Download a presentation on the Komsomol reserve. Presentation "Reserves of the Khabarovsk Territory" presentation for the lesson on the world around (grade 4) on the topic. white goose, guillemot, guillemot

SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL TERRITORIES OF RUSSIA AND THE KHAAROVSKY KRAI

The work was performed by: Sergeeva Veronika and

Herod Ksenia, students of grade 9 B

Head: Vlasova Irina Anatolyevna

Purpose of work: to create an idea of the types of protected areas in Russia and get acquainted with the main reserves of the Russian Federation and the Khabarovsk Territory; compile a data bank on reserves to prepare for the OGE in geography.

The main objectives of the study:

1. Study the history of nature reserve management in Russia and establish the main categories of protected areas.
2. Consider the features of the protected system of the Far East and Khabarovsk Territory, give a description of the reserves of the region, especially the Komsomolsky Reserve.
3. Conduct a sociological study to determine the degree of knowledge of school students about nature reserves in Russia.
4. Conduct a cartographic study for the distribution of Russia's reserves by economic regions.
5. Compile a database of the characteristics of the reserves to complete the task No. 6 of the OGE on geography.
6. Draw conclusions and make recommendations based on the results of work and research.

HISTORY OF THE NATURE Commandment in Russia and in Tsarist Russia

The word "reserve" has been known in Russia since time immemorial (even in "Russian Truth" (XI century).
Monastic lands . Some modern reserves have emerged on the site of the former monastery forests.
Royal hunting grounds . One of the most ancient and famous hunting grounds is Belovezhskaya Pushcha.
Ship forests. The first state decree of Peter the Great was a decree that ordered to conduct an inventory of forests suitable for shipbuilding. Unauthorized felling was punishable by a monetary fine or hard labor.
In accordance with the resolution of the Council of Ministers of Russia

"On the establishment of rules on hunting reserves" in 1917, the first in Russia Barguzinsky reserve and the Kedrovaya Pad reserve in the Far East were created.

BARGUZIN RESERVE

The first official state reserve in Russia is a nature reserve in northeastern Transbaikalia.
Established by a decree of the Irkutsk Governor-General

HISTORY OF THE NATURE Reserves in Soviet times

In 1919, the first Soviet reserve was established - Astrakhan .
Then, until 1924, another 5 nature reserves in various regions of Russia : "Ilmensky" in the Urals, " Krasnoyarsk pillars " , "Forest on Vorksle", "Crimean" and "Caucasian ».
In 1921 was signed decree "On the protection of natural monuments, gardens and parks."
In the 70-80s. nature reserves in the country began to develop again. One after another, new reserves were created - in the Arctic, Siberia, the Far East - Wrangel Island (1976), Taimyr (1979), Ust-Lensky (1985), Putoransky (1988).
The first marine reserve in Russia was opened - Far Eastern Marine (1987).

Astrakhan reserve

Astrakhan State Natural Reserve - Reserve in the Volga River Delta
Established April 11, 1919

Far Eastern Marine Reserve

Located in the Far East in the Sea of Japan, in the Gulf of Peter the Great

Arctic fox, polar bear live,

wolverine, walrus, seal, bearded seal,

white goose, guillemot, guillemot,

bering cormorant,

white wagtail, etc.

Acclimatized

homemade

reindeer

and musk ox.

Wrangel Island is a maternity hospital for polar bears.
There are up to 250 dens on the island.

Great Arctic reserve

It was formed on May 11, 1993. The main territory of the reserve belongs to the subzone of the Arctic tundra, and the most northern areas - to the zone of arctic deserts.

HISTORY OF THE NATURE The commandment in our time

A new, very powerful wave of the creation of reserves was observed in the late 90s of the 20th century. So, in just 5 years, from 1993 to 1997, 20 new reserves were created.

Specially Protected Natural Areas (SPNA) According to the federal law of March 14, 1995 No.

