According to statistics for 2016, more than 148 thousand children from orphanages were brought up in foster families. Five thousand of them returned back to the orphanage. Women who abandoned adopted children, what it is like to be the mother of a step-child and what prompted them to make a difficult decision.

Irina, 42 years old

A daughter was brought up in Irina's family, but she and her husband wanted a second child. For medical reasons, the spouse could no longer have children, the couple decided on adoption. There was no fear, because Irina worked as a volunteer and had experience of communicating with refuseniks.

- I went against the wishes of my parents. In August 2007, we took a one-year-old Misha from the baby house. The first shock for me was the attempt to rock him. It didn't work, he rocked himself: he crossed his legs, put two fingers in his mouth and swayed from side to side. Later I realized that the first year of Misha's life in the orphanage had become lost: the child did not develop an attachment. For children in the baby house, babysitters are constantly changing so that they do not get used to it. Misha knew that he was adopted. I conveyed this to him neatly, like a fairy tale: I said that some children are born in the belly, and others in the heart, so you were born in my heart.

Irina admits that little Misha constantly manipulated her, was obedient only for the sake of profit.

- V kindergarten Misha began to dress up as a woman and masturbate in public. I told the educators that we did not feed him. When he was seven, he told my eldest daughter that it would be better if she had not been born. And when we as punishment forbade him to watch cartoons, he promised to stab us.

Misha was seen by a neurologist and a psychiatrist, but no drugs worked on him. At school, he disrupted lessons and beat peers. Irina's husband ran out of patience and filed for divorce.

- I took the children and went to Moscow to work. Misha continued to do nasty things on the sly. My feelings for him were in constant disarray: from hatred to love, from the desire to nail down to heartbreaking pity. All my chronic diseases have worsened. Depression began.

According to Irina, Misha could have stolen money from his classmates, and let the funds allocated to him for meals be used in a slot machine.

- I had a nervous breakdown. When Misha returned home, I, in a state of passion, slapped him a couple of times and pushed him so that he had a subcapsular rupture of his spleen. They called an ambulance. Thank God, the operation was not needed. I got scared and realized that I had to abandon the child. What if I fell out again? I don't want to go to jail, I still have eldest daughter lift up. A few days later I came to visit Misha in the hospital and saw him in a wheelchair (he was not allowed to walk for two weeks). I returned home and cut my veins. My roommate saved me. I spent a month in psychiatric clinic... I have severe clinical depression, I drink antidepressants. My psychiatrist forbade me to communicate with the child personally, because all treatment after that goes down the drain.

After nine years of living in the family, Misha returned to the orphanage. A year and a half later, legally, he is still the son of Irina. The woman believes that the child still does not understand what happened, he sometimes calls her and asks to buy him something.

- He has such a consumer attitude towards me, as if calling the delivery service. After all, I have no division - my own or my adopted one. For me, everyone is family. It was as if I had cut a piece from myself.

After what happened, Irina decided to find out who Misha's parents are. It turned out that he had schizophrenics in his family.

- He is a nice boy, very charming, dances well, and he has a developed sense of color, he chooses clothes well. He dressed my daughter for graduation. But this is his behavior, heredity crossed everything out. I firmly believed that love is stronger than genetics. It was an illusion. One child destroyed my entire family.

Svetlana, 53 years old

Svetlana's family had three children: own daughter and two adopted children. The two elders left to study in another city, and the youngest Foster-son Ilya stayed with Svetlana.

- Ilya was six when I took him to my place. According to the documents, he was absolutely healthy, but soon I began to notice oddities. I'll make his bed - no pillowcase in the morning. I ask, where are you going? He does not know. For his birthday I gave him a huge radio-controlled car. The next day, one wheel was left of her, but he does not know where the rest is.

After several examinations by a neurologist, Ilya was diagnosed with absence epilepsy. The disease is characterized by short-term blackouts.

- It was possible to cope with all this, but at the age of 14 Ilya began to use something, what exactly - I never found out. He began to freak out more than ever. Everything in the house was broken and broken: a sink, sofas, chandeliers. If you ask Ilya who did it, the answer is the same: I don’t know, it’s not me. I asked him not to use drugs. She said: finish the ninth grade, then you will go to study in another city, and we will part with you on a good note. And he: "No, I'm not going anywhere from here at all, I will bring you."

After a year of quarrels with her adopted son, Svetlana was hospitalized with nervous exhaustion. Then the woman decided to abandon Ilya and returned him to the orphanage.

- A year later, Ilya came to me for the New Year holidays. He asked for forgiveness, said that he did not understand what he was doing and that he was not using anything now. Then he went back. I don’t know how custody works there, but he returned to live with his own alcoholic mother. He already has his own family, a child. His epilepsy did not go away, sometimes oddly on trifles.

Evgeniya, 41 years old

Evgeniya adopted a child when her to my own son it was ten. The previous adoptive parents abandoned that boy, but despite this, Evgenia decided to take him into her family.

- The child made the most positive impression on us: charming, modest, shyly smiling, embarrassed and quietly answering questions. Later, over time, we realized that this is just a way to manipulate people. In the eyes of those around him, he always remained a miracle child, no one could believe that there were real problems in communicating with him.

Evgenia began to notice that her adopted son was lagging behind in physical development... Gradually, she began to learn about his chronic diseases.

- The boy began his life in our family by telling a bunch of previous guardians scary stories, as it seemed to us at first, quite truthful. When he was convinced that we believed him, he somehow forgot what he was talking about (after all, the child), and it soon became clear that he simply invented most of the stories. He constantly dressed up as girls, in all games he took female roles, climbed under the covers to his son and tried to hug him, walked around the house, pulling his pants down, responding to comments that he was so comfortable. Psychologists said that this is normal, but I could not agree with this, after all, my boyfriend is growing up too.

