Yevgeny Primakov was an outstanding political figure of the USSR and the Russian Federation in the late XX and early XXI centuries.

He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs, the head of Russian intelligence, and headed the Council of the Union of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

During the presidency of B.N. Yeltsin was the prime minister of the country's government. He was a renowned orientalist and academician.

He was a world-class figure who enjoyed great respect at home and abroad. He was distinguished by his steadfastness and pragmatism in defending the interests of his homeland.

Date of birth of Evgeny Primakov

Born on October 29, 1929 in Kiev.

Evgeny Primakov's childhood

After the birth of Yevgeny, his mother moved to relatives in Tiflis, where the future politician spent his childhood and youth in his grandmother's house.

Evgeny Primakov with his mother photo

After graduating from seven classes of school, he became a cadet (1944) of the Baku Naval Preparatory School, where he managed to complete an internship on a training ship. However, two years later, E. Primakov was expelled from the school for health reasons due to the detection of signs of tuberculosis.

He continued his studies in high school, where teachers highlighted his mathematical abilities and aptitude for learning foreign languages. These qualities allowed him in 1948, after graduating from school, to enter the Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies.

Primakov's parents

The future politician was brought up mainly by his mother Anna Yakovlevna, who after the birth of the child moved to her mother in the capital of Georgia. She was a midwife-gynecologist at the Transcaucasian Railway Hospital. Then she worked in the women's consultation at a knitwear factory. His grandmother helped look after the boy.

As follows from the memoirs of Yevgeny Maksimovich himself, he did not see his father, there is almost no information about him, presumably he was arrested in 1937 and his trace disappears in the gulag. Subsequently, Primakov's mother married a general of the Georgian NKVD. She died in 1972.

Primakov's biography

In 1953, he received a diploma in Arab countries and studied at the postgraduate study at the Faculty of Economics at the Lomonosov Moscow State University. The young talented scientist was noticed and invited to work in the State Committee on Television and Radio Broadcasting of the USSR. Here he worked as a correspondent, deputy editor-in-chief and editor-in-chief, organized broadcasting to the countries of the Arab world.

Evgeny Primakov photo

In the 60s of the last century, he worked for the newspaper "Pravda", was its own correspondent for this publication in the Middle East. Here he became closely acquainted with the most prominent representatives of the political elites of this region. Researching the economic and political problems of the Arab countries, he became a candidate of economic sciences in 1959, having defended a dissertation on the export of capital to these countries.

Ten years later, he became a Ph.D. for his study of the social and economic development of Egypt. He headed the academic institutes of oriental studies, world economy and international relations. He was an academician of the Union Academy of Sciences, professor of the Academy for the training of diplomatic personnel. In the 1980s, he began to actively engage in political activities.

He was elected a People's Deputy of the USSR, Chairman of the Council of the USSR Union, a member of the Presidential Council and the Security Council of the USSR. In September 1991, he transferred to work as First Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Security Committee. From the end of 1991 to January 1996, he headed the intelligence services of the Union and the foreign intelligence of Russia. In January 1996, he was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. He works in this position until September 1998.

As the head of the country's foreign policy department, he managed to carry out some reforms that strengthened the diplomatic position of the state.

Prime Minister Primakov, reforms

In September 1998, the State Duma of the Russian Federation approved E.M. Primakov. chairman of the Russian government. In his speeches after his appointment, he indicated his commitment to the reforms being carried out in the country. This was manifested in active work to attract foreign investment for economic development and stabilization of the social situation.

For a short period as prime minister, Primakov, according to public opinion polls, managed to achieve stabilization in the economy and social development. The authority of Russia in the world, its political and economic ties with other states have been strengthened.

In this, the government of the country began to play an increasing role. However, due to concerns about the excessive independence of the head of government, his insufficient loyalty to President B.N. Yeltsin u, Primakov E.M. was dismissed from office due to the slowdown of reforms and the need to give them a new impetus. According to estimates of that time, the overwhelming majority of the population reacted negatively to such a decision.

Yevgeny Primakov's family

Evgeny Maksimovich married Laura Kharadze in 1951. In 1954 the son Alexander was born. In 1962, their daughter Nana was born. The wife died in 1987, the son died in 1981. There are grandchildren.

Cause and date of Primakov's death, where he was buried

E. M. Primakov suffered from liver cancer for a long time. Operations and treatment by the best specialists in the country and abroad have not yielded results. He died on June 26, 2015. Buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow. Military honors were given to him. On his last journey he was seen off by the highest officials of the state and the clergy. The funeral ceremony was broadcast on central television.

Awards and prizes of Evgeny Primakov

Orders - Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1975), Order of Friendship of Peoples (1979), Order of the Badge of Honor (1985), Order of Merit to the Fatherland, III degree (1995), Order of Merit to the Fatherland, II degree (1998), Order of Merit to Fatherland I degree (2009), etc. He was awarded many foreign orders and medals.

Laureate of the Nasser Prize (1974), Laureate of the State Prize (1980), Laureate of the Avicenna Prize (1983), Laureate of the Golden Aquarius Prize (2003), etc.

  • With the name of E.M. Primakov is connected with the episode when, in March 1999, on his way to America on an official visit, after learning about NATO's decision to bomb Yugoslavia, he ordered to turn the plane over the Atlantic Ocean and return to Moscow. Political analysts note that this was the first time it was demonstrated to the world that Russia does not tolerate talk from a position of strength and is reviving its status as a great power.
  • According to the information of authoritative British publications, during his business trip to the Middle East, Primakov was more engaged in collecting intelligence information for the country's top leadership. At that time he was a career intelligence officer with the call sign "Maxim".
  • His many scientific and journalistic works were repeatedly translated into English, Arabic, Bulgarian, Greek, Italian, Chinese, German, French, Japanese and other languages ​​and were republished abroad.
  • In August 1991 Primakov E.M. together with other politicians supported Gorbachev and M.S. and opposed the Emergency Committee.
  • When appointed to a post in the KGB of the USSR, he renounced the rank of general, becoming the first civilian intelligence chief in the country's history.

Evgeny Maksimovich Primakov (10/29/1929 - 06/26/2015)- Soviet and Russian economist, politician and statesman.

http://echospb.ru/articles/271254/

  • Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences (1977-1985)
  • Director of IMEMO Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1985-1989)
  • Director of the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (1991-1996)
  • Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (1996-1998)
  • Chairman (1998-1999)
  • President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation
  • Academician of the Russian

In 1953, Yevgeny Maksimovich Primakov began his career as a correspondent in the structure of the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting at the invitation of Sergei Kaverin, editor-in-chief of the Arabic edition of the Main Directorate of Radio Broadcasting to Foreign Countries.

Evgeny Primakov disease

Father Maxim Yegorovich (1892-1938), was repressed three months after the birth of his son. At the age of two, Primakov Yevgeny with his mother moved with his mother to Tbilisi. In the documents, he is listed as Russian, but the real name of his father is Filkenstein. Mother - Anna Yakovlevna Kirshenblat (1896-1972), worked as an obstetrician-gynecologist.

Education

In 1948, Yevgeny graduated from a men's high school in Tbilisi; his favorite subjects were history, literature and mathematics.

In 1956, he completed his postgraduate studies at the Lomonosov Faculty of Economics, became a senior researcher at the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the USSR Academy of Sciences (IMEMO). In the same year he wrote the book "The Countries of Arabia and Colonialism."

In 1959 he defended his Ph.D. thesis on the topic: "Exporting capital to some Arab countries - a means of ensuring monopoly high profits", became a candidate of economic sciences. In the same year he was admitted to the CPSU.

In 1969, Primakov defended his dissertation on the topic "Social and Economic Development of Egypt," and received an academic degree - Doctor of Economics.

In 1972 E.M. Primakov received the academic title of professor. In the same year he co-authored the book International Conflicts of the Sixties and Seventies.

Career

From 1956 to 1962, Primakov worked as executive editor, deputy editor-in-chief, editor-in-chief.

In 1957 he made his first trip to the East, a cruise in the Mediterranean.

1962: during this period, his cooperation with Soviet intelligence began, he was a senior researcher at IMEMO. In the same year, due to a conflict with curators from the Propaganda and Agitation Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU, he submitted a letter of resignation of his own free will and worked in the Pravda newspaper as a literary employee, columnist for the Department of Asian countries, etc.

Since 1965, Primakov worked as a correspondent for Pravda in the Middle East with a stay in Cairo, as deputy editor of the Asia and Africa department. During his service in the Middle East, he met with politicians: Zuein and Nimeiri.

From December 30, 1970 to 1977, Primakov was Deputy Director of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) of the USSR Academy of Sciences Nikolai Inozemtsev.

