Greetings! I think each of us happens "black" days when you feel a complete luster and loser. And the thought: "Why strain, anyway, nothing will happen," knocks out of the saddle and makes her hands down.

Drugs from attacks "Everything disappeared" a lot:, meet with old friends, watch video with kittens, find a new hobby. But personally, it always helps a simpler way: success stories famous people. Great motivating and inspires! If they succeed, then maybe I surrender early?

Most recently, John Rockefeller acted in the role of my "antidepressant" whose biography more resembles a fantastic romance than life ordinary person. And I turned on the most impressive moments in today's post.

The future billionaire was born in large family Protestants in the town of Richford (USA) in 1839. By the way, the nationality of Rockefeller is not a Jew at all, as many believe. 🙂

From early childhood, he led in a notebook (!) And. He did not spend their first accumulations ($ 50), he did not spend on candy, and lent his neighbor-farmer under 7.5% per annum. At that time, the young John was only ... thirteen.

On his first work, John Davison Rockefeller Senior settled at 16 years after the end of three-month accounting courses. He was taken by an assistant accountant in a sales company for a salary in ... $ 17 per month. The guy quickly climbed career stairs. And after some time it has already been prescribed by the manager with a salary of $ 600.

John's first work is interesting two moments. First, he quit the manager of the manager, learning that the previous chapter was paid almost three times more. Secondly, the work in the trading company became the first and ... the only work of Rockefeller on hiring.

In 1857, he became a business partner of a small English entrepreneur. Moreover, a young Rockefeller's missing amount for the partnership has occupied his father. Clark and Rochester specialized in sales of meat, grains and hay. Interestingly, when they needed a loan for business development, all negotiations with banks led the young John!

Rockefeller and Oil

John Rockefeller one of the first to appreciate the prospects for the oil business. In 1870, he creates the legendary Standart Oil oil company, which in the future will bring him a billionatic state. In order not to depend on anyone, Standart Oil exercises a full cycle: from the extraction of crude oil and its processing before deliveries to the final consumer.

By the way, it was he who first introduced a non-standard system of motivation at the enterprise. Part of the salary to employees was not "alive" money, and Standart Oil, which constantly grew in price.

For 10 years, Rockefeller has become an absolute oil monopolist in the USA: 95% of all extraction in the country. With competitors, John was growing ruthless. Dumping on the cost of rail transportation, he forced others oil companies Leave the market or ... Combine from Standart Oil.

By the way, I really liked the book about oil: "Mining. The World History Fight for oil, money and power " Daniel Ergin. Highly recommend!

The tough monopoly did not like anyone except Rockefeller. Therefore, in 1890, the US Antimonopoly Law was adopted in the United States, which caused a crushing blow to the Billionaper Oil Empire. In 1911 he had to divide Standart Oil for 34 companies. True, the control package in each of them was saved for former owner Corporation.

John Rockefeller died at the age of 97 in 1937, having warned his fortune to the son: John Davison Rockefeller younger. By the way, the son of the legendary billionaire built the famous Empire State Building skyscraper in New York and UN headquarters.

• In terms of today, the dollar's state of Rockefeller at the time of his death amounted to $ 310 billion. Until now, it is he who is considered the richest person in the newest history.
• It was not only the legendary Standart Oil, but also 16 railway and 6 steel companies, nine real estate funds, six shipping companies, nine banks and even three orange groves.
• For their life, the billionaire listed about $ 100 billion for charity. Most of these money was on research medicine. In the late 30s of the last century, a group of scientists from Oxford received a grant for $ 5,000 from the Rockefeller Foundation. As a result of research, it was opened ... Penicillin.
• In 1917, the state of Rockefeller corresponded to 2.5% of US GDP.
• IN everyday life The richest man in the world was a real ascetic in food and clothing, he did not smoke and did not use alcohol.
• In marriage with his wife, Spelman Rockefeller lived for over 60 years! Spouses understood each other with a half-clow and, according to family friends, were the perfect pair.
• It is said that at home Rockefeller created micromodel market economy. His daughter Laura was appointed as a general director, and all children had to fill accounting books. The abstinence day from candies was estimated at 2 cent, and each subsequent - already in 10 cents. The billionaire children received a fee for weeding weeds on a garden, sharpening pencils, music classes, rod of firewood and ... killed flies. For late to the table, they were fined for 1 cent.
• The son of Rockefeller confidently went in the footsteps of the Father. Over the years and World War II, he earned about $ 2 billion net profit for military needs.
• Standart Oil workers scared Rockefeller of their children (like we Baba Yaga).

