1.3. JUNGLE SURVIVAL The "primordial" jungle is easily recognizable by the abundance of giant trees. The tops of these trees form a dense canopy over 100 feet above the ground. There is little light or undergrowth under this canopy. It is difficult to move in such a jungle, but it is possible. The "primary" jungle in many areas has been cleared of vegetation so that agriculture can be practiced. This land, if cleansed and left untreated, becomes a jungle again; it turns into a solid carpet of dense shrubs and climbing plants. This is a "secondary" jungle, and it is much more difficult to cross them than "primary" ones. More than half of the land in the tropics is cultivated in one way or another, and it is also allotted for allotments. This is primarily associated with the production of rubber, tea, coconuts. If you get to the plantation, keep an eye on the people who look after the crop - they can help you. During tropical rains, the "primary" or "secondary" jungle is an unpleasant place to live or move around. Dry, bushy terrain is more open than humid jungle, but it is difficult to navigate due to the lack of topographic landmarks, population and roads. However, you can navigate them using the compass, with patience and common sense. 1.3.1. Movement Movement in the jungle can be done safely if you don’t panic. If you are left alone in the jungle, depending on the circumstances, first of all you need to relax and analyze the situation. You must: - define more precisely general direction movement to a safe place. If there is no compass, use the sun and watch as aids to determine direction; - take a supply of water and food; - move in one direction, but not in a straight line. Go around obstacles, avoid fighting with them. Take advantage of natural shelters and shelters in enemy territory; - Regardless of the speed of movement, every hour it is recommended to make a 10 - 15-minute stop for a short rest and preparation of equipment. After about 5-6 hours, a big halt is made. 1.5-2 hours will be enough to gain strength, prepare hot food or tea, tidy up shoes and clothes; - in order not to stray from the route, even with a compass, every 50-100 m you should outline a noticeable landmark; - there are certain ways to move around the jungle; neglecting them only leads to scars and scratches. Work your shoulders, hips, bend, squat or straighten, speed up or slow down as needed. 1.3.2. Refuge * Choice of location *. 1) Try to choose a parking place on a high, open area, away from swamps. Here mosquitoes will not pester you, the land will be drier and more likely that the place will be blown by the breeze. 2) In the mountain jungle, the nights are cold. Avoid windy places. 3) Avoid dry river beds. Sometimes, after rains that have passed so far away from you that you do not even suspect that it has rained, they can fill up with water for several hours. * Type of refuge *. The type of shelter you build depends on the time you have available to build it and whether it will be permanent or temporary. As a refuge in the jungle, there can be: - a simple shelter made of a parachute thrown over a rope or a liana stretched between two trees; - a shelter made of an A-shaped frame and covered with a thick layer of palm or other tree leaves, pieces of bark or bundles of herbs. Cover the roof at an angle with leaves, like tiles, from top to bottom. This type of shelter is considered ideal because it can be made completely waterproof. To do this, use the wide leaves of a young banana tree. Build a fire pit on a flat stone, or on a lined of flat small stones. When the stones are well heated, lay a sheet on top of them and let it turn black and glossy. In this state, the sheet becomes more waterproof and durable and can be used for roofing. After the shelter is ready, dig a small drainage groove at the bottom of the hill that will provide you with a dry floor. *Bed*. Do not sleep on the ground: make yourself a bed of bamboo or small branches, covering them with palm leaves. A hammock made from a parachute can replace a bed. You can make a hard cover from tree branches, ferns: dead tree bark is still better than nothing. 1.3.3. Water Finding water in the jungle is not difficult: - water from a clean stream with fast flow, with stones - a good source of drinking and washing water. Before drinking the water, make it drinkable by boiling or chemically treating it; - enough clean water can be obtained from muddy streams or lakes by digging a hole 1-6 feet in the ground from the edge of the shore. Let the water seep and the dirt settle; - water from tropical streams, creeks and swamps can be drunk only after it has been processed; - water can be obtained from grapes and other plants. Bamboo shoots and grapes are good sources of water. Coconuts, especially when green, provide milk juice that is both enjoyable and nutritious when consumed in small portions. Sugar syrup can be obtained by cutting off the flower threads. Coconuts are available throughout the year. Sugar syrup can be obtained from tree growths, fruits of other palm trees. 