Rainbow colors. The colors of the rainbow, what and how many colors in the rainbow are in order

Often, when the sun leans over the horizon and illuminates the outgoing rain, a rainbow appears in the sky. This is a very beautiful natural phenomenon. How many colors are in the rainbow and which ones?

S. Marshak wrote a poem about this:

Spring sun with rain
Building a rainbow together
seven color semicircle
Of the seven wide arcs.

The nature of the phenomenon

This huge seven-colored sickle in the sky seems to be an extraordinary miracle. True, people have already managed to find a natural explanation for it. The white color of the sun is made up of rays different colors, or rather from light waves of different lengths. Longer wavelengths are red, shorter wavelengths are purple. The sun's rays, penetrating from the air into raindrops, are refracted, break up into their component light waves and come out already in the form of a spectrum, a multi-color band.

As you know, flowers do not exist in nature at all, they are only a figment of our imagination. Therefore, the actual number of colors of the rainbow can be expressed by the paradox: "Not at all or infinity." The spectrum is continuous, it has an infinite number of shades; the only question is how many of them we can distinguish and encode (name).

Fairy tale "The conversation of pencils"

The Bulgarian writer M. Stoyan devoted a fairy tale story to the colors of the rainbow, which he called "The Conversation of Pencils". Here it is.

Often, when it rains, you stand at the window, look, listen, and it seems to you that all things have a voice, that they all talk. And your pencils, right?

Hear, the red one says: "I am a poppy." An orange voice follows him: "I am an orange." Yellow is also not silent: "I am the sun." And the green rustles: "I am the forest." Blue softly hums: "I am the sky, the sky, the sky." Blue rings: "I am a bell." And purple whispers: "I am a violet."

The rain is ending. A seven-color rainbow curves above the ground.

“Look! exclaims the red pencil. Rainbow is me. - "And I!" - adds orange. "And I!" smiles yellow. "And I!" green laughs. "And I!" - having fun blue. "And I!" - exults blue. "And I!" Violet rejoices.

And everyone is happy: in the rainbow over the horizon - and a poppy, and an orange, and the sun, and a forest, and the sky, and a bell, and a violet. It has everything!

After the rain, both adults and children peer into the sky: what if a rainbow appears? People of all ages admire this with trepidation and joy. an unusual phenomenon- bright stripes of 7 colors, stretching over the entire sky along the entire horizon. In ancient times, people believed that the rainbow appears by God's will, as proof of its existence. Children think that the stripes in the sky appear out of nowhere, as if in a fairy tale. But adult readers of the portal know for sure that the appearance of a rainbow is explained by the physical laws of nature and this is just an optical illusion.

How does a rainbow appear?

Physicists, observing the refraction of light in drops of water, with mathematical accuracy derived equations that reveal the mechanism of formation of this natural phenomenon. Knowledge of optical laws made it possible to prove that for the appearance of a rainbow, it is important not only the presence of rainwater drops and then the appearance of the sun, standing low above the horizon, but also the position of the observer with his back to the star.

rainbow colors in right order. Drawing by Vasilisa Batmanova, 8 years old, specially for

The stream of sunlight, reaching the surface of the water, refracts and splits the white rays of the sun into a color spectrum, and it consists of 7 primary colors. Red, orange, yellow are warm shades, green is borderline, and blue, blue, purple are cold. This is the order in which the rainbow colors are arranged.

In this case, red is external, and purple is internal. Often the rainbow is depicted in reverse order, but this is not true. Although, the reverse order of colors is also possible - in a doubler rainbow, which is discussed below.

When it rains, a ray of the sun illuminates the raindrop and penetrates into it, refracting into the colors of the spectrum. The wall of a water drop has a dense structure, reaching which the light flux is reflected in the opposite direction. This causes even more refraction. A stream of the rainbow spectrum breaks out from the point of penetration of the sun's ray. Since the observer stands with his back to the shining Sun, and facing the rain, he sees the refracted sunlight reflected by billions of drops of rainwater.

