Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova entered the history of cosmonautics his name with gold letters. Indeed, the flight of man in space - by no means an ordinary event capable of impressing the whole world. Especially if the cosmonaut this is a fragile woman, such a step in the eyes of the public looks like a fencing feat!

Childhood and parents

The future World Celebrity was born in the village of Maslennikovo Tutaevsky district of the Yaroslavl region on March 6, 1937. Her family was completely absorbed in the field of agriculture. Father Vali, Vladimir Aksenovich Tereshkov, implemented himself in the difficult activity of the tractor driver. Mother worked in the collective farm, in a textile factory.

In young age

Childhood Tereshkova was pretty heavy, as it had to be in the war years, when troubles, devastation and despair reigned around. And given the fact that in 1939 her father died at the front during the times of the Soviet-Finnish military conflict, indeed, a very difficult period of life experienced the future celebrity.

In school, the little currency first went in 1945, just after the victorious completion of the Great Patriotic War. But taking into account the rather heavy material situation in her family, was forced in 1955, immediately after the end of the seventh grade, offended and get a job on the tire production plant, located in the city of Yaroslavl.

However, the girl still finished high SchoolBy doing on the evening office, the general program of which most Soviet people have compiled in those days.

Career

So it turned out, perhaps even the will of the fate, that at the age of 17, Tereshkova was recorded and walked with Hunting in the Yaroslavsky Aeroslub. Jumping with a parachute, which were often practiced there, she fell like. In total, Valentina Vladimirovna performed 163 jumps from the aircraft, which is a very solid indicator, especially for a woman. Tereshkova even received a sporty discharge for success in parachute sports.

Parachute sport so much managed to attract the attention of Valentina Vladimirovna, that she could no longer cease to do it. And precisely because of this hobby, it began its hard and pretty thorny path in the cosmonaut team.

After the successful end of the evening school, Valentine enters extramural Technical school light industry. Here the learning process lasted 5 years, from 1955 to 1960.
Entered in 1960, Tereshkova immediately became secretary komsomol organization. She was able to successfully work on this position for two years.

Back in 1962, the famous constructor of rocket and space technology Sergei Queen was voiced by the idea to send a woman to conquer space expanses. This idea was approved at the level of the highest leadership of the Communist Party then.

After a thorough search began to search for the most suitable candidate for embodiment in the reality of this bold design.

However, the process of choosing a woman-astronaut passed quite difficult. For all participants, it was presented to the basic requirements: the candidate was obligatory should have been involved parachute sports, It should be up to 170 centimeters, and the weight does not exceed 70 kilograms.

The main candidates for astronauts were originally selected 5 girls, among whom were Tereshkova. All girls started everyday exhausting training, during which it became clear that Valentina Tereshkova was the most suitable candidate for a flight to space.

And now it came on June 16, 1963 - a landmark day for Tereshkova. It was then that she on board the East-6 spacecraft launched towards the unknown and mysterious cosmic dala. The flight was held for more than two days and all this time Valentine died in a state of weightless, having completed 48 turns around the planet Earth!

At the end of the program, the East-6 spacecraft, landed in the Baevsky district of the Altai Territory. For such a high achievement in the field of astronautics, as well as for the world-demonstrated resistance and perseverance in achieving the target, Tereshkova received honorary title "Hero of the Soviet Union". In addition, the first in the history of the woman-astronaut has been awarded as a reward of the Order of Lenin, as well as the medal "Golden Star".

Until the last moment, Valentina Vladimirovna could not assume that she could conquer space! News about the grandiose, treated the entire public Flying Tereshkova, they were able to hear only on the radio!

The cosmonavka tried to hide their true ideas from them, saying that he was sent to a parachute jumping competition. As the carriage itself was confessed, the motive of such actions was dictated by the fact that she was afraid of the experiences of their relatives, therefore he tried to protect them from these emotions.

In the history of world cosmonautics, the flight Tereshkova became the only case when a woman alone was able to implement such an extraordinary act!

After his famous flight, Tereshkova works as an instructor in the field of astronautics, is a tester of spacecraft. In 1964, Zhukovsky entered the Air Force Academy, in 1969 she graduated from a red diploma, in which the profession of the pilot-cosmonaut-engineer was.

During his training, Valentina Vladimirovna could write more than 50 scientific papers on specialization.

However, since 1966, Tereshkova is actively immersed in public operation. Thanks to her, the cosmonus was able to get a huge number of different awards, was awarded a variety of confessions both in the Soviet Union and far beyond.

In the period from 1968 to 1987, Valentina Vladimirovna works on high position Chairman of the Committee of Soviet women. After that, Tereshkova occupies the post of head of the Presidium of the Union of Soviet Society of Friendship and Culture Communication with foreign countrieswhich worked until 1992.

Starting from 1992, Tereshkova is the main presidium Russian Association international cooperationAlready in 1995, Valentina Vladimirovna became the chairman of the Interdepartmental Council to coordinate the activities of Russian centers of science.

But since 1997, Tereshkova works at the Center for the Training of Cosmonauts, where he holds the position of senior researcher.

Since 2008, Tereshkova has been included in the deputy composition of the State Duma of Russia.

