How often we do not know the correct spelling or placement of commas. Not an exception and the expression "as usual", commas are needed, or maybe not needed, let's figure it out.

To be or not to be a comma

In the case of this expression, the context in which we use this expression is very important. This can be a comparative or introductory turn, in which case we highlight the expression with commas on both sides.

I, as usual, could not contact the support service;
as usual, I struggled with the quality check on the Vovet website for an incredibly long time and still did not achieve a result, the program swears at non-existent excessive selection;
as usual, this answer will not fall into "my rewards" and "activity".

If this expression part of the predicate, then in this case no commas are needed.

I was hungry as usual;
Everything went as usual, without a hitch.

From the above examples and rules, it follows that it is necessary to understand the meaning of the phrase and then it will become clear whether or not to highlight this expression with commas.

More articles about the rules of the Russian language, how to write correctly and why, be sure to check out:

1. Introductory words and phrases are not part of the offer. With their help, the speaker expresses his attitude to the content of the statement (confidence or uncertainty, emotional reaction, etc.):

Example: Unfortunately, he did not have watercolors.(Soloukhin).

Introductory sentences can also perform the same function.

For example: I dare say I was loved in the house(Turgenev) - definitely personal in structure one-part sentence; In life, you know, there is always a place for exploits(M. Gorky) - in structure, a two-part sentence; We, if you want to know we came to demand(Gorbatov) - in structure, a conditional one-part clause.

In writing, introductory words, phrases and sentences usually separated by commas.

Digits of introductory words by value

Meaning Introductory Components Examples
1. Evaluation of the reported in terms of reliability, etc.:
1.1. Confidence, credibility Of course, of course, undoubtedly, undoubtedly, without a doubt, certainly, really, in fact, really, naturally, naturally, naturally and etc. Undoubtedly, someone is sucking the life out of this strange girl who cries when others in her place laugh (Korolenko).
The heroine of this novel needless to say, was Masha (L. Tolstoy).
Indeed, since my mother died ... I was very rarely seen at home (Turgenev).
1.2. uncertainty, speculation, vagueness, assumption Probably, it seems, apparently, probably, in all probability, right , in some way, in some way, suppose, suppose, suppose, if you like, anyway and etc. She probably still drinks coffee and cookies in the morning.(Fadeev).
Life, it seems, has not yet begun(Paustovsky).
Gift bread, apparently, to your taste(Mezherov).
And he dreamed, perhaps, of approaching by another way, of knocking at the window as a welcome guest, dear(Twardowski).
My head hurt a bit. Must be bad weather(Chekhov).
2. Different feelings:
2.1. Joy, approval Fortunately, for happiness, for joy, for joy, for the pleasure of someone, what is good, what is even better and etc. Fortunately, Alekhine left the house an hour earlier and managed to catch the steamer sailing to Frankfurt(Kotov).
Here, to the indescribable admiration of Petya, on the old kitchen table, a whole locksmith's workshop is arranged(Kataev).
2.2. regret, disapproval Unfortunately, unfortunately, unfortunately, to the shame of someone, to regret, to annoyance, to misfortune, as to misfortune, as if on purpose, a sinful deed, which is even worse, which is insulting, alas and etc. Unfortunately, I must add that in the same year Paul died(Turgenev).
2.3. Surprise, bewilderment Surprisingly, surprisingly, surprisingly, surprisingly, strangely, strangely, incomprehensibly and etc. Naydenov, to Nagulny's amazement, in one second brushed off his leather jacket, sat down at the table(Sholokhov).
2.4. Fear Irregular hour, what good, God forbid, just look and etc. Just look, the oar will vomit and throw itself into the sea(Novikov-Priboy).
2.5. The general expressive nature of the utterance In conscience, in fairness, in fact, in essence, to the soul, in truth, truth, in truth, it is necessary to tell the truth, if the truth is told, it is ridiculous to tell, to tell in honor, speaking between us, there is nothing to say in vain, I confess, except jokes, actually and etc. Followed him, however, some weakness(Turgenev).
I confess, I do not like this tree - aspen too much ...(Turgenev).
Nothing offends me so much, I dare say, offends me so much, as ingratitude.(Turgenev).
3. Message source According to someone's report, according to someone's opinion, in my opinion, in your opinion, according to someone's words, according to someone's expression, according to rumors, according to a proverb, according to legend, from someone's point of view, I remember, hear, they say, say, they say, how they hear, how I think, how I think, how I remember, how they say, how they think, as it is known, as it was indicated, as it turned out, as they used to say in the old days, in my opinion and etc. Pesotsky, they say, has apples as big as his head, and Pesotsky, they say, has made a fortune with his garden(Chekhov).
The calculation, in my opinion, was mathematically accurate(Paustovsky).
Twenty years ago, Linen Lake was such a wilderness that, according to foresters, not every bird dared to fly there(Paustovsky).
4. The order of thoughts and their connection Firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally, so, therefore, therefore, thus, on the contrary, vice versa, for example, for example, in particular, in addition, besides, to top it all, in addition, moreover, on the one hand, on the other hand, by the way, by the way, in general, in addition, therefore, the main thing, by the way, by the way, by the way and etc. On the one hand, the darkness was saving: it hid us(Paustovsky).
The forest air is healing, it lengthens life, it enhances our vitality and, finally, it turns the mechanical and sometimes difficult process of breathing into pleasure(Paustovsky).
So, the next day I stood in this room outside the doors and listened to how my fate was decided.(Dostoevsky).
5. Evaluation of the style of utterance, manner of speech, ways of formulating thoughts In a word, in a word, in other words, in other words, directly speaking, roughly speaking, in fact, in fact, in short, in short, rather, it is better to say, to say directly, easier to say, so to speak, how to say, so to speak, what is called and etc. In a word, Storeshnikov every day more and more firmly thought to marry(Chernyshevsky).
In short, this is not a master in science, but a worker(Chekhov).
We got up and went to push to the well, or rather, to the fountain.(Garshin).
6. Evaluation of the measure, the degree of what is being said; the degree of generality of the stated facts at least, at least, to some extent, to a large extent, as usual, as usual, happens, happens, as usual, as always, as it happens, as it happens, as it happens sometimes and etc. Talked to me at least like an army commander(Simonov).
Behind the counter, as usual, almost the entire width of the opening stood Nikolai Ivanovich ...(Turgenev)
It happens that my luck is happier(Griboyedov).
7. Attracting the interlocutor's attention to the message, emphasizing, underlining Do you see (whether), know (whether), remember (whether), understand (whether), believe (whether), listen, allow, imagine, imagine, you can imagine, believe, imagine, confess, believe, believe, do not believe, agree, notice, do me a favor, if you want to know, I remind, we remind, I repeat, I emphasize what is important, what is even more important, what is essential, what is even more significant and etc. You were scared, admit it, when my fellows threw a rope around your neck?(Pushkin).
Imagine our young ones are already bored(Turgenev).
We, if you want to know we came to demand(Gorbatov).
Where was it, please?(Pavlenko).

