Means has got. The rule have got, has got in English. Forms of the verb to have

The verb have and turnover have got translated as "to have". IN semantic meaning there is no difference. There is a slight difference in stylistic usage: the verb have more formal and refers to formal English (formal English) and to informal English (informal, spoken English), and have got - more informal and related to informal English (informal, spoken English). Another difference is in the zone of use: in the UK it is customary to say have got and very often in truncated forms; in the USA, on the contrary, the turnover have got less common, they prefer the verb have.

Attention! In grammatical usage have and have got behave differently. It is worth remembering right away that the turnover have got used only in present simple( present simple tense), it is not used in any other tense. For example, to say "I have a cat", we can express it in two ways: I have a cat. / I have got a cat. To say "I had a cat" - only I had a cat.

Consider the grammatical difference have and have got .
The verb have in Present simple behaves like a normal verb expressing an action or state ( swim, want, read ). This means: 1) for conjugation for all persons, we use the dictionary form, i.e. have but only in 3rd person singular the form is used has , i.e. ending "s" appears; 2) in denial we use negative signals don't (do not) or doesn't (does not) - the first signal for all persons, the second for the 3rd person singular, respectively; 3) in the question we use interrogative signals do or does + subject + verb I form (infinitive) - the first signal for all persons, the second for the 3rd person singular, respectively; 4) in the short answer we use do or does ( in the affirmative), don "t or doesn't ( in the negative) - the first answer for all persons, the second for the 3rd person singular, respectively - the rule: asked with do\does - answer with do\does . Please note that a) in negative short answers, it is customary to use only abbreviated forms don"t/doesn"t Does the child play in the morning? - Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

Turnover have got in Present simple does not behave like a regular verb, it is like modal verbs ( can, must, should, etc.) and the verb be , i.e. 1) I ask questions myself, without a verb-signal do\does - I go forward and do a coup (inversion): have/has + subject + got ; 2) I deny myself, without a negative signal don"t/doesn"t ; 3) I give answers myself, without a verb-signal do\does . Please note that a) in negative short answers, it is customary to use only abbreviated forms haven"t/hasn"t ; b) answer only with a personal pronoun, i.e. replace the noun, if there was one in the question, with the corresponding pronoun: Has the child got a toy? - Yes, he has. / No, he hasn "t. The table clearly shows this:

Turnover have got has very common abbreviated (truncated) forms - always remember that modern colloquial English is abbreviated forms. These abbreviated forms are have got in affirmation and negation. These forms are formed a) in the statement by truncating the element " ha ", what remains is clinging with an apostrophe " to the subject pronoun; b) in negation, the element " o" from not , what remains-"n" - clings directly to have/has, final "t" attached with an apostrophe ". The table clearly shows this:

Note that in the 3rd person singular, the truncated form can be used with both a pronoun and a noun, for example, He "s got a toy. The child" s got a toy. In such cases, one must be very careful in translating the sentence, because element"s , attached to the subject can be a) a shortened form of the verb be in the 3rd person singular, b) possessive"s , c) shortened form of the verb has in the 3rd person singular: The child "s good. The child" s toy is nice. The child's got a toy.

Design have got very popular in English. However, this expression is exclusively colloquial, therefore its abbreviated form is mainly found:

• have got → 've got;
• has got → ‘s got.

In formal written and spoken language have got not used.

This expression has three tasks in English, and each of them has its own characteristics. In this article, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with three meanings have got and learn some interesting set expressions in which this construction is used.

3 have got functions

1. Have got = to have

Design have got used to show that a person or object has something, he possesses something. This is the main meaning of this expression.

We use have got:

• When we describe people, animals or objects.
  

  She ‘s got a soft voice. - She has a soft voice.

  Leon 's got a thick mane. - Lions have thick manes.

  Flamingo has got a long beak. The flamingo has a long beak.

  This table has got only three legs. This table has only three legs.

• When we show that a person has something or something belongs to him.
  

  He 's got a country house. - He has a country house.

  She 's got a new edition of this dictionary. She has a new edition of this dictionary.

  He 's got a problem. - He has a problem.

  I 've got a brilliant idea. - I have a brilliant idea.

• When we talk about relationships with people, relatives.
  

  She 's got many friends. - She has a lot of friends.

  He 's got a girlfriend. - He has a girlfriend.

  I 've got three brothers. - I have three brothers.