Personal life and children Valentina Tereshkova

Living ordinary earthly life, Tereshkova in 1963 marries Andriyan Grigorievich Nikolayev, while also the famous astronaut. Soon, in 1964, Elena's daughter appears in them. However, 1974 became solid for Valentina Vladimirovna and Nikolaev, the family broke up, the spouses divorced. Repeatedly she married Julia Shaposhnikov, who died in 1999.\u003e

With Andrian Nikolaev and daughter Alena. 1967 year

Tereshkova now

Valentina Tereshkova, who in the spring of 2018 oversail a 80-year-old frontier, received many wishes, including personally from the President of the Russian Federation. The first woman-cosmonaut noted the head orthodox church. Patriarch was awarded Valentina Tereshkov the Order of Euphrosynia Moscow on her birthday, March 6th.

A week later, Valentine opened the exposition in London, which was devoted to her. The public met Valentina Vladimirovna applause, and in the autumn of UNESCO noted Major General in resigning Tereshkov's medal for achievements in science on space.

Biography

About your marriage The world's first-cosmonaut of Valentina Tereshkova never told anyone. Exactly thirty-eight years ago, she became a wife no less legendary than herself, astronaut - Andrian Nikolaeva. They lived together not so long - eight years. Their marriage is enveloped by the secret and soline. So what are the former spouses silent? We have gathered together all that about this is known.

"From there" she returned to a completely different person

To fly into space was not Valentina Tereshkova, but her friend on the Aerokluba Tatiana Morozychev, who had much more parachute jumps. But at the medical school suddenly it turned out that Tanya is waiting for a child. They say, soon, so without recovering from shock, this woman opened.

When 26-year-old Valentine launched safely after the flight, many feeling of resentment and envy changed pity. Space trip Tereshkova suffered badly. These seventy hours have become a real hell for her. Almost all the time Valentina continuously nauseous and rushed. But she tried to hold on - reports went to the ground: "I -" Seagull ". Flying is normal. " And during the catapult, Tereshkova hit his head about the helmet - landed with a big bruise on the cheek and temple. Valentine was almost unconscious. It was urgently sent to the hospital to Moscow. Only in the evening the laminated domestic medicine was reported that life and health Tereshkova outside the danger. The next day, I urgently made the stage shooting for the newsreel: Tereshkov was put in the apparatus, filmed the extras running to it. Then one of them opened the cover of the device. Tereshkova sat inside, cheerful, smiling. These frames have shielded the whole world.

From space "Chaika" returned to a woman-symbol. She is starting to imitate - the ladies are asking for hairdressers to make a haircut, like Tereshkova. On the shelves appear wrist Watch "Gull". She is invited to the Kremlin - kiss a handle. Public organizations around the world want to see it with their honorable member. Her jacket, except the Hero's star, decorate two orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, the Labor Red Banner and Friendship of Peoples. She is the hero of the republics of Bulgaria and Mongolia. Tereshkova becomes a woman legend. She is assigned to the general title (it is still - the only one in russian army Female general). One of the craters on the moon is called her name.

Everyone who knew her said that "from there" Tereshkova returned to a completely different person. Especially divided "star disease" of her countrymen. She arrived in Native Yaroslavl a month after the flight. At the plant organized a rally. The townspeople waited at the gate when the famous cosmonaut after a meeting with weaves will come to them. And Tereshkov black moved to the pier to the category. The people stayed with the nose. After it was supposed to be a meeting with countrymen at the stadium. And again people waited for the heroine, they prepared, dressed up. And came - and did not see anything.

"Then we met with her," says Romanov, the main power engineer of the Red Perepop Textile Combine. "But she could no longer be herself." Supported another image. All the time with a retinue that did not let her go for a minute. The secretaries of the committees, the towns ... It seems to be, as before, asked: "How are you?", And the tone is different. More high phrases. We learned about her life only from newspapers.

Susked by Khrushchev himself?

Five months after the flight - November 3, 1963 - Tereshkova unexpectedly for many married astronaut Andrian Nikolaev. No one could try in a sense why this man became her husband. They rummed that she was in love with Gagarin, but he was already married. Yaroslavls remembered that she had some kind of groom, but who he was, where and what about him? One newspaper called the name of Robert Silin, with whom Valentine practiced in the aeroslobe and for whom allegedly was going to marry. However, it was not possible to find this person to journalists.

- Close relationship, as accepted today, were rare, "says Romanov. "Although, of course, they cared for her." She was friends with Valentine Aristov. We went to the cinema, in the theater, the evenings walked, probably kissed. And they did not hide their relationship.

The only explanation for this unexpected for all marriage for many was the fact that Khrushchev sucks themselves.
Pushed him to this medical scientists who wanted to continue the study started in space human organism During and after the flight. In addition, the head of the state wanted to show the whole world, what "right" Soviet people - and make what they need, and marry, on whom it is necessary. Really such star couple It was not anywhere in the world. At that time, Nikolaev was the only one who stayed in space longer - four days. He is the first one who was allowed to take away from the chair and go to "free swimming". In addition, he was the only idle man in the team of astronauts.