The colors of the rainbow in reverse order, characteristic of the "second" rainbow. Drawing by Margosha Batmanova, 6 years old, specially for

Sometimes in the sky you can see not one, but two rainbows at the same time. Moreover, the second is not so bright or barely visible in the sky. Her colors also consist of 7 shades, but are arranged in an inverted state: from purple to red. The appearance of a "double" is easily explained from the point of view of optics: light rays are reflected in a drop of water again - and this is where a doubling rainbow appears.

A person is always interested in natural phenomena that are visible, but they cannot be touched: fog, evaporation of moisture, a rainbow. They seem to be a manifestation of a miracle, something unusual, of divine origin, but in fact their occurrence is proved by science.

In this article, we will look at a very bright and interesting topic for kids. Namely, let's talk about the rainbow.

Children are little "why-why" who, in principle, are interested in everything that surrounds them. Despite this, sometimes it can be very difficult to convey any information to the baby, especially when it comes to learning something. With the help of natural phenomena and surrounding objects, you can easily and quickly teach a child elementary things. Such as, for example, colors, counting.

All the colors of the rainbow in order for children, schoolchildren: the correct sequence and names of colors

The rainbow is something magical and unusual for all children. However, not all parents use this colorful beauty as a learning assistant. And very in vain. Having interested the crumbs in such beauty, you can easily learn the main colors and at the same time have fun.

It is important to understand that it is you and me, adults, who understand what a rainbow is. For a child, this is something beautiful and unusual, something that he rarely sees, and perhaps even for the first time. That is why initially you need to give the child an idea about this phenomenon. Of course, it’s not worth explaining to a 3-year-old baby what a rainbow is from the point of view of science, but it’s worth telling the big picture.
So, a rainbow is a multi-colored arc that we see, as a rule, in the sky due to the interaction of water droplets and sunlight. The sun's rays are refracted in water drops (rain, fountain) and you get such multi-colored arcs in the sky.
By the way, a rainbow can be seen not only after rain, it can be observed near fountains, on the seashore and other bodies of water. That is, wherever a ray of the sun can "pass" through the droplets of water.

An interesting fact is that it is very difficult to see all the colors of the rainbow with the naked eye, which is why in ancient times only a few colors were distinguished. Over time, almost everyone began to lean towards the opinion that there are only 7 colors in the rainbow, however, there are also peoples who still have only 6.

Red. This color is quite bright, in the rainbow it gradually fades and smoothly turns into orange.
Orange. This color gradually becomes even lighter and warmer and turns into yellow.
Yellow. At this stage, the yellow arc starts to turn a little green, resulting in a lighter green color.
Green. Then blue tones gradually merge into green, and the arc becomes pure blue.
Blue. Further, a more saturated blue color appears
Blue. After the blue arc, we see the last purple arc.
Purple. This color completes the rainbow. The purple arc is always the smallest and shortest

What color does the rainbow start with, what color is in the rainbow 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 in order?

To make it easier and more interesting for a child to learn the rainbow and the colors it consists of, by all means tell something interesting about each color and name the objects with which it can be associated.

The 1st color that "opens" the rainbow is red. Red refers to the color of love, comfort, warmth, care. You can associate color with red berries (strawberries), vegetables (peppers)
The 2nd color of the rainbow is orange. This color symbolizes peace and energy, warmth. You can associate it with the sun, oranges, orange flowers, tangerines
3rd is yellow. This color symbolizes nothing more than warmth, peace, comfort, tranquility and, of course, the sun.
4th color is green. This color is referred to as energetic, cheerful colors. It is associated primarily with grass, the river and all nature, if we talk about it in general.
The 5th color is blue. It is the color of peace, tranquility and friendship. It is associated by itself with the sky, the sea
6th blue. This color is considered to be the color of kindness, understanding, fidelity. The first thing you think of when you see the color blue is the sky, the sea.
The 7th color of the rainbow is purple. This color is a mystery, often it is the purple color that is endowed with mystical abilities. It is associated with flowers, some vegetables and berries (blackberries, blueberries, eggplant)

Not just telling your child about the colors of the rainbow, but also showing them, talking about objects that are the same color, you can easily learn all the basic colors with your baby.

Colors of the rainbow in English: names with transcription

English is by far the most popular language in the world. Therefore, it is not surprising that they begin to teach him from the kindergarten. Almost the first thing that crumbs begin to learn is just colors. Since it is letters, counting, colors, etc. are the core knowledge.

