Since plant plankton is the backbone of the marine food chain. Marine life report. Amazonian river or freshwater dolphin

Option No. 3803801

When completing tasks with a short answer, write in the answer field a number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, word, sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. Answers to tasks 1-26 are a digit (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers).

If the variant is set by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to the tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of the assignments with a short answer and will be able to rate the uploaded answers to the assignments with a detailed answer. The points given by the teacher will appear in your statistics. The length of the essay is at least 150 words.

Version for printing and copying in MS Word

Indicate the numbers of sentences in which the MAIN information contained in the text is correctly conveyed. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) Since plant plankton - the basis of the food chain of marine animals and deep-sea organisms - exists in the upper layer of water, it is enough to contaminate only a part of the upper layer for all life in the ocean to perish.

2) The life of marine animals and deep-sea organisms in the ocean is largely dependent on plant plankton, which is located in the upper layer of water.

3) Pollution of only part of the deep ocean layer cannot lead to the death of all life in the ocean.

4) Since deep-sea organisms depend on animals living on the surface of the ocean, life is concentrated only in its upper layers.

5) The basis of the food chain of marine animals and deep-sea organisms is plant plankton, located only in the upper layer of water, so if you contaminate at least part of the upper layer, then all life in the ocean will die.

Answer:

What word (combination of words) should be in place of the gap in the third sentence of the text?

First of all

Besides,

As you can see

Answer:

Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meanings of the word LIGHT. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

LIGHT, -a (-y), husband.

1. Radiant energy that makes the world around us visible; electromagnetic waves in the range of frequencies perceived by the eye. Solnechny s. Electric s. S. from the lantern. C. truth(trans.). The face lit up with an inner light(trans.: became spiritualized).

2. One or another source of lighting. Light up with. Bring with. (lamp, candle). Come closer to the light. Stand against the light. See something. US.(so that it shines through). In daylight.

3. Illumination, the state when it is light. In the light(in the light, in the light). In the windows with.

4. In some expressions: dawn, sunrise (colloquial). Before the light and before the light(before dawn). Not with. dawn(very early in the morning; colloquial). A little with.(barely dawn).

5. Control. as an affectionate appeal (obsolete and in folk literature). S. you are my clear!

Answer:

In which of the following words is there a mistake in the stress setting: is the letter denoting a stressed vowel incorrectly highlighted? Write this word down.

religion

mosaic

Answer:

One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word WRONG. Correct the lexical error by matching the selected word with a paronym. Write down the chosen word.

The winning team demonstrated an ORGANIC combination of dance and music.

Irritability is the tendency to react disproportionately to everyday stimuli, expressing dissatisfaction and dislike of others in words and deeds.

Potential investors continue to WAIT for the right moment to invest money, evaluating the most promising areas of investment.

The course of cultural studies, which is studied at the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, was introduced in order to FILL the gaps in knowledge of the requirements of military and civil etiquette.

Answer:

In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.

five POTS

wider SHOULDERS

over one hundred seventy KILOMETERS

DRINKED with tea

WEAR THE HEADPHONES

Answer:

Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are allowed: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

SUGGESTIONS

A) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members

B) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate

C) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech

D) violation of the temporal correlation of verb forms

E) an error in the use of a numeral name

1) Favorable conditions have been created not only for the publication of scientific works, but also for their introduction into practice.

2) Two horses anxiously raised their heads from the grass, as if they heard some kind of danger.

3) Unexpectedly for everyone, Rita called and said that both girls were already at home.

4) Thanks to the audience for interesting questions and sincere interest, the presenter announced that "you will have a new meeting with a new hero."

5) To everyone's joy, we were paid overtime and allowed to rest.

6) M. Gorky ironically remarked that "a person eventually grunts if he is told all the time that he is a pig."

7) Who, if not nature itself, taught the future sculptor to look more closely at the shapes of objects?

8) The main thing that needs to be paid attention to is the artistic side of the works.

9) Children rarely listen and follow the advice of their elders.

A	B	V	G	D

Answer:

Identify the word missing the unstressed verifiable vowel of the root. Write this word by inserting the missing letter.

compressor ... miss

touching ... sleeping

benevolence ...

cal ...

welcome

Answer:

Identify a row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write these words by inserting the missing letter.

oh..press, on..cracked;

from..skat, post..industrial;

ave..hame, ave..grada;

and..wheel, rate..evaluate;

from..avail, bar..er.

Answer:

Write down the word in which the letter E is written at the place of the pass?

straw ...

underline .. emphasize

unmerciful ... out

persevering

overshadow

Answer:

Write down the word in which the letter E is written at the place of the pass.

delay .. you will

move .. my

invisible

dance ... you

hung .. my

Answer:

Define a sentence in which NOT with a word is written LITTLE. Expand the parentheses and write this word out.

This movie is (not) interesting at all.

(Continuous) rains have disrupted all our plans.

He hardly (did not) sleep at night.

This can only be done by a person (not) thinking about the benefits of the forest.

Chintz is (not) expensive, but cheap.

Answer:

Define a sentence in which both highlighted words are spelled LITTLE. Expand the brackets and write out these two words.

Oh, WHAT (WOULD) I just did not give in return for those minutes of happiness! (FOR) WHAT did I leave my homeland for?

Orchid seeds, (B) DIFFERENT FROM FICUS SEEDS, (AT) SO SMALL it looks like dust.