1.3.4. Food There is an abundance of food in the jungle. But some species are poisonous. Any food eaten by monkeys is generally safe for humans. * Never eat fruits and vegetables raw unless they are completely peeled. Cook all vegetables before eating *. *A fish*. There are some representatives in tropical waters. poisonous fish, but mostly many of their varieties are edible. The safest fish to eat is one that has been caught on the high seas or deep behind the reefs. For survival, a person can use shellfish, snails, snakes, lobsters, sea ​​urchins and little octopuses. 1) Eat only small pieces of fish. If there are no negative consequences, you can safely continue to eat fish. 2) Tropical fish spoil quickly and should be eaten immediately after harvest. * Never eat the insides or caviar of any tropical fish *. 3) Commonly known fishing methods are likely to prove successful in the jungle. *Plants*. Some plant species are poisonous and should be avoided. 1) White mangrove or "blinding" tree. This plant is found in swamps, river estuaries or along the coast. When touched, the juice forms blisters. You can go blind if the juice gets into your eyes. 2) Cow bush. This plant is usually found in thickets and bushy areas, but never in a regular forest. Flower petals and pods are irritating. Blindness can result from contact with the eyes. 3) Western Celtis. This plant is very common, especially in and near ponds. It is poisonous and causes a burning sensation if touched. 4) Datura smelly. It is a weed characteristic of abandoned and cultivated land. All parts of this plant, especially the seeds, are poisonous. 5) Pungi. This plant is found mainly in the Malay jungle. Its seeds contain hydrocyanic acid. It is dangerous raw, but it can be eaten if it is fried. 6) Laxative nut. The seeds of this plant act as a powerful laxative. 7) Castor oil plant. This plant looks like a bush, is often found in thickets and in open places, has poisonous seeds and acts as a powerful laxative. 8) Vomit root. This plant is found in abundance in all tropical zones... It has an appetizing white or yellow fruit (it looks like a small orange), it is very common in Southeast Asia. The fruit has an extremely bitter pulp and seeds containing a highly toxic poison. 1.3.5. Clothing If the body is not fully covered, it becomes vulnerable to insect bites, cuts and scrapes. You must have: - Loose and long enough clothing to tuck into gloves and socks; - clothing strong enough to withstand wear in harsh conditions; - head mosquito nets and thorn-proof gloves; - pockets for carrying essential items - maps, compass, matches; - army uniforms provide special footwear for the jungle. These are the best jungle shoes. 1.3.6. Health * General Provisions*. Do not assume that you will be able to get away from the enemy and stay alive in the jungle areas if you do not support physical fitness... Even in ideal conditions it is difficult, but the chances can be increased by following some common sense rules. 1) Take your time. Never try to beat the jungle with speed - it is impossible. 2) Avoid climbing high places, unless it is related to determining the direction of travel. When crossing flat terrain, prefer workarounds. 3) Watch your feet, change and wash your socks more often. Protect your shoes from cracks and decay by greasing them. 4) If you have a fever, do not try to move. Wait for the temperature to drop. Drink plenty of water. 5) Ticks, leeches, mosquitoes, insects and other parasites are a real threat to your health and safety. Deal with them using insect repellent or avoiding areas where they are especially abundant. 6) Avoid infections. In conditions of tropical heat and humidity, wounds are highly susceptible to infection. Try to protect the wound or sore by covering it with a clean bandage. Sterilize the dressing if possible. 7) Prevent fatigue from heat, cramps and heatstroke by replenishing water and salt depletion from perspiration. Drink plenty of usable water, if you have salt, stir 2 salt tablets in a jar of water. If you feel heat effect, rest in the shade and drink half a jar of this salted water every 15 minutes. Continue this treatment until you feel better. Avoid sunburn. 8) A constant danger in the jungle is represented by countless thorns, fragments of branches sticking out in different directions, saw-like edges of the leaves of the pandanus palm. Even minor abrasions and scratches caused by them are easily infected, festering, if they are not immediately lubricated with iodine or alcohol. Cuts made by razor-sharp edges of split bamboo trunks and stems of some herbs do not heal especially for a long time. 9) When swimming in tropical rivers or crossing them ford can be attacked by crocodiles. In South American reservoirs, piranhas are no less dangerous - small, human-sized fish of black, yellowish or purple color, with large scales, as if showered with sparkles. The smell of blood causes an aggressive reflex in piranhas, and, having attacked the victim, they do not calm down until only one skeleton remains of it.

