Natural Pacific saury. Saury fish: how to choose, calorie content, properties, benefits. How to choose canned saury

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Introduction

1. Fishing area

2. Fishing object

3. Regulatory and legal framework

4. Technologies of extraction and cultivation

5. Processing technology

6. Logistics

7. Sales markets

Literature

Introduction

saury spawning fish

Relevance of work... Pacific saury is the only intensively exploited representative of the mackerel family. From the 17th century to the present, this species has been a valuable object of specialized fishing in the North Pacific Ocean. At present, the annual catch of saury by the countries of the Asia-Pacific basin is 300-400 thousand tons.The share of the domestic catch is only about 15%, although there are significant reserves for its increase

Advanced scientific study Pacific saury began in the first half of the 20th century. This period includes the first migration patterns of saury, studies of the distribution of aggregations and its behavior (Andriyashev, 1939; Alperovich, 1940; Sho, 1935; Nakamura, 1937, etc.). A significant, invaluable contribution to the study of this species was made by domestic researchers (Parin, 1960; Novikov, 1966, 1967; Rumyantsev, 1947; Sidelnikov, 1963, 1974, 1981; Shuntov, 1967; Serdyuk, 1967, 1970a, 19706; Pavlychev, 1968; Sablin, 1978; Ivanov, 1994, etc.). Their judgments on various issues of the biology and ecology of the Pacific saury have not lost their significance at the present time. However, despite the fact that in the second half of the 20th century a very large number of publications appeared, including summarizing summaries (Odate, 1977; Fukushima, 1979; Sablin, 1980, etc.), devoted to various aspects of the biology and economic use of saury, many questions remained unsolved. These should include the population structure of saury, the place and role of this species in marine ecosystems, long-term changes in biological parameters, as well as population forecasting. Many specific issues of interest in connection with the economic use of the species are also insufficiently covered - the size-age structure of commercial aggregations, the features of their distribution and formation, the structure of the stock, including in different regions. Progress in understanding these issues should contribute to the development of a modern strategy for fishing saury and a more rational use of its reserves, which only in the northwestern part of the ocean reach several million tons (Novikov, 1974; Oozeki et al., 1999).

In the last decades of the last century, the main emphasis in Russian studies was made on the study of the biology and ecology of saury in a relatively limited area - in the Pacific waters of the Kuril Islands. Only one TINRO has prepared several dissertations and published a large number of works highlighting and generalizing various areas of research in this region, from the general biological characteristics of the species to the features of technological processing (Sidelnikov, 1966; Novikov, 1967; Sablin, 1980; Shatalina, 1986; Filatov, 1989).

At the same time, scientific works on the biology and ecology of the species in the Sea of Japan and Okhotsk, the central and northeastern parts of the Pacific Ocean are fragmentary (Rumyantsev, 1947; Shuntov, 1967; Novikov, 1973; Baytalyuk, Davydova, 2002; Baytalyuk, Davydova, 2004), there are practically no scientific recommendations and analysis of the use of various types of fishing gear in these areas. A similar picture can be traced in relation to foreign studies. Among the few can be noted the work of I. Gong (Gong, 1984), which highlights the features of the biology and fishery of saury in the southern part of the Sea of Japan and the work of American authors (Smith et al., 1970; Inoue, Hughes, 1971) concerning the features of biology and the ecology of saury in the northeastern ocean.

One of the important tasks of the Russian fishing industry is the development of the resources of unused or underutilized species of aquatic organisms. The resources of the Pacific saury are currently underutilized. Thus, another task posed in this work is to study the interannual dynamics of saury abundance, the current state of stocks, and develop recommendations for the rational exploitation of saury with a more significant commercial pressure.

Scientific novelty. Despite the numerous works devoted to the study of the ecology and biology of saury, there are no generalizations covering the maximum possible number of groups of Pacific saury. The main attention in the work is paid to the issues of saury cultivation technology and its rational harvesting in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean.

The accumulated new data, as well as the analysis of information in the literature, made it possible to obtain a more complete picture of the distribution, spawning, migrations, the size-age structure, the current state of stocks and the prospects for the saury fishery in a certain part of its range.

Practical significance. The generalization of long-term data made it possible to determine the current state and trends in the number of saury in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, which for the near future remains a priority fishing object here.

1. Fishing area

The practice of scientific support for the Pacific saury fishery over the past 10 years and the studies carried out during this period of the distribution of its commercial concentrations in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean using retrospective ship hydrometeorological and hydrobiological measurements, biological data, as well as satellite altimetry data, made it possible to advance in understanding the behavior of shoals. , depending on oceanological conditions at various spatial and temporal scales. The Pacific saury has an extensive habitat (Fig. 1) and during its life makes extensive migrations.

Rice. Distribution of Pacific saury: 1 - area, 2 - water area of the main habitat of a part of the population spawning in the waters of the Oyashio, Kuroshio and Tsushima currents, 3 - areas of accumulation formation, fished by the fleets of Russia, Japan, the Republic of Korea and the Republic of China (Taiwan)

The main Russian fishing area for Pacific saury is in the Pacific Ocean, or rather in its northwestern part. Saury is also mined in the Kuril-Kamchatka region. These are the two main areas for saury extraction and fishing.

Northwest Region (NWTO). These are the richest, mainly shelf seas of the Pacific Ocean. Some scientists consider the Sea of Okhotsk the richest in the world in terms of fish resources and biomass of fodder benthos (220-400 g / m2). The NWTO is home to the main Russian fisheries, saury, pollock, ivasi sardines and other valuable commercial fish, and from invertebrates - the famous Kamchatka king crab.

The area includes the western part of the Bering Sea, the Okhotsk, Japanese, Yellow, East China Seas and adjacent areas of the open Pacific Ocean.

The water area of the NWTO is 20.5 million km 2. The high bioproductivity of the region's waters is determined by powerful currents - warm Kuroshio and cold Oyashio (Kamchatka).

The region ranks first in the world in terms of catching fish and invertebrates (over 84 thousand tons in 2014.

In 1992, the world's largest fish catch in this area was in the first place was pollock (fish from the cod family) with an annual catch of 3.5 million tons, on the second - fish of the slabby family (2.6 million tons), on the third - sardine -ivasi (2.5 million tons). Unfortunately, saury (382 thousand tons) took 10th place. Currently, data on the catch of saury in this area are very few, and for some years they are completely absent.

Stocks of pelagic fish (ivasi sardines, mackerel, anchovies, saury), as in other areas of the World Ocean, are subject to significant long-term fluctuations in abundance. From the 17th century to the present day, Pacific saury has been a valuable specialized fishery in the North Pacific Ocean. The total catch of this species in some years reached 0.5-0.6 million tons, and in the last decade it is 0.2-0.4 million tons.

The main area of the domestic saury fishing is located in the Pacific waters of the southern Kuril Islands. In the second half of the 1980s. saury fishery was quite successful in the region of the middle Kuril Islands. However, the fishery in this area has not received further development.

In the second half of the 1990s. due to a decrease in economic interest, the Russian catch of saury has significantly decreased. However, after 1999, there has been an increase in the catch of saury by the domestic fleet, which, on the one hand, coincided with an increase in the efficiency of fishing, since 1999, on average, it has been more than 10 tons per ship day, and on the other hand, with an increase in the profitability of the fleet.