The PA system today includes

105 state reserves(area 33.8 million hectares),
40 national parks(7.74 million hectares),
69 federal customers(12.54 million hectares),
28 natural monuments(34.3 thousand hectares),
about 12 thousand regional reserves, natural monuments and natural parks(469 natural monuments are World Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites);
56 botanical gardens
24 dendrological parks under the jurisdiction of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS FAR EAST AND KHABAROVSK REGION

25 nature reserves, 3 national parks, 13 natural parks, about 140 reserves, about 765 natural monuments, 8 botanical gardens and arboretums, 20 health-improving places.
In terms of the number of protected areas, the subjects of the Far East differ significantly - from 28 in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug to 280 in the Khabarovsk Territory(Primorsky Territory - 236; Yakutia - 232; Amur Region - 190; Kamchatka Territory - 153; Sakhalin Region - 76; Magadan Region - 42; Jewish Autonomous Region - 38)

Protected areas of federal significance:

State nature reserves - 6 objects

National Park - 1 item

state nature reserves - 5 objects

Protected areas of marginal value:

sanctuaries - 21 an object
natural monuments -
69 objects
natural parks -
2 object

Bolshekhekhtsirsky reserve

The territory of the reserve occupies most of the Bolshoi Khekhtsir ridge and is enclosed between the valley of the river. Ussuri and the Khabarovsk-Vladivostok railway. All rivers of the reserve belong to the Ussuri and Amur basins. The largest river, the Chirka, is 82 km long and flows extremely strongly winding along the foot of the Khekhtsir from east to west.

Botchinsky reserve

The reserve is located in the northeastern part of the Sikhote-Alin ridge, in the basin of the river. Botch. The reserve was created to protect the northernmost group of Amur tigers, spawning grounds for valuable salmon fish and forest ecosystems of northern Primorye in all their diversity. (Lady's slippers are large-flowered and spotted, Chinese magnolia vine, pointed yew; from birds - black stork, black crane, fish owl, etc.)

Bureinsky reserve

The reserve is located at the source of the river. Bureya (Right and Left Bureya), in the system of the Aesop and Dusse-Alin mountain ranges, Khingano-Bureinsky highlands, in the Verkhnebureinsky region of the Khabarovsk Territory. The reserve was created to protect practically undisturbed typical mountain-taiga ecosystems in the south of the Far East and their flora and fauna.

Dzhugdzhur reserve

BOLONIA RESERVE

was established on November 18, 1997. It is located in the lowest part of the Middle Amur Lowland - Lake Bolon. The reserve is located in the Amur and Nanai districts of the Khabarovsk Territory.
The reserve was created primarily with the aim of protecting the wetlands of the Amur region - nesting sites and migratory accumulations of many species of birds.

Komsomolsky reserve

The Komsomolsky Nature Reserve is located in the basin of the Gorin River, a large left tributary of the Amur River, in the Khabarovsk Territory. The fauna in the Komsomolsk reserve is rich, sable, brown bear, elk, reindeer, musk deer, wild boar are characteristic. Rare species include the Far Eastern forest cat, Himalayan bear, harza, badger, fish owl, black grouse, blue magpie. Dikusha, tangerine, black stork, Steller's sea eagle are included in the Red Book of Russia. On the Gorin River there are spawning grounds for autumn chum salmon and pink salmon.

Research 1. Sociological survey "What do I know about PAs in Russia and the region"

What year was 2017 announced? (year of ecology)
What types of specially protected areas do you know? (State nature reserves, including biosphere; National parks; Natural parks; Reserves; Natural monuments; Dendrological parks and botanical gardens; Healing and recreational areas and resorts)
How many reserves do you think there are in Russia? (101 nature reserves)
What reserves in the Khabarovsk Territory do you know? (Bolshekhekhtsirsky, Bureinsky, Dzhugdzhursky, Botchinsky, Bolognsky, Komsomolsky reserves)
Why are protected areas created? (nature conservation, scientific, ecological and educational value as samples of the natural environment, typical or rare landscapes, places of conservation of the genetic fund of flora and fauna)

Research 1. Sociological survey "What do I know about PAs in Russia and the region" CONCLUSION

61 people (students of the 9th grade) took part in the study, of which only 9 people (less than 15%) know that 2017 is the Year of Ecology and Wildlife Management in Russia
of the whole variety of protected areas, students, except for nature reserves, know only such a view as a national park, 7 people wrote about this (11%)
in the Russian Federation today there are 101 nature reserves and also very many did not even know about it.
As for the reserves of the region, few people remembered such reserves as Komsomolsky (mostly), Botchinsky, Bolshekhekhtsirsky (only 2 people). 90% of students did not name a single reserve in the Khabarovsk Territory.
Among the main values of protected areas, they mainly indicated: conservation of species (30%), protection of rare species of plants and animals (19%), and for tourism (2%).

