Natasha was 14 years old when from June 21 to June 22 she was traveling by train with many peers to Grodno for a youth meeting, where she, along with others, was to be accepted into the Komsomol. She was still wearing a pioneer tie, a pioneer hiking-festive uniform with all its accessories - white clean knee-highs, which were pulled over thin tights, because it could be cold on the way, under a thin field-tailored jacket was a white shirt, which was crowned with a red a tie and a brown school skirt with spicy ruffles.

At the beginning of the fifth morning, something unimaginable began: there were explosions around, an aircraft raid on the train, where it was half bombed, screams, horror. It was some 50 km to Grodno. Remained in a stopper, somewhere in the field near the highway, which lay parallel to the railway tracks.
The survivors, including Natasha, gripped by fear, looked in alarm through the windows of the carriages, from which they did not leave, as from the western side, after the silence that came, the noise grew. A few minutes later, tanks and vehicles in which German soldiers were sitting began to drive past on the highway. At the sight of all this, in the mind of the pioneer, involuntarily, for a moment, the memory of the day before yesterday flashed up, where she stood on watch at the monument to the hero of the Civil War at a solemn line in the same clothes. She stood proudly, knowing that not a single enemy would make her way to her homeland and that she herself would always be under the protection of such heroes, at the obelisks of which she then stood.
But the enemy broke through. A huge mechanized column, raising dust, crept eastward and paid no attention to them. It seemed as if there was no end to it, but finally, it dried up and everyone took a breath. The sun was already fully coming into its own.

But then again the noise of the motors was heard. This time the soldiers were somewhat different from those that had advanced earlier. These have already stopped. In some places, with force, they expelled everyone from the cars. Someone was beaten with rifle butts, they shot several people, including children. They built everyone on the slope. The officer walked along the line and appraised everyone with a glance. He walked past Natasha, but then suddenly returned and, taking her roughly by the shoulder, led her far to the side. The same thing happened with several other girls. All of them were taken to the bus, except for Natasha, her officer put her in his car. He gave some orders, negotiated with some other officer for a long time. It looked like they were even arguing. But this first one returned and crashed heavily into the back seat of Natasha, said something to the driver. He turned around and drove in the opposite direction. When they drove off a certain distance, Natasha's ears barely heard similar shots, but they were not single, but like volleys.

We drove long enough, about four hours at a decent speed. At first everything around was smoking, then the picture changed. There were some inscriptions along the road in Polish and German. Finally they turned into the depths of the forest. All this time, the officer was silent, as if he were a mummy. Absent-minded anxiety reigned in the girl's head. They drove about 20 km along the forest road and finally entered some gate. The officer got out of the car and said to Natasha in broken Russian:
-Go out! Do not be afraid. This is your temporary camp.

The word "camp" for the girl's ear sounded with a certain hope, for she was originally and went to the camp for the rally. They walked past the barracks, where people appeared in certain clothes. There was more sadness on the faces of these people than joy. They watched the girl with a doomed expression.
Natasha obediently walked forward. Nothing else was given to her at this hour. They followed the back streets and entered the room. Here the officer directed her to sit at a distance in front of the table and, taking something in the form of water, began to ask:
-What is your name?-
-Natasha, - the schoolgirl answered quietly.
-And how old are you Natasha? the officer asked politely.
-It's fourteen now-
-Where were you going? the German asked unnaturally tenderly.
-I went to the youth meeting-
-At the youth meeting? - the interrogator asked kindly and softly. - And what is a meeting and what are they doing there? - the interlocutor added in the voice of the storyteller.
- There are a lot of young people, - Natasha perked up a little, - and there they should have accepted me into the Komsomol. I'm still a pioneer now.
-Pioneer ...? - the German asked in a strange way, and his gaze slid towards the girl's knees, who were shyly adjoining each other.
-Ah, I heard! -With a peculiar softness pronounced the German. - Pioneers are friendly guys! You are taught not to lie, to help the old, to sing, dance and, to love the Motherland …… ..
- Yes, - Natasha answered with participation, but somewhat modestly. A smile appeared on her face.
“You are a very good girl,” the officer flattered. “But I didn’t have time to join the Komsomol,” he continued. Then he added, - And what, the Komsomol members are even better than the pioneers?
“Yes, of course,” Natasha perked up even more. - They are much more worthy and stronger ... ..
-Yes Yes Yes! Stronger! - confirmed the German. - I know. Komsomol members are honest, like you, pure in body and heart, like you. You deserve to be a member of the Komsomol …….
Natasha was slightly embarrassed by the praise and felt that everything would be fine in the future. Then she suddenly asked:
-And this is not a war?

The German smiled cordially, thought a little and answered:
-No, of course, this is not a war. These are great teachings between Germany and the Great Stalin. We agreed to make them so that everyone would believe that this is indeed the case. But everything is not real. Everything, as your pioneers say, everything is for fun.
The officer suddenly pretended to be sloppy and said:
-Hey, I let it slip ... I told you the whole secret. How now we will adequately accept you into the Komsomol, if you already know everything. But the idea was that the enemy allegedly arranged a test for you, even on pain of death, but you survived, did not betray the Komsomol, into which you will have to merge with dignity….
Natasha's eyes sparkled:
-So you will now accept me into the Komsomol !? she said happily.
-Yes, comrade pioneer! - said the officer affirmatively. - Now and, right here! But since I have already told you a little secret, then let's all the same, in spite of this, we will take it more seriously with you and, we will formally go through all those conditions of worthy admission to the Komsomol with you, where you supposedly will withstand the tests and courageously accept the title STRONG and HONEST KOMSOMOLETS. Later, I will personally telegraph to Comrade Stalin himself about your high patriotism ... ..

Natasha again dreamed of an image of herself, where she stood with honor at the obelisk.
The German stood up. Natasha, due to her cleanliness, could not pay attention to the fact that the officer's trouser leg bulged out in the area of ​​the fly. He took a couple of sweets from the table and, having unrolled their candy wrappers, gave them to the teenager.
-Here, sweeten and refresh yourself, before the exam, - he told her, and when she already began to swallow the first candy, he somehow strangely with his big palm, almost completely grabbed her thin tender neck, with two forefingers pressed on her trachea, which was dancing while swallowing , felt her pulse, and immediately let go, embarrassed, at the direct glance of her slightly bewildered eyes.

You have a strong Komsomol neck! - he said almost solemnly, and then a little more moderately, - And we will break them ...!
-What to break? -Suspecting nothing, Natasha asked with a slight misunderstanding.
- To break our enemies, - the German clarified. Then he said - sit here a little, I'll go and do something. Here's some more candy, don't hesitate to eat. And here is the lemonade, drink it. No cake. Swallow everything, then we will do great prevention for all plumbing, clamp all pipes, clean here and there ... ... ...
Natasha's eyes answered with a misunderstanding of the topic. He caught it and said: - I'm just kidding, don't be embarrassed. You’ll go home tomorrow. We telegraph your mom to meet you ... ... ..

