Cobwebs are edible mushrooms that grow in all types of forests. They can be eaten even raw, these mushrooms are no less tasty after heat treatment, as well as in salted form. The cobwebs got their name because of the white “spread” wrapping the lower part of the hat and falling onto the leg. You need to go to the forest for all varieties of cobwebs at the very end of summer and you can collect them until mid-autumn.

Cobweb velo-violet (swollen) – "Cortinarius alboviolaceus" – cap mushroom from the plate group. Hat up to 10 cm in diameter young mushroom whitish-violet, lilac with a silvery sheen, then off-white. The flesh is bluish, thick in the middle.

The plates are frequent, wide, first lilac, then brown. Spore powder is rusty-brown.

Leg up to 8 cm tall, with a tuberous swelling downwards, white with a purple tint, with a whitish annular stripe.

Grows in deciduous and mixed forests.

collection time- from August to the end of September.

Before use, you need to pour over boiling water, then you can fry, salt and.

Edible gossamer mushroom yellow

Cobweb yellow (Cantharellus triumphans)- cap mushroom from the lamellar group. The cap is up to 12 cm in diameter, the young fungus is rounded, the old one is flat-convex, thick, yellowish-brown or buffy. The edges of the cap are connected to the stem of the fungus with a cobweb. The flesh is whitish or light brown, pleasant smell and taste.

As you can see in the photo, this edible cobweb mushroom has whitish, lilac or grayish-bluish plates. In old mushrooms, they are brown, wide. Spore powder brown.

The leg is high, more than 10 cm, thickened at the base, whitish-yellowish, dense, with several belts of red scales, remnants of the bedspread.

Grows in deciduous and coniferous forests, mainly in birch forests.

collection time- Aug. Sept.

It is used in food fresh, salted and pickled. Salty cobweb palatability is not inferior to and .

Cobweb scaly and his photo

Cobweb scaly (Cantharellus pholideus).Hat mushroom from the lamellar group. The cap is up to 10 cm in diameter, in young mushrooms it is convex, in mature mushrooms it is flat, with a blunt tubercle, scaly, brown-brown. In wet weather, mucous, sticky, shiny when dry. The pulp is white, on the cut does not change color.

The plates of young mushrooms are light, bluish-gray, then rusty-brown. Spore powder brown.

The leg is low, up to 2 cm, first lilac, then brown, with several brown belts.

It grows in mixed and coniferous forests, mainly in mossy places.

collection time- from the second half of July to the first half of October.

Used fresh.

Spider web mushroom purple (with photo)

Mushroom cobweb purple (Cantharellus violaceus) belongs to the lamellar group. Hat up to 12 cm in diameter, convex, then prostrate, dark purple, scaly. The flesh is gray-violet or bluish, fading to white.

Cobweb is not the most common mushroom. Its family includes almost 40 species. Beginning mushroom pickers sometimes confuse cobweb with other mushrooms and throw it into a basket, not thinking that it can be deadly. Cobwebs are distinguished by a wide variety of shapes and colors. The names of mushroom species speak for themselves: cobweb orange, crimson, white-purple, etc.

general information

The cobweb family got its name due to the cobweb-shaped bedspread connecting the mushroom leg with the hat. It is especially noticeable in young mushrooms. In more mature representatives of the family, the gossamer encircles the lower part of the leg with a porous ring. All varieties of this mushroom have a round cap., which becomes progressively flatter as it grows. Its surface has a smooth or scaly texture and can be either slippery or completely dry.

The stem and the surface of the mushroom cap have almost the same color. The standard shape of the stem is cylindrical, but in some species it has a thickened base. The flesh of the mushroom is usually white, but may be colored. The cobweb family is very fond of moisture. Most often they can be found near wetlands, for which they received the nickname "swamps".

Mushrooms of this family are common in the European part of Russia, but it is quite difficult to meet them. Some types of cobwebs are listed in the Red Book. Cobwebs rarely grow alone. Usually these are clans from 10 to 30 pieces, clustered in wet lowlands. It is recommended to collect them from the end of summer until the first frost.

