Fox is one of the most common animals in Russia. The habitats of this animal extend from the northern regions to the southern deserts and semi-deserts. Lisa itself resembles a small dog. She has a beautiful red color, fluffy tail, small eyes and ears.

Foxes, inhabitants in the north, usually have red color, south the color of the wool varies on gray - yellow. In nature, there are, and black-brown foxes are usually grown on farms. Fox weighs about 10 kg.

Fat games in the forest in the fox begins from January to February. The males show the readiness for marriage with their rippler, calling for a fox. Sometimes two males begin to hunt behind the fox, then she is waiting for the winner in this fight.

The pregnancy period fox lasts about 50 days. It is usually born ten lisate externally, they resemble small models only by the color of the tail gives them the difference.

If all the offspring is survived by the harsh winter, they will be perfectly living until autumn, while small lies will grow up and leave their parents. Of course, in winter, fox in the forest is more complicated than in the summer. The fox diet is quite diverse.

There are about 350 different rodents in it. Since very little food can be found in the forest. No frogs and rodents have become very small. In winter, the fox especially carefully spends the hunt as all the mice are hiding under the snow in their holes. The fox has a very extinct rumor, it is he who helps her to hunt.

Coming in winter on hunting, behaves quietly and in the snow crosses slowly. Casting fox, begins to listen, which is happening under the snow, as soon as the rustle hears the rustle starts his hunt. Catching the mouse with her eating.

Usually she does not swallow food at once, but breaks with small pieces and swallows it. Also in winter, active hunting is kept on the hares. Long searches for a mink of the hares and begins to make a guard, as soon as the hare will seem to the outward immediately begins the active hunt.

His hunt begins at any time. These animals are very careful and not in vain in Russian folk fairy tales, she is always a cunning and intelligent, since it always tries to confuse traces.

To date, Fox is one of the most useful animals in the forest. Of course, she ruins the birds of birds a lot, but at the same time remains a defender of nature. As it feeds on beetles, worms and different rodents that harm and agriculture And trees in the forest.

What feeds fox in the forest? Yes, everyone than have. Sometimes she managed to enjoy both aunty or to ruin the bird nest and eat their eggs. Of course the fox life is not mediocre and depends on how many rodents live in nature.

If the food is not so much, then she has to go out on the road to people or eat smashes, which remain on the side of the road. Sometimes a fox comes to the village to people look for food, then there, if there will be a dog can grab not bad prey.

Of course winter is the most severe period, as it is not very easy to find food especially in the taiga. Now there are many protected areas where people feed animals.

Forestish, who follows the order in the forest also helps to survive at this time an animal. In Canada, Foxes basically live along the rivers so they hunt salmon, which are floating after spawning.

Lisa is usually alive, as she has small legs with sharp curls, it can quickly make a housing quickly. If you consider housing fox, you can see a whole home that consists of several inputs and outputs.

They begin to build it in spring or in summer, so that the winter is already, where to live. It remains open to winter, only one entrance is the rest plugged with moss since the summer, so warm foxes and small lisyatam.

This hole can use entire generations. This place is located so that Lisyata played near their housing. Its habitat does in the open area to see what happens in the circle.

Sometimes a fox occupies someone else's Nora. There are such situations when she lives with a badger in one hole. But such a neighborhood lasts for a short time, Lisa Sishrei Bumbaction and eventually drives it out. Barcuchia Norah likes her depth and spacious. In addition, the digger does not need to dig.

Fox in winter in the forest along with his offspring is in Nore. Lying snow from above makes housing warmer. Sometimes in the winter for its safety, she goes to the sublime terrain in order to see who is downstairs.

There are other places where it can live for example caves, a gorge in a rock, a hollow in the trees. No wonder they say that she is a tricky, since near his housing makes many confusing traces so that no one can understand where she went.

Footprints of fox, something like a dog, but if you look closely, you can notice the difference. For example, if we consider the trace of fox, then between the prints of two extreme fingers, you can lay a match, and the dog has a more oval pattern of the trace.

Also in winter, the paw pads will be overwhelmed with wool, which makes it possible to move with great care. Typically, the fox traces are located in a straight line and the distance between them is 30 cm. Of course, in winter there is a lot of snow in the forest and there is no possibility to walk there, since she has short paws and it fails.

Therefore, you have to leave the forest and live in the fields or plains. In winter, Lisa attracts hunters with his color, as its red color is visible on the snowy surface. After winter, the molting begins and the color of the wool is not so attractive.

There are such circumstances when it can get sick. The strongest enemy is pincers, which move throughout the body of the fox moving gradually on the nose. Many different other diseases get from the fall, which it feeds.

Fox knows how to adapt to various living conditions by this, it differs from all predatory animals. Lisa is found not only in Russia, but also in Europe, Asia, North America and everywhere she is the same.

Fox skins is pretty valuable trophyTherefore, in the winter period, Lisam should be especially feared for their lives. They can threaten not only hunger, but also hunters for profit. Especially rare became black and brown fox, which even began to grow in nurseries.

Patrikeevna, a fox-sister, robber - popular heroes of folk fairy tales, familiar since childhood. Cunning, lucavia, insidiousness - the main qualities with which Lisa is associated. Why did Lisa get such a reputation? Is it the result of the survival instinct or habitat?

Fox belongs to the predatory mammal from the pet family. It has similarities with a wolf and a homemade dog: white or dark brown low limbs, sharp dark ears tips, an elegant torso, an elongated face, an oblong fluffy tail.

The size and coloring of the animal depends on the country of habitat: in the north, animals are large (up to 90 cm) with a bright color, and in the south - small (from 18 cm) with dim color. Representatives of mountain areas are characterized by black and brown wool color. Most often, there are foxes with bright red back, white belly and dark paws. All types of fox have thin paws and white color Wool at the tip of the tail. The weight of the animal, depending on the type hesitates from 700 g to 10 kg.