The German returned an hour later. During this time, he thoroughly prepared everything for "joining the Komsomol" and agreed with his superiors that he still had several unresolved matters in the Polish rear, where he might return to the proposal that his work would still continue for some time here in camp, in the light of the ideas and plans of the Reich. He himself still could not say for sure what to do next, in fact, move eastward forward, to great deeds and victories, or stay here. He was brought back here, unexpectedly for himself, by the impulse that he suddenly took over the life of a juicy schoolgirl. He has never hanged anyone in person. He shot stupidly any goners, as it seemed to him, and he did it with a sense of duty. But, here it is. Maybe she reminded him of someone? Maybe yes. Probably the first unrequited love. She then owned it completely, but he was not in demand. He suffered for a long time. I was ready to throw myself at her feet. He hated her and at the same time loved her dearly. As time went. But what could he do? He often in his thoughts tore her clothes, tore her legs. Lust took possession of him more and more instead of love. And finally, one day I visited the impulse, to hang her passionately. But the law, society, opinions, etc. All these foundations. He could only hang her up in his fantasies, where she remained at the same school age, at which he first fell in love with her and fell madly in love.
But here is the war, and he met her. Let her name be Natasha, no difference. After all, she looks so much like her and is dressed the same way. This is the only chance. Yes, he practically has not yet hanged women, especially girls. But this is war! There are no more laws, the prosecutor, the investigation, society and his opinion, morality. And most importantly, the Fuhrer said - kill everyone !!! I will be responsible for this !!!

Yes! the officer repeated to himself. - The Fuhrer said so! And he, not me, will be responsible for this before GOD.
He could not think further. He was already burning with passion. The member was literally torn through the breeches. The smell of the first emissions was already audible.
She sat in the same place and looked at him confidentially. It was evident that she even got a little bored. For her, there was no war, there was only the thought of how cunningly and wisely the authorities arranged for her and all other peers to be admitted to the Komsomol. She was already anticipating how she would brag to her guys.
He went up to her. Now, despite the fact that he convinced himself to decide on this, at the same time he began to be ashamed of her. After all, SHE was in front of him! But feelings and thoughts began to change feverishly. That dirty Slavs, then suddenly SHE again. For a moment, he was seized by panic that he was about to miss it. He gently lifted her from the chair by the shoulders and said in a slightly trembling voice, - Helga, it's time ... ... ...

Moreover, voluntarily, in the USSR, any schoolchild who ceased to be an Octobrist in age and did not reach the age of 14 had the opportunity. But there were often, however, formally, and some restrictions. They were associated, first of all, with the academic performance and behavior of the student. In any case, the right to become a pioneer was seriously discussed first in his class, and then at the school council. And he could sometimes be refused. In fact, almost everyone was tied with red ties. They were handed over to the bulk of fourth-graders on April 22, Lenin's birthday. Moreover, these ceremonies took place either at the monument to the leader, or in a large hall, for example, a cinema.

In the beginning, the boys and girls read aloud The Solemn Promise. After that, one of the invitees or communists tied each of them a red tie, symbolizing with its three ends the connection of three communist generations, and handed over a pioneer badge of the same color with a portrait of Lenin. The celebration ended with the gesture of the newly-made pioneer with a hand raised diagonally above his head in a cap, and a kind of password with the words “Be ready! Always ready!". Those who were not fortunate enough to become a pioneer in April got their chance on a holiday on May 19. But only without any special celebrations and speeches.

Units and units

Having become a pioneer, an ordinary school student immediately turned into a detachment led by a high school counselor and, as a rule, bore the name of some pioneer hero or simply a deceased hero of one of the wars of the twentieth century. For example, Pavlik Morozov, who was killed by fists, or Oleg Koshevoy, a "Young Guard". The detachment was divided into links. And the totality of all school teams was called a squad. The main occupations of the pioneers, in addition to good studies and preparation for joining the Komsomol, were considered participation in the "Timurov movement" and subbotniks, collection of waste paper and scrap metal. The pioneer could leave the ranks of the organization only in two cases: after reaching the age of 14 and joining the Komsomol, or upon expulsion for "deuces" and hooliganism.

Pioneer day

By the way, the holiday celebrated on May 19 and received the name "Day of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after VI Lenin" at birth could have become such on another day. But the first attempt in 1918 to create in Soviet Russia, following the example of American scouts, detachments of young communists, was not very successful. The Civil War began in the country, and the Bolsheviks were not up to the small detachments of their underage followers.

The second attempt, in November 1921, turned out to be more resilient. After the decision was made to create a children's political organization, which at first bore the name of the Roman slave and gladiator Spartacus, several "Spartak" groups appeared in Moscow, using unprecedented symbols - red ties and five-pointed stars. On May 7 of the same year, the first pioneer bonfire burned in one of the capital's parks. And 12 days later, the All-Russian Conference of the Komsomol, which later became the Congress of the Komsomol, decided to create an organization in the country, consisting of pioneer detachments. In the same year, composer Sergei Kaidan-Deshkin and poet Alexander Zharov wrote a song with the words “Soar with bonfires, blue nights! We are pioneers - children of workers, ”and she immediately received the status of an anthem.

After the victory of the October Revolution, red children's organizations, groups and associations arose in various cities. On May 19, 1922, the 2nd All-Russian Conference of the Komsomol adopted a decision on the widespread creation of pioneer detachments.

In the first years of Soviet power, the pioneers helped street children and fought against illiteracy, collected books and set up libraries, studied in technical circles, looked after animals, went on geological trips, on expeditions to study nature, and collected medicinal plants. The pioneers worked on collective farms, in the fields, guarded crops and collective farm property, wrote letters to newspapers or to the relevant authorities about violations that they noticed around.

"AiF" recalls how in Soviet times pioneers were received in October, and who could become a Komsomol member.

What class did you take in October?

Schoolchildren of grades 1–3 became October revolutionaries, united on a voluntary basis in groups at the pioneer squad of the school. The groups were led by counselors from among the pioneers or Komsomol members of the school. In these groups, children were preparing to join the Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization.

When joining the ranks of the Octobrists, children were given a badge - a five-pointed star with a child's portrait of Lenin. The symbol was the red October flag.

In honor of the victory of the October Revolution since 1923, schoolchildren were called "October". The October Revolutions united in asterisks (an analogue of the pioneer link) - 5 October and also the "sickle" and "hammer" - the leader of the stars and his assistant. In an asterisk, an October child could take one of the positions - commander, florist, orderly, librarian or sportsman.