At the same time, despite the increased interest in this fishing object, the volume of withdrawals in the Russian EEZ does not exceed 50% of the TAC. There is no domestic saury fishery in the Sea of Japan, although the annual TAC here is 45-40 thousand tons. Thus, there is an underutilized reserve of saury stocks, both in the Pacific waters and in the Sea of Japan. In these regions, in recent years, there has been an increase and stabilization of the number of the species. In some months of recent years, the biomass of saury in the EEZ of Russia and adjacent waters of the Pacific Ocean reached several hundred thousand tons, an order of magnitude or more exceeding the volume of withdrawn in these areas. In the 1990s. only within the national economic zones of Russia and Japan, the commercial stock of saury ranged from 1 to 4 million tons, while the total volume of withdrawals during this period did not exceed 30%. Russian catch of saury in 1998 - 2005, thousand tons.

Saury catch dynamics

World catches of saury


TTys.

Fishing for fish and other aquatic organisms in the NWTO is carried out by: China (the catch of this country amounted to more than 8.7 million tons), Japan (more than 7.3 million tons), in third place is Russia (3.2 million tons), then South Korea (over 1.9 million tons) and North Korea (over 1.6 million tons).

Here Russia mainly catches pollock (more than 2.3 million tons, or 73% of the total Russian catch in this area), as well as sardine-ivasi (165 thousand tons), Pacific cod (154 thousand tons), Far Eastern salmon - chum salmon, pink salmon, coho salmon and sockeye salmon (their Russian annual catch was 115 thousand tons) and Pacific herring (109 thousand tons).

Thus, in the NWTO, Russia catches about 58% of its total catch in the World Ocean. However, from the catch of all countries in the NWTO, Russia produces only 13.3% here.

Since the NWTO is the most important fishing area for Russia, below I give information about the seas included in it: the Bering, Okhotsk and Japanese. In which saury is most extracted.

Bering Sea

The Bering Sea is bounded from the west by Chukotka and Kamchatka, from the east by the northern part of Alaska, and from the south by the Aleutian Islands. The sea area is 2.3 million km2, the average depth is 1598 m, the maximum (in the Kamchatka Strait) is 5.5 km.

The sea consists of two parts, differing in depth - northeastern shallow (up to 200 m) and southwestern deep-water.

The climate of the northern part of the sea is harsh, the water temperature on the surface in summer does not exceed 5-6 ° C. However, warm waters penetrate into the southern part of the sea from the south through the straits of the Aleutian ridge, the water temperature here is higher - 9-10 ° С. Eddy currents lead to upwellings and an increase in biological productivity. In the northern shallow waters, phytoplankton intensively develops here in spring, zooplankton in the spring-summer period, and the biomass of zooplankton reaches 1 - 2.5 g / m3. In the north of the Bering Sea, the biomass of benthos is high (over 800 g / m2).

The ichthyofauna of the Bering Sea numbers 315 species. Most of them are cold-water boreal species, in the north there are also arctic ones. There are 25 fish species of commercial importance. Most important for fishing: herring, pollock, cod, saury, flounder, etc.

The most nutritionally valuable fish are Pacific salmon, char and smelt.

The fishery in the Bering Sea is carried out by Russia, Japan and the United States. The catch of Russia is about 600 thousand tons, of which the largest part is pollock.

The fish productivity of the Bering Sea (1500 kg / km2) corresponds to the most productive regions of the World Ocean.

Under the influence of intensive fishing, catches and stocks of some aquatic organisms - cod, flounder, herring, salmon, and Kamchatka crabs are decreasing.

The most valuable objects of the Russian fishery are salmon fish. Their catch is about 40 thousand tons per year (including 22 thousand tons of pink salmon, 10 thousand tons of chum salmon, 2 thousand tons of coho salmon and chinook salmon each). The main areas for saury fishing are located in the Pacific waters of the southern Kuril Islands.

Sea of Okhotsk

The Sea of Okhotsk is separated from the Pacific Ocean by the Kamchatka peninsula, the Kuril Islands and the island of Hokkaido. Its water area is more than 1.6 million km2. The maximum depth is 3657 m. The Amur River flows into it. The water temperature in summer varies from 1.5 to 15 ° C (usually 5-6 °), in winter 1.8-2.0 °.

Salinity varies from 31-34 ppm in the open sea to 25-30 ppm in bays and estuaries.

From October to June, the Sea of Okhotsk is covered with ice. The northern and southwestern parts of the sea are vast shallow waters with depths of less than 1000 m (69% of the water area). Moving to the south, the depth increases, in the southeast of the sea there is a deep-water basin with a maximum depth of 3657 m.

The Sea of Okhotsk, although not the northernmost, but the coldest of the Pacific seas, its climate is more continental than that of the Bering Sea. The Penzhinsky Bay is a kind of "refrigerator" of the sea. Along the continent, the main cold current is directed from north to south, gradually deviating to the east. In the south of the sea, the climate is warmer: through the southern straits of the Kuril Islands, warm waters of the Kuroshio Current penetrate here.

The general direction of water circulation in the Sea of Okhotsk is cyclonic (counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere, clockwise in the southern hemisphere). There is an intermediate layer of water in the sea, approximately at a depth of 150 m, which does not transmit oxygen contained in the surface layers to the depth, and also does not transmit nutrients contained in the deep layers to the surface.

The Sea of Okhotsk is one of the most bioproductive in the world for the development of benthos: it ranks second in this indicator after the Sea of Azov (400 g / m2). Most of the benthos is here in the northern shallow waters, in the waters of the western shelf of Kamchatka and the eastern shelf of Sakhalin.

According to the famous researcher of the Far Eastern seas P.Yu. Schmidt, the Sea of Okhotsk for its fish wealth ranks first not only among our Far Eastern seas, but also among all the seas known to us.

The fish fauna (ichthyofauna) of the Sea of Okhotsk includes more than 300 species, mostly cold-water ones. Only in the south and southwest of the sea, where the climate is warmer, are representatives of the southern boreal and subtropical faunas inhabited: mullet, mackerel, saury, anchovies, etc.

There are about 30 commercial species. The fishery is based on such fish as pollock, herring, cod, saury, salmon, etc. It is the latter group (salmon - chum salmon, pink salmon, sockeye salmon, etc.) are the main wealth of the Sea of Okhotsk.

In general, the biological resources of the Sea of Okhotsk are used very intensively.

In 1984, the USSR established its 200-mile fishing zone in the Sea of Okhotsk. As a result, in the central part of the Sea of Okhotsk, an area of the "open sea" was formed, where other countries, especially Japan, began to conduct active fishing. In some seasons, up to 60 large foreign fishing vessels are concentrated here. As a result, the stocks of the main commercial fish here were threatened with “plundering”. At present, tough measures are being taken to preserve the biological resources of the Sea of Okhotsk. Far Eastern scientists argue that in a year there will be no commercial fish left in the Sea of Okhotsk. Alaska pollock stocks here have decreased tenfold over the past 10 years. The main reason is uncontrolled fishing. Experts say that hundreds of ships literally scoop out the fish, simply preventing it from growing. At the same time, a huge part of the catch is simply thrown overboard due to imperfect technology. Dozens of fishing companies, Russian and foreign, are participating in the devastation of the Sea of Okhotsk. At the same time, foreigners underestimate the catch volumes.