2. In terms of their grammatical correlation, introductory words and constructions can go back to various parts speech and various grammatical forms:

    nouns in various cases with prepositions and without prepositions;

    No doubt, happily, fortunately and etc.

    adjectives in short form, in various cases, in a superlative degree;

    Right, to blame, the main thing, in general, the most important thing, the least.

    pronouns in indirect cases with prepositions;

    Besides, besides, meanwhile.

    adverbs in positive or comparative degree;

    Undoubtedly, of course, probably shorter, rather.

    verbs in various forms indicative or imperative mood;

    I think, do you believe, it seemed, they say, imagine, have mercy.

    infinitive or combination with infinitive;

    See, know, admit, it's funny to say.

    combinations with adverbs;

    To tell the truth, in short, to put it bluntly.

    two-part sentences with a subject - a personal pronoun and a predicate - a verb with the meaning of will, speaking, thought, etc.;

    For as long as I can remember, I often think.

  • impersonal offers;

    She thought we all remember well.

  • indefinitely personal proposals.

    So they thought of him, as they usually spoke of him.

That is why it is necessary to distinguish between introductory words and homonymous forms and constructions.

Note!

Depending on the context, the same words sometimes act as introductory (hence, not members of the sentence), then as members of the sentence. In order not to be mistaken, you should remember that:

A) a question can be put to a member of the proposal;

b) the introductory word is not a member of the sentence and has one of the meanings listed above;

V) introductory words can usually (but not always) be removed from the sentence.

Compare the following sentences in pairs:

This is true(Dostoevsky). - True, sometimes ... it's not too fun to wander along country roads (Turgenev).

During the summer, he can become attached to this weak, talkative creature, get carried away, fall in love (Chekhov). - You might think that I'm asking you for money!(Dostoevsky).

Listen, we right went? Do you remember the place? (Kassil). - Donkey shouts: we, right, will get along, if we sit next to each other(Krylov).

In a number of cases, the criterion for distinguishing between introductory words and members of a sentence is the possibility of adding a word saying.

