For quite a long time in the vegetable markets, and in most supermarkets, you can observe an unusual type of vegetable. This peculiar and unique vegetable is Brussels sprouts. In terms of the number of useful vitamins contained in it, it is in no way inferior to ordinary white cabbage, and in terms of taste it is in many ways superior to it. In addition, this is a very unusual and beautiful plant, which looks especially unusual during the formation of forks. What is this culture and how to grow Brussels sprouts at home?

General information

In fact, Brussels sprouts are one of the varieties of white cabbage and belong to the species This is a cultivated plant, therefore, it is simply impossible to meet it in the wild. An unusual vegetable was bred in Belgium and named after Brussels farmers.

Cabbage received general recognition first in Western Europe, Canada and the United States. In Russia, however, popularity came to it only in the middle of the 19th century. In our country, it is cultivated in limited quantities in the central regions. This vegetable is so frost-resistant that it gets along in almost any climatic conditions.

Description and appearance of cabbage

This vegetable crop is a biennial plant. Brussels sprouts grow (how to grow outdoors, we will consider later) in an extremely unusual way. First, a thick stem 30-100 centimeters high grows, in rare cases the stem can reach a larger size. Large green leaves are located throughout the stem. It is also considered normal if dark green spots with a purple tint form on the leaves. A small rosette of leaves forms at the top of the stem. In autumn, small forks of cabbage form near each leaf. The diameter of each reaches from 2 to 5 centimeters. The fruits can be located very rarely, or they can and, conversely, stick around the entire stem. Up to 70 forks can grow on one stem. In the second year of its flowering, the plant does not produce fruits, but forms flowers with small brown seeds. Brussels sprout seeds can remain viable for no more than 5 years. Cabbage is able to withstand frosts down to -10 degrees, which makes it the most frost-resistant among all species. Also, this type of cabbage is one of the longest growing species. The ripening period lasts from 120 to 180 days, which is why this species is more convenient to grow through seedlings.

How to grow Brussels sprouts from seeds

The very first question that a gardener who decides to grow this crop asks: how and when to plant it? How to grow Brussels sprouts in the garden? The seeds of this plant begin to grow already at a temperature of +2 degrees. It is best to grow seedlings in early April. It is desirable to do this in a heated greenhouse. If this is not available, then a glazed balcony is perfect for this. The most optimal environment for sowing is high humidity, as well as a temperature of +3 or +4 degrees at night. Sprouts begin to appear on the fifth day.

So how do you grow Brussels sprouts from seed? Before sowing, the seeds must be well warmed up in water for 15 minutes. Recommended water temperature - no more than 50 degrees. Then they are dipped in cold water for 1 minute. Next, the seeds are kept for 12 hours in a solution rich in trace elements, then washed in running water and placed in a refrigerator for a day. After that, the seeds should be dried and you can start planting. In order for the seedlings to be strong, you need to sow the seeds at a distance of at least 5 centimeters from each other, and the planting depth should be no more than 2 centimeters. After one true leaf appears on the seedlings, the plants dive, and then transplanted into separate boxes. Further, the seedlings should grow from 35 to 60 days. Then it is transplanted into open ground. Usually, by this time, 4 to 7 leaves grow on each stem. If you're planning to grow Brussels sprouts in your backyard, it's important to properly prepare the soil.

The soil

Cabbage loves cultivated and nutrient-rich soils; in putrefactive soils, seedlings will give poor germination. Exactly therefore, before growing Brussels sprouts in the open field, in the spring before planting, the soil must be fertilized. It is best to use ammonium nitrate or urea for these purposes. The concentration is about 20 g per 1 m. A sunny place is best suited for planting, as cabbage does not like shade. It is recommended to plant plants in two rows, quite far from each other. The best distance between plants is at least 50 cm.

How to care for Brussels sprouts

When considering how to grow Brussels sprouts, it is important to familiarize yourself with the features of care. Two weeks after planting the plants in the beds, it is recommended to carry out the first top dressing with mineral fertilizers. Under one stem, it is recommended to apply 1-2 liters of fertilizer.

The second top dressing is carried out when forks form on the stems. Cabbage must be watered abundantly. This culture needs abundant watering especially during the formation of small forks. In order to prevent pests from attacking the cabbage, it is recommended to sprinkle the ground with ash once a week after loosening. To make the cabbage crop richer, the upper rosettes should be cut off. It is best to do this one and a half months before the harvest ripens. Consider further how to grow Brussels sprouts so that they are not attacked by pests.

observe crop rotation;
treat seeds before sowing (the method was described above);
compliance with all the rules for caring for cabbage.

Harvesting

Cabbage picking is recommended to start in late September or early October. It is not necessary to cut all the forks. The crop is harvested as it ripens. Ripe cabbage has a rich green color and reaches a diameter of 3 centimeters. The mass of one fork can reach from 10 to 15 grams.

There is another way to harvest: the fully ripened forks are cut along with the stem, then placed in wet sand and removed in a dark place. In this form, cabbage can be stored for up to 4 months. Cut forks are best used immediately or frozen. A scientifically proven fact - frozen Brussels sprouts do not lose their nutritional value.

Varieties of cabbage varieties

Considering the technology of how to grow Brussels sprouts, it is worth dwelling on the most popular varieties. They can be divided into three types:

early cabbage (Cassio, Dolmik, Rosello (Germany), Franklin, Rudnev, Isabella);
mid-season cabbage (Boxer, Perfection (Russia), Hercules, Risen);
late cabbage (Gruniger (Germany), Ketskill (USA), Curl).

The harm and benefits of cabbage

Brussels sprouts are a storehouse of beneficial vitamins and minerals. It is rich in vitamins of groups B, PP, C, E, protein, and also contains a huge amount of amino acids and enzymes, folic acid and fiber. By the amount of vitamin C, cabbage is many times ahead of blackcurrant. And riboflavin in it contains exactly as much as in natural cow's milk.

Cabbage is a dietary and hypoallergenic product, so it can be safely given to young children, as well as to the elderly. Due to the high content of folic acid, the vegetable can also be eaten by expectant mothers. Brussels sprout juice has a diuretic and choleretic effect. It also has anti-inflammatory, expectorant, immunostimulating effects. Cabbage helps fight excess weight, enhances intestinal motility, and also relieves heartburn. The prepared cabbage broth is in no way inferior to chicken broth in properties.

Brussels sprouts are not recommended for people with weakened pancreatic function, as there is a high risk of developing hypothyroidism. In people suffering from Crohn's disease, as well as gastrointestinal diseases, cabbage can cause bloating.

Nutritional value of Brussels sprouts

Calorie content of Brussels sprouts - 35 kcal.

Nutritional value per 100 g: proteins - 4.8 g; fats - 0.3 g; carbohydrates - 3.1 g.

The use of cabbage in cooking

Cabbage is prepared quickly and easily. Forks are most often used whole for soups, side dishes and second courses. Vegetables can be boiled, fried, stewed. At the same time, it will not lose its taste properties. The unusual shape and small size of the cabbage give chefs plenty of options for decorating different side dishes and dishes. Of course, it is best and healthier to eat raw cabbage, but if the taste seems unusual, then you can resort to heat treatment or frying.

In order for the color of the forks to remain as bright as when raw, it is recommended to fry it over high heat without covering it with a lid. When choosing cabbage in the store, it is recommended to pay attention to its upper leaves. As a rule, they should be bright green in color, with no dark spots on the leaves and stems. The stem should be light in color and clean. If the upper leaves on the cabbage turn yellow, such a product is not recommended to be eaten. It is best to choose cabbage forks of medium size, with a diameter of about 3 cm. They should be dense and shiny, usually these are the most delicious and juicy. Larger sprouts may be bitter.

So, we examined the cultivation of Brussels sprouts, care, varieties. As already mentioned above, with a competent approach to business and strict observance of all instructions, a crop can be planted on your site. The process will not require any large costs, but the result of the work done in the form of a useful harvest will clearly please.

Brussels sprouts are a biennial plant of an unusual type (there is something exotic in it, resembling a palm tree) with a growth period of about six months in the first summer it forms cabbages used in cooking along a thick stem, and in the second it works for seeds. This vegetable crop is demanding on light, loves moisture, and tolerates temperature drops very well. It continues the growing season with cooling down to 5-8 C and even short-term frosts.

The article gives the characteristics of the plant, describes the cultivation of Brussels sprouts in the open field, and gives the main agricultural practices.

Brussels sprouts: cultivation and care depend on the climate

The climate of our country is quite difficult for the cultivation of certain crops. Unlike Europe with the Gulf Stream and mild winters extending the growing season for many vegetables, cultivation of Brussels sprouts in the Urals limited seasonally and severe temperature fluctuations. Too early transshipment into the ground is not justified, because. under the influence of strong return frosts, the most hardened Brussels sprouts die. Her cultivation in Siberia relevant only through seedlings planted at almost two months of age in the first 15 days of May.

Growing Brussels sprouts in the Moscow region has its own characteristics: it is necessary to choose early or early-middle varieties that have time to give the harvest for the season, and phased collection of heads of cabbage to coincide with mid-October. For example, the well-known variety "Hercules 1342" is Brussels sprouts zoned for this area. Genuine gardening enthusiasts are engaged in its cultivation and care in the Moscow region, striving to place most of the famous garden plants in their summer cottage.

Brussels sprout varieties

A little more than a dozen varieties of this vegetable are listed in the State Register of Russia. To understand which variety is best to plant, you should study the proposed range.

Brussels sprouts Hercules growing

Brussels sprouts Hercules. The cultivation of a well-known domestic variety is due to its external and taste characteristics. A late-ripening variety with a cone-shaped stem, on which oval cabbages are strung, does not go beyond the boundaries of medium growth. Small heads of cabbage are great for cooking, homemade preparations (pickling, freezing, canning with other vegetables). However, it is less popular than the Hercules 1342 variant, which gives a higher yield and is immune to cabbage diseases.

Brussels sprouts Rosella cultivation

Brussels sprouts Rosella. medium-early variety, bred by German breeders, capable of almost completely releasing the crop at the same time, makes it indispensable for gardeners who do not "live" in the beds and are content with rare arrivals. Like any other Brussels sprouts, Rosella is useful when growing and caring for adult plants according to the rules of agricultural technology, it contains a fair amount of vitamin C and folic acid. In case of violation of agricultural practices - excessive fertilizing with nitrogen-containing fertilizers - it is capable of accumulating harmful nitrates.

Brussels sprouts sapphire growing

Brussels sprouts Sapphire. Growing a late variety in a summer cottage, requiring more than 200 days to ripen the crop, is possible only in areas with early spring and long autumn. However, its amazing taste compensates for the labor costs of gardeners to transfer plants to greenhouses for growing with the onset of a steady cold snap. And if there is a desire to try cabbage heads with excellent taste, it can be planted in the middle lane.

Brussels sprouts Casio cultivation

Brussels sprouts Casio. Growing a variety of medium height and maturity, decorated with a blue-green top, guarantees a large number of good-tasting sprouts on each plant. A bountiful harvest is an excellent opportunity to plant this particular variety of Czech selection, which is tasty both fresh and thermally processed. This variety has a slight nutty note that adds interesting flavors to green salads.

You saw Brussels sprouts in the photo: we will consider the cultivation of different varieties below (in principle, agricultural technology is the same for all varieties).

Growing Brussels sprouts from seed to harvest

If you used to plant a beauty in your garden, then you can handle the Brussels one. In addition to new experience when planting an interesting plant, to collect a decent harvest, and not waste time fighting cabbage diseases and pests, you should learn a few simple rules. One of them is the obligatory observance of the process of crop rotation (shift of plantings). It is possible to return any kind of cabbage to where it grew in 4-5 years. The annual use of one corner of the garden for cabbage crops will lead to soil depletion, the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria and viruses, and as a result, an outbreak of diseases, poor plant growth, and small crops.