Without knowing English at a sufficient level, it is quite difficult to learn his words. Because misread words will be mislearned. In this case, transcription comes to the rescue.

So the first color of the rainbow red, on English language spelled red and has the following transcription -. At the same time, it must be said that red is often translated not only as red, but also as scarlet, crimson
Second color - Orange, written as orange and reads like [ˈɒrɪndʒ]
Third goes yellow- we write it like yellow, but we read as follows - [ˈjeləʊ]
The fourth color of the rainbow green. In spelling, the word looks like this - gree n, read as follows - [ɡriːn]
Fifth goes blue. In English, the color has the following name and transcription - blue
The sixth color of the rainbow is blue. In English, it is written and read similarly to blue. Sometimes you can find this spelling in blue - dark blue, in which case the transcription will be as follows [dɑːrk] [bluː]
And the final color is purple. In English, color is written as purple, with transcription [ˈpɜːpəl]. Or violet with transcription [ˈvaɪələt] - this color is darker and more saturated

How many cold and warm colors are in the rainbow?

First you need to understand what cold and warm colors are. After all, not everyone knows that all colors can be divided according to such a classification.

The type of color that belongs to depends on the wavelength of the spectrum. The longer this wave is, the warmer the color will be, and vice versa, the shorter the wave, the colder the color will be. At the same time, information regarding such an indicator is freely available and anyone can find it out.
Despite this, we have no way of knowing by sight alone. this indicator, so often people determine what kind of color belongs to, solely on subjective indicators.
Firstly, it is customary to refer to cold colors all the colors that prevail in the cold season - in winter. Those colors that are often found in summer are considered to be warm.
Secondly, at the sight of a cold color or shade, that is, a color with a short wave, a person relaxes, calms down, feels peace and tranquility, and may feel some kind of coldness. With warm colors, the opposite is true: seeing them, a person wakes up emotionally, feels a surge of strength, energy, visually the room in such colors seems lighter, warmer and more comfortable.

As for the flowers of the multi-colored beauty, they are as follows:

Cool colors include blue, blue and purple. Their wavelengths are the shortest.
Warm colors include red, yellow and orange.
But with in green not everything is so clear. This color consists of 2 others: yellow - warm and blue - cold. In fact, this color can be called neutral, since it has both warm and cold shades.

All of the above information applies to pure colors which are extremely rare in nature. In order to more accurately determine whether this or that shade belongs to a cold or warm color, it is necessary to consider in detail the colors and their constituent shades. For example, if yellow dominates in green, then it should be attributed to warm, if blue - to cold.

How to quickly remember the colors of the rainbow?

The process of learning and memorizing colors, in principle, like any other information, is different for each person. Someone grasps everything on the fly, while someone needs to make a lot of effort to learn at least a couple of words.

It is much easier to remember the colors of the rainbow by associating them and the sequence itself with some kind of expression. The saying has long been heard: "Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits". Uppercase letter each word, this is the letter that begins the color present in the rainbow. At the same time, the sequence of colors is also preserved - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. By remembering such a simple expression, you can very quickly and easily remember all the colors of the rainbow and the sequence in which we see them.

There are other variants of similar hint expressions, for example: "Cat Donkey, Giraffe, Bunny Blue Sewed Sweatshirts". For young children, this option, in principle, can be even simpler and more interesting. Having chosen this expression for a hint, do not forget to explain to the child what a sweatshirt is.
It is also important to engage in the development of memory. To do this, you need to learn different verses, read books.
Do not forget that it is unlikely that you will be able to learn everything at once. So keep coming back to this topic, but try not to be too intrusive with the idea of learning, especially if we are talking about a small child. Periodically remember colors, repeat associations to them.

The study of colors and rainbows as a natural phenomenon, if desired, can be turned into most interesting game, during which all colors and their sequence will be learned quickly and easily.

Video: Rainbow: learning colors. Educational cartoon for children

A bright, cheerful, luminous rainbow has been considered a symbol of good luck and luck since ancient times. If a rainbow flashes in the sky, then the day will be happy and easy. And some even make a wish when they see this beautiful natural phenomenon in the sky. It is believed that how many colors a person sees in a rainbow, so many wishes he can make.