We went down to the valley and, (AS) ONLY found water, THAT (HOUR) stopped.

Be AS polite in words as in your actions, say THAT (SAME) what you think.

At this moment, the sparrows TO (SAME) noticed the danger and rushed (IN) LOSS.

Answer:

In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in the place of which НН is written?

Elena appeared in our yard with bags, in which lay my ironing (1) s, darning (2) shirts, pants, socks and an obligatory gift - a tin (3) soldier or a penny machine.

Answer:

Arrange punctuation marks. Specify the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) Modern publicists and writers have written and are writing about the place of the dog in human life.

2) The yellowish or pink petals of this plant grow singly or in pairs.

3) Bright poppies and delicate tulips and hairy marigolds were planted in the flowerbed.

4) Representatives of the intelligentsia strove for semantic accuracy and expressiveness of speech, fought against distortion and contamination of their native language.

5) The myth about the effectiveness of a lie detector is supported with all its might by both the polygraph examiners themselves so

and other interested structures.

Answer:

There are countless masters-virtuosos in the world (1) artistically owning (2) drawing, painting, composition and (3) creating (4) magnificent canvases.

Answer:

Arrange punctuation marks: include all numbers, in place of which in the sentence must be commas.

If there were no Pushkin, (1) perhaps (2) our faith in Russian independence, our conscious hope in the people's forces, and (3) then (4) and faith in the future independent appointment in family of European nations.

Answer:

Arrange all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s), in the place of which (s) in the sentence should be a comma (s).

The flood (1) brought a dilapidated house (2) to the deserted island (2) the shutters (3) of which (4) were thrown open, as if reaching out to people.

Answer:

Arrange all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s), in the place of which (s) in the sentence should be a comma (s).

Everyone is so used to them (the watch) (1) that (2) if they disappeared (3) by some miracle from the wall (4) it would be sad, as if a native voice had died and nothing could not shut up an empty space. (Bulgakov)

Answer:

Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Enter the answer numbers.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) Smart people understand that they have no right to make mistakes.

2) "Exists" take an active life position in society.

3) The desire of a person to “live well” is not the same as the desire to live well.

4) To defend your opinion, you need to make convincing arguments.

5) People tend to be wrong.

(According to B. Bim-Bad *)

Answer:

Which of the following statements are true? Enter the answer numbers.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) Proposals 3-5 present the reasoning.

2) Sentences 9-11 contain a narrative.

3) Sentences 15-16 confirm the content of sentence 14.

4) Proposition 18 explains the statement in proposal 17.

5) Sentences 25-27 contain a description.

(1) To choose or not to choose? (2) I have met people who do not want to spend neither time nor energy on solving the mysteries of life. “(3) We live to live. (4) And live without darkening the succession of our days with difficult reflections. (5) We will live how we live, how everyone lives, how it will turn out ... ”(6) Such people do not want to spend their pleasantly lasting existence on anything that goes beyond the steep efforts to maintain it!

(7) The well-known psychotherapist Mikhail Papush notes: “Of those who learn to play the piano, only a few want to learn how to play well. (8) There are many more of those who, for one reason or another, want to play "at least somehow." (9) It's not just about the piano. (10) This is about life. (11) Or is life easier than playing the piano? (12) There are quite a few people whose variety of life repertoire boils down to the alternation of "Chizhik-Pyzhik" and "Dog Waltz", leaving "Dance of Little Swans" in the realm of the unattainable dream of "high". (13) How many people want to live well if one distinguishes the desire to live well from the desire to live well? "

(14) But along with such "beings" there are those who are intensely seeking the truth. (15) As a teacher, I happened to meet young people who yearn for a clear and precise answer to the question of the highest values of life. (16) 0 values that allow you to distinguish between good and evil and choose the best and most worthy.

(17) We cannot help but choose. (18) At the very core of culture lies the differentiation between knowledge, error and error, between truth and falsehood.

(19) As the experiments of modern psychologists show, the group makes a more decisive choice than the choice of any member of the group, interviewed separately. (20) The reason for this is that decision-making is always based on the acceptance of some responsibility.

(21) Expressing an opinion on his own behalf, a person weighs the consequences, accepts responsibility. (22) And when a group makes a decision, there is a dispersal, a spread of responsibility. (23) No one would have objected to freedom of choice if it were not for responsibility. (24) Fear of being wrong - fear of responsibility for a decision.

(25) Error is an essential attribute of action and inaction. (26) Effectiveness of action depends on a person's ability to prevent, find and correct mistakes. (27) Education and upbringing in many ways appears as prevention and correction of mistakes.

(28) An intelligent person knows how easy it is to make mistakes. (29) Therefore, he is concerned about the confirmation of his thoughts and listens to the arguments of others. (30) The foolish person, on the other hand, proceeds from the very simple principle that he alone knows the truth. (31) From this it is not difficult for him to conclude that all who do not share his opinions are mistaken.

(32) People who are smart and judicious, when discussing any controversial issue, should refrain from judging until they confirm the correctness of the case they are defending. (ЗЗ) It is necessary to defend the truth with an appropriate weapon that lies cannot use: these weapons are clear and solid arguments.

(34) So, in order to make a conscious choice of an independent person, you need to teach him not to be afraid to choose, think and try, do and observe the results.

