Interior door lock design. Do-it-yourself door lock repair. fixing hole

There are many types of locks on the market of locking mechanisms: lever, crossbar, electronic. A common model is a mortise door lock with a cylindrical mechanism, due to its high degree of security, maintainability and affordable price.

What is a cylinder lock, types of structure

According to the GOST standard, a cylinder lock is: “a mechanism that moves and fixes the bolt of the lock in working positions and ensures the secrecy of the lock through the secrecy mechanism, i.e. a set of certain combinations of pins (plates, disks) corresponding to their own key.

These mechanisms take different forms:

Cylinder.
Circle.
A drop.
Triangle.

Cylinders with a European standard mechanism are presented on the door fittings market: they have a certain size and are made of a brass profile. Cases are made under them.

The cylinder mechanism is of two types:

pin.
Disk.

Pin cylinder lock device

A pin lock, a mortise cylinder (larva, snail) is a mechanism based on a core with a connector. It has code channels with code pins (their height determines the number of slots on the key) and a spring that pushes the code pins out of the channel. The code pins are in a profile, thanks to which they do not fly out. There are also support pins.

When the key enters the hole, each slot corresponds to a code pin, which is recessed to a certain depth (height). When unlocked, the code and support pins become exactly on the line between the body and the core, and it (the core) turns easily. In this case, the code elements remain in the core, the support elements with springs remain in the housing. That's the whole principle of work.

The shape of the cylinder (larva) adopted by the European standard is called: DIN-standard mechanism.

Pin cylinder lock details:

The case is the outer part of the castle, in which all the details are located.
The key is an independent unlocking part, with the help of which the secret is revealed when the leash is turned.
Cylinder or rotor - a replaceable part of a lock with a connector. It has pins.
Code pins or pins are details of the locking mechanism.
Locking pins or pins - together with the code pins block the rotor.
Return springs - with their help, the pins are blocked.
Leash - with its help the bolt moves.

Disc cylinder lock device

A door disk lock is a type of cylinder device, the mechanism of which is represented by a set of disks. Each disc has a uniquely shaped cutout. Corresponding slots are made on the key.

When unlocked, the discs of the mechanism move deeper towards the core. If the key fits, it turns easily. The secret of the lock places the discs at a certain angle, their recesses create a channel with balance - turn and the bolt moves.

The key is a sawn rod with slots, it is also called a semicircular key.

Padlocks cylinder with such a mechanism are less susceptible to freezing. A mortise disc lock is not recommended for outdoor installation. They are suitable for canvas with a large load. Suitable for entrance and interior doors made of metal, wood, plastic, glass.

Types of cylinder mechanism

There are several classifications according to different criteria.

By location on the canvas:

Consignment note - has one connector. On the other side is a handle.
Door mortise lock - its connector is through, that is, the key can be used from both sides. The cylinders of this lock are of two types: key + key, key + handle. The second type (with handles) is more convenient, but the first type is safer: if with inside insert the key into the socket, do not open the lock from the outside.

In addition to these characteristics, there are cylinders different lengths, the size depends on the thickness of the canvas. When buying, you must consider the size or you may encounter such problems:

Cylinder small size- will be located deep in the body. This is ugly and inconvenient - the door will either be difficult to open, because the key will not reach the device mechanism.
Large cylinder - if it protrudes beyond the edges of the connector, this will make it easier for attackers to break it. If armor plates are installed in the body, the cylinder will not fit into the slot.

Cylinders are classified according to their location on the body: central and extreme.

Cylinder latch locks

The dead lock with a latch is functional, convenient in use.

Cylinder locks with latch latches close under mechanical action. It is an auxiliary element of the locking mechanism. The latch is available with and without a tongue lock, with one or two handles. Such locks are often used in residential and industrial premises.

False handles are used for entrance and interior doors. It has no functional feature, it is rather an element of decor. The convenience is that when changing the interior, in order for the locking device to fit into the image, it is enough to choose the handle according to the style.

Handles for entrance doors resistant to external influences, made of durable materials (when compared with interior ones).

By type of pressing the handle are:

Push (for entrance doors).
Swivel (for interior doors).

The push handle is also suitable for interior structures. The choice depends on the preferences of the buyer.