Japanese Sea

The Sea of Japan is bounded from the west by the Russian continental Primorye, from the southwest by the Korean Peninsula, and from the east by Sakhalin Island and the Japanese Islands. The sea washes the shores of Russia, North and South Korea, and Japan. The Sea of Japan is connected with the Sea of Okhotsk by the Tatar, Nevelskoy and La Perouse straits, and with the Pacific Ocean by the Sangar Strait, with the East China and Yellow Seas by the Korean Straits.

The water area of the sea is 1.06 million km2, its maximum depth is 3720 m. There are bays - East Korean and Peter the Great. The main Russian ports are located here: Vladivostok, Nakhodka, Vostochny. The shelves are poorly developed (only the northern part of the Tatar Strait, Primorye and Peter the Great Bay).

Unlike the Okhotsk and Bering Seas, the deep-water basin of the Sea of Japan is filled with very cold water with a constant temperature of about 0C. In summer, only the upper layer warms up to a depth of 200-250 m. The water temperature on the surface in winter varies from zero (in the north) to 12 ° (in the south), but in summer it warms up to 17-26 °. Therefore, the northern part of the Sea of Japan is covered with ice in winter, while the southern part is warm due to the warm Pacific waters penetrating here from the south.

From the Tatar Strait, a cold coastal current moves in a southerly direction.

Salinity in the Sea of Japan varies from 27.5 ppm offshore to 34.8 ppm in its open area.

In the recent geological past, before the Ice Age, the land level in the zone of the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk was higher than it is now, therefore the Japanese Islands, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands were a single whole with the Asian continent. At that time, the Sea of Japan was an inland freshwater body of water, and the Okhotsk Sea was connected to the ocean by just one strait.

Somewhat later, the land subsided, and these seas merged with the Pacific Ocean in straits that were quite deep near the Bering and Okhotsk Seas and relatively shallow near the Sea of Japan.

The Sea of Japan, like the Bering Sea and the Sea of Japan, is quite productive in terms of the development of plankton. Warm-water planktonic species come here in abundance from the south, along with the Tsushima Current.

The ichthyofauna of the Sea of Japan numbers 615 species, of which 40 are of commercial importance. The composition of the fish fauna here is very different in different parts of the sea. Basically it is boreal, but in the northwest of the sea it is colder (navaga, cod, herring, flounder, greenling), and in the south it is subtropical and tropical (mackerel, horse mackerel, tuna, saury, anchovy).

The total catch of fish by all countries here reaches 1.5 million tons per year, including the annual catch of Russia - more than 300 thousand tons.

The most important fishing object is the Ivasi sardine, the reserves of which have experienced significant long-term fluctuations (catches from 20 thousand tons to 3 million tons per year). In the twentieth century, an “outbreak” of the abundance of Iwasi sardines was observed here in 1936-1941, then, from 1943 to the 70s, a depression in stocks due to changes in the conditions of reproduction and habitat of juveniles was observed until the mid-80s. - an increase in stocks, and then - a new decline.

Among other fish, a certain role is also played by pollock with a possible annual catch of up to 70 thousand tons, salmon (pink salmon and chum salmon) with an annual catch of about 8 thousand tons (in the Amur River, northern Primorye and in the south-west of Sakhalin Island), herring, gobies, smelt, flounder, cod and navaga.

2. Fishing object

The scientific name of the genus comes from the Greek word kolos meaning "short", and Latin labia-- "lips".

Systematics:

Kingdom: Animals ( Animalia)

Subkingdom: Eumetazoi or true multicellular ( Eumetazoa)

Chapter: Bilaterally asymmetric ( Bilateria)

Subsection: Secondary ( Deuterostomia)

Supertype: Khordaria ( Chordaria)

A type: Chordates ( Chordata)

Subtype: Cranial ( Craniata)

Superclass: Maxillary ( Gnathostomata)

Class: Bony fish ( Osteichthyes)

Subclass: Ray-finned ( Actinopterygii)

Infraclass: Bony fish ( Teleostei)

Superorder: Cyprinodontoid ( Cyprinodontomorpha)

Detachment: Sargan-like ( Beloniformes)

Suborder: Sarganoid ( Scomberesocoidei)

Family: Mackerel ( Scomberesocidae)

Genus: Saira ( Cololabissaira)

View: Pacific saury ( Cololabis saira)

Family: Mackerel (S comberesocidae ):

It includes only 3 species - mackerel, saury and dwarf saury, which belong to the massive planktivorous fish of the epipelagic, including the open ocean. They belong to the moderately warm-water ichthyofauna, they are absent in cold Arctic waters and in the tropical zone. Stocks of mackerel are very large, but are used to a small extent, mainly in the northwest Pacific. The catch of saury in the Pacific Ocean in some years exceeded 500 thousand tons. Huge reserves of saury in the zone of the North Pacific drift are not used by fishery at all, since it does not form dense accumulations and is poorly concentrated under artificial lighting.

Appearance: The body is elongated, covered with small, easily falling scales. Both jaws are pointed and form a small beak. The lower jaw is slightly longer than the upper one. The teeth are very small, weak, and pointed. The pectoral and pelvic fins are small. The dorsal fin is not large, displaced far back, similar in shape to the anal one. Behind the dorsal and anal fins there are 4 - 6 small additional fins. The lateral line is displaced towards the belly, extending to the 4th lower accessory fin. The back is dark green with a blue tint, the belly is silvery, the ventral and anal fins are pale yellow, the rest are dark.

Spawning area: It is one of the most abundant planktivorous fish in the epipelagic zone of the North Pacific Ocean. The northern border of the spawning part of the saury range runs along approximately 40 - 42 north latitude (N) from the eastern coast of Honshu to the shores of California, descending in American waters to the south of 35 N. The southern border of the range, coinciding with the southern periphery of the spawning area, runs from the Ryukyu Islands at 20 - 25 N, goes around the Hawaiian Islands from the north and closes at the southern tip of the California Peninsula. Thus, the spawning area is located in the subtropical waters of the Kuroshio Current and its continuation - the North Pacific Current, carrying eggs, larvae and fry to the east. In the eastern part of the ocean, the North Pacific Current diverges into the Alaskan and Californian currents; therefore, juveniles of saury spawning in American waters are widely dispersed from the Gulf of Alaska to the California Peninsula. Juveniles are also carried to the Severo-Kuril and Aleutian waters, but, apparently, for the most part do not return to the reproduction areas.

Saira feeding and its distribution: Saury feeding is associated with subarctic waters and the mixing zone of the Kuroshio and Oyashio. North of 40 N. besides juveniles, only feeding saury is found, the distribution of which to the north is subject to significant interannual variability. In some years, it can penetrate in the summer into the waters of eastern Kamchatka and even into the Olyutorsky Bay. In the open ocean it settles up to the Aleutian ridge (50 N), being here an important food item for feeding salmon and tuna. The saury assimilate the feeding part of the range actively only by adult fish; the main factor influencing the distribution during this period is the distribution of water masses of various origins.