Study 2. Distribution of reserves by economic regions (analysis of atlas maps)

As the second stage of the study, we decided to make a sample of reserves on the territory of Russia, namely, their distribution over the territory of economic regions.

The largest number of reserves on the territory of the Russian Federation is located in the Far Eastern regions (Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories) - 25 reserves and Siberian districts (Krasnoyarsk Territory) - 22 reserves.

Research 3. Creation of a bank of tasks (task number 6, OGE in geography)

As a source, we took a selection of questions for assignment number 6 of the OGE in geography from the site "I will solve the OGE" of FIPI, answered these assignments and questions and formed the result in the following table, which we recommend to use in the classes to prepare for the exam in geography, as well as in geography lessons

SAMPLE TABLE

Exercise

Answer and explanation

A group of tourists from Finland wants to see with their own eyes the unusual nature of the Russian steppes. Which of the following reserves should they visit for this?

Kurilskiy 2) "Wrangel Island"
3) Orenburg 4) Kostomuksha

A group of schoolchildren from Orenburg wants to see with their own eyes the unusual nature of the tundra for them. Which of the following reserves should they visit for this?

1) Gydansky 2) Oksky

3) South Ural 4) Mordovian

The Orenburg region is located in the south of the Urals. A significant area of the region is represented by steppe landscapes.

Commander Islands in the Pacific Ocean - The fauna of marine mammals is most clearly represented on the islands

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION and remember:

LOVE AND CARE NATURE !!!

Slide 3

The sky above Amur is blue. The whisper of groves and the hubbub of flocks of birds ... How not to admire you, native land, Far Eastern land!

Slide 4

My beloved land - with foggy distances, With noisy taiga, with marsh duckweeds ... No matter how many different lands we have seen - You are not better, prettier and more affectionate.

Slide 5

The sun of the Far East I wear in my blood, From birth, from the source I breathe the local air. And, although not against wanderings, But I can be myself Only in the middle of this space, Only on this shore.

Slide 6

Khabarovsk Krai is located in the eastern part of the Russian Federation, in the Far Eastern Federal District. In the north it borders on the Magadan Region and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), in the west with the Jewish Autonomous Region, the Amur Region, as well as China, in the south with the Primorsky Territory, in the north-east and east it is washed by the Sea of Okhotsk, in the south-east - by the Sea of Japan ... Sakhalin is separated from the island by the straits Tatarsky and Nevelskoy. In addition to the main, continental part, the region includes several islands, among them the largest are Shantar. The total length of the coastline is about 2,500 km, including the islands - 3,390 km. The main mountain ranges are Sikhote-Alin, Suntar-Khayata, Dzhugdzhur, Bureinsky, Dusse-Alin, Yam-Alin. The highest point is Mount Beryl (2933 m), the lowest is sea level. The territory of the region stretches from south to north for 1,800 km, from west to east - for 125-750 km. The total area of the region is 788,600 km², which is 4.5% of the entire territory of the country.

Slide 7

The flag of the Khabarovsk Territory is a rectangular panel divided by a pitchfork into three parts (field N 1, N 2, N 3). The inside angle of an isosceles triangle (field N 1) is 90 degrees. Field N 1 is green, field N 2 is white, and field N 3 is blue.

Slide 8

The coat of arms of the Khabarovsk Territory is made on a French heraldic shield. In the center of the shield, silver (white), in a place of honor, there is a powerful natural figure of a white-breasted bear sitting on its hind legs, which with its front paws carefully holds (presses to the chest) the historical coat of arms of Khabarovsk - the administrative center of the Khabarovsk Territory. The head of a bear with an open mouth, scarlet eyes and tongue is turned towards the rise of "the most radiant sun", towards the East (in a mirror image). Full coat of arms of the Khabarovsk Territory (approved on July 28, 1994). In the center of the shield is a white-breasted bear sitting on its hind legs, holding the coat of arms of Khabarovsk with its front legs. The full (large, ceremonial) coat of arms is crowned with a crown, on the sides of the shield are depicted in gold oak branches with acorns intertwined with an Andreev (azure) ribbon.