How to choose a cylinder lock

In addition to such a criterion as the size of the larva, when choosing, it is necessary to pay attention to such characteristics:

Protection - you need to ask the sales assistant how durable the material was used to make the lock. The difficulty of opening when bumping, drilling, selecting a key depends on this.
Quality - how precisely the mechanism is complex, whether there have been cases of breakdown, how repairable a mortise lock with a latch is.
Additional functionality: this is recoding, installing a gear mechanism, "anti-panic" and others.

The safety of the premises depends on how conscientiously the manufacturer adheres to these characteristics. The more reliable the device, the higher, as a rule, its cost will be.

A cylinder mortise lock with a latch is convenient because, if necessary, it is not necessary to dismantle the entire device - it is enough to replace the larva. You can replace the lock cylinder yourself by following the proposed algorithm:

Open the door, at the end find a screw on the bar near the cylinder.
Unscrew the screw.
If the locks are with handles, the cylinder can be easily reached, if without, you need to insert the key into the slot, turn it counterclockwise until it stops and pull it towards you.
Then move the key and handle slightly to opposite side so that the lever goes down - then the cylinder will easily come out of the body.
The new cylinder will be placed into the mechanism by the handle, or by a key inserted into it. Monitor the position of the lever - it must be completely secret.
Try to close the mortise lock with a latch by moving the front and back so that it closes freely.
Install the screw.
Check work.

To replace the overhead lock cylinder, the case must be removed from the canvas. Then everything is the same as with the previous one - find the screw, get the old cylinder and replace it with a new mechanism.

How cylinder devices are hacked

Unfortunately, the mortise lock cylinder is at the same time its weakest part - attackers use many methods to break the mechanism. Here are some of them:

Hacking with a master key: picking up a key to a lock with a modern mechanism is almost impossible, but thieves use special lockpicks, plus technical devices, such as a bumping machine. True, this option may also be ineffective: the technology provides for a complex secret: grooves, grooves. Therefore, to open a mortise mechanism with a latch, it will take a lot of time, which attackers most often do not have.

Breaking out the cylinder: a suitable key is selected that will fit into the well. Then they hit it with a hammer - all the details (pins, pins) are knocked down and the canvas opens. But this method is suitable if the lock is old or made of fragile material. You can protect yourself from such hacking by buying a durable mechanism or choosing a lock with a non-standard connector.
Drilling - effective method hacking. You can resist only by choosing a device with a mechanism made of high-strength materials.
Knockout: using physical strength, improvised materials break the mechanism. The solution is to acquire strong structures.

Material strength - main factor protecting the premises from unwanted penetration. But you need to remember that the mortise lock should be easy to use and last a long time.

Types of keys for a cylinder lock

The mortise lock with a cylinder latch is the most common. Such a device is distinguished not only by the type of fastening (mortise, invoice), but also by the type of key. Some are easy to copy, but there are models that cannot be imprinted, have millions of combinations.

English is an unreliable option, because it is a very common type. Due to the simplicity of the device, it is possible to pick up the key, which makes it easier for attackers. Easily breakable. Such a lock can be installed at the entrance to a room that does not have material values.

More about the features of the cylinder lock watch the video:

The Finnish key is a high indicator of reliability. The mechanism uses slotted discs, which are code parts. Used in padlocks.
Profile key - has high level secrecy, resists picks, easy to use. Has pins (active and passive), a large number of combinations.
The key of increased secrecy - in the manufacture of some models, 3D technologies are used. Mechanisms are hard to hack and require tools and training.

For modern locks with handles, the last two types of keys are more often used due to the high degree of reliability.

Mortise interior locks are most often used for interior doors of a private house or apartment. There are several types of these mechanisms with their own characteristics and varying degrees of functionality.

The mortise method of installing an interior lock hides its body in the door leaf. Such installation provides additional security, because the locking mechanism is securely fixed, it cannot be knocked down, it is difficult to crack.

Mortise lock- This is a locking mechanism that is installed in holes previously cut inside the door leaf. Its main part is located inside the web, and is not fixed with bolts on the outer surface, like overhead mechanisms.

Compared to products for entrance doors, the interior locking device is simpler, the emphasis in functionality is shifted to prompt closing / blocking, and not to increasing security.

Often, interior mortise locking devices are not equipped with a key, secret part, but are equipped with a latch lock only.