Basic Rules:

Seeds should be sown at the end of March., you can in containers on the windowsill or in a greenhouse.
Agrotechnics for growing seedlings is simple: rare abundant watering, protection from pests (it is necessary to process in a timely manner, since the cruciferous flea is capable of destroying all seedlings in a day). It is best to play it safe by pickling the seeds before sowing with a special compound (for example, "Prestige" - 1 cube per half liter of water). Next, we simply thin out the plants so that they do not stretch out. Picking is not required!
You can plant in the ground already at a seedling height of 10 cm. She will already have 4-5 true leaves, by this time the roots are quite developed.

How to impress your neighbors in the country with a good harvest of Brussels sprouts? The agrotechnics of growing this species is similar to the white head:

Well-drained, deeply cultivated land is needed, the best option is loam types.
When planting, unrotted organic fertilizers should be excluded, and then watering with fermented herbal infusion, because. with a direct hit of fresh organic matter, cabbage is able to accumulate a large amount of nitrates.
During the growing season, if the soil was well prepared in advance, you can do without top dressing at all, or arrange “nutritional days”. A decade after planting the seedlings, it is worth applying nitrogen fertilizers, and when tying heads of cabbage, focus on the phosphorus and potassium necessary during this period. Experts recommend using only mineral fertilizers.

growing brussels sprouts from seed when to plant

Brussels sprouts outdoor cultivation and care

The longest ripening cabbage is Brussels sprouts. Growing seedlings from seeds is the only way to get results in our weather conditions.

You can sow as early as the end of March, as soon as the soil ripens, cabbage is not afraid of frost and survives cold snaps, frosts down to -3 ° C.
A depth of 1 cm is enough, the distance between rows is 10-12 cm.
Pour generously and cover with foil. Shoots appear in about 7-10 days.
It is important to protect the seeds by dressing them against cruciferous flea or by sprinkling the drug directly into the rows.
Further care is quite simple: water once a week, and weed the weeds.
As soon as the seedlings have risen a little, break through the dense crops, leaving 1 plant per 5 cm.

Brussels sprouts are sown in rows for seedlings

With a plant height of 10-15 cm, they are planted in holes in a permanent place. Before planting, it is advisable to spill the hole with water and sprinkle a couple of guests with loose humus.

Growing seedlings of Brussels sprouts at home

Since almost half a year passes from planting, the appearance of the first shoots to ripening and the moment of harvesting, this kind of cabbage is sown with seeds and through seedlings. To get a strong, strong seedling material, you must:

choose the best variety that meets the gardener's preferences in terms of parameters: ripening period, taste, size range, leaf color palette (this criterion is important when creating an ornamental garden)
mix the soil substrate from non-acidic peat, humus, earth, sand and wood ash (it must be sifted). Garden soil is less suitable for seedlings of Brussels sprouts. Its cultivation on garden soil without additional disinfection (calcination) can lead to rot of immature seedlings, the spread of diseases among seedlings, and then to crop loss.
follow the general rules for planting all cabbage species, observe the necessary distances (5 cm per seedling in diameter) and sowing depth (1 cm).
provide the desired mode of watering and light: if the temperature in the apartment is quite enough for the development of cabbage, then the light must be provided to the maximum. Light day should be at least 12 hours, and the illumination should be intense. Therefore, choose window sills on the sunny side. We water rarely, but plentifully. Do not forget about drainage: there must be holes in the bottom of our container.
maintain the required temperature: during the day we keep the seedlings warm on the windowsill, at night we send the beauty to the glazed loggia. So the necessary regime will be observed, and the plants will be hardened.
fertilize with a fertilizer solution. It is better to use liquid fertilizer diluted with water in the proportion intended for seedlings. This information is usually indicated on the packages.

Brussels sprouts are very easy to grow at home.

How do the moon phases affect the planting of Brussels sprouts when grown from seeds? When to plant seeds for seedlings? Any vegetables with a ground edible part are recommended to be planted on a “growing” moon. The optimal period is the end of March, the first decade of April. A light, loose substrate is laid out in separate peat containers. The earth is slightly compacted, 3-4 seeds are planted in a hole at a short distance, sprinkled with a layer of earth up to 2 cm. When sprouts appear, one should observe their development, then cut off or pinch off the less successful ones near the surface of the earth, leaving one for further growth. Do not pull the stems out of the soil - this will damage the root system of the selected specimen.

Brussels sprouts: growing and care. Photos of plants in different periods of the growing season

Brussels sprouts are planted in rows at a distance of 40-50 cm in a row, 60-70 cm between rows.

Growing seedlings of Brussels sprouts involves maintaining a low temperature regime, which is problematic in a warm apartment. It is all the more difficult to provide a significant decrease in temperature at night. Experts recommend placing racks with seedling boxes on glazed loggias, where the air is optimally cool. If necessary, it is convenient to throw non-woven material on rigid structures so as not to “freeze” delicate sprouts. The best temperature for Brussels sprouts, its seedlings when growing is from 12-15 during the day to 8-10 at night.

But the planted seedlings of Brussels sprouts have grown a little

Plants prepared for planting at the age of 30-45 days (when they release 4-7 true leaves) are determined in the soil. When transshipping seedlings, it is necessary to compact the soil near the stems of the plant in order to prevent it from turning out of the ground.

Brussels sprouts, growing them outdoors, are a garden experiment when you want to try something different than the traditional white cabbage. It is suitable for summer residents who are not going to cultivate a vegetable on an industrial scale.

Growing Brussels sprouts from seed to harvest is no different than growing white cabbage.

In a small area, it is easy to maintain cleanliness, remove weeds, water, feed if necessary, spray pests with infusions of bitter pepper, garlic, tomato tops. To preserve the moisture and looseness of the earth, a layer of mulching materials should be laid out under the plants (mowed dried grass, large leaves, you can lay broken-out side leaves of the cabbage itself). At the initial stages of cabbage development, treatments with strong preparations are acceptable, which will have time to go through a period of decay before ripening.

Brussels sprouts: the secrets of growing are simple

Watch the video tutorial on growing Brussels sprouts outdoors:

Brussels sprouts: the secrets of growing

This favorite of European chefs, a culture with an extended harvest period, allows you to cook dishes from a freshly harvested vegetable for several months. To get a result that you can be proud of, growing Brussels sprouts at home should be carried out with the knowledge of some subtleties:

This variety has a strong, voluminous root system, so it requires enough space around it. With compacted beds, shading gives a much smaller yield, develops worse. Therefore, a step of 60-70 cm between specimens will be better to withstand if you have enough land. If a small area is allocated for this type of cabbage, it is better to plant several plants selected according to varietal characteristics and get a decent result than trying to fit two dozen sprouts on one meter that will only be suitable for composting.
Successfully develops after root crops (carrots, potatoes), loves green manure, onions, legumes in its predecessors.
Brussels sprouts should not be planted where any cruciferous family grew last summer.
The soil must be dug deep in the fall with the obligatory addition of fertilizers, ash and lime, and then easily processed in the spring. Liming is worth it, since the “Brussels guest” loves calcium, and the process itself deoxidizes the soil, increases the percentage of absorption of potassium and phosphorus, and increases the effect of fertilizers.
The vegetable does not need hilling. The maximum that may be required is a slight loosening of the soil, because. even at the base of the stem, small cabbage heads are poured.
In late varieties, after calculating the 30-day period before harvesting, pinch the growing point, cut off the top leaves to speed up ripening.

Features of growing Brussels sprouts, its collection and storage:

advanced gardeners, especially in areas with constant winds, install supports to prevent the vegetable from falling over
if the leaves framing the place where the buds are attached begin to turn yellowish, and the fruitlets themselves become covered with a pronounced wax coating - you can celebrate the victory, it's time to harvest.
the crop is harvested selectively, starting with the largest lower sprouts, ensuring further growth and nutrition of the upper sprouts
do not delay the harvesting too much, wait until the sprouts become too large - the bitterness that appears will reduce the pleasure of taste
at the end of the season, the top leaves are removed, the Brussels sprouts are cut down. They can be stored without picking the heads, wrapped in plastic wrap at a temperature close to 1 C for another couple of months.
plants dug out together with roots in autumn can be transplanted for growing in a greenhouse, because. successfully vegetate at low temperatures. In this way, it is easy to extend the fruiting period and get healthy cabbage for a few more weeks.

We offer you to learn the tricks and secrets of growing Brussels sprouts from the video review:

For this, she said goodbye to her after a short acquaintance.

Greenhouse features for Brussels sprouts

For Brussels sprouts, growing seedlings is similar to late-ripening white cabbage. Seeds are sown in greenhouses or under film shelter in early April, in early May, 30-35-day-old seedlings with 4-6 true leaves are planted in the ground, according to the scheme 60x60 or 70x70 cm. , mid-season, high-yielding (1.8-2.0 kg / m2), forms up to 60-70 heads of cabbage, high palatability; Biennial vegetable plant. In the first year of vegetation, it forms a thickened stem 20-60 cm, sometimes up to 1 m in height. Leaves with thin petioles 15-30 cm long, green or gray-green with a waxy coating, with smooth or slightly curved edges. In the axils on shortened stems, sprouts 3-4 cm in diameter are formed, 20-60 pcs each. on one plant. In the second year, it blooms with yellowish flowers and forms seed pods, small, spherical, black or dark brown. 1 g contains up to 300 seeds, germination lasts 5 years.

- Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. Gemmifera), belongs to the cabbage family, one of the types of leafy cabbage.

Brussels sprouts are a rare vegetable in Russian gardens. There are not many lovers who grow it on their plots. Meanwhile, growing "Brussels" is not at all difficult not only in the south, but also in central Russia.

Before sowing cabbage for seedlings, gardeners are determined with the method of growing seedlings (with and without subsequent picking). During the use of the method of growing seedlings with subsequent picking, the boxes are filled with a mixture for sowing. The optimal height of the box is 5 cm. The soil is well moistened, divided into grooves. The depth of each of the grooves is approximately 1 cm. The sowing of seeds is carried out in increments (the distance between the planting material) of 1.5 cm. After sowing, the seeds are sprinkled with soil, which is then slightly compacted.

Brussels sprout care

Kohlrabi are planted at the age of 35 days.

Seeds are carefully sorted out, selecting only healthy, high-quality material for planting.

The transparency of the greenhouse can be disturbed by moisture condensation, which forms when it comes into contact with the coating. At the same time, Brussels sprouts can suffer from a lack of sunlight and excessive moisture, and it will be difficult to grow healthy plants. It is recommended to use two layers of film, which helps to keep warm, as well as regularly ventilate the greenhouse.

Brussels sprouts are usually grown in seedlings. To grow as many healthy and strong seedlings as possible, you must use a greenhouse or semi-dark greenhouse. Sowing seeds is carried out from the end of March to mid-April, but it is better to start sowing Brussels sprouts as early as mid-March. Pots with a fertile structural soil mixture are well suited for this. In open ground, seedlings are planted at the end of May. If the seeds are sown in boxes, then the distance between plants should be 3-4 cm, and between the grooves - at least 6 cm. The boxes are placed in a closed greenhouse with a temperature of at least 15 degrees. Shoots are formed already for 4-5 days. At first, they do not need to be watered. When the seedlings of Brussels sprouts have the first leaves, it can be dived.

Brussels sprouts are the longest growing.

Care has much in common with other types of cabbage. The plant is moisture-loving, but thanks to a powerful root system, it is easier for other cabbage representatives to tolerate a lack of water. Requires top dressing, the first - 10 days after planting in the ground, the second - at the beginning of the formation of the crop. Feed with a solution of complex mineral or organic fertilizer, 1-2 liters per plant. An excess of nitrogen causes an increase in the vegetative mass, while the formation is delayed and the quality of sprouts deteriorates, nitrates accumulate.