Tail functions

The luxurious tail of the fox saves from the cold, strong winds in winter. Length - 20-30 cm. Fenca - 40-60 cm. Animal is wrapped up as a duct blanket. Hiding the muzzle into fluffy tail wool, the animal is masked from enemies. The tricky predator uses the tail as a stabilizer during the catching of the Zaitsev, she deftly rebuilds movement in different directions. Another applies of the tail is a trick for enemies-pursuers. With long pursuit, the animal takes a fluffy bait to the side and makes a sharp body turn to the other side. While the enemies, disperse, run straight, the animal can win time and hide. Prediters always run with raised tails in order to avoid accumulating snow, water. When the tail is grace, it is hard to catch up with a sacrifice and run away from enemies.

Views and names

Clear predators adapted to life in various natural zones. There are more than 55 kinds of foxes, which relate to different kinds.

The root of the tail is iron, producing the smell of violets. The fragrance is intensified during the reproduction period. For sure the function of the gland in the life of the predator is not solved. Hunters assure that it is designed to facilitate the search for the groom.

White tail tip color has a special purpose: a signal for lisate. An animal attracts the attention of his cub, helping them to wade through shrubs, high vegetation. Little lisals follow a white bearing and do not come down from the road.

Eyes

Lisiza's eyes are characterized by vertical pupils, like cats. The structure of the eye is not aimed at recognizing colors. Adaptation of the eyes to the night lifestyle allows you to quickly respond to moving objects, orient in the dark.

Survival in the wild, promotes developed visual memory. Predators are able to remember shelters, paths that are far from the hole.

Wool

Wool in foxes long, thick and soft. The main color is all shades of redhead. A kind of color gamut helps to hunt on the edges, fields in the fall. Among dry grass, animals are less noticeable. Closer to winter, the predator is transferred to places with a safe bungyan, high marsh herbs of a brown-red shade, like fur fox. In winter, wool is compacted, reliably protecting from frosts. Although the color of the Red Fox does not change to the masking, it does not prevent her from getting food.

In the summer there comes a period of molts. The beast resets the fur, adapting to the ambient temperature. Fur becomes rare, dim.

Sounds

Fox sounds resemble hoarse bark dogs with a set of diverse intonations, shades. Each type of fox has its own set of sounds, the voice timbre used for different situations.

In the natural environment, you climb and even more so to overhear the fox is hard, they are very careful. Those who were lucky to hear the Lisys The voice claim that hoarse sounds remotely resemble a human voice. Mama-fox calls a young quiet, standing voice. If the danger threatens, it makes a short "co", they immediately shut down, stop moving.

Anxious tanking can be heard in such cases:

  • enemies crossed the territory;
  • there is an attempted extraction;
  • "Frames" are approaching a hole with lisates;
  • the teeth's stuff, the growl and moans indicate a males tournament.

Researchers assume that the calm communication of the Lis together resembles meowing and even joyful screams.

Little foams are treated, whine, bark. When a stranger appears, mini predators begin nervously hiss, offended twitter. Large species Lysitz - Korsaki living in the north, are distinguished by low intonations. Beasts communicate rarely among themselves, because they live by one. The growl, the womb is sounds, characteristic of the korsakov.

People working with foxes in the zoo are able to distinguish the individual voices of each individual. Watching intonations, you can say for sure that foxes:

  • accered;
  • want to feed offspring;
  • name is lisate;
  • looking for a partner for mating;
  • they missed freedom.

Steppe Lisa

Korsaki live in the steppes, the fields of Asia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Iran. Steppe foxes live on a hilly area with not large quantity Vegetation. They are not suitable for the forest.

Body length - from 45 cm to 65 cm, weight - up to 7 kg. Wool color: Gray with yellowish-reddish. In winter, the mechanis of fur is changing to straw gray. The korsaki differ in the ability to climb trees. During running, speed up to 65 km / h is developed.

Steppe fox creates a couple for life, but before that there is a fight of young males for females. Cheating Lisyat lasts 2 months. They appear on the light of the blind, covered with light brown fluff. A month later, small lisals begin to use rodent meat, mice, gopers, birds or tubes.

If the fox does not find meat, it begins to eat fruits, vegetables, herbs to preserve the vitamin balance of the body.

Steppe has many enemies: other foxes, birds predators, wolves. The korsaki run quickly and exhale. Therefore, becoming older gray predator. The korsaki is listed in the Red Book. People appreciate their warm fur.

Mountain Lisers

The length of the body of this breed fox reaches 90 cm. Tail length: 40-60 cm. Mountain foxes inhabit in caves, cracks, beams, badges and voupels. Their diet consists of rodents, birds, insects, fruits, berries. In winter, they do not eat Padalu. In the spring, predators are activated, they attack the roasted, mouflons. The large number of mining representatives was recorded in the Crimea.

Foxes - regulators of the number of harmful insects, rodents that infect vegetation.

Sandy Lisa

Lives in deserts. This species is distinguished by wide ears, paws protected with overheating fur pads. The body of fox is slender (up to 4 kg), sandy shade, adapted to survival in the desert. Lisens can for a long time Understand the moisture obtained from the trophy. Being omnivorous creatures, everyone that comes across on the way (beetles, eggs, reptiles, roots, food garbage).

There is a legend that foxes can extract moisture from the air using the night breeze.

Sand foxes actively enjoy fragile glands of their body. Greeting begins sniffing anal glands. The same glands protect against strangers: foxes, like skunks, heels back and spray the enemy with a specific secret.

Foxes live big families. In turn patrol the territory, we will sweep it with urine. The size of the patrollable area reaches 70 km². Sand foxs are killed with the purpose of filing fur. Bedouins use them as food.

Polar Lisa

The length of the body of the sand - 50-75 cm, the tail reaches 30 cm. Weight ranges from 4 to 6 kg, although there are also a dressed representatives of the species - up to 12 kg. Sands differ from foxes seasonal shift Color: Winter Wool Snow white or blue, and in summer - brown, reddish-black. Paws sands are squat, drown in wool. The ears of the sand are shorter than other varieties of foxes.

In winter, the sands are vagred in search of food: go to the coasts of the oceans, seas.

In the summer lead set up Life. One sand is capable of controlling up to 20 km² of territory. Like all pings, they live in Norah. Choosing a place on the hill, protected from the flooding of the home.