By the way, he never came.("By the way"); You really shouldn't have come.("as a matter of fact"); In short, the book is useful.("in short"); I really don't want to go back to what I said.("in truth").

When determining the syntactic function and punctuation, in some cases it is necessary to take into account several conditions.

1) The word probably is introductory in the sense of "probably, apparently":

The sisters are probably already asleep(Korolenko).

The word probably is a member of the sentence in the sense of "undoubtedly, exactly":

If I know(How?) Maybe that I must die, then I will tell you everything, everything!(Turgenev).

2) The word is finally introductory:

    if it indicates a connection of thoughts, the order of their presentation (in the meaning of “and more”) completes the enumeration:

    Opekushin was a native of the common people, at first self-taught, then a recognized artist and, finally, an academician(Teleshov).

    Often the word is finally preceded by homogeneous members of the word Firstly Secondly or on the one hand on the other hand, in relation to which the word is finally the closing enumeration;

    if it gives an assessment of a fact from the point of view of the speaker's face or is used to express impatience, to strengthen, emphasize something:

    Yes, go away, finally!(Chekhov).

Note!

The word finally is not introductory and performs the function of a circumstance in the meaning of “at the end”, “finally”, “after everything”, “as a result of everything”.

Gave three balls annually and squandered finally (Pushkin).

In this meaning, the particle -to can usually be added to the word (with an introductory word, such an addition is impossible).

Wed: Finally got to the station (Finally got to the station). - You can finally turn to your father for advice(adding a particle -That impossible).

3) The distinction between the combination in the end as an introductory and as a member of the sentence - circumstances are similar in terms to the word finally.

Wed: After all, in the end, we have not yet decided anything definitively! (in the end denotes not time, but the conclusion reached by the speaker as a result of a series of reasoning). - In the end agreement has been reached(the meaning of the circumstance "as a result of everything").

4) A word, however, is introductory if it is in the middle or at the end of a simple sentence:

Heat and fatigue took, however, their(Turgenev); How clever I am, however(Chekhov).

At the beginning of a sentence (parts complex sentence) or as a means of communication homogeneous members the word however has the meaning of an adversative conjunction (it can be replaced by the union but), so the comma is placed only before this word:

However, it is desirable to know - by what witchcraft did the peasant take such power over the whole district?(Nekrasov).

Note. In rare cases, however, the word is separated by a comma at the beginning of the sentence, approaching in meaning an interjection (expresses surprise, bewilderment, indignation), for example: However, what a wind!(Chekhov).

5) The word of course is usually set off with commas as a lead:

Fedor still worked in the rear, heard, of course, and read many times about " folk heroes» (Furmanov).

But sometimes the word of course, pronounced in a tone of confidence, conviction, takes on the meaning of an affirmative particle and is not punctuated:

Of course it's true!; Of course it is.

6) The word is indeed introductory in the sense of "yes, that's right, exactly" (usually it takes a position at the beginning of a sentence):

Indeed, from the battery, a view of almost the entire location of Russian troops(L. Tolstoy).

As an adverb really has the meaning "in fact, truly, in reality" (usually it comes between the subject and the predicate):

I really is as you say(Dostoevsky).

7) A word in general is introductory if it is used in the sense of "generally speaking":

In general, one could agree with this statement, but it is necessary to check some data; Actually, I would like to know what really happened.

In other cases, the word is generally used as an adverb in different meanings:

  • in the sense of "in general", "as a whole":

    Pushkin is to Russian art what Lomonosov is to Russian education. at all (Goncharov);

  • in the meaning of "always", "absolutely", "under all conditions":

    He kindle fires at all forbade it was dangerous(Kazakevich);

  • in the meaning of "in all respects", "in relation to everything":

    He at all looked weird(Turgenev).

    This provision also applies to the form in general.

    Wed: Sadness, in general, nothing(introductory word, can be replaced - generally speaking). - These are the terms generally uncomplicated process(meaning "in the end"); I made a few remarks about various little things, but All in all very much praised(Garshin) (meaning "as a result").

8) Combination anyway is introductory if it has a restrictive-evaluative value:

Anyway, his last name was not Akundin, he came from abroad and spoke for a reason (A.N. Tolstoy); This information anyway in short term , it will be difficult to check (the entire turnover is highlighted).

In the meaning of "under any circumstances" this combination is not introductory:

You anyway will be informed of the progress of the case; I was firmly convinced that anyway I'll meet him today at my mother's(Dostoevsky).

9) The combination, in turn, is not highlighted as busy if it is used in a meaning close to direct, or in the meaning of “in response”, “on its part”:

He in its turn asked me(i.e. when it was his turn); The workers thanked their bosses for their help and asked to visit them more often; in turn, representatives of the patronage organization invited the workers to a meeting of the theatre's artistic council.

