A. Pugacheva's song.

1 slide.

Student 1. 2017 is declared the year of ecology in Russia.

2 slide. 3 slide Pupil 2. THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA Specially protected natural areas Republic of Crimea adopted by the State Council Republic of Crimea October 22, 2014. This Law regulates relations in the field of organization, protection and use of specially protected natural areas of the Republic of Crimea in order to preserve unique and typical natural complexes and objects, noteworthy natural formations, objects of flora and fauna, their genetic fund, study of natural processes in the biosphere and control over changes in its condition, environmental education of the population

4 slide. Disciple 1. The list of PAs of Crimea, which are managed by the Administration of Specially Protected Natural Areas of the Republic of Crimea, includes more than 50 unique natural objects of the peninsula: Natural Park "Kalinovskiy" (12,000 hectares); State nature reserve "Lake Chokrak"; State Nature Reserve "Weeping Rock" (21.7 hectares); Natural monument "Suvorov Oak"; State natural reserve “Steppe area near the village. Klepinino "(3 ha) and others.

5 slide . Apprentice 1 . A unique section of the steppe, like the botanical reserve "Virgin Steppe", is located in the center of Crimea. This territory was left to observe the existing plant steppe communities, to find out the prospects for the development of these communities in the future.
6 slide Apprentice 2 ... The reserve was created with the aim of protecting, preserving valuable natural complexes and objects, their rational use and renewal.

7 slide. Student 1.
A section of the steppe near the village of Klepinino in the Republic of Crimea has been withdrawn from agricultural circulation since 1952. Scientists compare the state of vegetation on this reference plot "Virgin Steppe" with the vegetation of agricultural lands cultivated by man, draw conclusions about the degree of influence of anthropogenic factors on the plant communities of the peninsula. In addition, the observations concern the soil cover of these places.

Slide 8. Student 2. Crying rock one of the most beautiful and mesmerizing sightsCrimea - landscape reserve of national importance in the river valley within the territory of Simferopol district ... Created by ... Area - 21.7 hectares. Legend has it that this nature is crying, grieving for the lost deer that once walked in these places.

Slide 9. Student 1. The rock, which resembles a layered cake in its appearance, is all dotted with karst cracks, from which water constantly oozes. One gets the impression that she is crying with real tears, hence the self-explanatory name of this object.

Drops of water, rolling down the rock, gather together and flow in thin streams down into a pond filled with clear water, which remains crystal clear and icy even in a hot period.

Student 2. This corner of the wild Crimean nature surprises with its amazing pristine beauty and naturalness, and the phenomenon of the Weeping Rock delights and amazes the imagination. Once you see these "tears" with your own eyes, and an indelible impression will remain with you until the end of your life.

Slide 10. Student 1. "Suvorov Oak" near Belogorsk, under the mountain in the valley of the river. Biyuk-Karasu is a classic Crimean memorial tree.

Slide 11. Student 2. The age of this patriarch of the Crimean forest exceeds 700 years, its height reaches 18 meters, the trunk girth at the base is 12 meters. To hug a tree, you need at least ten people, which tourists enthusiastically check. Looking at him, you understand why they say: "strong as an oak". It is even difficult to imagine that such trees once made up floodplain oak forests.
For its uniqueness, the oak received the status of a natural monument of local importance and is officially known under the name Suvorovsky.
As the legend says, it was under this oak tree that Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov negotiated with the envoy of the Turkish Sultan in March 1777. This is evidenced by the shield installed nearby. It is quite possible that the tree survived thanks to the great commander, who was revered in Soviet times.

Slide 12.

Student 1. Lake Chokrak is perhaps the most mysterious, mysterious and unexpectedly interesting area in the Crimea. Nevertheless, most tourists bypass it, preferring the more promoted resorts of the South Coast. Lake Chokrak is often referred to as a generous gift from the planet Earth. All thanks to its unique healing factors, which include the most valuable mud and mineral springs.