The most special - the most poisonous cobweb. To avoid getting a deadly mushroom in the basket, you need to learn more about it. The cap of an adult beautiful mushroom reaches a diameter of up to 10 cm. In young mushrooms, it can be in the form of a cone. With the growth of the fungus, the cap changes its appearance and acquires a flat-convex shape with a blunt tubercle in the center. The surface is dry, velvety, slightly scaly at the edges. The color of the cap can be from red-brown to ocher-brown.

The stem of an adult mushroom reaches 12 cm in length and 1.5 cm in width, it slightly expands towards the base and is covered with noticeable bracelets of gossamer bedspreads. The surface is orange-brown, fibrous. The flesh of the mushroom is yellow-ocherous, tasteless. Sometimes it has a faint smell of radish.

Cobwebs (Cortinarius) - mushrooms belonging to the cobweb family (Cortinariaceae) and the agaric order. Many varieties are popularly referred to as bog-weeds.

Cobwebs - mushrooms belonging to the cobweb family and agaric order

Mycorrhizal fruiting cap-and-stalked body type with a hemispherical or conical, convex or flat cap, having a pronounced tubercle and a dryish or mucous, smooth or noticeably felty, sometimes scaly surface of yellow or ocher, orange-terracotta, brownish-brick, dark reddish, brown- brick or purple staining.

The soft part is relatively fleshy or quite thin, white or ocher-brown, yellow, bluish-violet or olive-green, sometimes changing shade on the cut. All plates are adherent or weakly descending type, thin and relatively often located, of various colors. A cylindrical or club-shaped leg is characterized by the presence of a tuberous thickening at the base. Spores are buffy and brownish.

Features of the triumphant cobweb (video)

Where does the spiderweb mushroom grow

Fruiting bodies of mycorrhizal varieties are able to grow in conifers, as well as not too dense deciduous forests. Varieties are widespread in the temperate climate zone:

  • P. excellent found in deciduous forests, forming mycorrhiza with beeches, and does not grow in our country;
  • P.purple became widespread in the northern regions and middle lane our country;
  • P. triumphal mass grows in Eastern Siberia, as well as in the Far East;
  • P. grayish blue does not occur on the territory of our country;
  • P. blue forms mycorrhiza with beeches and other deciduous trees, grows in Primorsky Krai;
  • P. fragrant prefers mixed and coniferous forests for growth and development, where it forms mycorrhiza with beeches and fir.

The most widespread in our country and in many European countries P. large, growing mainly in mixed forest areas on sandy soils.

Cobwebs are able to grow in conifers, as well as not too dense deciduous forests.

About the edibility of the cobweb

Mushroom flavor edible varieties, as a rule, not very pronounced, but most often it is bitter. Mushroom aroma in many species is completely absent., and some fruiting bodies have a fairly noticeable smell of garden radish. Used for food purposes with great care. Most often, fruiting bodies are fried, salted and marinated.

Types of cobweb mushroom

Distinguish between edible and poisonous species taste or smell is not possible, so it is very important to know the exact description and external characteristics cobwebs, which are most common in our country.

Gallery: types of cobweb (45 photos)









































Сortin.triumphans - has a hemispherical or cushion-shaped, semi-prostrate upper part of an orange-yellow color with the remains of a spathe and a sticky or dry surface covering a thick, soft, whitish-yellowish flesh with a pleasant aroma. The plates are of a weakly adherent type, narrow and frequent, light smoky cream or bluish-brown in color with a rusty-reddish-brown spore powder. Bottom part fruiting body with a strong thickening, cylindrical shape.

Сortin.alboviolaseus - has a round-bell-shaped, convex or convex-prostrate hat with an elevation in the central part and a silky-fibrous, shiny, smooth, sticky surface of lilac-violet-silver or white-lilac color. The plates are medium-frequently arranged, narrow, grayish-blue, bluish-ocher or brownish-brown, with the presence of rusty-reddish-brown spore powder. The area of ​​the leg is club-shaped, with a weak mucous membrane. The soft part is thick and watery in places,gray-blue, brown, with an unpleasant odor.

Сortin.armillatus - has a hemispherical, gradually opening, cushion-shaped hat with a wide and blunt tubercle in the central part, covered with dry and fleecy, orange or reddish-brown coloring with remnants of a red-orange-brown veil. The soft part is thick and dense, brownish in color, with a pronounced musty smell when total absence mushroom flavor. Plates of an adherent type, wide and relatively rarely located, grayish-cream, slightly brownish or rusty-brown in color, with brown-rusty-red spore powder. The lower part of the fruiting body is lighter, with an extension at the base, with bracelet-like remains of a bedspread.