Life cycle and dimensions: Saira is a fish with a short life cycle; lives up to 3 - 4 years of age, while reaching a length of 35 - 36 centimeters (see) and a weight of 200 grams (g), (according to some sources, the maximum length is 40 cm, and the age limit is 5 years.) saury on all registration structures does not give sufficiently reliable results. According to the latest data, saury live only 2 years, and spawn once. Fish at the age of 1 year on average 23cm long. and weigh 44 g. Individuals of the limiting age with a length of 36 cm reach a mass of 180 g.

Reproduction: The spawning season for saury is extremely extended, and is observed almost all year round. In the western part of the Pacific Ocean, in the waters of the Kuroshio occurs in the autumn - winter and spring periods at a temperature of 14-25?. Saury reaches sexual maturity at the age of two (1+), upon reaching a length of at least 23 cm. But this is not consistent with a life expectancy of 2 years. Apparently, saury partially matures by the end of the first year of life. The main spawning area is the southern part of the Sea of Japan, where there are a lot of sargassum algae floating on the surface, serving as a substrate for laying eggs. The fertility of saury is 9-23 thousand eggs. The caviar of saury is oval in shape, with a diameter of 1.5-2.0 mm. (millimeters). The caviar is sprinkled in portions, each of which contains about 5 thousand eggs. At one of its poles, there is a bundle of sticky hair-like appendages with which it attaches to a stationary (coastal vegetation) and mobile (fin, algae) substrate.

Seasonal migrations: Seasonal migrations associated with spawning and feeding have been studied only for saury inhabiting the northwestern part of the ocean. In the second half of the spawning period (March - April) saury migrates northward, by the end of June it approaches the Oyashio front. And they concentrate near the southern Kuril Islands, including the southeast of the Sea of Okhotsk, reaching in some years the waters of southern Kamchatka and the southwestern part of the Bering Sea. The densest accumulations of feeding fish are located in the area of the junction of warm and cold waters. Where the temperature gradients are not high (in the north of the feeding area), saury is kept thin. In September - October, mature fish gradually begin to migrate south, but accumulations at the front near Oyashio and Kuroshio persist until December. By the beginning of winter, most of Saira is concentrated in the waters of the Kuroshio, which have a temperature of at least 14 ?, to the south and east of the islands of Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu.

In the Sea of Japan, saury appears in its southern part in April and gradually moves northward, adhering to the streams of the Tsushima Current. By the end of summer, it penetrates the Tatar Strait, but this happens only in warm years. Off the coast of Primorye and Sakhalin Island of Moneron to Cape Lomanon, saury, including spawning, appeared in large quantities in 1942-1946 and 1948-1950. Its eggs were found on traps of plug-in seines and drift nets, and young of the year accumulated in large numbers at the side of ships, drifting with orders of drift nets. Spawning in the northern part of the Sea of Japan continues throughout the summer; with the onset of cold snaps, saury leaves to the south.

One of the main and stable feeding areas for saury in the Sea of Japan is located off the coast of the island of Korea between 35 and 39 N. with a distance from the coast up to 200 miles, including partially the Yamato Bank. Intensive net fishing is conducted here. Saury is caught practically all year round, but the most stable fishing situation occurs in March - June and November - December during the northern and southern migration. According to long-term data (1959 - 2004), in March - June, an average of 67% (maximum in May) and 30% in November - December are caught. In July - September, saury mostly leaves the coastal waters of the Korea Peninsula, catches per effort are decreasing. At this time, less than 4% of the annual catch is caught. The fishing area changes little over the years, but in warm years the center of the fishery shifts to the north and, conversely, there is no relationship between the size of the catch and the type of year. In addition, in warm years, the share of large saury catch increases.

Saury juveniles do not make active migrations; they are passively carried by currents.

Nutrition: Saury feeds on zooplankton, mainly crustaceans - copepods, hyperiids and euphausia, sometimes eggs and larvae of fish, in particular anchovy. Feeding occurs only during daylight hours; during spawning, feeding is almost completely stopped.

Economic value: An important specialized fishery in the Pacific waters. The reserves of saury in the Sea of Japan are practically not used by the domestic fishery, although fishermen from South and North Korea produce here up to 40 thousand tons per year.

It is mainly mined in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean and the adjacent southwestern parts of the Sea of Okhotsk. The Russian catch in 1958-1997 ranged from 0.4 to 73.0 thousand tons. High catches were in the first half of the 70s (43.0 - 69.0), low - in 1983 - 1986 (0.4 - 11.5). In 1997 and 1998. Russian fishermen caught only 7 and 5, but already in 2000. produced 40.6 thousand tons. For all these years, the Japanese harvested an average of 220 thousand tons, the maximum catch was 623 thousand tons in 1925. Catches of over 300 thousand tons were in 1954 - 1956, 1978 - 1979. In the last 10 years (1989-1998), the average catch was 269 thousand tons per year. (Figure 3). Stocks are underutilized. The potential catch in the ocean waters of the economic zone of Russia is estimated at 150 thousand tons, and the total catch in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean may be at least 450 thousand tons.

3. Legal and regulatory framework

People have long tried to preserve and increase the wealth of our country. But today this issue is extremely acute, not only with mineral resources, flora and fauna, but also with the fishing industry. Today, there are a number of laws that partially restrict or completely prohibit one or another human activity in the fishing industry.

Currently, there are a number of fishing areas called a basin. There are eight of them. (ФЗ - 166; Art. 17) Far East, Baikal, North, Volga - Caspian, Azov - Black Sea, East - Siberian, West - Siberian, West. Each pool has its own set of rules and in order to know exactly these or those restrictions, you first need to determine in which pool a particular pitchfork lives.

The habitat and fishing area of the Pacific saury is concentrated in the Far East basin. On October 21, 2013, Order No. 385 of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation approved the fishing rules for the Far Eastern fishery basin. Here are some of them:

Point 2 Parts l. indicates which areas of production (catch), fishing zones (subzones), and their boundaries includes the Far Eastern basin.

The Far Eastern fishery basin includes:

a) Chukchi Sea with basins of rivers flowing into it, Bering Sea with basins of rivers flowing into it, waters of the Pacific Ocean adjacent to Eastern Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands with basins of rivers flowing into it, Sea of Okhotsk with basins of rivers flowing into it, Sea of Japan with basins of rivers flowing into it, as well as water bodies of fishery significance located on the land territory of the Russian Federation within the boundaries of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug; Primorsky, Khabarovsky and Kamchatka territories; Jewish Autonomous Region; Sakhalin, Magadan and Amur regions, limited by the basins of the above rivers, with the exception of ponds and flooded quarries owned by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipal and private property;

Clause 16 speaks of the prohibition of the catch (catch) of all types of aquatic biological resources during the course of the Pacific salmon.

It is prohibited to harvest (catch) all types of aquatic biological resources near [...] the mouths of spawning salmon rivers at a distance of less than 2 km on both sides of the mouth and at a distance of 2 km into the sea or bay during the course of Pacific salmon - from May 15 to October 31 (in the Primorye subarea within the boundaries of the Primorsky Territory - all fish species, excluding Pacific salmon, from June 1 to October 31), within the boundaries of the Magadan region - all fish species, excluding Pacific salmon, from July 1 to September 15, on Iturup Island - from July 1 to October 31, on Kunashir Island - from July 15 to October 31).

