Vocational training (advanced training) of employees of special purpose units of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for landing with a helicopter in various ways using special equipment as an employee "Police

Input Tests - Output Control

Question number 2. What are the requirements for the size of the area for the implementation of the descents with a lack of parasite way of landing?

Question number 3. Training descents with a trigger allowed to perform at the velocity at wind speed not more:

Question №4. Training descents with a trigger in the forest array is allowed to perform at the velocity at wind speed:

Question №5. Persons admitted to the execution of descents are allowed to perform training or learning descents with a trigger in flight shift in the amount of not more than:

Question number 6. Each descent and released when performing descents with a trigger must have with you:

Question number 7. Collaborative paratroopers made on one type of helicopter, allowed to make descents and from other types of helicopters:

Question number 8. The descent of paratroopers and various goods using triggers, in the absence of communication between the helicopter commander and released:

Question number9. Water descents are allowed to perform:

Question number 10. Water descents are allowed at any air temperature and water in the case:

Question №11. In cases of hanging the paratrooper when descending with a trigger, it must first:

Question №12. In cases of launching a paratrooper when descending with a trigger, which way he must report on this situation:

Question №13. In cases of launching a paratrooper when descending with a trigger, the delivery of which signal the paratrooper reports on evacuation readiness:

Question №14. In cases of launching a paratrooper when descent with a trigger, a helicopter commander makes a decision:

Question №15. In cases of launching a paratrooper when descending with a trigger, when deciding, leaving the paratrooper to a safe place, the helicopter commander must comply with the requirements:

Question №16. Trigger This is:

Question №17.In the cases of a paratrooper during descent with a trigger, the commander of the helicopter when deciding to lower the paratrooper to the land with a decrease in the helicopter, the recovery notifies this:

Question #18. Who decides on the cancellation of air training:

Question №19. Head of air training required:

Question №20. Who approves the chart of movement on the airfield?

Question №21. On which aviation helicopters of the internal affairs organs a coaxial system of carrier screws?

Question №22. Length of the FastROPE high speed device:

Question №23. The clinical trigger is:

Question №24. Which of the listed factors is not a special case when landing?

Question №25. Dimensions of the area towing landing method for the Mi-8 helicopter:

Question №26. Is the transportation of a landing with weapons and special means in combat condition?

Question №28. The height of the descent from the helicopter with special equipment, weapons (cargo) on the unprepared platform using climbing equipment:

Question №29. The height of the descent from the helicopter with special equipment, armament (cargo) to the unprepared platform using the FASTROPE speed-speed device:

Question №30. Approach and waste from helicopters having a steering screw of type Mi-8, AS-355, R44 and other similar in the design of aircraft, exercise only?

Earth Descent With Sura

The descent of rescuers to the ground with the help of Sura takes place under the guidance of a bornemaker in the following order:

The bornemaker opens the door, prepares the winch, gives the team to the rescuer for landing;

The rescuer puts on a backpack, fastened to the safety system, sits on the door threshold, fastens its safety gazebo to the Carabin of the winch cable and removes insurance;

The bornemaker turns the boold boards outside, while the rescuer turns face to the helicopter. In order to prevent rocking and rotation, you need to hold onto the housing of the helicopter;

During the descent, the main attention should be paid to the landing site. The first surface of the Earth should touch the cable, which is designed to remove the static charge of electricity from the helicopter body;

After the landing, the rescuer organizes, if necessary, Samostrakhovka, disgusts the carabiner and gives the command to the bornemaker to raise the cable. At the same time, it is necessary to exclude cases of engagement of the cable for stones, stumps, protrusions, hitting it in a crack.

The rescue of rescuers with the help of Sura takes quite a long time, to speed up this process, rescuers can land on the main rope, using special brake devices.
The descent on the rope occurs in the following order:
- After hanging the helicopter at the desired height, the bornemaker or the head of the rescuers attaches the main rope to the Carabin of the winch, opens the door and resets the rope down. The lower end of the rope should touch the Earth;
- The rescuer who carries out a landing on the teammaker puts on a backpack, is fastened to the safety system of the helicopter, sits on the door threshold, mittens puts on, puts the rope into the braking device and raises it upstairs to the hub;
- the safety system of the rescuer, who prepared for landing, reveals the next rescuer and is insured by it himself;
- According to the teammaker, the rescuer slowly loads the rope, leaves the helicopter, turning to his face. It should be descended smoothly, without jerks and swinging;
- After landing, the rescuer frees the rope from the brake devices and gives a sign on the completion of the descent.
The described sequence should be respected by each rescue. Upon completion of landing, the borcemaker frees the rope and throws it down.

Persons who are full-time employees of the air band who have reached the 18 years of age recognized by the Medical Commission for Health for Health to perform parachute or descents with a trigger surveillance to the qualification commission of the Avopezutyment or landing and equipment for the safety of parachute or triggers with a trigger and past honey. Control before jumping and descents. AirBabases are allowed to prepare employees of other enterprises and organizations to carry out descents from helicopters, subject to all other requirements provided for by this instruction.

During the preparation for training jumps and descents, the material part of the parachutes, or triggers, rules for their operation and storage, theoretical questions of the jump with parachute and shutter techniques with a trigger, possible malfunctions in the work of the parachute and the trigger, the rules for the technique Safety when jumping with parachute and descents with a trigger, and also worked on ground projectiles. Element of jump or descent.

For training jumps with Parachute "Lesnik-2", persons who have completed preliminary training on the system of parachute towing (SPB) on the installed program are allowed. The decision on the need and the number of towing raises for each parachutist receives the head of training for an individual assessment.