In 1977-1985, Primakov was the director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.

In 1986-1989, Yevgeny was a candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee, and in 1989 he was elected a member of the Central Committee.

Primakov - Academician-Secretary of the Department of Economics, since 1988 - Department of World Economy and International Relations, member of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In February of the same year, he was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

From June 3, 1989 to March 31, 1990, Primakov was the 11th chairman of the Council of the Union of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

In 1990, Evgeny Maksimovich became the winner of the George Kennan Prize. 1990-1991 - Member of the Presidential Council of the USSR. He was a member of Mikhail Gorbachev's inner circle.

Until 1991, Primakov was a People's Deputy of the USSR.

Since 1991 - an academician, and in March of the same year he became a member of the USSR Security Council.

From December 26, 1991 to January 9, 1996, Primakov was the 1st director of the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service.

In 1996, E. M. Primakov was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.

From December 2001 to February 21, 2011, Primakov served as president of the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

Yevgeny Primakov's family

  • Mother - Primakova (Kirshenblat) Anna Yakovlevna (1896-1972).
  • Father - Primakov (Filkenstein) Maxim Egorovich (1892-1938)
  • Primakov's cousin is a prominent Soviet biologist Yakov Davidovich Kirshenblat.
  • First wife - Laura Kharadze (1930-1987).
  • Son - Primakov Alexander Evgenievich (1954-1981). Daughter - Nana (born in 1962).
  • Grandchildren: Eugene (born in 1984), Alexandra (born in 1982), Maria (born in 1997).
  • Second wife - Primakova Irina Borisovna (born in 1952).

The death of Yevgeny Primakov is the reason

According to some reports, Primakov had cancer - a brain tumor.

In the winter of 2013, he underwent surgery at the Blokhin Russian Cancer Center.

Awards

State awards and prizes

  • 1975 - Order of the Red Banner of Labor;
  • 1979 - Order of Friendship of Peoples;
  • 1980 - Laureate of the USSR State Prize;
  • 1985 - Order of the Badge of Honor;
  • 1995 - Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree;
  • 1998 - Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree - for services to the state and great contribution to the implementation of the foreign policy of Russia;
  • 2004 - Order of Honor - for a great contribution to the social and economic development of the Russian Federation and many years of conscientious work;
  • 2009 - Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st degree - for outstanding services to the state in the development of international cooperation, strengthening of foreign economic relations of the Russian Federation and many years of fruitful scientific activity;
  • 2014 - Laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation for outstanding achievements in the field of humanitarian work in 2013;
  • 2014 - Order of Alexander Nevsky - for the achieved labor success, long-term conscientious work and active social activity.
  • Confessional awards
  • 2009 - Order of the Holy Blessed Prince Daniel of Moscow, I degree (October 29, 2009) - for many years of fruitful public activity and state services;
  • 2012 - Order "Al-Fakhr" I degree (the highest award of the Council of Muftis of Russia) - for an outstanding contribution to the fruitful service to the multinational Russian society, strengthening cooperation between the peoples of the Russian Federation and the Arab-Muslim world, as well as the development of the national school of Islamic studies and the training of qualified cadres of scientists-orientalists;
  • 2014 - Order of Glory and Honor I degree (ROC, October 29, 2014) - in consideration of the works and in connection with the significant date.

Awards of foreign countries

  • Order of Friendship of Peoples (Belarus, March 22, 2005) - for a great personal contribution to the development and strengthening of Belarusian-Russian relations;
  • Order of Dostyk I degree () (2007);
  • Order "Danaker" (December 22, 2005) - for a significant contribution to the strengthening of friendship and cooperation, the development of trade and economic relations between the Kyrgyz Republic and the Russian Federation;
  • Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, V degree (Ukraine, October 27, 2004) - for an outstanding personal contribution to the development of Ukrainian-Russian economic and political relations and in connection with the 75th anniversary of his birth;
  • Order of Friendship (1999);
  • Order of the Republic (Pridnestrovskaia Moldavskaia Respublika, 2009);
  • Order of Solidarity (2010);
  • Anniversary medal "20 years of independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan" (2012).
  • Departmental awards
  • Commemorative medal of A.M. Gorchakov (Russia, 2001);
  • Lomonosov Grand Gold Medal (RAS), 2008.

Public awards

  • Laureate of the Nasser (1974);
  • Winner of the Avicenna Prize (1983);
  • Winner of the George Kennan Prize (1990);
  • Laureate of the International Prize. Hugo Grotius - for his enormous contribution to the development of international law and for the creation of the doctrine of a multipolar world (2000);
  • Laureate of the International Prize "Golden Aquarius" in the category "For Honor and Dignity" (2003);
  • Laureate of the national award of business reputation "Darin" of the Russian Academy of Business and Entrepreneurship in 2002;
  • Laureate of the Demidov Prize for 2012.

V everything that is in a person is from childhood. If you overfeed a child with jelly, Oblomov will grow. But Mussolini, for example, was often beaten in childhood. It turned out to be a dictator. Zhenya Primakov never fought at all, because he could turn any situation in his favor. It turned out to be a diplomat. When Yevgeny Primakov became prime minister, his school friends from Tbilisi, of course, congratulated Zhenya. But there was no sincerity in their congratulations. And not because they do not like an old friend or envy, but quite the opposite - they regret. The place of the Russian prime minister is like an enchanted one - everyone is on fire: Gaidar, Chernomyrdin, Kirienko. Primakov's classmate and his friend Rafik Demargaryan said bluntly: “I’m sorry for Zhenya, but, on the other hand, I know for sure that no matter what he undertakes, he always succeeds.”

Obstetrician's prediction in pince-nez

E Vgeniy Maksimovich Primakov was born, like many of us - right, head first. The head was large and round. "Brash yaky, football player bude!" - said the Ukrainian doctor who took delivery.

"Why, by all means, a football player?" - the old obstetrician in pince-nez was surprised, - pay attention to the frontal lobes and the occipital part - this is the scientist's head. This historic dialogue took place on October 29, 1929. Yevgeny Primakov did not make a football player, so we can assume that the obstetrician was right.

Evgeny Maksimovich does not remember his father; from Kiev he and his mother moved to Tiflis together. Anna Yakovlevna believed that she was very lucky: firstly, she was immediately hired as a gynecologist at a silk-weaving factory, and secondly, she was issued an order for housing, a fourteen-meter room in a communal apartment. In the thirties, not everyone was so lucky.

House number 10 on St. Petersburg Street was the most beautiful. Brick, four-story, with a wide marble staircase, spacious rooms and high ceilings. Communal apartments are a Soviet invention. Once this house belonged to a tsarist general. In addition to military service, the general was known as a successful businessman and philanthropist. He rented apartments to poor, intelligent families. The Bolsheviks, of course, condensed the intelligentsia.

The Primakovs' neighbors were the Kvartskhava family. Anna Yakovlevna and her son were accepted immediately, helped to get settled, to put things in order. The news that a highly qualified gynecologist appeared in Tiflis spread instantly. They walked to Anna Primakova day and night. Often, coming home from work, she found a whole line of women waiting for her. Zhenya opened the door and told his mother: "There is Sofiko with a child who was walking with his ass." Or: "Again, Nana has little milk."


At school they listened to him with open mouths.

V first grade Zhenya was a whole week late. The strict teacher said that during this time the guys learned a lot: write sticks with a tilt, repeat in chorus and count to ten. What can a newcomer do?

“A small, well-knit boy, not at all embarrassed, got up and began to read Pushkin,” recalls his classmate Rafik Demargaryan. - We were all stunned. They listened with open mouths, but he read and recited everything by heart. All our achievements in writing sticks and hooks gradually faded, became insignificant. After this lesson, the nickname "Our Pushkin" stuck to Zhenya. True, it did not last long, painfully Zhenya did not look like Alexander Sergeevich: small eyes under heavy eyelids, a mole on his cheek ... Our Pushkin soon turned into Our Zhenya. This is what we still call him. " Once, when Zhenya was eleven, a girl was born to a neighbor in a communal apartment, and there was no one to pick up her mother and daughter from the maternity hospital - it was a working day, and then they were imprisoned for being late or not showing up for work. The birth of a child was not considered a good reason. Yevgeny Primakov himself hired a phaeton (then in Tiflis it was the most common type of private transport) and went to pick up his neighbor himself. He was entrusted with carrying the precious parcel, and all the way home he kept the tiny sleeping girl in his lap. She was named Natela. Natela Solomonovna Kvartskhava still lives in house number ten. With the assistance of Yevgeny Maksimovich, she was allowed to leave the small room where the Primakovs lived. “We lived as one family,? recalls Natela, - Anna Yakovlevna was my second mother. This woman had a rare gift - she empathized with people so much, delved into their problems, helped as much as she could, everyone felt like the most needed person, person next to her. She was treated with a variety of diseases. She treated colds, poisoning, flushed stomachs, pierced ears, repaired dislocations ...