Clause 21 The commercial size of aquatic biological resources is determined fresh:

in fish, by measuring the length from the top of the snout (with the mouth closed) to the base of the middle rays of the caudal fin;

Clause 22. By-catch of aquatic biological resources of less commercial size (juveniles) is allowed:

22.3. in the specialized fishing of other types of aquatic biological resources and in other areas - in the amount of not more than 8 percent on the account for one operation for the extraction (catch) of the catch of this object;

Clause 31. When fishing, it is prohibited:

31.1. to extract (catch) aquatic biological resources:

· Without a permit to harvest (catch) aquatic biological resources (except for the harvest (catch) of the permitted by-catch), as well as without allocated quotas (volumes) for the harvest (catch) of aquatic biological resources, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation;

· In excess of the allocated quotas (volumes) of catch (catch) in the areas of catch (catch), as well as types of aquatic biological resources and the amount of permitted by-catch;

· In the absence of a person responsible for the procurement (catch) of aquatic biological resources (when fishing without the use of fishing vessels);

· From ships and floating equipment that are not registered in accordance with the established procedure (with the exception of ships and floating equipment that are not subject to state registration);

With the use of explosive, toxic and narcotic drugs (substances), tools and methods of extraction (catch), affecting aquatic biological resources with electric current, piercing tools of extraction (catch) and firearms (except for the extraction (catch) of mammals), as well as others tools and methods of catching (catching) prohibited by the legislation of the Russian Federation;

· Ways of crooking, jamming, rutting (including with the help of rattling and botanizing);

· In wintering pits;

On inland waterways (navigable fairways) used for navigation (with the exception of areas agreed with the basin authorities on inland water transport in which water transport is not interfered with), at dams, locks at a distance of less than 500 m, at waste collectors within a radius of less than 500 m;

· In prohibited periods and in areas (places) of production (catch) closed for catch (catch);

31.2. accept (hand over), have on board the vessel catches of aquatic biological resources (or fish or other products from them) of one species under the name of another species or without indicating in the fishing log or technological log of the species composition of the catch, accept (hand over) the catches without weighing them, or determining the amount of catch of aquatic biological resources by the volume-weight method, and / or by the piece-by-piece recalculation method, followed by recalculation by the average weight of aquatic biological resources;

31.3. keep records and provide information on the extraction (catch) of aquatic biological resources with a distortion of the actual size of the catch, its species composition, the tools used for catch (catch), terms, types of use and methods of catch (catch), as well as without specifying the area of production (catch) or with the indication of the incorrect name of the area of production (catch);

A deviation from the weight of fish and other products from aquatic biological resources [...] on board the vessel, previously declared by the captain of the vessel, within 5 percent in one direction or another, with the subsequent introduction of adjustments in the fishing log, technological log and customs declaration with the notification of the relevant controllers organs.

31.4. to have on board ships and floating equipment, fishing grounds, as well as in places of production of fish and other products from aquatic biological resources, aquatic biological resources (including their fragments (parts) and / or fish or other products from them) not included in the fishing log , technological journal, acceptance documents;

31.5. to have on board the vessel and fishing grounds in working condition, suitable for fishing, fishing gear (catch), the use of which in this area and at a given period of time is prohibited, as well as aquatic biological resources, the extraction (catch) of which in this area and in this the period of time is prohibited, or their fragments (parts);

31.6 install:

fishing gear (catch) with overlapping more than 2/3 of the width of the river bed, stream or channel, and the deepest part of the channel should remain free [...]. Simultaneous or alternate sweeping of seines from opposite banks "into the castle" is also prohibited;

fixed tools of extraction (catch) in a checkerboard pattern;

31.7. use:

Fixed (anchor) and drifter (smooth) tools of prey (catch), including orders connected or sewn from nets, without indicating their position with the help of buoys or identification marks on which information about the name of the user carrying out the extraction (catch) of aquatic biological resources is applied and the number of the permit for the extraction (catch) of aquatic biological resources;

31.8. to throw away the extracted (caught) aquatic biological resources permitted for harvest (catch). Shredded waste from the processing of catches of aquatic biological resources can be discharged beyond 3 nautical miles from the nearest coast, with the exception of such discharge in the water areas of water bodies provided for use by legal entities, individual entrepreneurs and / or citizens on the basis of a water use agreement, in the zones of sanitary protection of water bodies, in port waters and in the roadsteads of ships;

31.10. use fishing gear (catch), having the size and equipment, as well as the size (pitch) of the mesh, which do not meet the requirements of the Fishing Rules;

31.11. allow pollution of water bodies of fishery importance and deterioration of the natural habitat of aquatic biological resources;

31.12. to harvest (catch) acclimatized types of aquatic biological resources that are not allowed in the prescribed manner for harvesting (catching). Such aquatic biological resources that have fallen into the catch (catch) must immediately be released in living form into their natural habitat with the least damage, and the fact of their capture must be recorded in the fishing log;

31.13. to leave waste from cutting aquatic biological resources in fishing grounds;

Clause 35. It is prohibited to catch (catch):

35.2. in inland water bodies of fishery importance, with the exception of inland sea waters located on the territory of Primorsky Krai:

a) all types of aquatic biological resources:

· In the tributaries of the Razdolnaya River: Ananyevka, Nezhinka, Sirenevka, Gryaznaya, Second River;

· The Barabashevka river (from the mouth, including the outer estuary within a radius of 2 km, to the Barabashevsky bridge), the Ryazanovka river (including the outer estuary within a radius of 2 km);

· The Yellow river;

35.3. in Lake Elgygytgyn, located on the territory of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, all types of aquatic biological resources.

Clause 37. It is prohibited:

37.2. catch (catch) of all types of aquatic biological resources by trawls in the northern part of the Ussuri Bay, limited in the south by a line connecting Cape Basargin and Cape Otkryty (Peter the Great Bay) - from April 15 to June 15;

Clause 95. Users engaged in the extraction (catch) of aquatic biological resources, guilty of violating the Fishing Rules, are liable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

On December 20, 2004, Federal Law No. 166 "On Fishing and Conservation of Aquatic Biological Resources" was adopted, which says:

Article 6.Scope of legislation on fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources

The legislation on fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources applies to:

1) the internal waters of the Russian Federation, including the internal sea waters of the Russian Federation, as well as on the territorial sea of the Russian Federation, the continental shelf of the Russian Federation and the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation;

2) ships on the high seas, sailing under the State flag of the Russian Federation and assigned to the ports of the Russian Federation, unless otherwise provided by an international treaty of the Russian Federation;

3) the land territory of the Russian Federation, which is used for fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources.

Article 7.Participants of relations in the field of fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources

1. Participants in relations in the field of fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources are the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipalities, citizens and legal entities.

2. On behalf of the Russian Federation, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities, the state authorities of the Russian Federation, the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and local self-government bodies, respectively, shall participate in relations in the field of fisheries and the conservation of aquatic biological resources within the limits of their competence established by regulatory legal acts, determining the status of these bodies.

Article 7.1.Production of fish and other products from aquatic biological resources

1. On ships of the fishing fleet, the production of fish and other products from aquatic biological resources is allowed in the implementation of industrial fishing.