In a figurative sense, the combination, in turn, acquires the meaning of introductory and punctuation stands out:

Among the newspaper genres, the genres are informational, analytical, and artistic and journalistic; among the latter, in turn, stand out essay, feuilleton, pamphlet.

10) The combination really in the meaning of "really" is not introductory. But if this combination serves to express bewilderment, indignation, indignation, etc., then it becomes introductory.

11) In particular, indicating the relationship between parts of the statement, it is separated from both sides by commas:

He is interested in particular in the origin of individual words.

But if, in particular, it is part of the connecting structure (at its beginning or at the end), then it is distinguished by being occupied together with this structure:

Many will willingly undertake this work, and in particular I; Many will willingly undertake this work, and I in particular.

If, in particular, it is included in the design in general and in particular, then such a construction is not separated by commas:

Over tea, the conversation turned to the household in general and in particular about gardening(Saltykov-Shchedrin).

12) The combination is mainly introductory, if it serves to highlight a fact, to express its assessment.

For example: There was a wide alley ... and it was mainly the public who walked along it.(Bitter) (it is impossible to form the combination "mainly to walk", therefore, in this example combination mainly is not a member of the proposal); The article should be corrected and, mainly, supplemented with fresh material. (mainly meaning "most important"). The combination mainly, which is part of the connecting structure (at its beginning or at the end), is separated by commas along with it, for example: From fifty people mostly officers, crowded in the distance(Pavlenko).

The combination is mainly not introductory in the meaning of "first of all", "most of all":

He achieved success mainly due to his industriousness; What I like most about him is his sincerity.

13) The word main is introductory in the sense of "especially important", "especially important":

You can take any topic for the story, but, most importantly, it should be interesting; Details can be omitted, and most importantly - to make it entertaining(a comma cannot be put after the union a, and a dash is put after the introductory combination to strengthen punctuation).

14) The word means is introductory if it can be replaced by introductory words hence it became:

People are born, get married, die; it means it's necessary, it means it's good(A.N. Ostrovsky); So, does that mean you can't come today?

If the word means is close in meaning to "means", then the punctuation depends on the place it occupies in the sentence:

    in the position between the subject and the predicate, it serves as a means of communication between the main members of the sentence, a dash is placed in front of it, and no sign is placed after it:

    To fight is to win;

    in other cases, it means that it is not separated or distinguished by any signs:

    if the word means is between the subordinate and the main clause or between the parts of the non-union complex sentence, then it is separated from both sides by commas:

    If he so stubbornly defends his views, it means that he feels he is right; If you did not save the child, then blame yourself.

15) The word vice versa means “as opposed to what is said or expected; on the contrary" is introductory and is separated by commas:

Instead of slowing down, he, on the contrary, stood on the goats and desperately twisted his whip over his head.(Kataev).

If, on the contrary (after the union and) is used as a word replacing a sentence member or a whole sentence, then the following punctuation is observed:

    when a member of a sentence is replaced, then no sign is placed before the union and:

    In the picture, light tones turn into dark ones and vice versa.(i.e. dark to light);

    when, on the contrary, it joins the whole sentence, then a comma is placed before the union:

    The closer the light source, the brighter the light emitted by it, and vice versa(replacing the whole sentence: The farther away the light source, the less bright the light it emits.; a kind of complex sentence is formed);

    when, on the contrary, it joins a subordinate clause, a comma before the union is not put:

    This also explains why what was considered criminal in ancient world considered legal in the new and vice versa(Belinsky) (as if homogeneous subordinate clauses are formed with a non-repeating union And: ...and why what was considered criminal in modern times was considered legal in the ancient world).

16) The combination is at least introductory if it has an evaluative and restrictive meaning, that is, it expresses the attitude of the speaker to the thought expressed:

One person, driven by compassion, decided to at least help Akaky Akakievich with good advice.(Gogol); Vera Efimovna advised to apply for transferring her to political or, at least, to a nurse in a hospital.(L. Tolstoy).

If the introductory combination at least stands at the beginning of a separate turnover, then it is separated by commas along with it:

Nikolai Evgrafych knew that his wife would not return home soon, at least five o'clock! (Chekhov).

The combination is at least not separated by commas if it has the value "not less than", "at least":

From his tanned face one could conclude that he knew what smoke was, if not gunpowder, then at least tobacco smoke.(Gogol); At least I will know that I will serve in the Russian army (Bulgakov).