Studying in the second grade, the boy could not count to ten. Evgenia is a teacher by profession, she constantly studied with her son, they managed to achieve positive results. Only now the communication between mother and son did not go well. The boy lied to his teachers about being bullied at home.

- We received a call from school to understand what was happening, because we have always been in good standing. And the boy just felt good weak spots people around him and, when he needed, hit them. He just drove my son to hysterics: he said that we did not love him, that he would stay with us, and they would send their son to an orphanage. I did it on the sly, and for a long time we could not understand what was happening. As a result, the son secretly hung out from us in computer clubs, began to steal money. It took us six months to bring him home and bring him back to his senses. Its OK now.

The son brought Eugenia's mother to heart attack, and ten months later, the woman gave her adopted son to rehabilitation center.

- With the advent of the adopted son, the family began to fall apart before our eyes. I realized that I was not ready to sacrifice my son, my mother for the ghostly hope that everything will be fine. The boy was absolutely indifferent to the fact that he was sent to a rehabilitation center, and then they wrote a refusal. Maybe he's just used to it, or maybe some human feelings are atrophied. New guardians were found for him, and he left for another region. Who knows, maybe things will work out there. Although I don't really believe in it.

Anna (name has been changed)

- My husband and I could not have children (I have incurable problems in the female part) and took a child from orphanage... When we took him, we were 24 years old. The child was 4 years old. He looked like an angel. At first, they could not get enough of him, he was so curly, well-built, smart, compared to their peers from the orphanage (it's no secret that children in the orphanage do not develop well). Of course, we did not choose on the basis of who is prettier, but this child clearly had a soul. Almost 11 years have passed since then. The child turned into a monster - he doesn't want to do anything AT ALL, he steals money from us and from classmates. Visits to the director have become a tradition for me. I do not work, I devoted my life to the child, spent all the time with him, tried to be a good, fair mother ... it did not work out. I say to him - he told me "go to ***, you are not my mother / yes you are ***** / but what do you understand in my life." I no longer have the strength, I do not know how to influence him. My husband has withdrawn from upbringing, says that I should figure it out myself, because (I quote) "I'm afraid that if I start talking to him, I will hit him." In general, I saw no way out but to give it back. And yes. If this is my child, dear, I would have done the same.

Natalia Stepanova

- Little Slavka immediately fell in love with me. The lonely and shy kid stood out from the childish crowd in social center helping children. We picked him up on the very first day we met. However, two weeks later the alarm was sounded. Outwardly calm and kind boy suddenly began to show aggression towards pets. First, Slava hung newborn kittens in the kitchen, having previously wrapped them with wire. Then small dogs became the object of his attention. As a result, there were at least 13 ruined lives on the account of the juvenile murderer. When the series of these cruel acts began, we immediately turned to a child psychologist. At the reception, the specialist reassured us and advised us to devote more time to Slava and make it clear that we love him. We met halfway and in the summer left for the village, away from the noisy city. But the situation there got worse. At the next consultation, the psychologist explained to us that Slavka needs specialized help. And since I am in a position, we decided that it would be better to send our son back to the orphanage. We hoped to the last that the boy's aggression would soon pass, and with it the desire to kill. The last straw of patience was the three bodies of the torn puppies. As if according to the script of a horror movie, once again taking advantage of the absence of adults, the kid single-handedly beat the four-legged to death.

Adoption issues are the most painful and responsible, because, taking upon themselves all the hardships of raising a baby, people do not fully realize that this legal procedure will change their lives forever. In our country, there is no such massiveness in the desire to become foster parents, as, for example, in the United States, and hundreds of thousands of children continue to be in government agencies- baby homes, orphanages, boarding schools.

Dear Readers! Our articles talk about typical ways of solving legal issues, but each case is unique.

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With regard to adoption from a baby house, the process has the same sequence and principles as when taking from a hospital. But babies of all ages are kept in the baby house, facial features have already formed, the color of the eye and hair has been established and manifested. The desire of future parents to choose the child they like, the desired gender and age is understandable.

After the approval of the candidacies, the PLO will give special permission to visit the baby's home, where you can preview the database, and then get to know the little man who needs a family.

If it suddenly turns out that the child cannot be picked up according to the image formed in the thoughts, you can contact nearby baby homes located in neighboring cities, villages, where you can apply with a conclusion about the possibility of becoming adoptive parents.

Having studied the information about the children, their data on the card index in the database, you should look again and again, get acquainted until your heart skips.

Then the court located at the location of the children's institution, at the suit of the adoptive parents, with the participation of representatives of the PLO, having considered all the documents, within the time limit established by law, will most likely make a positive decision, after the entry into force of which, with a copy of the court decision, the chosen lucky one can be taken home ...

If you are going to get married (get married), then the article about changing your surname after marriage will also come in handy.

In order for the child to consider himself a relative and family relations not to be complicated by the fact that the adopted child found out about his appearance in the family, the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation contains Article 155, according to which the secrecy of adoption must be respected.

The circle of people who are aware of this scrupulous legal procedure cannot be called narrow: they are workers of the PLO, the baby house, the court. To eliminate the human factor and the danger of disclosure, the law allows you to change not only the name of the child, but also the date of birth, and even the place of birth... The difference in the period between the actual and fictitious dates of birth should not exceed three months.

Of course, the secret of adoption makes sense when they take a baby in a maternity hospital or in a baby's house, and if they took a child from an orphanage, who already remembers a lot and realizes that these are not the people who gave birth to him, then there is no point in creating a halo of mystery around the fact of adoption.