German Rosella

It is a bud mutation of kale, appeared in Belgium presumably in the 16th century, from where it came to other European countries. First described by Carl Linnaeus, who introduced the name "Brussels sprouts". The photo shows that in appearance it is very different from the rest of the plants of the family. Fully ripened cabbage heads are used for food. The vegetable is popular in Western Europe, especially in England, France, Holland. It has been known in Russia since the 19th century, but due to the cold climate it has not received distribution, and is currently cultivated infrequently, mainly in the non-chernozem zone.

Origin

ParnikiTeplicy.com

How and when are different types of cabbage planted?

What is the reason for the failure to grow Brussels sprouts? Cabbage is a very demanding crop for light and temperature. Therefore, if the optimal temperature regime (+20 degrees) is provided for the sown seeds, seedlings will appear very quickly - literally 4 days after sowing.

Preparing cabbage seeds for sowing

Savoy cabbage seedlings - from 35 to 50 days.

After sorting, it is necessary to disinfect the seeds. To do this, they are placed for 15 (but not more than 20) minutes in very warm water (+50 C), and then cooled sharply in cold water (2 minutes, no more).
The area of the ventilation openings should be 18-25% of the total area of the structure. To increase the efficiency of air exchange, the openings in the greenhouse should be located in the direction of the prevailing winds, which will provide the best care for the plants.
In order for the cabbage crop to be large and healthy, its seedlings must be grown in a greenhouse or a semi-dark greenhouse.

Seedlings must be grown at the same time as the early white cabbage,

Care features include pinching the top of the stem or removing the top rosette a month and a half before harvesting, which helps to accelerate the ripening of the crop. Also, this species does not require hilling, since the first sprouts are formed at the base of the stem.

, early, with a yield of 1.1-1.7 kg / m2, friendly ripening;

When to sow cabbage for seedlings, depending on the type?

Kachanchiki contain up to 17.5% dry matter, up to 5.5% protein, about 6% sugars, 1.2-1.7% fiber. The presence of protein and more than a dozen amino acids determine the nutritional value of Brussels sprouts. The beneficial properties of the vegetable are also caused by the presence of vitamins C, PP, B1, B5, B6, B9, potassium, magnesium, sodium, calcium, iron and iodine salts.

– Belgium.
Many people try to grow "Brussels" like ordinary white cabbage and use the same methods. But there is one essential difference, without which success is impossible. Sowing seeds and planting seedlings on the ridges have their own specific time frame. Brussels sprouts have a longer development period. From the time of sowing seeds to the day of harvesting, 155-165 days pass. Only modern varieties have a slightly shorter development period, 140-150 days.
But after the emergence of shoots, the container is transferred to a cooler room, the air temperature in which becomes no more than +10 degrees. At this temperature, the seedlings can withstand 7 days. Such measures are taken in order to prevent seedlings from stretching.
Given these features, on which planting depends, it is possible to calculate when to sow the plant for seedlings. In the middle lane, these are approximately the following terms:
At the end of this procedure, the seeds are dried to flowability (but not overdrying them).

Various devices help maintain a favorable microclimate in greenhouses. These can be containers with pebbles, gravel or any other material that can accumulate heat on sunny days and then give it away. You can also use water containers. During the day, the water takes in the sun's heat and prevents the air from overheating, and at night it keeps the air warm. But such painstaking care for Brussels sprouts is practically not needed. Brussels sprouts have a long growing season, allowing them to be grown well into the cold. Harvesting can begin in late October or early November.

When to plant cabbage for seedlings, and how to grow seedlings?

soil

When should I sow Brussels sprout seeds for seedlings?

When the seedlings reach the age of 14 days, they are transplanted into individual containers. But these containers must be chosen correctly. So, early ripe varieties dive in containers 8x8 cm in size. And for picking late varieties, you can use containers 6x6 cm in size. After picking, the containers are placed in a room with a temperature regime of 18 degrees for several days. And then the air temperature is again lowered to +14 during the daytime and to +12 at night. This is called the seedling hardening process. If all the steps were performed correctly, the cabbage seedlings will not stretch out, they will be hardened, healthy and of high quality for planting in the ground in the garden. This method is often used for forcing cauliflower.

Seeds of early white and red cabbage, as well as hybrid varieties, are sown from March 10 to March 25. But the middle and late varieties of these types of cabbage are sown for seedlings from April 10 to April 15.

Such measures are carried out only with seeds of white, cauliflower and other types of cabbage only of our own production. Most gardeners prefer to buy planting material in the store. Purchased seeds do not need to be warmed up before planting, as this type of processing is carried out by the manufacturer.

Growing cabbage involves constant watering and maintaining moisture.

To grow Brussels sprouts, you can build both a glass greenhouse and a film greenhouse using no means of heating other than solar heat. It is necessary to choose its location correctly.

Grow on a windowsill

Organic-rich beds are suitable for growing Brussels sprouts. Brussels sprouts are the record holder among vegetables for the content of phosphorus, potassium, and iron. (

, a late variety of Czech selection, very productive (2.4 kg / m2), frost-resistant, forms 30-35 heads;

Salts of potassium, magnesium, calcium and iron determine the benefits of Brussels sprouts for the cardiovascular system, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, improve the functioning of the heart muscle, and help with arrhythmias and hypertension.

- neutral or slightly acidic, loamy, well fertilized.

Seedlings are grown for about 35-40 days. So, the seeds must be sown in early March. Any delays and omissions with the timing of sowing seeds will reduce the success of growing "Brussels".

LetovSadu.ru

If the seedlings stretched out during forcing and look weak, but the temperature regime was observed correctly, the reason for this may be too thick sowing of seeds, or not enough daylight.

Broccoli and cauliflower seeds are sown in several crops, between which an interval of 15-20 days is observed. The first sowing is carried out in mid-March, and the last one at the end of May.

To increase the germination rate, as well as the frost resistance of plants, the seeds are soaked in a light solution of potassium permanganate immediately before planting. The container with the seeds soaked in it is placed in the refrigerator (or taken out into the street) so that the ambient temperature is within 1-2 C. At this temperature, the planting material is kept for about a day.

Brussels sprouts should be watered properly in the morning. With the advent of several leaves, watering can be increased. The frames in the greenhouse are opened first during the day, and then, when it gets warmer, and at night. Do this a few days before picking cabbage seedlings. Before sampling, seedlings should be watered especially carefully. Ready seedlings of Brussels sprouts should have 3-4 leaves and a well-developed root system. Brussels sprouts need to be grown under constant watering conditions so as not to reduce the yield. It is very moisture-loving and demanding on soil fertility. It is useless to grow it on poor soils, as the buds ripen late or do not ripen at all. Also, Brussels sprouts cannot be grown in fresh manure. Cabbage in such soil immediately becomes sick with clubroot and dies.

The greenhouse should be placed in a site that is protected from the wind and lit as much as possible by the sun in order to facilitate plant care. The transparent side of the shed greenhouse should be in the south, and the double-slope and arched - in the east and west. In addition, a shed greenhouse must be closed from the wind from the north side. Cabbage cultivation can be done behind such excellent cover as green bushes or a fence.

Quality seedlings of any cabbage are rare.

discussion of the features of growing vegetable crops

Rudnef

KakProsto.ru

Growing Brussels sprouts | Grow a garden!

Growing Brussels sprouts in the garden

The vegetable contains a lot of glucosylates, which give a bitter taste to sprouts, they prevent the growth of damaged and mutating cells in the body, which means they prevent the development of cancer. The plant promotes the healing of damaged tissues, in addition, it has a beneficial effect on the pancreas.

Watering

What are the features in growing seedlings? If you decide to plant cabbage for seedlings in a no-dive method, for this purpose not previously prepared soil is used, but special peat tablets. Some gardeners use special cassette containers for this purpose, in each individual container of which 2 seeds are sown. The conditions and temperature conditions in this case are observed, as in the dive method of distillation.

Planting material for Brussels sprouts is sown from April 15 to April 30. To date, there are so-called inlaid (painted) seeds on sale. These seeds are a little more expensive than usual, because they have already undergone full pre-planting preparation. They are sown dry in pre-prepared soil.

The agricultural technique of Brussels sprouts is similar to the agricultural technique of white medium varieties, but Brussels sprouts are more demanding on growing conditions. Seedlings are planted on the 50-60th day according to the 70x40 scheme. When the buds reach a size of 1 cm, pinch the tops of the plants. Brussels sprouts are very cold hardy. Some of its varieties tolerate light frosts, but do not withstand piercing winds. Therefore, for its cultivation, always choose a site protected from the wind. Caring for Brussels sprouts implies an abundance of light, as the plant slows down its growth at the slightest shading. Seedlings for planting should have 3-4 petals for further fruit development.

Not enough light, air humidity.)

, early, high-yielding, resistant to low temperatures, stored for a long time on the stem, excellent taste. In addition to numerous useful properties, Brussels sprouts are low in calories (100 g contains only 35 kcal), therefore it is widely used in dietary nutrition for obesity , diabetes, cardiovascular diseases.

- moisture-loving. Brussels sprouts are sensitive to any transplant. When growing seedlings, it is important to preserve the root ball and not injure it. Therefore, it is better to sow the seeds immediately in cassettes or pots, bypassing the pick. By the time of planting on the beds, the seedlings have from 4 to 6 leaves. It should be tempered the day before (within 10-12 days). Brussels is planted in the beds in the last week of April or in early May.

Description of Brussels sprouts

During the cultivation of white, cauliflower, and other types of cabbage, it is important to control the degree of moisture in the substrate. After all, if the soil is not sufficiently moistened, then the seedlings will significantly slow down their growth. And with excessive watering, the roots can rot, which can lead to the death of seedlings.

In order to get an early harvest of kohlrabi, seeds for seedlings must be sown between March 10 and 20. Planting material of this type of cabbage can be sown in several stages, the last of which is the end of June. If all the conditions are chosen correctly, then the seeds can be sown in open ground.

Benefits of Brussels sprouts

Sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings, as well as planting seedlings in the soil, is carried out in a period that depends on the climatic conditions of the region and on the specific type of cabbage. The age of seedlings, completely ready for planting in the ground, is different for each of the species. At this stage, it is important to do the right thing:

A prerequisite for growing Brussels sprouts is mulching. In September, the tops of the plants are removed to enhance the growth of the buds. With this approach, the frost resistance of cabbage is reduced. When using fertilizers, it should be borne in mind that a lack of nitrogen leads to yellowing of the foliage, and an abundance of mineral fertilizers makes the buds loose and unsuitable for eating. To stop the leaves from turning yellow, you can add a small amount of horn flour to the soil. Also, the agricultural technology of Brussels sprouts implies the presence of a special net that protects plants from pests, for example, from cabbage flies.

It is difficult to create the correct temperature regime.

I grow Brussels sprouts every year. I like her very much. I sow seedlings in a polycarbonate greenhouse in mid-April, at the same time I sow both white and color. When planting seedlings in the holes, I pour ash. Normal care - the first time on dry days I give watering. And in mid-August, I break off the tops so that the cabbages form. I remove it from the garden last. Good luck to you!

There are a number of hybrids, fruitful, characterized by friendly maturation. These are mid-late Boxer F1 and early Dolmik F1 from the Netherlands, mid-early Frigate F1, Explorer F1.

Common varieties of Brussels sprouts are hercules and others.

Predecessors

There are a number of modern varieties on the market:

Brussels sprouts are very different from the white cabbage family. She is not afraid of spring frosts and frosts down to -6-7 ° C are not terrible for her. Seedlings are planted on beds, in open ground, in mid-May. Do not be afraid of possible frosts.