(H6) Let's say to ourselves: “Since we happened to live, let's make life worthy. (36) A responsible life is worthy. (37) Do not be afraid to choose, do not be afraid of independent thought! "

(According to B. Bim-Bad *)

* Boris Mikhailovich Bim-Bad (born in 1941) - Russian teacher, full member (academician) of the Russian Academy of Education. Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor.

Answer:

Write out the antonyms (antonymic pair) from sentences 14-15.

(17) We cannot help but choose. (18) At the very core of culture lies the differentiation between knowledge, error and error, between truth and falsehood.

(34) So, in order to make a conscious choice of an independent person, you need to teach him not to be afraid to choose, think and try, do and observe the results.

(H6) Let's say to ourselves: “Since we happened to live, let's make life worthy. (36) A responsible life is worthy. (37) Do not be afraid to choose, do not be afraid of independent thought! "

(According to B. Bim-Bad *)

* Boris Mikhailovich Bim-Bad (born in 1941) - Russian teacher, full member (academician) of the Russian Academy of Education. Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor.

Answer:

Among sentences 12-16, find the one (s) that are related to the previous one by lexical repetition. Write the number (s) of this offer (s).

(17) We cannot help but choose. (18) At the very core of culture lies the differentiation between knowledge, error and error, between truth and falsehood.

(34) So, in order to make a conscious choice of an independent person, you need to teach him not to be afraid to choose, think and try, do and observe the results.

(H6) Let's say to ourselves: “Since we happened to live, let's make life worthy. (36) A responsible life is worthy. (37) Do not be afraid to choose, do not be afraid of independent thought! "

(According to B. Bim-Bad *)

* Boris Mikhailovich Bim-Bad (born in 1941) - Russian teacher, full member (academician) of the Russian Academy of Education. Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor.

(1) To choose or not to choose?

8) quoting

9) opposition

Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:

A	B	V	G

(17) We cannot help but choose. (18) At the very core of culture lies the differentiation between knowledge, error and error, between truth and falsehood.

(34) So, in order to make a conscious choice of an independent person, you need to teach him not to be afraid to choose, think and try, do and observe the results.

(H6) Let's say to ourselves: “Since we happened to live, let's make life worthy. (36) A responsible life is worthy. (37) Do not be afraid to choose, do not be afraid of independent thought! "

(According to B. Bim-Bad *)

* Boris Mikhailovich Bim-Bad (born in 1941) - Russian teacher, full member (academician) of the Russian Academy of Education. Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor.

Answer:

Write an essay based on the text you read.

Formulate one of the problems posed by the author of the text.

Please comment on the formulated problem. Include in your comment two illustrative examples from the text you read that you think are important to understanding the problem in the original text (avoid overquoting). Explain the meaning of each example and indicate the semantic connection between them.

The length of the essay is at least 150 words.

A work written without reference to the text read (not according to this text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is rated 0 points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

(17) We cannot help but choose. (18) At the very core of culture lies the differentiation between knowledge, error and error, between truth and falsehood.

(34) So, in order to make a conscious choice of an independent person, you need to teach him not to be afraid to choose, think and try, do and observe the results.

(H6) Let's say to ourselves: “Since we happened to live, let's make life worthy. (36) A responsible life is worthy. (37) Do not be afraid to choose, do not be afraid of independent thought! "

Regardless of whether they live exclusively in water bodies, or swim only occasionally, all these mammals are a real miracle of nature. They can be found all over the world and they are very different from each other. By the way, people often confuse these animals with other aquatic animals. We easily call beavers water lovers, but we often forget that whales are also mammals, and not fish.

From dolphins to elk, aquatic mammals play an essential role in their ecosystems, and they are all naturally excellent swimmers. How many of these types of animals do you know? It's time to put yourself to the test with our selection of 25 of the most amazing marine and aquatic mammals!

25. Amazonian river or freshwater dolphin

Also known as the pink dolphin, white dolphin or inya, this cetacean lives only in the fresh waters of the great Amazon and the Orinoco river system. This mammal is found there quite often, although in recent years the population of the pink dolphin has begun to decline significantly due to the destruction of their range (construction of dams).

24. Ladoga ringed seal

Photo: Alexander Butakov

Ladoga ringed seals are a very numerous subspecies and the smallest seal in the entire Arctic, which is why inexperienced observers often confuse adults with juveniles.

23. Canadian or North American beaver

Photo: Steve / Washington

It is a semi-aquatic rodent with translucent eyelids designed specifically for navigating underwater, and incredibly sharp teeth with which it gnaws at the most powerful trees and builds dams. Beavers play a very important role in the life of their habitat and help in its prosperity.

22. Amazonian manatee

Photo: Dirk Meyer

The Amazonian manatee is a seemingly rather bizarre mammal with two forelimbs and a tail instead of hind legs. It is the smallest of the manatees in nature.

21. Eurasian Otter

Photo: Catherine Trigg

This animal prefers fresh waters of Europe, feeds on fish and frogs, and sometimes even feasts on small birds.

20. Capybara

Photo: Pixabay.com

A capybara would probably get along well with an African hippo, because she loves the water and mud of the Andean and other South American river coasts. Like hippos, the eyes, ears and mouth of the capybara are located almost on the very top of the animal's head, allowing it to observe what is happening around it while being almost completely underwater.

19. North American River Otter

Photo: Sage Ross

This otter has a water-repellent coat, webbed feet and a long body. By nature, it is simply created in order to pierce water like an arrow. These funny animals can hold their breath underwater for as much as 8 minutes!