http://sava011.narod.ru/security/glava03-1.htm


Useful Tips for safety. How to avoid troubles with transport

Helpful safety tips. How to secure an apartment from theft

Helpful safety tips. How to behave when attacked by hooligans

Helpful safety tips. How to survive in prison (do not promise, it is better to know in advance)

Helpful safety tips. How to behave during arrest

Helpful safety tips. How to overcome fear

Helpful safety tips. How to survive in cold areas

In the dense abyss of the jungle, there is a lot of danger, which more than once surpassed human capabilities and attempts. to survive.

But by taking note of all the guidelines listed below, you can not only resist the wild conditions of the jungle, but also return home safe and sound.

As sad as it sounds, but, alas and ah, you are lost in the jungle. As the saying goes, tears will not help the cause, it's time to move on to decisive actions to survive:

2. Find food.

3. Find / Build a shelter.

4. Move in one direction.

5. Ensure safety.

Let's talk about each of the points in more detail.

1. Find a source of drinking water.

Unlike the dry desert climate, jungle forests are humid, so finding water is easy. So the sources drinking water will be:

Rain in the jungle is not uncommon. A funnel can be made from large plant leaves to collect rainwater. But before using it, it is better to boil the water in order to kill all the bacteria it contains. A tin / aluminum can works well for this.

Bamboo stems:

When it rains, bamboo collects some water. Tilt the stem of the bamboo so that the water flows into the container provided for this.

Solar water collector:

Step 1: Dig a hole in the ground.

Step 2: Place a container in the center of the pit to collect water.

Step 3: Fill the area around the container with something damp, such as wet leaves.

Step 4: Cover the hole with a plastic sheet, placing stones along the edges.

Step 5: Place a small rock in the center of the sheet, just above the water collecting container.
Step 6: Condensed water will collect on inside leaf and slide to its center, filling the container with distilled drinking water.

2. Find food:

As you know, a huge number of plants grow in the jungle and no fewer animals live, so anything can become a source of food for survival. The only thing to decide is how to get it. Here are some good tips:

Hunting / Traps:

Don't waste your energy on hunting if you haven't done it before. Better to set traps and save energy for other moments. survival... To increase your chances of having something edible on your table for dinner, let's set up some traps in different places thus:

Step 1: Find three branches and a heavy stone.

Step 2: Make a few notches on the sticks, as in the picture below.

Step 3: Hold the rock with your hand while setting the "A" and "C" sticks.

Step 4: When the stone has been propped up with sticks "A" and "C", set the trigger stick "B".

Step 5: Gently release the structure.

Step 6: When a bird or small animal tries to take the bait, the trigger stick will fall, and the stone will cover the victim with a fatal blow.

Fishing:

If you find a river or stream in the jungle, consider that you have another food source in front of you, which is full of fish. And in order to catch it, it will be more convenient to use a spear with four prongs, which we will try to make now:

Step 2: Place the smaller branches at a 45-degree angle along the entire length of the large branch on both sides.