Heads of air training for jumping parachute, descents with a trigger of an airbase order are appointed by workers of the Aviation Protection of Forests, which have a valid testimony of the parachutist instructor (paratrooper) - a firefighter first or second class and admission to self-conducting air training, which is issued by the aircraft order, Upon presentation of the leading specialist of the airbase in parachute work.

Admission to the performance of training jumps and descents at the initial training of parachutists and paratroopers is made by order by air base.

Admission to air training for employees of parachute-fire and landing and fire teams before the start of the fire hazardous season is carried out in accordance with the order for the air base and the workout plan (Appendix N 2) approved by the head of the local air base.

The air training session of the PPK and DPK workers is carried out in accordance with the program approved by the Central Air Base, according to plan approved by the head of the local airbag, and is carried out by the head of the air training.

In accordance with the air training plan on the eve of jumps or descents, the instructor composition is the planned tables (Appendix N 3), which approves the head of the air training.

The air training program of parachutist-firefighters should provide for the accuracy of the accuracy of the parachutist landing, the opening of the spare parachute and the leading, and the ferrous paratroopers - the correct output from the helicopter, a smooth descent with a permissible speed, entering the crowns of trees, landing and capture.

Before performing each jump, the descent of the air workout program for the entire group of trainees, the workout manager performs an educational reading of a parachute or descent with a trigger.

Note: As directed by the head of the air workout, tutorials and descents can be performed by experienced instructors who have a valid certificate.

In the case of the production need, it is allowed to translate parachutes (paratroopers) - firefighters to another type of parachute (trigger) after they are fulfilled by two jumps (descents) on the airfield or suitable for these purposes. This transition is permitted if the parachutist (paratroopnik) -postor had previously had the admission to perform jumps (descents) with this type of parachute (trigger). In the case of translating parachutists (paratroopers) - root on parachutes (triggers), to work with which they are allowed for the first time, it is necessary to carry out an air training in the full program and, as a rule, in the preparatory period.

For breaks in jumps and descents during a fire-hazardous season for more than 30 days, employees of a parachute and landing and fire service, as well as officials who have a paratrooper qualification (a paratrooper-fire), are provided 2 check-in checks or descent.

Control and test jumps or descents during a fire-hazard season are performed under the guidance of a senior official who has the qualifications of a parachutist instructor (paratrooper) -post, which defines a specific task for each jump or descent.

When performing training jumps with parachute parachutists-fire, descents with a descent device with firefighters and firefighter paratroopers at the operational aircraft (with long interruptions, etc.) the basis for admission to jumps, descents is the resistence of the main specialist in parachute work and the task issued by the pilot-observer of the operational aircraft identification.

The head of the training jumps, triggers from the helicopter are allocated vehicles, technical assets and duty officers (Feldscher).

During the period of air training, to ensure control of the exercise and observance of safety, the jump with a parachute, descent with a trigger for every day of jumps, descents from the number of instructors are prescribed:

duty officer;

producing parachutical firefighters from the aircraft;

duty on landing site

helicopter.

The appointment of responsible persons is made by the head of the air training and is issued by his order. Lettering when carrying out descents from a tower-simulator and helicopter is appointed by an order by the air base.

The responsibilities of responsible persons are defined in Appendix N 1.

PPK employees who have passed air training with An-26, An-24, IL-14 aircraft are allowed to perform parachute production leaps from the An-2 aircraft without an additional workout.

Training jumps with parachute in winter are allowed to perform at a temperature not lower than -20 ° C, and in the districts of the North, Siberia and the Far East - not lower than -30 ° C.

Jumping with parachute "Lesnik-2" is allowed to perform at a temperature not lower than -25 ° C, while laying the parachute is performed in a heated room.

The landing in one occurrence of parachutes-firefighters with parachute "Lesnik-2" with other types of parachutes is prohibited.

Training descents with a trigger device are allowed at a temperature not lower than -25 ° C.

Jumping with parachute and descents with a trigger in winter are performed in warm and non-constraintful clothing movements.

Training jumps and descents in the summer are performed in good and fitted clothing:

Cotton paper suit, kizzye boots, hard helmet, gloves.

Requirements for aircraft equipment for training jumps and helicopters for descents, the procedure for the preparation and inspection of parachutes or paratroopers before boarding the aircraft and their placement in it, the operation of the producer, the fed signals for jumping or descent are carried out in the manner prescribed to perform production jumps or descents.

Ground preparation

Performing parachute and descents from the helicopter should be preceded by careful and comprehensive preparation of a parachutist-fire and a paratrooper-fireman on Earth, working out all elements of jump or descent, studying various techniques and training on their implementation.

Terrestrial training classes should be carried out in accordance with training programs, as well as before making any destination, jumping with parachute or descent from the helicopter.

Officials are allowed to conduct officials of an instructor qualification.

Parachute jump preparation

With terrestrial workshop of the jump elements, special attention is paid to:

Occupation of the initial position in the plane before separation;

Separation from the aircraft;

Disclosure of the spare parachute;

Airport orientation and demolition determination;

Parachute dome management;

Preparation for landing, landing and cleaning of the dome of the parachute.

For terrestrial training at each operational aircraft, which has in its composition, parachute-fire teams (groups), a parachute-landing sports town should be equipped with the presence of projectiles listed in Appendix N 5.

Under the air base and on operational aircraft companies, where the preparation of parachutists (paratroopers) -pigar, a parachute-land sports town is equipped, according to Appendix 5.

Preparation for descents from the helicopter

With terrestrial disassembly elements, special attention is paid to:

Proper mounting of the brake block on the cord according to the weight of the descending;

Correctness of the gearing carbine suspension per braking unit;

Approach to door (hatch);

Exit from the door (hatch);

Hanging and preparation for descent;

Holding uniform speed not more than 3 m / s;

Quenching speed before the earth;

Landing;

Carabin hatching brake block suspension;

Removing the brake block from the cord;

The order of shipment of cargo.