18. Platypus

Photo: Klaus

The first scientists who encountered these funny mammals thought that the beast was not real, and that one of their colleagues was clearly joking. A cross between a duck, a beaver and an otter is already something completely incredible. In addition, the platypus is the only mammal to lay eggs. Males of this species are venomous.

17. Hippopotamus

Photo: Pexels.com

They love water so much that the Greeks even called these massive animals "river horses". Despite the external bulkiness, hippos are excellent swimmers, and under water they can do without oxygen for up to 5 minutes.

16. Indian rhino

Photo: Dr. Raju Kasambe

Ranked as a vulnerable species (threatened with extinction), the Indian rhino lives mainly in Northern India and Nepal. These rhinos have a number of significant differences from their African relatives, and the main one is their unique horn.

15. Water possum or swimming marsupial rat

Photo: wikimedia.commons.com

The water possum is the only mammal in which both females and males have a special skin fold (pouch) on their belly. These animals do not like to gather in flocks and rarely live longer than 3 years.

14. Marsh or water shrew

Photo: Tim Gage

This is the tiniest warm-blooded water creature in the world (average weight is about 13 grams)! The feet of the marsh shrew are hairy, which helps it to swim. By the way, shrews are even smaller.

13. Water vole or European water rat

Photo: Pixabay.com

The water vole is often confused with the common rat, but this mammal belongs to the hamster family, not the mouse family. The European water rat lives in the area of river banks, near lakes and ponds.

12. Elk

Photo: Pixabay.com

The elk is the largest member of the deer family and feels at home in the water. These animals even know how to dive!

11. Nutria

Photo: Norbert Nagel

It is a fairly large rodent from South Africa. Nutria feed on aquatic plants, but sometimes they do not disdain molluscs.

10. Walruses

Photo: wikipedia.commons.com

Walruses are typical inhabitants of the Arctic Ocean and are incredibly social animals (live in large colonies). Walruses are easily distinguished by their massive tusks and unique vibrissae (dense whisker-like bristles). These mammals spend most of their lives on the coast, but they are able to dive to a depth of 55 meters for their prey.

9. Dugong

Photo: Julien Willem

This animal is very similar to the manatee, but it is nevertheless separated into a separate squad of sirens. Dugongs are found in the waters of Australia and East Africa, and they can sail for 6 months in a row.

8. Sea leopard

Photo: Cyfer13

Like the land leopard, the leopard seal is a bloodthirsty predator. These seals are excellent hunters and the only representatives of their family that feed on warm-blooded animals.

7. Cuvier's beaked or middle floater

Photo: Chris_huh

Cuvier's beaked whales are found in almost all oceans and even in some of the largest seas. While hunting, these amazing mammals are able to descend as much as 2000 meters below the water level!

6. California porpoise

Photo: wikipedia.commons.com

This aquatic mammal is on the verge of extinction, and in fact a rare animal was discovered quite recently - only in 1958. Californian porpoises live in the Gulf of Mexico, and due to poaching, their population has decreased dramatically in the past few years.

5. Humpback whale

Photo: Pixabay.com

These giant creatures are known for their unique songs, which can only be heard underwater, of course. Humpback whales weigh about 40 tons and grow up to 19 meters in length, but despite their enormous size, they are excellent swimmers and are able to cover considerable distances during their annual migrations.

4. Polar bear

Photo: Adam Bishop

Believe it or not, polar bears are also classified as aquatic mammals. Polar bears are simply created for life in conditions of eternal cold and for swimming in Arctic waters, because they have a fairly thick layer of subcutaneous fat, and their wool perfectly protects from moisture. Seemingly clumsy and cumbersome, these actually swim perfectly and can accelerate in water to 9.6 kilometers per hour.

3. Harp seal

Photo: Claumoho

These seals love the Arctic Ocean and Atlantic Ocean. In one breath they can stay under water for up to 15 minutes, and this ability allows them to successfully catch fish and crustaceans.

2. Killer whale

Photo: Pixabay.com

Killer whales are also sometimes called killer whales (due to an error in the translation of the name of the species from Spanish back in the 18th century). Killer whales are the largest members of the dolphin family and the most powerful predators in the world. They feed on other marine mammals, and are known for hunting seals, dragging them under the water directly from drifting ice floes.

1. Bottlenose dolphin or bottle-nosed dolphin

Photo: Gregory “Slobirdr” Smith

This is one of the most famous dolphin species. Bottlenose dolphins are very intelligent, sociable and perfectly trainable, and in the wild they are skilled hunters, tracking down their prey using the echolocation method.

Marine animals are very diverse. These include both huge giant whales and microscopic plankton. Captures the diversity of the inhabitants of the deep sea.

Whale photos

The largest animals of the sea are whales. However, not only at sea, but also on land, whales have no equal in size.

In total, there are about 130 species of whales left on Earth, about 40 extinct species of whales are known. Depending on the species, the length of the whales ranges from 2 to 25 meters. The world's largest species is the blue whale.

Whales live in all oceans and almost all seas of our planet. In northern waters, whales feel great thanks to a thick layer of fat.

Most whales feed on small fish and plankton. But there is also a more predatory type of whale that preys on large animals - the killer whale. This is one of the most beautiful whales.

Although outwardly, killer whales are similar to dolphins, but they are very different from them. The most noticeable feature of killer whales is their contrasting black and white color.