2. The use of catches of aquatic biological resources obtained (caught) in the implementation of coastal fishing is carried out for the production of fish and other products from aquatic biological resources on the territories of coastal subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as in cases provided for by this Federal Law on ships of the fishing fleet.

3. The use of catches of aquatic biological resources obtained (caught) in the implementation of types of fishing not specified in part 1 of this article may be carried out for the production of fish and other products from aquatic biological resources on the territory of any constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

4. The production of fish and other products from aquatic biological resources is carried out in accordance with the requirements of technical regulations.

Article 7.3.Scientific activity in the field of fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources

2. Scientific activity in the field of fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources can be carried out both with the withdrawal and without the withdrawal of aquatic biological resources from their habitat.

Article 10.Ownership of aquatic biological resources

1. Aquatic biological resources are in federal ownership, except for the cases provided for in part 2 of this article.

2. Aquatic biological resources living in ponds, watered quarries may be in federal ownership, property of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipal and private property.

3. Legal entities and citizens who carry out fishing in the manner prescribed by this Federal Law acquire the right of ownership to the extracted (caught) aquatic biological resources in accordance with civil legislation.

Article 12.Restrictions on the right to procure (catch) aquatic biological resources

The right to procure (catch) aquatic biological resources may be limited in accordance with federal laws and international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Article 13.Termination of the right to procure (catch) aquatic biological resources

1. The right to procure (catch) aquatic biological resources shall be terminated:

1) upon the expiration of the validity period of the right to procure (catch) aquatic biological resources;

2) by agreement between the person to whom aquatic biological resources are provided for use, and the authorized body of state power;

3) upon refusal of the person to whom the aquatic biological resources were provided for use, from the right to procure (catch) the specified aquatic biological resources;

4) upon liquidation of a legal entity or in connection with the death of a citizen to whom aquatic biological resources were provided for use;

5) in other cases provided for by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and other federal laws.

Article 15.Types of aquatic biological resources for which fishing is carried out

1. Fishing is carried out in relation to the types of aquatic biological resources, the extraction (catch) of which is not prohibited.

2. Lists of types of aquatic biological resources in relation to which commercial fishing and coastal fishing are carried out shall be approved by the federal executive body in the field of fisheries.

3. The list of especially valuable and valuable types of aquatic biological resources is approved by the federal executive authority in the field of fisheries.

Article 16.Fishing types

1. Citizens and legal entities can carry out the following types of fishing:

1) industrial fishing;

2) coastal fishing;

3) fishing for research and control purposes;

4) fishing for educational and cultural and educational purposes;

5) fishing for aquaculture (fish farming);

6) recreational and sport fishing;

7) fishing in order to ensure the conduct of a traditional way of life and the implementation of traditional economic activities of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation.

2. Aquatic biological resources may be used for the implementation of one or several types of fishing provided for by part 1 of this article, unless otherwise established by federal laws.

Article 53.Compensation for harm caused to aquatic biological resources

1. Compensation for harm caused to aquatic biological resources is carried out on a voluntary basis or on the basis of a court decision in accordance with the established rates and methods for calculating the amount of damage caused to aquatic biological resources, and in the absence of them, based on the costs of restoring aquatic biological resources.

2. The amount of damage that is caused to aquatic biological resources and which should be considered large, the procedure for its determination shall be established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

4. Production and growing technologies

Saury is an important commercial species forming commercial aggregations. Fishing is seasonal (putin), it is carried out by drift nets, side traps and food saury traps, at night with the help of light traps. The saury fishery is highly specific, for a number of reasons it differs significantly, for example, from catching cod, pollock, and even more so - salmon. It is very important that they have not yet learned how to grow saury in captivity, i.e. it is a wild fish that naturally forages and grows in the open spaces of the ocean.

Rice. Catching saury at night with the help of light and airborne side traps: 1-edge of the run wing; 2 - fixing the left side lamps; 3 - left side lamps cable; 4 - spot cut; 5 - spire; 6 - white lamps on the starboard side; 7 - annular pick-up; 8 - concentrating lamp; 9 - ring for the halyard; 10 - split ring; 11 - halyard for transportation of the concentrating lamp; 12 - tie rope; 13 - beige edge; 14 - power unit

The on-board trap contains a netting web set on the rebounds, tie ropes and rings, as well as a spacer pole, to which the upper selection is attached. The spacer pole is hollow and also plays the role of buoyancy. To attract saury to the catching area of the trap, the device includes a fishing lighting system, which consists of lamps located along the perimeter of the vessel's side for transferring saury to the area of the trap and a group of concentrating lamps to maintain the concentration of fish in the area of the trap. A group of concentrating lights is located on the shot above the trap's area of effect.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is as follows. The length of the shot on which the group of concentrating lamps is installed, like that of the analog device, is no more than 10-13 m, depending on the size of the vessel. In sea conditions, during rolling, the concentrating lamps located at the tip of the shot make oscillatory movements in the vertical plane, while the amplitude of the oscillations is the greater, the stronger the rolling and the longer the shot. Such oscillatory movements of the luminaires drastically reduce their concentrating capabilities. Moreover, the differences in illumination on the water surface in the trap's zone of action during rolling, often cause a negative reaction of saury to light under certain conditions, which entails the fish leaving the trap's zone of action. In addition, since the spacer pole - buoyancy, depending on the size of the vessel and the trap, is located at a distance of 20-50 m from the side of the vessel, and the length of the shot is limited to 10-13 m (a further increase in the length of the shot complicates its design and operation), the light spot, created by concentrating lights, is not located in the center of the trapped space, but closer to the side of the ship. This leads to the fact that the lamps concentrate fish in the immediate vicinity of the side of the vessel, that is, in the place through which the bottom line passes during the removal of the trap, cutting through the formed school, which results in an incomplete volume of the school. Thus, the aforementioned disadvantages reduce the efficiency of catching saury with airborne traps.

Rice. Catching saury with drift nets:

Drift fishing- this is fishing carried out by drifters - fishing vessels. The vessel drifts with the current and wind along with a very long net, the so-called drifter order, or floating nets, making up a single system. The length of the networks can be up to 50 km. These nets catch moving fish. The need for drifter nets arose in connection with the need to catch some species of fish, which are kept sparsely. Like Saira.

Features of networks. Drifter (or smooth) nets are a netting that the fish does not regard as an obstacle, therefore, it pulls the meshes tightly, tightly entangling in them without the possibility of breaking out. Rectangular separate nets 10-12 m high and 30 meters long are connected to each other in a single drifter order, the basis of which can be a leader rope, and buoys and floats support this system at a given depth. Drifter nets are used for industrial fish catching from drifters.

...

Benefits for humans

The beneficial properties of this fish lie in its rich vitamin and mineral composition (contains omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants, as well as iron, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, fluorine) and have been confirmed by many studies in Russia and abroad. Natural Pacific saury canned food is recommended by nutritionists on a regular basis for a balanced diet.

Description and application

It is worth noting the "correct" calorie content of canned food, they perfectly saturate the body and satisfy the feeling of hunger, while they do not contain carbohydrates, that is, they are safe for the figure. Canned saury is often added to homemade soups and salads, baked in fragrant pies, served as a snack, and also used to make fish cakes. Thanks to proteins of natural origin, canned natural saury is well absorbed and does not cause excess weight.