The testing of all elements of the descent is made from the simulators.

Towers-simulators should be built according to the approved typical projects and have a technical passport.

The newly built or adapted tower-simulator is adopted by the Commission appointed by the order of the head of the airbase as part: the head of the operational aircraft - the chairman of the commission, two experienced instructors, engineer for the safety of the air base of the Public Inspectorate of this aircraft identification (aircraft).

Every year, before the start of the fire hazardous season, the rig-trainers are examined by commissions assigned to the order of the head of this operational aircraft.

The results of the commission of the Commission are recorded in a technical passport.

The head of the training session is appointed by order of the head of the airbase. The appointment of responsible duty officers is issued by the order of the head of the workout. Registration necessary for training documentation is carried out similarly to carrying out descents from the helicopter.

Before performing training descents from the helicopter, the descent and producing passage through the ground training directly on the helicopter. The purpose of ground workout on a helicopter:

Make sure that the sustainable bilateral connection on SPU between the producing and the crew commander;

Testing of clear teams between the producer of the crew in the production of descents;

Testing signals between producing and descending;

Conducting a cord carbine trap to the earrings (to the bracket of the attachment assembly for the Su-P device, hereinafter referred to as NKO);

Capless babble trails suspension per braking block;

Testing of exit, manufacture and hang on the trigger;

Testing of interactions of the released and descending when the latter hangs;

Termination of the right landing and capture;

Development of cargo descent technology.

Note: The exercise-tower-based equipment is assigned from the number of observer pilots or instructors of the APS, admitted to the work of the manufacturer of the workout manager.

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General information about landing parachute systems

Appointment and composition. A parachute system is called one or more parachutes with a set of devices that ensure their placement and mounting on an airplane or discharged cargo and the introduction of parachutes.

The qualities and advantages of parachute systems can be estimated on the basis of the extent to which they meet the following requirements:

- to withstand any speed possible after leaving the aircraft a paratrooper paratrooper;

- to provide during disclosure permissible parachutic load;

- to have a simple, trouble-free adaptation for disclosure, ensuring the possibility of both manual and forced disclosures of the main parachute;

- allow jumping with possible low heights;

- not to constrain the actions of the paratrooper-paratrooper with its size and location of parts, to ensure the possibility of attaching a spare parachute system;

- be stable and sufficiently manageable;

- to have a solid and convenient suspension system suitable for paratroopers-paratroopers of any growth in special uniforms;

- allow you to quickly exempt from the suspension system if necessary in any conditions;

- It is possible to be simple in design that requires minimal labor and time and time service;

- have the minimum possible mass;

- Guarantee safe landing rate in practical conditions.

Parachute. At the heart of the fulfillment of the requirements for landing parachute systems, the work of the parachute is the dome with the plugs, since it is part of a parachute system that is experiencing air resistance.

The physical essence of the function performed by the dome during a decrease is to deviate (sweeping) of the opposite air particles and friction about it, while the part of the air dome is fascinated. In addition, the extended air closes not directly behind the dome, and at some distance from it, forming vortices, i.e. Rotational movement of air pill. When the air is spreading, friction on it, the passion of air in the direction of movement and the formation of the vortex is performed by the work that the power of air resistance is performed. The value of this force is mainly determined by the shape and size of the dome of the parachute, the specific load, nature and airproof of the dome tissue, the reduction rate, the amount and length of the sling, the method of fastening the sling to the load, the removal of the dome from the load, the dome design, the size of the pole opening or valves and others Factors.

Parachute resistance coefficient is usually close to the flat plate resistance ratio. If the surface of the dome and plate are the same, then the resistance will be more at the plate, because its Midel is equal to the surface, and Midel Parachute is significantly less than its surface. The true diameter of the dome in the air and its Midel is difficult to calculate or measure. The narrowing of the dome of the parachute, i.e. The ratio of the diameter of the filled dome to the diameter of the deployed dome depends on the form of cutting tissue, the length of the sling and other reasons. Therefore, when calculating the resistance of the parachute, it is always taken into account not by Midel, but the surface of the dome is the value exactly known for each parachute.

Fig. 1. Reducing a parachute on the disclosed parachute

a- with a round dome; b - with a round-shaped dome when sliding;

b - with a square-form dome

Dependence of the joint venture on the form of the dome. Air resistance to moving bodies depends largely on the body shape. The less conveniently console body shape, the greater the resistance is the body when driving in the air. When designing the dome, the parachute is searched by such a form of the dome, which, with the smallest area of \u200b\u200bthe dome, would provide the greatest strength of resistance, i.e. With a minimal area of \u200b\u200bthe surface of the parachute dome (with minimal material), the shape of the dome must provide the cargo to the specified landing rate.

The smallest coefficient of resistance and the lowest load during filling has a ribbon dome for which with n \u003d 0.3 - 0.6, it changes from 0.6 to 0.9 for the round dome. The dome of the square shape has a more favorable relationship between the mine and the surface. In addition, the flatter form of such a dome with a decrease leads to increased vortex formation. As a result, the parachute with a square dome has a joint venture \u003d 0.8 - 1.0. An even greater value of the resistance coefficient in parachutes with the drawn peak of the dome or with domes in the form of an elongated rectangle, so with the aspect ratio of the dome 3: 1 SP \u003d 1.5.