Killer whales hunt whatever they can catch and are quite voracious. If killer whales are sedentary, then they feed on fish and small marine animals. Migrating killer whales can attack even a sperm whale. There are known cases of killer whales attacking a herd of moose crossing the reservoir.

Shark photos

Another type of large marine predators is sharks. These are mainly large predatory fish, which for billions of years have practically not changed their appearance in the process of evolution.

Like whales, sharks live in almost all oceans and seas. There are sharks that feed on fish, but there is also a species that feeds on plankton - the whale shark.

Moray eels

Another genus of marine predatory fish is moray eels. They live in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, the Mediterranean and Red Seas.

Moray eels can be confused with snakes, outwardly they are very similar. But the view of moray eels is very disgusting, although there are terrible lovers of these fish.

In ancient European mythology, moray eels became the prototype of huge sea monsters. Some ancients believed that moray eels are the fry of sea monsters, when they grow up, they float far into the ocean.

Dolphin photos

Probably the most beloved marine animals by people are dolphins. They also exist in many types of various sizes. Dolphins accompany various ships and bring joy to people with their jumps from the water.

Dolphins are mammals, not fish.

The life of dolphins in captivity is halved, and in nature they live up to 50 years. Probably longing and despondency in captivity oppresses them.

Dolphins love to communicate with people, by nature they are kind and social animals. but these marine animals are tactful and never intrude.

Photo of seals

Seals live in the northern seas and oceans. They are carnivorous pinnipeds that colonize coastal cliffs. Such places serve them as a refuge from predators.

Their main food is fish, but they do not mind eating shrimp or other crustaceans and shellfish.

Look.

One of the most voracious seals is the leopard seal.

This species of seals got its name because of the unique shape of the nose of the males and because of its enormous size. Males of this species can reach six meters in length and weigh over four tons.

Another large species of seals, the sea hare, lives in the north of Russia. The largest bearded hares weigh 360 kg.

Despite its size, the sea hare seal can become a prey for polar bears.

Walrus photo

Other pinnipeds in the seas are walruses. They have powerful tusks.

Only males have tusks. They use them as weapons during fights for females during the mating season.

Walruses can fend for themselves, as they are very large animals. But they are threatened by killer whales and polar bears.

On this we will finish with pinnipeds and move on to the mollusks.

Octopus photo

"Eight legs" - this was the name of this sea creature in ancient Greece. And the octopus lives up to its name.

Octopuses inhabit tropical and subtropical seas. In total, there are more than 200 species of them.

Octopuses are able to change their color by disguising themselves from other predators and using camouflage to wait for their prey. They can even take on the appearance of a predator and copy its behavior.

Photo of cuttlefish

The cuttlefish, like the octopus, is a cephalopod mollusc.

The cuttlefish has a mouth similar to a beak. Behind the tentacles, it is hard to see in the photo, but believe me, it can bite through the shell of a crab.

Like octopuses, cuttlefish are able to change color and pour into the terrain in order to hide from the enemy or hide in ambush.

In total, about 30 species of cuttlefish are known. The smallest species has a size of 1.5-1.8 centimeters.

Squid photo

Squids are another cephalopod molluscs. Squids inhabit all seas and oceans, including the northern ones. Northern squid species are somewhat smaller, and they are also often colorless. The rest of the species also rarely have bright colors.

How many species of squid live on our planet is unknown. Many species live at great depths, which makes them difficult to study.

Usually the size of squid is 25 - 50 cm. But there is a unique species - a giant squid, its size can reach 18 meters. Some deep-sea squid species are capable of glowing, so they attract prey in the pitch darkness of the sea depths.

Many squid species have fins on the sides. These organs act as a balancer when swimming, and using them, the squid can accelerate and jump out of the water to escape the predator.

Photo of crabs

Let's move on from cephalopods to crabs. These are representatives of the crustacean class.

These marine animals have five pairs of paws, one of which has evolved into pincers. A crab can lose a claw in battle, but it then grows back like a lizard's tail.

There are many types of crabs and they are very diverse in size and color. Different species eat completely differently, the diet may consist of algae, crustaceans, small fish or shellfish.

Lobster photos

Large crustaceans live in the oceans and seas: lobsters and lobsters. Lobsters are similar to common crayfish, only they have larger claws.

Basically, the color of different types of lobsters is very simple, camouflage. This is due to the presence of a large number of enemies in these animals. But sometimes there are mutant individuals with an unusual color.

This is a blue lobster, a very rare specimen. This color is one in two million lobsters. Yellow, red, white or two-colored lobsters are even more rare.

Photos of lobsters

Another large crustacean are lobsters. These crustaceans prefer warm waters, in contrast to lobsters, which are also found in cold waters.

Lobsters do not live at depths higher than 200 meters. They try to settle in places where they can find refuge. Many predators don't mind eating lobster.

Lobsters are loners. All their lives, except for the breeding season, lobsters spend in solitude, without communicating with representatives of their kind.

Marine animals include seabirds. For example, penguins are peculiar seabirds living in the Southern Hemisphere.

Penguins live not only in Antarctica. There are large colonies of these birds in the south of Australia and South America.

In total, 18 species of penguins are known. They are different in size, there are some differences in color. but the main color is contrasting black and white.

LESSON 15
Read the text and complete assignments 1-3.