  He 's got strained relations with his father. He has a strained relationship with his father.

• When we report what a person is sick with or what hurts him.
  

  I 've got a headache. - I have a headache.

  Melanie 's got a temperature. Melanie has a temperature.

  She 's got a cold. - She has a cold.

  They 've got chickenpox. - They have a windmill.

In this meaning have got is a synonym for the verb to have(have). But it has some limitations. For example, in interrogative and negative sentences with have got you don't need to use an auxiliary verb:

Design have got shows status so it is not used in group times continuous instead of to have. Also, this function does not require the use of have got in past or future tense.

note that have got cannot be used in set expressions that use a verb have (have breakfast/lunch/dinner, to have a shower/bath, to have a good time), otherwise these expressions will radically change their meaning. Native speakers don't usually say that.

2. Have got = to get, to receive

Design have got is used when we say that we will get something. In this case, it is a synonym for the verbs to get, to receive(get). Here have got can be used in all tenses: present, past and future.

She 's got her new sunglasses by mail. She received her new glasses in the mail.

a child had got a bump when he fell of the tree. The child got a bump when he fell from a tree.

Andy had got good news. Andy got good news.

I will have got an answer in a week. I will get an answer in a week.

3. Have got to = have to

In the third meaning have got is a synonym. Like have to, have got shows an obligation to do something. There is no difference between them, but have got more emotionally charged than have to, therefore, expresses obligation more strongly. We usually allocate have got in voice speech.

I 've got to get up early tomorrow. I have a lot of things to do. - I must get up early tomorrow. I have a lot to do.

pam 's got to get to the bank before 9 or she'll be late for work. – Pam must get to the bank before 9, or she'll be late for work.

You 've got to take this road or you'll be stuck in a traffic jam. - You must take this road or get stuck in traffic.

We can't wait any longer. You 've got to be there in 5 minutes. - We can't wait any longer. You must be here in five minutes.

In the meaning of a modal verb have got to cannot be used in past or future tenses. In this case, only have to (had to, will have to).

We can't wait any longer. You had to be here 5 minutes ago. - We can't wait any longer. You must was to be here 5 minutes ago.

Watch the video with the teacher Alex. It will tell you about the features have got in English and tell a few more interesting features this design.

English idioms with have got construction

1. I've got it! - I understand!
   

   First you must stop the car and then switch off the engine. Have you got it? You must first stop the car and then turn off the engine. Do you understand?

2. Have got it made- life is good.
   

   He is only 25, but he has his own business. He's got it made. – He is only 25, but he already has own business. Life is good.

3. Have got it bad- fall head over heels in love.
   

   He saw her just once but he 's got it bad. He saw her only once, but fell head over heels in love.

4. Have got only yourself to blame- to blame only yourself for something.
   

   You overslept and missed the train. You 've got only yourself to blame. You overslept and missed the train. You you can only blame yourself for this.

5. Have got eyes like a hawk- to have a diamond eye, a keen eye.
   

   He managed to find a needle in a haystack. He 's got eyes like a hawk! He managed to find a needle in a haystack. Very sharp eye!

6. Have got a hand in something- to have a hand in something, to participate in something.
   

   It looks like she 's got a hand in planning the party. - Looks like she put her hand to party planning.

7. Have got something on somebody- to have something on someone, to have compromising evidence on someone.
   

   She promised to ruin my life but she 's got nothing on me. She promised to ruin my life, but she nothing on me.

have got- a very useful construction of the English language, as it is often used in live speech. With its help, you can build simple and understandable sentences, and interesting idioms will help you diversify your speech even more. Take the test to learn how to use the expression have got in English.

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Test

3 meanings of have got in English

And fixed expressions. And one of the most striking examples is the phrase have got, found in almost every statement. It is this combination that we will analyze in detail today: we will talk about the meaning, consider in detail the cases of use, and, of course, we will study the grammatical rules for have and has got. So, ideally, by the end of the article you will not have actual questions on this design. Let's start the lesson!

As always, the first thing we will try to understand the essence of the expression. If you start to understand what it means to have got in English, then you can select several translation options for this construction.

Most often, statements with this construction are found in dialogues about the possession of any things. In such cases, have got translation from English usually receives a translation with phrases of the following type:

• "someone has something";
• "available";
• "someone has";
• "own something".