It is not known where and when Zhenya did his homework in this mess. I've never seen him memorize anything from a textbook. It seems that he did not even take books in his hands, but was always prepared for studies. "

It was this phenomenon that always surprised his school friend Pavel Gordeladze: “I have never seen a more collected, balanced person in my life. He analyzed the situation amazingly and always drew the right conclusions. Everyone ran together until late at night, played, climbed for apples or grapes. In the morning at school everyone has two's, and Zhenya always has five's. I pestered our Wife several times, how he always manages to be prepared for the lesson. He replied that, apparently, this is how his head is arranged. "


Parmen Zosimovich's mistake

"O Once, when all our friends suffered a complete fiasco in mathematics, our beloved teacher Parmen Zosimovich Kukava called Zhenya. Zhenya got up and, with an expression of terrible anguish on his face, said that he had not learned his lesson either. Parmen Zosimovich, of course, did not believe it and did not give a two. This upset Zhenya terribly. "Why didn't he put a couple on me?" Primakov wondered. “You should have seen yourself from the outside,” I tried to explain to him, “you cannot lie with such an expression, you have everything written on your face. You had to get up, lower your head, and, sniffling with frustration, without looking at the teacher's face, say that you forgot your notebook at home, there is no one at home, and you lost your key. If they call you to the board to say that your hand hurts, then everyone would understand that you don't know the lesson. " Zhenya and I even rehearsed this monologue several times, but nothing came of it: he pronounced the usual phrases with such a sense of his own dignity that I, like Stanislavsky, shouted: “I don’t believe”. That was the end of our attempts to equalize the situation in the school. "

There is no doubt that the new prime minister will not "substitute" his ministers for their failures and blunders, but will try to take the blame upon himself. Another question is how convincingly he will succeed.


Why the arrows on his trousers never wrinkle

"N Admittedly, our school was very special, and besides, it was for men. Everyone called her "14th Guards", and the students - "guards". It was extremely honorable to study there. The school was located on Plekhanovskaya Street. This is about the same as the Arbat in Moscow. And the teachers were extraordinary. We were not afraid of any of them, but we respected them immensely. For us, the teachers were some kind of celestials, not like all other people. I remember one very funny conversation. Our whole company studied either in the first or in the second grade, we argued and came to the conclusion that teachers never go to the toilet. He is unnecessary for them. Now it seems complete nonsense and stupidity, but then it was part of their absolute authority. The teachers singled out Zhenya, it seems to me, they even demanded stricter ones. Elena Vasilievna saw his extraordinary ability for languages, and Parmen Zosimovich believed that Zhenya should seriously study mathematics. By the way, the mathematician Kukava, until his death, was offended by Yevgeny Primakov for not going to a mathematical university. On each of his visits, Evgeny Maksimovich went to his beloved teacher, hugged him by the shoulders and, with a sly one in his eyes, asked: “Well, what would I become if I went to a mathematical institute? Well, a professor of mathematics. And you raised a doctor of economic sciences, editor-in-chief of the Main Directorate of Radio Broadcasting to foreign countries, your own correspondent for Pravda in the Middle East. "

No one could compare in the art of wearing ironed trousers with the geographer Yevgeny Ivanovich Antonov. For a long time, the young men cast envious glances at his ideal bearing, until they delegated Yevgeny Primakov to find out the secret. Yevgeny Ivanovich, without saying a word, took off Zhenya's trousers, folded it along the seam, rubbed the edge with soap and smoothed it out. The folds turned out to be excellent, since then the whole company looked like London dandies.

Zhenya grew up and realized, of course, that teachers are also people and they cannot do without a toilet. And yet, the first thing that Yevgeny Primakov did as Prime Minister was to call the old academicians. A boy sitting somewhere deep inside a politician who is wise in life is still sure that they already know simple answers to difficult questions, otherwise it simply cannot be. "


Master of Anti-Crisis Solutions

"V during the war, everyone lived from hand to mouth. We were constantly hungry, and Aunt Lisa, our school barmaid, baked tiny buns for the students every day. They tasted unearthly, and on top of each bun there was a drop of jam. It was impossible to satisfy hunger with one such bun, and Zhenya invented to eat the buns in turn. For example, today one out of four will eat four at once, tomorrow - another. The hardest part about this bakery distribution was waiting in line. "

The future political orientation is clear. If Zhenya insisted on a bun for everyone, then Zyuganov would have grown out of him. Let it be small, but equally. If he had offered his classmates to pay with buns for the test they had written off from him, he would have turned out to be Gaidar - a pure market man. His decision is typical of a Social Democrat. There is a reasonable, socially oriented market.


Scout - yes, fiscal - no

F I was not a perfect child. He even happened to be taken to the police. A boxing match was taking place in the city. Friends did not have money for tickets, and they did not have the strength to miss this sight. Rafik Demargaryan, Zhenya Primakov and two more friends climbed through the window of the sports hall, falling straight into the hands of the valiant police. Here, for the first time, the qualities of the future scout appeared. The guys got cold feet, tears welled up in some eyes. Outwardly, Primakov was absolutely calm, did not fuss or curry favor. Zhenya really did not want to give her last name, to upset her mother, whom everyone in the city knew. But, since they were caught by their militiamen, and not by their enemies, they had to introduce themselves. For a long time the lame policeman shamed the boys, and before letting go, he asked: "And for whom were you sick?" Everyone smiled, the conflict was over.

Often the whole class of the guys went to the "swaying". This romantic name meant "to get out of class." The whole class was grateful to its class teacher Parmen Zosimovich for the fact that he never asked who exactly was the instigator of the departure, did not provoke the boys into fiscal acts and betrayal.


His first love

NS In addition to boxing, friends were fond of jazz and dancing. They listened to jazz at home, gathering together. Everyone was moderately musical, someone tried to play the pioneer horn like a trumpet, a comb with tissue paper was quite suitable for deriving a motive. Eugene, with his innate sense of rhythm, beat out the bars on just about anything. Anna Yakovlevna was always glad to guests. For them, she baked all kinds of buns, baklava, pancakes, pies. Now Natela Kvartskhava recalls that Primakova's baked goods were not very good, but then there was no better treat for the boys than Zhenya's mother's buns. Everyone had a special attitude to dancing. There was a dance teacher named Kefiev. He practiced figures with the guys, made them repeat the steps over and over again, everyone's shirts got wet in the end, but they always succeeded in a new dance. I wanted to dance better than anyone else, play the saxophone and be like the famous actor Robert Taylor.

Laura Kharadze lived opposite Zhenya's house. Huge dark eyes, thick curly hair, thin white skin, a proud carriage of the head. Zhenya liked her the most. Walking down the street, he tried to meet her gaze, when in the girls' school windows were opened during the heat, the boys hung in clusters on the windowsills. Unexpected touches shocked, and iridescent circles blurred in his eyes. Mom noticed everything a long time ago and watched with a smile as Evgeny diligently brightens his regrown hair. The adults in the yard called them Romeo and Juliet. The last two school years were spent in gentle courtship with the constant morning flowers on the windowsill.

After leaving school, both went to Moscow to enroll. Romeo predicted the future of the great mathematician, Juliet - the famous pianist. Yevgeny Primakov entered the Arabic department of the Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies, Laura - at the Faculty of Chemistry. Her choice amazed many. Unusually talented, with a beautiful voice like her aunt, the famous Georgian singer Nadezhda Kharadze, she suddenly decided to take up chemistry. To her best friend, Ida Ter-Sarkisova, Laura said with a laugh that chemistry is the only thing she doesn't know, that's why it's interesting.

