absorb prana coming from space, and then fueled by it. Different species of trees have various energy properties: fueled with energy, relieve inflammation, contribute to the emergence of mutual feelings, protect. No wonder at all times, people gained strength from oak, "bad" energies were given to ate, "good" energy was dug from pine. The effects of wood bioenergy can be strong enough. Even a small piece of wood of this or that type is beneficial on the human body, improves his well-being.
Celtic priests gave a special meaning of the Mystery of Tree. It was believed that each person corresponds to a certain species of wood. If you correctly establish such a correspondence, you can adjust the fate of a person, effectively carry out his healing. Exists horoscope Druidovwhere trees correspond to calendar periods:

In addition, there is a correspondence of the energies of the trees by the planets of the solar system, and accordingly the signs of the zodiac:

Here are the magical and bioenergic properties of some trees and shrubs:

Apricotit is a tree - a donor with feeding energy. Protects from infidelity and unnecessary stress in loving relationships.

Acacia- Tree donor with powerful feeding energy. Acacia - tree, nascent life. It is for her asking for the birth of a child.

Bamboo Controls outbreaks of aggression in humans, affects the meaningfulness of actions, the sequence of actions and events in the life of people.

Birch -Ged tree. Symbol of fertility. It helps to improve vision, normalizes the water balance and has a beneficial effect on the lymphatic system, activates the work of the kidneys. Constant communication with it eliminates the feeling of anxiety, fears and nightmares. This tree relieves fatigue, neutralizes the negative effects of everyday stresses, contributes to the restoration of spiritual harmony. Birch is considered a solar pure tree that brings happiness, light, joy in any home.

Hawthorn It has a powerful protective effect. Removes anxiety that improves appetite and blood circulation. The hawthorn is considered a symbol of hope and marriage. A hawthorn is especially useful in protective and love magic.

Elder . In the easter, our ancestors believed, a large magical force was concluded, and, of different character. It has active protective properties. Buzin has a soothing effect.

Beech -Simal knowledge. Helps expand the horizons, learning from others. It will help you to show greater tolerance towards others, giving them to live their lives. Increases stress resistance and ability to concentrate, and also improves blood circulation.

Cherry - This is the mascot of magical meetings, contacts, romantic adventures.

Elm - A tree for people actors, but overlooking only their strength. Elm teaches its owner to find like-minded people who will be happy to help him in all endeavors and lead to victory. Wraps from rash actions that envious and ill-wishers can be inclined.

Hornbeamit has the ability to dispel illusion. This tree perfectly suits people who are strongly extinguished at work or at home. Grab contributes to a real look at the world around the world and your abilities. Grab will help you coordinate your actions, understand the illusion of ideas about the future of some plans. Gives strength in everyday life, helps to part with ridiculous ideas, prejudices and fantasies. Grab is beneficial to the dreamers and romantics, which lack the strength and desire to act.

Pear - Mascot of luck, Fortune's favor, providing many pleasant and useful features. Adds the owner of the charming, the ability to like even those who do not suffer very well.

Oak - Sign of hardness, power, male strength. It is an anti-stress agent, which, in addition, activates blood circulation, normalizes blood pressure and reduces the period of recovery during the disease. Oak is distinguished among other plants-generators of positive energy. Oak - treats the liver, urinary system, helps to eliminate congestive phenomena in many organs. Removes toothpow. Communication with him is more shown to men than women.

Spruce- Like oak, sacred tree, as a symbol of longevity and health. Its impact is shown in edema and pain syndromes, nervous disorders and depression.

Jasmine- Whether from sudden, unexpected bad meetings, incidents and dating. Explorer in love affairs, bringing success from the opposite sex.

Willow . This tree has a huge magical force. This is rather a female tree. Slavic girls used WITH as a guide. This is a symbol of weakness, tenderness, girlish grace, calm, need for constancy and compound. Removes melancholy and sadness.

Fig - Wubble from incorrect solutions and incorrect, unreliable information. Teaches care, analysis, the ability to drain facts, to make the right conclusions. Insures from rash statements, makes pay attention to the form of its manifestation.

Elm- Returns the meaning of life and restores the strength. Moments happen when the purpose of our life loses all its charm, the reality seems meaningless, and the dream is unattainable. Karagach will help cope with such a problem. He has the ability to return strength and confidence. Karagach will weaken the upcoming depression.

Chestnuttreats rheumatic diseases and insomnia, relieves nervous tension and, as an ancient wisdom claims, even drives fears. Normalizes cardiovascular activity, has the ability to strengthen the general immunity of the body and the nervous system.

Cedar It has a beneficial effect on any person and, in particular, on people exposed to nervous disorders, stress and insomnia, as well as on people suffering from violations of the activities of the cardiovascular system and respiratory organs. Cedar lives five hundred fifty years, accumulating the bright energy of the space and at the right moment gives her man.

Cypress- Mainly a male tree, affects the sexual power of men, in sexual activity and not only increases the potency in healthy men, but heals the weak. Kiparis does not perceive the female organism, but makes a harmony and novelty through a man in a family relationship.

Maple Fencing from sharpness, removes stress, helps to find the points of contact with other people. Gives forces, peace, equilibrium, frees from boiling passions. Fencing the owner from unfair attacks, unnecessary claims of others. In addition, it can very actively correct the bad character of the owner, if, of course, he believes that it possesses such.

Buckthorn Symbolizes humility, purity and impairment. Protects against negative energy. In magic, used to remove spells and conspiracies.

Leschina (hazel) Watch out from the rapidness of actions and actions, teaches insight, the subtleties of perception. Helps get rid of superfluous authoritarianism. Promotes rapid restoration of forces.

Lindenremoves stress, does not allow anyone to spend energy and protects against non-crushed intrusions. In addition, it will help with inflammation of the organs of a small pelvic and stomach disorders.

Larch. It is called a soothing tree, and even more precisely - a tree of enlightenment of reason. If you persistently do not leave fears, doubts, unfortunate concern - relief will bring contact with larch, which will help you understand the true nature of human actions, especially people close to you. It fills man with optimism. Eliminates melancholy and depression. Larch is a good anti-inflammatory tree. It is recommended to people with diseases of the respiratory tract: such as bronchitis, asthma, etc. helps with female diseases.

Olive It is a guard from stress, overvoltages, incorrect actions, as well as from inability to quickly and clearly adopt the desired solution. It helps to achieve harmony with himself and satisfying their own destiny.

Juniper It has a strong cleansing potential. But his strength is mainly directed not to people, but on the items around us. It can clean the unfavorable aura in the apartment, perfectly acts on the "unkind" things, even on jewelry. A man Juniper can also help with the removal of the evil eye or damage, helps to get rid of the action.

Alder. Especially well helps how to protect women, making them elegant, charming. It strengthens related ties, all members of the family, it is typical of it to combine people in the genus. This tree for women is the custodians of the hearth, the "Big House" tree. Olha will help you to "bind" a husband to the house.