For early Savoy cabbage, sowing seeds for seedlings is carried out in the second decade of March. For mid-season varieties of this cabbage, the sowing period is mid-April. Late-ripening varieties of Savoy cabbage are sown in early April. Seedlings of early white and red cabbage, as well as hybrid varieties, are planted in open ground at the age of 45 to 60 days. Seedlings of late varieties are planted at the age of 35 days.

Cabbage is one of the few crops whose different varieties are characterized by different ripening periods. The greenhouse is laid already in March-April. At the same time, it is desirable to use energetically valuable compost from organic waste or rotted manure, in other words, biological fuel. It is transferred to a loose stack with holes filled with hot water. The earlier the greenhouse is laid, the higher the compost layer should be, which is a necessary condition for the successful cultivation of cabbage. The height of the layer can be 40-70 cm. The compost is sprinkled with wood ash on top, covered with an opaque film and left for three days. Then peat or sawdust soil is covered and the surface is leveled with a rake. After that, mineral fertilizers are added, the amount of which depends on the presence / absence of nutrients in the soil and on the crop that is planned to be grown.

I plant all cabbages for seedlings in April, in a container from under the refrigerator. And Brussels including. I planted, seedlings can be planted in early April, they grow like any cabbage, only small cabbages begin to form late in the summer, closer to September. This is normal. Perhaps more early-ripening varieties appeared, but nevertheless, I still had them formed and there were a lot. The main difficulty is the fight against cabbage white caterpillars.

The plant is cold-resistant, the seeds germinate at 2-3 ° C, adult specimens withstand frosts down to -8-10 ° C. It has a long growing season, it develops better in conditions of low temperatures and a long warm autumn. The optimum temperature is considered to be about 20-22 ° C. Since it is difficult to grow Brussels sprouts at temperatures above 25 ° C, as the yield and product quality decrease, in England and Holland the vegetable is often cultivated in winter.

Agricultural practices for growing Brussels sprouts

On the territory of Russia, the culture has a limited distribution, the number of cultivated varieties is small.

- legumes, potatoes, tomatoes, onions, root crops.

Brussels sprouts were bred from the leaf at the beginning of the 19th century and are widely distributed in many countries of Western Europe. It appeared in Russia in the middle of the 19th century.

Properly grown cabbage seedlings perfectly withstand temperature drops down to -5 degrees.

To get high-quality seedlings from seeds and a good harvest, you need to choose the right soil for planting. Cabbage is one of the few garden crops that is very demanding on the composition of the soil. So, the soil for sowing seeds must necessarily be light and loose, so one of its main components is peat. As for the optimal composition of the substrate, then the opinions of gardeners are divided. Most gardeners prefer to prepare a substrate of 75% peat, 20% sod land and 5% coarse sand. However, in order to properly prepare the soil according to this formula, the proportions must be strictly observed.

Broccoli seedlings are planted at the age of 35 to 45 days.

That is why gardeners, in order to get a good harvest of this crop, need to know when to plant cabbage for seedlings and strictly follow the rules and terms for sowing seeds and planting seedlings in open ground.

Brussels sprouts are a rather cold-blooded plant. I can only say that at home we do not grow seedlings of just any cabbage: it sprouts, but for some reason it grows very poorly, so for several years now we have been sowing in a greenhouse in the garden on April 20, on a distance of 3-4 cm from each other and there it grows very quickly, we feed it during growth, then at the end of May or the beginning of June we already plant it in open ground and everything grows successfully. Its most important feature is that it grows all season ,

vyrastisad.ru

Has anyone grown Brussels sprouts? when to plant seedlings? Need advice on care.

Love

A plot for planting Brussels sprouts has been prepared since autumn. The soil is dug up, mineral fertilizers are applied (superphosphate, 20-30 g, potassium sulfate 15-20 g), 5-8 kg of compost per 1 m2, lime if necessary. Organic fertilizers are used in autumn, fresh manure is used for previous crops. They grow in one place for 2-3 years, after which, in order to avoid the accumulation of pests and pathogens in the soil, they return to their original place after 3-4 years. In the spring, 20-25 g / m2 of urea or ammonium nitrate are added to the ridges.

Olga Borisovna

The most famous variety of domestic selection, used in the country since 1950, is Brussels sprout Hercules. Late-ripening, 40-60 cm tall, forms 20-30 medium loose heads. Resistant to low temperatures, yield (0.4-0.6 kg/m2), significantly inferior to modern varieties. Currently grown variety Hercules 1342.

Zhanna S

Landing
This variety of an extensive family of cabbage plants in the axils of the leaves forms small heads of cabbage 2-5 cm in size. On one stem there are from 30 to 70 pieces with a total weight of 300-800 g. The height of the stem can be from 30 cm to 1 m and above. What are the benefits of growing Brussels sprouts? A good harvest can be obtained on light and medium loams with good soil filling with organic matter. This cabbage does not like acidic soils. After reading that Brussels sprouts are recommended to be placed after onions, legumes, potatoes, cucumbers, beets and tomatoes, I found a free place where I grew beets in the previous season. And although in the spring the “first harvest” at this place was seedlings of white cabbage, I ventured to plant “Brussels”, but filled the holes with humus - a bucket for 3-4 holes. Like all types of cabbage, Brussels sprouts seedlings are ready for planting in a permanent place at the age of 35-45 days. Since my seedlings grew very sparse, I was in no hurry with transplanting. The place for her was ready by June 15, and it so happened that she planted 60-day-old seedlings. The plants had already begun to rise up and had 8-9 leaves. When I transplant my seedlings, I try to take a larger earthen lump around the root so that the root system suffers less during this procedure. At the same time, seedlings are less sick than when planting plants bought on the market (they usually have bare roots). And although the cabbage lowers the leaves down during the day, in the evening they cheerfully rush to the sky. I made the holes in two rows according to the scheme 70x60 cm on a flat surface. But you can plant Brussels sprouts on the ridges and ridges, as excess moisture can lead to rotting of the emerging cabbages. However, this cabbage tolerates short-term drought painlessly, as a powerful root system helps the plant to “wait out” the heat. When planting, I deepen the seedlings a little, tearing off 1-2 lower leaves. Subsequently, I do not spud the plants, but only loosen and feed them. After the transplant, she watered the cabbage with the Fitosporin solution, and two weeks later, when the plants clearly started to grow, she fed the Kemira-Lux complex fertilizer. By the beginning of September, in well-developed plants, pinched the apical bud to stop the growth of the stem. This obligatory reception "spurs" the formation of buds from the buds in the axils of the leaves. In this phase of growth, Brussels sprouts are demanding for an increased content of phosphorus and potassium, which improve the density of the resulting fruits. In 10 liters of water, you need to dissolve 25-30 g of superphosphate, potassium sulfate and pour (after watering) a liter of liquid fertilizer under each plant. For top dressing, you can also use mullein, bird droppings, diluted with water 8-10 times. When harvesting, it should be borne in mind that the taste of sprouts intensifies after slight frosts. The lower cabbages are removed first, and the upper ones are left to ripen.
Holes for planting bushes are placed at a distance of 40 cm from each other. Immediately before planting, approximately 1 liter of ordinary water is poured into each hole. Planting cabbage seedlings is carried out directly in the dirt formed in the hole. A young seedling is sprinkled with dry soil to the level of the lower leaf and compacted a little. This technique will protect the roots of the plant from possible loss of moisture, and also prevent the formation of an earthen crust around a young plant.

Brussels sprouts do not develop a head from the apical bud, but they do develop many small heads in the axils of the leaves.

The plant forms a stem with a height of 20 to 60 cm, on which long-leaved spreading leaves grow. On the stem in the axils of the leaves, large buds are formed - sprouts - oval in shape, weighing 8-19 g each. In total, from 20 to 70 heads of cabbage are formed on the plant, slightly larger than a walnut. In traditional varieties, sprouts do not form on plants at the same time, so they can be harvested gradually, over several months. Up to 0.5-1 kg of heads are removed from each plant.

Brussels sprouts are a cold-resistant vegetable crop that can tolerate short-term frosts down to -5...7°C. From the emergence of seedlings to the formation of the crop, it takes from 130 to 150 days.

Nutritional value of Brussels sprouts

Brussels sprouts are a delicious dietary dish, they contain a significant amount of easily digestible proteins (up to 6-7 mg%), carotene, ascorbic acid (up to 160 mg%), vitamins B1 and B2, PP, carbohydrates, fiber, enzymes, minerals and other biologically active substances. Brussels sprouts contain several times more protein, ascorbic acid, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus than other types of cabbage. This explains its high taste and nutritional value.

Heads of cabbage are used whole, not cut into pieces, for cooking cabbage soup or second courses - they can be boiled, stewed with butter or meat.

Unwanted Items

Many varieties of Brussels sprouts contain significant amounts of isothiocyanates.

Brussels sprouts can accumulate the highest amount of nitrates of all cabbages (up to 3500 mg/kg, with a maximum allowable concentration of 300 mg/kg).

In general, the reason for the appearance of nitrates is the imbalance of mineral nutrition, which inhibits the biosynthesis of complex organic nitrogen-containing compounds.

The accumulation of nitrates in cabbage occurs:

1) in low light;

2) during dry periods;

3) when alternating drought with floods of water;

4) with a lack of potash fertilizers;

5) when the dose of potassium exceeds the dose of phosphorus;

6) on acidic soils (pH below 5).

Varietal characteristics also influence the accumulation of nitrates.

Growing Brussels sprouts

Accommodation

Brussels sprouts are usually planted in an open but wind-sheltered area. It is desirable that it be sunny and only slightly shaded. The soil must be well compacted so that plants that reach a height of 1 m or more are securely anchored. On light soils, they are lightly hilled to form additional supporting roots. Supports are used to better secure plants in open areas.

Well-moistened areas are suitable for Brussels sprouts, even low, cold, unsuitable for many other crops. The soils are loamy, moisture-intensive, rich in humus. The optimal acidity is neutral or slightly acidic (up to pH = 6.0). The best predecessors are potatoes, beets, carrots. Predecessors - vegetable crops, except cruciferous.

Preparing the soil for growing Brussels sprouts

Autumn tillage is reduced to harvesting the residues after the previous crop, light loosening, and after 10-15 days - deep digging of the soil.

Fresh manure should not be applied under Brussels sprouts, which causes active leaf growth and the formation of loose heads of cabbage; excess nitrogen causes her disease (the appearance of rusty spots). But Brussels sprouts require more phosphorus and magnesium than other sprouts. Organic fertilizers on poor and medium soils are applied in the form of humus in the spring along with mineral fertilizers.

For 1 sq. m contribute 40-50 g of superphosphate, 30-40 g of ammonium nitrate and 30-40 g of potassium sulfate. Organic fertilizers are applied in the form of humus on poor or medium fertility soils at a dose of up to 5-6 kg per 1 sq. m ridge in the spring, along with the entire annual norm of phosphorus and half the dose of nitrogen and potassium. The rest of the fertilizer is given in top dressing.

Brussels sprouts grow well in fertile soil. In late autumn, the earth is well manured and dug to a great depth. In May, and a week before planting, the site is dug up again, introducing a complete mineral fertilizer (60-70 g / sq. M), and watered with a solution of potassium permanganate (1-5 g per 10 liters of water, 3-4 liters per sq. m.). m).