Slide due to the form of the parachute dome also increases the resistance coefficient to 1.1 - 1.3. This is explained by the fact that when gliding the dome, the air is blocked by air not from the bottom upwards, and from the bottom side. With such a flow around the domes, the reduction rate as the resultant equal to the amount of the components of the vertical and horizontal, i.e. Due to the appearance of horizontal displacement, the vertical is reduced (Fig. 1).

The landing is trail. ways:

parachute (not required platforms, but preparation is required);
landing;
combined (a platform is required, one part is performed by parachutists, the other part is landing).

Tentization is carried out in the following order:

- After hanging the helicopter at the required height, the bornemaker opens the door;

- The head of the rescuers is convinced by visual observation of the landing site, in the absence of dangerous items (stones, stumps, deepening, cracks) and gives the team to the rescuers for landing.

The jumping sits on the door threshold and smoothly descends down. It is impossible to repel and do sharp movements so as not to disturb the equilibrium of the helicopter;
- after landing it is necessary to move aside, freeing the place for the next rescuer;
- In the case of landing equipment, equipment, medicines, food, they must be reliably packed, and the conditions for their landing must ensure safety.

The rescuer that prepares and landing things must be fastened to the helicopter safety system. After this work, he himself carries out targeting. The entire process of landing occurs under the guidance of a bornemaker. Tentization can be carried out simultaneously through the front and back door.

When the helicopter cannot hover at low height, targeting rescuers and equipment is carried out using a special trigger (SUR) or rope. The height of the helicopter hangs should not exceed 40 m.

Classification of parachute and descents with a trigger

Jumping with parachute and descents with a trigger in the aviation security of forests are divided into:

- training,

- educational and indicative,

- production,

- Experimental (test).

Exercise jumps with parachute and descents with a trigger are performed in the following cases:

- in training on courses for the preparation of parachutist firefighters, paratroopers-fire, instructors of parachutist-fire and paratroopers - firefighters, as well as observer pilots;

- when conducting technical studies, advanced training by employees of PPK and DPK and the preparation of PPK workers to perform parachute jumps on the forest;

- with long interruptions in performing parachute jumps and descents with a trigger during a fire season;

- when preparing and participating in competitions on parachute and airfare, on holidays and air parades.

Exercise jumps with parachute and descents with a trigger include introductory, training, training and checks, as well as jumps and descents performed in the order of training or participating in competitions in parachute and airfare.

The first parachute jump from the aircraft or the descent with the trigger from the helicopter is called the introductory.

Jumping with a parachute, descents with a trigger, performed according to the curriculum in order to work out and improving the equipment of the jump or descent, are called training.

Control and test jumps with a parachute from an airplane or a descent with a trigger from a helicopter are performed during a fire-hazard season with long interruptions in jumps or descents.

Jumping with a parachute or descent with a trigger, performed in order to show the techniques for the exercise when training or improving the qualifications of employees of parachute and fire and landing and fire teams are called educational and indicative.

Industrial jumps with parachute and descents with a trigger are performed:

- to extinguish forest fires;

- for forefatological examination;

- in order to terminate violations of fire safety rules in the forest;

- According to special assignments associated with forest protection and forestry service.

Jumping with a parachute, descents with a trigger committed in order to master the new parachute (landing) equipment, equipment, appliances, equipment and various devices, as well as the study of the methods of separation from the aircraft (helicopter) and landing in difficult conditions, are called experimental (test) .

Experimental jumps with parachute, descents with a trigger are produced with permission and according to plan approved by the central air base.

The number of experimental (test) parachute jumps or descents with a trigger per day for each test participant is established by order of the head of the central air base, but not more than 5 jumps and 7 descents.

Note:

Experimental descents with trigger, if necessary, can be carried out with typical equipment, but not more than 10 descents per day.

Jumping with a parachute by the method of disclosure is divided into jumps with forced and manual disclosure.

Forced disclosure jumps can be performed :

- with the forced disclosure of the parachute's wreck;

- with the forced disclosure of the parachute's wreck and tightening the case of the dome of an exhaust rope;

- with the forced introduction to the action of a stabilizing parachute.

Jumping with manual disclosure by the time of parachute administration after separation from the aircraft are divided into:

- jumping without delay in the disclosure of parachute, in which the parachute is driven no later than 3 seconds after separation from the aircraft,

- Jumping with a delay in the disclosure of a parachute, at which the parachute is activated more than 3 seconds after separation from the aircraft.

Accounting with parachute and descents from the helicopter is conducted by a responsible specialist of the air base and is entered into personal accounts for accounting of jumps (descents) of the APS employees, as well as in the general book of jumping of jumps (descents), which should be numbered, has been laid and fastened.

Parachute jumping from An-2 aircraft

Jumping with a parachute from the An-2 aircraft is allowed to perform on parachutes made to operate in local air bases, at the aircraft speed of 160 km / hour by device. The method of disclosing parachutes is established by the central air base in accordance with the instruction manual for parachutes.

The number of firefighters participating in flight on the An-2 aircraft is established depending on the specific conditions of each flight with the admissible flight mass of the aircraft.

Before the aircraft, the pilot-observer and the producer must make an inspection of the aircraft and make sure that the cables for engagement of the exhaust rope, the anti-slip layer of the tube or the rubber rug at the aircraft door and the health of the sound sirens, and also explore the outdoor part of the door fuselage to the tail part, turning attention On the health of the trim and the absence of any protruding details, when the engagement of the stabilizing parachutes may occur during the separation, the installation of the fairing.

It is forbidden to plant parachute-firefighters in the absence of regular hooking cables of exhaust rope, use for this purpose a shortened cable, anti-slip layer of tube or rubber rug at the aircraft door, with a malfunction of sound siren and the availability of parts protruding from the door fuselage to the tail.