The principle of operation of the mechanisms is extremely simple. The handle goes down - the tongue comes out of the cell at the opposite end of the box - the door opens and, conversely, at the initial position of the lever - the tongue fixes it closed.

If the door is locked from the inside with a latch-lever, when turning the tongue or the lever itself, it is not just fixed, but locked in the closed position. The action of roller devices is as simplified as possible: they are slammed by means of a rotating spring-loaded roller instead of a tongue.

Types of interior mortise locks

There are three types of mortise interior locking mechanisms:

With one fail tongue (latch). Standard popular mechanism, no lock or key core. It does not block, but only fixes the “closed” position
A device equipped with a separate latch for additional locking from the inside (latch plus lock; inside a key, a turntable). On the outer part - a well or a plug. Usually they are used for bathrooms, toilets, living rooms, if the door needs to be urgently blocked without much reliability. Their variety is rotary round, less often square, oval knobs. This is a handle with a larva in the center
A mechanism equipped with a simple latch and a separate lock (full core). It is used for both entrance and interior doors (offices, rooms where valuables are stored). Its variety: the outer part with a hole for the key, and the inner part with a lever to make it easier to close from the inside without using a key.

Depending on tongue type:

Falevy. Conventional latch to hold doors closed
Roller. Instead of a tongue - a roller. Used for doors with a high intensity of opening / closing cycles
Magnetic
Sliding door mechanisms with hook tongues.

Views by location of functional parts:

Exterior details are decorated with a single overlay-plate
The handle, the block of a secret are issued by separate overlays.

The device of interior mortise locks

Types of mortise interior locks differ in their functionality. It depends on the presence of blockers, secret parts in their composition.

The considered locking devices consist of the following elements:

Planks: front, reciprocal
Pens
Latch (lever or key)
Bolt, tongue (roller, magnetic)
Inner part providing snap, lock
Cylinder, lever locks. For interior locking devices, they are used when a particularly reliable lock is needed.
Decorative, retaining lining on the outside and on the end of the door leaf
Retainer with spinner or lock key to lock.

Materials and Form Factor:

Handles: regular or round in the form of a ball, in the center of which there is a key hole
Material: alloys of steel, bronze, aluminium, copper, brass or cheap soft alloys. In some products, the tongues are made of plastic
Decorative parts (levers, lining) are made by stamping, forging, casting
One-piece or individual outer covers in a variety of designs.

Functions

Locking devices of the presented type perform the following tasks: opening/closing, locking and unlocking.

Mortise interior locks have the following options:

Holding in the “closed” position (mechanisms without a lock, magnetic, roller)
Interlocking from the inside with lock and pin
Two-sided locking with a key or a latch from the inside
Opening with a round handle (knob), equipped with one- or two-sided blocking by means of a turnkey larva located in its center.

Pros and cons of interior mortise locks

The indisputable advantage of the mortise installation method is a more reliable location in the canvas compared to overhead products. The lock is difficult to loosen, the design is stable.

Dignity knobs-latch knobs - efficiency. Disadvantage: the tongue can be pushed back by slipping a knife blade under it. Mechanisms with a conventional handle and a turntable lock without a secret part have the same drawback. The option when the latch does not block the lever itself, but the tongue is more reliable: the latch cannot be moved away with a knife blade or a similar object.

Some types of products - level, cylinder locks - are used for both entrance and interior doors. Another version of them is a cylinder lock, but on the outside the larva has a hole for a key, and on the inside on the same cylinder there is a lever. This mechanism is the most versatile interior door.

Advantages mortise products without a key are obvious: they simply and quickly open, lock in the closed position. Their disadvantage: the impossibility of reliable blocking.

Advantage mortise interior locks with magnetic tongues - noiselessness; roller - the most simple slamming. The position of the roller is adjustable. In magnetic mechanisms, the latch is retracted inward and does not slam when closing.

Application

If it is necessary that the product only hold the canvas closed and prevent it from opening with a draft, use simple mechanisms or a simple latch, without a core with a key.

Mechanisms equipped with a latch lock are popular for bathrooms, toilets, interior doors, if they need to be quickly and briefly blocked.

For special security (cabinets, pantries) there are mortise locks equipped with a cylinder or lever part, which can be opened with a key. There is a multifunctional version of the mechanism - a turnkey core and a latch. The user chooses: to block from both sides with a key or a blocker from the inside.