Student 2. The total area of ​​Lake Chokrak is almost 9 square kilometers. However, its greatest depth does not exceed 1.5 meters. The shores of the lake are rocky, deserted and very picturesque Lake Chokrak is located in close proximity to the Sea of ​​Azov, it is separated from its water area by a narrow sandy cofferdam

Slide 13.

Student 1. In Crimea, there are a large number of natural parks, reserves and reserves. The Kalinovsky Landscape Park is easy to find. Enough, having entered the Crimea, turn near Sivash towards Dzhankoy and drive to the village of Transparent. Here, thanks to the efforts of local residents, a park of regional significance was created. When creating the Kalinovskiy park, one goal was pursued - the protection and preservation of the wetlands of this Crimean region.

Student 2. The area of ​​the park is 12 thousand hectares. There are several types of natural Crimean steppes on the territory of the park. These types of steppes in the landscape park are the standards of the vegetation of the Crimean steppe. It is home to about 150 species of birds. And another 60 species are observed as seasonal.

Doctrine 1. Thank you for the attention.

Anthem of Ecologists.

2. Natural Park "Karalarsky" (6806 hectares);

3. Natural park "Aeronautical complex" Uzun-Syrt mountain Klementyeva "(840 hectares);

4. Natural Park "White Rock" (2256 ha);

5. State nature reserve "Dzhangul landslide coast" (100 hectares); 6.

7. State natural reserve “Steppe area near the village. Solnechnoye "(5 hectares);

8. State nature reserve "Virgin steppe near the village of Grigoryevka" (208 hectares);

9. State nature reserve "Sasyk" (5000 ha);

10. State nature reserve "Osovinskaya steppe" (3472 hectares);

11. State nature reserve "Steppe area near the village. School "(224 hectares);

12. State nature reserve "Dolgorukovskaya Yayla" (2130 ha);

13.

14. State nature reserve "Pozharsky" (20 hectares);

15. State natural reserve "Prisivashsky" (1000 ha);

16. State nature reserve "Tepe-Oba mountain range" (1200 hectares);

17. State nature reserve "Arabatsky" (600 hectares); 1

8. State nature reserve "Lake Chokrak" (1000 ha);

19. State nature reserve "Astana Plavni" (50 hectares);

20. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex near the mountain range" Karaul-Oba "(90 hectares); 21. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex near the Ayu-Dag mountain” (150 hectares); 22. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex between the village. Novy Svet and the city of Sudak "(120 ha); 23. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Chauda” (90 hectares); 24. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Karangat” (150 hectares); 25. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Chroni" (180 hectares); 26. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at the Arabat arrow" (150 hectares); 27. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at the Dzhangul landslide coast" (180 hectares); 28. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at the Diva cliff and the Koshka mountain” (60 hectares); 29. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Ai-Todor" (120 hectares); 30. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Plaka" (60 hectares); 31. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex in the village. Solnechnogorskoe and with. Malorechenskoye "(60 hectares); 32. Natural monument "A section of the coast in the village. Nikolaevka "(5 hectares); 33. Natural monument "Table mountain-outlier Tepe-Kermen" (5 hectares); 34. Natural monument "Bakla" (5 hectares); 35. Natural monument “Sheludivaya Outlier Mountain” (5 hectares); 36. Natural monument “Rocks-islands of Adalary” (1 ha); 37. Natural monument "Frog Mountain" (5 hectares); 38. Natural monument "Rock of Iphigenia" (9 hectares); 39. Natural monument “Mountain Bolgatura tract” (1.9 hectares); 40. Natural monument "Meganom Peninsula" (651.591 ha); 41 (0.09 ha); 42. Natural monument "Red Stone" (2 hectares); 43. Natural monument "Belbek canyon" (100 hectares); 44. Natural monument "Mount Ak-Kaya" (30 hectares); 45. Natural monument "Mountain Cat" (50 hectares); 46. ​​Monument of nature “Outlier Mountain“ Mangup-Kale ”(90 hectares); 47. Natural monument "Dzhau-Tepe Hill" (10 hectares); 48. Landscape and recreational park "Donuzlav" (2335 hectares); 49. Landscape and recreational park "Cape Takil" (850 hectares); 50. Landscape and recreational park "Atlesh" (260 hectares); 51. Landscape and recreational park "Tikhaya Bukhta" (1508 hectares); 52. Landscape and recreational park "Fox Bay - Echki-Dag" (1561 hectares); 53. Reserved natural boundary "Balka Bolshoi Kastel" (20 hectares).