Ida Ter-Sarkisova: “Evgeny Primakov courted Laura very beautifully, with restraint. None of the outsiders had ever heard any special tenderness, but from afar it was clear that this was a great love. When their first-born Sasha was born, there was no happier couple. They took him very tiny to Moscow, tried to rent an apartment or a room. No one wanted to rent a room to a young family with a baby. After cleaning for several days, Zhenya found some kind of basement, where they lived for about two weeks. Little Sasha fell ill with dysentery; in a very serious condition, Evgeny Maksimovich brought him to his mother in Tbilisi. He put the bundle in front of her and asked: "Mom, save me!" Sasha was recovering quickly. In the morning, when Anna Yakovlevna left for work, a German nanny sat with him, then my grandmother came home from work, and my turn came in the evening, after graduation. I loved the boy like my own son. I have never seen such smart children. For two years we got so used to each other that he began to call me mom. Then his parents took him to Moscow. Then my daughter Nana was born, but I know her much worse. Health Alexander went to his mother: both Laura and he had a weak heart. The news of his death literally overwhelmed me. (Alexander Primakov suffered a severe heart attack while on duty on May Day on Red Square. Co-workers carried Sasha in their arms to the Alexander Garden and laid him on a bench, and the long-awaited ambulance was unable to break through the cordon. To the triumphant roar and songs from speakers Sasha died.) The mother did not survive her son much. Going down with her husband in the elevator, Laura felt unwell. Evgeny Maksimovich did not even take his wife to the first floor ... "

A lot of things happened later, in the Moscow life of Yevgeny Maksimovich, but he is inextricably linked with Tbilisi. As soon as the opportunity arises, he always comes to the city of his childhood to sit with friends over a glass of good Georgian wine, at a table full of spicy and pungent lobio, mtsvadi, guruli, satsivi. True, such gatherings have been happening less and less lately. Primakov is busy, and he only visits his friends accompanied by 8-10 guards. Not because he doesn’t trust, it’s just the way it is supposed to be according to the protocol. The new prime minister never forgets to visit the Saburtala cemetery, where his mother Anna Yakovlevna is buried. A graceful forged tulip on a gray stone - in memory of this wonderful woman.

Evgeny Maksimovich has a daughter, grandchildren and granddaughters, he married his physician Irina Borisovna a second time and is happily married again. His political career culminated in his appointment as prime minister. But that is another story.

Irina POPOVICH

The editors are grateful for the help of our Georgian colleagues Mikhail Robakidze, Georgy Bazadze, Tariel Makharadze.

  • Masha, the prime minister's granddaughter, with her grandfather.
  • House number 10 on St. Petersburg street. Looking out from this balcony, Zhenya Primakov reported: “Mom! Sofiko is coming to you with a child who walked with his butt! "
  • Evgeny Maksimovich with his friends - "guards" - Rafik Demargaryan and Yuri Rukhadze. Sochi. 1950 year.
  • Anna Yakovlevna Primakova (center) reads her son's article in the Ogonyok magazine.
  • Evgeny Maksimovich with a drainage tube (not included in the frame). 1964 year. Appendicitis almost cost the Prime Minister his life, because he got to the surgeon, who said: "How many people died under my knife, and nothing, but you are nervous ..."
  • Prime Minister (far left in the second row). With his class and mathematics teacher Parmen Zosimovich Kukava.
  • Evgeny Maksimovich and Laura. In the courtyard they were called Romeo and Juliet.
  • Evgeny Maksimovich with his granddaughter Masha, next to him is his daughter Nana and her husband Sasha, Primakov's wife Irina Borisovna (far right). Front row: wife's daughter Anya, granddaughter Sasha.

Photo by E. Pesov and from family archives

    He graduated from high school in Tbilisi.

    I wanted to enter the Caspian Higher Naval School (Baku), but did not pass the medical examination.

    1948-1953 - A student of the Arab department of the Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies. Languages ​​were difficult for Primakov, for a long time he could not get rid of a strong Georgian accent.

    1953-1956 - studied in graduate school at the Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University and worked as a correspondent for the USSR State Radio and Television.
    He left his scientific career due to financial difficulties after the birth of his son.

    1956-1960 - Executive Editor, Chief Editor of the Main Directorate of Radio Broadcasting of the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting.
    1960-1962 - Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the Main Editorial Office of the State Committee on Television and Radio Broadcasting.

    1959-1991 - Member of the CPSU.

    1962-1970 - Columnist for the newspaper "Pravda", own correspondent of the newspaper "Pravda" in Egypt, deputy editor of the Asia and Africa section of the newspaper.
    It is generally accepted that Primakov in Egypt began to cooperate with intelligence. But experts say that the Pravda correspondent network was not used by the KGB as an "operational cover" until the end of the 1980s. Oleg Kalugin, a former KGB general in the United States, claims that Primakov still worked for the KGB as an intelligence officer (Moskovskie Novosti, August 17-23, 1999). According to Kalugin, Primakov began to cooperate with the Soviet special services in his last year at the institute. An agent named "Maxim" "performed some of the most delicate assignments for the KGB, meeting with representatives of the Palestine Liberation Organization and Kurdish rebels, among whom he found understanding from the Kurdish leader Barzani. He predicted a power struggle in Iraq and Saddam Hussein's victory over General Qasem. with whom Primakov had a close acquaintance, which turned out to be very valuable to him. Then he became friends with Saddam himself and his close man, Lieutenant Tariq Aziz ... He developed friendly relations with the Libyan dictator Gaddafi, Syrian President Assad and a dozen other politicians of various calibers. " Kalugin greatly praises Primakov the intelligence officer: "And he was right. He always predicted events with sufficient accuracy - a kind of intuition based on knowledge, analysis and political instinct." Kalugin tells how Primakov predicted the deterioration of relations with Egypt, that the introduction of troops into Afghanistan could have an undesirable reaction in the Muslim world. "His initiative and innovation never went beyond reason. He was always realistic, calculating and careful."

    1970-1977 - Deputy Director of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
    From 1974 to 1979 - Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
    Since 1979 - Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. He was a member of a group of Kremlin speechwriters.
    1977-1985 - Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences (IVAN) of the USSR.
    1981-1985 - Chairman of the All-Union Association of Oriental Studies.
    1985-1991 - Director of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations.
    He demanded that employees of institutes be punctual, ordered them to come to work four days a week (before, they went two). The employees who helped Primakov in the development of analytical reports on the countries of the East for the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU very quickly received academic titles. Not everyone liked this leadership style, and the State Security Committee regularly received signals about the Zionist origin of the prominent Freemason Primakov.

    1986-1989 - Candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee.
    1989-1990 - Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU.
    From September 1989 to July 1990 - candidate member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee.
    Member of the Commission on International Policy of the Central Committee of the CPSU.
    Member of the Presidential Council (March - December 1990) and Member of the USSR Security Council (1991).
    In 1989, he traveled to Tbilisi to normalize the situation after the troops dispersed a peaceful demonstration and participated in negotiations to end the strikes with the leaders of the Popular Front of Azerbaijan.
    In 1990, he headed the party-government commission, which insisted on the introduction of troops into Baku and the armed suppression of the Armenian pogroms. Then for another three or four years the leaders of the PFA told reporters that Primakov was preparing provocations against them ...
    In December 1990, as a personal agent of the USSR President, he negotiated with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, trying to prevent a war in the Persian Gulf. Came under American bombing.

    His career took off coincided with a personal tragedy - within a year Primakov lost his son and wife.

    1988-1989 - Academician-Secretary of the Department of World Economy and International Relations of the USSR Academy of Sciences, member of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
    Since December 1991 - Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
    He was a board member of the Soviet-Iraqi Friendship Society, Deputy Chairman of the Soviet Peace Committee, Chairman of the Soviet National Committee for Asia-Pacific Cooperation, a member of the UN University Council. Member of the Club of Rome (since 1975).

    1989-1992 - Member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the eleventh convocation.
    From June 1989 to September 1991 - Chairman of the Council of the Armed Forces Union.
    He tried unsuccessfully to mediate between the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Interregional Deputy Group.
    He headed a commission to investigate cases of unjustified privileges to officials.

    From September 1991 to November 1991 - First Deputy Chairman of the KGB of the USSR - Head of the 1st Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR.
    From November 1991 to December 1991 - head of the Central Intelligence Service (formerly the 1st Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR).
    From December 1991 to January 1996 - Director of the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) of the Russian Federation.
    In 1992 he achieved the adoption of the law "On the foreign intelligence of the Russian Federation". The law removed intelligence from law enforcement, prohibited forced recruitment, and reinforced the use of diplomatic cover.
    Under Primakov, intelligence stopped interfering in the internal affairs of other countries. Due to budget cuts, operations were stopped in most of Africa and Southeast Asia, newspaper offices used for journalistic coverings were closed, and the SVR began to cooperate with intelligence services of other countries.
    Despite the curtailment of the activities of the SVR, Primakov generously distributed military ranks and awards to his subordinates. Before Primakov came to the SVR, there was one general; by 1996, their number exceeded a hundred.
    The main direction of the SVR's work was tracking economic and political processes that could harm the interests of Russia. The SVR has submitted annual reports to the President on these processes.
    The first report "A New Challenge after the Cold War: the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction" (1993) was devoted to the problem of "brain drain" and lethal technologies from developed countries to third world countries.
    The second report - "Prospects for NATO expansion and Russia's interests" (1993) - drew attention to the fact that, expanding to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, NATO does not guarantee its transformation from a military alliance into a political one. The report recommended the regrouping and rearmament of Russian forces in the west of the country and sparked outrage in the US and Europe.
    The third report - "Russia-CIS: Does the West Need to Adjust the Position?" (1994) - condemned the activities of external forces trying to disrupt the integration process between the CIS countries, and suggested that the commonwealth create a single defense space.
    The fourth report - "The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Problems of Extension" (1995) - three years before the first nuclear tests in India and Pakistan, warned that these countries should sign the NPT.