(1) All marine animals directly or indirectly depend on plant plankton, which is the basis of the food chain, and plant plankton can only exist where sufficient sunlight penetrates into the water column for photosynthesis. (2) Below this layer, life quickly becomes scarce, since deep-sea organisms are completely dependent on the remains of plants and animals coming from above. (3)<...>it is enough to pollute only a small part of the upper layer to kill all life in the ocean.

1. Which of the following sentences correctly conveyed the MAIN information contained in the text?
1) Since plant plankton - the basis of the food chain of marine animals and deep-sea organisms - exists in the upper layer of water, it is enough to contaminate only a part of the upper layer for all life in the ocean to perish.
2) The life of marine animals and deep-sea organisms in the ocean is largely dependent on plant plankton, which is located in the upper layer of water.
3) Pollution of only part of the deep ocean layer cannot lead to the death of all life in the ocean.
4) Pollution of only a part of the upper layer of water entails the death of all life in the ocean, since it is in the upper layer of water that the basis of the food chain of marine animals and deep-sea organisms exists - plant plankton.
5) Since deep-sea organisms depend on animals living on the surface of the ocean, life is concentrated only in its upper layers.

2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
Despite this, Therefore, Contrary to this, Maybe, on the contrary,

3. Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meanings of the word LIFE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
LIFE, -and, well.
1) The totality of phenomena occurring in organisms, a special form of the existence of matter. The emergence of life on Earth. J. Universe. The laws of life.
2) The physiological existence of man, animal, all living things. G. plants. Risk your life. Save someone n. f.
3) The time of such existence from its inception to the end, as well as at some point. its period. Short, long train At the beginning, at the end of life.
4) The activity of society and man in one or another of its manifestations. Public
f. Family w. Dukhovnaya Seething railway

4. In one of the words given below, a mistake was made in the formulation of stress: the letter denoting a stressed vowel sound is WRONGLY highlighted. Write this word down.
clala cakes adolescence raising orphans

5. In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is WRONG. Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.
The flowerbeds and walkways on the site were originally created for decorative purposes, and CLOSING them up with a border means destroying the decorative effect they create.
A narrow strip of SANDY beach stretched for many kilometers along the coast of the ocean, to which exotic bushes descended along the slope of the hill, creating a shade.
I learned gymnastics, in which a sharp INHALATION is performed while moving the whole body forward.
The correct CHOICE of a car is a guarantee of your safety.
The head of the department provided the patients with a COMFORTABLE stay in the hospital.

6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.

7. Establish a correspondence between sentences and grammatical mistakes made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column

SUGGESTIONS
A) Preparing for the trip, a lot depends on the organizers.
B) The biologist Malyshev made interesting observations, the results of which he presented a few years later in his article "Topographic abilities of insects."
C) Thanks to understanding from my parents and friends, I was able to overcome difficulties.
D) Andryushin stayed on the terrace for a long time, admiring the dazzling flashes of lightning over the garden.
E) After the performance, the entire ensemble left the stage.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate
3) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application
4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members
5) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover
7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech with the corresponding letters.

OPTION 2 USE-2015

Part 1

Answers to tasks 1-24 are a number, word, phrase or sequence of words, numbers ... Write the answer in the answer field in the text of the work, and then transfer

in ANSWER FORM №1 to the right of the task number, starting from the first cell, Write each letter and number in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form.

Read the text and complete tasks 1 - 3.

(1) All marine animals, directly or indirectly depend on the plant plankton underlying the food chain, and plant plankton can exist only where sufficient sunlight penetrates into the water column for photosynthesis. (2) Below this layer, life quickly becomes scarce, since deep-sea organisms are completely dependent on the remains of plants and animals coming from above. (3)<...>it is enough to pollute only a small part of the upper layer to kill all life in the ocean.

1. Which of the following sentences correctly conveyedHOME information contained in the text?

1) Since plant plankton - the basis of the food chain of marine animals and deep-sea organisms - exists in the upper layer of water, it is enough to pollute only a part of the upper layer for all life in the ocean to perish.

2) The life of marine animals and deep-sea organisms in the ocean is largely dependent on plant plankton, which is located in the upper layer of water.

3) Pollution of only part of the deep ocean layer cannot lead to the death of all life in the ocean.

4) Pollution of only a part of the upper layer of water entails the death of all life in the ocean, since it is in the upper layer of water that the basis of the food chain of marine animals and deep-sea organisms exists - plant plankton.

5) Since deep-sea organisms depend on animals living on the surface of the ocean, life is concentrated only in its upper layers.

2. Which of the given words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

Despite this, Therefore, Contrary to this, Maybe, on the contrary,

Answer:_______________________________________

3. Read the fragment of the dictionary entry that describes the meanings of the word LIFE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

LIFE, -and, well.

1) The totality of phenomena occurring in organisms, a special form of the existence of matter.The emergence of life on Earth. J. Universe. The laws of life.

2) The physiological existence of man, animal, all living things.G. plants. Risk your life. Save someone f.

3) The time of such existence from its inception to the end, as well as at some point. its period.Short, long train At the beginning, at the end of life.

4) The activity of society and man in one or another of its manifestations.Public

f. Family w. Dukhovnaya Seething railway

Answer:_______________________________________

4. In one of the words below, there was a mistake in the stress setting:NOT RIGHT the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound is highlighted. Write this word down.

clala cakes adolescence raising orphans

Answer:_______________________________________

5. In one of the sentences belowWRONG used the highlighted word.Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.

The flowerbeds and walkways on the site were originally created for decorative purposes, and CLOSE them with a border– means to destroy the decorative effect they create.