Nut- Victory tree over external circumstances. Helps the rapid restoration of forces. Provides many faithful associates. Makes a person persistent in the most unforeseen situations.

Aspen - Tree absorbing negative energy. It has the ability to remove different pain (head, dental, radiculitis, osteochondrosis) and cure various tumors. Clean your aura from harmful influences. Communication with aspen helps with nervous states, obsessive thoughts, unreasonable fear. But should not be too diligent using its healing properties. Ospen has both powerful vampire abilities, sucking energy with long contacts.

Fir Eliminates the depressed mood, helps to calmly relive the "black strip" of life, increases endurance and vital activity. It has a healing effect on respiratory organs, increases immunity, strengthens visual acuity, increases blood pressure under hypotension.

Rowan Protects from the evil eye and damage, evil will. It is believed that Rowan is aggravated by perception and develops the gift of foresight. Effectively cleanses the body from slags and toxins. For people of freight and nervous people can be a soft donor feeding energy. Contact with Ryabina is able to wake a sexuality dormant in a woman. For Ryabina a favorite female age about 40 years old. It gives such women in love especially warm autumn, full strength.

Samsit - The tree is unusual. Strict and strong, wise and impustful at the same time. Sugit is used to make protective faces from evil forces. It protects sleep and protects from energy vampirism.

Plum - It is a wonderful charm of accidents, from assassination assference. He teaches its owner not to dwell on situations that disturbed him vanity and do not treat aggressively to those who wish them good, but elects for this emotional form of influence, forcing reacting and mind, and emotions.

Pine Soothes, relieves mental tension. Beneficially affects the heart and respiratory organs, normalizes the composition of the blood, gives cheerfulness. Excellent assistant for those who want to lose weight. Pine is able to clear the aura of a person from an outsider exposure, partially remove the damage. In the old days it was believed that the smell of pine helps to get rid of guilt.

Shipovnik Responsible for the emotional side of love. He introduces tenderness, mental passion, unity of shower. If you often lose defeat, he will help you.

Apple tree - Women's strength, female sexuality, awakens in a woman sensual side of nature. She is more willing to share her forces with young girls. Under the influence of the energy of the apple tree, the girl can imagine the image of the perfect man suitable for her, and in a dream to see the narrowed. The effect of the apple tree is very necessary for young, inexperienced and insecure girls. Apple tree is a tree with a powerful feeding energy.

Ash It helps to achieve the crystal clarity of consciousness and make the right decision in a difficult situation. The ash personifies the connection of the fact that at the top, with the fact that below, that is, the connection of the world of gods and the world of people or the world of spiritual and the world material. It helps to understand our destination, sometimes his energy awakens the ability to clairvoyance, allows you to know the future, but helps only those who are sincere in their desire for knowledge. Ash - help to find inspiration.

Norivtsov Egor

The purpose of research work is to study the features of the ecology of alder as a bright representative of the living world of the earth Smolensk. Alder - a small, unbroken plant. However, for its unique biological and environmental features, this tree may be a living symbol of not only Smolencins, but also Russia. According to the results of the work, the emblem "Alder - Live Symbol of Smolencins" was framed.

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municipal budgetary educational institution

"Yartsevskaya Secondary School №1"

Yartsevsky district of the Smolensk region

Alder -

live symbol of Smolensk region

Smolensk region

yartsevo City

2016 year

		p.
	Introduction
	MAIN PART
	Ecology Olhi
	The role of alder in a person's life
2.1.	Alder and oral folk creativity
2.2.	Alder as fuel
2.3.	Alder as building material
2.4.	Alder as an amicing material
2.5.	Alder is a pioneer plant
2.6.	Alder and soil
2.7.	Alder - animal feed
2.8.	Medicinal properties of alder
2.9.	Alder as a natural dye
2.10.	Geographical objects
	Research
3.1.	Study of the species diversity of alder in the Yartsevsky district
3.2.	The modern spread of alder in the Yartsevsky district
3.3.	Studies of soil fertility
3.4.	Study of Olkhov Firewood
	Conclusion
	List of resources

Introduction

Smolensk Earth! Amazing space of Central Russia! Smolensk region resembling heart shape is located almost in the center of the East European Plain, in the western part of the Russian Federation (Appendix 1, Map 1, 2). The geographical location of the region is largely peculiar and even unique, located in moderate latitudes, in the zone of noticeable influence of air masses from the Atlantic, it occupies a watershed of three large rivers - Volga, Dnipro and Western Dvina. These features of the physico-geographical situation determine the main features of the nature of the region: moderately continental climate; The predominance of hills and small rivers; development of an arms-beam system; widespread forests; Large-hearted turf-podzolic soils.

In such conditions, a rich and diverse vegetation cover was formed on the territory of Smolensk region, presented 1,100 species of wild and cultivated plants. Once the territory of the Smolensk land was 95% coated with mixed spruce-wide forests, from which only 42.2% of modern territory remained as a result of intensive cutting. Now the shallow forests are dominated. A small percentage occupy meadows (flamespaces covered with long-term herbal vegetation) and swamps.

An animal world in the territory of the Smolensk region is represented by 70 kinds of mammals, among which rodents prevail, predators, manochable, 270 species of birds, 45 species of fish.

And every living organism contributes to the development of the nature of our area. But how to choose the most important, significant living organism for smolencins from such a variety?

Bereza is the most common and one of the most beautiful. And nettle is distinguished by astounding medicinal abilities, and the fabric was made of the fibers of this plant, durable rings were witnessed. Lyon is a blue symbol of Smolensk region, which "dressed" the century of the population of our territory. The atrocious falcon is not only a bird predator, but also a wonderful companion of any hunter in Russia. Parquance (roeland, moose, boars, etc.) - it is meat for feeding Smolyanin, and skins for clothing and shoes, and horns for a divemic material.

You can talk about any object of wildlife of the Smolensk region for a long time, leading interesting, striking facts, highlighting a special role in the life of a person, the wildlife of our region.

However, my head and I stopped at a simple and unobtiable, at first glance, woody plant - alder (Appendix 2, photo 1)!

Objective: To study the features of the ecology of alder as a bright representative of the living world of the Smolenskaya.

Tasks:

Examine scientific sources of information.
Explore the species diversity of this plant.
Determine the distribution areas of woody.
Get acquainted with the directions of using alder to the local population.
In practice, to study the features of Olhi wood.
Get acquainted with the geographical objects of the Smolensk region associated with Olkhoy.

The object of the study is Olha.

The subject of research is the ecological features of alder.

Hypothesis: For a long time, alder is one of the revered and demanded plants on Smolensk region.

Methods:

Theoretical - study of theoretical material, analysis of information sources.
Empirical - laboratory observations.
Mathematical - statistics of the collected material.
Experimental - setting experience.