17) A turnover, including a combination from the point of view, is separated by commas if it has the meaning "according to":

Choosing a place to build a cottage, from my point of view, lucky.

If such a combination has the meaning "in relation", then the turnover is not separated by commas:

I know that a crime has been committed if you look at things from the point of view of general morality; In terms of novelty, the book deserves attention.

18) The word approximately is introductory in the sense of "for example" and is not introductory in the sense of "approximately".

Wed: I try about her, about("For example"), not to think is impossible(Ostrovsky). - We are about("approximately") in these tones and with such conclusions they talked(Furmanov).

19) The word for example is associated with the following punctuation:

  • separated by commas as introductory:

    Nikolai Artemyevich liked to argue persistently, for example, about whether it is possible for a person to travel all over the world during his whole life. Earth (Turgenev);

  • stands out together with a turnover, at the beginning or at the end of which is:

    • requires a comma before itself and a colon after itself, if it is after a generalizing word before listing homogeneous members:

    Some mushrooms are very poisonous, for example: death cap, satanic mushroom, fly agaric.

Note!

Never are not introductory and the words are not separated by commas:

as if, as if, hardly, hardly, allegedly, almost, even, exactly, after all, only, certainly, just, nevertheless, necessarily, suddenly.

3. General rules for punctuation when introductory words, combinations and sentences.

1) Basically, introductory words, phrases and sentences are separated by commas:

I confess that he did not make a good impression on me.(Turgenev); Yes, you probably saw her that evening(Turgenev).

2) If the introductory word is after the enumeration of homogeneous members and precedes the generalizing word, then only a dash (without a comma) is placed before the introductory word, and a comma after it:

Books, pamphlets, magazines, newspapers - in a word, all kinds of printed matter lay on his desk in complete disarray.

If the sentence is complex, then a comma before the dash is placed on the basis general rule separation of parts of a complex sentence:

The men drank, argued and laughed - in a word, dinner was extremely cheerful (Pushkin).

3) When two introductory words meet, a comma is placed between them:

What good, perhaps, and marries, out of tenderness of the soul ...(Dostoevsky); So, according to you, physical labor should be done by everyone without exception?(Chekhov).

Amplifying particles with introductory words are not separated from them by a comma:

This is probably true, since there are no contraindications.

4) If the introductory word is at the beginning or at the end of a separate turnover (isolation, clarification, explanation, attachment), then it is not separated from the turnover by any sign:

The swarthy, stocky captain calmly sips his pipe, apparently Italian or Greek (Kataev); Among the comrades there are such poets, lyrics or something, preachers of love for people(Bitter).

Introductory words are not separated from a separate turnover, even if they are at the very beginning or at the very end of the sentence:

Apparently afraid of snowdrifts, the leader of the group canceled the climb to the top of the mountain; Leave these new arguments unconvincing and far-fetched of course.

If the introductory word is in the middle of a separate turnover, then it is separated by commas on a general basis:

The child, apparently afraid of the horse, ran up to his mother.

Note!

It is necessary to distinguish between cases when the introductory word is at the beginning of a separate turnover, and cases when it is between two members of the sentence.

Wed: He had information seems to have been published recently (a separate turnover, the introductory word seems to be part of it). - In his hand he held a small, it seems, technical manual.(without the introductory word, there would be no punctuation mark, since the definitions small And technical heterogeneous, the introductory word refers to the second of them).

In the presence of homogeneous definitions, when there may be doubt to which of the homogeneous terms, preceding or following, the introductory word between them refers, the second definition, together with the introductory word, can form a clarifying construction.

This information is taken from the new seems special for thiscase drawn up, directory(without an introductory word, there would be a comma between homogeneous definitions); Silence and grace reigned in it, obviously forgotten by god and people, corner of the earth(specifying definition with a demonstrative pronoun this).

If the introductory word is at the beginning of a phrase enclosed in brackets, then it is separated by a comma:

Both posts (apparently recent) have received widespread attention.

5) If there is a coordinating union before the introductory word, then the punctuation will be like this. Introductory words are separated from the previous coordinative union by a comma if the introductory word can be omitted or rearranged to another place in the sentence without violating its structure (as a rule, with unions and, but). If the withdrawal or rearrangement of the introductory word is not possible, then a comma is not placed after the union (usually with the union a).

Wed: The entire edition has already been printed, and, probably, the book will go on sale one of these days. (The entire edition has already been printed, and the book will go on sale in a few days.); This question has already been considered several times, but, apparently, the final decision has not yet been made. (This question has already been considered several times, but the final decision has not yet been made.); Here, not coal, but rather liquid fuel can be used. (It can be used not coal, but liquid fuel). - The calculations were made hastily, and therefore inaccurately.(impossible: Calculations were made hastily and inaccurately); Maybe everything will end well, and maybe vice versa(impossible: Maybe everything will end well, and vice versa).