In the last decades of Soviet power, in October, all primary school students were admitted, usually already in the first grade.

Who was accepted as a pioneer?

Schoolchildren aged 9 to 14 were admitted to the pioneer organization. Formally, the admission was carried out on a voluntary basis. The selection of candidates was carried out by open voting at the gathering of the pioneer detachment (usually corresponding to the class) or at the highest - at the school level - the pioneer body: at the Council of the squad.

A student joining a pioneer organization made the Solemn Promise of the pioneer of the Soviet Union at the pioneer lineup (the text of the promise in the 1980s could be seen on the back cover of school notebooks). A communist, Komsomol member, or senior pioneer handed the novice a red pioneer tie and a pioneer badge. The pioneer tie was a symbol of belonging to the pioneer organization, a part of its banner. The three ends of the tie symbolized the indestructible bond of three generations: communists, Komsomol members and pioneers; the pioneer was obliged to take care of his tie and take care of it.

The pioneers were greeted by a salute - a hand raised just above the head showed that the pioneer puts public interests above personal ones. "Be ready!" - the counselor called on the pioneers and heard in response: "Always ready!"

As a rule, they were admitted to the pioneers in a solemn atmosphere during communist holidays in memorable historical and revolutionary places, for example, on April 22 near the monument to V.I.Lenin.

Punishments were applied to members of the organization who violated the Laws of the Pioneers of the Soviet Union: discussion at the assembly of a link, detachment, squad council; comment; exception warning; as a last resort - expulsion from the pioneer organization. They could be expelled from the pioneers for unsatisfactory behavior and hooliganism.

Collecting scrap metal and waste paper and other types of socially useful work, helping elementary school students, participating in the military-sports "Zarnitsy", classes in circles and, of course, excellent studies - these are what pioneer everyday life was filled with.

How did you become Komsomol members?

They became members of the Komsomol from the age of 14. The reception was carried out individually. To submit an application, a recommendation from a communist or two Komsomol members with at least 10 months of experience was needed. After that, the application could be accepted for consideration in the school Komsomol organization, or they could not be accepted if they did not consider the submitter a worthy figure.

Those whose application was accepted were assigned an interview with the Komsomol committee (Komsomol council) and a representative of the district committee. To pass the interview, it was necessary to learn the charter of the Komsomol, the names of the key leaders of the Komsomol and the party, important dates and, most importantly, to answer the question: "Why do you want to become a Komsomol member?"

Any of the committee members could ask a tricky question during the trial stage. If the candidate successfully passed the interview, he was handed a Komsomol ticket, in which the payment of contributions was documented. Pupils and students paid 2 kopecks. per month, employed - one percent of the salary.

They could be expelled from the Komsomol for slovenliness, attending church, for non-payment of membership fees, for family troubles. The expulsion from the organization threatened with the lack of a good perspective and career in the future. The former Komsomol member did not have the right to join the party, go abroad, in some cases he was threatened with dismissal from his job.

Accepted

XIV Congress of the Komsomol,

as amended

XV, XVII and XVIII Congress of the Komsomol

ALL-UNION LENINSK COMMUNIST UNION OF YOUTH

The All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union is an independent public organization that unites in its ranks the broad masses of progressive Soviet youth.

The Komsomol is an active assistant and reserve of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which is the leading and guiding force of Soviet society, the core of its political system, state and public organizations.

The Komsomol sees the whole point of its activity in the implementation of the decisions of the party and the Soviet government, in the implementation of the great Program of building a communist society in the USSR. True to Lenin's behests, the Komsomol helps the party educate young people in the spirit of communism, strict observance of the USSR Constitution and Soviet laws, involve them in the practical construction of a new society, prepare a generation of comprehensively developed people who will live, work and manage public affairs under communism. The greatest honor for a Komsomol member is to become a member of the CPSU.

The Komsomol works under the leadership of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, is an active conductor of the party's policy in all areas of communist construction. The strength of the Komsomol lies in the leadership of the CPSU, in ideological conviction and dedication to the cause of the party, in the conscious discipline and unity of its ranks. The Komsomol learns from the party to live, work, fight and win in the Leninist way.

The main task of the All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union is to educate young men and women on the great ideas of Marxism-Leninism, on the heroic traditions of revolutionary struggle, on the examples of the selfless labor of workers, collective farmers, intelligentsia, to develop and strengthen in the younger generation a class approach to all phenomena of social life, to prepare persistent, highly educated, labor-loving young builders of communism.

The sacred duty of the Komsomol is to prepare young people for the defense of the socialist homeland, to educate selfless patriots capable of resolutely repelling the attack of any enemy.

The Komsomol instills in young men and women a deep respect for the State Emblem, Flag, and Anthem of the USSR, personifying the heroic history, power and greatness of the socialist Motherland.

The Komsomol strives for every member of the Komsomol, every young man in his entire life to sacredly fulfill Lenin's behest "Learn Communism" and observe the moral principles set forth in the Program of the CPSU - in the moral code of the builder of communism:

Devotion to the cause of communism, love for the socialist homeland, for the socialist countries;

Conscientious work for the good of society: who does not work, he does not eat;

Everyone's concern for the preservation and enhancement of the public domain;

High awareness of public duty, intolerance of violations of public interests;

Collectivism and comradely mutual assistance: each for all, all for one;

Humane relations and mutual respect between people: man to man is a friend, comrade and brother;

Honesty and truthfulness, moral purity, simplicity and modesty in public and private life;

Mutual respect in the family, care for the upbringing of children;

Intransigence to injustice, parasitism, dishonesty, careerism, money-grubbing;

Friendship and brotherhood of all the peoples of the USSR, intolerance of national and racial hostility;

Intransigence towards the enemies of communism, the cause of peace and freedom of peoples;

Fraternal solidarity with the working people of all countries, with all peoples.

A further increase in the role of the Komsomol in a developed socialist society depends on the activity and fighting spirit of all Komsomol organizations, deepening the content, improving the style and methods of their work.

Komsomol organizations are steadily carrying out the covenant of V.I. Lenin that "the Union of Communist Youth should be a shock group that renders assistance in any work, shows its initiative, its initiative", they strive that every member of the Komsomol is an example for youth in work, in study, in military service.

The Komsomol participates in the management of state and public affairs, in solving political, economic and socio-cultural issues, enjoys the right of legislative initiative in the person of its all-Union and republican bodies.

The Komsomol takes an active part in creating the material and technical base of communism, in all state and economic construction, in the development of the natural resources of our country, in the construction of new cities, factories, factories, mines, in the further rise of agriculture, in the development of science, culture and art. ...

Komsomol organizations actively exercise the right of broad initiative, granted by the party, in discussing and presenting to the relevant party organizations all questions of the work of an enterprise, collective farm, institution, participate in the decision of the Councils of People's Deputies, state bodies, trade unions and other public organizations of issues of education, training, labor organization, and everyday life. and recreation of youth.