To conduct research, even if such small, as the study of the plant facility, for me a new direction in training activities. In general, the ability to identify the problem, choose a scientific material for solving it, to build an algorithm of its actions - this ability is relevant, as it allows to apply the foundations of critical thinking in training activities and in everyday life.

Implementation date: February-May 2016.

Nature takes care of everything

what everywhere you find what to learn

Leonardo da Vinci

I. Main part

1. Ecology of alder

Alder is not a simple tree, as it may seem at first glance. And this is why: she is not one, and not even two. From the intelligent dictionary V.I. Dalya we learn that Olha has different nations in Russia in different ways. So in the Vladimir and Vyatka provinces - this is Yoyh, Eloha. In Nizhny Novgorod province is Olshina, and in the Novgorod and Pskov province - Yelshina, Olshina. And we call it a beautiful name - alder. By the way, the forests of alder in different provinces were called differently: Olkhorovenik, Olsnyak, Olshennik, Olshanik, Flock, Elshnik, Eelcyt, Olhovenik, Oleh.

In the collection "Medicinal plants of the Smolensk region" edited by Gozina A.A. and Yasnetsva V.S. Presented detailed systematic prenatibility of this plant organism. It turns out to be Olha refers to the Berezovy family (Betulaceae), to the family of alder (Alnus). Here we know another feature of alder: the plant can be like a leaf falltree So and shrub, the life form of which, may vary depending on environmental conditions.

With the ecology of Olkh, we met on the pages of the Internet magazine, where this information is presented in sufficient detail. Alder is growing on swamp places, in the floodplains and on the shores of the rivers, on fertile areas with peat and soils. At peat-in wetlands, it forms a highly productive pure ancient. Since ancient times, these thickets received the name of Olsa (Appendix 2, photo 2). They also called them "Ols-Log", "Ols-Boloto", "Ols-Zagox", or black-rolling quags. In the Olsa, the surface of the soil is uneven, covered with nodes, and often with solid thickets of burdens (Appendix 2, photo 3).

The root system of alder is powerful, the rod root does not form, it does not go deep into the soil, and often 0.5-0.7 m performs over its surface. Because of this, Olsanicians are difficult, and few find lovers to walk in these places, especially since in the summer there are clouds of mosquitoes. In the spring, Olhi thickets are filled with water, so you can cut and export Olhu only in winter, in severe frosts.

In the dictionary of the young naturalist, the next biological peculiarity of Olhi was discovered - this is a surprisingly fast-growing plant. An extremely rapidly growing acute alder. If you cut down, then the next year it will give an outflow length up to 2 m. Envious speed! But, unfortunately, after reaching twenty-five years, the plant grow to grow. The average duration of alder is only 40-60 years.

The trunk of alder does not depend on the age very slim, smooth, small in diameter (about 50 cm), and in height reaches no more than 12 meters. To the touch alder bark is very smooth, matte, shining, light gray, in old trees fractured (Appendix 2, photo 4). With close observation, we note the omission of non-flog leaves, which have an ovoid-elliptical shape with an acute or pointed top, 4-11 cm long and 4-8 cm wide.

Olhi's next feature is that it is one of the first among tree species awaken from the winter sleep, the first and blooms, without waiting for insects (they do not need them, as it is pollinated by the wind). Olhi blossoming is evidenced by the release of pollen from male inflorescences - earrings (Appendix 2, photo 1).

Why is the tree so in a hurry? It turns out that the leaves do not interfere with the wind cut pollen. The wind is inconsistent at this time. He carries pollen where it fell. But the trees "know" about his whims and at the slightest air movement allocate whole clouds of yellowish pollen. Ultimately, most of the pestile, female flowers, despite the leading wind, are pollinated.

Fruits from alder (Appendix 2, photo 5) - solid black shchers, up to 1.2 cm long, 3-6 pieces are collected, contain small flat seeds, ripening in October. After disclosure in the fall, the bumps remain in the tree all winter.

Conclusion: Alder has a number of amazing biological features: rapid growth, depending on the conditions there are two types of life forms, grows on moistened territories. As a result - widespread in Russia.

2. The role of alder in a person's life

2.1. Alder and oral folk creativity

2.1.1. Miphs and legends

On the pages of the Internet magazine, we learned that Olha is mentioned, it turns out, in the folk work of different countries since ancient times. So in the Celtic mythology of alder howthe wonder tree symbolizes the resurrection and deification.

In the horoscope of Druids, people born from March 18 to April 14 are considered to be Olhi. Usually these are strong, brave and independent leaders (you can always rely on a lot of alder). So people are inherent sincerity, confidence and ability to convince.

There is an ancient myth of the "Battle of Trees". Olha is fighting in the forefront, which shows the courage of alder.

The Greeks of Olha is the emblem of Pan. It is connected with the spring and holidays of fire.

If a person in Ireland quit Olhu, it is believed that he committed a crime. And from now on, he becomes responsible for all accidents that have occurred in the village.

In the legends of the Western and Eastern Slavs, it is said about how the devil, who competed with God when creating the world, tried to create a wolf, but could not revive him. According to God's will, the wolf came to life and rushed to the devil who hid him from him on Holhe. Blood from the crumpled wolf the heel of the devil hit Olhu. Therefore, the bark of alder and became red.

One of the reasons for the deification of alder is that when Olhu is cut down, its white wood blossoms, as if bleeding, like a person (Appendix 2, photo 6).

Olch branch is a sign of resurrection, as the kidneys on it are located in the form of a spiral (Appendix 2, photo 7).

In Greece, Olhi's spirit considered forion, the son of nymph-ash meli, the hero of the priest. He first discovered the secret of receiving fire and began to use it, and after Forone, the Blacksmiths and Potters began to use Olkhovy firewood, as the best material for maintaining the heat.

The ark in which Roma Silvia sent Romulus and Rem (future founders of Rome) downstream of the river, was also made of alder.

Eastern Slavs who lived, by the way, in the territory of the modern Smolensk region, Olhu called the "soul tree" for the reason that the souls of dead people move to her. There is such a version of the origin of alder:

Silver streams of the melancholic shadow of alder and willow
Forever are tied with water,
And before (as a legend says),
They were two poor people living fishing,
While once Pale's feast did not take place,
On which a devout fun rejoiced the city all,
Only this couple rituals are despised
And engaged in his usual matter
While their crime was not punished by goddess:
When they stood on the shore, looking at the water,
The angry goddess nailed them to this place,
Transforming them to edification
For their offensive occupation.
And irrigated to the generous stream, they launched roots
And branched trees became
And yet the leaves of them are pale, and how they would be aware of how they fell,
What dumbfounded frogs of evil will love.

2.1.2. Riddles about Olhu

Not only in the myths and legends of Olha reflected, but in oral creativity, for example, in the riddles:

With rounded leaves,
And Misky flower
With infrequity thin,
And with bumps are ringing.
And strict autumn she
Standing like in summer, green.
And the leaf drops behind the sheet,
By winter is preparing.