True, there were those who completely denied the version of the marriage for the calculation of Khrushchev. The third woman-astronaut Elena Kondakova said: "Members of the first detachment were so privileged people that Nikita Sergeevich himself listened to them. And if Valentina Vladimirovna said "no", no CPSU Central Committee could make. "

- Yes, Khrushchev was zero, he did not solve anything! - Andrian Nikolaev himself said in one interview. "He, on the contrary, spoiled us a wedding." I wanted to spend it in the House of Officers of the Moscow Garrison, ordered a table for 300 seats, and Khrushchev conveyed that the wedding would be in the Government reception house.
And there they could accommodate only 200 people. A hundred friends and relatives we asked to wait for us in a star town. And as soon as Khrushchev and his wife left the wedding, we immediately fled to the star.

A year later, Valentina and Andrian was born daughter. There is an opinion that the girl was born premature and deaf. Nevertheless, besides the squint, in childhood there are no other external factors,
Indicating its ailment, no one noticed. Elena graduated with honors from school, medical institute. Now she is married, she grows the son of Alyosha, who tells everyone that his grandfather and grandmother flew on a rocket. Neither the marriage of mother and father, nor the daughter says nothing about the divorce. It is possible that all the nuances of Tereshkova did not reveal it so far.

She is fire, he is water

The divorce of the star couple shocked many no less than the wedding. I must say that at the same time it was not easy for them - family quarrels In the detachment of astronauts then disassembled numerous commissions. However, the divorce is not for everyone a surprise. When the Tereshkova family and Nikolaev only appeared, there were those who understood: it would not for a long time. The General Nikolai Kamanin, well-split in people, was recorded in his diary on November 10, 1963: "Yesterday, on the airfield, Valya and Andrian smiled and were completely satisfied with each other .... For politics and science, their marriage may be useful, but I'm not at all sure that Valya really loves Andrian. They are too different: she is fire, and he is water. Both strong, volitional people, none of them voluntarily obey the other ... From this marriage will win Nikolaev, and Tereshkova can only lose. "

Andrian Grigorievich himself, in the first of his book, we will meet in orbit, published in the 66th, gently and warmly writes about the spouse: "We are happy. We found each other as the most cherished in life. Got common views on life, general work, common goals And, as Valya said, one river. Both of us from the Volga ... "And in the second book" Cosmos - the road without end ", published in the 79th, about Tereshkova - short and dry.

About her present life is also known

At the beginning of the 80s, Valentina Tereshkova met Julia Germanovich Shaposhnikov, heading the Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics. They said that he threw it because of her former family. A few years ago he died of cancer. "Modesta and worker", - so it was characterized. Yes, and Valentina Vladimirovna, the heat spoke about the second husband.

Unfortunately, truly close people have almost left for the first woman-astronaut. Her younger brother of Volodya, who worked by a film operator in Star, died a few years ago. I have long been alive and moms. For a very long time I was looking for Valentina Vladimirovna the grave of the Father, who died on the Karelian Isthmus. Thanks to one of the Marshals of the Ministry of Defense, which allocated funds for flight farm, found fraternal burial, overgrown with forest. Put a monument and regularly happening there.

They say, now Sweets are much smaller. It is always modestly dressed, the same hardworking. Somehow her guest was school teachers. They told: I got up at six in the morning, the porridge porridge, I fed all ... Tereshkova did a lot for Yaroslavl, helps people. In 1996, the director of the school in which Valentina Vladimirovna studied was seriously ill. I needed an operation. Thanks to Tereshkova made in Moscow for free.

The Government of the USSR and Russia never left the first cosmonaut woman. She was always on state and public work. Tereshkova has huge ties, thanks to which they say, she has become a general at the last moment before retirement. Although, if we speak frankly, and about this side of her life is known very little.

He is still handsome and single

Star - small town. Everyone knows everything here. Especially about celebrities. Starry woman about Nikolaev says as a model owner - in a thorough, administrative and "proper", and usually add "too correct". One of his neighbors with admiration told that Andrian Grigorievich at home is perfect purity, nor dust. And immediately I was surprised: "And this is despite the fact that I have never seen a woman in the housework!"

Since the beginning of the 60s, Nikolaev regularly receives letters from women who would like to associate their lives with him. Especially often such messages began to come after the first notes were held in the press that they live apart with Tereshkova. Letters go and now. But what about - it is still beautiful, tightened, although it has already overcome a seventy-year-old border, besides, General, twice the hero ...

- In order to marry, you need good friend Find, - Andrian Grigorievich believes. "And where will you find a woman's friend now?! I did not find it! I understood - I didn't know many myself, and my position was an experienced person, I see people.

Rumors that after the divorce he began to apply to a glass, denies completely: "Yes, I never drank! This one newspaper wrote that the pilot-cosmonaut Nikolaev is a completely spoken man. I filed at her and won. Now I have to get money for moral damage. "

Afterword

On the official website of the Center for International Scientific and cultural cooperation under the Government of the Russian Federation, headed by Valentina Tereshkova, it is written: "We are open to interaction and cooperation." Unfortunately, this does not apply to the personal life of the first-women-astronaut.

