The Amazon is moving at a speed of 15 km/h

The Amazon River is considered the fastest river in the world, already having several titles of the “most-most”. Among them, such titles as the most full-flowing (7,180,000 km 2), the deepest (its depth in some places reaches 135 meters), the longest (7,100 km) and the widest (in some places the Amazon delta has a width of 200 km) . In the lower reaches of the Amazon, the average water flow is approximately 200-220 thousand cubic meters, which corresponds to a river flow speed of 4.5-5 m/s or 15 km/h! In the rainy season, this figure increases to 300 thousand m 3.

The course of each river consists of the upper, middle and lower reaches. At the same time, the upper course is characterized by large slopes, which contributes to its greater erosive activity. The lower course is distinguished by the largest water mass and lower speed.

How is the flow rate measured?

The units used to measure the speed of a river are meters per second. At the same time, one should not forget that the speed of the water flow is not the same in different parts rivers. It gradually increases, originating from the bottom and walls of the channel and gaining the greatest power in the middle part of the stream. The average flow velocity is calculated on the basis of measurements made in several sections of the channel. Moreover, at least five spot measurements are carried out on each section of the river.

To measure the speed of the water current, a special measuring device is used - a hydrometric turntable, which descends to a certain depth strictly perpendicular to the surface of the water and after twenty seconds you can take readings from the device. Having information about average speed river and its approximate cross-sectional area, the water discharge of the river is calculated.

Reverse flow of the Amazon

In addition, the Amazon River is the owner of a reverse current that occurs during ocean tides. Water flows with great speed - 25 km / h or 7 m / s, are driven back to the mainland. Waves at the same time reach 4-5 meters in height. The farther a wave passes on land, the less its destructive effect becomes. The tides stop at a distance of up to 1,400 kilometers upstream of the Amazon. Such a natural phenomenon received the name "pororoka" - thundering water.

The Oryol region has a well-developed river network. However, most of the Oryol rivers are either sources major rivers or their small tributaries. Within the territory of Oryol region there are the sources of the largest rivers of the European part of Russia - the Oka, the Don and the Dnieper. Therefore, the Oryol region is geographic center supply of the most important river systems of the European part of Russia. On its territory, the surface runoff of the rivers of the Volga basin is formed. The watersheds of the rivers are separated by two watershed areas. The first one runs from the city of Maloarkhangelsk to the north to the village of Alekseevka, then to the northeast to the Verkhovye station and to the village of Pankovo. This hilly area is a watershed between the rivers Oka, Zusha with its tributary Neruch and the river Pine with a tributary of the Truda River. In the central part of the region there are elevated hills representing the watershed of the Oka and Zushi rivers, which in its southern part in the Maloarkhangelsk region connects with the watersheds of the Oka and Sosna, Oka and Desna. The second watershed between the basins of the Oka and Desna rivers is located in the southwestern part. The Oka basin occupies 60% of the region's territory, it includes 1377 rivers and streams. The Don basin includes 529 watercourses, the Dnieper - 195. The water fund of the region has over 2100 watercourses total length 9154 km, including - about 180 watercourses with a length of 10 or more kilometers and with a total length of over 4000 km. The large rivers of the Oryol region - the Oka and Zusha are used to generate electricity. On the river The Shakhovskaya hydroelectric power station with a capacity of 510 kW operates on the river Oka, Novosilskaya (210 kW) and Lykovskaya (760 kW) operate on the Zusha River. The construction of the dams of these power plants has significantly affected the ecology of some fish species living in the Oka and Zush. The most extended and abundant rivers of the region are: r. Oka (average annual runoff at the border with the Tula region - 2058 million m3); R. Zusha (tributary of the Oka, average annual flow - 988.6 million m3); R. Pine (a tributary of the Don, the average annual runoff at the border with the Lipetsk region is 687.0 million m3). The basins of the Navlya and Nerussa rivers flowing into the Desna (a tributary of the Dnieper River) are located in the southeastern part of the region, with a total annual flow of 210 million m3. The relief of the area determines the slow, calm flow of rivers. The rivers Zusha, Sosna and a number of other smaller rivers, due to the significant difference in elevation, have a rather fast flow. precipitation, seasonal air temperature and humidity. In addition, the amount of runoff is somewhat influenced by the terrain, the geological structure of the underlying rocks, watershed watersheds and the presence of forests. Great importance in the formation of surface runoff has economic activity human and technogenic pressure on landscapes [ Natural resources, 2002]. The regional water fund is replenished by creating reservoirs and ponds that accumulate spring flood runoff. The water quality of many ponds is improved by numerous springs that feed the ponds, preventing them from drying out and improving flow. In total, there are more than 1730 ponds in the region with a total area of ​​2800-3000 hectares. [Blinnikov V.I. et al., 1989; Fedorov A.V., 1960]. Of these, as of September 1, 2005, the Administration of the Oryol Region approved a list of fishing grounds. This list includes 608 reservoirs with total area 5105.6 ha. Table 1 shows the distribution of reservoirs intended for fish farming needs by districts of the region.