    Permanent member of the Security Council. In this capacity, he took part in the adoption of the decision on the military operation against Chechnya in 1994.
    Member of the Defense Council of the Russian Federation (since the creation of the council in 1996).

    From January 1996 to September 1998 - Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.
    Has established himself as a champion of the integration of the CIS countries and an opponent of NATO's eastward expansion.
    In the first year, Primakov traveled all over the world - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, Poland, all of Yugoslavia, India, Syria, Israel, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh, Georgia, Mexico, Cuba, Venezuela, Indonesia, Finland, Italy, Vatican, France, Germany, Portugal - but I have never traveled to the United States.
    Among the features of diplomacy, according to Primakov: a tougher attitude towards the Baltic states due to their constant violation of the rights of the Russian-speaking population and ignoring the accusations of the United States and Israel about Russian supplies of dual-use technologies and missile technologies to Iran.

    From September 1998 to May 1999 - Prime Minister of the Russian Federation.
    In late 1998 - early 1999, there was talk that Primakov, if asked very well, would agree to run for president of Russia. At the same time, the fact that Primakov was not planning to run for president was not taken into account at all.
    “His premiership will be celebrated by descendants for the unprecedented number of initiated corruption cases.<...>To begin with, Primakov decided to free Yeltsin from the traps of the "illegal economy" into which his family fell. Without the support or neutral position of the president, it is impossible to work in a system built personally for Yeltsin. The work was going to be delicate, in several stages. But the old scout knew the deal.<...> <Президент>and the system created by his own efforts has grown together like Siamese twins. And the operation to separate them could have ended fatally with a 90% probability. Yeltsin understood this and was not going to thank Primakov. The approaching cheap booth of impeachment doomed Primakov to the humiliating role of a bargaining chip "(Novaya Gazeta, # 17, 1999).
    Yeltsin signed a decree on the resignation of Primakov's cabinet a few days before the vote in the State Duma on the beginning of the impeachment procedure. The media noted that Primakov did nothing (he didn’t want to do anything) to prevent this vote from happening at all.
    In a televised address, Yeltsin admitted that the Primakov government "fully fulfilled the tactical task set before it." The president explained his action by the government's lack of an economic strategy and by the fact that the situation in the economy is not improving.

    Geopolitical consultant to the Orenburg region administration (1999, regional governor - Vladimir Elagin).

    In the summer of 1999, politicians of various directions swarmed around Primakov, urging him to head their electoral bloc in the elections to the State Duma of the third convocation. Was the media convinced that the politicians got Primakov in a hospital in Switzerland? and at the dacha in Yasenevo. Primakov claimed that no one came to see him, that he was busy writing a book.
    On August 17, 1999, at a joint meeting of the political councils of the Fatherland-All Russia association and the Agrarian Party of Russia, he was elected chairman of the coordinating council of the Fatherland-All Russia bloc. It was decided that Primakov would head the bloc's electoral list.
    Back in Switzerland, when asked if he was going to run for the presidency of Russia, Primakov replied: "I do not rule out anything for myself for the future."

    In October 1999, he refused to meet with President Boris Yeltsin, explaining that he did not want to associate himself with the policy pursued by the president's entourage.

A family

    Father is a soldier. He served in Kiev, then - in Tbilisi. Shot as an "enemy of the people".
    Mother Anna Yakovlevna is a pediatrician.
    Russian patriotic newspapers write that Primakov's "real name" is Kirshinblat. In fact, Kirshinblat is the husband of Primakov's mother's sister, a famous surgeon.
    Among the "close relatives" attributed to Primakov is General Vitaly Markovich Primakov, who was repressed in 1934 in the Tukhachevsky case (1897-1937). Most likely, he is not related to Yevgeny Primakov.

    He is married with a second marriage.

    The first wife is Laura Kharadze. We met in Tbilisi. They got married in 1951. She died a year after the death of her son.
    The nephew of Primakov's wife is the famous mathematician Alexei Gvishiani. Her brother, Academician Jermen Gvishiani, was married to the daughter of Aleksey Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
    The son is Alexander. He worked at the Institute for the USA and Canada. In the mid-1980s, he died of a heart attack on a bench in the Alexander Garden during a May Day demonstration - the ambulance was unable to break through the cordon to Red Square. The death of his beloved wife and son severely undermined Primakov's health.
    Daughter - Nana - specialty defectologist.
    Grandson - Eugene, born in 1984 The youngest granddaughter - Masha, born in 1997

    The second wife is Irina Borisovna. We met at the clinic: she was Primakov's attending physician.

Titles and awards

    Since 1974 - Corresponding Member, since 1979 - Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, since 1991 - Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

    Having headed the SVR, he gave up the rank of general that was due to his status.

    He was awarded the Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, Friendship of Peoples "Badge of Honor", "For Services to the Fatherland" III degree, medals.

    Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, the Nasser Prize, the V. Avicenna.

Friends and enemies

    He puts friendly relations above any political disagreements.

    Unlike most people who lose contact with childhood friends over time, Primakov kept all his friends. Over the years, their ranks only grew. They joke that he has friends even from ... kindergarten. It is impossible to list all of Primakov's friends.
    Friends of childhood and adolescence: famous cardiac surgeon, academician Vladimir Burakovsky, former employee of the apparatus of the Central Committee of the CPSU Leon Onikov, film director Lev Kulidzhanov.
    The Georgian government has been trying to get Igor Georgadze to extradite him for several years without any success. The Russian Foreign Ministry replies that it has no idea where he is. According to some reports, the former chief of the Georgian Security Service is also Primakov's childhood friend.
    In various interviews Primakov called his friends: artist Mikhail Shemyakin, intelligence agent Donald Donaldovich MacLaine, philosopher Merab Mamardashvili, screenwriter Anatoly Grebnev, executive secretary of the Committee of Intelligence Veterans Konstantin Gevandov.
    Former Deputy Prime Minister Vitaly Ignatenko in an interview with the Izvestia newspaper (May 15, 1996) said: “He played an excellent role in the lives of many people. He keeps the memory of friends who have already passed away. friends and friends love him. "

    In the newspaper "Pravda" Primakov was invited to work by the deputy chief editor of the newspaper Nikolai Inozemtsev. In 1970, Academician and Director of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations Inozemtsev invited him to be his deputy. “Inozemtsev was a good thinker, but he wrote hard, so Primakov prepared materials for him,” recalled later another patron of Primakov, the former secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Alexander Yakovlev. Yakovlev introduced Primakov to Mikhail Gorbachev. Primakov's academic career was also assisted by the President of the Academy of Sciences Mstislav Keldysh.
    But all the same, Primakov's career is the result of his personal abilities: the ability to win the favor of his subordinates and superiors.

    Robert Markarian has been Primakov's assistant since the time of the Institute of Oriental Studies. In the SVR, Markarian was promoted to major general. After Primakov was appointed prime minister, he became the head of the secretariat of the prime minister of the Russian Federation.
    Yuri Zubakov has been Primakov's assistant since 1990. After Primakov's appointment as prime minister, he has been the head of the Russian government's staff.
    Primakov's guard - Gennady Alekseevich Khabarov.
    Tatiana Samolis was Primakov's press secretary at the SVR.

    At the Institute of Oriental Studies, Primakov was the scientific advisor of Saddam Hussein's cousin and the daughter of Heydar Aliyev.
    Primakov met Iraqi President Saddam Hussein in the mid-1960s, when he acted as a mediator in negotiations between the Iraqi Kurds and the Iraqi government. But Primakov's friendship with Hussein did not have any impact on the Iraqi leader's policy. In 1991, Primakov failed to convince Hussein to withdraw his troops from Kuwait. But this friendship annoys Western diplomats: the whole world has gone around the photo - the kiss of Yevgeny Primakov with Saddam Hussein.