There are sideways
And earrings are beautiful.
The tree is modest,
And not swelling.

There are seelings, but not a girl.

There are shishchers, yes not a carpet;

Lives in Lyunka,

Near the slogan.

2.1.3. Poem

Did not go around with their creativity and poets:

Olha entricted -
Washed serving.
Their breeze playing
Slightly touches his palm.

A. Kochichko

He learned to alder
Out of earring earrings,
And when he has grown,
Two earrings brought you up.
And she is not fashionable,
Yes, so in the world leads:
Everyone wants to grow up
Everyone wants to bloom.
E. Serov.

2.1.4. Folk signs, proverbs and sayings

Oral creativity once again proves to us close attention from the Russian people to Olkha, using it and as weather forecaste:

If the birch in front of the alder leaf is dissolved, then summer will be dry, and if alder is tremendous, then wet.

On Alder a lot of earrings - to crop oats; And many cones - to the crop barley.

At the Olsnyaka of Breaki (kidney) - Vintage on Oats.

Eloha (alder) rose where everyone is bad.

Where alder is There is a hay of a mustache.

Do not balusa with an ax, do not waves the keeper of water - Elokhu (Olhu).

Before Olkhoy and Claus, the cap breaks.

Talk about Olkhov, and oak stronger! .

From the foregoing, the following conclusions can be drawn: first, alder is really a revered plant in the culture of different times and peoples; Secondly, reflected in different directions of oral creativity (signs, proverbs, sayings, riddles, poems).

2.2. Alder as fuel

Olha is, first of all, wood (Appendix 2, photo 8). Firewood from alder light, neatly and smoothly fade, burn very well, while soothing, scoring chimneys and chimneys. Their quality was highly appreciated in Russia, so they received their name "Tsaric Firewood". One lack of such wood - coal does not hold the heat.

An interesting point, Olkhovy Firewood was used by Russian peasants to burn soot from chimneys, especially after using birch and fir wood. By the way, a drawing (inherited) coal, as well as coal for the production of gunpowder, produce from olhovy firewood.

2.3. Alder as building material

Olhi wood does not have durability and durability on land. However, in the water, this wood is durable. This quality made it possible to use Olch to build thoroughbar of wells. The fact is that the tanning substances existing in Alder, speaking on the surface of the wood, form compounds with metal salts contained in water. In addition, tanning substances have antimicrobial and antifungal properties. All this prevents the rotting of wood, gives it special strength, stability and durability. Archaeological excavations proved that in underwater hydraulic structures, it can serve up to 3 thousand years.

2.4. Alder as an amicing material

Olhi wood is distinguished by special density, soft, very light, viscous, plastic, non-typical, white. These qualities were used, and used today for carpentry and lathes, as the wood is very well cut, it does not curtain during carving, it does not crack when drying. The wood end is processed well and can be used for the front side of the crafts, for example, to perform ornaments on flat end spiles from round blanks. Viscous and supplementing for processing in all directions, it is used in such responsible products as musical instruments: In some types of harmony, all wooden parts are performed only from alder. By the way, in Russia, the branches were used as a hoop for barrels.

In our school workshop, boys make decorative boards from alder (collection), decorating them with carvings.

The homogeneity and strength of the wood determine its widespread use in the production of plywood. On many modern furniture factories, Olhi wood produce original furniture, ranging from chairs and ending with the cabinets. Olha and in matchmaker, pulp and paper production, to obtain vinegar and charcoal coal.

In large demand, the aulhow wood enjoys both in car production, it goes to the manufacture of a drawer and barrels for dry cargo. In the textile industry, it is used in the manufacture of spins for spinning. Olch wood is a good wood thread material serves as the basis for baguettes. It also manufactures drawing boards and special planks for painting under oil paints and a temperature. In factories for polishing the glass use mostly wood alder.

By the way, the alder chips is considered better for packaging fruits, it is also used to smoke fish and meat.

2.5. Alder is a pioneer plant Very interesting fact - alder, tolerant of soil contamination, and the very first, burning, cutting, abandoned pashnes. Thus, the soil is preparing for more so-taking plants, usually for ate ..

2.6. Alder and soil

Olha is, as well as legume plants, enriches soil with nitrogen, since bacteria accumulating nitrogen (Appendix 2, photo 9) are in its roots. In addition, this tree gives a lot of sheets. This plant is surprisingly relieving the leaves with green, which allows sheet ponds to decompose very quickly, in which there is also a lot of nitrogen.

In Russia, it turns out that gardens that gave rise to rich vegetables crops, especially cucumbers, were organized on Olkhov. In the Olds and Grass rises with a wall. Hence the expression: "Where a olha, hay of a mustache."

2.7. Alder - animal feed

Leaves and branches of alder go on food pets: sheep, goats, rabbits, nutritioners. In the summer, the population harves up for them by Olkhovy brooms.

Olkhovy thicket attract wild animals. The kidneys and the tops of the branches of the alder serve as feeding with ripples and toethers in the winter.

2.8. Medicinal properties of alder

It is interesting to note the fact that schoolchildren in Soviet times collected medicinal herbs, which were later acting in pharmacy points. From here went to the manufacture of drugs. From the memories of my parents who are actively like all the pioneers of that time participated in the collection of medicinal material, the most popular were the leaves of the plantain, and in winter, a massive collection of Olkhovy cones was passing. And it is not surprising: alder - truly natural leakage!

In the book "Medicinal Plants of the Smolensk Region" it is indicated that in bumps of alder sulfur contains alkaloids, tannins, phenolcarboxylic acids, flavanoids, oily oil, triterpenoids, aliphatic alcohols, steroids. Extract from Olkhovy cones called "TKHMELIN" is widely used in medical practice. In folk medicine, the olhi cones are used for a long time as a fixing and hemostatic remedy for bleeding from the nose and gums, as well as with cold, rheumatism, gout; The decoction of the bark is clamped the throat and the oral cavity to strengthen the gums.

The bark of alder contains triterpenoids, tanning substances. Olhi leaves contain provitamin A (carotene), vitamin C, phenolcarboxylic acids, tanning substances, anthocyans, are used for skin diseases.

In official medicine, the drugs from alder gray are used as a binder and hemostatic remedy, especially in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, acute and chronic enteritis and colitis (acute and chronic inflammation of thin and thick intestines). The infusion of cones helps to reduce the ferodic-rotor processes in the intestine, the chair is rapidly normalized, tenesses disappear. In order to normalize the intestinal microflora, it is recommended to take inside the bumps of coys of the alder with dysbacteriosis, with diarrhea in children. The bumps are part of the gastric tea.

Corn decoctions, coys and leaves of olhi are used in articular rheumatism and colds, as they have antimicrobial effects and reduce the risk of allergies.

2.9. Alder as a natural dye

Curra Olhi was used for tackling and painting the skin into black, red and yellow colors, cloth - in red and yellow, wool - black, red and yellow.