To postpone the first step towards the goal. Respectful excuses do not exist

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John Davison Rocfell was born on July 8, 1839 in New York. When he was quite small, the family moved to Pennsylvania. John D.'s mother brought him up in fear of God and in the strict laws of Baptism.

Father was an entrepreneur. Not always successful, but able to combine frequent risk with storage. It is believed that the showful chic and egocentrism of the parent forced John Davison to avoid such an image in every way, strive for. Often the family lived in debt, which forced John D. to be ashamed of his father (again, according to some researchers). But there is also a testimony of the very future billionaire, saying that the Father played in John's life defining a positive role:

He often traded with me and bought me a variety of services. He taught me how to buy and sell. My father just sank me to enrich!

Rockefeller Senior did not like physical labor, tried to make money by his mind.

Father told his son about his affairs, explained the principles, and although he himself was not the most successful in business, son with early years I managed to learn a lot. For example, judging by the further career young manHe learned that morality and justice in business - the concepts are very relative, and if there is a goal, then many of the sake of it can be proceeded.

Learning at school was given to him with difficulty, but stubborn work covered all omissions.

Education in a religious family (in accordance with) made John Davison with a sober, who avoided gambling and dancing. Being a senior child, he was still in his youth to become the breadwinner of the family. The first work that John D. - Assistant of the Accountant received (before that, the boy worked, the feed of turks, worked on the farm).

To get this job, John threw college and passed three months of accountants. It was his only hiring job.

Having taken the money from the father (under 10%) Rockefeller becomes a younger partner in the agricultural company, which led to the oil refining business in Kerosene (which became a very popular medium for lighting lamps).

Creating Standard Oil.

The silence of John D. inspired the government to the legal solution to the issue of monopolies and the dismemberment of the Rockefeller Empire. Despite this, John Davon's financial assets have only increased: dividing the Standard Oil authorities to 34 minor companies, he has retained the controlling stake in all. Interestingly, most of the modern originated from these 34-parts Standard Oil, in eg, ExxonMobil ,.

Theodore Roosevelt launched a whole series lawsuits Against Standard Oil, he relied on, which was allowed to buy metallurgical plants in the Rockefeller style to create a monopoly of United Steps style.

The richest man

To this day, John D. is considered the richest person on the planet and the most generous philanthropom (paid medical research, Chicago and Rockefeller Universities are found for his money). Back in 1917, Rockefeller's capital was 20% more than the annual US budget. There were no such businessman who did not seek such heights. He reconciled the construction of the UN headquarters in New York, which determined the enormous impact of the United States on this organization.

D. Rockefeller died in 97 years. His family (clan) is still considered one of the most influential in the world.

John Rockefeller is an American entrepreneur and multimillionaire.

It is rumored that the wives of the workers scared them children: "Do not cry, otherwise Rockefeller will take you!" The paradox was that the richest man in the world was most proud of his flawless morality.

John Davison Rockefeller was born on July 8, 1839 in New York. His upbringing was engaged in his mother, Yaraya Baptist.

Business "business" was part family education. Also in early childhood John bought a pound of sweets, shared him on small handhelters and sold out his own sisters. At seven years, he sold the neighbors grown by him grown by him, and $ 50 earned lend to a neighbor for seven percent per annum.

To judge what Rockefeller was in fact, it is almost impossible: all his movements of the soul he subjugated one goal - to get rich.

The future millionaire has never graduated from school. At 16, after graduating from three-month accounting courses, he began to look for a job in Cleveland. He got an assistant to the accountant in the trading company Hewitt and Tattl. They say that from the first salaries, Rockefeller acquired an accounting book, where he wrote down all his expenses. He kept this book all his life.