We offer seafood

We carry out the production of canned fish in the open sea in order to preserve all the beneficial properties of Pacific fish, eliminating the need to freeze raw materials for subsequent transportation.
We supply canned natural Pacific saury wholesale and retail throughout the Russian Federation, where you can buy products under the Dobroflot brand at manufacturer's prices.

Fish, as a food product, has a high nutritional value, and therefore occupies an important place in the human diet. Against the general background of the entire fishing industry, oceanic fish stand out favorably, all the useful properties of which cannot be enumerated. Saury is a notable representative of especially valuable fish species.

Description of appearance

Saira is an oceanic schooling fish that lives in the upper water column, which determines its high importance in the fishery. The body of the saury is elongated, 25 to 40 cm long, gradually thinning towards the tail. The scales covering the body are small, silvery-gray on the sides and dark blue-green on the back. Average weight - 180 g.

Did you know? The scientific name of saury is "Cololabis", translated from Greek means "short lips", which does not fully reflect its large mouth disproportionate to the body.

The head is long, in proportion to the body, with a noticeably protruding lower jaw. The relationship with the family of mackerels has determined the presence of longitudinal caudal fins in the fish - dorsal and anal. In this case, the dorsal fin is slightly shifted to the caudal and is supplemented by five or six small fins. The caudal fin has a pronounced deep notch. The appearance of the Pacific and Atlantic saury is somewhat different and consists in the degree of displacement of the lower jaw - in the Atlantic saury, in comparison with the Pacific saury, the lower jaw is more pronounced.

Composition and nutritional value

The high value of saury is explained by its rich chemical composition and low calorie content, which makes it an irreplaceable source of nutrients, especially when dieting.

Nutritional value of 100 g of product:

high-grade easily digestible - 19.5 g;
saturated and unsaturated fats - 14.1 g;
simple and complex - none.

The calorie content of 100 g of the product is 204.9 kcal.

Important! In comparison with freshwater fish species, saury exceeds the indicators in terms of the content of nutrients.

The chemical composition is presented:

vitamins: (retinol), group, (calciferol), (tocopherol), (nicotinic acid);
microelements: (Fe), (Ni), (F), (Cr), (Mo);
macronutrients: (Ca), (Mg), (Na), (K), (Ph), (S), (Cl).

Eating saury, the body replenishes the main part of the daily supply of vitamins and minerals, and the nutritional value guarantees a high supply of energy for an active day.

Beneficial features

Saury, like any other representative of the aquatic world, is undoubtedly a useful product, the main feature of which is explained by the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and. The body does not produce these fats on its own, so fish is an excellent source of replenishment of these substances. The beneficial properties of saury, due to the high content of substances in the chemical composition, consist in a wide range of actions on all body systems:

unsaturated fats, lowering the level of "bad" cholesterol, cleanse blood vessels, thereby improving the functioning of the cardiovascular system. Possessing antioxidant properties, they prevent early aging and the development of cancer;

Did you know? The intake of unsaturated fats Omega-3 and Omega-6 into the body increases the level of the "element of youth", which is independently produced by the body - the antioxidant coenzyme Q10, which increases life expectancy.

vitamins, stimulating the hematopoietic system, improve blood quality, regulate metabolism, strengthen bone tissue, increase skin elasticity and ensure good hair condition;
the mineral composition prevents the development of anemia, strengthens the immune system and has a general anti-inflammatory effect.

In addition, the high content of the amino acid taurine provides a protective effect on liver cells, promotes the production of bile and, accordingly, the production of insulin, which is especially valuable for people with diabetes.

Canned fish: what are the benefits

Fish is a versatile product in the kitchen. It can be boiled, stewed, fried, smoked, dried, and also used not only as a main course, but also as a filling in snacks or baked goods. Canned saury is a safe bet. No one can argue about the benefits of fresh fish, but what benefit can there be from canned fish? Everyone knows that prolonged heat treatment "kills" all the nutrients in the product, but this property does not apply to canned fish.

Did you know? Mineral elements extracted from fish scales are used in the manufacture of lipsticks.

Of course, heat treatment reduces the concentration of vitamins and minerals in the fish, but in the final residue they are in maximum quantities. When preserved, all vitamins and macronutrients are preserved, and antioxidants reach their maximum during heating and prolonged heat treatment. Therefore, saury, not only natural, but also canned, is of great benefit to the body. Another important advantage of canned fish is the fact that after prolonged heat treatment, all pathogenic microflora and dangerous microorganisms are destroyed during conservation.
And this, first of all, concerns such an infectious disease as botulism. Toxins produced by bacteria pose a deadly threat to human health, but die at high temperatures. It is also worth mentioning that canned fish, having a high nutritional value, is a self-sufficient product, ready to eat without any additional processing.

Important! When buying canned fish, you should pay attention to the presence of the "C20" marking on the tin can - this is an indicator that the product is of poor quality.

Contraindications and harm

The expression of Hippocrates "Everything is good in moderation" is also true in relation to the use of canned fish. In moderate quantities, such a product does not pose a threat to human health, but it is still worth exercising caution. Like any other product of production, violations in compliance with technology are harmful to the human body. This can also include the manufacturer's dishonesty in relation to the timing of production and the suitability of the product.

Also, there are always risks that the raw material (raw fish) was improperly stored, poorly cleaned and processed for production, which significantly affects not only the quality of the product, but also the consequences after its consumption. Often, depending on the manufacturer, low quality vegetable oil is used for the production of saury in oil, which can affect the functioning of an important human organ - the liver.
Canned fish contain a large amount of salt, so they can be harmful in case of malfunctions:

cardiovascular system, especially with arterial hypertension (the so-called "high blood pressure");
diseases of the liver and gallbladder;
gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

Important! The amount of salt in canned fish is 10 times more than in fresh fish, which is 1.5 times the body's daily requirement.

Therefore, people with diagnosed diseases of the heart, liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract are recommended to eat canned fish in small portions in exceptional cases and only after consulting their doctor. A direct contraindication to the use of saury is an individual intolerance to the product.

How to choose a good fish

When choosing canned fish, including saury, you must be guided by the basic selection rules:

a label with a readable composition must be carefully pasted, where in the first place the type of raw material (fish or fish waste) from which the product is made is indicated;
the tin can must be free of flaws and damage with an easily visible, squeezed out in the "inside-out" direction or laser-marked with the date of production (in the format dd / mm / yy) and the product range code (for saury, use: 177 - "smoked in oil" , 186 - "blanched in oil", 308 - "natural", 931 - "natural with added oil");

Important! Be sure to have a marked or embossed letter P on the lid, which is a sure sign that a natural fish product was used as raw material.

when opening the can before use, attention should be paid to the color (the meat should be light, without dark spots) and the smell of canned food. At the slightest suspicion of a poor-quality product, canned fish should not be consumed.

It is unlikely that it will be possible to buy fresh saury in our country, but when buying fresh-frozen saury, it is important to pay attention to the following properties:

there should not be a lot of ice (glaze);
visible natural, without yellowness, carcass color;
smooth, not wrinkled carcass;
the presence of factory markings on the packaging.