2.10. Geographical objects

Analyzing the modern geographical map of the Smolensk region, we found many geographic objects whose names can be assumed related to Olhoy. This is, firstly, the villages: Olkhoviki (Cardimovsky district), Olkhovka (Vyazemsky district), Olkhovtsy (Sychevsky district), Olsha (Rudnyansky district), Olsha (Krasninsky district), Olhovo (Yartsevsky district), Olshanka (Safonovsky District). Secondly, these are water bodies, rivers: Olsha in the Spiritshinsky district and Richushur Olshovka in the Vyazemsky district.

Conclusion: alder is an amazing vegetable object used in Russia as a specialized building material (firing logs), optimal fuel, divemic material, medication, dye, feed for livestock, widely reflected in oral folk creativity.

3. Research

3.1. Study of the species diversity of alder in the Yartsevsky district

Using the Internet determiner, revealed that only two kinds of alder grow in the Yartsevsky district. This is an alder gray (Alnus Incana) or Alder White, Eloha, Oleshina (Appendix 2, photo 10, 11; Appendix 3), and Alder Black (Alnus Glutinosa). Another name is Olha Adhesive or European (Appendix 2, photo 12, 13, 14; Appendix 3).

So, two types of alder grow in the Yartsevsky district.

3.2. The modern spread of alder in the Yartsevsky district

If you look at the map of the city of Yartsevo, the largest squares of the alder are found outside the city feature: the coast of rivers, lakes, wetlands and converted shorts, forest arrays Pioner's village, Yakovlevo, gentle, red hammer. Extensive thickets are observed along the roads, in rural areas, on abandoned land plots (Appendix 2, photo 15, 16, 17).

None of the Central Street of the city of Yartsevo Olha does not grow. What is the reason?

First, alder is a tree, preferring moisturized lowlands. Therefore, it grows along rivers, lakes, Moscow-Minsk tracks. Secondly, it is possible that this plant is not used for artificial landscaping in the urban trait due to its small sizes, a non-sustainable appearance.

So, alder grows in areas of high humidity: on the banks of the rivers, lakes, in lowlands. And this is mainly a country area.

3.3. Studies of soil fertility

From literary sources, we found out that the soil under alder possesses high fertility. To confirm or refutate this fact, it was decided to carry out the following experiment: to trace the degree of germination of seeds on soils from under various tree breeds.

In the mixed forest we took soil samples under alder, fir, birch, cool. The universal fertile soil for seedlings was performed as a control sample.

For sowing, we took advantage of the seeds of the Cress Salad, as they will germinate for 3-4 days. Further, the same tanks were filled with half the soil from under different types of trees, where and placed 70 seeds of the Cress Salad (Appendix 2, photo 18). Further, the seeds were covered with a thin layer of soil, moisturized. For 14 days, a thorough observation of seed germination was conducted (Appendix 2, photo 19).

So, two weeks later, the following results were obtained: the smallest number of seeds increased to the soils of Elnika - 46 seedlings. In addition, they are weak, different in height. 50 seedlings appeared on the soils of the birch; They also differ in the height, weakened. 60 seedlings appeared on the control soil, but they differ in low growth (about two times less than the remaining seedlings), and the thickening of the stem. 65 smooth seedlings are marked on the soils from Clean. And 100 germination demonstrated on the soil from under alder. Swords are strong smooth, have a saturated green color.

Conclusion: The best germination of seeds on the soil taken from Uolhi. It means that the rights of the Russian people who pretended to the proverb: "Where alder - there is a hay of a mustache."

3.4. Study of Olkhov Firewood

It is known that olhovy firewood is considered royal firewood. And why? In order to answer this question, it is necessary to conduct an experiment. For this, dry lamps were taken for three different types of trees: alder gray, spruce spruce, birch. The lamps were crushed into a small chip. For the purity of the experiment, 800 g of chips of each type of wood were taken. Next, using a metal brazier, bricks, a small device was built for safe burning chips (Appendix 2, Photo 20) and heating of one liter of cold water (temperature + 50c) in the cast-iron with a lid. Wood chips burning time (Appendix 2, photo 21) for each of the three samples - 15 minutes. During this time, water (Appendix 2, photo 22) heats up. As a result, under the same conditions, the water temperature will show what type of wood gives more heat. It should be noted that after each of the three experiments with burning wood chip-iron chips cooled over 20 minutes in a cold water tank!

In the course of an experiment during combustion (Appendix 2, photo 23), chips ate water temperature was heated to 570c; birch - 630s; Alder - 700C (Appendix 2, photo 24). By the way, in 15 minutes, almost all wood chips in all three experiments burned down, forming coals and soot.

Conclusions:

1) Most of all heat is released during the combustion of alder chip, and therefore, olhovy firewood can rightly be called royal firewood. The reason may be hidden in one particular feature of this type of wood: when combustion, it is a olhi that is not formed to dig and soot, which clog the chimney in fireplaces and furnaces.

2) In the process of combustion, the following features are noted. When burning fir chips, the crackle and closure of burning wood were well heard. During the experiment, sparks were poured in the air with fir chip. This once again proves the danger of using coniferous trees as fuel without additional security measures. When burning an aulhova chip, given the open space of the street, a pleasant fragrance was noticeable. Most likely, precisely for this quality, olhovy sawdust and chip are used to smoke meat and fish.

3) After burning chips, ate remained small coals and a lot of powdered ash (Appendix 2, photo 25). This speaks of most of the combustion of the material being studied. When burning birch chips, many small coals were formed and little powdered ash (Appendix 2, photo 26). So Birch is burning longer than spruce, and in addition, forms coal, which can be used as fuel in mangals and barbecue. When combustion of an aulhova chip, large roughly identical coals were formed (Appendix 2, photo 27). So, for the combustion of olhovy wood, it is necessary to spend more time. This means that olhovy firewood uses more economical. In addition, large coals are better used in the future in mangals and barbecue.

Conclusion

Alder - a small, unbroken plant. However, for its unique biological and environmental features, this tree may be a living symbol of not only Smolencins, but also Russia.

Following its work, the "Alder - Live Symbol of Smolencins" was developed and decorated, which displays the main advantages of alder. The basis of the emblem is a leaf of alder, in the center of which is placed in the contour of the Smolensk region.

Multicolored emblem patterns are images that demonstrate the role of alder: fuel, medicine, dye, full-fledged cattle (especially in winter period), construction and diverse material. The importance of this plant in Smolyan can be judged by numerous geographical names villages and rivers: Olkhoviki, Olkhovka, Olshanka, Olkhovo, etc., which were reflected on the emblem.

Even the folk art (and riddles, poems, and proverbs, and signs) are closely related to this non-zeep plant. Therefore, along the edge of the sheet, one of the most characteristic proverbs about Alder are placed: "Eloha (alder) rose there, where everyone is bad," "before Olkhoy and Claus, the cap breaks."

And how not to agree with the statement of Samuel Batler: "Nature is like a magician: it needs an eye and eye."