By the way, it was the first and last work John by hiring. At 18, he became the younger partner of Maurice Clark's businessman.

Partners supplied flour, pork and salt for troops during the Civil War. Soon in Pennsylvania, oil was found, and Clark and Rockefeller went on it. As a result, Rockefeller bought out 72 and a half thousand dollars from a partner his share. In 1870, he created "Oil Standard", collecting oil producing and oil refineries to a single oil trust. Rockefeller's competitors set up in front of the choice: unite with him or ruin. Acted the most dirty methods. The company used industrial espionage to collect information about competitors and market status.

After 9 years, the creation of "Oil Standard" controlled 90 percent of oil refineries in the United States.

In 1890, a law was adopted to combat monopolies. Rockefeller managed to go around this law for a long time. But in 1911, the "Oil Standard" was divided into 34 companies.

Rockefeller was married to Lore Celestine Spelman. She possessed a practical warehouse of the mind. Rockefeller, as it remarked: "Without her advice, I would have remained the poor man."

Biographers write that Rockefeller struggling to children to work. He created at home a peculiar layout of a market economy: he appointed a daughter Laura "Director" and ordered children to conduct detailed accounting books. Each child received money for different actions.

In 1917, the personal state of Rockefeller was estimated in a modern equivalent of 150 billion dollars. Still he remains rich man in the world. Rockefeller donations for his life exceeded 500 million dollars.

Surname Rocfell has long been synonymous with wealth. And it is not surprising, since it was to this dynasty that belonged the first dollar billionaire in the history of mankind. People have always liked to consider other people's money, so it is not surprising that many are interested in the question of what the state of Rockefellers on this moment.

The exact answer is known only to the elected, but this article can help shed light on the origins of the wealth of this famous family.

Where all all began

John Rockefeller, the state of which at the time of entry in adult life was barely equal to the pair of hundreds of dollars, was born in 1838 in the city of Richford, located near New York, and was the second of 6 children William EVERY ROKFELLER and Louise Selianto.

His father in his youth worked for a logger, but over time he began to avoid severe physical work in every way and became a "botanical doctor." For all months, he was in the road, selling all sorts of vegetation drugs, not paying attention to the displeasure of the spouse, who in the absence of her husband was barely managed with a big oral children and did not know how to bring ends with the ends.

Nevertheless, with time William managed to earn some money and buy a land plot. The rest of their savings he invested in various enterprises. At the same time, he was very impressed by the interest manifested by Son John to his financial affairs. Despite the very young age, an intended boy wanted to know all the details of the father's transactions and constantly praised him with questions. Already becoming an adult, Rockefeller recalled the warmth of William, who, he said, taught him to "buy and sell ... and sank ... for enrichment."

How to raise billionaires

John Rockefeller, whose status in 1905 was 1 billion dollars in 1905, dug in the neighbors in the neighbors and fell turks for sale. I barely learned to write and count, he started a notebook in which he recorded all his expenses and financial arrivals. He gently kept money in a porcelain piggy bank and did not love them to spend on trifles. At the age of 13, he already had a small amount, which allowed the young businessman to give a neighbor-farmer to a debt of $ 50, subject to payment of 7.5 percent per annum.

With great reluctance, John went to school, where he didn't like at all, as the study was barely. However, Rockefeller successfully graduated from her and became a college student in Cleveland, choosing a specialization of the "Basics of Commerce". Soon, the young man understood that it was not necessary to spend money and 4 years of life on obtaining the same knowledge that would provide any 3-month accounting courses.

Career

John Davison Rocfell (condition at the time of death was 1.4 billion dollars) already in 16 years began to look for itself permanent job. Certificate of completion of accounting courses and good knowledge in the field of mathematics allowed him to become an employee of Hewitt & Tuttle, which was engaged in real estate and marine transport. A young man is quickly proven himself as a competent professional and eventually made career jerks from an accountant assistant to the manager. However, soon Rockefeller found out that his predecessor paid $ 2,000, while he was only 600. He immediately left Hewitt & Tuttle and never became a hired worker.