Note!

Homogeneous member of the sentence, standing after the introductory words and therefore, therefore, is not isolated, that is, a comma is not placed after it.

For example: As a result, the strength of the electromagnetic field of incoming signals, and hence the strength of reception, increases many times over; This scheme, and therefore the whole project as a whole, needs to be verified.

6) After the union (at the beginning self-offer) a comma is usually not put, since the union is closely adjacent to the introductory word following it:

And imagine, he nevertheless staged this performance; And I can assure you, the performance turned out wonderful; And what do you think he got his way; But anyway, the decision was made.

Less often (when intonation emphasizes introductory words or introductory sentences, when they are included in the text by means of subordinating union) after the connecting union, a comma is placed before the introductory construction:

But, to my great annoyance, Shvabrin, usually condescending, decisively announced that my song was not good(Pushkin); And, as usual, they remembered only one good thing(Krymov).

7) The introductory words before the comparative turnover (with the union as), target turnover (with the union to), etc., are separated from them on the basis of the general rule:

All this seemed strange to me, however, like others; The son thought for a moment, probably to collect his thoughts.(usually in these cases the introductory word refers not to the previous, but to the subsequent part of the sentence).

8) A dash can be used instead of a comma for introductory words, phrases and sentences.

The dash is used in the following cases:

    If introductory phrase forms an incomplete construction (some word recovered from the context is missing), then a dash is usually put instead of one comma:

    Chichikov ordered to stop for two reasons: on the one hand, to give the horses a rest, on the other, to rest and refresh himself(Gogol) (comma before subordinate clause is absorbed by the dash);

    a dash is placed before the introductory word as an additional sign after the comma, if the introductory word is between two parts of a complex sentence and can be referred to either the preceding or the subsequent part:

    The dog disappeared - probably someone drove it out of the yard(the dash emphasizes that not “the dog must have disappeared”, but that “the dog must have been driven away”).

    Sometimes an additional sign emphasizes causal or conjunctive relationships between parts of a sentence:

    It was difficult to check his words - obviously, the circumstances had changed a lot.

    Sometimes a comma and a dash are placed before the introductory word, which is at the beginning of a separate turnover, and a comma after it, to avoid possible ambiguity:

    Since there is still time, we will call someone else for the exam, for example, those who are retaken (allowable in the meaning of "suppose", "say");

    a dash is placed before the introductory word after a comma if the part of the sentence following the introductory word summarizes what was said in the first part:

    Chichikov asked with extreme accuracy who was the governor in the city, who was the chairman of the chamber, who was the prosecutor - in a word, he did not miss a single significant person.(Gogol);

    using a dash, introductory sentences can be distinguished if they are quite common (have secondary members):

    To suspect Yakov Lukich of sabotage - now it seemed to him- it was not easy(Sholokhov); Let the enemy get away, or - as it is said in the solemn language of military regulations- letting him break away is a big nuisance for scouts, almost a shame(Kazakevich).

§1. Separating comparative turns with commas

Comparative turns are separated by commas. This:

1) comparative turns with the union as, for example:

There the ice is as smooth as a mirror.

2) comparative turns with conjunctions as if, as if, as if, exactly, like, what, than, rather than, for example:

There the ice is smooth, like a mirror.
The ice on the rink is smoother than on the river.

3) comparative turns with a combination like and , for example:

She was beautiful, like her mother.

4) comparative turns with combinations: as usual, as usual, as always, as always, as before, as before, as before, as before, as now, as now, as now, as now etc., etc., for example:

I got up at six as usual.

5) proposals that include demonstrative pronouns that, such or pronominal adverb so, for example:

She was as beautiful as her mother.

§2. Turnovers with the union as - different cases

The question is whether to highlight the turn with the union as commas, - arises:

  • firstly, because the formal indicator - the union as - is not a sign of a comparative turnover.

If you do not have a comparative turnover, then a comma is not needed.

1) turnover with how can express adverbial meaning, for example:

You act like a little one.

2) turnover with how can convey the meaning "as", for example:

As a mother, I know better what to do.

As a professional, he has no price;

  • secondly, there are cases when the union as expresses a comparative value, but the comma is not needed, because:

1) comparison plays the role of a predicate or is part of a predicate, for example:

For many, the future is like a fog.