Growing seedlings of Brussels sprouts

For cultivation in open ground without shelter, Brussels sprouts are sown in a room at the end of March with a landing on the ridges in late April - early May (at the age of 35-45 days). When growing seedlings in a pot, the ripening time is reduced by one to two weeks, and the heads of cabbage are larger. Cabbage is a light-loving plant, and with a lack of light, the seedlings are strongly stretched and the stem is weakened. Therefore, it is necessary to sow seeds for seedlings, taking into account the possibility of providing sufficient lighting at a temperature not higher than + 18 ... 20 ° C. If it is difficult to achieve such conditions at home, then an early variety of Brussels sprouts can be sown under film on April 10-15 in a well-lit, heated place.

The optimum temperature for germination of cabbage seeds is +16...18 °С, for seedling growth +14...18 °С during the day and +8...10 °С at night.

Seeds are sown to a depth of 2-2.5 cm. Before sowing, the seeds must be heated for 20 minutes with hot water (+50 ° C), cooled in cold water and placed in a solution of trace elements. Seed disinfection helps prevent many seed-borne cruciferous diseases.

Seedlings in the phase of well-developed cotyledons are thinned out at a distance of 4-6 cm from each other or dive at a distance of 7x7 cm. One stronger plant is left in the pot, and the second is removed.

To increase growth, anti-stress activity, as well as disease resistance, 10 days after sowing and 5 days before planting seedlings in a permanent place, the soil is treated with a 0.015% sodium humate solution.

Seedlings are fed 2 times: once in the phase of 2-3 true leaves and the second time in April, 3-5 days before planting in the ground. For top dressing, 15 g of urea, 30 g of superphosphate and 30 g of potassium chloride are diluted in 10 liters of water. For one plant at the first feeding use 150 ml (three quarters of a glass).

7-10 days before planting seedlings in open ground, it is hardened, i.e. withstand in more severe conditions: increase ventilation, reduce temperature, reduce watering.

When and how to plant seedlings of Brussels sprouts

Seedlings are planted in the ground in late April - May. Plants are placed freely on the plot, at a distance of 90 cm between plants and between rows. If you want to get cabbage heads of the same size with simultaneous ripening, they are planted more often - after 75 cm. Plants are planted so that the first leaf is at the level of the soil.

On the eve of planting, seedlings are watered abundantly to minimize root damage. Before planting seedlings, it is recommended to dip the roots in a clay mash (1 part clay per 1.5 parts water), preferably with the addition of root formation stimulants (Heteroauxin, Kornevin), 0.3-0.4% Fitolavin-300 solution to protect against black leg and bacterioses.

Chalk and a handful of humus are added to the planting wells, the wells are watered with a suspension of the Nemabakt biological product to combat the cabbage fly.

Each plant is planted in a hole to the cotyledon leaves, tightly compressing the roots with soil. To protect against cabbage flies around the stems of young plants, “collars” made of plastic wrap or thick cardboard are laid.

Under each plant pour 0.5-1 l of water. An hour or two after watering, the surface of the soil is sprinkled with dry earth.

To scare away the cabbage fly, the next day after planting the cabbage, the soil around the plants within a radius of 4-5 cm is sprinkled with tobacco dust or its mixture with freshly slaked lime or ash (1: 1). For 1 sq. m spend 20 g of this mixture.

plant care

When grown on light soils or open areas, the plants are lightly hilled. The aisles are regularly loosened to kill weeds. Brussels sprouts do not need frequent watering, except during dry periods. Foliar top dressing (spraying the leaves with a solution of potash fertilizer -30 g per sq. M) is carried out three weeks after planting.

You can remove the top of the stem in late July - early August to limit its growth and stimulate the formation of larger heads of cabbage.

Brussels sprout pest and disease control

It is necessary to systematically inspect the leaves and the base during the laying of eggs (whiteflies lay eggs on the back of the leaf, and scoops - at the base of the root) and manually destroy the oviposition.

Microbiological preparations can help in the fight against leaf-eating pests of cabbage. Good results are obtained by the use of Entobacterin (1-3 g per 10 sq. m). The drug is effective at air temperatures below +18...20°C. Another microbiological preparation, Bitoxibacillin, is widely used on cabbage in the fight against cabbage moth, turnip and cabbage whites, cabbage and other types of scoop. For spraying 10 sq. m plantings, it is enough to dilute 0.5 g of powder or 1 tablet in 1 liter of water. Most of the population of cabbage moths and other leaf-eating pests on cabbage is suppressed by a mixture of two microbiological preparations - Lepidocide with Entomophtorin. Against the cabbage moth, you can use the mushroom preparation Boverin.

Harvesting Brussels sprouts

Before the completion of the formation of heads of cabbage - 2-3 weeks before harvesting - the tops of the plants are removed. This accelerates the growth of heads of cabbage, increases their density and uniformity, and increases productivity. It is only necessary to accurately calculate the time of pruning, since premature removal of the top will lead to the appearance of side shoots, and belatedly will delay the formation of heads.

Harvesting should begin when the sprouts, having reached the size characteristic of the variety, acquire a specific sheen, and the leaves begin to turn yellow and fall off. Harvesting can be carried out in 2-3 steps, first breaking out larger heads of cabbage, and then smaller ones.

Brussels sprout storage

In late autumn, the entire plant can be uprooted, the leaves cut, and plants planted close together in storage. In this state, sprouts will be stored for a long time and will be fresh until the end of December.

Heads of cabbage with a stem can be stored for up to two months in plastic bags at a temperature of 0 to -15 ° C and an air humidity of 90%. Without a stem, sprouts wither quickly.

Growing Brussels sprouts

For production in late autumn, Brussels sprouts are grown in cellars or greenhouses.

Growth is based on the ability of a number of vegetable plants to form productive organs at the expense of reserves deposited in the leaves. If Brussels sprouts with small cabbages are transferred to a basement or greenhouse in autumn and dug into well-moistened soil, then at a temperature of +3 ... Cabbage heads are formed due to the nutrients accumulated in the stem and leaves. The weight of sprouts increases 1.5 times, the content of vitamin C increases in approximately the same way, the content of sugar and nitrogenous substances increases.

Brussels sprouts are a versatile vegetable native to Brussels. Small, crispy, fortified heads, savory in taste, contain a lot of easily digestible protein, reminiscent of chicken in properties.

Characteristics and properties

Brussels sprouts belong to the leaf subspecies, a biennial plant, cruciferous family. In appearance, cabbage is a long stem and a fluffy top. Small (up to 5 cm) heads are formed on the stem from twisted cabbage leaves with a corrugated surface.

Heads of cabbage are a good dietary product, there is a lot of potassium, which is why they are recommended for use in diseases of the cardiovascular system. High content of iodine, magnesium, calcium, iron and vitamins.

It has an anti-inflammatory, tonic effect in atherosclerosis, diabetes, inflammatory processes in the bile ducts and liver.

It can be used as a separate dish or in soups, stews, as a side dish.

Early hybrid varieties: "Franklin F1" and "Hercules". Ripening period 130 - 140 days. The height of the stem is up to 60 cm, the yield per bush is up to 40 heads of cabbage with a total weight of up to 400 g.

Mid-season varieties: "Diablo F1" and "Casio". Terms of achievement of a commodity maturity of 155 - 170 days. Casio has an ovoid shape of blue-green heads, with a diameter of up to 3 cm, a head of cabbage weighs up to 12 g.

Late-ripening varieties: "Boxer F1" and "Curl" with a ripening period of 170 days. The height of the bush is up to 90 cm, the average heads are up to 5 cm, the weight of one is up to 15 g, the total number is up to 40 heads.

Site organization and soil preparation

It is preferable to choose a lit area. The soil is best rich in nutrients loamy or sandy-loamy, but can be planted on less fertilized weed-free soils. The soil reaction is slightly acidic. High acidity of the soil is diluted with lime.

The site is being prepared in autumn. When digging, organic and mineral (potash and phosphorus-containing) fertilizers are applied.

In spring, the soil is loosened, fertilized with urea. The beds are formed on moist soil.

Brussels sprouts have a long growing season, which makes it possible to grow other early-ripening vegetables in its aisle.

predecessors

Good predecessors will be vegetables, herbs, legumes.

Sowing terms

Sown either in a greenhouse from April to May, or immediately in open ground.

Sowing and caring for seedlings

For seedlings, seeds of Brussels sprouts are sown in late March or early April. Seeds are planted to a depth of 1 cm. At the stage of formation of one true leaf, seedlings should be dived with seating in peat-mucking cups.

Seedlings are kept in moist soil with constant ventilation and top dressing.

Two weeks before landing on the site, hardening can be carried out with a gradual increase in the length of stay in the open air.

Landing in the ground

Planted in open ground for 45 - 60 days in the phase of 5 - 6 leaves. Landing pattern 60x60 cm.

Brussels sprouts need regular row spacing and watering. It is better to do this with well water.

Heads will form in the axils of the leaves. In some varieties, their number can reach up to 70 pieces. The top of the cabbage should be cut off when the heads of the bottom row have reached the size of a pea. So you can stop the growth of the plant in height and direct all the energy to the formation of heads.

Hilling should be carried out in autumn and, if necessary, tying up tall unstable bushes.

Cabbage tolerates frost well. It is noticed that the taste of Brussels sprouts after a short frost improves, it becomes more fragrant.

top dressing

With poor soil in the summer, up to four fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers can be carried out. In the second half of the growing season, it is worth adding superphosphate. Then they are fed with combined complex fertilizers.

The lack of phosphorus and potassium in the soil can lead to the fact that heads of cabbage will not be tied.

Good results are obtained by watering with an aqueous solution of fermented nettles.

Pests

Brussels sprouts are sick, as well as cabbage, but the cabbage fly does not touch it because of the mustard oils it contains.

From caterpillars and aphids, cabbage whites and moths, insecticides are used.

Young cabbage heads attract birds, so care must be taken to scare them away.

Avoid soil oxidation, which will inevitably lead to keel disease.

Harvesting

The crop is harvested as the heads of cabbage ripen. Collection begins at the bottom of the bush, gradually cutting off larger specimens. They should be plucked along with the stem, so you can keep the heads longer.

The first harvest is usually harvested in early October and continues until late autumn.

After the onset of a period of stable frosts, the bush is cut down at the root, the leaves and top are removed and the stem with heads of cabbage is brought into the cellar.

When frozen, heads of cabbage retain their taste and can be stored for a long time.

If you do not cut off the heads, the next year shoots form from them and the bush will bloom.

Brussels sprouts growing at home

Brussels sprouts: growing and care.

In early September, as soon as the lower heads are the size of a pea, experienced farmers break off the tops of the plants and remove the leaves so that the cabbage gives all its strength to the heads of cabbage, and not to the stem stretching up.

The benefits and harms of Brussels sprouts have long been studied by nutritionists. The data obtained allow us to assert that this variety of vegetables can be safely used for organizing a healthy family diet, and environmentally friendly fruits can be obtained on your own plot.

Growing temperature

One carrot.

Three weeks before harvest, the tops of each bush are pinched, rosette leaves are cut off. Decapitation will allow you to get larger heads of cabbage, since all the growth force is directed to the final development of the fruit.

For the growth of seedlings, a temperature of 18-20 degrees is required. The first sprouts appear on the 3-4th day. In some conditions, this will take a little longer.

Soil preparation

Dallik

This was the reason that it began to be grown all over the world. Due to the unpretentiousness of the culture, each gardener can get a good harvest on his own plot. But, for this you need to know how Brussels sprouts are grown in the open field.

To grow Brussels sprouts, you can build both a glass greenhouse and a film greenhouse using no means of heating other than solar heat. It is necessary to choose its location correctly.
Brussels sprouts require the same nutrition as regular white cabbage. But excessive fertilizer makes her cabbages loose, greatly impairing the taste. With sufficient compost, additional fertilizers are usually not required.
If seedlings of Brussels sprouts are planted in the place where legumes, cucumbers or tomatoes were previously placed, then fertilizers can be omitted - in the event that a sufficient amount of organic matter was introduced under these crops.
Brussels sprouts are not yet a frequent guest in our gardens. Many are alarmed by its unusual appearance, not too similar to other varieties of cabbage. Meanwhile, its elegant little cabbages have high taste and nutritional qualities and in many countries are considered an exquisite delicacy of the autumn and winter period. And the frost resistance of most varieties allows you to get vegetables rich in vitamins directly from the garden for a long time.