For many kilometers along the coast of the ocean stretched a narrow strip of SANDY beach, to which exotic bushes descended along the slope of the hill, creating a shade.

I learned gymnastics, in which a sharp INHALATION is performed while moving the whole body forward.

CHOOSING THE RIGHT CAR– guarantee of your safety.

The head of the department provided the patients with a COMFORTABLE stay in the hospital.

Answer:_______________________________________

6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form.Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.

NIGHT CALL MORE STRONGER VOICE

TWO THOUSAND YEAR HIGHEST climb five SPRINGS

Answer:_______________________________________

7. Establish a correspondence between sentences and grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

SUGGESTIONS

A) Preparing for the trip, a lot depends on the organizers.

B) The biologist Malyshev made interesting observations, the results of which he presented a few years later in his article "Topographic abilities of insects."

C) Thanks to understanding from my parents and friends, I was able to overcome difficulties.

D) Andryushin stayed on the terrace for a long time, admiring the dazzling flashes of lightning over the garden.

E) After the performance, the entire ensemble left the stage.

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer:

8. Identify the word missing the unstressed verifiable vowel of the root.

Write this word by inserting the missing letter.

Answer:_______________________________________

9. Define a row in which in both words the prefix is missing the same

letter. Write these words by inserting the missing letter.

and..walking, worked..beaten pos..yesterday, p..read

pr..old, pr..nik pr..touched, pr..call

on..write, oh..dal

Answer:_______________________________________

10. AND .

eclipse .. honoring .. orange. .hy cheap .. some plush .. out

Answer:_______________________________________

11. Write out a word in which a letter is written at the place of the passAND .

recognizable .. my prokle. .y sure..ny hate..wash..wash

Answer:_______________________________________

12. Define a sentence in which NOT with a word is writtenMUCH . Expand the parentheses and write this word out.

Rooks walked in the (NOT) YELLOW Rye.

In the house, (NOT) LOOKING at the evening chill, it was stuffy.

Leaving, the father (NOT) CLOSED the windows, and the house became cool.

Sonya ran out into the street with her head (NOT) covered with a kerchief.

Answer:_______________________________________

13. Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are spelledMUCH ... Expand the brackets and write out these two words.

(FROM) BEGINNING ask who has seen this book. (ON) VISIBLY, no one except Seryozha could take it!

Martyn trudged to the river and listened as the sounds of the flute died (ON) BEHIND him (ON).

(B) OVER the whole morning Cyril did not leave the feeling that (AS) IT WAS the air washed with spring water.

(B) IN THE BEGINNING, the slender sails of the fishing boats towered, and they looked pink BECAUSE (THAT) they were illuminated by the setting sun.

Many ancient works that were rewritten (B) DURING VIII-IX centuries, preserved (B) FLESH until recent years.

Answer:_______________________________________

14. Indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) are writtenNN .

The term "herbarium" appeared in the 16th century to denote arid (1) plants collected (2) for collection and intended (3) for scientific work on floristry and selection.

Answer:_______________________________________

15. Arrange punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of the offers in which you want to putONE comma.

1) A good specialist relies on fundamental knowledge and is distinguished by the ability to find the necessary information and the ability to work hard.

2) For festive illumination, both electric garlands and lanterns were used.

3) At night, the wind agitates and knocks on the window.

4) In the thickets all night long the corncrake or some other birds were crying plaintively.

5) The coastal grasses were heated by the damp heat, and over them innumerable clouds of pale green moths hovered low.

Answer:_______________________________________

16. Arrange punctuation marks:

The sun (1) bypassing the house (2) looked under the pines and fir (3) with its branches (4) shading the balcony.

Answer:_______________________________________

17. Arrange punctuation marks: specify all numbers in the place of which must be commas.

A.S. Pushkin called MV Lomonosov “our first university”. M.V. Lomonosov (1), as is known (2), tried to apply all his scientific achievements in practice. So (3) for example (4) he created the mosaic "Battle of Poltava", having developed methods of grinding and casting smalt.

Answer:_______________________________________

18. Arrange punctuation marks: indicate the number (s), in the place of which (s) in the sentence should be a comma (s).

Literary parody (1) the main task (2) of which (3) is irony (4) has served as a means of polemics since the times of Lomonosov and Sumarokov.

Answer:_______________________________________

19. Arrange the punctuation marks: include all numbers that must be followed by commas in the sentence.

The minutes of waiting dragged on for an agonizingly long time (1) and (2) when the arrows got close to eight (3) it seemed to Sergeev (4) that he had spent an eternity on this bench.

Answer:_______________________________________

Read the text and complete assignments 20 - 25.

(1) Money– it is a means of distributing material wealth according to work, and is by no means the goal of existence, not the basis of the prestige and influence of the individual. (2) However, for all its official role, money is constantly present in our relationships, and issues related to money represent a wide field for the formation of such qualities as honesty, nobility, modesty, delicacy, commitment. (3) In addition, fostering a correct view of the role of money is to instill in children their true meaning, to show their real place in a number of basic life values: knowledge, creative work, spiritual and intellectual communication. (4) This is probably why today parents are very worried about the influence of the family on the attitude towards material values, towards money. (5) What should and what can a family do in order to prevent manifestations of philistine self-interest, possessiveness, and "materialism" in children? (6) What should and what can a family do so that children who grow up in material prosperity, surrounded by many good and beautiful things, do not end up in spiritual captivity?