Silent about your marriage with Tereshkova and myself Nikolaev. It seems that the former spouses concluded an agreement on non-disclosure of their facts family life. And if so, it is worth respecting a man who did not lower the description of the "kitchen" scenes. Although, no doubt, he would be decently earned on memoirs.

By the way

The second "orbital pair" became now four times the deputy general designer of the RSC Energia, Valery Ryubin, who visited Cosmonaut Elena Kondakov twice in orbit. For the Ryumin marriage with Kondakova - the second. From the first marriage he has a son and daughter, from the second - daughter. In the American detachment of astronauts today there is only one married couple - Margaret Seddon and Robert Gibson. Together they have been for several years. But another married couple, Ronald Sega and Bonnie Dunbar, divorced last year. They did not have children. There was another space family in NASA - Judith Reznik and Richard Moullay. In 1984, the spouses even flew together on the "Shuttle". And Judith was the second American, which visited space. But in two years, in 1986, during the second flight, the Reznik died - "Shuttle" exploded after a few seconds after the rocket broke away from the Earth.

Recall: "Seagull" - these are the calls for Valentina Tereshkova in orbit, and it is under the same name a simple Russian spinner entered the history of world cosmonautics. Recently, a scandal broke out in the Valentine's family of Vladimirovna. Her daughter Elena causally threw her husband - Igor Majorov. A deceived spouse, offended, agreed to tell "EG" about some details of his drama. After his revelations, new and unexpected traits appeared in the well-known image. So, from this material you will learn:

* What "Seagull" pumped her husband - Cosmonaut Andriyan Nikolaev * How Tereshkova drove the grooms daughter * Why Elena - the daughter of cosmonauts - escaped from the house * As Valentina Vladimirovna blacktahirova

* Why Tereshkova was not at the wedding of his daughter * what gifts get the second and favorite son-in-law from the "cosmic" mother-in-law

Olga Khodayev

The news that the "seagull" gave birth was accompanied by incredible rumors. They said as if the girl was born blind, deaf, with six fingers in his arms and three legs. And all, they say, because her father and mother experienced cosmic overloads. In vain liked. In July of this year, Elena knocked 39. She is healthy and very similar to the handsome father. But her life was not smooth. Only weightlessness tested by the parents here.

While Elena Grew, Valentina Vladimirovna was headed by the Committee of Soviet women, "says the former husband's daughter Tereshkova. - In the work of my wife's mother succeeded: they say, she managed to convince the leaders of many states to make concessions to the Soviet government. But get along with own daughter She did not know how.

HOME TIRANKA

Up to 18 years old Lena was Nikolaeva, like her dad - Andriyan Grigorievich. But after the divorce of parents, the daughter of the space couple wrote a statement to the police with a request to allow her to wear her family name. Why an adult girl had to abandon his father who did not cease to love her and after parting with Tereshkova - you can only guess.

I did not want to offend my mother, "says Elena, trying to explain the act of 20 years ago. - Yes, and dad didn't seem to be offended.

After a divorce with his wife, Nikolaev had a heart attack. Perhaps his health affected the forced gap with his daughter. He lost her for almost 10 years. The alienation band ended only when Lena got rid of the "Seagulls" control, coming out married. - Shortly after the wedding in my apartment he was heard phone call- remembers Igor Majorov, a former husband of daughter Tereshkova. - Andriyan Grigorievich introduced himself and asked permission to talk to his daughter. It complained that the ex-spouse prevented their meetings. Since then, Lena often visited the Father. For that Tereshkova hesitated the abandoned Nikolaev, insisting on the change of the surname of his daughter, Elena never mentioned her husband. For what reason, the father with his mother quarreled, she also does not want to discuss, but recognizes: there was no mutual understanding in the family. - both are the heroes of the Soviet Union, both are public busy peopleEveryone in character is the leader. They did not know how to give each other, - she tries to justify parents.

With my mother, a little alenka has seen rarely. Brought up her grandmother - Mother Tereshkova. Between the "seagull" and the gone grew over the past daughter over the years. It annoyed a woman-astronaut with the character of a male commander.

At the receptions in foreign embassies, Valentina Vladimirovna smiling strictly followed the rules of good tone, and at home relaxed and, it happened, behaved in a simple way.

Once Alena came to me all in tears, - Igor Major recalls the time when he also cared for future wife. - She complained: "The mother hit me in his face with such a force that even earrings were raised from the ears!" But Valentina Vladimirovna knew how to be affectionate. Without dealing with Nikolaev, I agreed with Julia Shaposhnikov, director of the Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (cyto). It was this, who lasted for several years, a secret connection was the cause of the gap with the first spouse. And when talking about decay star family slightly dull former lovers Registered. Elena has no reason to be offended by stepfather. After the end of the medical institute, she worked under his wing to cyto. Igor Maitor remembers how his bride was taken to duty and home on the service car.

Ubdorn motherly

Igor Majorov lived with her daughter Tereshkova seven years. And the mother-in-law saw the sidelines only three times and that - before the wedding.

With Lena and Valentina Vladimirovna, he met on one day.