Slide 9

The natural world of the Khabarovsk Territory cannot be compared with any other region of our state in terms of the diversity of animals and plants. This is due to the fact that the northern border of the region is only 430 km from the Arctic Circle, and the southern part is in contact with Primorye - the country of the most ancient relict species and representatives of the southern flora and fauna. Most of the Khabarovsk Territory is a country of mountain ranges, individual peaks of which exceed a height of two kilometers, a country of fast and clean rivers, among which the stately, calm and wide Amur stands out.

Slide 10

Khabarovsk Territory is a land of taiga. The light coniferous taiga, where Daurian larch predominates, occupies more than half of the territory in area - it covers the mountain slopes from the very north to the Badzhal ridge in the south. In the light taiga and woodlands, elk, reindeer, brown bear, wolverine, sable and squirrel are common, in some places there are lynx, musk deer and bighorn sheep, roe deer live in the lowlands, closer to the seashore there are columns. In numerous lakes (and there are more than 55,000 of them!) You can often see a muskrat, and in summer, teal ducks. Among the birds that live constantly, you can find stone grouse, hazel grouse and ptarmigan.

Slide 11

In the south of the region - along the left and right tributaries of the Amur - there is another taiga: spruce-fir, stretching from the right bank of the lower course of the Great River to the shores of the Sea of Japan, and coniferous-broad-leaved - in the basin of the Urmmi River - north-west of Khabarovsk - and along slopes of Sikhote-Alin to the east. Here live: Himalayan bear, wild boar, kharza marten, wild forest cat and Amur tiger, nest: paradise flycatcher, blue magpie, pheasant, Siberian grouse and mandarin duck.

Slide 12

The Amur River cannot be compared with any other Russian river in terms of the species diversity of freshwater fish. There is simply nowhere else such fish wealth! Carp, bream, silver carp, yellow cheeks, catfish, burbot, rudd, spotted horse and grub horse, white and black carp - all kinds are innumerable! A special "fat" pike is found only in the Amur and its tributaries. Only here there is a beautiful and Red Book fish auh, or Chinese perch. The largest freshwater fish in our country lives in the Amur - Kaluga, a giant fish that once reached a weight of much more than a ton!

Slide 13

In summer, in the Sea of Okhotsk, large beluga dolphins and small (only 9 m long) whales - minke whales come close to the coast. And in the area of the Shantar Islands, from the coast, you can see the fountains of giants - hundred and fifty-ton smooth whales.

Slide 14

The Shantar Islands are one of the harshest places in the east of Russia. Only for 2-3 months the coast of the islands is completely cleared of ice. But these rugged shores are amazingly beautiful! Here, gulls, cormorants, spectacled guillemots, Ipatoks and hatchets nest in bird colonies. Pacific eagles nest on the tops of the kekurs. And in the depths of the islands there are many "continental" birds - tits, woodpeckers, nuthatches, hazel grouses, kites and even nutcrackers.

Slide 15

The islands have significant areas of light-coniferous and dark-coniferous taiga, where sable, ermine, flying squirrel and brown bear live. Few people know that Shantara is also the land of waterfalls. There are over 100 of them! The largest of them falls from a height of exactly one hundred meters and still has no name!

Slide 16

On the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory there are the Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve, Botchinsky Reserve, Bureinsky Reserve, Dzhugdzhur Reserve, as well as the Komsomolsky Reserve.

Slide 17

Bolshekhekhtsirsky reserve

Slide 18

Slide 19

Botchinsky reserve

Slide 20

Slide 21

Bureinsky reserve

Slide 22

Slide 23

Dzhugdzhur reserve

The Dzhugdzhur Reserve is located in the Khabarovsk Territory, in the mountains on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. In the Dzhugdzhur reserve, 480 species of plants are registered, 18 species are rare, two species are protected. The fauna is rich. Common mammals include elk, brown bear, sable, fox, wolf, and wild reindeer; there are bighorn sheep, musk deer, black-capped marmot. The coastal waters are inhabited by seals - the bearded seal (bearded seal), seal, striped seal (lionfish). Of the 166 birds living in the reserve, 126 nest on the territory of the Dzhugzhur reserve, eleven are protected: osprey, peregrine falcon, golden eagle, white-shouldered and white-tailed eagles, fish owl, gyrfalcon, Siberian grouse, long-billed pyzhik, mountain snipe. Among fish there are taimen, grayling, lenok, whitefish, chum salmon, pink salmon, char, coho salmon.