To the question whether the current of the Volga is fast or slow, asked by the author Adelina Kuasheva the best answer is The nature of the Volga

Features of lowland rivers

2. Low flow rate
3. Wide shallow valley
Current direction





The place where the Akhtuba branch separated is sometimes taken as the beginning of the Volga delta. It is more correct, however, to count the beginning of the delta from the place of separation of the Buzan branch. From here, the Volga is divided into a dense network of branches and channels. The Volga delta is one of the largest deltas in our country. Numerous branches, channels, islands, lakes (here called ilmens and hollows) and sandy ridges (Baer hillocks) occupy a total space of over 13,000 km2.

Answer from Neurologist[guru]
When we go up - slow, but when we go down - fast


Answer from Alexandra Gurgaeva[newbie]
The Volga is slow


Answer from put down[guru]
The average current speed is low - from 2 to 6 km / h.


Answer from Staff[guru]
The Volga is a flat river with a slow current.


Answer from Marina Loginova[newbie]
The Volga is flat.
so the flow is slow


Answer from Vika balandina[newbie]
slow


Answer from Elizaveta Viktorovna[newbie]
medium


Answer from Olga Afanasyeva[newbie]
anger54kuapavyvakuv45


Answer from Ksunchic Richkova[newbie]
The Volga is a flat river, which means it has a slow current.