How to use

There are no special operating instructions and precautions when using mortise locking mechanisms. These devices are extremely easy to use.

Latched devices have a slotted plug on the outside. It is needed in order to open the door locked from the inside with a screwdriver in case of accidental slamming.

Faults

If the mechanism is defective and the tongue does not move, the force applied to the handle will not work - it will only damage the internal parts. In such cases, it is necessary to remove the locking device, disassemble it and check the inside.

A possible reason for the loose entry of the tongue into the reciprocal hole when the handle is fully pressed is the wear of the lever that sets the latch in motion. This failure is common in cheap soft metal locks or when the lever is often pushed too hard. To repair the mechanism, it is necessary to disassemble it and wind the wire around the worn part or replace it.

If the lever turns but the tongue does not move, the retaining part is broken. Exit: change the corresponding part.

Jamming, jamming of the key, handles, failure of the latch - the reason is always in the inside, except when the tongue is jammed due to skew or deformation of the canvas. In the first case, you will have to disassemble the mechanism, in the second, expand the groove for the crossbar or bring the door leaf into proper condition.

The reason for the breakage of the lamellar (lever) lock may be an extended spring, which pulls the plates. The mechanism must be disassembled and this part replaced.

Manufacturers and models of interior mortise locks

ABLOY

Finnish company. Products are mainly in the middle or high price range. Products certified, popular in the countries of the European region.

ABLOY 2014	ABLOY 2018	ABLOY 4238

Type
	Interiors, toilets, bathrooms	Interroom
Principle of operation
	Key lock (Euro cylinder), reversible latch	tongue roller, handle
Crossbar exit
11 mm	14 mm	5 mm
sideness
Universal, right/left	Universal, right/left	Universal, right/left
Equipment
Handle, guard, end plate, thumbturn, keep	Handle, guard, end plate rotary knob, keep	Handle, shield, end plate, strike plate
Center distance (A)
72 mm	72 mm	–
BackSet (removal of the well from the end plate of the lock)
45 mm	45 mm	–
opening
Key, rotary button	Key, rotary button	Pen

ABLOY 2014, 2018- ordinary inexpensive mortise locks on interior doors. Their advantage: they can be closed with a key or a latch.

ABLOY 4238 suitable for passage doors that do not require blocking (interiors in offices). In heavy doors, two latches are used: one with a handle, the other without it.

AGB (Alban Giacomo SpA)

Italian company. Production of an average, high price range. The model range of castles is diverse.

AGB CENTRO (brass)	AGB MEDIANA POLARIS WC (nickel)	AGB Scivola TT

Type
Interroom for eurocylinder	Interior, magnetic	For sliding structures
Principle of operation
Locking handle Cylinder lock, key (sold separately)	Handle, magnetic lock	Lock for latch, key and knobs
center distance
85 mm	96 mm	70 mm
BackSet (key hole removal)
50 mm	–	50 mm
Front plate width
18 mm		16 mm
Latch
Reverse	Magnetic, reverse	Tongue in the form of two hooks
Number of turns
1	–	1
Number of crossbars
1	–	1

- a sample of a traditional lock with a locking handle and, in addition to it, a cylinder locking mechanism, suitable for most interior doors.

AGB MEDIANA POLARIS WC- magnetic silent lock. These types of mechanisms are gaining popularity because of their quietness, ease of use.

AGB Scivola TT- lock on sliding doors. It is equipped with a locking mechanism, a secret, a latch.

NEMEF

Dutch manufacturer. Price matches high quality, reliable materials (steel, brass, aluminum, not cheap alloys).

	NEMEF D 147 WC	NEMEF D 147 PZ

Type
latch lock	Interroom, bathroom	Interior or for entrance doors
Principle of operation
Latch handle	Latch handle, optional keyless latch	Latch handle, cylinder lock (sold separately)
backset
50 mm	55 mm	55 mm
Crossbar exit
11 mm	10 mm	20 mm
Material
Stainless steel	Stainless steel	Stainless steel
End plate options
174/20 mm	235/20 mm	235/20 mm
sideness
Universal		Non-universal (there are left and right)
center distance
72 mm	78 mm	72 mm

- a latch without a lock with a key or an additional lock.

NEMEF D 147 WC- suitable for bathrooms, rooms where quick short-term door locking is required. It has a separate lock.