In winter, the sands do not use nora, dig up a deepening in the snow. Animals are characterized by perseverance. Do not run away from large predators, but only run away. When it becomes possible to snatch a piece of meat, the songs are again approaching and take their own. They calmly tolerate polar bears next to themselves, sometimes sneak into the settlements of people, choose food from domestic dogs. Lescent loves an active hunt, but also not to miss the remnants of someone else's food. If not hungry, buried the extracted food under the ice.

The main enemy of the song is hunger and the lack of feed. Do not live to old age precisely for this reason. Among the inhabitants of the North Pole, the Sads can harm predatory bird, wolf or raccoid dog.

Lifestyle

Solely or flocks, foxes occupy a plot capable of feeding them, to provide nonorages. The holes are rarely torn out, more often use empty, after coming animals.

The accommodation is often covered with thick thickets, disguised as emissions of the Earth, food waste, excrement. Permanent holes are used only during the period of absorption. Hiding from chase, can settle in any available Nore.

Where dwells?

Painting mammals live almost on all continents. The most common habitats:

  • Europe;
  • northern Africa;
  • Australia, except for the northern part;
  • North America;
  • Asia to the north of India.

What feeds on Fox?

Being a born hunter, the animal feeds where he lives. The appearance of food is determined by the terrain, the time of the year, the age of the predator. Small desert inhabitants react to the movements of small livelihood under the ground, attack rodents, and moisture collect from hard food. The polar residents have adapted to eat algae, grass and blueberries when meat do not produce. Favorite delicacy of ordinary foxes are mice. The tricky beast loves to climb into the nest to the birds, eating eggs and hatched chicks. Steppe residents are groomed by frogs, lizards, snakes and turtles. Tibetan species of Lis will be sacrificed near asylum or drives it into a trap.

Foxes stop hunting during salmon spawning. Dead fish is enough for a long time.

Reproduction and life expectancy

In the second year of life, Fox is ready for fertilization. Smaller predator types will be sewn to 10 months. Animals can start a young up to 8 years. The males ripen towards year.

Animals pick up the pairing time so that the lisals appear in the warm period when food in excess. During the matching period, the males choose the female, arrange a fight in her honor. When foxes are divided into pairs, they frolic in the snow, biting each other for the ears, playfully pushed. Sunshine young 47-59 days. During the period of hunger, the animals give birth to 1-2 lisate, and in a prosperous period - up to 16 pieces.

Life expectancy rarely reaches or exceeds a seven-year border. In a natural medium, the animal lives up to 5 children, die for natural reasons or becomes a victim of the enemy.

Enemies in wildlife

Despite the fact that wild foxes are cunning, careful beasts, they have serious enemies:

  • wolverine;
  • the Bears;
  • wolves;
  • eagles, Berkuts;
  • large types of fox;
  • badgers;
  • homemade dogs;
  • leopards, Puma.

Young predatory mammals suffer from raven attacks, hawks, Filins.

Diversification

The fox can be turned into a friendly home animal. It gives up training. Animal requires some care:

  • regular comb;
  • bathing;
  • space for sleep (spacious aviary, bedding);
  • daily walks in the fresh air.

Decorative chanterelle

Feneeke is a cute animal with a capricious character. Weighs up to 2 kg, the length of the body is 40 cm. The tricky animal is not against playing with cats and man. The phenke does not tolerate a sharp change of temperature. Smart animals quickly seek tray.

What to feed?

Fluffy animal animal, get used to the human diet quickly. Power base - Processed meat, offal. You can add eggs, berries, vegetables. Digestive system Fenca is not ready for fish bones and crude fish.

How to keep?

Selecting the place for a pet, it should be borne in mind that the animal can bounce and climb where it is not necessary. In order for the active being and home of the owner in order, it is important to adhere to the rules:

  1. Put the windows before leaving the house.
  2. Valuable, fighting items should be hidden.
  3. Fenka is better to lock in the cage if he remains one at home.
  4. The relationship between the owner and the pet will help the procedure for combing.
  5. Flys do not tolerate cold. Temperature drops end in colds, inflammation of the eye of the animal, often fatal.
  6. Fuck the hair on a leash for small dogs.

Wild and domesticated foxes are curious. Coolly wait a good moment and achieve goals. Their behavior resembles fragments from fairy tales. The main character, picking up to its objective object, pretends that he is uninteresting, may lie to sleep. As soon as the object lost vigilance, the chanterelle is like here.

  1. Northern Africa, including Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria.
  2. All territory of Europe.
  3. Asia until the very north of India.
  4. North America to the Gulf of Mexico.
  5. Australia (except for some of its northern parts).

Thus, the beast can be met by almost all continents, the foxes are perfectly acclimatized and all the geographic and landscape zones are populated: steppes, deserts, tundra, etc.

Foxes give greater preference to those natural zones where there are ravines, hills and groves in open areas. These pins choose those natural zoneswhere snow cover is not very deep, which makes it difficult to move and overview the locality. Fox refers to a settled animal. But migration is characteristic of some of these mammals. This most often happens in tundra, mountains or deserts.

Fox description

Foxes are incredibly beautiful animals who dedicated songs, poems, fables and even paintings. Depending on the habitat, these predators acquire unusual, compared to the usual forest beauties, appearance features.

His poetic name Lisa received a fur coat for painted in gold. Slavs have always watched the inhabitants of the forest, noting any distinctive details of appearance, behavior or even voices. Translated from Staroslavlyansky "Lisa" marked "yellowish". Therefore, the funny red mushrooms are called "chanterelles".

There is another version of the interpretation of the word. A number of these themselves believes that "Fox" is formed from Slavic "Fox" (spouse, spouse). This theory is also explained in different ways: some explain that some species of these predators create monogamous couples and together raising the cubs, others suggest that they called the tricky hem. There is a third assumption. The word "fox" comes from the Polish "Liszka" (dashing). Thus, the mischievous nature of the animal is noticed.

File Tail Functions

All Fox have a fluffy long tail, which not only decorate the beast, but also serves as a useful fitting for survival. It allows you to develop a greater speed when running, being a special pole for balance. The tail also serves as an effective steering wheel. When a predator chase (for example, a dog) is chasing the rifer, and fucking it, the fluffy train sharply turns at right angles and the animal instantly turns to the side. The pursuer is incredibly rushing further.