Jumping with a parachute from the An-2 aircraft depending on the conditions are performed on the indication of the observer flyer in one, two or several aircraft kits. The number of parachutes - firefighters, performing a parachute jump in one goal, is determined by the producing and pilot observer.

The "Preparing" signal is served by a pilot-observer for 10-15 seconds to the aircraft approach to the outlined outcome point. The producing opens the door and becomes at the wall of the compartment, on the left and behind the door.

Parachutists-firemen, assigned to perform a jump, on the team "get ready" get up, lower their seats and at the installed order are built along the board of the aircraft: the first - occupying the seats on the left side, and behind them occupy the seats on the right side.

The team "went" - is served by a pilot-observer in 2-3 seconds to the approach to the calculation point of separation from the aircraft.

Manufacture of a parachute to a jump should be made in the following sequence:

left leg to put on the edge of the door to the left corner;
right leg to put the back and bend a few;
hands take up the right and left door trims at the chest level.

Department to produce a sharp impetus for legs and hands in the direction perpendicular to the flight line of the aircraft.

In the event of a parachute rotation after filling the stabilizing parachute, it is necessary to eliminate the rotation of the hand take-off to the side opposite to the rotation.

After 3-4 seconds of the stabilized reduction, enter the main parachute by pulling the disclosure link.

After the disclosure of the dome of the parachute, inspect it, lay the disclosure link in his pocket, recover in the suspension system, driving a dome, parachute to the intended landing site.

In case of dangerous rapprochement with the neighboring parachute, be ready to take measures to discrepancy.

At an altitude of 100 m, the parachute should be prepared for landing. Put the dome on the minimum demolition. Legs to bring together and slightly bend in the knees, legs should be parallel to the ground.

The landing must be carried out by a demolition, if necessary, turn around at the free ends of the suspension system.

After separating the parachutists, the released follows the disclosure of the parachutes, after which removes the exhaust ropes and closes the aircraft door.

Jumping with parachute from the An-24 aircraft

Jumping with a parachute from the An-24 aircraft is allowed to perform in the base of the aviation protection of forests into the left passenger door in the horizontal flight mode at a speed of 250 km / h in the device, while the aircraft flight at the specified speed is performed with the flaps deflected by 15 °.

Employees of parachute from the An-24 aircraft are allowed employees of parachute-fire teams that have worked in an air base of at least one year, which have passed the main air training with this type of aircraft and having admission to parachute jumps on the forest in protective equipment.

For the use of the An-24 aircraft in the bases of the aviation protection of forests, it must be re-equipped in accordance with the "Instructions for the re-equipment of the AN-24 passenger aircraft in the vehicle option" (2-E Edition) in the following order:

along the passenger cabin of the aircraft, stretch the cable to engage the carbines of the exhaust rope parachutes;
install sound and light alarm to the door in the passenger cockpit;
install folding seats.

Note: In the absence of folding seats, the placement of parachutists-firefighters in passenger seats is allowed, for which these chairs are moving out with an interval of 0.8-1.0 m.

At the same time, 4 rear chairs are taken on the right side of the aircraft and 7 chairs on the left side to provide free space (about 4-5 m) at the left side for the parachutist approach to the door, as well as the accommodation of parachutes and cargo;

- to ensure the connection of the observer pilot with the crew commander on SPU;
- Remove the section of the luggage shelf near the door on the left side of the aircraft;
- Remove the left half of the partition along the sparkout N 31.

Additionally, for the convenience of performing the calculation of the landing place of parachutists on the emergency hatch of the passenger cabin, on the left side of the aircraft, to establish a spherical blister according to the OKB documentation.

Note: a spherical blister for a pilot-observer comes commissioned by the Ministry of Forestry of the RSFSR.

The number of firefighter parachutes involved in the Patrol flight on the An-24 plane is established depending on the specific conditions of each flight within the permissible flight mass of the aircraft, but not more than 26-30 people depending on the modifications of the An-24 aircraft (by the number of available seats ).

When preparing for the flight, the crew should be calculated by the permissible range of aircraft centering before and after disembarking parachutists.

Film protection flights are allowed to perform at least 5 km with horizontal visibility.

Before opening the door, it is necessary to completely depress the aircraft cabin by stopping the air selection from engines to blow the cabins and the use of emergency pressure discharge.

The depressurization of the cockpit is controlled by opening the right-hand window of the pilot lantern.

After opening the door to maintain a constant flight speed, an increase in the mode of operation of the engines is 2-4 ° to UPTI.

Jumping with a parachute from the An-24 aircraft can be performed by groups of up to 10 people.

With group jumps, the separation of parachutes from the aircraft is made with an interval of 1.0 seconds.

To calculate the landing site of parachutists, it is allowed to use only wide targeted ribbons (width 0.5 meters and length 4.8-5.0 meters) or targeted parachutes with an area of \u200b\u200bdome 3-5 m.

To observe a decrease in the targeting tape (parachute) or parachutes, as well as to fix the landing point (location of the cargo), the observer pilot, in the event of the inconvenience of observation, can move from blister to the crew cabin to the place of the navigator.

The team "get ready" is fed for 15-20 seconds to the aircraft approach to the planned landing point, and when performing jumps with groups of more than 5 people - for 20-25 seconds.

Parachutists-firemen, assigned to the jump in this aircraft entering, on the team "Get!" Get up, stood in order of the order along the left side and help each other, if necessary, fill the exhaust rope under the gum. The manufacturer checks the correctness of the engagement of the carbins of the rope (box to the right side) and refueling exhaust ropes, after which the aircraft door opens.

Manufacture of a parachute to a jump should be performed in the following sequence:

- go to the door and put the left foot into the lower left corner of the door;
- Right leg to put the back and bend a few;
- Hands take up the right and left trimming doors at the chest level.