General information:
The rock became a state nature reserve on February 13, 1989. On the territory of the protected natural site, hunting is temporarily prohibited and the plants are under special protection. The Weeping Rock is located in the gorge of the Western Bulganak River and occupies an area of ​​21.7 hectares. Belongs to the fourth category of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The block is approximately 9 meters high. And the length is 110 meters.

The origin of the name “Weeping Rock”, according to one version, symbolizes grief over the animals mercilessly killed by man. Once upon a time, a large number of deer lived in the vicinity of Simferopol. But the hunters showed an unrestrained interest in the prey of these animals. One by one the deer died, and when the last died, the rock began to ooze tears. The task of the reserve is to leave this area in its original and intact form.

Today the reserve is a popular tourist destination and is glad to welcome everyone. The light flickering in the morning or evening on the slopes of the Crimean rock, along which droplets of running water roll into the pond, will not leave any guest indifferent. Here you can take stunning photographs for both professional direction and for home collection.

Suvorov oak (Belogorsk district)

"Suvorov Oak" near Belogorsk, under the mountain in the valley of the river. Biyuk-Karasu is a classic Crimean memorial tree.

The Suvorov oak is a monument of wildlife, a witness to the historical events of eight centuries, majestically spread its branches in a wide field in that sacred place of the mountainous Crimea, where the steppes converge with the tops of the mountains. It was here in the second half of the 18th century that the most important historical events took place that forever changed the fate of Crimea, after which the peninsula became part of the Russian Empire. Since then, the oak has been called Suvorovsky in honor of the protagonist of Russia's victory