Spiderweb is the most special

Сortin.rubellus - has a conical or prostrate-conical hat, with a sharp tubercle in the center and a finely scaly, reddish-orange, reddish-orange or bright brownish surface covering the tasteless and radish-smelling flesh of a reddish-orange-ocher color. Thick and wide plates are rare, adhering to the stem, orange-ocher or rusty-brown in color, with rusty-reddish-brown, spherical spores with roughness. The lower part of the fruiting body is cylindrical in shape, of sufficient density.

Cobweb purple (video)

Cortin.rholideus - has a bell-shaped, slightly convex, with a blunt elevation in the center and numerous scales of dark brown coloring of the cap, covered with a pale brown, brownish-brown skin. Differs in rare, grayish-brownish plates with a lilac-violet tint and the presence of brown spore powder. The lower part of the fruit body is cylindrical or slightly club-shaped, with an extension at the base, solid or hollow, with a smooth, grayish-brownish scaly surface. Loose type, gray-violet-brown the pulp has a slight musty smell.

Systematics:
  • Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
  • Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
  • Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
  • Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
  • Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
  • Family: Cortinariaceae (Spiderwebs)
  • Genus: Cortinarius (Spiderweb)
  • View: Cortinarius salor (Blue cobweb)

Description:
Hat and coverlet are mucous. 3-8 cm in diameter, initially convex, then flat, sometimes with a small tubercle, bright blue or bright bluish-violet, then becomes grayish or pale brown from the center, with a bluish or purple edge.

The plates are adherent, sparse, initially bluish or purple, remain so for a very long time, then light brown.

Spores 7-9 x 6-8 µm in size, broadly ellipsoidal to almost spherical, warty, yellow-brown.

The leg is mucous, in dry weather dries up. Bluish, bluish-violet, or lilac with ocher-greenish-olive spots, then whitish without bands. Size 6-10 x 1-2 cm, cylindrical or slightly thickened downwards, closer to clavate.

The flesh is whitish, bluish under the skin of the cap, tasteless and odorless.

Spreading:
Grows in coniferous and deciduous forests, often with high humidity, prefers birch. On soil rich in calcium.

Similarity:
It is very similar to, grows with it and falls into the baskets of inexperienced mushroom pickers along with rows. It is similar to Cortinarius transiens, growing in coniferous forests on acidic soils, which is sometimes found in springs as Cortinarius salor ssp. transiens.

Grade:
Not edible.

Note:
Belong to the subgenus Myxacium, which is characterized by a slimy cap, stipe, and common veil. Among these species, belongs to the section Delibui (Cortinarius delibutus), which combines mushrooms with plates in bluish-purple tones.

Cobwebs (Cortinarius) is a rather extensive genus of mushrooms, numbering more than 40 species in our country alone, and worldwide this figure crosses the two-thousandth threshold. Most of their representatives are inedible, and some are generally deadly poisonous. The name of some species of these mushrooms speaks for itself: what is the superb cobweb or elegant cobweb worth. In another way, they are also called pribolotniki or ringed caps.

Brief description and habitat

Cobwebs - agaric mushrooms. Their main distinctive feature may well be a bright color. They are found in purple, bright yellow, dark red, terracotta and other colors. Some species names went precisely because of this feature: purple cobweb, crimson cobweb, watery blue cobweb, and others. And the name of the whole genus of fungi was given by a cobweb film as a veil enveloping its representatives. The cobweb cover is clearly visible in young mushrooms: it connects the stem and the edges of the cap. And in mature representatives, a thin film breaks as it grows and becomes like a web that has entangled a mushroom leg. Some of its threads hang from the cap, but for the most part they remain in the lower part of the stem in the form of a cobweb ring. These mushrooms are very similar to each other and only experienced mushroom pickers can distinguish one type of cobweb from another.