Benefits for adopted children

Adopted children are equated with relatives, therefore the laws of the Russian Federation provide for payments for adoptive parents in the same amounts and terms as for parents in ordinary families - sick leave, if the child is taken from the hospital, benefits until the child reaches the age of 1.5 years, etc.

Adopters can get a lump sum if they apply with an application within 6 months from the date of the trial (from the actual date of adoption), but not a day later. In 2015, this one-time benefit is RUB 14,497.

In the decision psychological issues with regard to adoption and child-rearing, a systematic approach is the best. System-vector psychology of Yuri Burlan explains that the mental properties of a person are set from birth and are not hereditary. That is, psychologically, a child may be completely different from his parents. From this point of view, natural parents do not have special advantages in relation to adoptive parents, in the sense that the psyche is not inherited.

Part one. How to take a child from an orphanage

Legislatively, the procedure for adopting children in Russia consists of five main steps:

    Come to the territorial Department of Guardianship and Guardianship at the place of residence and write an application.

    Complete training at the foster parent's school, which is carried out by training centers under the guardianship authorities. Education is compulsory and free. Here they will tell you a lot of nuances on how to adopt a child from an orphanage.

    Collect the necessary documents. Their set depends on the chosen form of placing the child in the family. The list will be given to you at the department of guardianship.

    Find your child.

    Register the child for yourself.

Foster parent school

Adopting children - where to start? With the receipt of information. The procedure for adopting a child from an orphanage and other information related to how to take a child from an orphanage can be found in special courses for adoptive parents.

The benefits of being a foster parent at school can hardly be overestimated. It does not oblige you to anything, while at the same time it discloses legal, general psychological, medical and other issues of foster parenting. Students of the school get the opportunity to look at foster parenting from the inside in some detail. Understand the criteria and how to choose a child for adoption. Resolve my doubts: what if I take a child for upbringing - and I can't cope?

Anyone who at least theoretically thinks about the topic of adopting a child should undergo training. After training, you will either assert yourself in your desire to take a child, or you will understand that you should not do this for now - and this is good! It is much worse when people understand this, having already taken the child, and return him to the orphanage. In this case, everyone experiences a colossal trauma - both the failed parents, and most of all the child. Before the introduction of foster schools, the number of child returns was 50%. Now this figure is much lower. The training will help you figure out how firmly and consciously your decision is to take a child from an orphanage.

Adoption of a child from an orphanage and other forms of family placement

The choice of the form of family placement of the child depends on your desires, capabilities and status of the child.

    Adoption of orphans: the child acquires all the rights of his own child - surname, heredity, etc. Adoption or adoption of a child is possible only if the child is an orphan, that is, has such an official status (when there are no parents or they are deprived of parental rights). After the adoption of a child, blood relatives do not have the right to communicate with him. To take a child from an orphanage on such a basis means to be ready to fully accept him into the family - as if he were a native.

    Guardianship and curatorship: the guardian becomes the child's legal representative. He may receive a monthly child support allowance, depending on the region and the health of the child. In addition to orphans, children whose parents are not deprived of parental rights, but cannot fulfill their parental responsibilities: in cases of serious illness and other reasons, can also be taken under guardianship. The child is placed under guardianship for his maintenance, upbringing and education, protection of his rights and interests. More information on how to become the guardian of a child from an orphanage can be found in the courses of a foster parent.

    Guardianship is established over children under 14 years of age. Guardianship - from 14 to 18 years old.

    When registering guardianship, the child retains his last name, first name, patronymic, and blood parents are not exempt from the obligations of participation in its maintenance. The guardianship authorities control the conditions of detention, upbringing and education of the child.

    Foster family: in fact, this is the registration of a “foster parent” job. The adoptive parents have certain rights and obligations, which are monitored by the guardianship authorities. In this case, the child must have the status of an orphan.

    Host family or mentoring: the child spends part of his time in the family. For example, the weekend. It is often used as a transitional form when parents-to-be want to get to know their child better. This form helps the child to go beyond the framework created by the system of the educational institution, to feel how the family lives: to acquire the skills of housekeeping and communication with adults and other children in the family circle. Mentors help children with treatment, provision and clothing choices, vocational guidance, advise how to act in certain situations.

    Patronage: is established over children without a certain status or if the status of the child does not allow him to be transferred to guardianship or adoption. It is often used as a transitional form to custody and / or adoption of a child after the child receives the appropriate status. When a child is placed in foster care, formally he remains a pupil of an orphanage, but at the same time has the opportunity to be brought up in a family. His new parents are trained by the patronage service and control the process of family arrangement, patronage.

    Family-type orphanage: usually created in the organizational and legal form of an educational institution. It differs in that it has more children than in foster families, and in the presence of benefits.


Differences in the forms of family placement of children

Adoption of children, guardianship and guardianship, foster family - all these forms of family placement of children put forward certain requirements for adoptive parents.

The adoption of orphans or the form of a foster family is possible only if the parents of the children are deprived of parental rights. The patronage and the host family allow you to take children with any status.

Foster families and foster care imply restrictions on the rights of educators in relation to children. Foster care restricts these rights a little more than a foster family, but the contract in the case of foster care is more flexible and educators can take on exactly that responsibility for a child that a particular person can bear.

The set of documents also differs. It is the most voluminous and complex in the case of the adoption of children in Russia. The simplest one is for a guest family.

It is best to choose the form of family placement that suits you after your foster parents have attended school.

Part two. Adoption of children - the psychological side of adoptive parenting

In solving psychological issues regarding adoption and child rearing, the best is a systematic approach. System-vector psychology of Yuri Burlan explains that the mental properties of a person are set from birth and are not hereditary. That is, psychologically, a child may be completely different from his parents. From this point of view, natural parents do not have special advantages in relation to adoptive parents, in the sense that the psyche is not inherited. System-vector psychology distinguishes between eight vectors of the psyche. In humans, they can be combined in any variation - from one to eight vectors at once. The vector set determines the innate desires and properties of the human psyche. That is, certain properties of character are given to us from birth.