(7) At first, no one in the family attached importance to the fact that little Alyonka, when asked: "Give me a toy,"– invariably answered with a decisive refusal, energetically clutching a rattle or a rubber animal to her chest. (8) Soon, Alyonka's character began to cause some concern: she began to constantly quarrel with children over toys. (9) Indulgent acquaintances delicately reassured anxious parents: “Come on, this is a child! (10) Ordinary childish greed. (11) Don't worry. "

(12) There is a dubious theory that the so-called childish greed belongs to the category of natural, almost obligatory age characteristics. (13) Indeed, many "little greedy" grow up to be quite normal, even kind people. (14) Under the influence of upbringing and the environment, sometimes without a special parental "sight" in the developing character, positive traits take over– kindness, generosity. (15) But this is not always the case. (16) Large greedy ones grow, as a rule, from small greedy ones.

(17) Alena's greed, it was decided to declare war– a bloodless and "nerveless" war. (18) Yes, Alena did not have bad examples before her eyes, in her loved ones she could not observe either pettiness or self-interest. (19) But, apparently, more clear examples of kindness were needed and not humorous, but serious explanations.

(20) Now in the family, as often as possible, they tried to show each other signs of attention with gifts, and with Alena they often discussed the upcoming gift to relatives or friends. (21) They tried to make the girl see how loved ones easily, with pleasure, yield to each other even what she wanted to take for herself. (22) Grandma bought a blouse, figured– and fits well in size, and fits well to the face. (23) And in the evening she offered her daughter-in-law, for whom this blouse was more suitable. (24) Another time my mother came in a new kerchief, but put it on her grandmother's coat, saw how the kerchief fits well, and gave it to her grandmother.

(25) Maybe someone will dismissively answer: "Theater!" (26) But what is theater? (27) Where it is said that in family education "theater" – less worthy means than a "lecture hall"? (28) It is important that the “play” has a noble content.

(29) Pretty soon it became clear: Alena ceased to be a “spectator”. (30) Took out into the courtyard even the most senior representatives of the puppet society and an elegant carriage on thick tires. (31) Even the chocolate wedges were already shared automatically. (32) From a brand new embroidery kit I readily “gave out” a skein of thread to my mother or grandmother of some special, scarce tone at that time. (33) From her richest collection of scraps, she gave very valuable exhibits for decoration or repair.

(36) It has been noted more than once that in response to the question of sociologists and teachers: "What qualities do you try to bring up in children?"– parents call courage, hard work, will, honesty and much less often– kindness. (37) However, in recent years, kindness has begun to be remembered more often.– about kindness that opposes anger, coldness, cruelty. (38) But the word "kind" has another meaning: "not greedy, generous." (39) The most ordinary and also very necessary meaning for life.

(According to G.L. Mogilevskaya *)

* Galina Lvovna Mogilevskaya – modern publicist, author of the popular brochure Children and Money.

20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Enter the answer numbers.

1) Discussion of issues related to money can be used as a means of developing the best human qualities.

2) Greed is a common age-related feature that always goes away by itself as you get older.

3) Kindness and selflessness must be formed from childhood.

4) You can cultivate kindness and selflessness in a person if the parents are interested in their child having these qualities.

5) Alena showed greed because she saw bad examples of this quality.

Answer:_______________________________________

21. Which of the following statements are true? Enter the answer numbers.

1) Proposals 1-3 present the reasoning.

2) Sentence 13 confirms the content of Sentence 12.

3) Sentences 17-19 contain a description.

4) Sentences 22-24 illustrate the content of Sentence 21.

5) Sentences 38-39 are narrative.

Answer:_______________________________________

22. Write out a phraseological unit from sentence 14.

Answer:_______________________________________

23 ... Among sentences 1-8, find one that is related to the previous one using union and lexical repetition. Write the number of this sentence.

Answer:_______________________________________

Read the fragment of the review based on the text that you analyzed in completing tasks 20 – 23.

This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some of the terms used in the review are missing. Insert the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list in the places of the gaps (A, B, C, D). Write down the corresponding number in the table under each letter.

Write down the sequence of numbers in the ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number 24, starting from the first cell, no spaces, commas, or other additional characters.

Write each number in accordance with the samples provided in the form.

24. “In an effort to describe in detail the role of money in the life of society, the author uses the syntactic means – (A) ____________ (sentences 1, 2, 3). Lexical remedy – (B) ____________ ("greedy" in sentences 16, 35) – reveals the author's negative attitude to the manifestation of greed in a person, even a child. Reflecting on the essence of the concept of kindness, the author also uses lexical means: (B) ____________ ("kindness"– "Malice", "cruelty" in sentence 37) and (D) _____________ ("kind" – "Not greedy", "generous" in sentence 38) ".

List of terms:

1) contextual synonyms

2) comparison

3) colloquial word

4) rows of homogeneous members

5) dialogue

6) opposition

7) metonymy

8) antonyms

9) parceling

Answer:

Part 2

25. Write an essay based on the text you read.

Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid overquoting).

Formulate the position of the author (narrator). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Argument your opinion, relying primarily on the reader's experience, as well as on knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).

The length of the essay is at least 150 words.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

ANSWERS

OPTION 2 USE-2015

to the tasks of part 1

№ tasks

25 or > 52

take over top take over top

INFORMATION ABOUT TEXT

PART 2

Approximate range of problems