Step 3: Cover the structure with foliage.

4. Travel / Rest:

If you are not sure that they will soon be looking for you, start the operation of your own rescue yourself. To do this, move in the jungle only during the daytime, but sleep at night. With the aim of survival try to go only in one direction and memorize any objects along the way in order to exclude fermentation in a circle.

Also pay attention to whether any animal has left footprints. If you see any, look where they lead. They can often lead you to a source of water or an open area where it will be easier for the rescue team to locate you.

By the way, to move through the dense thickets of the jungle, it would be good to stock up on a cane made from an ordinary tree branch. It will come in handy not only for clearing your path from encountered plants, but will also become a lifesaver and help you get out of the loose sands.

5. Security

In the jungle, regardless of their location, there are predatory animals, so it is wise to always be on the alert. It is best to move through the jungle slowly, without sudden movements and creating unnecessary noise. Do not forget to look under your feet, so as not to accidentally step on the snake. If you don't have any weapon, you can use a self-made spear as it for self-defense.

Jungle survival threats are also threatened by mosquitoes and other poisonous insects... For example, mosquitoes carry diseases such as malaria, dengue and yellow fever.

If you do not have insect repellent, you can use the following methods to help keep yourself from getting bitten:

  • Wear clothes with long sleeves and pants;
  • Apply dirt to unprotected places;
  • Build a headdress from a shirt;
  • Before putting on a shirt or shoes, check them carefully for spiders and insects.

How to survive in the jungle

But by taking note of all the guidelines listed below, you can not only resist the wild conditions of the jungle, but also return home safe and sound.

As sad as it sounds, but, alas and ah, you are lost in the jungle. As the saying goes, tears will not help the cause, it's time to move on to decisive actions to survive:

3. Find / Build a shelter.

4. Move in one direction.

5. Ensure safety.

Let's talk about each of the points in more detail.

1. Find a source of drinking water.

Unlike the dry desert climate, jungle forests are humid, so finding water is easy. So, the sources of drinking water will be:

Rain in the jungle is not uncommon. A funnel can be made from large plant leaves to collect rainwater. But before using it, it is better to boil the water in order to kill all the bacteria it contains. A tin / aluminum can works well for this.

When it rains, bamboo collects some water. Tilt the stem of the bamboo so that the water flows into the container provided for this.

Solar water collector:

Step 1: Dig a hole in the ground.

Step 2: Place a container in the center of the pit to collect water.

Step 3: Fill the area around the container with something damp, such as wet leaves.

Step 4: Cover the hole with a plastic sheet, placing stones along the edges.

Step 5: Place a small rock in the center of the sheet, just above the water collecting container.
Step 6: Condensed water will accumulate on the inside of the leaf and slide towards its center, filling the container with distilled drinking water.

2. Find food:

As you know, a huge number of plants grow in the jungle and no fewer animals live, so anything can become a source of food for survival. The only thing to decide is how to get it. Here are some good tips:

Don't waste your energy on hunting if you haven't done it before. Better to set traps and save energy for other moments of survival. To increase your chances of having something edible on your table for dinner, let's set up a few traps in different places like this:

Step 1: Find three branches and a heavy stone.

Step 2: Make a few notches on the sticks, as in the picture below.

Step 3: Hold the rock with your hand while setting the "A" and "C" sticks.

Step 4: When the stone has been propped up with sticks "A" and "C", set the trigger stick "B".

Step 5: Gently release the structure.

Step 6: When a bird or small animal tries to take the bait, the trigger stick will fall, and the stone will cover the victim with a fatal blow.

If you find a river or stream in the jungle, consider that you have another food source in front of you, which is full of fish. And in order to catch it, it will be more convenient to use a spear with four prongs, which we will try to make now:

Step 1: Choose a suitable bamboo trunk for your future spear.