Many, probably asked: "Why is the tip of the tail of a white?". The answer is quite simple. Fox in the forest should constantly monitor the cubs. In order not to lose the kids out of sight among foliage, a white beacon was created, which every crumb of fun raises for mom.

In her tail fox spare some nutrients "for a rainy day". Also, this fluffy tool serves as a blanket for an animal. In the cold time, fox covers his nose or a cubs tail. With this part of the body, animals may even communicate! In the raised state, it shows the power of the beast, and the willingness to defend the territory and prey.

Did you know that the fox tail smells like violets? Directly at its base there is a fairly large iron that produces the aroma of colors. This is the perfect device for disguise! Leaving the chase, Fox in the forest removes traces and hides their smell.

How much fox weigh?

Depending on the species, the foxes can reach lengths from 40 cm to 90 cm. The tail length of the adult individual ranges from 20 to 60 cm. And the mass is from 1.5 to 14 kg.

Fox eyes

Fox's eyes are one of the main weapons of the animal on the hunt. Vision is configured to moving objects, which allows you to instantly notice potential prey. Even flying past the butterfly will not be able to hide from a clever predator. Also, all kinds of fox are perfectly focused in the dark, since at night the animals go hunting. No bird, sleeping peacefully on earth or in the thickets, will not remain unnoticed.

Foxes have excellent visual memory. This allows predators to remember the places of refuge, paths. Such ability is very important for survival in the harsh wildlife conditions.

Fox wool

The condition of the animal fur coat for normal existence in a certain area should be acceptable. All types of foxes are carefully prepared for the conditions of the environment in which they will live.

In the summer, the coat stains in these predators masking. Neither you nor little animals notice the approach of fox. In the north of the sands are dressed in white fur, merging with snow. In the mountains where rocks and meager soil are combined, foxes are masked in spotted (gray with ocher) fur coats. Residents of dry deserts received from nature yellow or light-ocher fighter. In the forest of Fox, the robe with his dim light is well hidden against the background of branches, land and fallen foliage.

So far, scientists did not find out why the wool of these predators does not adapt to the color to other times of the year. The fact is that many species of foxes with the onset of winter become brighter. Redhead, brown and black beasts strongly stand out against the background white snowthat, oddly enough, does not affect the efficiency of hunting.

However, depending on the temperature, the fox fur coat structure changes. An animal adapts to nature. In the summer, the fox in the fox is rare, dim, without imprisonment, fits tightly to the body. So much easier to keep the coolness of the body. In winter, after seasonal molting, foxes are applied to dense clothes. The thick shock does not give heat to leave and warms as a down jacket. The upper veil is impregnated by a special secret, not allowing predator to wet (foxes are often falling asleep in the snow).

Species of foxes

Below are given short description Several varieties of foxes:

  • Ordinary Fox (Red Liser) (Lat. Vulpes vulpes.) he is the largest representative of the fox. The fox weight reaches 10 kilograms, and the length of the body together with the tail of 150 cm. Depending on the area of \u200b\u200bliving, the flue of the fox can be somewhat different on the tone saturation, but bright redhead remains the main color of the back and sides, and the belly is white. On the legs clearly traced black "stockings". A characteristic feature of an ordinary fox serves the white tip of the tail and dark, almost black ears. The habitat includes all Europe, the territory of North Africa, Asia (from India to South China), North America and Australia. Representatives of this type of foxes are happy to eat wild mice, hares, a young roe, at a convenient case, the nests of geese and delay, feed on Padal, beetles and insect larvae. Surprisingly, a redhead fox - a fighter fighter of oats sowing: in the absence of meat menu, it attacks the farmland of cereals, inflicting damage.

  • American Fox (Lat. Vulpesmacrotis) - Predatory mammal of medium sizes. The length of the body of the fox varies from 37 cm to 50 cm, the tail reaches a length of 32 cm, the weight of the adult fox oscillates in the gap of 1.9 kg (in the female) - 2.2 kg (at the male). The back of the animal is painted in yellowish gray or whiten tones, and the sides in yellowish brown. Distinctive features This type of foxes are white belly and black tail tip. The side surface of the face and sensitive mustache-vibrates are dark brown or black. The length of the hairs of the fur cover does not exceed 50 mm. Fox dwells in the southwestern deserts of the United States and north of Mexico, feeds on the hare and rodents (kangarov jumpers).

  • Afghan Liser (Bukhara, Belukhistan Liser) (Lat. VulpescANA) - A small animal, which is included in the pet family. The length of the fox does not exceed 0.5 meters. The length of the tail is 33-41 cm. The weight of the fox varies in the range of 1.5-3 kilograms. From other types of foxes, the Bukhara Fox is characterized by quite large ears, the height of which reaches 9 cm, and dark stripes, walking from the upper lip to the corners of the eyes. In winter, the wool painting of foxes on the back and sides acquires a rich brown-gray color with separate seva hair of black. In summer, its intensity is reduced, and the whims of the throat, breast and belly remains unchanged. In the Afghan fox on the surface of the paw pads there is no hair cover, protecting other desert lyscisses from hot sand. The main habitat of Foxes is East Iran, the territory of Afghanistan and Industan. Less often meets in Egypt, Turkmenistan, UAE, Pakistan. Afghan fox - Animal omnivorous. The appetite absorbs locust, mice and gophers, does not refuse the vegetarian menu.

  • African Fox (Lat. Vulpespallida) It has external similarity With red fox (lat. Vulpes vulpes) However, it has more modest sizes. The total length of the fox body together with the tail does not exceed 70-75 cm, and the weight rarely reaches 3.5-3.6 kg. Unlike ordinary fox, her African relatives have more long legs and ears. The color of the back, paws and tail with a black tip redhead with a brown tint, and the face and belly - white. Around the eyes of adults, the black bezel is clearly visible, and a strip of dark rubbed fur passes along the ridge. African fox lives in African countries - it can often be seen in Senegal, Sudan and in Somalia. Fox food consists of both animals (small rodents, lizards) and vegetable components.