A systematic approach to the practice of adoptive parenting

When you think about the possibility of adopting a child, then questions arise that are not related to the legal side of the case, but which should be clarified no less carefully. System-vector psychology allows deal with the most frightening stereotypes of adoption:

  1. Bad genes. This stereotype is stronger than it seems. Adults become less tolerant of a child's behavior when the “bad” behavior is attributed to heredity. And less willing to fix emotional connection with a child, because "heredity cannot be changed." There is even such an expression: "I would like to help the orphan, but I am afraid to let the cuckoo into the house." That is, many adoptive parents are afraid: what if they take a child for upbringing - and he will go to his "unlucky" blood parents?

    Bad genes are a baseless myth. Many are afraid that the child will steal, lie. It doesn't depend on genes. System-vector psychology of Yuri Burlan explains that for correct development the child must have what he receives from the mother. Often, children in an orphanage do not have one. Therefore their psychological development may stop.

    P.S. How to choose a child for adoption

    When you collect all the necessary documents, the guardianship authority will issue a certificate stating that you can be a foster parent. By this time, you will roughly understand what age, gender, health status of the child you can take into the family. With this certificate, you go to any department of guardianship in Russia. You can several at once. Write a statement. You are shown a databank with questionnaires of children in this area.

    I do not recommend looking for children through a federal database with free access via the Internet, since its data is not always up-to-date, information is often outdated. In this way, you choose one or more children with whom you want to meet. You get permission to visit a specific child in an orphanage or baby house and go to get acquainted.

    The procedure for adopting a child from an orphanage presupposes and certain rules when meeting. You can talk to only one child at a time. You cannot see all the children at once. This is done so that not all children once again experience desperate hope. Because every child in every adult wants to see his dad or mom. If you have chosen someone, you can immediately place the child in your family or come to him at the orphanage for a while to get to know him better.

    The article was written based on the materials of the training " System-vector psychology»

A foster family is one of the forms of placement for the upbringing of children left without parental care. Citizens who want to take on education, left without parental care, are called foster parents ...

I. General Provisions

1. A foster family is one of the forms of placement for the upbringing of children left without parental care. Citizens (spouses or individual citizens) wishing to take on the upbringing of a child (children) left without parental care are called foster parents; child (children) placed in foster care foster family, is called a foster child, and such a family is called a foster family.

Foster parents in relation to the adopted child (children) have the rights and duties of a guardian (custodian).

2. The total number of children in a foster family, including relatives and adopted children, should not exceed, as a rule, 8 people.

3. A foster family is formed on the basis of an agreement on the transfer of a child (children) to a family for upbringing.

The agreement on the transfer of the child (children) is concluded between the guardianship and guardianship authority and foster parents in the form in accordance with Appendix No. 1.

The guardianship and trusteeship authority issues a certificate of the established form to the adoptive parents in the form in accordance with Appendix No. 2.

4. The guardianship and trusteeship body promotes the creation of foster families, provides foster parents help needed and monitors the living conditions and upbringing of the child (children).

5. The placement of children in a foster family does not entail the emergence between foster parents and foster children of alimony and hereditary legal relations arising from legislation Russian Federation.

II. The procedure for organizing a foster family

6. Adoptive parents (parent) may be adults of both sexes, with the exception of:

  • persons recognized by the court as incapable or partially incapacitated;
  • persons deprived of parental rights by the court or restricted by the court in parental rights;
  • dismissed from the duties of a guardian (curator) for improper performance of the duties assigned to him by law;
  • former adoptive parents, if the adoption was canceled by the court due to their fault;
  • persons with diseases, in the presence of which it is impossible to take the child (children) for upbringing in a foster family.

7. Persons wishing to take a child (children) for upbringing in a foster family, submit an application to the guardianship and trusteeship body at their place of residence with a request to give an opinion on the possibility of being foster parents.

The application must be accompanied by:

  • certificate from the place of work indicating the position and size wages or a copy of the income declaration, certified in accordance with the established procedure;
  • a document confirming the availability of housing for the person (persons) wishing to take the child (children) for upbringing into a foster family (a copy of the financial personal account from the place of residence and an extract from the house (apartment) book for tenants of residential premises in the state and municipal housing stock or a document , confirming the ownership of the dwelling);
  • a copy of the marriage certificate (if married);
  • a medical certificate of a medical and prophylactic institution on the state of health of the person (persons) wishing to take the child into foster care. The procedure for examining the state of health of persons wishing to take a child into foster care is determined by the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of the Russian Federation.

A person applying for an opinion on the possibility of being an adoptive parent must present a passport, and in cases stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation, another document replacing it.

8. To prepare an opinion on the possibility of being foster parents, the guardianship and trusteeship body draws up an act based on the results of examining the living conditions of persons (persons) wishing to take the child (children) into foster care.

9. On the basis of the application and the act of examination of the living conditions of persons (persons) wishing to take the child (children) for upbringing in a foster family, the guardianship and trusteeship body within 20 days from the date of filing an application with all necessary documents prepares an opinion on the possibility of becoming foster parents. At the same time, their personal qualities, state of health, ability to fulfill responsibilities for raising children, relationships with other family members living with them should be taken into account.

If the person (s) expresses a desire to take for the upbringing of a child with poor health, a sick child, a child with developmental disabilities, a disabled child, the conclusion must indicate that the adoptive parents have the necessary conditions for this.

The conclusion about the possibility of being foster parents is the basis for the selection of a child in order to transfer him to a foster family.