    The relationship between Russian Foreign Minister Primakov and US Secretary of State Warren Christopher was somewhat comic. The first time they met in Helsinki, where Primakov deliberately violated protocol. It was planned that when Christopher gets out of his car in a raincoat at the residence of the Russian minister, Primakov will approach him (also in a raincoat) and they will shake hands in front of the cameras. But Primakov did not go to Christopher's car, but remained standing in a suit on the porch, thereby putting Christopher in the position of a guest ... Then Christopher paid a visit to Moscow, and Primakov never made a return visit to the United States ...
    So when, in April 1996, Primakov was actively involved in the peace process in the Middle East, pushing the French settlement plan, Christopher, who had pushed the American option, did not want to meet with him (referring to the busy schedule of the visit). He also insisted that Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres demand that Primakov not interfere in the negotiations.
    Diplomatic relations between the two countries reached an impasse, and the United States had to change its secretary of state. The phlegmatic and faceless Warren Christopher was replaced by a strong-willed, decisive and well-versed lady - Madeleine Albright - an active supporter of NATO's eastward movement and the military solution of interethnic conflicts. Despite such strong contradictions in views, Primakov and Albright literally "sang together" (in July 1998, at a banquet marking the end of the conference of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, they sang a duet from West Side History). Having made friends with Albright, Primakov "thawed" and visited Washington.
    Primakov is rightfully called "Mikoyan of our days". This is the only time that a person who held such high positions under Mikhail Gorbachev retained them under Boris Yeltsin. Despite frequent changes of government under Yeltsin, Primakov was always in demand, and his career only progressed.

    After Primakov was appointed prime minister, former employees of the KGB and SVR began to come to power: head of the government staff Yuri Zubakov, deputy secretary of the Russian Security Council Oleg Chernov, head of the state company Rosvooruzhenie Grigory Rapota, chairman of the State Committee for Fisheries Nikolai Ermakov, deputy head of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation on personnel issues Vladimir Makarov, etc.

    Most of all from the fight against corruption launched by Primakov in 1999 went to the politician-entrepreneur Boris Berezovsky. The media wondered which of the two would win. Berezovsky's chances were rapidly approaching zero. After Primakov's resignation from the post of prime minister, newspapers began to write that it was also set up by Berezovsky.
    On January 29, 1999, before leaving for Davos, Berezovsky told reporters that his personal relationship with Primakov "has long roots, the origins of which lie in the Academy of Sciences." “I am consistent in my policy, he is consistent in his, but our directions do not coincide.<...>I am convinced that Primakov really thinks about the country, I have never said that he is opportunistic, but I said that the path Primakov is taking is wrong "(from Berezovsky's interview to the Ekho Moskvy radio station, April 28, 1999) ...

Life style

    The main talent is organizational: he equally skillfully manages any team - scientists, intelligence officers, diplomats, ministers.
    Gallant in dealing with women.
    He never speaks badly of anyone. Even about people who deliberately offended him.
    Has a unique memory for names and dates.
    Hard worker. Calm, balanced, stubborn, secretive.

    Loves Georgian cuisine and Georgian feasts with toastmaster and toast. On the days of family celebrations, a "narrow" circle of closest friends gathers - about fifty people.
    From alcohol he prefers vodka, but does not abuse it.
    Writes poems. Shoots at a shooting range. I used to go to the pool often.
    She painfully perceives newspaper articles about herself.

    He has never been in excellent health. They say that after the death of his first wife and son, he lives on medications and is saved by the proximity of two doctors - a wife and a friend.
    But no one saw the premier tired. He easily tolerates long meetings, long flights, jet lag.
    In April 1997 he underwent surgery for cholelithiasis.
    In the spring of 1999 - an exacerbation of sciatica. He was treated at home, refused to go to the hospital. From an interview with Primakov to the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda (May 5, 1999): "Is this attack of sciatica - the first? - Such an acute one - yes. But, apparently, the treatment gives something. I did physiotherapy and a set of other procedures. By the way, I I am very touched that telegram letters with advice on how and what to be treated with were sent in a flood. But, of course, I cannot try all of them on myself. "
    In June 1999, Primakov underwent a hip operation in a Swiss clinic. “I wrote a letter, very warm, Madeleine Albright. And she writes to me in this letter that she thinks a lot about me after this back operation. And that she wants to meet and so on.<...>I answered in this way: what<...>I was touched by her warm letter, I also want to meet with her. But at the same time, she must tell the CIA that she is being given the wrong information, absolutely. Because the operation was not on my back, but on my leg "(Primakov, NTV," Itogi "program, September 5, 1999).

    Evgeny Maksimovich is conservative in his clothes - he prefers formal suits and blue "club" jackets. He loves chameleon glasses with tinted lenses, but recently wears ordinary glasses.

    As the director of IMEMO, he lived on Leninsky Prospekt. Here is how Yury Dyukarev, vice-governor of Lipetsk region, described his housing in an interview with Profile magazine: “An old, pre-war building with windows overlooking a noisy, dusty street. smell. "
    After the death of his wife and son, he left this apartment and moved to Yasenevo - closer to the headquarters of the SVR. This is how the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda describes his home in the fall of 1998: “No headsets, crystals and custom-made Italian lamps. A sofa covered with a blanket, a modest carpet on the floor and a huge teddy bear, presented to Evgeny Maksimovich by a dear little man. there are many more books. "
    In October 1999, while submitting information about his income to the CEC, Primakov indicated a house and a land plot (172.9 square meters - 25 acres) and an apartment of 213 square meters (judging by the area - prime minister's). Primakov's income in 1998 amounted to 505,638 rubles (the prime minister's salary, scientific and creative activities, income from bank deposits).

Books

    Author of books on the modern history of the East: "The Countries of Arabia and Colonialism", "Egypt: the Time of President Nasser" (together with I. Belyaev), "The War That Could Not Be".
    In 1999 he wrote a book about his work in intelligence and the Foreign Ministry (not yet published). "I wrote everything myself. Nobody helped me in terms of literary processing or regrouping the material. Only my wife helped, who read what came from the typist" (Primakov, interview with Versiya, September 7-13, 1999).

questionable information

    On January 30, 1999, Sergei Dorenko, on the Vremya (ORT) program, accused Primakov of supporting the Interstate Aviation Committee, which is headed by his wife Tatyana Anodina. Later it turned out that Anodina had nothing to do with Primakov.

    At the end of March 1999, the New Yorker magazine published, with reference to British intelligence, information that Primakov had received a bribe of $ 800,000 from Iraqi Prime Minister Tariq Aziz for obstructing UN international inspection access to military facilities Iraq. Even the Americans didn't believe it. Primakov also laughed for a long time, joking that such services are more expensive.

    In "Novye Izvestia" (October 9, 1999) a note appeared under the title "Primakov's List". The point was that in February 1999, at Primakov's request from the General Prosecutor's Office, he received a list of 163 names of prominent corrupt officials. “This is a typical provocation, and a multi-purpose one. Firstly, I have not sent any requests anywhere, I am telling you this absolutely unambiguously.<...>This time. Secondly, this list reminds me of something. When I looked at this list, I suddenly felt that I saw him somewhere, and he almost accurately conveys this rating list, which is published in Nezavisimaya Gazeta.<...>Only Berezovsky was put in the first place in order to give such, well, certainty or credibility, if you like.<...>These people, who were allegedly sent in response to my request, they may be offended. Among them there are those who have nothing to be offended, but there are also those, the majority, who are normal people, and among many of my comrades and friends. I'm going to sue for the first time in my life about this, right? And I will receive, I will ask for a large sum, the newspaper is not poor, apparently, and let all this money go to kindergarten "(Primakov, Hero of the Day, October 11, 1999).

http://pics.bp.ru/ovr/lider_a.shtml

Evgeny Maksimovich September 11, 1998 May 12, 1999

March 24, 1999

June 26, 2015

October 29, 2019

Evgeny Primakov's awards

1979 - Order of Friendship of Peoples

1985 - Order of the Badge of Honor

Confessional awards

Departmental awards

Public awards

Proceedings of Evgeny Primakov










"East: the turn of the 80s" (1983);











Memory of Yevgeny Primakov

Yevgeny Primakov's family



Four granddaughters.

Daughter - Nana Evgenievna Primakova (born January 21, 1962) - a teacher-defectologist by profession, works as a psychologist, a member of the Russian Psychoanalytic Society. Her husband is the son of academician, immunologist, director of the institute in Tbilisi, Vladimir Ivanovich Bakhutashvili.
Two granddaughters: Alexandra (born 1982), Maria (born 1997).

Second wife - Irina Borisovna Bokareva (born October 24, 1952), therapist; 1989-1991 - Evgeny Primakov's personal physician.