  • Bengal Liser (Indian Fox) (Lat. Vulpesbengalensis). This type of foxes is characterized by medium sizes. The height of adult individuals in the withers does not exceed 28-30 cm, the fox weight ranges from 1.8 to 3.2 kg, and the maximum body length reaches 60 cm. The fox's tail length with a black tip rarely reaches 28 cm. Wool that forms hair cover , short and united. It is painted in various shades of sandy-brown or red-brown. This kind of foxes live in the foothills of Himalayas, perfectly feels in India and on the territory of Bangladesh and Nepal. In the Indian fox menu, there is always a place for sweet fruits, but preference is given to lizards, birds of birds, mice, insects.

  • Corsac, Steppe Fox (Lat. Vulpescorsac) It has a remote similarity with an ordinary fox, however, in contrast to her representatives of this type of foxes, a shorter pointed muzzle, large broad ears and longer legs. The length of the body of an adult criss - 0.5-0.6 m, and the weight of the fox ranges from 4 to 6 kg. The color of the back, the sides and the tail of the fox are gray, sometimes with a red or red tint, and the color of the belly - yellowish or white. Characteristic feature This species is a bright chin coloring and a lower lip, as well as a dark brown or black color of the tip of the tail. The steppe fox lives in many countries: from the south-east of Europe to Asia, including Iran, the territory of Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Afghanistan and Azerbaijan. It is often found in the Caucasus and the Urals, lives on Don and in the Lower Volga region. Steppe fox feed rodents (voles, tushkars, mice), ruin nests, hunting for bird eggsSometimes they attack heroes and hares. There are practically no vegetable food in the diet of steppelims.

  • Sand Fox (Lat. VulpesrUEPPELLI) It has been characterized by large, wide ears and paws, whose pads are protected from hot sand with thick fur cover. Unlike most relatives, representatives of this type of fox are well developed not only the hearing and smell, but also vision. The pale brown color of the back, tail and sides with separate white oratory hair belongs to the fox of a good masking color in conditions of sandy and stone places in habitats. The weight of adult animals rarely comes up to 3.5-3.6 kg, and the length of the body of the fox, along with the tail does not exceed 85-90 cm. Sand fox lives in a desert terrain. Numerous populations are found in the sands of the Sahara desert - from Morocco and sultry Egypt to Somalia and Tunisia. It feeds the sand fox is not too diverse, which is associated with the habitat. The foxes include lizards, tushkanks and mice, spiders and scorpions, which an animal is absolutely not afraid and cleansing.

  • Tibetan Fox (Lat. Vulpesferrilata) It grows up to sizes 60-70 cm and weighs about 5 kg. Rustfully brown or fiery-red back color, gradually turning into the light gray color of the sides and white belly, creates the impression of strips passing along the body of the fox. Fur fox is dense and longer than other species. Fox dwells in the territory of the Tibetan plateau, less often meets in northern India, Nepal, in some provinces of China. The food of the Tibetan fox is diverse, but it is the basis of food (senostavka), although fox with pleasure catches mice and hares, does not happen the bird and her eggs, eats lizards and sweet berries.

  • South African Fox (Lat. Vulpes Chama)- rather large animal with a mass of 3.5 to 5 kg and body length from 45 to 60 cm. The tail length is 30-40 cm. Fox color varies from gray with a silver tinge to almost black on the back and gray with a yellowish tint on the stomach . Fox dwells exclusively in the countries of South Africa, especially large populations are found in Angola and Zimbabwe. Oshoric species Fox: Small rodents are in food, lizards, low nesting birds and their eggs, Padal and even food garbage that the animal finds out, entering private yards or landfills.

Fox character and lifestyle

Fox most often prefers to extradite food in the afternoon. But she has absolutely all necessary skills For night hunting than she sometimes does. Her senses are very highly developed, many predators can envy them.

The vision of the fox is at such a high level that she sees everything even during rather poor visibility. Her ears who are constantly moving, catch the slightest rustling, it helps the fox to notice rodents. With the slightest hint of the fact that there is a mouse nearby, Fox is completely freezing and trying to calculate in this position, where and how rodent sits.

After that, she makes a powerful jump and lands just for the victim, tightly pressing it to the ground. Each predator has its own intercreated territory. Many farmers consider this animal as a pest for agriculture. This question can be viewed on both sides completely opposite to each other.

Yes, these predators are considered how the threat of a poultry, they can wade into the chicken coop and steal it. But it was noticed that Fox chooses the weakest and unsuitable for the life of chickens. On the other hand, "Red Bestiya" destroys on the fields and next to the barns of rodents, which helps to save and double the crop.

For fox, a very dangerous meeting with eagles, coins, wolves, a bear, a puma and man. In addition to the fact that people hunt an animal because of his beautiful valuable fur, a pathoral hunt has long been open on the animal, during which equestrian people with dogs surround the fox and drive it to death.

It is this kind of hunting since 2004 was prohibited, but all the rest of her kinds remain legal. In Japan, this animal worship. Fox for them is the God of Rain and the Messenger of Rice God. According to the Japanese, Lisa protects a person from evil and is a symbol of longevity. Indigenous Americans ruled in their opinion about this animal. Those Indians who live closer to the north, they say that she is a wise and a noble messenger from heaven. The tribes living in the plains argue that Fox is a tricky and a sealing predator that can lure a person in deadly in seconds.

For us, Fox is a wise, decisive, with an incredible desire for the actions of the animal. In the world of animal foxes - these are beasts with huge internal qualities and potential.

Where Lisa lives: Fox habits. Fox Nora

Foxes do not always live in Norah. These housing are used only when growing offspring, and everything else is spent in an open place. There are practically no feeling at home. They will set out where they like it, and that is not long. Lisa willingly dig holes near the housing of a person, sometimes foxes will raise even in big cities. Fox often does not want to dig a hole independently and uses other people's home, for example, Lisa is very respectful of comfortable holes, torn by a badger.