10. A negative opinion and a refusal to conclude an agreement on the transfer of a child to a foster family for foster care shall be communicated to the applicant within 5 days from the date of the decision. At the same time, all documents are returned to the applicant and the procedure for appealing the decision is explained.

11. For the selection, training of persons (persons) wishing to take a child (children) for upbringing in a foster family, as well as monitoring the implementation of the duties assigned to them, the guardianship and trusteeship body, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation may create departments for the placement of children to be raised in a foster family.

12. The guardianship and trusteeship authority provides foster parents with information about the child (children) who can be placed in a foster family for upbringing, and issues a referral to visit the child at the place of his residence (location).

When selecting a child (children) from educational institutions and medical and preventive institutions, institutions social protection the population or other similar institutions, regardless of their departmental affiliation and organizational and legal form, the administration of these institutions is obliged to familiarize the persons (person) wishing to take the child (children) for upbringing with the child's personal file and the medical report on the state of his health.

The administration of the institution is responsible in the manner prescribed by law for the accuracy of the information provided about the child.

13. For a child placed in foster care, the administration of the institution (or the person with the child) submits the following documents to the custody and guardianship authority:

  • birth certificate of a child;
  • documents confirming legal basis to transfer the child to foster care (death certificate of the parent (s), a copy of the court decision on deprivation of the parent (s) of parental rights, recognition of the parents as incapacitated, missing or dead, an act confirming that the child was thrown, and others) ;
  • conclusion on the state of health, physical and mental development child, issued by the expert medical commission in the prescribed manner.

14. The basis for concluding an agreement on the transfer of a child (children) for upbringing to a foster family is an application of persons (persons) wishing to take the child (children) into upbringing, with a request to transfer them to the upbringing of a specific child, which is submitted to the guardianship and guardianship authority at the place of residence (location) of the child.

The application is accompanied by an opinion on the possibility of being foster parents (valid for one year) and the documents specified in clauses 7 and 13 of these Regulations.

The agreement on the transfer of the child (children) for upbringing to a foster family is concluded between the guardianship and guardianship authority at the place of residence (location) of the child and the foster parents.

15. The agreement on the transfer of the child (children) for upbringing to a foster family must provide for the period for which he is placed in a foster family, the conditions of detention, upbringing and education of the child (children), the rights and obligations of foster parents, obligations in relation to the foster family of the body guardianship and trusteeship, as well as the grounds and consequences of the termination of such an agreement.

16. Foster parents are obliged to educate the child (children), take care of his health, moral and physical development, create the necessary conditions to get him an education, to prepare him for an independent life. Foster parents are responsible for the adopted child (children) to society.

17. Foster parents (parent) are legal representatives of the adopted child (children), protect his rights and interests, including in court, without special powers.

The rights of adoptive parents cannot be exercised in contradiction with the interests of the child (children).

18. Foster parents have the right to place children in preschool educational institutions on a general basis.

19. The agreement on the transfer of the child (children) for upbringing to a family may be terminated early on the initiative of the adoptive parents, if there is good reason(illness, changes in the family or property status, lack of understanding with the child (children), conflict relations between children and others), as well as at the initiative of the guardianship and guardianship body in the event of a foster family unfavorable conditions for the maintenance, upbringing and education of the child (children), in the case of the return of the child (children) to the parents, in the case of the child (children).

All property and financial issues arising as a result of early termination of the contract are resolved by agreement of the parties, and in the event of a dispute, by the court in accordance with the procedure established by law.

III. Transfer of a child (children) to a foster family for upbringing

20. A child (children) left without parental care is transferred to a foster family for upbringing:

  • orphans;
  • children whose parents are unknown;
  • children whose parents are deprived of parental rights, are limited in parental rights, are recognized in judicial procedure incapacitated, missing, convicted;
  • children whose parents, for health reasons, cannot personally carry out their upbringing and maintenance, as well as children left without parental care, who are in educational, medical and prophylactic institutions, social welfare institutions or other similar institutions.

21. At the request of persons (persons) who have the necessary conditions, it is possible to transfer them to a foster family of a child (children) with impaired health, a sick child (children), a child (children) with developmental disabilities, a child (children) - disabled person.

22. When transferring a child (children) for upbringing to a foster family, the guardianship and trusteeship body is guided by the interests of the child.

23. The transfer of a child (children) to a foster family is carried out taking into account his opinion and with the consent of the administration of educational and treatment-and-prophylactic institutions, institutions of social protection of the population and other similar institution in which the child is.

The transfer of a child (children) who has reached the age of 10 to a foster family is carried out only with his consent.

24. Children who are related to each other, as a rule, are transferred to the same foster family, unless for medical reasons or other reasons they cannot be brought up together.

25. For each child transferred to a foster family, the guardianship and trusteeship body or the administration of educational and treatment-and-prophylactic institutions, institutions of social protection of the population and other similar institutions shall transfer the following documents to foster parents:

  • birth certificate;
  • an extract from the history of the child's development (history of the newborn) about the state of health;
  • a certificate on the state of health of the mother and the course of childbirth (in the case of the transfer of the child from a maternity hospital, maternity ward of a medical and preventive institution);
  • educational document (for schoolchildren);
  • documents about parents (a copy of a death certificate, a verdict or a court decision, a certificate of illness, search for parents and other documents confirming the absence of parents or the impossibility of raising their children by them);
  • a certificate of the presence and location of brothers and sisters;
  • an inventory of the property belonging to the child and information about the persons responsible for its safety;
  • documents confirming the assignment of previously occupied living space to a minor;
  • a copy of the court decision on the recovery of alimony, documents confirming the right to a pension, a pension book for a child receiving a pension, a document confirming the existence of an account opened in the name of the child in a banking institution.