NEMEF D 147 PZ- mortise mechanism under the cylinder lock. It is used in interroom or entrance doors.

A mortise lock with a handle may differ in size, shape and material from which it is made. The door lock is, of course, an integral part of the house. This installation must be of high quality, durable, reliable. All locks are conditionally divided into three groups - mortise, overhead, hinged. A mortise lock for a doorway is chosen very often.

Types of locks with a handle

According to the type of mechanism, door locks are lever, disk, cylinder, biometric. The lever design includes components, including a secret detail. It is presented in a set of several plates, and together it is a reliable protection mechanism. Such a secret mechanism ensures the smooth operation of plates with figured cutouts; when opened, they are combined with protrusions where the key beard is.

The lock handle should be chosen depending on the style of the interior

The structure of the lever type, although it is simple, nevertheless, the principle of operation provides a high degree of reliability. However, this design still has a drawback. Namely, it is arranged in such a way that it has a large well size, that is, a potential thief has the opportunity to check his master keys.

But you should not worry if you decide to choose a lever lock. Today they produce not only simple models, but also mechanisms equipped with a special protective system. Therefore, burglars are unlikely to be able to get into the right grooves. And the mechanism, when crackers try to open it, is blocked by a master key.

Cylinder and disc locks

Cylinder locks are called so because the structure includes a cylinder. And the rotation of this cylinder, which means that the opening is carried out by turning at the base of the key. Such locks are often used in everyday life, someone calls them Soviet, which in this case means not modern, with a low degree of reliability.

You can’t call a disc lock modern, turning the key sets the discs in motion, that’s the whole scheme. But if it is a disk type with a handle, then its anti-burglary protection is not the worst.

Thus, disk and cylinder locks:

They are not modern models;
Their elements are reliable, but not so much that experienced burglars could not cope with the mechanism;
A thief can simply pull out the lock cylinder to open the locking device;
Therefore, you should not spend money on expensive models with a cylinder or disk mechanism, they are not worth it.

When buying a cylinder lock, you should ask the seller for documents confirming its quality

If you need an inexpensive lock, and you are going to put it where the probability of breaking is low, you can purchase something from cheap Chinese products. The elements are simple, it is easy to open / close, the assembly is simple. Looking at the sectional model of such locks, you can be sure that this is not the most reliable built-in mechanism.

Mortise interior lock: device and design

The scheme of such a lock is combined with a handle. That is, it is equipped not only with a latch, but also with an exit to the handle. It also sets the fall tongue in motion, this is due to its connection with the pivot pin. Mechanisms, depending on the type of handle, can be rotary round, push and type of knob.

The lock design of interior doors consists of:

shutter;
driving plate;
Lever;
Springs;
Latches;
Corps.

For interior doors, you can choose cheaper mortise locks than for entrance doors.

Interior door locks (or as this design is otherwise called - an internal lock) cannot be called a full-fledged locking structure. However, it is not the same as a front door lock. The interroom lock consists of the handle, decorative slips, a crossbar and the blocking mechanism. The details are that the larva of such a lock internal structure No. That is, it is not difficult to unlock the mechanism, and it is not so difficult to assemble / disassemble it.

Metal door lock

For input iron door(or wooden) constructions of the overhead type, built-in and mortise are used. Most modern locks are mortise structures. It is embedded inside the door leaf and can be connected to the handle.

You can't leave your front door without reliable locking fittings. The main part of the mortise model crashes into the door leaf. It turns out that only the keyhole comes out. The response part of such a call has the form of a plate, it crashes into the box opposite. This is how the mortise system is installed on any entrance doors.

Classification: types of keys for locks

The most common are English keys. But their reliability is low. The English lock has a flat key with tubercular cuts on one edge and a longitudinal dimple. At the same time, the rifling rests against small pins in the lock, and then they sink them to a certain depth.

When you buy a lock, you get several sets of keys.

It is impossible to call reliable and cross keys. Only there are more secrets on the blank of such a key. In English castles, only below the pins in the larva. But in the cross castle they are on four sides. Such keys have four edges, they resemble, if you look at the drawing, a screwdriver. Therefore, it is not difficult for a burglar to make a master key and open such a lock.

What are Finnish keys:

This is a half of a round rod, which is cut across, with shallow machined grooves;
This type of key lock is also not difficult to open;
On a strong iron rod, you can repeat the shape of the key without secrets, and even a novice burglar will make such a master key with his own hands.