What is a rainbow

A rainbow is an optical phenomenon that occurs not only in the sky. In fact, this is the refraction of colors. Physicists have proven that light has a certain spectrum of hues, and the rainbow clearly demonstrates this.

It occurs due to the refraction of light in the smallest droplets of water fog or rain that float in the atmosphere. Light is reflected differently in water droplets, hence different shades appear.

Where is it seen

Rainbows can be observed not only in the sky. You can see a small rainbow if you sit next to the fountain and catch the refraction of light near the stream of water. You can see it on a white sheet of paper when you write with a transparent pen on a sunny day. Also, a rainbow can be seen through a prism, if this prism is brought to the sun's rays or to an ordinary electric light bulb.

But most often, of course, we observe it in the sky.

How many colors are in the rainbow

Science has proven that the rainbow has seven colors. It:

red;
Orange;
yellow;
green;
blue;
blue;
purple.

In antiquity, there were not yet so many precise optical instruments to carefully consider how many colors the rainbow has. And the human eye can not always accurately determine the color gamut.

Aristotle, for example, singled out only three primary colors - red, yellow and green. But in Japanese culture there is no traditional green color, so the inhabitants of the country rising sun It is believed that there are only six colors in the rainbow.

And the great mathematician Isaac Newton spent a lot of time studying the refraction of light and came to the conclusion that there are five colors in the rainbow. Then he looked at the sixth one, the orange one. This number - six - seemed to him imperfect for describing natural phenomena, so he decided to add a blue color to the rainbow, which he called "indigo".

We have 7 and they have 6

If you think that after the proven fact of scientists, how many colors are in the rainbow, all people on the planet agreed with this statement, then you are deeply mistaken. In China, for some reason, they believe that there are five colors in the rainbow - exactly the same number as the elements on the planet. Until now, in Germany, America, England, France and a number of other countries, children are told that the rainbow consists of six colors.

Why it happens? The fact is that blue and very similar to each other, they are distinguishable only by the degree of depth. In addition, in a number of languages \u200b\u200b"blue" and "blue" are called the same. In English, there is only one common word to describe these colors. Therefore, there is still such confusion as to how many colors are in the rainbow.

Easy to remember

The order of the colors in the rainbow is always the same, no matter what time of day we observe it, whether it is big or small, it stood in the sky for a long time or it flashed and went out in a few seconds. The first color is red, which gradually brightens and turns into orange. In turn, the orange becomes even lighter and turns into yellow. Yellow gradually turns green, then blue appears, which turns into a rich blue, and the last, final color of the rainbow spectrum is purple.

Remembering the order of the colors in the rainbow is quite simple. You need to learn just one mnemonic phrase - and you can easily name which flowers are in the rainbow, without hesitation. So memorize this sentence: "Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits." Simply and easily. And now you just have to take the first letter of each word and name the color of the rainbow:

each is red;
hunter - orange;
wishes - yellow;
know - green;
where - blue;
sitting - blue;
pheasant - purple.

It is this phrase about a hunter and a sitting pheasant that has taken root in Russian-speaking culture. Although there are several more successful suggestions that allow you to remember the rainbow spectrum. For example: "Once upon a time, Jean the City Ringer Broke a Lantern." There are also more modern interpretations: "Every Designer Wants to Know Where to Download Photoshop".

Well, it's already, as they say, choose to your taste, how to remember the location of the colors in the rainbow.

Warm or cold

A rainbow in the sky always seems bright, cheerful, lively and very warm. It shines and sparkles, and it seems that everything consists of fiery flowers. But, nevertheless, there are also cold tones in it.

Let's see how many cold colors are in the rainbow. Everything related to blue refers to cold tones. Thus, there are three cool colors in the rainbow - blue, cyan and green. But purple, which has shades of purple, is neither warm nor cold, it is transitional.

Accordingly, there are three rainbows: red, orange and yellow.

This palette, which divides colors into warm and cold, is used by artists and painters. There are even several that divide the solar spectrum into warm, cold and intermediate shades.