Mathers Fox will acquire Norah not only to grow off the offspring or hide from continuous weather. Often holes serve as a refuge in case of danger. The old fox, as usual, is not one Nora, where its brood is placed, and several minutes, which provide her reliable refuge in exceptional cases.

Fox output holes are mainly located on ravine rods, not far from the stream, in the forest more often, i.e., where people usually do not raise. It happens that the fox from year to year returns to the one after the Nore. Then such "apartments" are constantly expanding, reproduce, acquire an additional few "rooms", which are usually located in 2 - 3 floors. The hunters are familiar with such nonoras and call them "centuries".

Usually, the foxes are supplied with several outlets, which allow it in case of danger, imperceptibly leave their refuge. The main lane that fastened regularly uses for the entrance and exit, noticeable. Usually it is a clean platform, sprinkled with sand, which appeared here as a result of a long-term cleaning of the hole. Here you can often see playing lisate.

Period Links in Fox

By the end of winter, the fox fur coat, it is brilliant and fluffy, begins to fill up and becomes coarse. The fox begins the molting period - the hair falls out, and the beast loses its external appeal. The molting occurs pretty quickly, and already to May Fox are seized with a new coat - summer. If the fox is sick or hud, the molting period is stretched, and even even in June you can see the fox with an expanted winter fur. Summer wool is not valued: it is rude and rare, since the undercoat is practically no, - with the beginning of autumn, the wool begins to thick. And only with the onset of colds, the fox fur begins to be considered full.

What feeds fox. How hunts fox?

Fox - a magnificent hunter. In addition to observation and intelligence, it has excellent memory, good sense of smell and wonderful acute hearing. The peak of the pools, for example, Lisa hears over 100 m. Being a predator, Fox uses in food of various animals. She is happy to eat mice, hares, rabbits, amphibians, reptiles, after the rain, digs out of the ground of the rainwood, the river catches fish and crayfish. But especially likes a red-haired fluther to enjoy a bird. Therefore, it often looks in the chickenurs. By the way, the neighborhood of the Fox person does not scare at all, so it is often possible to meet the Lisa Nura completely close to the village. The meat diet of a fox with success complements berries, apples, vegetables.

Each fox has its own individual feed plot. She jealously protects him from the invasion of outsiders and always knows what is happening close to her hole. Lisa is hunting usually in the evening and at night, although there are exceptions. Some animals prefer to bypass the sites of the Boots of the Zaitsev, hunting birds and feed on an exceptionally large game, neglecting mice or frogs.

Despite the fact that the fox does not miss the case to enjoy a hare, catch a tetherka or to ruin the bird's nest, in the forest it brings much more benefit than harm. The main foxes remain voles, mice, horses and other rodents, harm to agriculture. And the younger lisies in large quantities exterminate the May beetles - famous pests in forest areas.

Reproduction

Like the wolf, the fox belongs to the monogamous animals, which multiply only once a year. Gone time and its effectiveness depend on the weather and fatness of the beasts. There are years when up to 60% of females remain without offspring.

Even in winter, foxes begin searching for places to bring out young people, and regret them. Outless holes at this time practically does not happen, in the case of the death of one female, its dwelling immediately occupies another. Behind the female often take care of two or three male, bloody fights occur between them.

Foxes - good parents. The males take an active part in the upbringing of the offspring, and also care about girlfriends even before the appearance of lisate. They landslide the holes, they even catch flea in females. In the event of the death of the father, its place occupies another idle of the male, sometimes fox even fights among themselves for the right to become a stepfather.

Pregnancy in Lisits lasts 49-58 days. In the sump there are from 4-6 to 12-13 puppies covered with dark-brown wool. Outwardly, they resemble wagins, but differ in the white tip of the tail. At a two-week aged, Lysyata begin to see and hear, they cut the first teeth. Both parents take part in the upbringing. Father and mother show extreme caution at this time, and in the event of a threat, they will immediately move the cubs to the spare hole. Also, they are forced to hunt around the clock to feed offspring. The younger puppies are early starting to leave "at home" and are often found far from him, being very small.

A month and a half mother feeds devoted to milk; In addition, parents gradually teach the cubs to ordinary food, as well as to mine. Soon, the hands of Lysyat begin to walk with her father and mother on the hunt, playing among themselves, piercing the elder, sometimes endangering the whole family. From the time of the gone to the final exit, the devotes from the hole takes about 6 months. By the fall, Lysali is quite growing and can live on their own. The males go to 20-40 kilometers, females - by 10-15, rarely by 30 kilometers, looking for a plot and a couple. Some females are already with next year Begin to multiply, in any case, reaches puberty at a biennium.

Economic significance

Fox has a lot of economic importance as valuable fur beast, as well as the regulator of the number of rodents and insects. At the same time, damage, which is applied by folmy game and poultry, is much less than the beneficia that they bring, destroying rodents - consumers of grain.

Lisizers specifically to produce fur is bred in captivity. IN late XIX. A century artificially replaced the breed of silver-black (black) foxes. Then, due to the selection, this breed has been significantly improved (compared to the wild type) the quality of the fur, as well as a number of other fur breeds on its basis: Platinum, Bakurian, Dakotskaya and others.

In the south of Europe, wild foxes are the most common carrier of rabies virus, so everywhere their vaccination is carried out.

Domestication

In 1959, D.K. Belyaev, Director of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, a long-term experiment on domestication of silver-black foxes was launched. In the process of the experiment, only the individual was selected for reproduction, the most benevolently belonging to the person. The result of the experiment was the creation of a population of domesticated silver-black foxes, which have differences from their wild ancestors in physiology, morphology and behavior. As a result, there was a population of domestic foxes, some representatives of which were manifested by signs that were absent from the original population: a curled tail, a change in wool coloring (the appearance of white spotty), a change in the proportions of the skull, some puppies at an early age are noticeable ears. There was a change in seasonality of breeding. There are changes in B. various systems, including neuroendocrine. The quality of fur has deteriorated. This project is a model of a microevolutionary process and is conducted in research purposes.