2) before the union as there are words completely, almost, simply, directly, completely, absolutely, for example:

In December at six it was already dark almost like night.

3) before there is a particle not , for example:

You don't behave like a girl: girls don't fight.

4) comparative turnover is expressed by stable combinations, for example:

slender as a poplar, cunning as a fox, cowardly as a hare, spinning like a squirrel in a wheel.

A comma before the union HOW is placed in three cases:

1. If this union is included in phrases that are close in role in the sentence to the introductory words, for example: AS A RULE, AS A CONSEQUENCE, AS ALWAYS, AS NOW, AS ON DESIGN, AS FOR EXAMPLE, AS NOW: In the morning, as if on purpose, it began to rain;

2. If this union connects parts of a complex sentence, for example: We watched for a long time how the coals of the fire smoldered;

3. If the sentence contains a circumstance expressed by a comparative turnover that begins with the union HOW, for example: Her voice rang like the smallest bell;

Please note: if the sentence continues after turnovers with the union HOW, then you need to put another comma at the end of the turnover. For example: Below, like a mirror, the water shone; We watched for a long time how the coals of the fire were smoldering, unable to tear ourselves away from this spectacle.

Turnovers with the union AS are not separated in five cases:

1. If the turnover with the union HOW in the sentence acts as a circumstance of the course of action, for example: The path twisted like a snake. In such cases, the turnover with HOW can be replaced by an adverb (PO-SNAKE) or a noun in instrumental(SNAKE). Unfortunately, it is not always possible to distinguish the circumstances of the mode of action with complete certainty from the circumstances of comparison.

2. If the turnover with the union HOW is part of the phraseological unit, for example: During dinner she sat on pins and needles;

3. If the turnover with the union HOW is part of the predicate and the sentence without such a turnover does not have a complete meaning, for example: She behaves like a hostess;

4. If the union HOW stands between the subject and the predicate (without this union, a dash would have to be put there), for example: The lake is like a mirror;

5. If the comparative turnover is preceded by the negation of NOT or particles COMPLETELY, PERFECTLY, ALMOST, LIKE, EXACTLY, EXACTLY, SIMPLY, for example: They do everything not like neighbors or Her hair curls exactly like her mother's;

In addition, it must be remembered that the word HOW can be part of the compound union HOW ... SO AND ... or SO AS, as well as revolutions SINCE, FROM THE TIME, AS WELL, AS LESS (MORE) POSSIBLE, etc. In this case, of course, the comma before HOW is also not put, for example: All windows, both in the manor's house and in the people's, are wide open(Saltykov-Shchedrin). He did not take cutlets for breakfast with him and now regretted it, since he already wanted to eat.(According to Chekhov).

Exercise

    I would have heard the door open.

    She was pale with some kind of Hindu pallor, the moles on her face became darker, the blackness of her hair and eyes seemed to be even blacker (Bunin).

    And did Paris live like that now! (Bunin).

    Well, I’ll help, father, just don’t blame me if it doesn’t come out as you planned.

    I rarely visited "noble" houses, but in the theater I was like my own - and ate the abyss of pies at pastry shops (Turgenev).

    Going to bed, I myself, I don’t know why, turned three times on one leg, pomaded myself, lay down and slept all night like a log (Turgenev).

    It will sound and whine_ like a string, but don't expect songs from it (Turgenev).

    All of us are not like people! (Saltykov-Shchedrin).

    Now, wrapped in a hood and a cloak, from under which a rifle was sticking out, he rode with one murid, trying to be noticed as little as possible, carefully peering with his quick black eyes into the faces of the inhabitants he came across along the way (Tolstoy).

    Millions of people committed against each other such countless atrocities, deceptions, betrayals, thefts, forgeries and issuance of false banknotes, robberies, arson and murders, which in whole centuries the annals of all the courts of the world will not collect and on which, in this period of time, people, those who committed them did not look at them as crimes (Tolstoy).

    The guests arrived like snow on their heads.

    To meet him, a fifteen-year-old boy quickly came out of the door and stared in surprise with black_ like ripe currants_ shining eyes at the visitors (Tolstoy).

    While Hadji Murad was entering, a middle-aged, thin, thin woman, in a red beshmet on a yellow shirt and blue trousers, came out of the inner door, carrying pillows. (Tolstoy).

    I accompanied the captain_ not as a servant. She was also amused by the clean, compared to prison, spring air, but it was painful to step on the stones, unaccustomed to walking and shod in clumsy prison cats, and she looked at her feet and tried to step_ as lightly as possible (Tolstoy).