The Komsomol builds its work on the basis of strict adherence to the Leninist principle of collective leadership, the all-round development of intra-Komsomol democracy, broad initiative and initiative of all members of the Komsomol, criticism and self-criticism.

The Komsomol constantly strengthens the organization and conscientious discipline in its ranks, demands from each member of the Union high responsibility for their deeds and actions, is freed from persons who violate the Komsomol Charter and compromise the high rank of the Komsomol by their behavior.

The Komsomol educates young men and women in the spirit of loyalty to the principles of proletarian internationalism, friendship of youth of all countries, actively promotes the expansion and strengthening of ties with fraternal youth unions of socialist countries, with communist youth organizations of capitalist and developing countries, young fighters for freedom and national independence, for peace and socialism, against imperialism and colonialism.

I. MEMBERS OF THE Komsomol, THEIR OBLIGATIONS AND RIGHTS

1. A member of the Komsomol can be any young man of the Soviet country, recognizing the Charter of the Komsomol, actively participating in the building of communism, working in one of the Komsomol organizations, fulfilling the decisions of the Komsomol and paying membership fees.

2. A member of the Komsomol is obliged:

a) to be an active fighter for the implementation of the majestic program of communist construction, to prepare oneself for life in a society that affirms on earth Peace, Labor, Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood and Happiness of all peoples, to link their labor, teaching, upbringing and education with participation in building communism;

b) set an example in work and study, constantly increase labor productivity, improve the quality of products in every possible way, actively promote the acceleration of scientific and technological progress, participate in socialist competition, continuously improve their qualifications, strictly observe labor and state discipline, protect and increase social , socialist property is the basis of the power and prosperity of the Soviet Motherland;

c) persistently master the Marxist-Leninist theory, knowledge, culture, achievements of modern science and technology. Explain to young people and actively implement the policies of the Communist Party, be honest and truthful, empathetic and considerate of people. To wage a decisive struggle against all manifestations of bourgeois ideology, against parasitism, religious prejudices, various antisocial manifestations and other vestiges of the past, always put public interests above personal ones;

d) to be a selfless patriot of the Soviet Motherland, ready to give all his strength for it, and if necessary, his life, to strengthen the power of the USSR Armed Forces, to study military affairs, to be vigilant, to keep state secrets;

e) to assist in strengthening the friendship of the peoples of the USSR, fraternal ties of Soviet youth with the youth of the countries of the socialist community, with the proletarian working and student youth of the world;

f) actively participate in the political life of the country, set an example for young people in fulfilling their public duty; help the development and consolidation of communist social relations;

g) to strengthen the ranks of the Komsomol in every possible way, to increase its fighting spirit and organization, to show initiative and initiative, to strictly observe the Komsomol discipline, equally obligatory for all members of the Komsomol, to quickly and accurately fulfill the instructions of the Komsomol organization, to bring any business started to the end;

h) boldly develop criticism and self-criticism, fight against ostentation and arrogance, reveal shortcomings in work and seek their elimination, report them to the Komsomol bodies, up to the Central Committee of the Komsomol;

i) temper yourself physically, regularly play sports, be ready for work and defense of the USSR.

3. A member of the Komsomol has the right:

a) elect and be elected to the Komsomol bodies;

b) freely discuss all issues of the work of the Komsomol at Komsomol meetings, conferences, congresses, at meetings of Komsomol committees and in the Komsomol press, make proposals, openly express and defend their opinion before the organization makes a decision;

c) criticize at Komsomol meetings, conferences, congresses, plenums of any Komsomol member, as well as any Komsomol organ. Persons guilty of suppressing criticism and persecuting criticism should be brought to strict Komsomol responsibility;

d) personally participate in Komsomol meetings, meetings of bureaus and committees, when the issue of his activities or behavior is discussed;

e) apply with questions, statements and proposals to any Komsomol committee, up to the Central Committee of the Komsomol.

The Komsomol bodies must carefully and sensitively consider the statements and proposals of the Komsomol members, and quickly take the necessary measures on them.

4. The Komsomol is admitted to the advanced, devoted to the Soviet Motherland, young people aged 14 to 28 years. Admission to the Komsomol membership is made on an individual basis.

Members of the Komsomol who have reached the age of 28 and have not been elected to the governing Komsomol bodies are removed from the Komsomol register and leave the Komsomol.

The procedure for admission to the Komsomol membership:

a) Members of the Komsomol submit recommendations of two members of the Komsomol who have at least one year of Komsomol experience, or the recommendation of one member of the CPSU who knows the recommended ones for joint work or study.

Note: When accepting pioneers as members of the Komsomol, the recommendation of the council of the pioneer squad is mandatory and equates to the recommendation of one member of the Komsomol. Pupils of general education schools under 15 years of age join the Komsomol only through a pioneer organization.

b) The Komsomol organization checks the readiness of the entrant on practical matters and assignments. The question of admission to the Komsomol is discussed and decided by the general meeting of the primary Komsomol organization. The decision of the primary Komsomol organization comes into force upon approval by the bureau of the district committee or the city committee of the Komsomol.

The Komsomol experience of those entering the ranks of the Komsomol is calculated from the date of the decision of the general meeting of the primary Komsomol organization on admission to the Komsomol membership.

5. The procedure for registering members of the Komsomol and their transfer from one organization to another is determined by the corresponding instruction of the Central Committee of the Komsomol. Departure from an organization without being removed from the Komsomol register, as well as untimely registration, is a serious violation of intra-union discipline.

6. The Komsomol bodies must control the timely payment of the Komsomol membership fees, in each individual case find out the reasons for the late payment and take appropriate measures.

About a Komsomol member, who for three months did not pay membership fees without good reason, the question is raised for discussion by the primary Komsomol organization.

7. For failure to comply with statutory requirements and other misconduct, a member of the Komsomol is brought to justice. For minor offenses, measures of Komsomol education and influence in the form of comradely criticism, the issuance of a Komsomol censure, warning or instruction should be applied.

In necessary cases, a member of the Komsomol may be imposed Komsomol penalties: appearance, reprimand (severe reprimand), reprimand (severe reprimand) with entry into the registration card. An extreme measure of the Komsomol punishment is expulsion from the Komsomol.

When deciding on the punishment of a Komsomol member, a maximum of comradely attention and objectivity must be ensured.

8. The question of the expulsion of a Komsomol member from the ranks of the Komsomol is decided by the general meeting of the primary Komsomol organization. The decision of the primary Komsomol organization to expel from the ranks of the Komsomol is considered adopted if at least two-thirds of the Komsomol present at the meeting vote for it and is approved by the district committee (city committee) of the Komsomol or an equivalent committee.