The most reliable keys are lever and perforated. Small pits, notches, holes are applied to perforated keys. There are even keys with magnetic inserts and a floating pin. Hacking such a system is difficult, especially if the lock cylinder is protected by a special bracket, and perforated keys with the owner's secret card are included.

Detailed picture: English door lock

This is the most reliable cylinder lock. On the other hand, it is believed that he is not exposed to special risks, that is, they use it in everyday life. But on the other hand, the design is simple, it is easy to repair it.

The English castle is distinguished by excellent aesthetic qualities and reliability.

What are the advantages of an English castle:

If the keys are lost or the core is broken, it is not difficult to install a new core;
The lock is compact, as are the keys to it;
You can insert another core into one mechanism.

The disadvantages include the same modest protection indicators. Therefore, more often such a lock is used with additional security systems, of course, not with button-level designs, but with some kind of duplicating more reliable lock. And sometimes it makes sense to install power bolts on the front door.

Locking mechanism for a plastic door

The locking mechanism can be single-lock and multi-lock. A single-point lock has only one locking point, which means that it will not provide reliable protection and a snug fit for the door. The multi-lock design is a locking mechanism for two- or even three-point locking of the door.

Locks for plastic doors can be partially plastic or entirely metal. The latter option is more common, as it has high strength. Otherwise, the choice follows the same criteria: type of lock, mechanism, etc. It can be an auto-lock, and a lock that can only be closed with keys.

The locking mechanism for a plastic door can be bought in a specialized store or on the Internet.

Many experts assure that the point is not whether the castle is English, Finnish or French. Most reliable way protection lies in the combined locking system. When combined different types locks, then purely theoretically it will be very difficult for a burglar to quickly deal with them. For example, a cylinder lock and a lever lock are installed. You won't get off with one set of master keys here.

And even easier - put inside the usual good old latch. The latch is always easy to close. Yes, and this will be additional protection when the owner is at home.

Well, there are simple security rules: if there are three doors on the site, and yours looks the most expensive, this will not stop a burglar. He is not so afraid not to cope with the design, how not to try his luck to get into this, apparently rich apartment. And, of course, you do not need to show the keys in public, modern burglars can make a master key simply from a photo taken on the phone. Be careful and prudent.

Varieties of mortise locks with a handle for entrance doors (video)

A modern lock is equipped not only with a spring, a latch and other well-known elements, it can also be a device with a secret owner's card, etc. Because the choice is great, the question of opportunities and priorities.

Good luck and strong locks!

Attachment design

The simplest locking door structures that do not harm the sash during installation and installation are overhead locks with a latch. Such mechanisms are installed on the inside of the door directly on the canvas, therefore, for the level of protection plays important role and massiveness of the door.

The overhead lock is designed so that it can be opened with a key or from the inside using a special rotary element. To increase the reliability of the mechanism, additional elements such as a safety valve or a wedge latch are often used. Like any similar lock, overhead locking mechanisms with a latch characterize the following indicators:

secrecy;
reliability;
burglary resistance.

It is these criteria that are the main ones that you should be guided by when choosing and buying a good lock for an interior door or entrance door. In order to get acquainted with the locking overhead mechanism in more detail, consider the lock device, which includes the following elements:

housing with a locking mechanism (latch);
drive lever;
front plate;
reply part.

The structure of mortise and overhead locking devices is not much different from each other, but there are still differences in the types of secrecy mechanism, design and the presence of a latch or handle. Therefore, for comparison, consider another type of construction.

Structural features of the mortise device

Another popular model is mortise locks with a handle. These are practical, ergonomic and user-friendly devices. There are lever and cylinder types of such mechanisms.

Door lock design

Such a castle is also good because its design is inconspicuous, so it will not spoil appearance doors, but at the same time will be able to protect the room from unwanted penetration. When choosing such a device with a handle, you should pay attention to the following parameters:

secrecy;
construction;
material of manufacture;
manufacturer.

The whole structure is able to fit inside the door leaf, leaving only handles and keyholes on the surface on both sides, which complicates the task of intruders. The mortise device has the following components (see photo):

face plate;
deadbolt latch mechanism;
frame;
drive lever;
main bolt.