The separation from the aircraft is made by a sharp impetus for legs and hands in the direction perpendicular to the flight line of the aircraft. After separation, the parachuticist should provide a steady stable decrease without rotation and on the fourth second of stabilization to put into effect the main parachute.
Note: It is forbidden to separate the parachutist sluggish without shock.

After separating parachutes from the plane, the released ropes with the covers, continuing to keep their right hand for the cable, pulls them into the plane and closes the door.

If the aircraft produce himself performs a parachute jump, his duties, that is, the drawing of exhaust rope with covers and the closure of the door, performs an observer pilot, which should have a suitable rescue parachute or a separate suspension system and in both cases is insured against the falling out of the aircraft .

Parachute jumping from IL-14 aircraft

Jumping with parachute from the IL-14 aircraft is allowed to perform in the right passenger door in the horizontal flight mode at a speed of 220 km / h in the device.

To perform parachute jumps, the aircraft must have the following equipment:

- cable for engaging exhaust ropes at the right side in the passenger cockpit of the aircraft;

- a side cap - a blister from the left side of the aircraft opposite the place of the navigator or onboard vizir, providing a vertical overview of the terrain of the observer at the landing of parachutists;

- Sound Siren.

The number of parachutist-fire fighters participating in flight on the IL-14 aircraft is established depending on the specific conditions of each flight with the observance of the flight mass of the aircraft, but not more than 25 parachutes firefighters.
Depending on the size of the landing pad, the disembarkation of parachutists can be carried out on one person or groups of 2-5 people in each aircraft entering, and at large sizes of the site - up to 10 people.

The procedure for preparing for jumping, manufacture and separation from the aircraft are similar to the jumps from the An-24 aircraft.

Jumping with parachute from the An-26 aircraft

Jumping from the AN-26 aircraft is allowed to perform with PTL-72 parachute and specially finalized Parachute "Forester", including in the protective gear of a parachute for leaps to the forest, as well as with a rescue aviation vest SAZ-43 P. Jumping is allowed to perform as single, So group - up to 10 people in one aircraft entering.

Jumping from the An-26 aircraft is allowed to perform with Parachute "Lesnik-2" in "SPP-2".

Parachutists, having at least 20 PTL-72 parachute or "Lesnik", carefully spent on land shells of manufacture and separation from An-26, carefully, are allowed to jump parachutes from the An-26 aircraft.

Jumping from the An-26 aircraft is allowed to perform in one stream through the open shutter of the cargo hatch fencing both from one and both of the cables of the forced disclosure of parachutes, and the parachutists that occupied places on the left side of the aircraft are first left. In one side of the aircraft, parachuts with PTL-72 parachutes and the Lesnik in any sequence can be performed. Intervals for the separation of parachutes from an airplane at least 1.0 sec.

The interval of the department when jumping with parachute "Lesnik-2" should be at least 1.5 seconds.

Jumping are performed at a flight speed of 260 km / h in a device with flaps released by 15 °, from a height of not lower than 600 m. The true height of the flight during the disembarkation of parachutists is 800-1000 m.

In the hilly and mountainous terrain, the true height of the flight in the lane of parachutists in all cases should be at least 400 meters above obstacles.

To the landing of parachutists and reset the forest fire: cargo, the An-26 aircraft must be appropriately equipped, for which it is necessary: \u200b\u200bto remove the fals' trappers, install the fencing of the cargo hatch, remove the highways of the P-155 freight conveyor, install moisters in the appropriate jacks, check the availability and operation of the rope Mesh and mooring straps, to drive into the extreme rear position (closer to the tail part of the aircraft) carriage of the lifting device, stalling it and securely wind the cloth hook of a load-lifting device, set the sound and light alarm, set two cables forced parsing (PRP) and check the magnitude of them Svcriptions (200 ±: 10 mm) Patterns on the panels, set the folding seats in an amount allowing you to place at least 30 parachutes (including the manufacturer and its assistant), to provide a headset for SPU, the alcohol Blister Bliser Bliser to fix with alcohol in the amount of 2.6 l.

In addition, the following property is provided to this union aviation security unit: targeting devices (targeting tapes from colorful fastener paper 0.5 m wide and 4.8-5.0 m long, or targeting parachutes with an area of \u200b\u200b3-5 m, stabilizing parachutes and bags for Resetting parachute cameras, devices for loss of falling out of the aircraft of the released and its assistant (suspended systems and insisting ropes with a length of 1 m), rescue aviation vests by the number of parachutists on board when performing jumps near reservoirs, rescue rope 20 meters long with a carbine and hook on The ends, as well as with a mobile soft load weight of 3-5 kg, a rescue knife on a sling of a length of 21 meters with a carbine, a stopwatch for a pilot-observer.

Note:

The target ribbons before the release must be completely wounded on the weights and wrap them 2 pcs. A newspaper sheet.
Plugs with cassettes for artificial causing precipitation are installed in the openings of the portholes between 27 and 28 by the swarthhums according to the scheme No. 26.0020.034, approved by the enterprise P / I-3395 24.10.78
In front of each departure of the navigator and the flight engineer (borthelik) in the presence of a pilot-observer, check the health and performance of the SPU, the alarm system of the landing, the mechanism of opening and closing the ramp, as well as the reliability of securing the CBS and the values \u200b\u200bof the PRP and the magnitude of their sagging on special markers on the loaded ceiling panels .
Parachutists are recommended to have a spare chamber of the stabilizing parachute.

At the end of the parachutist landing and the closure of the cargo hatch, the producing is obliged to go beyond the fence on the ramp, pull to the end of the handmade cords of exhaust rope and fasten them in wire loops, as well as correct the guide ring of the cord in the wire loop of the core of the SHHB-125 slings in one addition .