For those expelled from the Komsomol, the right to appeal to higher Komsomol bodies, up to the Central Committee of the Komsomol, remains within two months.

9. The question of bringing to Komsomol responsibility members, candidates for members of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Union republic, the regional committee, the regional committee, the district committee, the city committee, the district committee of the Komsomol, as well as members of the revision commissions, is discussed in the primary Komsomol organizations.

The decisions of the Komsomol organizations to impose penalties on the members and candidates for members of these Komsomol committees and members of the audit commissions are taken in the usual manner.

Proposals of Komsomol organizations to expel from the Komsomol are reported to the appropriate Komsomol committee, of which the Komsomol member is. Decisions on the exclusion from the Komsomol of members, candidates for members of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Union republic, the regional committee, the regional committee, the district committee, the city committee, the district committee of the Komsomol and members of the audit commissions are adopted at the plenum of the corresponding committee by a majority of two-thirds of its members.

The question of expelling from the Komsomol a member, candidate member of the Central Committee of the Komsomol and a member of the Central Auditing Commission is decided by the Komsomol congress, and in the intervals between congresses - by the plenum of the Central Committee by a majority of two-thirds of the members of the Central Committee.

10. Appeals expelled from the ranks of the Komsomol or those who have received penalties, as well as decisions of Komsomol organizations to expel from the Komsomol are considered by the relevant Komsomol bodies no later than two weeks from the date of their receipt.

II. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE Komsomol,

INTERNAL KOMSOMOL'SK DEMOCRACY

11. The guiding principle of the organizational structure of the Komsomol is democratic centralism, which means:

a) the election of all governing bodies of the Komsomol from bottom to top;

b) periodic reporting of Komsomol bodies to their Komsomol organizations and to higher bodies;

c) strict Komsomol discipline and subordination of the minority to the majority;

d) the unconditional obligation of the decisions of the higher Komsomol bodies for the lower ones.

12. The Komsomol is built on a territorial-production basis: primary organizations are created at the place of work or study of the Komsomol and are united into regional, city, etc. organizations across the territory. The organization serving this territory is superior in relation to all the Komsomol organizations serving its parts.

13. The highest governing body of the Komsomol organization is: a general meeting (for primary organizations), a conference (for district, city, district, regional, regional organizations), a congress (for the Komsomol organizations of the union republics, for the Komsomol).

14. The general meeting, conference or congress elects a bureau or committee, which is their executive body and directs all the day-to-day work of the Komsomol organization.

15. Committees of the Komsomol create permanent or temporary public commissions, councils and headquarters on various issues of Komsomol work and use other forms of involving Komsomol members in the activities of the Komsomol committee on a voluntary basis.

16. Elections to district, city, district, regional, regional, republican, all-Union Komsomol bodies are carried out by closed (secret) voting.

Elections of the Komsomol committee of the primary Komsomol organization, the bureau of the shop floor and an organization equivalent to it are held by open voting. All members of the Komsomol during elections have an unlimited right to nominate, dismiss candidates and criticize the latter. Voting should be carried out for each candidate separately. Candidates are considered elected if more than half of the participants of the meeting, conference or congress voted for them.

17. During the elections of all Komsomol bodies, the principle of systematic renewal of their composition and continuity of leadership is observed.

18. Observance of Komsomol discipline, impeccable implementation of decisions of party and Komsomol bodies is the primary duty of all members of the Komsomol, all Komsomol organizations.

Members of the governing bodies of the Komsomol must set an example of the observance of discipline in the Komsomol, with all their practical activities justify the high confidence placed in them.

When if a member of the governing Komsomol body does not fulfill these requirements, he may be removed from the relevant committee.

The question of the withdrawal of a member, candidate member of the Central Committee of the Komsomol, the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the union republic, the regional committee, the regional committee, the district committee, the city committee, the district committee of the Komsomol from the Komsomol body is decided at the plenum of the corresponding committee. In the primary organization, the issue of removing a member of the committee or bureau is decided at a general meeting. A decision is considered adopted if at least two-thirds of the votes of the members of this committee or organization are cast for it during the voting.

The question of withdrawing members of the audit commissions of the corresponding Komsomol organizations from these commissions is decided at meetings of the commissions in the manner prescribed for members and candidates for members of the Komsomol committees.

19. Free and businesslike discussion of the work of individual Komsomol organizations or the Komsomol as a whole is an inalienable right of every member of the Komsomol and an important principle of intra-Komsomol democracy. On the basis of intra-union democracy, the activity, initiative and initiative of the Komsomol members are developing.

The Komsomol develops criticism and self-criticism in its ranks in every possible way, using it to further improve the work of the Komsomol organizations, better implement the decisions of the party and its own, strengthen conscious discipline, and further rally the Komsomol around the CPSU.

20. The highest principle of the Komsomol leadership is collectivity - an indispensable condition for the normal activity of Komsomol organizations, the correct education of personnel, the development of the activity and initiative of the Komsomol members. The collective nature of the management does not remove the personal responsibility of employees for the assigned work.

21. The Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Union republics, regional committees, regional committees, district committees, city committees, district committees, Komsomol committees of primary organizations in the period between congresses, conferences, reporting and election meetings systematically inform the Komsomol organizations about their work.

22. To discuss the most important decisions and develop practical measures for their implementation, as well as to consider issues of local life, meetings of the Komsomol activists of district, city, district, regional, regional and republican Komsomol organizations are convened.

23. The Komsomol, each republican, regional, regional, district, city, district, as well as primary Komsomol organizations (based on the decision of the Central Committee of the Komsomol) have the Red Banner as a symbol of honor and military solidarity of the Komsomol, united by selfless devotion to the socialist Fatherland, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ... The Komsomol instills in every member of the Komsomol loyalty and respect for the Red Banner.

A member of the Komsomol carefully keeps his Komsomol card, wears a Komsomol badge as a symbol of his belonging to the Leninist Communist Youth Union.

24. Komsomol committees, in order to increase labor and political activity, develop initiative and amateur performance of young men and women, widely use moral incentives and incentives: entry into the Book of Honor, awarding with the Komsomol Badge of Honor, other awards of the Komsomol, solemn presentation of Red Banners to the Komsomol organizations, etc. ...

III. HIGHER BODIES OF THE COMSOMOL

25. The supreme body of the All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union is the Komsomol Congress. Regular congresses are convened by the Central Committee at least once every 4 years.

The convocation of the Komsomol congress and the agenda are announced no later than a month and a half before the congress.

The norms of representation at the Komsomol congress are established by the Central Committee of the Komsomol.

26. Congress:

a) hears and approves the reports of the Central Committee of the Komsomol, the Central Auditing Commission;

b) revises, changes and approves the Charter of the Komsomol;

c) outlines the general line of work of the Komsomol and the immediate tasks of the Komsomol;

d) elects the Central Committee of the Komsomol and the Central Auditing Commission.