All representatives of this genus have a round, flat hat as they grow, often raised in the middle. To the touch, it is smooth, fibrous, less often scaly. Both the mucous surface of the cap and dry can occur. The flesh is fleshy, thin, often white, but can be multi-colored. The plates are frequent, descending, and the stem is cylindrical, sometimes with a thickening at the base. It will always show the remnants of a cobweb bedspread. It almost coincides in color with the surface of the cap, sometimes it can differ only in the intensity of the shade. Spore powder in mushrooms is usually yellow and brown-yellow. In general, cobwebs are very similar to, so confuse with edible mushrooms they are quite difficult.

These mushrooms love moist, marshy soil. Often they can be found on the outskirts of the swamps, which is why they got the name "marsh". Cobwebs grow in deciduous and mixed forests, and are less commonly observed in coniferous ones. This is a widespread genus. Their habitat is European part Russia, Siberia, Far East, Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia and Kazakhstan. In Europe, they are often found in Austria, Italy, Great Britain, Belgium, France, Finland, Switzerland, Romania, Latvia and Estonia. You can also find them in the USA and Japan. However, although they are so ubiquitous, they are quite rare mushrooms. Some of their species, for example, purple cobweb, are listed in the Red Book Russian Federation and other regions.

Beneficial features

Despite the fact that some of the cobweb species are poisonous, this does not reduce the content of valuable substances in them that have practical use in medicine. Some of the representatives of this genus are used as raw materials for the manufacture of dyes. Mostly brown or ocher mushrooms are used for this.

Edible and conditionally edible representatives are successfully used in culinary purposes, having passed before this additional processing in the form of a long boil with frequent water changes. In cooking, such types of mushrooms as water-blue cobweb, excellent cobweb, purple cobweb, yellow cobweb are often used.

These are the most commonly eaten species. There are others, but many of them are useless and do not carry any taste value. Be that as it may, even well-known species need to be collected only by experienced mushroom pickers.

The types of cobwebs used in cooking can be consumed boiled, salted, fried, pickled, canned. Various first and second courses are incomparable with him. Many connoisseurs say that these mushrooms have a nutty flavor.

Roasted Spider Web Recipe

For cooking you will need:

  • edible or conditionally edible cobwebs - 500 grams;
  • flour - 4 tablespoons;
  • vegetable oil - 3 tablespoons;
  • greenery.

Initially, fresh mushrooms must be thoroughly boiled, repeatedly changing. Then cut them into small pieces. Pour into preheated skillet and cook until almost done. Then add flour to the mushrooms and continue cooking. On top of the dish, you can decorate with herbs and serve. It is best to consume it hot.

Types of mushrooms and medicinal properties

by the most famous species of this kind are:

  • cobweb yellow or triumphant bog - edible;
  • cobweb purple - conditionally edible;
  • cobweb orange - conditionally edible;
  • cobweb crimson - conditionally edible;
  • cobweb shiny - poisonous;
  • cobweb bracelet - edible;
  • cobweb variable - conditionally edible;
  • cobweb brown - conditionally edible;
  • cobweb smeared - conditionally edible;
  • cobweb excellent - edible;
  • cobweb straight - conditionally edible;
  • cobweb red-olive - inedible;
  • gossamer cobweb - conditionally edible;
  • scaly cobweb - inedible.

Some representatives of this genus are considered poisonous mushrooms, but this does not reduce them. medicinal properties.

Cobweb red

Red or blood-reddish mushroom, belongs to the category of poisonous. It bears a close resemblance to the inedible cobweb purple. Has a pronounced antiseptic properties. The substances included in its composition prevent the development of tuberculosis mycobacteria. Found in coniferous forests. Likes moist, mossy soil. Fruiting from July to September.

Cobweb bracelet

It has a yellow-brown or brown-red color, with age the terracotta color prevails and becomes more saturated. It resembles a triumphant cobweb. This conditionally edible mushroom used in cooking only after careful pre-treatment. For medicinal purposes, it is used as an antiseptic. Forms mycorrhiza only with birch. Picky in the choice of soil - prefers a swampy acidic environment. Fruiting from July to early October.