If organic fertilizers were ideal before planting in open soil, then it is better to feed the crops with minerals every week, apply nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers.

You should not use this vegetable for people with gastrointestinal diseases, especially with increased acidity and weakened peristalsis.

Freshly cooked minced pork - 400 grams. To reduce calories, you should take a mixture of ground beef and pork.

Joint plantings

When a waxy sheen is visible on the cabbage, and the leaves at its base begin to turn yellow and crumble, you can start harvesting. The fruits can be harvested at a time when all the stems are cut or in stages, sequentially removing cabbage heads from the bottom of the bushes.

For the growth and formation of seedlings, the temperature regime is changed to 15-18 degrees. You can achieve such conditions by placing a box with seedlings on a non-solar windowsill.

Growing seedlings

"- hybrid mid-late cabbage. Breeders managed to get high resistance to keel. Subject to the growing conditions in the Moscow region, you can get an excellent harvest.

Among all varieties of sprouts, it is Brussels sprouts that are distinguished by the maximum content of dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. Ripe inflorescences contain up to 5% protein (which is comparable to legumes), more than a dozen amino acids, without which the normal functioning of the body is impossible.

Like other types of cabbage, Brussels sprouts require regular watering and loosening. Promotes growth and mulching the soil under the heads with any organic materials.
Brussels sprouts grow quite slowly - the growing season lasts from 140 to 160 days, depending on the variety and weather conditions. Therefore, gardeners often grow cucumbers, early tomatoes, lettuce and other vegetables in its aisles. Like other types of cabbage, it grows without problems next to carrots, beans, spinach, beets, peas, beans, celery and rhubarb. When planted together, it occupies a row, 45 to 50 cm wide, with the same distance between individual plants. But he doesn’t like neighborhoods with potatoes and onions.
In the first year of its life, Brussels sprouts produce a thickened stem, the height of which can be from 0.2 to 0.6 meters. On the stem on long petioles are leaves with a bubbly surface of different shades of green. In the leaf axils on the stem, more than fifty small heads of cabbage grow, resembling immature walnuts, up to 4 cm in diameter. They are used for food - for making soups, side dishes, canning and pickling.

The cabbage stalk is tied to a support.

By following these recommendations, you can not only grow a great crop, but also keep it well and cook it deliciously. Share this useful article with your friends on social networks, and don't forget to subscribe to blog updates so you don't miss any new posts.
Spices, salt - to taste. The composition of spices is selected based on your own preferences.
If necessary, you can resort to growing technology. Cabbage is planted in well-moistened grooves in the greenhouse or in special boxes in the basement (at a temperature of 3-6 degrees).

Watering - moderate, the soil should not be too wet or dry. It is recommended to monitor the condition of the soil layer every two days, especially if the weather is hot and sultry outside.

If you pay attention to the vitamin composition, the main components are ascorbic and nicotinic acid. The concentration of vitamin C reaches 150 mg, PP - 98 mg, which exceeds the identical indicators of white cabbage. Inflorescences are rich in phosphorus, potassium, iron and magnesium.

Seedlings for planting should have 3-4 petals, for the further development of fruits.

Harvest and storage

At the stage when the sprouts begin to compact, it is recommended to pinch the top kidney to improve the quality of the crop. And in the first days of September, the top is often cut at all, directing all growth forces to the speedy formation of heads of cabbage. But, when performing this operation, it must be remembered that frost resistance after it decreases slightly.

Beans and beans protect this type of cabbage from aphids, and celery - from cabbage fleas and white caterpillars.

In the second year, like all types of cabbage, it blooms to produce seeds that remain viable for five years.

Brussels sprout varieties

If your place of residence is characterized by sudden changes in temperature (especially during the hot season), sow seedlings at different times, this will help you choose the optimal temperature regime for a good harvest.

Although Brussels sprouts rank among the cabbage varieties, they are very different from other varieties in both taste and appearance, as well as the requirements for growing them. Its main difference from relatives is the presence of a large number (up to 70 pieces) of small heads of cabbage.

Vegetable oil - the ingredient is required for frying.

How to store the harvest? If rearing is implemented, heads of cabbage are perfectly preserved directly on the stems. If they are cut with a cutting, they are placed raw in a dark, cool place, such as a cellar. To do this, they are buried in the sand. The optimal indicators of the microclimate are humidity 90%, temperature not higher than 0 degrees.

Planting is carried out after about 4-7 full leaves appear on the bushes. The optimal time is in mid-May, early June. Take care of the choice of site should be in the fall. This should be a separate, well-lit place, where deep digging was carried out, mineral fertilizers were applied. Based on 1 sq. m of land use:

Growing Brussels sprouts

Hercules

The specific taste and aroma is due to the content of mustard oil. A vegetable crop, a photo of which can be found in any culinary publication, is recognized as a valuable dietary product that can be used in clinical nutrition, including for people with serious systemic disorders.

Greenhouse features for Brussels sprouts

The interior of the greenhouse is painted white to reduce solar heat absorption and to provide the best possible care for the Brussels sprouts. Since the white color effectively reflects the light of the sun, the air in the greenhouse is heated as much as possible. Growing seedlings in such a greenhouse is easy and convenient. Heat-insulating materials in the construction are used at the joints of frames and transoms in the form of strips, for example, roofing felt, to prevent cold air from entering from outside. Such agricultural technology helps to grow cabbage without diseases and pests. Heads of cabbage in the axils of the leaves begin to form at the end of August. But the main cutting of ready-made cabbages usually falls on the beginning of October. Standard they should be dense and green. Since ripening does not occur simultaneously, the harvest has to be divided into several stages. It is best to store the collected heads of cabbage frozen, defrosting them just before use. Approximately 150 days pass from the emergence of seedlings to the readiness of heads of cabbage for harvesting. Such a long growing season of this type of cabbage requires cultivation through seedlings. Experts call the beginning of April the most convenient time for sowing it in the middle lane.

The plant is extremely cold hardy. Seeds begin to grow already at two degrees above zero. And adult specimens can easily withstand frosts down to minus 10 ° C, after which they thaw and continue to grow. There is an opinion that frost even benefits them, helping to improve the taste of cabbages.

Select seeds for planting carefully. Not suitable are too light (empty inside), small or damaged, as well as seeds without a glossy sheen. This will allow you to grow high-quality seedlings.

Brussels sprouts are considered a real delicacy and one of the healthiest vegetables; they contain potassium and magnesium, a complete vegetable protein, lots of iron and a number of vitamins.

Brussels sprout care

Onions and carrots, chopped on a grater, are sautéed for no more than 10 minutes in a moderate amount of vegetable oil. Cabbage inflorescences are lowered into brackish boiling water for 5-7 minutes. Minced meat is kneaded with spices, salt, meatballs are formed from it.

In a conventional refrigerator, a vegetable is stored for about 30-45 days, for which it is placed in a perforated bag. However, freezing is considered the best method. First, the inflorescences are kept in cold water for about 15 minutes, then in boiling water - 3 minutes. The cooled heads are laid out in packaging bags and placed in the freezer.

no more than 6 kg of peat compost,

" - a late-ripening variety resistant to pests and diseases. With proper care, mature inflorescences look like golf balls.

The maximum benefit can be derived from fruits grown on your own plot. Such vegetables are environmentally friendly and can be stored for a long period without chemical treatment.

The greenhouse is laid already in March-April. At the same time, it is desirable to use energetically valuable compost from organic waste or rotted manure, in other words, biological fuel. It is transferred to a loose stack with holes filled with hot water. The earlier the greenhouse is laid, the higher the compost layer should be, which is a necessary condition for the successful cultivation of cabbage. The height of the layer can be 40-70 cm. The compost is sprinkled with wood ash on top, covered with an opaque film and left for three days. Then peat or sawdust soil is covered and the surface is leveled with a rake. After that, mineral fertilizers are added, the amount of which depends on the presence / absence of nutrients in the soil and on the crop that is planned to be grown.

By the beginning of November, the cabbage is harvested as a whole, with a stem, cut down at the beginning of the root neck. Cut with the stem, it can be kept fresh for up to two months if placed in a plastic bag and kept in a cool room at a temperature of 0 - 1.5 ° C with an air humidity of about 90%.

You can grow seedlings at home, and in a heated greenhouse, and on a glazed loggia or balcony. The main thing is that at night it is possible to provide 5 - 6 ° C above zero, and during the day - from 15 to 18 ° C. And, of course, sufficient lighting. You can also sow under glass - three seeds per pot, about 8 cm in diameter.

The optimum temperature for growing Brussels sprouts is between +18 and +22 °C. Already at +25 ° C, the formation of the plant begins to linger, which certainly affects the quality of the crop. That is why climatic zones with a long and warm autumn are considered the best for it. In some European countries, such as the Netherlands, this cabbage can be grown outdoors even in winter.

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Beneficial features

This is a biennial plant, in the first year of its life a thick tall stem (up to a meter) and large leaves with curved edges are formed. The heads themselves are small, about 3 cm in diameter, up to 60 pieces per plant. For personal use, about 10 bushes are usually planted; this is enough for a small family. In addition, cabbage cannot be stored for a long time without special conditions. In the second year, the plant is covered with yellow flowers and forms small pods with dark seeds, whose life span is up to 5 years.

Meat balls are laid out on the sautéed vegetables and fried until cooked with occasional stirring. At the end, cabbage is added to the pan, the container is covered with a lid. The dish is left to simmer for 5 minutes, after which it is served under soy-sour cream sauce with herbs and garlic.

Brussels sprouts are a relatively young crop. This plant grows successfully in most of the country. Optimal conditions are created with moderate humidity and air temperature.

40 grams of superphosphate and ammonium nitrate,

Popular varieties of Brussels sprouts

Harvest can be obtained after the first year of cultivation. From 30 to 90 inflorescences weighing 8-20 grams are collected from one copy. In the future, the cabbage is covered with shoots that bloom and produce seeds. Their collection and subsequent use for seedlings contributes to the annual harvest of their own crop.

By external characteristics, the culture is easy to distinguish due to the method of growth. Its stem stretches upward, reaching a meter height. Heads are formed in the axils of the leaves on the stem, growing up to 7 cm in diameter (but more often 3-4 cm).