List of resources

Geography of the Smolensk region: a tutorial / ed. A.P. Katrovsky. -Itching fourth. - Smolensk, 2000. -208c.
Gozin A.A., Yoshntev V.S. Medicinal plants of the Smolensk region. - 2nd ed. - Smolensk: Moscow worker, Smolensk branch, 1991 - 224 p.
Dal V.I. Large illustrated explanatory dictionary of the Russian language: modern Writing: OK 1500 IL. M.: Astrel: AST: TransitKniga, 2005. - 348 p.: Il.
Zhuravleva L.S. Ethnography of Smolensk region. Brief historical essay. Smolensk 2000, 43 p.
Mansurov S.E., Kokueva G. N. Monitor the environment of our year: 9-11 cl., School workshop. - M.: Humanitarian publishing center Vlados, 2001. - 112 p.: Il.
ogorodsadovod.com. Online Magazine.
plantarium.ru. Photo album of medicinal plants.
Russian folk proverbs and sayings. Cost. A.M. Zhigullav, 1965, Moscow worker
seasons-year.rf. Online Magazine.
Educational and methodological materials on the geography of the Smolensk region. - Smolensk: Universum, 2004. - 28c.
Encyclopedic dictionary of a young naturalist. Cost. A.G. Rozhin. - M.: Pedagogy, 1981.- 406 p., Il.

Celtic horoscope Druidov

The fundamental difference between the Celtic druid calendar from the so-called horoscope of Galli Druids is that the first is based on the lunar month, and the second - on a sunny day of 365 days. The whole calendar is called the Druid Moon, it consisted of three-year cycles, only 39 months. Moreover, the tables with calculations were essential, which of these months are happy, and what - no (it is necessary to give the Celts due, the same tables existed for a twelve-month calendar. How exactly the lunar cycle fit into it - the mystery is left for us.

Calendar periods of the sign of the tree of the so-called restored Celtic horoscope of druids have such limits:

December 24 - January 20		"I am a deer in seven branches of the horns (or I am a bull of seven battles)";
January 21 - February 17		"I am a wide stream on the equation";
February 18 - March 17		"I am the wind of the naval depths";
March 18 - April 14		"I - Sun sparkling tears";
April 15 - May 12		"I am a hawk / falcon on the cliff";
May 13 - June 9		"I am the most beautiful among colors";
June 10 - July 7		"I am God, inciting fire in my head";
July 8 - August 4		"I am a spear tip in battle";
August 5 - September 1		"I am Salmon River";
September 2 - September 29		"I am a mighty word";
September 30 - October 27		"I am a cruel bole";
October 28 - November 24		"I am a formidable sea noise";
November 25 - December 22		"I am a sea wave";
December 23	"Who besides me knows the secrets of unwanted dolmen?"

It turns out that the months, the number of thirteen, each was associated with their own tree, and consist of 28 days (28x13 \u003d 364), the remaining 365th day - on December 23, wearing a name nameless day, but the patron tree he had a spruce. It was on this day that the Celts were decorated with a Christmas tree, sacrificed sacrifices and organized a holiday.
The whole calendar is called the Druid Moon, it consisted of three-year cycles, only 39 months. And the tables were essential with calculations, which of these months are happy, and what - no (it is necessary to give the Celts due, the same tables existed for a twelve-month calendar. How did they fit the lunar cycle in it, Merlin knows them. I suspect that only he knows ).
I will make a reservation immediately, on English-speaking sites this calendar looks also:

DEC. 24 Jan. 21.	I Am A Stag of Seven Tines Beith The Birch
Jan. 22 Feb. eighteen	I Am A Wide Flood on A Plain Luis the Rowan
Feb. 19 Mar. eighteen	I Am A Wind On The Deep Waters Nuinn The Ash
Mar. 19 Apr. fifteen	I Am A Shining Tear Of The Sun Fearn The Alder
Apr. 16 May 13.	I Am A Hawk On A Cliff Saille The Willow
May 14 jun. 10	I am a Fair Amongst Flowers Huath The Hawthorn
Jun. 11 jul. eight	I am a god who sets the head afire with smoke duir the oak
Jul. 9 AUG. five	I Am A Battle-Waging Spear Teinn The Holly
AUG. 6 Sep. 2.	I am a Salmon in a Pool Coll The Hazel
SEP. 3 Sep. thirty	I Am A Hill of Poetry Muinn The Vine
Oct. 1 Oct. 28.	I Am A Ruthless Boar Gort The Ivy
Oct. 29 Nov. 25.	I am a threatening noise from the sea ngetal the reed
Nov. 26 dec. 22.	I am a wave of the sea ruis the elder
DEC. 23.	Who But I KNows The Secret Of The Unhewn Dolmen?

or:

Beth (Birch) Dec 24-Jan 20
Luis (Rowan) Jan 21-Feb 17
Nuin (ASH) Feb 18-Mar 17
FEARN (Alder) Mar 18-Apr 14
Saille (Willow) Apr 15-May 12
HUATH (hawthorn) may 13-jun 9
DUIR (OAK) Jun 10-Jul 7
Tinne (Holly) JUL 8-AUG 4
Coll (Hazel) AUG 5-SEP 1
MUIN (VINE) SEP 2-SEP 29
GORT (IVY) SEP 30-Oct 27
Ngetal (Reed) Oct 28-Nov 24
RUIS (ELDER) NOV 25-DEC 22
Secret of the Unhewn Stone (InterCalary Day): Dec 23

Birch (24.12-20.01) In Celtic astrology, the Sun was identified with birch. This tree first decorates itself with leaves, marking the beginning of all things. Birch twig was a distinctive sign of young druids or bards, which attached it to their tunics. In the Celtic Lunar Zodiac, a non-name day is between the birch and elder, as if between the clocks of the infinite cycle of birth and death. Birch-related white deer is a character of all Celtic myths, symbolizes the seven-mounted Board of the solar gods. People born under the sign of Birch are divided into two types. The nature of people born in the first two weeks of the sign is determined by the new moon, and the nature of people born in the final two weeks - full moon.
New moon people are more impulsive and emotional, but at the same time prone to subjectivism and introversion. The arid feature of their character is determined or faith in its ability to overcome all obstacles. Therefore, new moon people born under the sign of Birch, show more perseverance in achieving the goal. People of the full moon know exactly what they want, prone to pride, objectivity and extrovers. However, they have a negative trait - they are prone not to reckon with reality, which leads to incorrect assessment of the situation.
Druids believed that birch was a tree, potentially capable of growing very high, and therefore, in an astrological sense, people born under the sign of Birch, like the Celtic God Tallisein, possess a very great potential. However, they need very much perseverance to overcome the obstacles arising on their way.