Of course, these examples are adjusted to a certain speech situation, but the general context is quite clear. Moreover, such proposals are found in the study of English almost from the very first lessons. Well, who has not seen phrases like " I have got a cat», « She has got a book», « They got a big house" and so on.

Another common use of the forms of the verb have got is to indicate physical features. This combination describes the appearance of a person or appearance items. Interestingly, in the Russian translation, this combination is often simply omitted, since in our speech it is not customary to say something like “ he has Blue eyes " or " she has blonde hair».

• He has got a slim body. — Athimslenderbody.
• You got dark hair. — You have dark hair.

Also common in speech are examples with have got in the sense of a spokesman for feeling unwell. For example, with the help of this combination, they talk about headaches, colds and other diseases. In such cases, the translation into Russian have got is carried out with the help of a semantic noun, adjective or verb.

• Her son has got a cold. — Her son has a cold (cold).
• I have got a headache. — I have a headache (I have a headache).

Thus, it is not possible to unequivocally answer how have got is translated into Russian. Everything here depends on the context of the speech situation, so we propose to analyze in more detail when and why the English use this stable construction in their phrases.

Why use have got in speech

As already noted, the forms have got and has got are frequent regulars in English conversations. And in fact, all cases of their use can be combined into just a few categories, which will make it easy to understand the scope of use and quickly remember it. So, let's take a closer look at these speech situations.

Ownership

Undoubtedly, the most common reason for using have / has got is to indicate ownership, i.e. possession or possession of something. And since there are a lot of different things around us, this largely explains the popularity of this combination.

• We have got a car. — Wewe havecar.
• He has got sunglasses. — He has sunglasses.
• You have got enough money. — Do you have enough money.

Thousands of such proposals can be built, and there is nothing complicated here. The only thing to remember is when to use has got and when to use have got. But we will talk about this separately and in detail a little later.

Relationships, family ties

In addition to describing possessions, the have got construct will also help you identify your close circle of friends. After all, it is with its help that they talk about the presence or absence of a person's relatives, friends, loved ones.

• I have got a sister. — AtmeThere issister.
• Mike has got many friends. — AtT-shirta lot offriends.
• They have not got any children, and they are happy. — They have no children and are happy.

Once again, we draw your attention to the fact that the same construction is used in English sentences, but Russian translations are slightly different.

Appearance description

The next common case when have got or has got is used is when describing a person's appearance, animal traits, or object properties.

• A tiger has got stripes. Every tiger has stripes.
• The guitar is old, but it has got a great sound. This guitar is old, but it has a great sound.
• All our children have got blue eyes. — All of our children have blue eyes.

Feeling sick, sick

In addition to the above points, have got is used when you need to say about poor health or illness. By the way, the combination describes not only painful sensations, but also feelings in general.

• Mummy, I've got a toothache. — Mommy, I have a toothache.
• A lot of people have got a sense of humor. — Many people have a sense of humor.
• My husband has got scoliosis. — Atmyhusbandscoliosis.
• The criminals have got a sense of impunity for their acts. — Criminals are distinguished by a sense of impunity for their acts.

Receipt

In general, at its core, have got in English is nothing more than a perfect form of the verb get. Just over the years of language development, this turnover in colloquial speech so taken root that it is already felt as a separate speech construction. Nevertheless, the use of this turnover in the meaning of "receive" (which means got) quite reminds us of the roots of its origin.

• I got this book by mail. — I received this book in the mail.
• He has got a lot of money. - He got a lot of money.
• We have got a new flat. We got a new apartment.

Other English topics: Phrases in English for communicating with foreigners on any topic

Duty, forced actions

Finally, sometimes the verbs have got and has got indicate the forced performance of an act. In this case, the combination is similar to the modal verb have to, with the only difference being that the combination with got is emotionally stronger. In the meaning of obligation, the British even try to emphasize intonation the turn have/has got in speech.

• You have got to look after this girl. — You have to take care of this girl.
• We got to stick together.“We have to hold on to each other.

Perhaps, the sphere of use of the have got construction is limited to the listed situations. Of course, there are still a number of set expressions with this form, but all of them do not go beyond the designated categories. It is much more interesting to understand the intersections of this turnover with the verb have, similar in meaning. The question of what is the difference between have and have got is often confusing, so now we will try to fully understand it.