One day, friends unexpectedly nodded to me, "says Igor. - They brought with them a nice dark-haired girl. It was Lena. Later, the guys admitted that the daughter of Tereshkova very much asked them to introduce her to me. Near the entrance, our company expected a black "seagull" - service limousine cosmonauts. We shoved in "Star". I realized that her undivided power reigned in the town. Imagine: Especially for me, the Museum of Cosmonautics was opened among the nights. Then I was visiting famous family. Valentina Vladimirovna was at home and favorably accepted us.

The second meeting Igor almost did not remember: Lena needed to go to the mother to work, to the Committee of Soviet women, and he accompanied it. But the third date became fatal. "Valentina Vladimirovna invited us with Lena to the cottage without a special reason, no celebration and guests were expected," recalls the former son-in-law. - I myself was driving, I knew the road badly, and we were late, just 20 minutes. But barely crossed the threshold of the house, as Tereshkova rushed to us, splashing offended words on high colors. I got excited and answered in the same vein. And then turned around and left. Even before that an annoying misunderstanding Elena recognized Igor that all her past grooms did not like. "Seagull" believed that the guys were frowning their home threshold only because they want to get rid of the first cosmonaut, to enjoy the benefits of her family and make their own careers. Igor himself went in enviable grooms. His father - Alexey Majorov - in those years headed the representative office of Aeroflot in Sweden, and was previously led by the government aircraft carriage and was a personal pilot of four Secretary Generals - Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko and Gorbachev. (We plan an article about the famous pilot to publish in the nearest rooms. - Ed.) The family of Maitorev lived not poorly, so the money and benefits of the Tereshkova guy did not interest, and he could do without the help of "seagull." But because of the annoying ability, Igor got into disfavor.

Elena, by that time, 26 - it was time to marry. And the girl decided on escape from the house. For a few weeks, she hidden with Igor in the giving friends.

Valentina Vladimirovna in anger called his father in Stockholm, "remembers Igor. "She screamed something unpretentious: allegedly I joined Lena to drugs, I robbed her apartment, and threatened to plant me for the grille. Well, how could I kick or smoke herbs if I flew the second pilot in Sheremetyevo? Yes, and about theft of Tereshkova hung out, hoping to crush him with his authority. But my father was not timid. And instead of sending the daughter to the mother, waved his hand and said: "Marry!" The wedding of Lena and Igor was modest. Celebrated on the apartment. There were only 12 people. Valentina Vladimirovna was not invited. Two years later, Majorov had a son of Alyosha. "Elena said that he would not show his mother's mother for nothing," says Igor. - Valentina Vladimirovna also did not make attempts to reconcile with us. From her, we did not wait for a congratulations or gifts. Meanwhile, the cosmonavka at work was often met with the father of his son-in-law - they had joint projects. But she had enough excerpts not to be interested in native daughters and grandson.

Husbands changed wives

In the 99th year, Lena fell in love and left the spouse. Her chosen was the colleague Igor - the pilot Andrei Rodionov. Then, however, as now, Elena worked as a doctor in medical center Aeroflot. Andrei regularly came to her at the reception, during one of these visits, they became close.

Somehow a three-year-old Alyosha asked Father:

Dad, why, when are you on a business trip, I sleep Uncle Andrei in your place? By that time, Igor had already guessed that his wife would change him. "I'm tired of being a nanny of my husband," explains the cause of the family disorder Elena. - Igor could have a wonderful career, but he didn't strive for anything, he lived just that he reached his father. And with Andrey, I felt that there was a real and loving man next to me. Deceived Igor, investigating history new Love Elena, met with his wife Andrei Rodionova. At first they became friends, and then began to live together. "We decided to take revenge on us, so revenge so far," Elena laughs. Having left her husband, she did not allow Igor to see his son. He had to communicate with the child to be achieved through the court. He was allowed to meet with the Alesh only 3 times a month and only in the presence of the mother. - My ex-wife He wants to erase the son's idea that she destroyed the family, "says Igor. - Even despite the judgment of the court Alya, I almost do not see: Elena always finds pretexts to give up a date. Probably she remembered how Valentina Vladimirovna successfully managed to overcome her from his father, and now the daughter successfully applies the mother's experience.

Generous grandmother

From her husband Elena gone, picking up a couple of suitcases. At first they filmed an apartment with Andrey. But it is soon bored without a roof over your head of lovers. The daughter went with the Mother Mother. So "Chaika" for the first time saw his grandson. Aleche then walked the fifth year.

The lawyer Elena told me that Tereshkova did not immediately forgive her daughter, "says Majorov. "She became sorry for her grandson, because the baby also experienced inconvenience, living where he would have." Valentina Vladimirovna gave way to Elena and her new spouse his apartment in an elite house in a grenade lane. By that time, the second husband Tereshkova died - Julius Shaposhnikov. "Chaika" remained in complete loneliness. And then the daughter returned, the grandson appeared, and life was again filled with meaning. Valentina Vladimirovna has not had to be crowded: the first cosmonaut of the living space was in excess - in the "Star" four-bedroom apartment and a good cottage in the forest area of \u200b\u200bthe town. The only heiress of the entire real estate is Elena. "Andrei lived with the first wife, Andrei lived in a three-bedroom apartment on falcon," says Igor Majorov. - At first, by leaving the family, he did not apply for this housing. But then changed his mind. He said that he leaves a living space for himself, and an abandoned wife issued 42 thousand dollars to buy an apartment. I, like Andrei, I fly on the "Boeing" and know perfectly well as pilots get. Believe me: from my salary to the apartment do not scatter and for ten years! It remains to assume that the newly connected son-in-law received an impressive summary of the distinguished mother-in-law.