These documents are transferred directly to foster parents no later than two weeks after the conclusion of an agreement on the transfer of the child (children) to foster care.

26. A child (children) transferred to a foster family retains the right to the pension due to him (in case of loss of a breadwinner, disability) and other social benefits and compensations, which are transferred in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation to accounts opened in the name of the child ( children) in a banking institution.

The child (children) also retains the right of ownership of the dwelling or the right to use the dwelling; in the absence of residential premises, he has the right to provide him with residential premises in accordance with housing legislation.

27. The guardianship and trusteeship authorities at the location of the property (including the living quarters) of the child (children) ensure control over its use and safety.

28. A child (children) in a foster family has the right to maintain personal contacts with blood parents, relatives, if this does not contradict the interests of the child (children), his normal development, upbringing. Parents' contacts with the child (children) are allowed with the consent of the adoptive parents. In disputable cases, the order of communication between the child (children), his parents, relatives and adoptive parents is determined by the guardianship and guardianship authorities.

IV. Material support of the foster family

29. For the maintenance of each foster child (children), the foster family is paid monthly funds for food, the purchase of clothing, footwear and soft equipment, household items, personal hygiene, games, toys, books and benefits established by the legislation of the Russian Federation for pupils educational institutions for children - orphans and children left without parental care.

For a child (children) transferred to a foster family for one year or more, funds are allocated for the purchase of furniture.

30. Bodies of local self-government, on the basis of the established norms of material support, allocate funds for an adopted child (children) at actual prices in a given region.

Local governments, based on their decisions, allocate funds to foster families for heating, lighting, current housing repairs, the purchase of furniture and payment for consumer services.

The funds allocated for the maintenance of the adopted child (children), monthly, no later than the 20th day of the previous month, are transferred to banking institutions to the bank accounts of the adoptive parents (parent).

The size Money required for the maintenance of a foster child (children) is recalculated on a quarterly basis, taking into account changes in prices for goods and services.

31. When a child (children) is transferred to a foster family for upbringing for a period until the child reaches the age of majority, the foster parents are paid money until the child (children) reaches the age of 18 years.

32. The amount of remuneration for the foster parents and the benefits provided to the foster family, depending on the number of children taken for upbringing, are established by the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

33. Foster parents keep records of expenses in writing for the income and expense of funds allocated for the maintenance of the child (children). Information on the funds spent is submitted annually to the guardianship and trusteeship body.

The funds saved during the year are not subject to withdrawal.

34. For the purchase of food products, the foster family is attached by the local government directly to the bases, shops supplying educational institutions.

35. A foster family enjoys the preferential right to receive vouchers for children, including free ones, in a sanatorium, health camps, as well as rest homes, sanatoriums for joint recreation and treatment of foster parents with children.

36. Questions of material and housing support, not stipulated by this Regulation, are considered and resolved by local government bodies.

Discussion

We are from Novosibirsk.

Yes the large family, but we had one child from an orphanage, and the contract was like a foster family, since we have three children.

Good afternoon. I have a question: since 2004, we have concluded an agreement on a foster family with our administration (department of guardianship), we have two children of our relatives and one adopted child and this child turned 18 on December 1, 2015, but he is in this moment Study in educational institution"Do our children have the right to use public transport free of charge as they all study in different educational institutions?"

Hello!!! My family "foster family" took on the education of the boy. The boy is 5 years old, his name is Bogdan, a nice child. He has been living with us for seven months already, in fact, according to the documents, 4 months, tk. 3 months were spent on registration. So during these four months only four thousand were transferred per child. I applied to the guardianship authorities, but I didn’t get a receipt. Tell me where I should contact to resolve this problem.

my husband and I organized a foster family. work is officially closed. an agreement with the city administration, but I was denied the payment of child benefits for the care of children up to 1.5 years because of this, the labor of the contract. it is legal?

09/30/2008 00:16:39, mother

I would like to ask a question: when creating a foster family, do I qualify for paid leave to care for a child under 1.5 years old. I called the local social insurance (Asha Chelyabinsk region). I was told that if a foster family, then social insurance does not reimburse the employer. The same mama is written on the social insurance website for 2007. How to be. For me (I live) a foster family - the best option for at least two years, and then when I go to work, I can already be adopted.
Thanks in advance for your reply. On Friday I have to decide what I choose.

08/20/2008 09:00:39 PM, Svetlana

If you are in Russia, then you were told nonsense ...

Can I be denied custody on the grounds that the child is small (3 years old)? In the DR, where he is, I was told that their children are only subject to adoption, and custody is only for close relatives.

Comment on the article "Regulations on the foster family"

Foster family. Tell me if I have to work to take a child into a foster family, under a contract ... I have a decision on adoption in my hands.

Discussion

There are two of you? 40 thousand for the eyes is enough. Whether you work or not does not matter. It is important that the total amount of money is more than the cost of living multiplied by the number of family members.

Registration is not enough - payments are made at the place of residence or after adoption in Moscow time.

Monthly payment for the maintenance of foster children.
RUB 15,000 for a child under the age of 12;
RUB 20,000 for a child aged 12 to 18 years.
RUB 25,000 for each disabled child under the age of 18.
If there are three or more children in the family:
RUB 18,000 for each child under the age of 12;
RUB 23,000 for each child from 12 to 18 years old.

Payment of a monthly fee to adoptive parents. If the foster family has three or more foster children, the remuneration is paid to both foster parents
15 155, 00 rub. for each child taken for upbringing;
25 763.50 rub. for the upbringing of every disabled child.