Step 2: Using a knife, cut the end of the bamboo stick into four pieces, making four prongs.

Step 3: Using a rope or climbing plant stem, separate each prong from each other. Your fishing tool is ready!

Before eating any fruit, you should rely on your experience: eat only the fruit that you are sure of edibility and safety. Fruits and plants that you haven't seen before can be poisonous.

3. Find / Build a Shelter:

Needless to say, how important the role of a refuge is if you are alone under open air... Therefore, we will not rant for a long time about this and will immediately get down to business.

How to build a canopy shelter:

Step 1: Find a large branch and lean it against the tree.

Step 2: Place the smaller branches at a 45-degree angle along the entire length of the large branch on both sides.

Step 3: Cover the structure with foliage.

4. Travel / Rest:

If you are not sure that they will soon be looking for you, start the operation of your own rescue yourself. To do this, move in the jungle only during the daytime, but sleep at night. For the purpose of survival, try to go only in one direction and remember any objects along the way in order to exclude wandering in a circle.

Also pay attention to whether any animal has left footprints. If you see any, look where they lead. They can often lead you to a source of water or an open area where it will be easier for the rescue team to locate you.

By the way, to move through the dense thickets of the jungle, it would be good to stock up on a cane made from an ordinary tree branch. It will come in handy not only for clearing your path from encountered plants, but will also become a lifesaver and help you get out of the loose sands.

5. Security

In the jungle, regardless of their location, there are predatory animals, so it is wise to always be on the alert. It is best to move through the jungle slowly, without sudden movements and creating unnecessary noise. Do not forget to look under your feet, so as not to accidentally step on the snake. If you don't have any weapon, you can use a self-made spear as it for self-defense.

Jungle survival is also threatened by mosquitoes and other poisonous insects. For example, mosquitoes carry diseases such as malaria, dengue and yellow fever.

If you do not have insect repellent, you can use the following methods to help keep yourself from getting bitten:

  • Wear clothes with long sleeves and pants;
  • Apply dirt to unprotected places;
  • Build a headdress from a shirt;
  • Before putting on a shirt or shoes, check them carefully for spiders and insects.

When planning a trip, be sure to tell your friends exactly where you are going when you return. If with you, something does not go as planned, they will miss you and be able to notify the appropriate structures that will start searching.
- Before going on a trip, prepare thoroughly. Get basic geographic information about the region you are going to, and get to know the local flora and fauna. Depending on the terrain conditions, take the appropriate equipment, tools, and of course the right clothing
and shoes.
- Restraint and good calculation. If you get lost, first think where it is better to go, and then go.
Tired - take a break. Hungry, look for something edible. The task is to be in good physical and mental health. After an unusually long fasting, the body will become very weak and the chances of a good outcome will be less and less.
- Don't be discouraged. Remember the stories of how people managed to get out of the most hopeless situations and the most extreme places. Don't underestimate yourself. You are not the first and you are not the last. Others have done it, so you can do it too.

The best advice for a person lost in the desert is to hide in the shade and wait for help. If there is no chance that they will miss you and look for you, then you will have to actively act.
- The main danger in the desert, heatstroke and dehydration occur quickly. First of all, you need to take care of your head. Cover your head with a light-colored cloth, it will reflect the sun's rays. Take off your dark clothes, but do not undress at all, otherwise you will get the strongest sunburn... Do not throw away the removed clothes, they may come in handy at night. The air temperature in the desert at night can drop to 5 degrees, and in especially remote parts from the sea it can reach minus.
- It is very important to find running water. Stagnant water in such places is almost always polluted by the decaying corpses of animals that have come to the "deadly" watering hole, pathogenic bacteria. Such water can be drunk only after distillation or at least after filtration and long boiling.
- Plants will be a sign that there is water nearby.

An unpleasant feature of the jungle is its very dense vegetation, which makes movement very difficult and dangerous. And also the availability a large number insects and dangerous animals, snakes. It is more difficult to die of hunger here, but you need to be as careful and attentive as possible.