There are other reasons to think that Andrei managed to win the location of the mother of Elena. After marriage to the daughters of the cosmonaut, his career sharply went uphill. He was the "IL-62" commander. Usually the next step is the second pilot "Boeing". But Andrei immediately sat on the commander chair of the aircraft top class. The second son-in-law was grateful. Surely he will not re-read and tries to help her. It is believed that winter Andrei Rodionov regularly clears the snow from the cottage Tereshkova.

Per last yearAccording to Igor, Tereshkova twice took the grandson of Alya abroad - to Malta and Spain. Where did the first cosmonaut have money - on an apartment, mansion and tourist trips - ex-son-in-law and ask somehow uncomfortable. Valentina Vladimirovna, in collaboration with commercial structures, they were noticed seems to be not. It is still working in the Russian Center for International Scientific and Cultural Cooperation under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation to this day. And, according to his daughter, lives modestly, on a salary and retirement. What benefits are made by the mother, as the first cosmonaut, Elena could not remember, saying that they were not significant. Peter, native son Julia Shaposhnikova, assures that the father did not do business, but devoted himself entirely to science.

Instead of epiloga

Elena four years after the divorce did not refuse the first husband's surname, she is still Majorov and becomes Rodionova. From the apartment of the former spouse is not yet discharged. Igor believes that someday she can raise the issue of the division of property. And to share in the family of Majorov, there is something. Elena said that former husband Four apartments, at least three cars, a couple of cottages and a huge bank account. She is also sure that conversations about her mother's money former spouse Splash in the press is not at all by chance. He wants to prevent a certain possible property process. If the spouses do not adversely agree, it is possible that the legend of the "seagull" will turn into new details.

By the way

On the eve of the 40th anniversary of his first flight Valentina Tereshkova denied the rumors that her first marriage with the cosmonaut Andrian Nikolaev took place on the "order" of the Politburo. But confirmed that Leonid Brezhnev gave her permission to her.

From dossier

Tereshkova Valentina Vladimirovna 10th cosmonaut in the world, 6th astronaut in the USSR - Born March 6, 1937

On March 12, 1962 - enrollled in the cosmonaut detachment on June 16, 1963 - flew into space on the ship "Vostok-6" on November 3, 1963 - married astronaut Andriyan Nikolaev on June 8, 1964 - gave birth to Elena's daughter in 1979 . Entered in civil marriage With Julia Shaposhnikov in 1982 - divorced with Andria Nikolaev


Tereshkova Valentina Vladimirovna - The first woman in the world is a cosmonaut. Born on March 6, 1937 in the village of Maslennikovo of the Tutaevsky district of the Yaroslavl region in the family of collective farmers. Father worked as a tractor driver, mother was engaged in household, worked in collective farm.

During the Great Patriotic War, his father died at the front, and the mother with three children moved to the city of Yaroslavl. There Little Valya went to school. She graduated from the seven-year school, then the evening school of working youth.

At the end of June 1954 she came to work on the Yaroslavl tire plant in the assembly shop by the Claidist. In 1955, he moved to the Yaroslavl plant of technical tissues "Red Perekop", where he worked as a braceletman.

In 1956 he entered the Yaroslavl permanent technical school of light industry. In addition to work and studies in the technical school attended the local Aeroclub, engaged in parachute sports, made 163 parachute jump. She was assigned the first discharge on parachute sports.

At the plant "Red Perekop" joined Komsomol, and in 1960 he was elected secretary of the Komsomol organization of the plant. In 1960 he graduated from the Yaroslavl permanent technical school of light industry. Released secretary of the Komsomol Committee of the Yaroslavl plant of technical tissues "Red Perekop" worked until 1962, when he was enrolled in the Soviet cosmonauts squad (1962 group of women-astronauts No. 1).

Passed a full course of preparation for flights on ship-type ships. On June 16 - 19, 1963, the first of women in the world made a flight into space on the East-6 spacecraft. The flight was transferred quite hard, and this probably became one of the reasons that the next flight of a woman in space took place only in 19 years. The duration of the flight was 2 days 22 hours 50 minutes.

After its flight continued to be prepared in the cosmonaut detachment, but most of the time began to occupy social work. Tereshkova had to make many trips around the cities of the USSR, in many countries of the world.

At the end of 1963 her wedding with an astronaut Andriy Grigorievich Nikolayev took place. It is believed that this marriage was largely artificial, the medical scientists who wanted to continue the study of the behavior of the human body during and after the flight began in space, and the leaders of the Soviet state, primarily Nikita Khrushchev, who sought to arrange From this wedding, the next propaganda trick. So it is, or not, but the wedding took place.

In 1964, the "Space" family was born daughter - Elena. Having existed for several years, the marriage collapsed.