Discussion

It seems to me that if there is a mood for two, and taking two at once, and brothers-sisters, it is more difficult for them to get settled, and it may be easier to adapt. And double adaptation ... well, it will be more difficult if only one child begins to settle down, and you follow the second, you will receive a rollback. I must say right away that my opinion on this matter is purely theoretical. I didn't take two children at the same time.
By age: by nature, I would consider the option "from 5 years old" - this is already its own planet. There will be less competition than two-year-olds with their third year crisis. And the requirements for mom are different. In some ways it is harder, but in some ways it is easier. I took to 2 and 4 eight years old. It turned out well.

And I would advise either peers or younger. Gender as a whole doesn't matter. It all depends on you. The boys are mostly joking. They take a lot of strength and energy. If you have a dad, then everything is simplified many times over. If there is more than one, I would recommend siblings, or take turns. At least in half a year. It will be easier for you, because your own is still small. Based on own experience, after half a year, children become calm and domesticated. +/- month. If you want, check out our albums) (0000,1234, 020213 - passwords.)

I do not agree. A foster family is formalized under an agreement on the transfer of a child to a family. The contract is drawn up in Moscow. When moving to Krasnoyarsk, an additional supplement will be issued.

Discussion

Buy an apartment before marriage or conclude a prenuptial agreement where ownership of the property will be spelled out

You’re moving to your fiancé, right? So you need to have a lease agreement.
Here you inform the PLO about the imminent move (I would do it no earlier than a week), take the child's case, terminate the PS agreement, register as soon as possible in the area in which you will live and that's it. And about moving from rented housing to purchased one - also, according to a simplified scheme))

11/27/2012 11:03:31 AM, Anch

Foster family and mortgage. Good day, confessors! Our situation is as follows: we have had PS for 2 years, right now we are expanding - we are selling our kopeck piece, buying a three-ruble note.

Discussion

Thank you very much for your answers! I will take a lot of note. But while you were answering me, I talked to my real estate office and also went to Sberbank. In short, I will focus on the consumer, yes, the percentage is higher, but the hassle, payments and paperwork are several times less. And in this case, everyone is very happy with my 2NDFL from Social Security! Well, I'll overpay
and okay ... But quickly, because the deal is coming soon. Thank you, configs! And good luck to everyone)))

It's cool with you! And here, in Rostov region, The salary of the PR is paid by the guardianship. Rather, it is charged by an accountant from the education department in charge of guardianship money.

Foster family and payments. Tell me, is in the foster family, in addition to paying the parent's salary, money for the child's maintenance is also paid? In Moscow, this is 15 thousand ...

Discussion

Salary and child support payments are paid. not working is unlikely to succeed, since this money will not be enough for you.

No more than eight children are transferred to a foster family, well, that's all. PS, as it were, was conceived for difficult cases, but now you can take one child into it.

The child's last name does not change as you are not legally the parent of the child. The child himself, upon reaching the age of 14, if he wants, can take your surname when receiving a passport. And unlike adoption, where it's kind of a secret and all that, the adoptive parent has no right to interfere with the child's communication with bio-relatives, if it does not harm him, well, and much more. As well as checks, reports. The dregs are shorter.

Volunteers do whatever they do))) But not every child can be placed in a family. Some children are temporarily in the children's home at the request of their parents, and there is everyone else there. And so it is as an option that has the right to life. That's how I met my son.

If you can justify the guardianship that all conditions will be created for children, for sleep, work and rest, then you will not be denied.

But here the question is a little different. You are planning 2 children with no idea about these children. For an unprepared person, two grown-up children are cool))) There is every chance that you will not cope and will return the children back. This is not as easy as it seems, it is then perceived with a smile and it seems that the whole adaptation is garbage, and when the process itself is in full swing, then it’s like not fun. Take one child, then the second (if the desire does not disappear by that time). No need to drive horses and be heroic. All children cannot be helped, but if you get one child out of the system, then this is already a big deal. A child needs a loving mother, and not one who is bored with everything possible and impossible)))

But this form of relationship under 18 is negotiable. Risk - there is a possibility that the child will return to a blood family or be passed on for adoption. BUT with the consent of the adoptive parent or guardian. The agreement can be terminated at the initiative of one of the parties. For example, the administration will not have the funds to pay the salary and it can either offer to re-register the relationship or terminate the contract and pick up the child.

If the child's mother is alive and theoretically can show up, then I would only lean towards adoption. For here is MY child, period.
Foster family, patronage - in this sense, the most powerless forms. If I understand correctly, the child can be taken away (bio or for adoption), simply by informing you "I beg your pardon to deliver him on such and such a date there."
It's still better with custody ... but if the bio is restored to its rights and wants to take the child - the litigation will not be weak, the nerves will be spoiled.

28.07.2006 11:58:51, -=-

Guardianship or foster family ?. Legal and legal aspects... Adoption. Discussion of issues of adoption, forms of placing children in families, raising adopted children ...

Discussion

I'll try to tell you. There are many thoughts, there are pros and cons in this project. The pluses are mainly of a material nature. An adopted child is given a small pension, it is transferred to his account and upon reaching the age of majority he receives it. Foster parents are paid something like a salary, or rather, it's just money to support the child. Slightly less than $ 60. (the salary of a nurse in Lviv is the same). What else. At the age of 14, the child is put on a waiting list for housing. Benefits for admission to the university. Once a year, the health of the child for the state. check. If a child is sick and expensive treatment (surgery) is required, then it is easier to secure the allocation of funds for treatment (but this is in words). Once every 2 years, a foster family with all their children, regardless of origin, is invited for 2 weeks to the Foster Family School. As a rule, it is in the south, by the sea. Parents study for half a day, educators deal with the children, then all families get to know each other, communicate and relax together (I liked this the most :))
But all this splendor (for me, at least) is crossed out with a bold line - the child is not mine, and if the project collapses or the aunt in the administration changes her mind, then ...
:) Do you know what thought came to my mind? :) Is that better? :) A young, energetic, rich, cheerful lover, the soul of the company and a shirt-guy, ready to have fun and dance the night away and give a million scarlet roses. Or a husband, in a cozy thick warm home shirt, to whose native shoulder you are watching a movie from a Vidic, who brings tea with lemon and gently kisses on the temple. It can be gloomy and taciturn, and sometimes in the morning it quietly gets up and entertains the baby so that you can sleep an extra hour. Who is better? :) Who like, right? :) That's how it is. Someone wants to give a family, love and a normal life to an orphan, while someone just wants a child, their own. My husband is categorically against, only adoption, I try to reason. I like everything until I get to the last point - that's all.