Always against the sun

Rainbow always appears opposite side from the sun. So if you look at it, the sun will always shine from behind. Most often, a rainbow occurs in the morning or in the evening, and this also has a completely reasonable explanation from the point of view of physics. When the sun is on the horizon, the rainbow is at its fullest and largest. The higher the sun rises, the smaller the semicircle becomes. And when the luminary rises to a height of 43 degrees relative to the horizon, it is no longer possible to see the rainbow. Because the angle for the refraction of light is not suitable.

The red color of the rainbow is always located on the outside of the arc, and purple is always on the inside. But! Very common double Rainbow when there are two arcs in the sky at once. So, in the second rainbow, the colors are reversed.

By the way, seeing two rainbows is considered even greater luck than one.

The number of colors in the rainbow always remains the same, but the ideas about this beautiful optical phenomenon people have changed over time. Ancient tribes, for example, divided the rainbow into two colors - dark and light.

Rainbows can be seen not only in the sun, but also after dark. Then the sun's rays begin to reflect from the moon, and a rainbow can appear.

The rainbow does not freeze in place, and two people who are in different parts of the city will see it in a completely different way. It will seem to one that it hovered over the river, and to the other that it is located directly above the new buildings. That is why when you photograph a rainbow at the same time in the same city, you get completely different pictures.

Not all people can see all seven colors of the rainbow. It depends how sharp your eyesight is. Some may see peach in the rainbow, And they don't make it up. After all, seven colors are the main classical colors. And there are really a great many shades in the rainbow, and some cannot be caught by the human eye.

The rainbow can disappear if you wear polaroid glasses. The coating of these glasses is located so that the light is refracted vertically and the person simply does not see what others see.

Since ancient times, the rainbow has been considered a symbol of extraordinary good luck and luck. A bright luminous multi-colored arc in the sky delighted the eye of everyone who saw it, certainly improving mood and letting you forget about problems and worries for a moment.

The old people said this: “If a rainbow breaks out in the sky in the morning, then the whole day will be easy and happy.” Some people still make a wish to themselves at the sight of this beautiful natural phenomenon. It is believed that as many colors in a rainbow a person can distinguish, as many wishes he can make. Therefore, today we will talk in order about what colors of the rainbow are and how many there are.

A rainbow is a physical optical phenomenon that occurs not only in the sky. Its essence is the refraction of light and the appearance of colors. Physicists have proven that light has a certain spectrum of hues, and the rainbow clearly demonstrates this.

It occurs due to the refraction of light in the smallest droplets of water fog or rain that float in the atmosphere. Light is reflected differently in water droplets, hence different shades appear.

Where is it seen

As it turns out, a rainbow can be observed not only in the sky. You can see a small rainbow:

If you sit next to the fountain and catch the refraction of light near the jet of water.
You can see it on a white sheet of paper when you write with a transparent pen on a sunny day.
Also, a rainbow can be seen through a prism, if this prism is brought to the sun's rays or to an ordinary electric light bulb.

But more often, we observe a rainbow in the sky.

How many colors are in the rainbow: primary colors in order

It is scientifically proven that any rainbow has seven colors. It:

red;
Orange;
yellow;
green;
blue;
blue;
purple.

In antiquity, there were not yet so many precise optical instruments to carefully consider how many colors the rainbow has. And the human eye can not always accurately determine the color gamut.

Aristotle, for example, singled out only three primary colors:

red,
yellow,
green.

But in Japanese culture there is no traditional green color, so the inhabitants of the Land of the Rising Sun believe that there are only six colors in the rainbow.

The great physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton spent a lot of time studying the refraction of light and came to the conclusion that there are five colors in the rainbow. Then he looked at the sixth one, the orange one. This number - six - seemed to him imperfect for describing natural phenomena, so he decided to add a blue color to the rainbow, which he called "indigo".

We have 7 colors of the rainbow, they have 6

If you think that after the proven fact of scientists, how many colors are in the rainbow, all people on the planet agreed with this statement, then you are deeply mistaken.

In China, for some reason, they believe that there are five colors in the rainbow - exactly the same number as the elements on the planet. Until now, in Germany, America, England, France and a number of other countries, children are told that the rainbow consists of six colors.

Why it happens? The fact is that blue and blue colors are very similar to each other, they are distinguishable only by the degree of depth. In addition, in a number of languages \u200b\u200b“blue” and “blue” are called the same. In English, there is only one common word to describe these colors. Therefore, there is still such confusion as to how many colors are in the rainbow.