  1. 1. Crimean natural reserve Geographical position. The purpose and history of the creation of the reserve. Research. Flora and fauna. The work was completed by the 11th grade student Rybalchenko Alla
  2. 2. Geographic location of the reserve  Crimean reserve is one of the oldest in Crimea and Ukraine. The main part of the reserve occupies the center of the Main ridge of the Crimean Mountains, the branch of the reserve is located in the west of the Crimean steppe zone and occupies part of the water area of ​​the Karkinitsky Gulf of the Black Sea. The area of ​​the mountain-forest part of the Crimean Nature Reserve is formed from the sections of the mountains of the Main Ridge, the hollow between the mountains and the slopes of the Inner Ridge of the Crimean Mountains.
  3.  The highest mountain ranges of Crimea are located here - Yalta Yaila, Gurzuf Yayla, Babugan-Yaila, Chatyr-Dag-Yaila. Most of the massifs are stretched from the south-west to the north-east and have a cuesta structure. A large amount of precipitation and dense forest cover determined that many Crimean rivers originate in the central part of the reserve - Alma, Kacha, Tevelchuk, Kosse, Marta, Ulu-Uzen, Avunda, Derekoyka, Donga. There are about 300 mountain springs and springs, among which the most famous is Salyukh-Su, thanks to its healing water with silver ions.
  4. 4.  Limestone rocks, which make up most of the rocks on the territory of the reserve, have led to the wide distribution of karst landforms: cavities, wells, grottoes, mines and caves. The general relief of the main part of the reserve is distinguished by significant differences in elevation, ruggedness and heterogeneity.
  5. 5. The purpose and history of the creation of the reserve  The Crimean reserve was organized in 1928. It occupies 33397 hectares. in the central part of the Main Crimean Ridge. The protected area is home to over 1200 species of plants (almost half of the entire flora of Crimea), inhabited by over 200 species of vertebrates (half of those found in Crimea).
  6. 6.  Great scientific, cultural and educational value of the reserve. On the periphery of the protected area, several recreational sections of ecological paths have been created, where tourists in organized groups, without harming nature, get acquainted with its riches.
  7. 7.  On Chatyrdag, the most beautiful cave "Marble" is equipped for mass visits. A branch of the reserve, the Lebezhi Islands, is located near the northwestern shores of Crimea. Here is one of the largest concentrations of waterfowl in Eastern Europe: more than 230 species, of which 18 species are listed in the Red Book.
  8. 8.  Annually, up to 5 thousand swans flock to molt from the south, and the colony of saeks-laughter numbers more than 30 thousand individuals. During the summer season, gulls kill almost 2 million ground squirrels and up to 8 million mice - pests of fields. In Alushta, under the management of the Crimean Reserve, the Museum of Nature and the Arboretum have been created, where you can get acquainted with the natural resources of mountain forests.
  9. 9. Flora and fauna  The Crimean reserve is distinguished by the richness of vegetation. More than 1200 plant species grow here, of which 29 are included in the European Red List (Crimean eremut, Krvmsky cotoneaster, Siberian Sobolev, Dzevanovsky thyme, purple and red-headed lagoseris, prangos tripartite), and another 9 species are protected by the Bren Convention. Of particular value are oak, beech and hornbeam forests, which play an important water and soil protection role.
  10. 10.  100 species of plants and fungi growing in the reserve are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine. The reserve is home to the largest population of the Crimean subspecies of red deer in Crimea. The levs are inhabited by the Crimean roe deer, mouflon, black vulture, griffon vulture and other rare animals. Of the small mammals, the hedgehog is often found. The red fox is ubiquitous (black-brown specimens are occasionally encountered). The forests are inhabited by a badger, weasel.

imperial hunts. At that time, a huntsman service was organized for the tsarist hunting reserve, and on Mount Bolshaya Chuchel, forest areas were allocated for the demonstration of animals brought to the Crimea - Caucasian deer, Dagestan tours and bezoar goats, Corsican mouflons, bison. With the coming of Soviet power to Crimea, in 1923, a reserve with an area of ​​about 23 thousand hectares was created on the site of the tsarist reserve, a meteorological station appeared here, a laboratory in which scientists conduct their research. During the Great Patriotic War, the reserve was badly damaged by fires, bison were completely destroyed and almost all of the livestock of deer, roe deer and other large animals perished. In 1957, the reserve was transformed into the Crimean State Wildlife Preservation and Hunting Economy. During the times of Soviet leaders NS Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev, the former reserve turned into a hunting ground for high-ranking officials not only from the USSR, but also from other countries. The status of the reserve was returned to this territory only in June 1991 by a decree of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR. Currently, it is one of the largest, most interesting and important nature conservation institutions in Russia.

Reserves of Crimea

The presentation was prepared by the primary school teacher of the Rodnikovskaya school-gymnasium Mashakova A.Sh.


  • Reserve- a section of the territory on which its entire natural complex is preserved in its natural state. Hunting and any human economic activity are prohibited here. Reserves are usually closed to tourists. it strictly guarded territory!
  • In Crimea, their 7 .

CRIMEAN NATURAL RESERVE


It was organized in 1928. There are more than 200 species of vertebrates (half of those found in Crimea). The forests are inhabited by red deer, Crimean roe deer, mouflon, black vulture, griffon vulture and other rare animals.

More than 1200 species of plants grow on the territory (almost half of the entire flora of Crimea). Of particular value are oak, beech and hornbeam forests.







One of the largest in Crimea. Created in 1973.

Any economic activity is prohibited on the territory of the reserve, except for scientific and research developments.

In the mountainous part of the reserve there is Mount Ai-Petri, the famous Devil's Ladder, Three-eyed (Ice) Cave, Uchan-Su waterfall.