26.06.2015

Primakov Evgeny Maksimovich
Ion Finkelstein

Statesman

President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation (2001-2011)

Deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of Russia of the III convocation (2000-2001)

Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation (since September)

Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (1996-1998)

Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary

Doctor of Economic Sciences

Academician

News and Events

The research vessel was named after Yevgeny Primakov

On November 1, 2017, the new research vessel of the Academy of Sciences was named “Akademik Primakov”. The new name was given according to centuries-old maritime traditions. Irina Primakova, the widow of the politician, became the "godmother" of the ship. We finished the solemn ceremony with a prayer for all who are going to go out to sea on it.

A memorial plaque in memory of Primakov was installed in Moscow

In the center of Moscow, on a house in Skatertny Lane, on November 28, 2016, a memorial plaque was erected in memory of Yevgeny Primakov, the former prime minister and former head of the Russian Foreign Ministry. The place was not chosen by chance, because it was in this house that he lived the last years of his life - from 1996 to 2015.

Famous politician Yevgeny Primakov dies of liver cancer

Russian politician and statesman Yevgeny Maksimovich Primakov died on June 26, 2015 in Moscow as a result of liver cancer. On the same day, Russian President Vladimir Putin expressed his condolences to family and friends. The funeral service for the outstanding statesman was held in the Assumption Church of the Novodevichy Convent under the leadership of Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Russia. He was buried with military honors in the sixth section of the Novodevichy cemetery in the capital. Primakov served as prime minister and minister of foreign affairs of Russia, was a deputy of the State Duma.

Yevgeny Primakov's plane turn over the Atlantic

During a flight to the United States, on March 24, 1999, Russian Prime Minister Yevgeny Primakov, upon learning of NATO's decision to bomb Yugoslavia, ordered to deploy the letter board, which was already over the Atlantic Ocean, and returned to Moscow. This event went down in history as "Russia's turn towards a multi-vector foreign policy", "the beginning of the revival of Russian statehood and the first demonstration to the world that one cannot talk to Russia from a position of strength." It has firmly entered the political lexicon as a common historical episode: the U-turn over the Atlantic.

Yevgeny Primakov appointed Prime Minister of Russia

Evgeny Maksimovich Primakov was appointed on September 11, 1998 to the post of Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation. During his eight months as prime minister, the country's market economy quickly stabilized and recovered. One of the famous events associated with Primakov was the U-turn over the Atlantic during a flight to the United States, after the news of NATO's decision to bomb Yugoslavia. Resignation from this position, due to the slowdown of reforms, was perceived negatively by more than 80% of citizens.

The Russian government declared default

The 1998 economic crisis was one of the most severe economic crises in the history of Russia; on August 17, 1998, the country declared a default. Within a month after the default was announced, the government and the leadership of the Central Bank of Russia resigned.

Evgeny Primakov, nee Ion Finkelstein was born on October 29, 1929 in the city of Kiev, Ukraine. The politician did not know his father, since in the early 1930s he was repressed and disappeared in one of the camps. Mother, Anna Yakovlevna, worked as a gynecologist. Soon after his birth, he moved to the Georgian city of Tbilisi, where his relatives lived. After graduating from seven classes, the guy left for Baku, where he entered a military school, created on the basis of a naval special school. However, in 1946, the young man was expelled from the cadets due to pulmonary tuberculosis.

Returning to Georgia and graduating from high school in 1948, the young man entered the capital's Institute of Oriental Studies. In 1953, after graduating with honors and becoming a specialist in the Arab states, he continued his education in the postgraduate study of the Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University.

Since 1956, Yevgeny Maksimovich Primakov began work as a journalist for the All-Union Radio, holding positions from correspondent to editorial head of radio broadcasting to foreign countries of the State Committee for Cultural Relations. At the age of thirty-three, he began working as an international columnist for the newspaper Pravda, and in 1965 became the Middle East correspondent for the newspaper.

While living in Egypt, Primakov carried out important tasks of the Central Committee of the party, met with the leadership of Iraq Saddam Hussein, Tariq Aziz, the Kurdish military Mustafa Barzani, the leader of Palestine Yasser Arafat, with the Syrian leader of the Arab Renaissance Party Youssef Zuein, as well as with the Sudanese head of the country, who became Jafar Muhammad Nimeiri. In 1969, the politician received his Ph.D., defending the scientific study "Social and Economic Development of Egypt."

At the end of 1970, the head of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolai Nikolaevich Inozemtsev, invited Primakov to take the post of his deputy. At the same time, being a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences, Evgeny Maksimovich headed the Institute of Oriental Studies, combining this position since 1979 with teaching at the Diplomatic Academy as a professor, as well as with the post of deputy chairman of the Peace Defense Committee.

Since 1985, Primakov has been the head of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations. In parallel, he was a member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, supervised the study of methods for studying global political and economic issues, was engaged in the analysis of interstate conflicts and other problems in the field of international relations.

In the period from 1990 to 1991, he acted as an adviser to Mikhail Gorbachev. With his participation, the main players in the world political arena searched for ways to solve acute problems, to settle key interactions in international politics. So, on the eve of the conflict in the Persian Gulf, he met with Saddam Hussein, with Israeli leaders: Golda Meir, Yitzhak Rabin, as well as with Hosni Mubarak, Hafez Assad.

After the coup in August 1991, Primakov was appointed first deputy chairman of the State Security Committee. With the formation of the Russian Federation, he was elected head of the Foreign Intelligence Service, holding this post from 1991 to 1996.

From January 1996 to September 1998, Evgeny Maksimovich headed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. As head of the department, he advocated a multi-vector foreign policy. He initiated the creation, as opposed to the United States, of the Russia-China-India strategic triangle. He opposed NATO expansion, advocated the end of the Cold War. It was Primakov who returned authority and dignity to the country's diplomatic service.

Evgeny Maksimovich September 11, 1998 appointed to the post of Prime Minister of the Russian Federation. During his eight months as prime minister, the market economy in Russia quickly stabilized and recovered. Primakov resigned May 12, 1999, which, due to the slowdown in reforms, was perceived negatively by more than 80% of citizens.

The most famous event associated with Primakov and firmly entered the political lexicon as a U-turn over the Atlantic. When March 24, 1999 The Russian Prime Minister was on an official visit to the United States, however, having learned in flight about NATO's decision to bomb Yugoslavia, he ordered to turn the plane, already over the Atlantic Ocean, and returned to Moscow refusing to meet with the Western leadership. This event became an act of the revival of Russia and a demonstration to the world that one cannot talk to Russia from a position of strength. "

In 1999, Primakov became a deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of Russia of the III convocation, heading the Fatherland - All Russia party. In 2000, two months before the presidential elections in the country, in a televised address, he refused to participate in the presidential race and after the election of Vladimir Putin became his ally and adviser.

Since 2001, Primakov has been the head of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry for ten years. Then he became the chairman of the club of veterans, exchanging views and analysis of the political situation with the leadership of the state. Recognition of the merits of the state official, the author of scientific research, has been marked by many prizes and high awards, including the Order of Merit to the Fatherland, III, II and I degrees, Alexander Nevsky, and Honor.

In 2011, the politician resigned as president of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation and after that he finally left “big politics”.

In addition to politics and science, Primakov showed himself brightly in literature. He is the author of numerous articles and books on political and economic topics. In addition, Evgeny Maksimovich was fond of poetry and wrote poetry himself.

Such intense activity undermined Primakov's health. In 2014, he was diagnosed with liver cancer. In 2014, he underwent surgery in Milan, then underwent treatment at the Blokhin Russian Cancer Center. He was admitted to the hospital again on June 3, 2015.

Evgeny Maksimovich Primakov passed away June 26, 2015 in Moscow as a result of liver cancer. On the same day, Russian President Vladimir Putin expressed his condolences to family and friends. The funeral service for the outstanding statesman was held in the Assumption Church of the Novodevichy Convent under the leadership of Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Russia. He was buried with military honors in the sixth section of the Novodevichy cemetery in the capital.

On the day of Yevgeny Primakov's 90th birthday October 29, 2019, a monument to the great Russian politician was erected in the park near the building of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The grand opening of the monument was attended by all the top officials of the state, including President Vladimir Putin, as well as his colleagues, friends, relatives and friends. On the same day, the State Duma hosted the exhibition "The Path of the Creator", timed to coincide with the politician's round date. It contains many of Primakov's personal belongings, a briefcase, a pen, certificates, many documents and photographs.