Brussels sprouts are quite cold-blooded plants. The period of consumption of fresh products can be extended by digging plants in the basement right with the roots. Due to those nutrients that are stored in the leaves and stems, under favorable conditions, the formation of sprouts will continue. Seedlings are fed twice. The first time when forming the second sheet. The second - days through 7 - 10 after the first. For the first time in 10 liters dissolve:
In the central zone of the European part of Russia, this type of cabbage is recommended to be sown in the region of the second and third weeks of April, choosing well-lit and sun-warmed areas and covering with foil. Seedlings are planted in the beds in the first days of June, but no later than the tenth. Brussels sprouts were bred by Belgian breeders. This new variety immediately became very popular in European countries. Small heads have a great nutty taste and high nutritional value, so they are in high demand. If you ensure proper cultivation and care, Brussels sprouts can bring a good income. This amazing plant is considered one of the most unpretentious among its family, it can withstand temperatures down to minus 10 degrees. Most often, Brussels sprouts are grown from seedlings. it grows for quite a long time about 5-6 months.
The essence of this dish is the minimum number of calories and an amazing richness of taste. In the summer, it gives saturation without heaviness in the stomach, which is optimal in hot, sultry weather. The bushes are extremely cold-resistant - they are able to withstand short-term frosts and even frosts, down to -10 degrees. At the same time, too high temperatures contribute to a delay in the development of the plant and a deterioration in the quality characteristics of the crop. 20 grams of potassium chloride.
Cultivation is possible only if all conditions are met. This is a photophilous plant that loves moderate watering. In dry weather, irrigation intensity should be plentiful. Cultivation of this group of plants in open ground begins with the choice of variety. In the conditions of the Russian climate, the following varieties are widely used: Care for young seedlings is very important. Brussels sprouts need to be properly watered and aired regularly to prevent blackleg. Agricultural technology involves feeding plants once or twice. The first feeding is carried out when the second leaf is formed on the seedlings. To do this, 20 g of urea, 10 g of superphosphate and 10 g of potassium fertilizers are diluted in 10 liters of water. After 10 days, you can make another top dressing. In this case, the dose of fertilizers must be increased by one and a half times. To prevent the plants from stretching out, it is necessary to monitor the temperature in the greenhouse. To grow cabbage, it should not be very hot.

The most common varieties of Brussels sprouts are Hercules 1342, Ground Gribovskaya, Diabolo, Boxer and Hercules low. As well as an early hybrid Franklin F1, which has a ripening period of about 130 days.

growing conditions

- urea - 4 g;

Brussels sprouts can grow in any soil, even slightly acidic soils, although this increases the risk of clubroot disease. But to get a good harvest, you need a structural, organic-rich, dense, but breathable earth. On a poor and poorly cultivated plant, although it will grow, it will develop very slowly, tying heads of cabbage late. Like other cabbage plants, it prefers soil with high humidity, but it tolerates short-term drought more easily - a well-developed root system is able to extract moisture from deep soil layers.

This vegetable contains a lot of potassium, as well as vitamins A and C. In addition, scientists have proven that eating it is an excellent prevention of cancer.

Should start in March. Seeds are sown in a shallow dish in a slightly acidic medium to a depth of about 1 cm. Keep a distance between them of about 3 cm to allow the seedlings to develop well. Their difference from other vegetables in the planting temperature, the seeds will germinate well in the cold (from -2 to -5 C), without being placed in a greenhouse. In this case, she does not get sick with a black leg and does not stretch upwards much, remaining strong and stocky. As soon as the first shoots appear, the temperature should be raised, but not very much (up to 10-15 C).

Getting seedlings

Brussels sprouts - half a kilogram. It is acceptable to use fresh or frozen vegetables.

The soil for growing should not only belong to a certain type and level of acidity. The site must be structured and permeable. On depleted land, culture practically does not develop and does not tie heads of cabbage well.
Also in the autumn, the land is enriched with lime or ash - 200 grams / 1m2.
The nature of the soils is cultivated loams saturated with organic matter. According to the pH level, they can be neutral or slightly acidic. The stem reaches its maximum development at a temperature of plus 18-22 degrees, however, adult plants are able to withstand frost, which is especially important for colder regions.
The transparency of the greenhouse can be disturbed by moisture condensation, which forms when it comes into contact with the coating. At the same time, Brussels sprouts can suffer from a lack of sunlight and excessive moisture, and it will be difficult to grow healthy plants. It is recommended to use two layers of film, which helps to keep warm, as well as regularly ventilate the greenhouse.
The varietal catalog of agricultural crops, published by the Timiryazev Academy for central Russia, recommends the early ripe variety Dolmik F1, which gives heads of cabbage weighing from 7 to 17 grams. And from the late-ripening ones, a frost-resistant variety of Curl is offered. From sowing to technical ripeness, it takes 170 - 180 days. This cabbage is especially appreciated for its good taste and ability to form a large number of heads. But at the time when their mass formation is going on, the plant is very demanding on moisture.

Planting Brussels sprouts outdoors

- superphosphate - 20 g;

If Brussels sprouts are planted on a new bed that has not yet been used for growing vegetables, then for each meter it is necessary to add a bucket of humus, about half a glass of nitrophoska and two glasses of lime or wood ash. Another option:
Nutritionists recommend including Brussels sprouts in the diet for people who want to lose weight. Nutritionally, a decoction of these vegetables can be compared with chicken broth. You should know that such a product has a strong laxative effect, so people with weak intestines should not get carried away with it.
The next important step is preparing the soil for planting. The earth must be loose, so that it is dug up and loosened, fertilizers are applied in the process. Remember Brussels sprouts do not like heavy clay soils. If you have just one, you should add a mixture of manure, humus and mineral fertilizers to it when digging. In early spring, when forming the beds, bone meal should be added to them.

Butter - 50 grams.

The plant negatively perceives low light. It withstands short-term lack of moisture well. A powerful root system of bushes is able to suck moisture from the deep layers of the earth. As the plant grows, it consumes a lot of nutrients. The introduction of potassium and nitrogen into the soil causes the development of large heads of cabbage.

In spring, the soil layer is again dug up and young shoots are planted in rows. A clod of earth should remain on the seedlings, that is, the shoot is carefully removed from the container in which it grew after preliminary digging. A distance of 60 - 70 cm is observed between each copy. The specified gap is observed on all sides.

To eliminate the impact of pests and diseases, it is recommended to use resistant varieties, considered growing conditions, and crop rotation. If you do not follow these rules, cabbage can be affected by aphids, scoops, whites, red-colored fleas, thrips, moths, bacteriosis.

cultivation

Cassio

The area of the ventilation openings should be 18-25% of the total area of the structure. To increase the efficiency of air exchange, the openings in the greenhouse should be located in the direction of the prevailing winds, which will provide the best care for the plants.

The mid-early Rosella variety is also in demand. Its sprouts reach technical maturity 160 days after sowing. But their density and taste are very satisfactory.

- potassium chloride - 10 g.

Harvesting

- urea - 14 g;

The following hybrid varieties are suitable for growing Brussels sprouts:

Brussels sprout storage

Ideal predecessors for cabbage will be plants that do not exhaust the soil, root crops or legumes, as well as some tomatoes or onions.

High fat cream - 250 ml.

Note to the gardener

Small heads of cabbage are successfully used to make broths that are not inferior in nutritional value to chicken ones. They are the optimal, from the point of view of nutrition, side dish for meat dishes and perfectly complement prefabricated vegetable roasts.

Shoots are firmly fixed in the ground by carefully tamping the ground at the stems.

Ideal predecessors are root vegetables, legumes, tomatoes, pumpkin. Planting should not be done after the cruciferous family. This is due to the fact that both crops are affected by the same diseases and pests.

"- has a high yield and belongs to mid-season varieties. You can collect at least 60 heads of cabbage from one plant.

cooking recipes

Among amateur gardeners, the Hercules 1342 variety is more common than others with a ripening period of 140 to 150 days. Harvest of 20 - 30 sprouts, formed on the stem, can reach 300 g per plant. Plant height usually does not exceed half a meter. And frost resistance is so great that this variety is harvested as the last of the vegetables - in early November.

Brussels sprouts with meatballs

For the second:

Components:

- superphosphate - 30 g;
Early Franklin F1. Ripening period 130 days;
The process itself is not much different from growing classic white cabbage; ready-made seedlings are planted at the end of May in well-lit areas of the garden, because. it depends on the rate of maturation. At the same time, there are no special requirements for the soil. Cabbage can also be grown on not very fertile soil.
30 + 40 grams of flour. For white sauces, plain wheat flour (previously sifted) is used.
The peculiarity of this variety is that it can be frozen, dried and pickled for the winter. In dietary nutrition, Brussels sprouts can act as an independent dish - cooking recipes will diversify the daily menu.
Potted or cassette seedlings take root best of all, in which the root system is less affected. Molds for this planting method are commercially available at any flower shop.

Cooking principle

The vegetation period of the plant (the time it takes from sowing to harvest) reaches 180 days, which determines the efficiency of seedling cultivation. To obtain it, you must follow these recommendations:

Brussels sprouts in spicy sauce

Growing cabbage involves constant watering and maintaining moisture.

Components:

Easy to care for, Brussels sprouts can be an excellent source of vitamins and minerals needed by the body, especially at a time when the period of consumption of other fresh vegetables is already over.
- urea - 2 g;
- potassium chloride - 4 g;
Medium Diablo F1. Ripens in 160 days;
Much more problems can arise due to heat resistant to frost, Brussels sprouts do not tolerate temperatures above 25 C in such conditions, your crop simply will not form.
Parmesan (finely grated) - 100 grams.
This dish is suitable for a lunch meal and can be served on its own for dinner. The time required for cooking will take no more than 45 minutes.

Sequencing

Care for a crop planted in seedlings is commensurate with the care that is organized for simple cabbage. Before the formation of the ovaries, watering is carried out quite often, at one time there are 350 l / 10 m2 of area. After the appearance of cabbage heads, the norm increases to 400 - 450 liters.

Can everyone eat Brussels sprouts?

The beginning of planting seeds is the end of March, the beginning of April. It is important not to miss this time, as the plant has a long growing season. Planting late will not allow you to get a rich and full harvest.

Rosella

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Brussels sprouts growing - secrets, videos, photos, growing at home and in the open field

- superphosphate - 20 g;

- nitroammophoska - 0.5 teaspoon per well during planting seedlings.

Brussels sprouts growing, growing conditions and care

Late Boxer F1. Harvest can be harvested after 170 days.

Plants should be planted at least half a meter apart, so that during growth they do not shade each other's space, and the entire crop is poured with juice evenly. Brussels sprouts should be watered regularly and little by little, preventing the soil from drying out, but also without swamping their habitat. If desired, you can fertilize the ground with a mixture of wood ash and humus before planting (0.5 l of ash per bucket of humus is enough for 1 square meter of soil).

Garlic - 2 cloves. If you have allergies, this component can be skipped.

Frozen sprouts - 300 grams. If fresh, you can take fresh.

Growing Brussels sprouts outdoors

During intensive growth, the plant is extremely responsive to the introduction of mineral fertilizers. When seven days have passed after placing the shoots in the ground, the first top dressing is implemented. It is recommended to use nitroammophoska - for 2 holes, 1 tsp each

Place - boxes with a soil mixture composed of peat, soddy soil, wood ash, mineral fertilizers.

" - practically not inferior in yield to the previous one. An average of 50 inflorescences is obtained from the stem. The variety is mid-season, which is optimal for planting in the Urals and Siberia.

Brussels Sprouts Growing Secrets

The agricultural technique of Brussels sprouts is similar to the agricultural technique of white medium varieties, but Brussels sprouts are more demanding on growing conditions. Seedlings are planted on the 50-60th day according to the 70x40 scheme. When the buds reach a size of 1 cm, pinch the tops of the plants. Brussels sprouts are very cold hardy. Some of its varieties tolerate light frosts, but do not withstand piercing winds. Therefore, for its cultivation, always choose a site protected from the wind. Caring for Brussels sprouts requires plenty of light, as the plant slows down its growth at the slightest shade.

In order for the cabbage crop to be large and healthy, its seedlings must be grown in a greenhouse or a semi-dark greenhouse.
- potassium chloride - 10 g.
The fertilized bed is carefully dug up, leveled and disinfected with a solution of potassium permanganate - one and a half grams per bucket of water. The processing of each square meter will require at least three liters. The biological preparation Fitosporin also gives good results, which should be used a week or two before planting.
Since it is a long-growing plant, growing Brussels sprouts outdoors is not possible without the use of seedlings. Seedlings can be planted in the soil in early April.
There are several tricks to achieve the best result:
Salt, pepper - according to your own taste.
One bulb - it is preferable to use white varieties.