Such a device is well suited for almost any door. The body of the mortise lock with the locking mechanism is installed in the niche of the door leaf, and the side plate with the handle is attached to both sides of it.

Fixation of the door in the closed position is carried out due to the crossbars that are pulled out of the body - latches. And what more quantity the last elements, the more reliable the protection of the premises. A mortise lock is relatively easy to install - you can install it yourself, without the involvement of specialists.

In the classification according to the method of fastening to the door, locking devices are divided into 3 types:

invoices;
mortise;
built-in.

Depending on the location, types of secret and bolts, the lock mechanism also varies. Devices for entrance and for interior doors are similar only in some principle of operation, but in structure they are different elements.

The generalized scheme has the following structure:

Body and panel.
Mask (secret mechanism).
Crossbars (retractable bolts).
executive device.

Models are common that include a latch latch (tongue) and a handle. Regardless of the method of fastening, there are always two components: a secret system that recognizes the key, and an executive component that implements the ability to lock.

Structural door lock mechanism

There are the following types of secrets:

Cylinder. Elements that prevent breaking the lock are placed inside the cylinder. When the key is immersed in the keyhole, the grooves on it are in contact with the pins, moving them to the level necessary to shift the cylinder.
Suvaldny. Inside are complex shape plates, spring-loaded and placed in one block. The "safe" key, characteristic of this mechanism, has as many teeth as you need to move the lever, the combination of which is individual for each device.
Disk. The key in cross section is almost a semicircle with several notches. Inside the secret there are discs that, when rotated, release the locking mechanism of the door lock.
Combined. May be present at the same time different kinds secrets. There are versions in which the lever part is placed in the cylinder, which provides better protection from hacking.

In terms of actuators, mechanical, electromagnetic and electromechanical principles of closure are distinguished. The most popular is the first option, the work of which is based on the entry of a metal rod from the door into a special groove in the frame.

How does a lever-type door lock work?

The main element that provides protection against force breaking is the deadbolt shank stand. The gap between it and the code groove directly affects the protection function.

The amount of levers determines the time that can be spent breaking the door. The most used is the variant with six plates. But the more of them, the more reliable. Proper operation is provided by springs that allow the levers to return to their original position.

Armored plates cover the most vulnerabilities, and the front side with a frame is not only an element of decor, but also protection against force breaking.

The principle of operation of the door lock with a lever secret

The mechanism is based on a set of plates, which have curly cutouts.

The opening scheme is quite simple: the key with its teeth builds these levers into a certain position, which allows you to arrange a turn and open the system. If at least one of the plates does not fall into its groove, then the mechanism will remain closed.

The key is the carrier of the code for building the desired combination of plates, and high degree sufficient reliability is provided large sizes devices and the presence of armor protection. It is very difficult to hack such a system by force.

What are the features of the cylinder type

IN general scheme The design of this type of door lock has the following structure:

disguise;
bolt and bolt-latch;
case and front frame;
latch control lever;
striker, into which the crossbars are immersed when locking.

The cylinder inside the box is "frozen" with code pins. When immersed in the lock slot of the key, it performs the task of arranging their placement in the required positions, obtaining such a separation line that allows you to unlock the larva and move the crossbars.

Installing a lock on a door

The ability to attach a locking device with your own hands depends on its type and complexity, as well as the material of the door leaf. There are models that are already supplied with pockets for a certain type of deadbolt. And if it's about wooden door and the need to install an internal door lock with your own hands, you will have to cut out the appropriate holes in it, making accurate measurements and calculations. It is still recommended to contact specialists for installation.

How to make a door lock

There are craftsmen who like to build something non-standard with their own hands. They will come up with an interesting mechanism for the door. The easiest option is to make a regular bolt from improvised means. But there are mechanisms much more complicated. You can independently make parts of a door lock or a whole electromechanical locking device.

Alternatively, it could have the following structure:

bolt;
an actuator from a car lock;
remote control with a keyboard (or other type of secret);
power unit;
a certain set of electronics and components (you can use the Arduino platform and the like).

If you need to make a lock for the box with your own hands, then you can get by with the usual mechanical design in the form of a latch. Or buy ready-made fittings, but install it yourself.

The range of stores in Moscow, and in other cities, allows you to find any details, so if you wish, you can not only build the heck yourself, but also a whole door locking mechanism with coded access or even a fingerprint sensor.