The color of the fungus is multifaceted: from grayish-green to black-olive with brown and brown impurities. It has a sufficient similarity with many representatives of this species, from which it differs in the absence of smell, a very bitter taste and black color of the plates. The alkaloids that make up its composition, in laboratory studies, have shown good results with inhibition of acetylcholinesterase - which is one of the main types of therapy for Alzheimer's disease and other memory disorders. This mushroom is considered poisonous. It occurs mainly in deciduous and mixed forests, loves calcareous soils. Forms mycorrhiza with oak and beech. Fruiting from July to October.

Goat web

Pale lilac, ocher white with age. It is similar to camphor cobweb, which has the same unpleasant specific smell. From rare species- purple cobweb - differs in the rusty color of the plates, from the white-violet representative - in a more saturated color, from the purple line - in a strong repulsive aroma and a tangled plentiful coverlet. The mushroom is inedible. Its consumption is not recommended. For medical purposes, it has pronounced antibacterial properties. In its composition, an antibiotic, inolomin, was identified.

Harm and dangerous properties

Some types of cobwebs are very toxic and poisonous. They are most dangerous because signs of poisoning can appear after a few days, or even weeks, since they contain delayed-action toxins. Their poison is very detrimental to the kidneys, with its help a disease such as acute interstitial nephritis can develop. Even irreversible changes in the structure of the kidneys and death are possible. According to statistics, there are seven cases of poisoning, one fatal.

The characteristic signs of cobweb poisoning are burning and dry mouth, intense thirst followed by vomiting, nausea, and abdominal cramps. Often accompanied by headache and pain in the lumbar region. Even if you notice the symptoms in time and consult a doctor, recovery and treatment will take quite a long time.

In order to protect yourself, it is important to remember the first rule of the mushroom picker: if there is any doubt about the edibility or inedibility of the mushroom, then it is customary to consider it obviously poisonous. In general, it is better not to take risks and entrust the collection of cobwebs to specialists who can confidently distinguish good mushroom from its poisonous counterpart.

By the way, when preparing good edible mushrooms, it is worth remembering that violations in technology and non-compliance with processing rules can lead to severe poisoning and sad consequences.

First aid for poisoning

Any type of poisoning requires immediate medical attention, before the arrival of an ambulance. It is advisable not to transport the patient to the clinic, as some toxins can cause disturbances in the activity of the cardiovascular system.

Before the arrival of the doctor should:

  • put the patient to bed;
  • perform repeated gastric lavage;
  • drink a laxative to remove poison from the intestines;
  • do a cleansing enema.

In case of poisoning, severe dehydration of the body occurs, so it is recommended that the patient be drunk with saline solutions, for example, rehydron. Give the victim cool strong teas or just salted water. With calf cramps, which often occur precisely because of dehydration, you can put mustard plasters on the lower leg.

If everything was done correctly, and the danger was noticed on early stage, then after such measures, the victim after 2-3 hours may already feel an improvement in his condition.

But this is not a reason to refuse hospitalization on the recommendation of a doctor.

conclusions

Cobwebs are quite rare and for the most part dangerous mushrooms. But this does not stop some gourmets from collecting various representatives of this genus for culinary purposes. Many of them have an interesting taste and are often eaten after being pre-processed.

Before preparing a dish of cobwebs, they must be thoroughly boiled, changing the water several times. However, only experienced mushroom pickers will be able to cope with such an overwhelming task as determining which type of cobweb a particular mushroom belongs to.

The thing is that they are very similar to each other and an ignorant person can quite easily confuse an edible representative with his dangerous toxic relative.

Cobwebs are very scary because of the slow-acting toxins they contain. Poisoning with these mushrooms does not appear immediately, but after a rather long period of time, which can be up to 14 days.

In some cases, they lead to pathological changes in the body, and sometimes even death. In case of poisoning with mushrooms, you should immediately provide the victim with the first medical care in the form of washing the stomach and intestines, and also provide plenty of fluids to avoid dangerous dehydration.

But even the most poisonous mushrooms do not lose their medicinal properties. They contain substances from which, with the right technology in the laboratory, you can extract various components that are used to create antibiotics and various other drugs.

In fact, the cobweb is a rather valuable mushroom, but it is valued mainly for its medical indicators. Its taste and culinary properties are not particularly popular. Cobwebs are quite rare and little-known mushrooms, so it’s better not to take risks and refuse to eat them, in favor of other edible, tastier and more famous representatives of them.