Rowan (21.01-17.02) Druids believed that their great invisible God was manifested in restless elements of nature and in the electromagnetic forces contained in the phenomenon of lightning. It was believed that Ryabina Zipper is not terrible, and therefore, as protection against evil witchcraft forces, all settlements, secluded intersections, as well as temples, were attached to these trees. Druids believed that each tree had their own spirit or DRIADA. The Spirit of Ryabina represented the keeper of the secret truths - secrets associated with the immortality and the personal freedom of their archetypal gods.
In the Celtic mythology, Rowan was considered a magic tree, and its bright red berries - "food of the gods", which the green dragon guardors protects. Like the forbidden fetus from the Garden of Eden, Ryabina berries represented the magical forces tightly protected by Celtic gods.
Rowan people have the gift of foresight and clear humanistic principles. However, they are closed, and their prophecies do not always reach the rest of humanity. Under their cold manners, there is a certain passion for them, which is needed to prove its rightness to fans and ignoramuses. People new moon are impatient, and there are a lot of disappointments on the way to approval by their great right.
Although these people can be completely restrained in his personal life, their irrepressible thirst for reform will help start great public transformations.
People full moon are less discreet, but tend to promise more than they can do in reality. At the same time, they cannot be taken away with their ability to inspire, a powerful impact on other people and a non-indifference attitude towards any attempts to infringe the rights of the individual.

Ash (18.02-17.03) Celtic name as akin to the Irish Word "Heaven". In the mythologists of Celts, the ash was considered a witchcraft tree, magic sacks were cut out of it. The Egyptians called Celts "Woody Seas". Sea horse, symbolizing ash, is associated with the representations of the Celts about the marine gods as a semi-loss semi-loss.
People of ash are characterized by the duality of character, which is why it is very difficult to recognize their true nature or their motives. Despite the fact that they have artistic nature and temperament and look very vulnerable or sensitive, they may unexpectedly change the tactics and become very and very pragmatic. Probably, for this reason, people born under this sign are guided in their lives with a sense of compassion.
New Moon People are more impulsive and demonstrative in their relationship with other people, but resolutely configured to exploit them. They are peculiar, in general, a cautious approach to life, and at the same time they differ in extreme spontaneity.
Full moon people are inborn "exhibitions" and are distinguished by great sincere generosity, which indicates certain lungity and naivety. However, this is only an external weakness under which a very rare human quality is hidden - humility.

Alder (18.03-14.04)
Olha's Celtic mythology is connected with a ram - the powerful giant and the militant king of ancient Britain. In the ancient myth of the "Battle of Trees", Olh fights in the forefront, which speaks about the inherent archetype alder of alder courage.
In the rural outback of Ireland, the sacred for the Irish Olch is considered a crime. Making it is considered responsible for all accidents that occurred in the village. DRIADA Alder is distinguished by aggressiveness and may even burn the house of such a person.
The sacred symbol of the ram was falcon. Sokoli Celts called kings. Falcon is a meaning bird, a sign as victory and death.
Alder people are strong personality, ready to go through their own way. However, this is a very bumpy path, and a distinctive feature of this sign is courage. Olhi people are reliable allies, and yet they prefer to fight for their own interests and lead others. The restless spirit of these people leads them to the unknown gave.
New moon people are the most restless and indecisive of alder. Although their personal courage and sincerity do not cause doubts, they will be useful to think every time over the consequences of their actions.
Full moon people possess more than others, ability to convince. They are generally distinguished by great confidence in themselves, but they may not be enough of the vibrating energy that inherent in people of noving. However, if at the time of the crisis they will be in the right place and at the right time they will be able to achieve tremendous success.

Willow (15.04-12.05)
A dormant tree has an ancient history and is associated with death - the leaves of Willow are found in the burials of the era of Megalith and in the tombs of Pharaoh. The ancient Israelis had a holiday "Day Days" (festival), at the time of which their chief altar was decorated with Ivov branches. There is a belief that when Jesus met Maria Magdalin, she lived in a huge pole. While he was not expelled from Mary's demons, people considered her a witch, and Iva had an evil with evil.
Druids considered a saint tree sacred. In their myth about the creation of the world, maritime snakes postponed two purple eggs, which contained the sun and earth, it was in the branches of Willow. It was the first tree of creation, in whose branches were the universe, which symbolizes and the birth of space, and the beginning of earthly life. The sea snakes at the Celt symbolized the power of the Moon over the oceans and its fateful interference with the life of the genus of human.
People born under the write sign are very difficult to solve, because they are superimposed on them all the mysterious aspects of nature associated with the Moon. The "antennas" of their psyche are constantly included, so that they can use even the deaf curvatures of memory. Favorable aspects of character, as a rule, manifest themselves in their passive perseverance and insight.
People born in the first two weeks of the lunar month are more prone to sharp mood drops, which is poured into certain impermanections of character. Favorable aspects are manifested in susceptibility of these people to change and the ability to quickly use the opportunity.
People born in the second half of the month are inclined not to take into account the tips; At the same time, their arguments do not differ by persuasive. Favorable aspects are manifested in ingenuity and excellent memory.

Hawthorn (13.05-09.06)
It is believed that the Glastonberian thorn grunge from Chenka, which was crowned from the Tern Crown, who was crowned Jesus. In Celtic Ireland, it was believed that a person who destroyed the hawthorn, exposes himself to the greatest danger, because as a result of this, his cattle could die, his children could die, and he could completely disperse. The hawthorn was used during ritual orgies when the druids called on the people to imitate fertile summer.
The "security" functions of the hawthorn are associated with the mythical properties of the volcano, the Kuznez's god, the keeper of the heavenly fire, which, according to the ideologues, directs the highest energy of the mind. Celtic "Bowl" symbol is associated with the master's skill skill work on the metal. However, in later myths, the bowl is a symbol of Holy Grail, with which the divine mystery or a source of eternal life is identified.
Hawthorn people constantly boil new ideas. Born under this sign possess many talents and easily adapt to all changes. As a rule, their strength is to know the weakness of the enemy. They are good strategies, but they are not characteristic of ruthlessness.
People born in the first half of the lunar month are characterized by greater impulsiveness and sensuality. However, having accepted any decision, they are able to focus on holding it in life all their positive qualities.
People born in the second half of the lunar month are characterized by a completely different approach to life and much reluctant to associate themselves with personal obligations. Their positive quality is the ability to a wider vision that opens the doors of the mind, which are usually closed.

Oak (10.06-07.07)
Religion of Druidov was based on the worship of the oak, with whom all the ancient gods scores were associated. Oak symbolized the turning point of the year, when the summer sun rose for a short time in Greenwed circle to gain divine inspiration. During the seventh moon month of oak, Druids cut a circle on this tree, divided into four equal parts (an ancient symbol of the Earth) - it was believed that he would protect the tree from lightning. Celtic oak name means "door". It was implied that the doors "made from oak are the most reliable protection against evil.
Oak people are distinguished by the looks of views. Their most important positive qualities are optimism and the ability to tell the truth, there is no thinking about the consequences. However, negligence can be their weak place.
People born in the first half of the month are inclined to risk large amounts of money, as well as provide obligations that are not so easy to perform. Congenital leadership qualities and the ability to rise above such human vices as greed and korestoloby are positive. In both lunar phases or parts of the sign, there is an element of self-sacrifice, but people born under the full moon are less inclined to risk their money.
People born under the new moon, as a rule, love to keep in sight and are tireless seekers of glory.