  • In ancient times, the skins were equivalent of money signs.
  • Foxes are very clever and cunning animals, often confusing the hunting dogs that pursue their hunting dogs.
  • The nickname "Patriyevna" Fox received from the name of Novgorod Prince Patrica, who became famous in his time with the cunning and dodging in trade affairs.
  • Fox image is widely used in folklore and literature different countries. In most of them, the animal is a symbol of tricks. However, in the ancient Mesopotamia Fox was a sacred animal, and in Japan he was considered short.
  • Most famous worksIn which the fox is one of the main characters, this is the poem of the late XII century "Roman about the Fox", the fairy tale of Carlo Collodi "Adventures Pinocchio" and "Little Prince", written by the famous Antoine de Saint-Exupery.
  • The fox's rumor is so perfect that she can hear a peak field mouse at a distance of 100 m.
  • While fox meals, the meat freshes into small pieces and swallows them without having chewing.
  • The image of a small chanterelle from the appearance of the phenox is the logo of the line of multimedia products Firefox.
  • The grivy wolf is very similar to the fox, but does not apply to the genus of foxes. In addition, he does not have a characteristic sign of fox - vertical pupil.

Video

Sources

    https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/amental_lisitsa#Razznoguization https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisitsa

Fox is a very fast, ferocious and cunning predator. But this does not mean that she herself does not become a victim of stronger predators.

There are many different predators who consider it good food. Since the fox is medium in size, it makes it enough easy prey for many large animals. At the same time, it is not too difficult to overcome.

And in today's article we will tell about who can be a potential enemy for this animal.

Lynx

Worth the question "Who eats the Fox?" Immediately you need to answer - lynx. Lynx is an animal that lives next to the fox. These are very experienced hunters with powerful jaws. Fox for this type of cat is familiar food. In most cases, when you meet these two animals, the fox dies and becomes food for a stronger cat.

Wolves

Despite the fact that he, like Fox, is the ping, that is, in essence, relatives, he will still hunt her. Since wolves live in a flock, and it consists of large number individuals, they can bypass their sacrifice from different sides. They start moving to mining, forming a narrow circle, so that the victims have no opportunity to escape.

Since one, even adult fox, will not be enough to feed all members of the flock, wolves will begin to hunt behind the large number of animals.

In general, it is not their favorite delicacy. Yes, and in size is small, especially for voracious young males. However, if food in the forest, or another place of habitat, there will be little, then the wolves will start practicing cannibalism.

For this reason, in some areas of the planet, they meet each other as enemies, and in other areas as representatives of the pet family.

The wolf is a very wise hunter and will do everything possible to provide sufficient food all his flock. Therefore, in the regions where foxes and wolves and wolves live with liveliness, are in serious danger.

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This, by the way, says statistics. In those regions where there are no wolves, but there is a fox, it feels almost in complete safety. Moreover, in such regions there is a rapid increase in the number of "red". On average, their population has grown in two, and somewhere three times in the absence of wolves.

It seems due to folk tales We know everything about the fox. She is the first raider in the world who captured the Lubyanny's huddle the hut just because it was cold to winter in ice. She is an unfortunate business partner with which it is better not to bind to even a straightforward ineffective wolf. It is so cunning that can get out of any delicate situation, especially such that would threaten her life or red fluffy tail.

In the folklore of many nations of the world, she was assigned the status of "antihero", and even the famous medieval "novel about the fox", in which Fox Renar on the background of the characters opposing him looks very attractive, could not shake this opinion.

Naturally, the answer to the question than Fox feeds is supposed to be unequivocal: the sphere of its gastronomic interests is defenseless bunnies, bunnies, so carelessly escaped from their owners, the chicken, who did not have time to keep track of for any reason ... And we, like the lead The popular American TV shows "Destroyers of myths", try now to find out how "the fairy tale is a lie" and what percentage of the hint there is in it. Especially since lately To contain foxes at home enters the fashion, and it is natural that their owners are very interested in the issue of nutrition of their red pets.

But, as usual, we will start in order and a little afar.

According to science ...

If we turn to the primary common information To scientists, with considerable surprise we learn about the disagreements in the definition of which animals can be attributed to Lisam. We will be told that in the general word, "Fox" is called mammals of the pets, and add that only ten species zoologists refer to this family. However, the existing classification consists of at least 22 species. Thus, we can make an intermediate conclusion that the fox nutrition directly depends on two factors: where it lives and what kind of belongs.

The most famous and common representative of the fox, which is mainly and will go, this is an ordinary fox. It is common for most of the sushi - both in the Russian forest and in Canadian tundra and in the arid regions of North Asia and on the shores of the Gulf of Mexico. There are more than 40 subspecies on the whole territory habitable, not counting those that are artificial in captivity for the sake of fur producing. But they differ from each other rather formal signs than in essential.

What is food

In the nutritional issue, Lisa exhibits amazing omnivores. With all the fact that it is a predator to such an extent that in the winter does not circulate and Padalu, there are also a number of plants in its menu. The main component of its diet in the wild, especially in winter - these are small rodents: mouse-tolets, steppe beds, shapshonki, lemmings, ondatras. There is even special view Hunting for them - professional - inherent in the fox and consisting in the following: I teaching the rodent snow, she first "listens" him, then, having won the moment, dives under the snow or scatters his paws, seeking to grab his sacrifice. The value of the foxes for fox is so large that its population even directly depends on their number.

A common opinion, as if foxes feed on the hare, not quite correspond to reality. Typically, the foxes neglect them by virtue of the difference in size, although there are examples when they really hunt for a raise and eat the corpses of adult hares. Foxes of large sizes can also hunt for cubs roe. Fox will not pass and past the birds, who had on Earth, can enjoy even a large bird like a muffuhar, ruin the nest with eggs or eat chicks. Not quite truly and approval, as if fox eat chickens and other poultry. Of course, if she settled not far from the dwelling, it would not be premunted to make a raid on the chicken coop, but it will not do it as often as it is customary - mostly in periods of feeding lisate. However, this danger can be minimized by adopting certain security measures against their chickens. A well-scary enemy for chickens is a center.

The south of the habitat of the fox, the more sophisticated and an unusual her diet. In the deserts and semi-desert terrain fox feeds on various reptiles. Living near the rivers (in particular, in Canada) foxes feed on dead salmon. In the summer, insects - beetles and grasshoppers fall into the sphere of gastronomic preferences. Finally, the very plants that we mentioned at the beginning, and their fruits, fruits and berries are the fox menu component in the south.