Pass Devil's Ladder

Three-Eyed Cave


Mountain slopes

  • Forests cover 75% of the entire territory. On the mountain slopes there are pine forests (57%), beech and hornbeam.


Cape Martyan

Located to the east of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, the area is 240 hectares. It was created in 1973 and is intended to preserve a piece of Mediterranean nature in the Crimea. A relict Mediterranean forest is protected here, where more than 500 plant species grow.

The communities of the rarest relic - the red strawberry tree, listed in the International Red Book, are of particular value.


"Red Books"

Pistachio blunt-leaved

Juniper high



Swan islands- a branch of the Crimean Natural Reserve.

Here is one of the largest concentrations of waterfowl in Eastern Europe: more than 230 species, of which 18 are listed in the Red Book.

Every year, up to 5 thousand fly here from the south. swans.



Colony of gulls - laughter

There are more than 30 thousand individuals. Over the summer, seagulls kill almost 2 million. ground squirrels and up to 8 million mice.



Karadag reserve

The youngest on the peninsula (1979), located in the southeast of Crimea.

The flora contains about 1050 plant species.

Only here the Poyarkova hawthorn lives


Koktebel tulip

Yaskolka (Crimean edelweiss)





Area 450 hectares. Located on the northwestern coast of the Kerch Peninsula (Leninsky District, Shchelkino).

Founded in 1998 It represents virgin areas of feather-grass steppe.

From plants grow here white violet, tulips, 5 species of feather grass, Galiev's cornflower, thin-leaved peony, etc.

The Red Book contains 225 plant species.





35 species of animals are included in the Red Book (yellow snake, snakes, steppe viper, steppe harrier, kestrel, ferret, ground squirrel, etc.)

Steppe ferret




  • The Opuksky nature reserve was created in 1998 in the south of the Kerch Peninsula for the preservation and reproduction of steppe natural complexes of the plain Crimea and aquacomplexes of the Black Sea.
  • Opuksky reserve area is 1592.3 hectares, of which 62 hectares are the waters of the Black Sea with the islands of Skaly-Korabli, rising in the sea 4 km from the coast.




In addition to nature reserves in Crimea, there are:

32 state reserve,

73 protected natural monuments,

25 protected botanical gardens and parks-monuments,

11 protected natural boundaries.

Natural wealth is needed keep and augment !


Specially protected natural areas of Crimea

Slide number 1

The purpose of the lesson: explore the protected natural areas of Crimea; get acquainted with the types of specially protected natural areas, their function; to study the development of the reserve fund in Crimea.

Subject results. To teach to highlight the essential features of specially protected areas of Crimea; show the role of protected areas (specially protected areas) for the conservation of biological diversity of the biosphere; to form the ability to compare the CBOs of Crimea, to draw conclusions and conclusions based on the comparison.

Personal results: the formation of an ecological culture based on the recognition of the value of life in all its manifestations and the need for a responsible, respectful attitude to the environment;

Metasubject results: the ability to work with different sources of biological information: find biological information in various sources (textbook text, popular science and reference literature), analyze and evaluate information; the ability to classify - to determine the belonging of biological objects to a certain systematic group; the ability to compare biological objects and processes, to be able to draw conclusions and inferences based on comparison.

Basic concepts and terms: specially protected areas, world heritage sites, nature reserves, reserves, national parks, natural monuments, arboretums, botanical gardens.

Equipment and materials : computer, screen, lesson presentation, printouts of didactic material for students.

Lesson type: discovery of new knowledge, acquisition of new skills and abilities.

Teaching methods : explanatory and illustrative, problem-searching, brainstorming, group work.

During the classes

    Organization of the class (3 minutes)

Poems about the responsibility of man for the preservation of nature against the background of music

Good afternoon, guys, today we have an unusual lesson, a lesson that makes you think, change your view of nature. I would like to start my lesson with a wonderful poem by the poet Alexander Smirnov.