Holly (08.07-04.08)
Celtic myths represented an ostolist (or holly) by an evergreen brother of oak. In the lunar calendar of Druids, the Holy Oak ruled the arriving (light) part of the year, and an evergreen stronghold - its decreasing (dark) part. In the ritual calendar of Druids, the King-Ostolist was called a dark heir. Celtic symbol Fire spear identical to the month of the heir. Mythical unicorn - a symbol of ostolist is a white horse with a spiral horn that resembles a spear. In the Buckingham Palace, in the collection of King Eduard, a special horn is stored, considered a rogue of a unicorn. In the Middle Ages, the belief was common that he defends the king from poison. In the esoteric sense, the ostolist symbolizes the evergreen aspect of the soul, and the oak - sacrificial ego. In an ancient Welsh poem, it is said that these two trees support the bridge, transfered through the "Rainbow River", in which the evil of the world and which flows into Greenwid.
People born under this sign, in contrast to oak people, less inclined to go to the risk of any kind until they are wearing all "for" and "against". We are talking about emergency practicality and landed in combination with the ability to solve complex problems with simple logic.
People born in the first half of the month are connected with the new Moon and are more inclined to fully support dreams and ambitious intentions of other people. This indicates a disinterested and caring nature, which, however, has a negative aspect - thoughtless optimism, which can harm these people.
The people of the full moon, born in the second half of the month, are more concerned about their dreams and ambitious plans. They are among the founders of various societies and large corporations. Negative aspects of full moon people are high-sensitivity to criticism at their address.

Walnut - Leschina (05.08-01.09)
In the mythology of Irish Celts, Leschina was a "sacred fort", in which the fairy of poetry lived. According to the Irish law, the trees were divided into four categories, according to which the punishment was determined for their unauthorized deforestation. Under this law, the death penalty relied on the deforestation of only two chief trees - the flavory and apple tree.
The ancient name of Scotland - Caledonia - means "Hill overgrown with the lenk". Leschina in Celtic legends is a symbol of concentrated wisdom, and, singing nuts, it was possible to learn everything that, about art and sciences. According to one of the Celtic legends (Saga about Finn), forest nuts fell into the well and became food for those who lived salmon inhabited. When Finn caught and ate one of them, he immediately gained wisdom. Therefore, the leaching is also called the wisdom tree, and the Celtic symbol "Salmon" represents the material value of knowledge.
People are susceptible, smart and healthy think. This sharpness of the mind makes out of them excellent disputes and writers. They are excellent organizers and planners capable of providing everything to the smallest details. The need to acquire knowledge makes them scientists and specialists.
People born in the first half of the month distinguishes the desperate desire for knowledge and curiosity, which can turn his nose everywhere.
People born in the second half of the month distinguishes with the full moon openness and temperament. They tend to strive to achieve public recognition to get the opportunity to enlighten other people in the field of art. Their positive features are honesty and principled, negative - excessive criticality.

Ivy (30.09-27.11)
The main properties of ivy - clinging, restriction, resistance, euphoria, determination. Ivy, like grapes, can symbolize intoxication. He is poisonous and his leaves, if they cause a hallucinogenic effect. (Just do not try to check it out!) Since this plant is very unpretentious, it can even grow in the cracks of the wall or pavement and symbolizes the chaininess and resistance against all sorts of accidents. In I, there is a wisdom, and this is one of the most sacred plants of the goddess. Places where in abundance is growing ivy full of gloomy mystery.

Cane (28.10-24.11)
The history of the Cane Symbol - White Hound is as follows. Pluto, the king of hell, tied a trust relationship with Arahun, an ancient Lord of Annun. Celtic Pluto became the master of both kingdoms and was considered the Savior of the Human race. Caltic symbols related to the acquisition sign indicate that this God was the Savior, and Guardian. Legends say that Pluto met Araun on the hunt, surrounded by the sovereign white piping dogs, and therefore the symbol of the month is a white hound. And in Egyptian, and in Greek myths, entrance to the mysterious kingdom was always guarded by dogs. In Celtic mythology, white hounds are the keepers of the lunar secrets and a stone that symbolized the divine right of the Celtic kings and korolas to rule their people.
Reed and ivy are two aspects of one duality. Persephone and Pluto form the unity of the soul, which, nevertheless, filled with drama and passions. People born at this time, like people of ivy, have a powerful influence on other people, with the only difference that the people of reeds differ in greater will of the will and less a tendency to compromise, since the role they play in life, eliminates the manifestation of any weakness or Luxury seating between two chairs. They prefer to change the order of things, instead of fighting for a warm place in the already existing order, and they want to change their lives, and not separate aspects.
People born in the first half of the month, that is, with a new moon, acquire powerful friends and make in powerful enemies, because they differ in impatience and impulsivity. Nevertheless, they will retain their position and achieve great respect, especially from their enemies.
People born in the second half of the month, that is, with a complete moon, more carefully plan their actions and achieve greater social recognition, but they tend to switch from one task to another, which can weaken their dedication. In general, cane people are distinguished by a great ability to survive, and they like to fight enemies more than getting help from friends.

Elder (25.11-23.12)
Buzin was shrouded with mysteriousness since the time of megalith, when the exact image of her sheet began to cut on the tombstones as a symbol of death and at the same time of the new birth. In the ritual zodiac of the Celts, this stage between life and death coincides with the time with the winter solstice. In the lunar Celtic zodiac birch and elderly, there are different sides of the entrance to the underground kingdom of Annun, denoting the descent and climbing the sun. A month of elderly symbolizes the imprisonment of the sun or the sun. With this month, Kronos is connected - the master of the kingdom of minerals, in which the source of life and light is sharpened.
Symbolically, elderly was depicted in the form of a golden pillar of decay, from which, after a series of transformations, Green pillars grew birch, associated with the birth of Celtic solar gods. A month of elder represents the impermanence of life and the need to constantly adapt to the changing situation.
Eastern people develop gradually. In adolescence, they have a lot of time and energy spend on meaningless projects. Many of them get inheritance, which contributes to extravagant tastes and spoils. At the heart of their nature lies anxiety or insatiable curiosity, as a result of which they are in the acquisition of deep knowledge and tend to commit distant travel to expand the horizons.
People born in the first half of the month belong to the phase of the young moon and differ greater frankness and impulsivity. However, they have excellent oratorical abilities and are constantly fighting with injustice or so that they consider corruption.
People born in the second half of the month belong to the phase of the full moon and have excellent valid abilities, they prefer to act in the shadow and avoid head-eye collisions.

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