Girls, I went, I'll write about everything tomorrow, okay? In a word - the project is, of course, very good, but not my way.

How to adopt a child from a maternity hospital? More and more orphaned or abandoned children in our country find new family... Kids are taken into care, in foster families are adopted. The greatest demand, especially among childless families, is for babies just born. Parents have been waiting for the adoption of a newborn for years, since the queue is huge and does not come quickly. But not everyone knows how to adopt a child from a maternity hospital, what are the requirements for documents and adoptive parents.

How to adopt a child from a maternity hospital

Quite often, unfortunately, in maternity hospitals, young mothers abandon their newborn children. The reasons for refusals can be different:

  • early pregnancy, when the parents of a minor mother persuade her to leave the baby in the hospital;
  • studying at a university, when a mother prefers a career to the fate of her baby;
  • birth trauma or other pathology, as a result of which the child is born sick;
  • lack of funds or lack of housing;
  • alcoholism, drug addiction.

It is these children, refuseniks, that new parents are waiting for. But before you become one, you need to get permission from the guardianship authorities for the adoption of a newborn baby from the maternity hospital.

If you are firmly convinced that you need a child from the hospital that you will make happy, then look for a guardianship authority or department in your city or area.

The statement you write there will be your first real step towards your child. The application will need to indicate your data, as well as describe which child you want to take into your family: age, eye and hair color, etc.

There are requirements for adoptive parents that you must fully comply with, these are:

  • health. In the guardianship authorities, you will receive a form according to which you must undergo a medical examination. You should not have infectious diseases, cancer, tuberculosis, chronic diseases.
  • income. The income for each member of your household must be higher than the living wage in your area.
  • living conditions. You will need to submit documents for the apartment or house to which you are going to bring your baby. The guardianship authorities, after you collect all the papers and bring them, will come to you to examine your home to make sure that the child will live in good conditions.
  • if the adoption is in the name of the wife, then the written consent of the husband is required, and vice versa.
  • you need to take a police certificate stating that you are not convicted.
  • preparation. You need to take courses for prospective adoptive parents. An exception can only be made for those who have already adopted children and underwent compulsory training. You will be given a certificate of completion of the course.

All these documents for adoption will end up on the table of the commission, which will decide your fate: to be the parents of your adopted baby or not. You will be informed about the refusal within 5 days, but if after 5 days no news has been received, it means that your documents have been approved by the commission, and after 2 weeks you will be invited for permission.

And only after receiving the conclusion of the commission about your suitability to be adoptive parents, you will get on the line for your baby. This is one of the downsides to adopting babies. There is no queue for children after one year.

The procedure for adopting a child from a maternity hospital

To begin with, it is almost impossible to get a child directly from the hospital. For several days he is in the hospital, then he is transferred to the children's hospital. There he is carefully examined, and he spends some time in the department. Then he is transferred to the baby's house. At this time, the mother, who has abandoned the baby, can still change her mind and take the child, even if they began to draw up documents for adoption for him. And this is the second minus. In practice, this happens, albeit rarely.

And third: it takes time to prepare documents for adoption in court, then you need to wait for the court session, and withstand 10 days before the decision comes into force. Adoption in our country is carried out only by a court decision, and nothing else. Therefore, adoption from a maternity hospital is rather a myth. You can get your baby when he is already 2-3 months old. Although everything happens in life.

But back to the stages of adoption. Your turn, in the end, came, you collected all the documents again (!), Again received permission from the guardianship authorities and met your future son or daughter, you liked the child, and what next?

Take care of your baby's health examination. Look it up medical card... Do all the possible tests, ultrasound and so on with the child. This should be done for you free of charge. The child may have diseases that have not yet made themselves felt, but the results of the examination will show them. And if you do not want to associate your life with a sick child, or you do not have the means to treat him, then it is better to give up right away. Your permission will be valid for 3 months, during which time you can find a healthy baby. If everything suits you, inform the guardianship authorities about your choice and go with them to submit documents to the court.

This time, the application that you write must contain the request for adoption and the baby's details that you want to assign to him. You can:

  • give him your last name and patronymic;
  • change the name;
  • change the date and place of birth.

The latter is more important if you faked pregnancy in order to keep the adoption secret (Article 139 of the Family Code). The date can be changed by three months in both directions, and this is allowed upon adoption.

To preserve the secrecy, the trial is held in a closed session; in addition to the adoptive parents, the guardianship authorities and the prosecutor are present.

After the court establishes the adoption, you will receive an extract (after 10 days), and with it and your passports go to the registry office, where you will be given a birth certificate for your child.

With the help of the guardianship authorities, you can agree that the child and mother will be discharged from the hospital on the appointed day, filmed all this on video for history and go home to raise your baby.

How to adopt a child from a maternity hospital, baby house or orphanage, the requirements for adoptive parents can be found in the Family Code of the Russian Federation, Articles 122-144.