Slides number 2,3

There is just a temple, there is a temple of science,

(slides number 4.5)
And there is also a nature temple, with forests, stretching their hands towards the sun and winds.

(Slide 6.7)

He is holy at any time of the year, open to us in heat and cold. Come in here, be a little bit heart

(Slide number 8)
Do not desecrate his shrines.

Slide number 9

Teacher questions:

    Who is the poet addressing?

    What is the purpose of writing this poem?

    Updating the basic knowledge of students (4 minutes)

Slides number 9,10

What unites the organisms shown on the slide? (endemic)

Slides number 11,12

What unites the organisms shown on the slide? (relics)

Slides number 13,14

What unites the organisms on the slide? (rare and endangered species of Crimea)

    Problem situation (2 minutes)

Slide number 15

Daily Extinction Facts (Graph)

Slides number 16,17

Biodiversity and its role in the conservation of the biosphere

What to do in a similar situation?

    Searching for a way out of a problem situation by the method of brainstorming (2 minutes)

Assumption : to protect biodiversity at all levels: global, state, regional, local.

The key word is guard!

    Mini-lecture (15 minutes)

Slide number 18

Specially protected natural areas - territories within which they are protected from traditional economic use and maintain their natural state in order to maintain ecological balance, as well as for scientific, educational, cultural and aesthetic purposes.

Slide number 19

At present, the total number of protected natural areas in the world has exceeded 2600, with a total area of ​​over 4 million km2, which is 3% of the land area.

Slide number 20

Reserves - areas of natural areas within which (permanently or temporarily) certain types and forms of human economic activity are prohibited.

Reserves - specially protected areas (and water areas), completely excluded from any economic activity for the sake of preserving rare and endangered species.

Reserved hunting economy - a plot of territory allocated for intensive reproduction of game and intended for strictly regulated hunting.

National Park - usually a vast area of ​​territory allocated for the conservation of nature for health and aesthetic purposes, as well as in the interests of science, culture and education.

Natural monument - individual natural objects (waterfalls, caves, geysers, unique gorges, age-old trees, etc.) of scientific, historical, cultural and aesthetic significance.

Slide number 21

World heritage site - in 1972, in the face of the growing threat to the natural and cultural heritage of mankind, UNESCO adopted the World Heritage Convention, establishing a Fund, the funds of which are used to protect monuments of world culture, unique natural areas or objects, usually of national importance. Currently, 337 natural and cultural sites are included in the International World Heritage List.

Slide number 22

Analyze the table. Highlight the top three.Determine in which country the reserve management is most developed, and which country practically does not deal with issues of nature protection.

Slide number 23

1. The top three leaders are:

1st place - New Zealand, 2nd place - Austria, 3rd place - Russia and Costa Rica

2. The most developed nature reserve is in New Zealand (16% of the country - CBO)

3. Practically does not deal with issues of nature protection Nicaragua (0.12% of the country - OOT)

Slide number 24

Reserves of Crimea

Slides number 25 -32

Crimean state reserve

Slides number 33-35

Cape Martyan

Slides number 36 -39

Karadag

Slides number 40-44

Opuksky

Slides number 45-47

Kazantip

    Reinforce what you learned (17 minutes)

Slide number 48

Working with the table. The teacher explains the conditions for working in groups. Asks to find task number 1 on the tables. Students complete the task. Self-test.

Slide number 49

The teacher explains the conditions of the task number 2, asks to find it on the tables. Semantic reading, error detection in texts. Mutual verification.

Correspondence of terms and their definitions (task number 3).

The teacher walks between the tables and checks the correctness of the execution

assigning points to groups.

Slide number 50

    Reflection (2 minutes)

    Have you learned something new today?

    What seemed the most interesting?

    What is the most important thing that you have learned in your opinion?

    What conclusion have you come to?

Slide number 51

Take care of the Crimean nature for future generations! Goodbye!