Evgeny Primakov's awards

State awards and prizes

1975 - Order of the Red Banner of Labor

1979 - Order of Friendship of Peoples

1980 - Laureate of the USSR State Prize

1982 - Honorary Citizen of Tbilisi

1985 - Order of the Badge of Honor

1995 - Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree

1998 - Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree - for services to the state and great contribution to the conduct of the foreign policy of Russia

2001 - Commendation of the President of the Russian Federation - for the successful and high-quality implementation of tasks related to the establishment of the negotiation process on the status of Transnistria

2004 - Certificate of honor of the Government of the Russian Federation - for services to the state, many years of fruitful work and in connection with the 75th anniversary of the birth

2004 - Certificate of honor of the Moscow Regional Duma - for services in promoting the implementation of socio-economic policy by the state authorities of the Moscow region and in connection with the 75th anniversary of the birth

2004 - Order of Honor - for a great contribution to the social and economic development of the Russian Federation and many years of conscientious work

2009 - Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st degree - for outstanding services to the state in the development of international cooperation, strengthening of foreign economic relations of the Russian Federation and many years of fruitful scientific activity

2014 - Laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation - for outstanding achievements in the field of humanitarian work in 2013

2014 - Order of Alexander Nevsky - for the achieved labor success, many years of conscientious work and active social activity

Foreign country awards

Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, V degree (Ukraine, October 27, 2004) - for an outstanding personal contribution to the development of Ukrainian-Russian economic and political relations and in connection with the 75th anniversary of his birth

Order of Friendship of Peoples (Belarus, March 22, 2005) - for a great personal contribution to the development and strengthening of Belarusian-Russian relations

Order of Dostyk I degree (Kazakhstan, 2007)

Order "Danaker" (Kyrgyzstan, December 22, 2005) - for a significant contribution to the strengthening of friendship and cooperation, the development of trade and economic relations between the Kyrgyz Republic and the Russian Federation

Order of Friendship (Tajikistan, 1999)

Order of the Republic (Pridnestrovskaia Moldavskaia Respublika, 2009)

Order of Solidarity (Cuba, 2010)

Anniversary medal "20 years of independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan" (2012)

Order of the Star of Jerusalem (Palestinian National Authority, 2014)

Awards from international organizations

2014 - Medal "For Strengthening Parliamentary Cooperation" (November 27, 2014, CIS Interparliamentary Assembly) - for a special contribution to the development of parliamentarism, strengthening democracy, ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens in the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States

2001 - Diploma of the Commonwealth of Independent States (June 1, 2001, Council of CIS Heads of State) - for active work to strengthen and develop the Commonwealth of Independent States

Confessional awards

2009 - Order of the Holy Blessed Prince Daniel of Moscow, I degree (ROC, October 29, 2009) - for many years of fruitful social activities and state services

2012 - Order "Al-Fakhr" I degree (the highest award of the Council of Muftis of Russia) - for an outstanding contribution to the fruitful service to the multinational Russian society, strengthening cooperation between the peoples of the Russian Federation and the Arab-Muslim world, as well as the development of the national school of Islamic studies and the training of qualified cadres of orientalists

2014 - Order of Glory and Honor I degree of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) (October 29, 2014) - in consideration of the works and in connection with the significant date

Departmental awards

2001 - Commemorative Gorchakov Medal of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (April 2001) - "for merits in strengthening peace and developing international cooperation, affirming universal human ideals and humanitarian values, as well as achievements in diplomatic activity"

2008 - Great Gold Medal named after Lomonosov of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) - for outstanding contribution to the development of social sciences

Public awards

1974 - Laureate of the Gamal Abdel Nasser International Prize

1983 - Laureate of the Avicenna Prize

1990 - Winner of the George Kennan Award

2000 - Laureate of the Hugo Grotius International Prize - for his enormous contribution to the development of international law and for the creation of the doctrine of a multipolar world

2002 - Laureate of the National Business Reputation Award "Darin" of the Russian Academy of Business and Entrepreneurship (RABiP)

2003 - Laureate of the International Prize "Golden Aquarius" in the nomination "For Honor and Dignity"

2009 - Laureate of the prize of the Union of Journalists of Russia "Golden Pen of Russia" (2009) for the book "World without Russia?"

2012 - Laureate of the Demidov Prize in Social Sciences - "for outstanding contribution to the development of international relations and the positioning of Russia in the modern world"

2015 - Laureate of the fifth Prize "Vivat - Victory!" (Russia) - for services to the Fatherland. The prize has no monetary reward. Laureates are awarded a diploma, an icon of St. George the Victorious and an officer's checkerboard

Proceedings of Evgeny Primakov

"The Countries of Arabia and Colonialism" (1956);
"International Conflicts of the Sixties and Seventies" (1972, et al.);
"Egypt: The Time of President Nasser" (1974, 2nd ed. 1981; co-authored with IP Belyaev);
The Middle East: Five Paths to Peace (1974);
Energy Crisis: The Approach of Soviet Scientists (1974);
Energy Crisis in the Capitalist World (1975, editor);
Anatomy of the Middle East Conflict (1978);
"New Phenomena in the Energy Sector of the Capitalist World" (1979);
"East after the collapse of the colonial system" (1982);
"East: the turn of the 80s" (1983);
“The story of a conspiracy: US Middle East policy in the 70s - early. 80s. " (1985);
"Essays on the history of Russian foreign intelligence" (in 6 vols, 1996);
"Years in Big Politics" (1999);
"Eight months plus ..." (2001);
The World After 9/11 (2002);
Confidential: The Middle East on Stage and Behind the Scenes (2006, 2nd ed. 2012);
Politics Minefield (2006);
“A world without Russia? Where does political myopia lead "(2009)
"Thinking out loud". Moscow: Rossiyskaya Gazeta, 2011.207 p., 15,000 copies.
"Russia. Hopes and Anxieties ". M .: Tsentrpoligraf, 2015.
“Meetings at the Crossroads”. M .: Tsentrpoligraf, 2015. 607 p.
“The Middle East on stage and behind the scenes. Confidentially". M .: Tsentrpoligraf, 2016.415 pp.

Memory of Yevgeny Primakov

Primakov Readings is an international forum of experts, diplomats and politicians dedicated to the memory of Yevgeny Maksimovich Primakov. Organizer: Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the support of PJSC "World Trade Center", the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation and a number of other organizations. The event has been held annually since 2015.

In December 2015, ten personal scholarships named after Yevgeny Primakov for Moscow State University students and ten personal scholarships for MGIMO students were established.

The name was given to the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The RAS also established the Primakov Gold Medal, awarded for outstanding scientific achievements in the field of world economy and international relations.

Since 2017, a gymnasium in the Odintsovo district of the Moscow region has been named after Primakov.

In April 2016, the name of Primakov was given to a newly formed street in the Leninsky district of the city of Makhachkala.

In March 2016, the Russian Foreign Ministry established the Primakov Medal.

In November 2016, a memorial plaque to Yevgeny Primakov was installed at 3 in Skatertny Lane, where the politician lived.

The name Evgeny Primakov was awarded in 2018 to the Sovcomflot icebreaker of the Aker ARC 121 project.

In 2019, the Charitable Foundation of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation was renamed into the Primakov Foundation for Aid to Children.

The hall named after the political and statesman, orientalist-Arabist Yevgeny Primakov and his bust were unveiled at School No. 4 named after Hero of Russia Anatoly Kyarov.

In Moscow, on Smolenskaya-Sennaya Square, in a park opposite the building of the Russian Foreign Ministry, on October 29, 2019, a monument to Yevgeny Primakov was unveiled by the sculptor Georgy Frangulyan.

Yevgeny Primakov's family

The father is repressed. Lost in the camps.
Mother - Anna Yakovlevna Primakova (1896-1972), obstetrician-gynecologist.

A cousin (the son of his mother's sister, Fanny Yakovlevna Kirshenblat, nee Primakova) is a Soviet biologist Yakov Davidovich Kirshenblat.

Maternal uncle - Alexander Yakovlevich Primakov, was shot in Tbilisi on April 19, 1938.

First wife - Laura Vasilievna Kharadze (marriage from 1951 to 1987), a student at the Georgian Polytechnic Institute, adopted daughter of the NKVD general M.M. Gvishiani.

Son - Alexander Evgenievich Primakov (1954-1981) - graduated from MGIMO, completed an internship in the USA, graduate student of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences, his father's friend Valentin Zorin was his scientific advisor, suffered from myocarditis, died on May 1, 1981 from a heart attack.
Grandson - Evgeny Alexandrovich Primakov (born in 1976, creative pseudonym - Evgeny Sandro, Sandro - in honor of his father (Alexander)), journalist, orientalist, host of the International Review program on the Russia-24 TV channel.
Four granddaughters.