Answer from Maxim Goncharov[active]
The nature of the Volga
The Volga is a typical flat river.
Features of lowland rivers
1. Small difference in height between mouth and source
2. Low flow rate
3. Wide shallow valley
Current direction
The main direction of the Volga is to the south.
Flowing within the East European Plain, the Volga is a classic example of a lowland river. Its longitudinal profile is close to the so-called equilibrium profile. The average slope is only 0.06°/oo. The drop is especially small in the lower reaches, where it does not exceed 0.02°/oo. According to the size and nature of the flow, the Volga is usually divided into three parts: the upper course (Upper Volga) - from the source to the city of Shcherbakov, the middle course ( Middle Volga) - from the city of Shcherbakov to the mouth of the Kama and the lower reaches ( Lower Volga) - from the confluence of the Kama to the mouth.
AT upstream, within the Valdai Upland, the Volga passes through a chain of Upper Volga lakes - Verkhit, Sterzh, Vselug, Peno and Volgo. At the source of the lake In the middle of the last century (1843) a dam was built on the Volga River - the Upper Volga Beishlot - designed to enhance the feeding of the river in low water and maintain navigable depths. major tributaries Upper Volga - Selizharovka, Tverda, Mologa and Sheksna. During the years of Stalin's five-year plans, the Upper Volga was reconstructed, that is, radically reorganized. Three powerful hydroelectric power stations have been built here: Ivankovskaya, Uglichskaya and Shcherbakovskaya. The dams of these hydroelectric power plants have turned the Upper Volga into a chain of reservoir lakes, among which the Rybinsk reservoir is the largest in the world. Waters: This reservoir was flooded by the lower reaches of pp. Mologa and Shcheksny and the entire Mologa-Sheksna interfluve.
In the middle reaches, below the city of Shcherbakov, the river becomes even more full-flowing; here it runs into a series major tributaries, the most important of which are Oka, Unzha, Vetluga and Sura. The regime of the middle course of the river has changed significantly and is highly dependent on releases from the Rybinsk reservoir. Below the confluence of the Kama, which in its water content is almost not inferior to the Volga itself, the latter becomes especially full-flowing. The width of the valley reaches 20-30 km. In the area of ​​the city of Kuibyshev Volga, skirting Zhiguli mountains, forms a giant bend - the Samara bow, where the valley narrows to 2-3 km. The asymmetric structure of the valley is characteristic: the right bank is everywhere high and steep, and the left bank is gentle and low. The valley expands especially strongly below Stalingrad. Here the Volga on the left separates the first branch - r. Akhtuba, which continues to flow as an independent stream parallel to the main channel of the Volga.
The vast space between the Volga and: Akhtuba, indented by numerous channels and old rivers, is called the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain. Spills within the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain reach 20-30 km. The Lower Volga receives only relatively small tributaries: the Samara, the Bolshoi Irgiz, and Yeruslan.
The place where the Akhtuba branch separated is sometimes taken as the beginning of the Volga delta. It is more correct, however, to count the beginning of the delta from the place of separation of the Buzan branch. From here, the Volga is divided into a dense network of branches and channels. The Volga delta is one of the largest deltas in our country. Numerous branches, channels, islands, lakes (here called ilmens and hollows) and sandy ridges (Baer hillocks) occupy a total space of over 13,000 km2.

The average speed of ocean currents is 5 km. in hour. But there are also those that significantly exceed this speed and carry with them a huge amount of water. What are the strongest currents in the ocean?

Gulfstream

This is the most powerful warm current in the oceans. It begins in the Sargasso Sea, then flows along the US coast to California. Here the Gulf Stream turns towards Europe. The speed of the water flow is 2.5 meters per second. The maximum width of the Gulf Stream reaches 200 kilometers and a depth of 800 meters.

Rice. 1. Gulf Stream

The water temperature in the Gulf Stream ranges from 24 degrees Celsius in winter to 28 in summer. The warm influence of the Gulf Stream moderates the climate European countries on the Atlantic coast.

Antarctic Circumpolar Current

This flow is also called flow. Western winds. It is located in the Southern Hemisphere, around Antarctica.

The course of the West Winds crosses as many as three oceans.

Its power is three times the power of the Gulf Stream, so it can rightfully be considered the most powerful current World Ocean. The length of the current of the Western winds reaches 30 thousand kilometers, and the maximum width is 2500 kilometers. The speed of the water is approximately 58 meters per second. In a second, the ACC transports about 200 million tons of water - this is more than the volume of rivers on the globe.

TOP 1 articlewho read along with this

Rice. 2. Antarctic Circumpolar Current

El Niño

it beautiful name translated from Spanish as baby, child. However, the course of El Niño is very treacherous and destructive for coastal countries. This is the warmest current in the Pacific Ocean. The temperature of its water is 9 degrees Celsius higher than that of environment. This leads to the formation of hurricane winds in the coastal zone.

As a result, prolonged downpours, droughts, and fires occur on the coast. From El Niño currents millions of people suffer and huge damage carried by the world economy.

Rice. 3. The destructive current of El Niño

North Atlantic

This current passes through the eastern part Atlantic Ocean. Its speed reaches 2 km. in hour. The current carries about 40 million cubic meters of water per second. Due to its proximity to the mainland, coastal countries enjoy a warm climate.

Kuroshio

This powerful warm current Pacific Ocean. Its width is 170 km., And the depth reaches 700 m. In terms of power, this current is slightly weaker than the Gulf Stream. It passes by Japan and the Kuril Islands. In the north it merges with the waters of the North Pacific Current, reaching Alaska.