Remembering the primary colors in order is easy

The order of the colors in the rainbow is always the same, no matter in which part of the world we observe it and at what time of the day, whether it is large or small, it stood in the sky for a long time or flashed and went out in a few seconds.

The first color is red, which gradually brightens and turns into orange. In turn, the orange becomes even lighter and turns into yellow. The yellow color gradually turns green, then blueness appears, which turns into a juicy blue, and the last, final color of the rainbow spectrum is purple.

Remembering the order of the colors in the rainbow is quite simple. You need to learn just one mnemonic phrase - and you can easily name which flowers are in the rainbow, without hesitation.

So, memorize this sentence: Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits“. Simply and easily. And now you just have to take the first letter of each word and name the color of the rainbow:

each is red;
hunter - orange;
wishes - yellow;
know - green;
where - blue;
sitting - blue;
pheasant - purple.

It is this phrase about a hunter and a sitting pheasant that has taken root in Russian-speaking culture. Although there are several more successful suggestions that allow you to remember the rainbow spectrum. For example: " Once upon a time, Jean Zvonar City Broke a Lantern“. There are also more modern interpretations: Every Decorator Wants to Know Where to Download Photoshop“.

Well, it's already, as they say, choose to your taste, how to remember the location of the colors in the rainbow.

Cold or warm

Let's figure out how many cold colors are in the rainbow?

Everything related to blue refers to cold tones. Thus, there are three cold colors in the rainbow - blue, cyan. Green is neutral (like white). But purple, which has shades of purple, is neither warm nor cold, it is transitional.

Accordingly, there are three warm colors of the rainbow: red, orange and yellow.

This palette, which divides colors into warm and cold, is used by artists and painters. There are even several color circles that divide the solar spectrum into warm, cold and intermediate shades.

A multi-colored arc in the sky is always against the sun

A rainbow always appears on the opposite side of the sun. So if you look at it, the sun will always shine from behind. Most often, a rainbow occurs in the morning or in the evening, and this also has a completely reasonable explanation from the point of view of physics.

When the sun is on the horizon, the rainbow is at its fullest and largest. The higher the sun rises, the smaller the semicircle becomes. And when the luminary rises to a height of 43 degrees relative to the horizon, it is no longer possible to see the rainbow. Because the angle for the refraction of light is not suitable.

The red color of the rainbow is always located in the outer part of the arc, and purple - in the inner. But! Very often there is a double rainbow, when there are two arcs in the sky at once. So, in the second rainbow, the colors are reversed.

By the way, seeing two rainbows is considered even greater luck than one.

Rainbow: interesting facts

The number of colors in the rainbow always remains the same, but people's ideas about this beautiful optical phenomenon have changed over time. Ancient tribes, for example, divided the rainbow into two colors - dark and light.

Rainbows can be seen not only in the sun, but also after dark. Then the sun's rays begin to reflect from the moon, and a rainbow can appear.

The rainbow does not freeze in place, and two people who are in different parts of the city will see it in a completely different way. It will seem to one that it hovered over the river, and to the other - that it is located directly above the new buildings. That is why when you photograph a rainbow at the same time in the same city, you get completely different pictures.

Not all people can see all seven colors of the rainbow. It depends how sharp your eyesight is. Some may notice shades of pink, peach, light green in the rainbow. And they don't invent. After all, seven colors are the main classic colors. And there are really a great many shades in the rainbow, and some cannot be caught by the human eye.

The rainbow can disappear if you wear polaroid glasses. The coating of these glasses is located so that the light is refracted vertically and the person simply does not see what others see.

Exploring the colors of the rainbow in order

How to learn all the colors of the rainbow in order in one minute

How to remember, learn all the colors of the rainbow in order, in one minute? Very simple - repeat the sentence with Dana Smile and watch our video.

Learning the colors of the rainbow with a child: learning the order of colors

Video channel "MrP Vlog". Educational cartoons for children. Let your child develop. Happiness and health! Learn the colors of the rainbow! Since childhood, we have been learning the order of the colors of the rainbow by learning the phrase about the pheasant.