Is it possible to replace have got with have

We have discussed the use of have got in English in detail, but this topic cannot be fully explored without making a comparison with the verb have. The fact is that sometimes the verb to have got is equivalent to statements with have, and therefore both forms can freely replace each other. But there are also a number of situations in which the difference between have and have got is visible to the naked eye. Therefore, in order to correctly use both forms in speech, one should clearly distinguish between the scope of their use. The table with examples below will just help us to study and remember all the nuances of have and has / have got.

Now we know the similarities and differences between have got and have in meaning, but the difference between them is also hidden in grammar. Moreover, this difference is extremely significant, since ignorance of it leads to gross speech errors. So we will try to prevent them, and we will analyze in detail the forms of the verb have got to build various sentences.

Grammatical features of the combination have got

Among the grammatical nuances of the construction we are considering, there are several highlights. Let's consider them all separately.

Building sentences

Let's start with the fact that turnover have got is usually used only in present tense. As already noted, it is essentially the perfect form of the verb got in the present tense. Moreover, two types of predicate are possible here, and finally the time has come to tell how have got differs from has got.

The whole point here is only to what person and number the main character belongs, i.e. subject of the proposal. If we are talking about the subject of the 3rd person singular (she / he / it), then the form has got must be used, and for all other cases, have got is used. Everything is simple, the main thing is to pay attention to the specified properties of the subject.

• He has got a copy of this document. — He has a copy of this document.
• I have got two parrots. — I have two parrots.
• She has got a daughter. — She has a daughter.

So, we have formulated the basic rule for have got and has got, but it is by no means the key grammatical law of this combination. Still, the usual have also has the form has for third person subjects. Another thing is how they form a question or a negation of have got and just have. Look at the examples in the table.

Thus, negatives and questions with have got are formed without the help of the verb do! This is precisely the main difference between these verbs. Let's analyze this information again.

• If the has / have got construction is used in the statement, then interrogative sentences are built using a simple permutation of words - have goes to the beginning of the sentence. Has he got a dog? He has a dog?
• Negative sentences with the turn to have got are almost the same as statements, only the particle not (not) is added to the verb have. He hasn't got a god. He doesn't have a dog.
• If the predicate in the statement is expressed with the help of have, then the auxiliary verb do is used to create questions (for the 3rd person singular does). However, it takes a place at the very beginning of the sentence. Doesshehave blond hair? She is blonde?
• Negatives with have also require the help of do/does, only auxiliary verb still attach the particle not. Shedoesn'tthaveblondhair. She is not blonde.

Be sure to memorize the above rules. This will allow you not to make gross mistakes in speech and avoid embarrassing situations.

Have got and past or future tense

Many students wonder how will have got in the past tense or future. In fact, we have already given the answer to this question: the combination is used only for statements of the Present tense. Thus, the use of have/has got in aspects of the future or past tense is impossible.

Of course, in English there are forms had got and will have got, but they have nothing to do with the speech turnover have got. These are conjugations English verb got in the Past Perfect and Future Perfect aspects, respectively. And sentences with such predicates are used only in one context: “got something” ( past tense) or "I'll get something" ( Future tense).

In turn, have is used absolutely in all tenses. For the past, the had form is used ( owned, had), and for the future will have ( will have).

colloquial abbreviations

The difference between have and have got is also that the last form can be abbreviated. Have in the sentence cannot be reduced in any way, since the meaning of the statement is immediately distorted.

• She's got a bicycle. — She has a bicycle. She's a bicycle ( can be confused withis, then you get the sentence “she is a bicycle”)
• She has a bicycle. — She has a bicycle.

In addition, Americans often use the abbreviation gotta (from got a or got to) in colloquial speech. It is translated as "should", "should", "should".

• It has gotta stop. — This must stop.

That's all. Now you know exactly when to write have got, when has got, and when to write have. Apply the acquired knowledge in practice and do not forget to return to our portal for a new portion of the "granite of science". Good luck!

In various textbooks, you can read that in order to indicate that something belongs to someone or something, you need to use the verb “ to have” or construction “” (“ has got”) So what's the difference? Why is the design needed? ” if you can just use the verb “ to have”?

English language experts are constantly discussing this issue, but everyone agrees on one thing - this “unnecessary replacement” of the verb “ to have” is absolutely idiomatic. How often do people use “ " instead of " have”depends on where they come from. In America, they prefer to use just “ have", and in England they say more" .” In England they ask you " Have you got any relatives in England?” whereas in America you will be asked the same question in a different way: “ Do you have any relatives in America?”