Simultaneously with the work at the center of training of astronauts, active public activities and classes with a small daughter, Tereshkova entered the N. E. Zhukovsky Military Engineering Academy, which he successfully completed in 1969, receiving a specialty pilot-cosmonaut-engineer.

Actively engaged in the cosmonaut detachment until 1968, when the women's group was dissolved. However, continued to be listed in the cosmonaut detachment until 1987, and in 1985 it was even considered the possibility of its re-flight into space.

Since 1968, he works in Soviet, and later Russian, public organizations. In 1968 - 1987 was the chairman of the Committee of Soviet women.

In 1987 - 1992 - Chairman of the Presidium of the Union of Soviet societies of friendship and cultural relations with foreign countries. In 1992, he was the chairman of the Presidium of the Russian Association of International Cooperation.

In 1992 - 1995 - First Deputy Chairman of the Russian Agency for International Cooperation and Development. Since 1995 - Chairman of the Interdepartmental Council for the coordination of the activities of Russian centers of science and culture abroad. Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU from 1971 to 1990.

Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from 1966 to 1989. Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from 1974 to 1989. Vice-President of the International Democratic Federation of Women in 1969 - 1987. He was a member of the World Council of Peace, an honorary member of many organizations. Candidate of Technical Sciences (1976). Major General Aviation.

Hero of the Soviet Union. Awarded two orders of Lenin, the Order October revolution, the Order of the Labor Red Banner, the Order of Friendship of Peoples, Medals. Tereshkova Awarded the title Hero of the Socialist Labor Czechoslovakia, Hero People's Republic Bulgaria, Hero Labor of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic. Awarded the "Gold Medal of the World" named after Frederick Jolio Curie, the gold medal of the UN World, the Golden Medal named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the Gold Medal of the British Society of Interplanetary Messages "For success in the development of space", the Gold Medal "Cosmos" (FAI) , Order of the "Rose of Winds" with a diamond of the International Committee on Air Content and Space Flights, orders of Charles Marx (GDR), George Dimitrov (Bulgaria), the Cross of Grunwald of the first degree (Poland), the Order of the first degree banner with diamonds (Hungary), the Order of the Suite Bator (Mongolia), Order of Playa Chiron (Cuba) and many others.

Honorary Citizen Caluga Cities, Yaroslavl (Russia), Karaganda (Kazakhstan), Vitebsk (Belarus), Montreux, Drancy (France), Montgomery (United Kingdom), Policezzi-Generaliz (Italy), Darkhan (Mongolia), Sofia, Petrich, Stara Zagora, Pleven, Varna (Bulgaria).

The name is Tereshkova called the crater on the moon.

Valentina Tereshkova is the first woman in the space. To this day, it remains the only woman in the world who sent to the space flight alone, without assistants and partners. She also became the first woman in Russia, awarded the title of Major General. It is in this rank of Tereshkova and resigned in 1997, at the age of sixty. Valentina Tereshkova forever wisted his name in the history of the Soviet Union, Russia and the whole world.

Childhood and youth

The biography of this woman begins in the village of Big Maslennikovo Yaroslavl region. Valentine's parents began to come from Belarusian peasants. Mother of the future conqueror space expanses She worked in a textile enterprise, and his father was a tractor driver. He participated in battles during soviet-Finnish war And died.

Young Tereshkova attended Yaroslavl school, he received high marks, and also learned to play Dombra (the girl had a good musical hearing). After completing the basic seven years school educationShe decided to help the mother in the content of the family and settled on the post of braceletman in the Yaroslavl tire plant. However, throwing an extreme girl was not going to throw out: she combined work with school in the evening school.


The next stage of the life of Valentina Vladimirovna also did not foretell those heights that she had to be achieved. So, she graduated in absentia in the technical school of light industry and for seven years worked with a weathered on a nearby combine called "Red Perepop". At this time, Tereshkova began to get involved in parachute sports. She gladly went to the local aerosloj and fearlessly jumped from large heights.

Cosmonautics

A new hobby Valentina predicted her fate. By a happy coincidence, just at that time, the Soviet scientist caught fire the idea of \u200b\u200bsending a woman into space. The idea was adopted favorably, and in early 1962 the search began that the representative of the beautiful sex, which was to get the proud title of "Cosmonaut". The criteria were the following: parachutes under the age of 30 years, weighing up to 70 kg, taking up to 170 cm.


Soviet womenwho wanted to go to space, was surprising a lot. Employees of the Soviet Industry of Cosmonautics were looking for an ideal appropriate challenger from hundreds of candidates. As a result of the hard selection, five "finalists" were identified: Irina Solovyova, Tatyana Kuznetsova, Zhanna Yörkin, Valentina Ponomareva and Valentina Tereshkova.


The girls were officially intended for military service, received ranks of ordinary and began to work hard. Initially, Tereshkova passed the training program in the rank of the cosmonaut's listener of the second detachment, but already in 1962, successfully passing the exams, became the cosmonaut of the first detachment of the first department.