27. The Central Committee of the Komsomol and the Central Auditing Commission are elected in the composition established by the congress. In the event of the withdrawal of members of the Central Committee, its composition is replenished from among the candidates selected by the congress for members of the Central Committee of the Komsomol.

28. The Central Committee of the Komsomol in the intervals between congresses directs the entire work of the Komsomol, local Komsomol bodies, represents the Komsomol in state and public institutions and organizations, approves the editorial board of the central body - Komsomolskaya Pravda - and the editorial staff of other publications of the Central Committee of the Komsomol, distributes funds from the Komsomol budget and controls its execution.

29. The Central Committee of the Komsomol regularly informs the Komsomol organizations about its work.

30. The Central Auditing Commission audits the speed and correctness of the course of affairs in the central bodies of the Komsomol, the cash office and enterprises of the Central Committee of the Komsomol.

31. The plenum of the Central Committee of the Komsomol is convened at least once every 6 months.

Candidates for members of the Central Committee of the Komsomol are present at the meetings of the plenums of the Central Committee of the Komsomol with the right of an advisory vote.

32. The plenum of the Central Committee of the Komsomol to manage the entire work of the Komsomol between the plenary sessions of the Central Committee elects from among its members the Bureau of the Central Committee of the Komsomol and for the current work of an organizational and executive nature - a secretariat in the composition determined by the Central Committee of the Komsomol.

IV. REPUBLICAN, LOCAL, REGIONAL, DISTRICT,

CITY AND REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF KOMSOMOL

33. Republican, regional, regional, district, city, district Komsomol organizations and their committees work under the direction and control of the relevant party organizations, organize the implementation of decisions of the All-Union Congresses of the Lenin Communist Youth Union, the Central Committee of the Komsomol.

34. The main duties of the republican, regional, regional, district, city and district organizations of the Komsomol, their governing bodies are:

a) political and organizational work among young people, mobilizing their forces for the all-round development of industry and agriculture, for the fulfillment and overfulfillment of state plans, for the struggle for scientific and technological progress, concern for improving the material and living conditions, improving the general educational, professional and cultural technical level of youth;

b) organizing ideological, educational and cultural work among young people, raising their communist consciousness, leading the local youth press, attracting young men and women to the work of defense and sports societies;

c) educating the Komsomol cadres in the spirit of communist ideology, high responsibility for the task entrusted, adherence to principles and irreconcilability to shortcomings;

d) development of initiative and initiative of Komsomol members and organizations, attraction of all Komsomol members to public work, distribution of Komsomol budget funds in their organization, systematic information from the superior Komsomol body and reporting to it about their work.

35. The supreme body of a district, city, district, regional, regional, republican Komsomol organization is a district, city, district, regional, regional Komsomol conference or congress of the Komsomol of a union republic, and in the intervals between them - the corresponding Komsomol committee.

36. The next district, city, district, regional, regional Komsomol conference is convened by the district, city, district, regional, regional Komsomol committees at least once every 2 years.

Regular congresses of the Komsomol of the union republics are convened by the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the union republics at least once every 4 years.

The norms of representation at the Komsomol conference, the congress of the Komsomol of the union republic are established by the corresponding committees of the Komsomol.

The district, city, district, regional, regional Komsomol conference, the congress of the Komsomol of the union republic hears the reports of the Komsomol committee, the revision commission, discusses the issues of Komsomol work, elects the Komsomol committee, the revision commission and delegates to the corresponding conference, the congress of the Komsomol of the union republic, the Komsomol congress.

37. The regional, regional committee of the Komsomol, the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the union republic directs the lower organizations, checks their activities and systematically hears the reports of the district, city and district committees of the Komsomol, represents the Komsomol in state, public institutions and organizations.

Komsomol organizations of autonomous republics, as well as autonomous and other regions that are part of the territories and union republics, work under the leadership of the regional committees, the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the union republics.

38. Regional and regional committees, the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Union republics elect bureaus, including the secretaries of the committee. The secretaries of the regional committee, the regional committee, the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the union republic must have a Komsomol experience of at least three years and be members of the CPSU. Heads of departments of these committees, chairmen of councils of pioneer organizations, headquarters of the Komsomolsky Projector, editors of Komsomol newspapers and magazines are also confirmed at the plenary sessions of the committee.

Secretariats may be set up to consider current issues and verify compliance with regional committees, regional committees of the Komsomol and the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Union republics.

39. The plenum of the regional, regional committee of the Komsomol, the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the union republic is convened at least once every 4 months.

40. The district, city, district committee of the Komsomol creates primary Komsomol organizations, directs their activities, systematically hears reports on the work of the Komsomol organizations.

41. The district, city, district Komsomol committee elects a bureau, including the committee secretaries, and also approves the heads of the committee's departments, chairmen of the standing committees on various issues of Komsomol work.

Secretaries of district, city, district Komsomol committees must have a Komsomol experience of at least two years and be members or candidates for members of the CPSU.

Note: In some cases, members of the Komsomol who are not members or candidates for members of the party may be elected as second secretaries and secretaries of district committees, city committees, and district committees of the Komsomol.

42. The plenum of the district, city, district committee is convened at least once every 3 months.

V. PRIMARY ORGANIZATIONS OF KOMSOMOL

43. The basis of the Komsomol is the primary Komsomol organizations.

Primary Komsomol organizations are created at the place of work or study of Komsomol members - at factories, factories, state farms and other enterprises, collective farms, units of the Soviet Army, institutions, educational institutions, etc. if there are at least 3 members of the Komsomol.

In necessary cases, with the permission of the regional committee, the regional committee, the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the union republic, primary Komsomol organizations can be created within several enterprises that are part of the production association and are located, as a rule, on the territory of a district or several districts of one city.

44. At enterprises, collective farms, state farms, institutions, educational institutions where there are more than 20 members of the Komsomol, within the general primary Komsomol organization, by decision of the Komsomol committee, Komsomol organizations may be created in workshops, sections, brigades, departments, faculties, courses, study groups , classes with the granting of the rights of the primary organization.

45. The supreme body of the primary Komsomol organization is the Komsomol meeting, which is held at least once a month. In the Komsomol organizations that have shop, precinct, brigade, etc. organizations, and in educational institutions - class, faculty, course organizations and organizations of study groups, the general Komsomol meeting is convened at least once every two months. In the Komsomol organizations of enterprises, construction projects, institutions, educational institutions, numbering more than 300 members of the Komsomol, and in collective and state farms - more than 100 Komsomol members, the general Komsomol meeting is convened at the time established by the Komsomol committee, but at least once every 3 months.