The second time fertilizer is introduced after the formation of the first ovaries. Feed composition: nitroammophoska, 25 grams of potassium sulfate, double superphosphate, a bucket of water. Fertilizer is injected carefully, dosed, for which it is convenient to use a watering can with a special nozzle.

Useful properties of cabbage

The laying of seedlings from seeds is carried out to a depth of 1-2 cm. The deepening is easy to do with a finger.

The best varieties

When building a greenhouse, various issues arise related to the choice of coverage, as well as ventilation, heating and irrigation methods, which implies agricultural technology of culture.
In general, the growing rules are the same as for cauliflower seedlings.
This cabbage during the growing season consumes a large amount of potassium and nitrogen, loves organic fertilizers very much. But it is not recommended to put fresh manure under it, since when using it, there is a delay in the formation of the crop, often accompanied by a deterioration in quality and presentation - the heads of cabbage become looser and are stored worse.

Growing technology

Between the rows of cabbage, it is quite possible to plant early vegetables, cucumbers or tomatoes. Because Brussels sprouts grow for a long time, you will have time to harvest vegetables and save space in the garden.

How to cook a delicious diet meal? Inflorescences are washed, cleaned, filled with water. Vegetables should be cooked no more than 8 minutes. The liquid can be slightly salted so that the vegetables acquire a more pronounced flavor. The butter is melted in a saucepan, flour is gradually introduced into it, the sauce is kneaded. Next - cream is added and the mixture is brought to readiness for 3 minutes. At the end, freshly chopped rosemary and garlic are added. Cabbage is poured with sauce, sprinkled with cheese and served at the table.

General information

In fact, Brussels sprouts are one of the varieties of white cabbage and belong to the type of kale. This is a cultivated plant, therefore, it is simply impossible to meet it in the wild. An unusual vegetable was bred in Belgium and named after Brussels farmers.

Description and appearance of cabbage

This vegetable crop is a biennial plant. Brussels sprouts grow (how to grow outdoors, we will consider later) in an extremely unusual way. First, a thick stem 30-100 centimeters high grows, in rare cases the stem can reach a larger size. Large green leaves are located throughout the stem. It is also considered normal if dark green spots with a purple tint form on the leaves. A small rosette of leaves forms at the top of the stem. In autumn, small forks of cabbage form near each leaf. The diameter of each reaches from 2 to 5 centimeters. Fruits can be located very rarely, or, on the contrary, they can stick around the entire stem. Up to 70 forks can grow on one stem. In the second year of its flowering, the plant does not produce fruits, but forms flowers with small brown seeds. Brussels sprout seeds can remain viable for no more than 5 years. Cabbage is able to withstand frosts down to -10 degrees, which makes it the most frost-resistant among all species. Also, this type of cabbage is one of the longest growing species. The ripening period lasts from 120 to 180 days, which is why this species is more convenient to grow through seedlings.

How to grow Brussels sprouts from seeds

The soil

Cabbage loves cultivated and nutrient-rich soils; in putrefactive soils, seedlings will give poor germination. That is why, before growing Brussels sprouts in the open field, in the spring before planting, the soil must be fertilized. It is best to use ammonium nitrate or urea for these purposes. The concentration is about 20 g per 1 m. A sunny place is best suited for planting, as cabbage does not like shade. It is recommended to plant plants in two rows, quite far from each other. The best distance between plants is at least 50 cm.

How to care for Brussels sprouts

What pests are dangerous for cabbage

observe crop rotation;
treat seeds before sowing (the method was described above);
compliance with all the rules for caring for cabbage.

Harvesting

Varieties of cabbage varieties

Considering the technology of how to grow Brussels sprouts, it is worth dwelling on the most popular varieties. They can be divided into three types:

early cabbage (Cassio, Dolmik, Rosello (Germany), Franklin, Rudnev, Isabella);
mid-season cabbage (Boxer, Perfection (Russia), Hercules, Risen);
late cabbage (Gruniger (Germany), Ketskill (USA), Curl).

The harm and benefits of cabbage

Nutritional value of Brussels sprouts

Brussels sprouts have 35 calories.

Nutritional value per 100 g: proteins - 4.8 g; fats - 0.3 g; carbohydrates - 3.1 g.

The use of cabbage in cooking

Modern dachas and gardens boast a wide variety of plants. Someone grows melons, someone grows tomatoes and cucumbers, but sometimes you can see an unexpected guest - Brussels sprouts. This vegetable looks rather unusual, but its benefits can hardly be exaggerated. Growing Brussels sprouts is a troublesome business, but is it really possible to frighten summer residents hardened by adversity with small difficulties? And if the gardener approaches the task, armed with the necessary knowledge, it turns out that it is not so difficult. And so, let's try to describe in detail how to grow Brussels sprouts without mistakes and much hassle.

Brussels sprouts are an extremely healthy vegetable.

Brief introduction. Historical reference

Brussels sprouts grow only at home. There is no wild type of this culture. The first descriptions of an unusual vegetable were made by Carl Linnaeus. He gave the name to the culture, since it was bred by Belgian gardeners near Brussels. Due to its beneficial properties, the culture is very popular in Western Europe, Canada and the United States. This suggests that it can be planted in different climatic conditions. But in Russia, this species did not give a stable harvest before, and did not take root in the gardens. Our summer residents preferred to plant a solid and productive white vegetable.

Brussels sprouts are completely different from other types. It is a biennial plant with cross-pollination. In the first year of growth, it forms a stem, the height of which can reach 60 cm. Medium-sized leaves on long petioles grow on the sides of the stem. In the deciduous sinuses, small heads of cabbage are formed. One plant can produce about 40 small heads. In the second year, the plant throws out flowering shoots and forms seeds that can remain viable for up to five years.

Brussels sprouts come in white and red

Why culture is useful

The small-headed variety has a high content of amino acids and proteins. In fact, this vegetable is not inferior to milk and meat in terms of protein composition. There are 3 times more vitamins and mineral compounds in Brussels sprouts than in white varieties. In its raw form, the product contains large amounts of vitamin C, carotene, vitamins B 1, B 2, B 6 and B 9, PP. In addition, there are sodium and potassium salts, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron compounds, iodine and other trace elements.

Due to the rich biochemical composition, this type of vegetable can become an indispensable food product. As well as a component of many dietary supplements and medicines. People who regularly use this product are less prone to seasonal colds and beriberi. The beneficial effect of this vegetable on the body is fully felt by the cores. Since it strengthens blood vessels and improves the functioning of the heart muscle.

Brussels sprouts are delicious and healthy

Growing from seed

The first question of any gardener is how and when to plant a crop? The fact is that the seeds of Brussels sprouts are able to start growing at a temperature of +2 ° C. The germination of seeds is quite high. Adult plants tolerate frost well, they can withstand even at a temperature of minus 10 ° C. But at least 150 days pass from seed germination to the first harvest. This means that you can not do without growing seedlings.

It is best to sow seedlings in early April. In the country, it is best to do this in a heated greenhouse, at home - on a glazed balcony or loggia. A comfortable environment for sowing is high humidity (up to 70%) and positive temperature (at least 3-4 degrees of heat at night). The seeds will hatch on the fourth or fifth day. To grow strong seedlings, they must be sown at a distance of at least four centimeters, and the planting depth is 2 cm.

The next stage in the preparation of seedlings obtained from seeds begins at the stage of the appearance of one true leaf. During this period, it is dived and placed in separate containers.

Plant growth takes 35 to 60 days. This usually depends on the ambient temperature, and the variety of seed selected. After this time, seedlings can be planted in open ground. By this time the plant should have 4-6 true leaves.

In order for the plants to receive a sufficient amount of nutrients, to be strong and strong, it is advisable to plant in the ground according to the 60x60 cm pattern. If these tips are followed, the cultivation and care of Brussels sprouts discussed in the article can give a high yield.

Seedlings can grow up to two months before they are planted in the ground.

Garden preparation and care

An ideal option for all types of cabbage is to plant seedlings after the following crops:

cereals;
legumes;
cucumbers, tomatoes or potatoes;
beets;
perennial herbs or flowers;
spinach, celery or different types of lettuce.

These same crops take root well between small-sized beds during the garden season. Mixed plantings look good and protect each other from pests.

Even if chic seedlings were obtained, it is necessary to choose the right place and prepare the soil. This process begins in the fall. The beds in the backyard or cottage are dug up and enriched with mineral fertilizers. For more than two years, culture is not grown in one place. Since pests and various pathogens can accumulate in the soil. The next planting of small cabbage is permissible after a four-year break.

In the spring, before planting seedlings in open ground, it is fertilized with urea or ammonium nitrate. The approximate concentration of fertilizers is 20 g per 1 m².

It is important to choose a sunny, not shaded place. All varieties of Brussels sprouts love moisture, but are able to tolerate a slight lack of water. 10 days after planting in the ground, it is advisable to feed the plant. The second top dressing will be necessary at the stage of laying the crop.

Brussels sprouts love to grow in the sun.

For top dressing, complex mineral or organic fertilizers are used (1-2 liters are applied under one plant). If the gardener allows an excess of nitrogen in the soil, then the vegetative mass of the plant will grow, but the quality of the crop will deteriorate.

One of the tricks of growing this type of cabbage is pinching the apical part of the stem, or cutting off the apical rosette, a month and a half before ripening. During the season, the culture is watered about ten times. Plants do not require hilling, as the formation of cabbage heads begins at the base of the stem.

Harvest and storage

It is important to know not only how to grow Brussels sprouts, but also how to properly harvest them and preserve the crop.

The collection of small heads of cabbage is carried out selectively. This happens from early October until late autumn. Finally, the plant is harvested after the onset of a steady cooling. Stems with small stalk are cut off and folded or dropped into wet sand for storage in a cold room. So the harvest can be stored for 3-4 months. If the heads are separated from the stem, they are used immediately or frozen. An amazing feature of Brussels sprouts is that when frozen, its small heads of cabbage do not lose their nutritional value.

Brussels sprouts tolerate freezing well

Selection of the best varieties

A very important factor for getting a good harvest is to choose the seeds of the right variety of Brussels sprouts. In the Moscow region, you can choose mid-season and late varieties, and in the Urals - mid-season varieties (there are no early varieties of the crop).

The best varieties for the Middle Strip and the Urals:

Perfection is an achievement of Russian breeders. The variety allows you to get up to 5 kg of small cabbage heads from one plant.
Dolmik is a development of Dutch breeders, giving heads weighing up to 17 g.
Rosella, a variety bred by breeders in Germany. Heads can be harvested on the 160th day after the seeds have sprouted.

One of the features of growing the described crops in the Urals and Siberia is the later heating of the soil for planting seeds. Since the temperatures are lower here, the landing should be carried out not in May, but in early June. That is why hybrid varieties with a minimum ripening period are selected.

Hercules cabbage has a powerful stem with many heads of cabbage

The Hercules variety has proven itself well in the dachas and gardens of Russia and Ukraine. This is the development of the All-Russian Research Institute of Selection. The variety looks very presentable, sprouts are arranged in a cone on the stem of the plant. Variety Hercules refers to late-ripening varieties and has good frost resistance.

When the gardener manages to determine which varieties are best for his dacha or home garden, there are no more difficulties with growing. The main thing is to sow the seeds for seedlings in time, and plant them on the beds when they reach a certain type and size.

Harvesting begins when the lower heads of cabbage ripen. This is evidenced by the waxy sheen of small heads and the yellowed lower leaves of the plant.

Usually a person devotes his free time to growing vegetables and fruits in order to be sure of their safety and benefits. Regular consumption of cabbage, bred in Belgium, will have such a beneficial effect on the human body that you simply don’t want to refuse to grow it. It would not be very bad if every housewife had dishes from healthy and tasty Brussels sprouts on the menu.