"Territory of Russia" - Sakhalin island. The highest active volcano in Russia. Baltic. East Siberian. The longest river, flowing only through the territory of Russia. The largest island in Russia. Yenisei. The longest mountain range in Russia. The highest mountains in Russia. Baikal. The easternmost large city in Russia.

"Lesson Great Britain" - What is the kilt? 5. British Calendar (put the holidays in the right order). What is the official name of Great Britain? Monument. 2. What is the name of the present British Queen? The national flag of the UK. Name the symbol of each country? Oxford Street. Downing Street. 6. Where is the Speaker "s Corner?

"Povolzhsky economic region" - Natural resources. Volga region. Fill in the table by working with text. The population is about 17 million people. The core of the Volga region economy. Targets and goals. Mechanical engineering. Natural areas. The all-Russian significance of the agro-industrial complex. The main wealth of the Volga region. Population. Natural resources are diverse.

"Population in the United States" - A farm in the United States. Aboriginal inhabitants (about 1% of the country's population) are Indians, Aleuts and Eskimos. Final work on the contour map. Alaska Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean Land borders with Canada and Mexico. State flag of the united states. Benefits of us egp. The United States is a typical country of metropolitan areas. The United States is in the third stage of its demographic transition.

Geography of Canada - Mount Robson National Park. Nature of Canada. Largest cities. Victoria Island. Canada. Geography of Canada. Toronto Ottawa Montreal.

Northern Europe Region - Did Vikings discover Iceland or Ireland? Historians call the 9th-11th centuries the heyday of the Viking Age. Almost all over Europe, people lived in poverty and ignorance. Summarizing. Does the Northern Europe Region include five and six countries? There were many robbers on the roads, neighbors often fought with each other. What is the historical feature of the inhabitants of Northern Europe.

Description of the presentation for individual slides:

1 slide

Slide Description:

Natural Reserve "Komsomolsky" Completed by: E.V. Bibartsev, student of the 6th grade, secondary school № 62 Checked by: N.V. Terentyeva, teacher of geography

2 slide

Slide Description:

The Komsomolsk Reserve was organized by the decree of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR dated October 3, 1963, No. 4297 and owes its name to the proximity of the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, a large industrial center of the Far East. The reserve occupies the mouth of the Gorin river basin-left tributary of the Amur River. In general, the outline of the territory of the reserve has the shape of a quadrangle, approximately 20 km from north to south and 30 km from west to east. In the south, the territory of the reserve includes a 100-meter strip of the Amur River.

3 slide

Slide Description:

The protected area, with a total area of 64 thousand hectares, includes mountain ranges and riverine lowlands, and the mountainous part of the reserve is much larger than the plain in area. The unique appearance of the natural complexes of the Komsomolsky Reserve is given by the mighty rivers. Gorin, before the possession in the Amur, for about 20 km flows parallel to the riverbed of the latter, separated from it by only a small strip of land, in some places not more than several hundred meters wide. In 1935, at its narrowest point, a canal of approximately 200 meters in length, called Prokop, was dug by hand. The low-river part of the reserve is characterized by oxbow lakes and numerous islands covered with lush meadow vegetation.

4 slide

Slide Description:

80% of the area of the reserve is occupied by forests. In total, 680 species of higher plants were found in the reserve, of which 8 plant species are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation: Pointed yew, Japanese beard, smooth iris, real slipper, tall paunch, thin coleanthus. the sheath is small, the peony is obovate.

5 slide

Slide Description:

Root of life, man-root Scientific name - panax comes from the Greek word for panacea, which means a remedy for all diseases. Ginseng Ivan - tea That is not a fire - That is the flame of Ivan - tea Burns there with chamomile in half. A. Newcomer Lilia.

6 slide

Slide Description:

The fauna of the reserve is diverse. More than 200 bird species have been identified. 16 of them are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation: white-tailed eagle, Steller's sea eagle, osprey, golden eagle, fish owl, Far Eastern white stork, black crane, Siberian grouse, mandarin duck. 47 species of mammals have been recorded. Among the predators are common: brown bear, Himalayan bear, Siberian weasel, sable, fox, raccoon dog, lynx, otter, mink; rare and descending species - wolverine, tiger. A detachment of artiodactyls is represented by: elk, roe deer, musk deer, red deer and wild boar.