At enterprises, collective farms, state farms, educational institutions where the convocation of general Komsomol meetings is difficult for production reasons or because of territorial disunity, Komsomol meetings in some cases can be held in shifts, workshops, sections, brigades, departments, faculties, courses.

46. ​​To conduct current work, the primary Komsomol organization elects the Komsomol committee, and the shop, brigade, faculty, course, class Komsomol organization - a bureau for a year. In large Komsomol organizations of shops, faculties, courses and other structural divisions, numbering over 500 members of the Komsomol, instead of bureaus, Komsomol committees may be elected.

In the primary, shop, brigade, faculty, course, class Komsomol organization, numbering less than 10 members of the Komsomol, the secretary of the Komsomol organization and his deputy are elected.

The quantitative composition of the Komsomol committee and bureau is determined by the general Komsomol meeting and conference.

In the primary Komsomol organizations, work is carried out, as a rule, by unreleased workers.

47. The Komsomol committees of primary Komsomol organizations, depending on their size and production characteristics, with the permission of the Komsomol Central Committee, may be granted the rights of the Komsomol district committee on admission to the Komsomol, keeping records of Komsomol members and considering the personal affairs of Komsomol members. The Komsomol committees, which have been granted the rights of the district committee of the Komsomol, can be elected for a period of 2 years.

48. The primary Komsomol organization works under the direction and control of the corresponding party organization. It works directly among young people, rallies it around the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, develops the initiative and initiative of the Komsomol in every possible way, involves them in active social work, connects the Komsomol with the broad masses of young people.

Primary Komsomol organization:

a) accepts new members in the VLKS M;

b) helps party organizations to educate Komsomol members in the spirit of selfless devotion to the Motherland, the people, the Communist Party and the cause of communism, strict adherence to the principles and norms of communist morality;

c) assists young men and women in the study of Marxist-Leninist theory, wages an irreconcilable struggle against manifestations of bourgeois ideology, educates young people in the revolutionary, combat and labor traditions of the CPSU, the Soviet people, develops in her a sense of dignity as a citizen of the Soviet country, sacred respect and filial gratitude to older generations;

d) actively participates in the life of the labor collective - the main unit of socialist society, fosters in Komsomol members and youth a communist attitude to work, to the public domain, a sense of collectivism, instills in youth the skills of managing public and state affairs, assists young men and women in fulfilling their duties, elected to the Councils of People's Deputies, governing bodies of trade union and other public organizations;

e) together with the trade unions draws young people into socialist competition for the fulfillment of state plans and obligations, mobilizes members of the Komsomol and youth to identify and better use the internal reserves of production, to widely introduce the achievements of science, technology and the experience of leading workers, to strengthen labor discipline, to steadily increase labor productivity , takes care of the preservation and increase of social wealth;

f) helps young men and women in raising the level of general education, economic and technical knowledge, in mastering culture and science, in developing abilities; together with trade union bodies and the administration takes care of improving the working conditions of young people, participates in the consideration of issues of encouraging young workers and employees, labor protection of adolescents, dismissal of young people, distribution of housing and places in hostels for them, use of funds for the development of cultural, mass and sports work;

g) actively participates in the work of sports societies and organizations, attracts Komsomol members and young people to systematic physical education and sports, to mass defense work, prepares young men for service in the ranks of the USSR Armed Forces;

h) educates the Komsomol members in the spirit of an irreconcilable attitude to shortcomings, to bureaucracy and eyewash, to mismanagement and waste;

i) conducts individual work with each young man, taking into account his character, age and interests; strengthens discipline, instills in Komsomol members a sense of high responsibility for their deeds and actions;

j) renders assistance to the district committee, city committee, district committee in all its activities and reports to it about its work.

49. Inside the shop, precinct, etc. organizations, as well as within the primary organizations of the Komsomol, Komsomol groups are created in teams, units, shifts and other production links. In the Komsomol group, a Komsomol grouporg is elected for a period of one year.

The Komsomol group helps every young person in work and study, takes care of everyday life and rest, conducts regular reports of Komsomol members on the fulfillment of instructions, fights for creating an atmosphere of friendship, mutual assistance and cohesion in the team, initiates useful deeds, actively and persistently implements the decisions of the Komsomol organs.

50. The primary Komsomol organization strives to ensure that every member of the Komsomol strictly observes the moral principles set forth in the Program of the CPSU - in the moral code of the builder of communism.

51. Komsomol organizations should in fact be active guides of Party directives in all areas of communist construction, especially where there are no primary Party organizations.

Vi. ALL-UNION PIONEER ORGANIZATION

NAME OF V.I. LENIN

52. The Komsomol, on behalf of the Communist Party, is engaged in the daily activities of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after V.I. Lenin.

The governing body of the pioneer organization is the Central Council of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after V.I. Lenin.

The Central Council is created by the Central Committee of the Komsomol and works under its leadership, in close contact with public education authorities, trade union, physical culture, creative and other organizations involved in work among children.

In republics, territories, regions, districts, cities and districts, pioneer organizations are led by republican, regional, regional, district, city, district councils of the pioneer organization, which are created and work under the leadership of the corresponding committees of the Komsomol.

53. The pioneer organization, together with the school, family and the public, educates pioneers and schoolchildren as convinced fighters for the cause of the Communist Party, instills in them a love of work, knowledge, initial skills of social activity, contributes to the formation of the young generation in the spirit of communist consciousness and morality, collectivism and comradeship, love to the Soviet Motherland, fraternal friendship of the peoples of the USSR and proletarian internationalism.

The pioneer organization works on the basis of the Regulations on the All-Union pioneer organization named after V.I. Lenin.

54. Komsomol organizations are obliged to deal with the daily work of pioneer detachments and squads, study pioneer activists, help young Leninists to build work in an interesting and meaningful way, develop amateur performance and initiative of pioneers, and strive for each pioneer to be an example in teaching and discipline.

The Komsomol bodies are called upon to show constant concern that pioneer work covers all aspects of the life of children at school and at the place of residence during extracurricular hours, together with the bodies of public education and trade unions to create all conditions for spending their reasonable and interesting leisure time, for the all-round development of technical and artistic creativity of schoolchildren, sports and tourism.

Komsomol organizations to work with pioneer squads and detachments allocate counselors and leaders of various circles from among the most prepared members of the Komsomol for this work.

55. The Central Committee of the Komsomol, the regional committees, the regional committees of the Komsomol and the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the union republics, together with the corresponding councils of the pioneer organization, publish pioneer newspapers, magazines and literature necessary for children.

Vii. KOMSOMOL ORGANIZATIONS

OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE UNION SSR

56. Komsomol organizations in the Armed Forces are guided by the Komsomol Charter, work on the basis of the instructions of the Komsomol Central Committee and the Main Political Directorate of the Soviet Army and Navy, under the direct leadership of political bodies, deputy commanders for political affairs and party organizations.