Meanings of “have got”

But if in England ” is just a substitute for “ have”, in America this phrase is used for a slightly different purpose. First of all, if the speaker uses exactly “ ”, he wants to add emphasis to what has been said, emphasize what is said, for example, in the sentence “ I have got a golden watch”The speaker emphasizes precisely the gold watch that belongs to him, and in the sentence“ I haven't got any problems” The speaker wants to note that everything is fine with him. But, this rule only applies to the present, and if you want to talk about the past, just use the right intonation to strengthen the sentence.

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“” has another meaning, namely to indicate a necessity or an obligation (and in this case, this expression is synonymous). If you use " have got (to)"to that end, it will be stronger than saying" must". Therefore, if you have a task in front of you or you have to do something, you need to say “ I have got to complete this work within an hour,” and it will sound stronger than if you said “ I must complete this work within an hour”, i.e. “ ” expresses more commitment than “ must". If we are talking with friends, we can even omit the word “ have,” and leave only “ got", For example, " I got to go now.” Probably, you have heard a completely distorted form more than once “ I gotta go now.” However, this phrase is only for oral speech, you should not use it to express your thoughts on paper. To do this, when expressing the need and obligation, it is better to use “ must" And " have to”.

Verb " to have" (own) in English is used in quite different situations and into Russian can be translated in different ways. In this article, you will learn the main situations when this verb is used. You will also learn about the verb " have got", which also means "to own".

verb to have

• To have - the main verb used to indicate ownership (property) of something (not only material), the properties of something (or its characteristics), kinship or connection, for example, the quality of one thing in relation to another:

I have a cat. → U Eat me cat.
I have a lot of free time these days. → Now at Eat me) a lot of free time.

Dmitry has a sister in France. → Dmitry There is sister in France.

He has three books by Hemingway. → He It has/U eat it three books by Hemingway.
She has fair hair. → She has blonde hair.

• Verb " to have" is also used to refer to a large number of actions, here are some of them (the main thing is to understand the meaning, not to be scared and think "how to translate this"):

have a bath, wash, shower, etc → take a bath (lie in it), do laundry, take a shower (under running water), etc.
have → have breakfast, lunch, dinner.

have fun → have fun, "have fun".
have time available → have time for something.

have questions → have a question.
have a party → have a party.

have a walk, hike, ride, etc. → walking, hiking, riding, etc.
have a discussion, fight, argument, etc. → discuss, fight, approve...

Examples:

I usually have breakfast at seven o'clock. → Usually, I having breakfast at seven o'clock.

Anna is having a bath at the moment (time). → Anna now taking a bath.

• Used as . It is easy to identify by the design " have to". Here he expresses the requirement to perform some routine action (but not always). Often it is used by native speakers, as an action that carries responsibility, duty .

This form " have"also has a similar meaning to the modal verb" must"- in a conversation about duties, native speakers prefer to use it (for example: I must talk to Peter. It’s important). "

Verb " must"used when they want to say about very serious for the speaker(or if it is customary to consider them as such) duties (for example: I must feed my family).

A few examples:

They have to work hard on Saturdays (routine for them). → On Saturdays they must Hard to work.
I have to return books to the school library. → I must return books to the school library.

I must be rich (very important for the speaker). → I must to be rich.
I must defend my homeland. → I must defend your homeland.

verb have got

• verb "have got" more characteristic of British English. It also serves to indicate the possession (property) of something (not only material), the property of something (or its characteristics), kinship or connection. For example:

He has got some friends in London. → He has some friends in London

Anna has got three sisters. → Anna has three sisters.

I have got a new car. → I have new car.

Americans also sometimes use " have got"but more often" got" or simply " (to) have" (consider it analogous/synonymous - it's easier that way).

I had a copy of that book. (). → I had copy of that book.

I have got a copy of that book. (). → I have copy of that book.

• The penultimate significant difference is the reduction. Verb " have" has no abbreviations, for example, you cannot say "I've a red bicycle" only "I have a red bicycle". have got"on the contrary, has abbreviations (in affirmation and negation):

I' ve got a red bicycle (I have got a red bicycle). → I have Red bicycle.

She hasn't got a dog (she has not got a dog). → She has no dog.

• And the last main difference, where confusion often arises, is the negative and interrogative constructions of these two verbs.

You can see these differences in the picture below. I'll just say " have got" does not need help (in this case, "do", because I remind you that "have got" is used in the present simple (Present Simple))