When preparing for the forestfast departure, the observer pilot determines the order of landing groups of parachutists, prescribes the producer, and when planning a group of more than 10 people, his assistant from among the instructors of parachutist firefighters and instructs them in flight interaction. When jumping with a parachute of other purposes (training, experimental, etc.), the producer and his assistant are appointed by the head of the jumps. Instructors from the latter in the order of the Group's jump may be appointed and his assistant, or the instructors that are not allowed in this flight.

Cargo packages are placed on the floor of the cargo cabin in the order, the reverse order of discharge. The accommodation and mooring of goods on the aircraft is carried out under the supervision of the berthorer (boroughtry), taking into account the maintenance of the centering in the process of flight and landing. Order members of the crew in terms of the placement of people and cargoes in the plane are required for workers of forest air cooked. After placing all the goods, they must be fixed from moving with rope grids, mooring straps for mooring nodes.

The number of parachutes participating in flight on the An-26 aircraft is established depending on the specific conditions in compliance with the permissible flight mass of the aircraft.

When landing on a plane, the assistant of the producer, which leads to parachutes, and then helps the producing place parachutists in the cargo cabin. Groups assigned to the jump first of all occupy places on the left side of the aircraft. The released takes the last seat with the hatch fence on the right side, the assistant producing - the last seat at the hatch fence on the left side. Parachutists are placed on the seats closer to the pilot cabin.

Each parachutist must be particularly attentive to the signals and commands of the producing, careful in handling its parachute, accurate in the execution of commands and signals, observational to the actions of other parachutes and the state of their parachutes.

During take-off and landing, a set of height and reduction, the parachutists must be fastened by binding belts. Smoking in the cargo cabin is strictly prohibited.

When performing training jumps after take-off and a set of height of at least 300 meters, the producing conducts inspection of the readiness of parachutists to the jump and the inspection of their parachutes, then gears the carbines of the chambers of stabilizing parachutes for the cables of the PRP latch inside the cargo cabin.

In the forest footage, if the parachutists are not known in advance when and in what place they will have to perform parachute jumps, dressing parachutes, protective equipment for leaping on the forest, rescue aircraft vests, starting control and engagement of the Karabinov for the PRP cable are held by the Observer pilot team the same way. In this case, only parachutes assigned to jumps are put on the parachutes. The remaining parachutes on the team of the producing occupy places closer to the pilot cabin.

If for any reason, the parachutists did not leave the plane, the producing is obliged before boarding the aircraft, the Karabins of the chambers of stabilizing parachutes from the PSP cables and consolidate the cameras on the earliest parachutists to a height of 300 meters.

In the plane, each parachutist must:

- after engaging the release of carbines for the cable to check the reliability of this attachment;

- to independently check the reliability of the mounting of a spare parachute, knife, detachable locks and all carbines of the suspended system, as well as protective equipment for leaping on the forest;

- when disembarking near the reservoirs, check the correctness of putting on and fixing the rescue vest;

- Warning other parachutists about the possibility of engaging their parachutes for the details on the plane;

- During the flight without the permission of the released from his seats, do not get up.

The released and his assistant for insurance against plane from the aircraft should have separate suspended systems with sidelines and quick-disconnecting brackets of the PZ mounts, suitable spare parachutes with knives, standard sacred ropes. They are allowed to fulfill their duties with the most basic and spare parachutes, or rescue parachutes. In all cases, from the moment of opening the cargo hatch and before its closure, the released and his assistant, located near the hatch fence, should be insured against the loss of the silent rope. One rope carbine covers the main circular stamp of the suspended system on the side level at the level of the belt, the other engages behind the mooring unit on the floor of the seat at a distance that does not allow falling into the open sash the fencing of the cargo hatch.

The issuing and his assistant is obliged to mutually verify each other the reliability of insurance against falling out of the aircraft, as well as the readiness for the parachute jump and the engagement of the Carabins of the chambers of the stabilizing parachutes for the PSP cables.

Upon appropriate to the place of towing parachute-firefighters and discharge of goods (with target departures for landing) or when the aircattering route (under the forest flight), the navigator clarifies the area, records the time and location of the aircraft into the Logbook and is inferior to the operator's pilot. In the future, he is obliged to be near his workplace, follow the orientation, not allowing the avoidance of the aircraft (without production necessity) from the route or area of \u200b\u200bwork.

Having taught the workplace of the navigator, the pilot observer checks the connection on the SPU with the FAC and the released and reports the FCS of the work - clarifies the course, height, patrol speed, smoothing deposit, landing, cargo relief.

After making a decision on landing (discharge of goods), the pilot-observer from a height of 600-800 m selects the site (section of the forest), gives the command to the release "to landing (discharge of goods) to get ready" and shows the KVC platform and release.

The inspection of the site is made from a height of 200 m with the left turn (left box) with a roll of up to 30 ° at a speed of at least 310 km / h.

After inspection of the site (area of \u200b\u200bthe forest), the observer pilot informs the FCC and the resulting height, speed, exchange rate, and the goal of the navigation (parachutist landing, reset, reset the targeting devices).

After the report of the released: "For landing (cargo discharge, targeting devices) is ready" Pilot Observer, Requesting the FCS: "Allow the Rampa", by his team: "Rampa to open" warns the released, turning on the red light of the light alarm and on SPU: "Rampa I open", includes a ramp opening toggle switch

After receiving the confirmation of the released: "Rampa is open" the pilot-observer clarifies with the FAC and producing height, course, speed, the purpose of the first right, given the size, the nature of the site, the tactical and technical data of the parachutes, weather conditions (wind, visibility), and the FCC performs maneuver at the occasion.