As for the representatives of other types of fox, they mainly feed on the same as an ordinary fox. Differences in food are dictated by the habitat and rather knowledgeable, rather than principled, representing the change in the share of certain feeds. We will talk about these features now.

  1. the Menu of the American Corsake consists of rodents, rabbits, birds that nest on Earth, small reptiles and fruits. In winter, he will not pass by fell by falling, and in the summer - past insects (beetles, grasshoppers and locusts), which can be up to half of its entire diet.
  2. afghan fox of more vegetatively than other species. In addition to the deserted and semi-desert flora and plants of mountainous locations, where she is most of the benefit, Fox is also eating insects, not excluding locusts, and small rodents. She also climbs up with mesh cultures - in those areas where they are grown, it can be found quite often.
  3. the African Fox is the most herbivore of all fox, also prefers berries and fruits. Occasionally she can diversify her dinner with rodents, lizards and invertebrates.
  4. bengal fox eats small animals, insects, reptiles, beetles, eggs of birds and only occasionally - fruit.
  5. the gastronomic interests of the Corsaq (steppe fox) coincide with the preferences of ordinary fox, so they are food competitors and enemies for each other. Differences in their menu are only that occasionally the Corsac can hunt gophers, heels and hares - both adults and cubs - and that plants and fruits are almost not interested in it.
  6. the sand fox eats practically the same as the Afghan Fox.
  7. the main role in the diet of Tibetan fox is played - small, outwardly resembling hamsters of animals. In addition to them, it feeds on other animals related animals - hares, rodents, and also birds that nest on Earth and their eggs. There may also be berries, insects and small reptiles.
  8. fenete, living in the deserts of the northern and central part of the African continent, is one of the most unported representatives of the fox. A significant part of the feed - and these are small animals, eggs, various insects, locust, Padal, fruits and roots of plants - he has to dig up. Ensure to prey to feed the big ears that can capture the smallest rust that is produced by its potential victims.
  9. south African fox, feeding with small animals and fruits, also includes omnivor species.
  10. spring, which is also called the polar fox, is also omnivorous thanks to its area. His behavior can serve as an excellent illustration of the saying "Hunger is not aunt, the pie will not give up." At the heart of its nutrition, as in many species, they lie rodents - most often lemmings - and birds. In addition, it is actively feeding on fish - both mined himself and thrown on the shore - and almost all kinds of scarce northern vegetation - berries, herbs, even algae. Large share Its menu make up the palm and the animals that have fallen into trap - including their own conifers. Sands often be seen by the accompanying polar bears - he picks up the meat of dead seals abandoned with them. Sometimes he even hunts on the babies of the reindeer.
  11. gray Fox (Wood Fox), which will often meet in the North American Forest, feeds on various forest rodents, birds, insects, sometimes chickens. It is also favorable to vegetable food and will not miss the case of ruining a Belich or a bird's nest due to the fact that it climbs on the trees.
  12. the island fox who lives only in one place - on the six Islands of Chenep off the coast of Southern California, it is powered by the fact that you can meet there: insects, fruits, small animals, reptiles, birds and their eggs. Interestingly, in nature there are six subspecies of the island fox - exactly in terms of the number of islands, and that only his subspecies inherent in every island inherent in every island.
  13. on the ration of Majonta celebrating in South America, It affects seasonality, so it is almost the most diverse. Maykong feeds on all that they can offer him the surrounding flora and fauna: rodents and silent (mole and opossum), reptiles, birds, fish, turtles eggs, insects, crabs, padals, berries. Sometimes he even abducts chickens and domestic ducks.
  14. about the nutrition of a small fox, which lives in the South American forest, is almost nothing unknown, as it leads secretive life, and its color is also promoted. It is only possible to assume that its menu is vegetable food and some small forest inhabitants.
  15. andean fox (Culpio) is mainly powered by traditionally - rodents, birds, lizards, hares, rabbits and food. Interestingly, only occasionally it allows himself to eat Padal or some kind of plant food.
  16. on the menu of South American Foxes, like Majonga, affects the change of seasons. In the spring and summer, it feeds on rodents, occasionally - rabbits and birds, in the fall switched to fruits, seeds and berries. Interestingly, in some places of its range (and it is common on all southern South American mainland) Fox, on the contrary, prefers to European rabbits, birds and their eggs, also eats scorpions reptiles. In winter, there are almost the main source of nutrition in its menu, rodents and Armadillas. If the fox of this species lives near the settlement, it can be touched and poultry.
  17. darwinian Fox prefers to eat insects, small mammals, birds, amphibians, berries and padals.
  18. the Paraguayan Fox Food is almost no different from the May Kong food and, in addition, includes hares, scorpions, armadors and snails.
  19. brazilian (she is gray) Fox insecto and feed on termites and grasshoppers, but rodents can also be found in its diet.
  20. the Securan Liser mainly consumes vegetable food, but can also diversify his breakfast for grasscraft, mice, padalu, scorpions, fruits, poultry and marine pigsAnd with the hunting on the last two fox, even its small dimensions do not stop.
  21. the larger of the Fox (Motlosi, Sechuan) is perhaps the least diverse in its nutrition, but at the same time, in comparison with the power of the other fox, it is most unexpected. Insects (termites, beetles and locusts) and their larvae occupy the main place in its menu, and only less than one tenth of the entire diet falls on lizards, rodents and bird eggs. Occasionally she can afford to eat something vegetable. It is also known that the lack of fox is sweet tooth and loves honey and sweet fruits and fruits. The addiction to them comes to the fact that if they are in sufficiency, it can eat them more often than favorite insects.

Conclusion

As can be seen from all of the above, Lisa remains a predator in any corner globeEven fighting it with insects and fruits. Therefore, to a question, whether a fox is dangerous for a hare, you can answer like this: it all depends on where the bunny will have to live. If - in the forest, then the ordinary fox can pass by him; If in the steppe, the Corsak does not seem to have dinner.