Look for a river or lake, there will most likely be people. You can find water by looking at especially dense vegetation by looking at it from the top of a tall tree.

Walking in the jungle is dangerous, so watch your step. It is easy to sprawl, tripping over a log, or getting tangled in a vine if you are not careful.

In the jungle, it is pointless to waste energy hunting or setting traps, because there are so many edible plants. Before going on a hike, study the edible plants in the area.

Find out which animals can be found and which ones can be life-threatening.

Determine your location on a sunny day, you can understand where is which side of the world using the "stick and shadow" method. Find a stick, stick it into the ground and notice where the shadow falls. Make a mark and wait 15 minutes. Again make a mark, draw a straight line between them, this will be the direction from east to west. Also, the direction can be determined by the moss, by the thicker branches on the trees.
- Often, dew collects on leaves and pine needles during the night, so if you lack moisture it could save your life. If you are lucky enough to get enough food, make sure that nothing is left undiscovered, otherwise there is a risk that bears or other predators will come to feast on the remains.
- If you do not swim well, but you need to overcome a water obstacle, look for a log with its help, you can swim across a small lake or river.

The main threat to the life of skiers in the mountains is avalanches. Therefore, heading to such an area, you need to take with you a beeper device that emits a radio signal). Turn it on, so that rescuers can find you in the event of a blockage or avalanche.
- Snow can tell if an avalanche is coming. Check with ski pole, dense snow or loose. If it's tight, it's okay. If it's stable when hit with a stick, that's okay. If it settles, it is a danger signal.
- Glaciers are natural signposts. If you go down them, you will get out of the mountains to a more comfortable area.



- The air temperature in the mountains can drop significantly. For example, in Alaska, it can reach 60 degrees below zero, and you risk getting frostbite. Keep your limbs as warm as possible. The signal for frostbite is waxy skin, redness and then blackening of the skin.

The basics of survival in all conditions

Don't eat raw food

You shouldn't take risks with food. Before you eat anything, cook or fry your impromptu breakfast, lunch, or dinner and boil the water. Worms and various worms that are throughout freshwater fish if they don't kill you, you can get rid of them on your return home. But you can pick up some harmful bacteria or sticks from the meat of wild animals or dirty water and get very sick
quickly. And in the middle of the taiga or the desert, no one will take you to the hospital.

Save your energy

Breathe through your nose, this will conserve more energy. When you breathe through your mouth, you lose more moisture, and it can be badly needed. If possible, rest with closed eyes... This will help you to rest better and faster, and will also save a lot of energy, since a person spends a lot of energy on vision.

Count the days, hours

To keep from going crazy alone, just keep track of the days. If you don't, your brain will start joking with you.

Stay slightly hungry

Eat as much as you need to stay healthy. Do not fill your stomach, eating your fill, so you will not only waste precious food supplies, but you will also feel tired.

Celebrate your movement

Don't rely on your memory. Make notches in trees, break branches, whatever, so that you can then come back and not get lost. Or, on the contrary, it is understood that you have already been here and are moving in a circle.

Find shelter

Find a secluded spot where you can hide from the sun, blowing wind or cold to your bones. You can hide in the shade of trees, a quarry or in an uninhabited cave. At night, you need to build a hut from branches.

JUNGLE SURVIVAL

The “primordial” jungle is easily recognizable by the abundance of giant trees. The tops of these trees form a dense canopy over 100 feet above the ground. There is little light or undergrowth under this canopy. It is difficult to move in such a jungle, but it is possible.

The "primary" jungle in many areas has been cleared of vegetation in order to be able to practice agriculture... This land, if cleansed and left untreated, becomes a jungle again; it turns into a solid carpet of dense shrubs and climbing plants. This is a "secondary" jungle, and it is much more difficult to cross them than "primary". More than half of the land in the tropics is cultivated in one way or another, and it is also allotted for allotments. This is primarily associated with the production of rubber, tea, coconuts. If you get to the plantation, keep an eye on the people who look after the crop - they can help you.