Training included techniques for the development of the body's stability to the peculiarities of the space flight. For example, girls studied to move in weightlessness, experienced the resources of the body in the thermocamera and the Survocamera, carried out parachute preparations, mastered the use of the skatera. Training in Surdocamera (room, isolated from external sounds) lasted for 10 days. Each of the five contenders on the role of the first cosmonaut's female spent 10 days in the illusion of complete silence and loneliness.


When choosing the challenger, which the planned flight was to be performed:

  • passing training, the level of practical training, knowledge of theory, the results of medical examinations;
  • origin (what Valentina Vladimirovna was coming from a simple working familywho lost the breadwinner during the war, played her hand);
  • ski news public activities, glorifying the Communist Party.

If, in the first two points, other candidates were inferior to Tereshkova, then in the skills of performances in public they were not equal. Valentina Vladimirovna easily communicated with journalists and other people, gave laconic and natural answers to questions, while not forgotten to lead a few words about the magnitude of the Communist Party. In the end, she was chosen by the main candidate for the flight into space. The status of a duplicating cosmonaut received Irina Solovyov, and Valentina Ponomarev appointed a spare applicant.

Space flight

The first woman went to space on June 16, 1963. The flight lasted 3 days. Valentina Tereshkova went to space on the ship "Vostok-6", taking off from Baikonur (not from the site with which it started, but with duplicating). The way the first cosmonaut woman conducted a start, which reports voiced, received a high assessment of specialists. They assured Tereshkova held a start better than experienced cosmonaut men.


Soon after the start, the well-being of Tereshkova worsened, she moved little, did not eat and sluggishly behaved with negotiations with ground stations. Nevertheless, she lasted three days, 48 \u200b\u200brevolutions around the Earth, and on the route regularly led the logbook.

For a while before the alleged landing, the first woman-astronaut have problems with the equipment of the spacecraft. Due to improper installation of Valentine's wires, Tereshkova did not orient the ship manually. However, "Cosmos 6" was still oriented and planted on the surface of the Earth through the use of an automatic mode, in which such a problem did not occur.


Upon completion of the flight (the ship arrived in Altai region) Valentina Vladimirovna distributed products from their diet local residentsAnd herself eats traditional food of these places. It, as well as bad well-being, Tereshkova, as well as problems with the orientation of the ship, upset Sergey Queen. He even promised not to let any longer a single woman in space until his death. The next similar flight occurred much later the care of a gifted engineer from life.

Subsequent career

Since then, Valentina Tereshkova has no longer flew into space. She became an astronaut instructor, worked at the cosmonaut preparation center as a senior researcherEven graduated from the Military Air Engineering Academy named after Zhukovsky, becoming a professor and writing over five dozen scientific papers. Valentina Vladimirovna declared that ready (in one end flight).


Tereshkova continues to engage in politics. In the times of the Soviet Union, it was a member of the CPSU, and in the 2000s he was elected to the deputy of the regional Duma of the Native Yaroslavl region from the party " United Russia" She also participated in the opening ceremony of Sochi Olympic Games 2014, became president charitable Foundation "Generations memory", contributed to the opening of the university and a number of other institutions in Yaroslavl.

Personal life

The first husband of the first cosmonaut became Cosmonaut Adria Nikolaev. The marriage ceremony took place in 1963, and in the photo of the guests of this ceremony can be seen. The family broke up in 1982, when the daughter of Adryan and Valentina, Elena Tereshkova, was 18 years old. Subsequently, Tereshkova confessed that in the circle of loved ones, her husband showed himself a despot, because of which their relationship and there was no.


Vladimirovna's second husband Valentina Vladimirovna became Major General of Julius Shaposhnikov. In this marriage, children were not born. But Elena Tereshkova presented his mother's grandchildren Alexei Majorov and Andrei Rodionova. It is noteworthy that both Elena's husband turned out to be pilots. The only heir to Valentina Tereshkova works in cyto with a specialty "orthopedist".

Anniversary at 80 years old Valentina Vladimirovna celebrated March 6, 2017. She is a retired major general, spends a lot of time with his family, and also continues to engage political career. So, in 2016, during the next parliamentary elections, Tereshkov elected a deputy State Duma. The first cosmonaut woman loves his native region, seeks to help the Yaroslavl Children's Home, Native School, engage in the improvement of the city and help discover new educational, production, infrastructure institutions in it.


Despite the retirement age, Valentina Tereshkova boasts strong health. In 2004, she made a complicated heart surgery, because otherwise she would have suffered a heart attack. Since those on serious health problems, Valentina Vladimirovna were not reported, but according to its active labor activity It can be concluded about their absence.

  • To increase the motivation of five girls who were contenders for the role of the first Cosmonaut's role, Sergey Korolev promised that they all, sooner or later, fly into space. In fact, this did not happen.
  • Initially planned to simultaneously send two women on different spacecraftHowever, in 1963, they refused from such an intention. Two days before the flight Valentina Tereshkova, Valery Bykovsky went to the space on the ship Vostok-5. He spent 5 days outside of our planet. This is a single-flight record that is still saved to this day.

  • Newsreel personnel shown soviet people And the whole world, were staged. They were rented every other day after the real arrival of Valentina Vladimirovna to Earth, since in the first hours after returning she felt very badly and was hospitalized.