Compliance with these conditions when buying will help protect yourself from poisoning and intestinal disorders.

Storage rules

The shelf life of hermetically sealed canned fish is no more than 2 years from the date of production. Store preferably in the refrigerator, observing the temperature regime indicated on the label. If the can with canned fish is opened, then such a product can be stored only in the refrigerator, but no more than 24 hours.

When opening canned fish, it is recommended to remove it into glass dishes, thus preventing chemical oxidative reactions of the metal when it comes into contact with air. The shelf life of fresh fish in the freezer can be up to a year, provided that the temperature is below 0 ºС and is not subject to frequent fluctuations.

Did you know? The higher the fat content of the fish variety, the shorter the shelf life is acceptable. This is due to the fact that the contained fish oil deteriorates in the first place and subsequently gives off bitterness during cooking.

Saury- ocean fish, which has a high value in the food industry. Being a storehouse of vitamins and minerals, its moderate consumption prevents the development of many diseases. Regardless of the method of processing and preparation of saury, the amount of nutrients and the benefits it brings do not diminish. Despite this characteristic, saury can be harmful to people with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, heart, liver and kidneys. Therefore, remember that everything is good, in moderation.

Saury belongs to the group of fish that are preferred by canned food producers. It is appreciated for its good energy values, pleasant taste and the absence of many small bones that cannot be chewed normally.

Canned fish took root on the tables of immigrants from the countries of the former USSR during the time of the Soviet Union. The TOP favorites include not only the legendary sprat in tomato and sprats, but also saury. Tourists still love to take it on hikes, whipping up a hearty soup.

Be sure to find a couple of jars of such deliciousness on the shelf of a hardened bachelor who is used to serving himself on his own.

Young people like such canned food, because it is unlikely that students are able to get hold of good-quality meat raw materials for stews, and with the help of a semi-finished product it will be possible to organize a plentiful and budgetary dinner.

What kind of beast?

Even not all time-tested fans of this ocean dweller know that he belongs to the group of mackerels. They plunder in the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. In total, two genera fell into this family, which differ slightly in external characteristics.

The Atlantic counterpart received an extended jaw, while the Pacific version cannot boast of a similar shape. But in all other respects, there were no significant differences between the inhabitants of the two oceans. Both representatives have a long body, which is covered with easily removable scales. The jaws are specially sharpened to facilitate the capture of prey.

Fish representatives received a silvery belly, and on the sides their scales have a greenish tint. The back remains dark. The only sadness for all gourmets is the fact that the average specimen cannot boast a length of more than 40 cm. This means that the weight of an average individual usually varies within 200 grams.

The fastidious favorite of busy housewives prefers to live in the subtropical and temperate latitudes. This means that the saury do not like the cold, instead they choose the open oceanic space, living at a relatively shallow depth.

The source of its diet is crustacean plankton. To acquire offspring, individuals have to migrate far, overcoming considerable distances. Heat-loving fish prefers to sit out in winter and at the same time breeding time near the coast of eastern or southern Japan.

As soon as the summer heat comes, it shifts closer to Sakhalin or Kamchatka, and then everything repeats itself in a circle.

Spawning occurs according to the usual scheme: eggs are deposited in portions. Expectant children attach themselves to any moving surface, seemingly due to special sticky fibers called threads. It is believed that only those individuals that have survived their third year of existence are suitable for fishing.

If the catch is made in the ocean, then for this, experts use the natural curiosity of such animals. The classic fishing method involves placing nets next to light traps. Interested in bright light beams, fish swim in whole schools in the net.

Despite the fact that many people are used to seeing the mention of saury exclusively in the context of canned products, in specialized stores you can find it fresh-frozen. This processing option is perfect if you want to cook a hearty first course, because such an ear will delight you with good taste and minimal time spent on preparation.

You can also find canned food recipes that tell you how to make the simplest appetizers or salads.

And the frozen analogue works well with any type of heat treatment. Saury is even sent to the pie along with the vegetable filling to make it more piquant.

How to choose the right one?

Some producers often deceive their consumers by releasing less valuable fish under the guise of real saury. And although it may not pose a direct threat to the life and health of the eater, it will be a shame to overpay for a cheaper analogue, and unsweetened jellied baked goods will not be so fragrant.

To avoid the risks of running into a fake or a completely substandard product, it is important to adhere to just a few simple points of the instruction:

carefully check the condition of the can, leaving aside a swollen or damaged container;
study the date of manufacture, postponing the option with "just about" a suitable expiration date;
read the numbers on the tin lid.

But if people usually do not lose their vigilance with the first two points, then problems often arise with the last. Even longtime fans of this canned food do not always know what the punched numbers indicate on the top of the package.

There are two main markings in total for mentioning:

186 - oil-based blanching;
308 is a natural product.

If the consumer trusted the designation on the bank, but upon opening it turned out that the set code does not correspond to the content, then this indicates a fake. And today, craftsmen have gotten used to counterfeiting even the products of well-known brands, releasing a fake under a world-famous label.

After the jar is opened, you should visually assess the level of its fullness. If golden light pieces are neatly laid inside that have not fallen apart or peeled off, then this is a good sign. Usually honest manufacturers do not skimp on laying the capacity of at least 70%.

If inside there was an incomprehensible mess, more like minced fish for cutlets, then this indicates either a fake or that the product has already deteriorated.

The energy value

One hundred grams of peeled fillets provides for a content of 14 grams and 19 grams. A distinctive feature of saury is its absence, which makes the fish a favorite among those who are used to adhering to dietary rules.

If you cook such a peeled carcass in the oven with as a side dish, you will get a delicious and healthy meal.

Also, for the benefits confirmed during numerous scientific studies, one should thank the rich composition with components of natural origin. Written here, and. Also deliciousness will delight the presence of minerals, among which most of all:,.

The last point implies the content and, which are difficult to find in other food products in sufficient quantities. Such elements have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the brain activity and the state of the blood vessels of a person.

If you know how to cook an almost delicacy correctly, while preserving most of the nutritional value, then you can easily replenish the body with missing fatty acids. Since the body is not able to independently generate these components, they have to be obtained from the incoming food.

Another interesting fact about fish Omega-6 Omega-9 is that their melting point is only 30 degrees.

This means that when released into the bloodstream, they turn into natural brushes. By clearing away cholesterol plaques from the walls of blood vessels, they act as an excellent natural prophylactic agent for combating diseases of the cardiovascular system.

First, the main ingredients are sent to be twisted into a meat grinder. And only then garlic is added there, which previously passed through the press. After that, the mass is mixed.

To make it easier to spread on, add liquid from canned food to the mixture. But here it is important not to overdo it, since due to the dryness of the cottage cheese, there is no exact norm. The consistency is brought to mind at its own discretion.

If you don't want to add garlic, then you can, at your own discretion, replace it with other spices, choosing the optimal proportions yourself.

Benefits for humans

Description and application

We offer seafood

We carry out the production of canned fish on the high seas in order to preserve all the beneficial properties of Pacific fish, eliminating the need to freeze raw materials for subsequent transportation.
We supply canned natural Pacific saury wholesale and retail throughout the Russian Federation, where you can buy products under the Dobroflot brand at manufacturer's prices.

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