During tropical rains, the “primary” or “secondary” jungle is an unpleasant place to live or move around. Dry, bushy terrain is more open than wet jungle, but getting around it is difficult due to the lack of topographic landmarks, population and roads. However, you can navigate them using the compass, with patience and common sense.

Movement

Jungle travel can be done safely if you don't panic. If you are left alone in the jungle, depending on the circumstances, first of all you need to relax and analyze the situation. You must: determine more precisely the general direction of travel to a safe place. If there is no compass, use the sun and watch as aids to determine direction; take a supply of water and food; move in one direction, but not in a straight line. Go around obstacles, avoid fighting with them. Take advantage of natural shelters and shelters in enemy territory; Regardless of the speed of movement, it is recommended to make a 10-15-minute stop every hour for a short rest and preparation of equipment. After about 5-6 hours, a big halt is made. 1.5-2 hours will be enough to gain strength, prepare hot food or tea, tidy up shoes and clothes; in order not to stray from the route, even with a compass, a noticeable landmark should be outlined every 50-100 m; there are certain ways of getting around the jungle; neglecting them only leads to scars and scratches. Work your shoulders, hips, bend, squat or straighten, speed up or slow down as needed.

Asylum

Choosing a place.

1) Try to choose a parking place on a high, open area, away from swamps. Here mosquitoes will not pester you, the land will be drier and more likely that the place will be blown by the breeze.

2) In the mountain jungle, the nights are cold. Avoid windy places.

3) Avoid dry river beds. Sometimes, after rains that have passed so far away from you that you do not even suspect that it has rained, they can fill up with water for several hours. Asylum type... The type of shelter you build depends on the time you have available to build it and whether it will be permanent or temporary. As a refuge in the jungle, there can be: a simple shelter made from a parachute thrown over a rope or liana stretched between two trees; a shelter made of an A-shaped frame and covered with a thick layer of palm or other tree leaves, pieces of bark, or bundles of herbs. Cover the roof at an angle with leaves, like tiles, from top to bottom. This type of shelter is considered ideal because it can be made completely waterproof. To do this, use the wide leaves of a young banana tree. Build a fire pit on a flat stone, or on a lined of flat small stones. When the stones are well heated, lay a sheet on top of them and let it turn black and glossy. In this state, the sheet becomes more waterproof and durable and can be used for roofing. After the shelter is ready, dig a small drainage groove at the bottom of the hill that will provide you with a dry floor.

Bed... Do not sleep on the ground: make yourself a bed of bamboo or small branches, covering them with palm leaves. A hammock made from a parachute can replace a bed. You can make a hard cover from tree branches, ferns: dead tree bark is still better than nothing.

Water

Finding water in the jungle is not difficult:

water from a clean stream with a fast flow, with stones - a good source of drinking and washing water. Before drinking the water, make it drinkable by boiling or chemically treating it; fairly clear water can be obtained from muddy streams or lakes by digging a hole in the ground 1-6 feet from the edge of the shore. Let water seep and dirt settle; water from tropical streams, creeks and swamps can be drunk only after it has been processed; water can be obtained from grapes and other plants. Bamboo shoots and grapes are good sources of water. Coconuts, especially when green, provide milk juice that is both enjoyable and nutritious when consumed in small portions. Sugar syrup can be obtained by cutting off the flower threads. Coconuts are available throughout the year. Sugar syrup can be obtained from tree growths, fruits of other palm trees.

Food

There is an abundance of food in the jungle. But some species are poisonous.