    One of them, the most extravagant, was that I wanted to go to him, explain myself to him, confess everything to him, frankly tell him everything and assure him that I acted not like a stupid girl, but with good intentions (Dostoevsky).

    So I studied, studied, but ask me how a person should live, - I don’t know (Tolstoy).

    These experiments could be carried out_ both a month earlier and a month later.

    The streets between the houses were narrow, crooked and deep, like cracks in the rock (Andreev).

    Fans use this fish_ as a natural clock in a room aquarium (According to V. Matizen).

    In the west, the sky is greenish and transparent all night, and there, on the horizon, as it is now, everything is smoldering and smoldering ... (Bunin).

    Rostov felt how, under the influence of the hot rays of love ... that childish smile blossomed in his soul and on his face, which he had never smiled since he left home (Tolstoy).

    The people in the car were like herring in a barrel.

    Irony is present in it_ not as a feature of style or technique, but as part of the general worldview of the author (Lakshin).

    When Stepan Trofimovich, already ten years later, was passing this sad tale to me in a whisper, having first locked the doors, he swore to me that he was so dumbfounded then on the spot that he did not hear or see how Varvara Petrovna disappeared (Dostoevsky).

    But the eyes_ do not seem to be stupid and brilliant, like those of Maria Kresse (Bulgakov).

    If you knew that you want this, the holiday would be canceled, ”said the prince, out of habit_ like a wound clock, saying things that he didn’t want to be believed (Tolstoy).

    Armande had already begun to despair_ when the local curate, Francois Loizeau, arrived from Oteil, who became friends with Molière at the time when he lived in Oteil (Bulgakov).

    But before they had time to get up, a bell rang impatiently behind the doors above (Bulgakov).

    “Torment,” he says, “them: now their prayer book is gone,” and galloped past; and behind this stratopedarch are his warriors, and behind them, like a flock of skinny spring geese, boring shadows stretched, and everyone nods sadly and pitifully to the lord, and all quietly moan through weeping: “Let him go! – he alone prays for us” (Leskov).

    Seeing this, people stopped in their tracks. "Fuck off, doves! we celebrated the winter, but by spring the bellies were down!” - Porfiry Vladimirych argues to himself, and he, as if on purpose, had just cleared up all the accounts for last year's field crops (Saltykov-Shchedrin).

    As if on purpose_ and he did not come today, but I still have a whole terrible night ahead! (Bunin).

    Understand that this child, whom you are now adopting in the Poquelin house, is none other than Monsieur de Molière! (Bulgakov).

    Bazar_ is like another city in the city (Bunin).

    However, the consistent application of this method, which treats literature, not as the fruit of organic creativity, but as a medium cultural communication, eventually began to slow down the development of literary criticism (Epstein).

    Next to him, she felt like behind a stone wall. Until now, he was silent, and no one paid any attention to him, but now everyone looked at him, and, probably, everyone was surprised_ how he could still remain unnoticed (Leskov).

    Still young, handsome in appearance, with a fortune, endowed with many brilliant qualities, undoubted wit, taste, inexhaustible gaiety, he appeared_ not as a seeker of happiness and patronage, but quite independently (Dostoevsky).

    Half even used to die, but they are not amenable to education: they stand in the yard - everyone marvels and even shy away from the walls, and everyone only squints at the sky_ like birds_ with their eyes (Leskov).

    Screams like an eagle: stop, I will shoot! (Bunin).

As usual

introductory expression

The same as "as usual, as always." It is distinguished by punctuation marks, usually commas, or is isolated along with related words. For details on punctuation for introductory words, see Appendix 2. ()

As usual, before lights out, the doctor on duty went around the patients, he was accompanied by a nurse in his block. V. Rasputin, Natasha. But there, on the ship, in the bright halls shining with chandeliers and marble, there was, as usual, a crowded ball that night. I. Bunin, Gentleman from San Francisco. It seemed as if I was sailing on a water bicycle through thick reeds, from which huge telegraph poles protruded; the bike was strange - not like that, as usual, with pedals in front of the seat, but, as it were, converted from a ground one: a frame with the word “Sport” was installed between two thick and long floats. V. Pelevin, Omon Ra. In the subway, as usual at rush hour, there was no push.

The words "as usual", which are part of the predicate, are usually not distinguished by punctuation marks.

And everything was as usual , as always, but I knew one thing for sure: something had changed in the world, and the former, yesterday's world does not exist and never will again. L. Andreev, He.


Dictionary-reference book on punctuation. - M.: Reference and information Internet portal GRAMOTA.RU. V. V. Svintsov, V. M. Pakhomov, I. V. Filatova. 2010 .

Synonyms:

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