The Komsomol organizations of the Armed Forces rally young soldiers around the Communist Party, educate them in the spirit of the ideas of Marxism-Leninism, courage, courage and heroism, Soviet patriotism and proletarian internationalism, selfless devotion and constant readiness to defend the socialist homeland and the countries of the socialist community, mobilize young people for successful fulfillment of tasks of combat and political training, strengthening of military discipline, mastery of military equipment and weapons;educate members of the Komsomol and young soldiers of the traits of a person in a communist society.

57. The Komsomol organizations of the Armed Forces maintain close ties with local Komsomol organizations, help them in mass defense work and prepare young people for military service, and participate in the work of local Komsomol committees.

VIII. CASH FUNDS OF KOMSOMOL

58. The funds of the Komsomol and its organizations are made up of membership fees, income from enterprises of the Komsomol, from the publication of youth newspapers and magazines and other receipts.

59. Monthly membership fees for members of the Komsomol are set in the following amount:

Havingmonthly earnings:

Up to 50 rubles are paid 10 kopecks.

From 51 to 60 rubles - "- 30 kopecks.

From 61 to 70 rubles - "- 35 kopecks.

From 71 to 80 rubles - "- 40 kopecks.

From 81 to 90 rubles - "- 45 kopecks.

From 91 to 100 rubles - "- 50 kopecks.

From 101 to 150 rubles - "- 1.0 percent

Over 151 rubles - "- 1.5 percent.

Note: Members of the Komsomol who are simultaneously members or candidates for members of the CPSU are exempt from paying membership fees to the Komsomol.

60. Entry fees are charged upon joining the Komsomol in the amount of two percent of the monthly salary.

The Komsomol is a mass patriotic organization of Soviet youth. There are no other examples of a youth movement in history that over the years of its existence would have embraced more than 160 million people and could boast of real achievements. Civil war, five-year labor plans, heroism during the Great Patriotic War, virgin lands, Komsomol shock construction projects - all this is the Komsomol. The birth of the Komsomol is not an act imposed from above, it is the unification of the energy and heat of the hearts of young people who dream of being useful to their Motherland.

Background

VI Lenin was the initiator and ideologist of the organizational completion of attempts to create numerous youth groups. And they were created even before the revolution. At first, youth primary organizations were formed within the party and united workers and students. It was the student body that was the most revolutionary class of that time. During the period of the Dual Power (February-October 1917), when history could turn towards both the bourgeois and the socialist systems, N.K.Krupskaya and V.I. Lenin developed a program of revolutionary youth associations.

In large cities, organizations were created that became the basis for creating a structure of an all-Russian scale. For example, the SSRM (Union of Socialist Working Youth) in Petrograd, which is bringing the Komsomol's birthday closer.

Congress of Workers 'and Peasants' Youth

At the height of the Civil War (1918), the first congress of delegates from scattered youth organizations across the country took place in Moscow. 176 people came from everywhere: from territories captured by the White Guards, as well as by the German army (Ukraine, Poland); from the breakaway Finland and the self-proclaimed Baltic republics, as well as from Vladivostok occupied by Japan. They were united by the desire to create a new power based on the principles of justice. The opening day of the congress (October 29) will go down in history as the birthday of the Komsomol, which brought together more than 22 thousand people.

The adopted charter and program of the All-Russian organization stated that it was independent, but that it was acting under the leadership of the Communist Party, which determined its ideological orientation. The main speaker was Lazar Abramovich Shatskin, the author of the program. His name is little known in the country, because in years he will be shot for accusations of Trotskyism. Like many other first secretaries of the Central Committee, who headed the organization up to

RKSM symbols

The lists of delegates to the first congress have not been preserved even in the archives. In the future, the task arose of identifying belonging to an organization that bore the name of the RKSM (Russian Communist Youth Union). Since 1919, Komsomol tickets have appeared. In the conditions of the civil war, during which the Central Committee announced three mobilizations, they were kept and protected at the cost of their lives. The first badges appeared a little later. Their release, at first in insufficient numbers, was handled by the Komsomol itself. The birth of the Komsomol was immortalized with four letters of the RKSM against the background of a flag with a star. Badges were also awarded to the best representatives of the organization.

Since 1922, a new uniform form has been approved with the abbreviation KIM, meaning youth. The form will change even in 1947, acquiring its final form only in 1956. It will already be presented to all joining the ranks of the organization along with a Komsomol card.

The tasks of the Komsomol

In 1920, the Civil War was still going on, but it became clear that the Red Army was winning. This posed serious tasks for the Bolshevik Party to restore the destroyed economy, create the country's energy base and build a new society. The state needed competent personnel, therefore 2.10. 1920 at the next (III) Congress of the Komsomol, V.I. Lenin, who defined the mission of the newly created organization: to learn communism. It already numbered 482 thousand people.

In the year of the birth of the Komsomol, it was important to win, but now it was necessary to form the generation that was to live in different social conditions. The military front was to be replaced by the labor front. The grandiose accomplishments in the pre-war years became possible thanks to the participation of young workers in collectivization, Komsomol construction projects, patronage over universal education, the movement of thousands of people (who fulfilled the plan by 1000%) and obtaining higher professional education (workers' faculties). Many Western analysts believed that the success of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War became possible thanks to the education of a person of a new formation, who put the interests of the country above personal, in which the Komsomol succeeded.

The birth of the Komsomol: the name of V.I. Lenin

In January 1924, the country was shocked by the news of the death of V. I. Lenin, the leader of the world proletariat and the leader of the country. In the summer of the same year, a congress (VI) of the RKSM was held, at which the issue of assigning the name of V.I. Lenin to the Komsomol was decided. The appeal spoke of a firm determination to live, fight and work in the Leninist way. His little book "The tasks of youth unions" became a table for every member of the Komsomol.

The birthday of the Leninist Komsomol (12.07) added the letter "L" to the abbreviation of the organization's name, and over the next two years it was referred to as the RLKSM.

The status of the all-union organization

The date is 12/30/1922, when four republics became part of the union state: the RSFSR, the Byelorussian SSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Transcaucasian SFSR. The status of the All-Union Komsomol organization received in 1926 at the 7th Congress. The birthday of the Komsomol of the USSR is March 11, while the Komsomol of all union republics was preserved. This structure existed until the Komsomol was alive. The birth of the Komsomol in 1918 ended with its self-dissolution in September 1991, which is associated with the collapse of the Union. Despite the emergence of organizations that consider themselves the successors of the Komsomol - the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, the RKSM, the RKSM (b), such a mass structure in the history of the country no longer exists. In 1977, its members were 36 million people, almost the entire population of the country from 14 to 28 years old.