Any food eaten by monkeys is generally safe for humans. * Never eat fruits and vegetables raw unless they are completely peeled. Cook all vegetables before eating *. A fish... There are some poisonous fish in tropical waters, but generally many of them are edible. The safest fish to eat is one that has been caught on the high seas or deep behind the reefs. For survival, people can use shellfish, snails, snakes, lobsters, sea urchins and small octopuses as food on the coast.

1) Eat only small pieces of fish. If there are no negative consequences, you can safely continue to eat fish.

2) Tropical fish spoil quickly and should be eaten immediately after being caught. * Never eat the insides or caviar of any tropical fish *.

3) Commonly known fishing methods are likely to prove successful in the jungle.

Plants ... Some plant species are poisonous and should be avoided. 1) White mangrove or "blinding" tree. This plant is found in swamps, river estuaries or along the coast. When touched, the juice forms blisters. You can go blind if the juice gets into your eyes.

2) Cow bush. This plant is usually found in thickets and bushy areas, but never in a regular forest. Flower petals and pods are irritating. Blindness can result from contact with the eyes.

3) Western Celtis. This plant is very common, especially in and near ponds. It is poisonous and causes a burning sensation if touched.

4) Datura smelly. It is a weed characteristic of abandoned and cultivated land. All parts of this plant, especially the seeds, are poisonous.

5) Pungi. This plant is found mainly in the Malay jungle. Its seeds contain hydrocyanic acid. It is dangerous raw, but it can be eaten if it is fried.

6) Laxative nut. The seeds of this plant act as a powerful laxative.

7) Castor oil plant. This plant looks like a bush, is often found in thickets and in open places, has poisonous seeds and acts as a powerful laxative.

8) Vomit root. This plant is found in abundance in all tropical areas. It has an appetizing white or yellow fruit (it looks like a small orange), it is very common in Southeast Asia. The fruit has an extremely bitter pulp and seeds containing a highly toxic poison.

Cloth

If the body is not fully covered, it becomes vulnerable to insect bites, cuts and scrapes. You must have: Loose and long enough clothing to tuck into gloves and socks; clothing strong enough to withstand harsh conditions; head mosquito nets and thorn-proof gloves; pockets for carrying essential items - maps, compass, matches; army uniforms provide special jungle footwear. These are the best jungle shoes.

Health

General Provisions... Do not think that you will be able to get away from the enemy and stay alive in the jungle areas if you do not keep fit. Even under ideal conditions this is difficult, but the chances can be increased by following some common sense rules.

1) Take your time. Never try to beat the jungle with speed - it is impossible.

2) Avoid climbing high places, unless it is related to determining the direction of travel. When crossing flat terrain, prefer workarounds.

3) Watch your feet, change and wash your socks more often. Protect your shoes from cracks and decay by greasing them.

4) If you have a fever, do not try to move.

6) Avoid infections. In conditions of tropical heat and humidity, wounds are highly susceptible to infection. Try to protect the wound or sore by covering it with a clean bandage. Sterilize the dressing if possible.

7) Prevent fatigue from heat, cramps and heatstroke by replenishing water and salt depletion from perspiration. Drink plenty of usable water, if you have salt, stir 2 salt tablets in a jar of water. If you feel the effect of the heat, rest in the shade and drink half a jar of this salted water every 15 minutes. Continue this treatment until you feel better. Avoid sunburn.

8) A constant danger in the jungle is represented by countless thorns, fragments of branches sticking out in different directions, saw-like edges of the leaves of the pandanus palm. Even minor abrasions and scratches caused by them are easily infected, festering, if they are not immediately lubricated with iodine or alcohol. Cuts made by razor-sharp edges of split bamboo trunks and stems of some herbs do not heal especially for a long time.

9) When swimming in tropical rivers or wading them, you can be attacked by crocodiles. In South American reservoirs, piranhas are no less dangerous - small, human-sized fish of black, yellowish or purple color, with large scales, as if showered with sparkles. The smell of blood causes an aggressive reflex in piranhas, and, having attacked the victim, they do not calm down until only one skeleton remains of it.