An entrance for landing (discharge of goods, targeting devices) is made on the "left box" on the course of the center of the site (forest site) - the estimated point of landing. After leaving the fourth reversal of the FCS gives the command to the release of flaps at 15 ° and a decrease in flight speed to 260 km / h, and the pilot observer warns the released: "On the reset course."

According to the teams of the observer flyer: "Right 10", "Left 5", "snake to the right", "keep it" the FCC clarifies the course of the site to the center of the site, performing a trust with a roll of no more than 5 ° -10 ° and "cottage" in The side of the contact so that the sliding pointer does not go beyond 0.5d.

Parachutist landing, resetting the targeting devices is made in a horizontal flight with a constant speed of 260 km / h, and cargo at speeds up to 300 km / h on the selected course in the center of the center of the site - the landing site of the target device (against the middle of the wind altitudes). According to the dialing device, the observer pilot determines the temporary exposure (point of landing).

The target devices are emitted by the hatch fencing released under the closed sash. The height of the discharge must be 100 meters below the planned height of parachutic landing.

For information of parachutists, after determining temporary exposure, the pilot observer reports the released: "The wind is weak, excerpt for 3 seconds," the wind is strong, exposure 20 seconds. "

For 10-20 seconds before approaching the setting point of landing (reset), the observer pilot gives the released command by turning on the yellow light signal and a short signal with a lilac and duplicating on the SPU released and the FCC: "get ready."

For 2-3 seconds before approaching the setting point of landing (reset), the observer pilot gives a command, including a green light signal and a long signal with a lilac, duplicating voice over SPU: "Went", "Reset".

After the freeing of cargo (targeting devices) and landing paratroopers, the pump will report: "Asiating, resetting the cargo, the target devices is over". "Disclosure of parachutes (targeting devices) is normal."

Having received the report of the released, the pilot-observer gives the team: "Rew", the FCC increases the speed of the flight to 310 km / h, gives a team to clean the closures and performs the flight in a circle to the left to the left with a roll to 30 ° so that it and the pilot observer can Watch the decline in parachutes, cargo, targeting devices and see the place of their landing.

If for any reason, the landing (reset) cannot be executed, the Observer pilot gives the "Reset I Prohibit" command, including a red light signal and duplicating the SPU command: "Tentization (reset) to retain".

At the end of the work, the released reports: "The work is over, you can close the ramp." Having received the permission of the KVC, the pilot observer closes the ramp. After closing the ramp, the released reports: "Rampa closed".

Note: All signals and commands on SPU producing, the pilot-observer and the FCC should give confirmation of the answers "understood", "ready", "retain", etc.

4.103. By team "Get ready!" Parachutists rising from their places assigned to the jump in this aircraft and are manufactured to the jump.

Each parachutic in manufacturing to the compartment must perform the following steps:

- turn to face in the direction of the cargo hatch of the aircraft;

- take your place along the axis of the aircraft in the back of the previous parachutist and take a steady position;

- take your carbine with a parachute camera with hand to the cable;

- to fill in ahead of the standing parachutist formed the slack of the connecting link and the stabilizer (connecting panel) under the right parachute wreck valve;

- to make sure that the stabilizer with the connecting link (connecting panel) does not hit the arm and does not cling to any protruding object of the equipment of the cargo cabin;

- take the position of complete readiness for jumping and strengthen attention to the next command of the producer.

To hold the steady position, the parachutists are allowed to stick to the free cable of the PRP or the ceiling panel of the cargo cabin.

By team "Get ready!" The released opens the fencing of the cargo hatch and watches the signals on the light scoreboard.

The assistant producing at this time watches the manufacture of parachutes to jump.

The first parachutist puts one leg on the edge of the hatch cutting and slightly dies. Hands for stability adheres to the upper corners of the right and left sections of the fencing of the cargo hatch.

The separation from the aircraft is performed almost without a shock, the scum, in dense grouping.

The second and subsequent paratroopers during the movement to the cargo hatch should strictly observe the priority of the jump, maintain a straightforward movement along the axis of the aircraft, do not overtake the parachute that goes ahead, prevent engagement with the parts of the parachute or equipment for the equipment of the cargo cabin. In the event that a paratrooper runs in front for any reason, or fell, it is necessary to immediately stop, help falling up, and if the team "retain!", Continue to continue moving towards a cargo, without breaking the arrivals. When approaching the cargo hatch, a parachutist, without lingering, is separated from the aircraft.

After separation from the aircraft, the parachutist counts the specified time (3-5 seconds) stabilization and the movement of the hand pulls the exhaust ring. In this case, it is necessary to maintain body grouping until the main paratchute is completely disclosed.

TRAINING TRAINING DAY

Earth Descent With Sura

The descent of rescuers to the ground with the help of Sura takes place under the guidance of a bornemaker in the following order:

- the bornemaker opens the door, prepares the winch, gives a team to the rescuer for landing;

- the rescuer puts on a backpack, fastened to the safety system, sits on the door threshold, fastens its safety gazebo to the Carabin of the winch cable and removes insurance;

- The bornemaker turns the boold boards outside, while the rescuer turns face to the helicopter. In order to prevent rocking and rotation, you need to hold onto the housing of the helicopter;

- During the descent, the main attention should be paid to the landing site. The first surface of the Earth should touch the cable, which is designed to remove the static charge of electricity from the helicopter body;

- After landing, the rescuer organizes a self-insurance, if necessary, disgusts the carabiner and gives the command to the bornemaker to raise the cable. At the same time, it is necessary to exclude cases of engagement of the cable for stones, stumps, protrusions, hitting it in a crack.