Foundation of own business

Rockefeller David, whose condition at that time was only 800 dollars, it was not unfordible. He managed to find out that one of his acquaintances is looking for a companion with a capital of 2 thousand dollars. The missing amount of a young man took from his own father under 10% per annum and in 1857 he became a junior partner at John Morris Clark and Rochester. With the beginning of the Civil War in this small companieswho traded grain, hay, meat and other goods appeared excellent perspectivesSince the federal authorities of the United States arose a need for large-scale food supplies for the army.

It was obvious that the starting capital was not enough for the development of the company. However, miss the chance to get rich on military supplies, it would be mad. Therefore, the company, one of the owners of which was Rockefeller, was needed. It was obtained thanks to John, since the young businessman his sincerity made the most positive impression on the bank's director.

Good marriage

Today, many people who are brought up on glossy magazines are surprised when they see wives of billionaires, the appearance of which, to put it mildly, far from the model. At the same time, they do not even think about what important role can play clever woman In the career, as well as in multiplication and in the preservation of the capital of her husband. This fully applies to the wife of Rockefeller. Before marriage with a young promising businessman Laura Selestina Spelman, which is difficult to call the beauty, was a school teacher and was distinguished by an exceptional pivot. They met at the time of the short student of Rockefeller, but married only after 9 years. The girl attracted the attention of John with his piousness, the practicality of the mind and the fact that his mother reminded him. According to the Rockefeller himself without the advice of Laura, he "remained the poor man."

Money in oil

It is difficult to believe, but until the mid-19th century, black gold had very low demand. However, it was it that was a commodity, which was done huge condition Rockefeller.

The founder of the dynasty had unsurpassed business alarms, and when kerosene lamps were invented, quickly guessed, which prospects would be at the one who will take into their hands the business for the extraction and processing of oil. Rockefeller became interested in reports on the Black Gold deposit, which in 1859 discovered Edwin Drake and met Chemist Samuel Andrews. The latter agreed to take on the scientific and technical side of the project and become a companion in a new business. Soon the company "Andrews and Clark", which took construction in Cleveland of the FLET refinery in Cleveland. Later, she turned into Standard Oil.

The secret of success

As already mentioned, at one time the state of the Rockefeller family began to grow sharply thanks to the business based on oil production. However, before this happened, John had to take a number of measures. In particular, he noticed that everyone who was trying to work in this area, they acted selfly and inefficiently.

The first thing Rockefeller created the charter of the company, and it refused to motivate employees wages, issuing stock shares. Thus, each employee was interested in the success of the business, which soon had a positive effect on his income.

Then started buying one by one small firms, seeking to focus in your hands the entire oil-producing business. In addition, Rockefeller agreed with railway workers about more low prices For transportation of Standard Oil. In particular, the company paid for transporting one barrel of oil 10, and its competitors are 35 cents, that is, more than 3 times more expensive. Soon they found themselves before choosing: either a union with Standard Oil or ruin. Most of the owners of the companies will not think that the proposal of Rockefeller in exchange for shares is preferred.

Oil Magnate N 1

By 1880, 95% of the oil production of the United States were already focused in the hands of Rockefeller. After becoming a monopolist, Standard Oil immediately raised prices. Soon she was recognized as the richest in the world for that period. It was then that the state of the Rockefeller family became and their name is a symbol of wealth.

End of monopoly

Americans who have always been interested in which the state of Rockefellers at the moment, they soon guessed that they were in their trap of Mr. John Davison, and now the price of fuel will depend only on goodwill. In this regard, the Sherman antimonopoly law was adopted.

Rockefeller had to divide the Standard Oil on 34 minor companies. At the same time, in all of them, the businessman retained the controlling stake and even increased its capital. As a result of the section there were such well-known firms as Exxonmobil and Chevron. Their assets and today are a significant part of what Rockefellers own (today for today - more than three billion).

The state of the Rockefeller clan at the end of the 19th century

In addition to the oil business, which brought annually $ 3 million. Businessman owned 16 railway and 6 steel companies, 9 firms selling real estate, 6 shipping companies, 9 banks and 3 orange groves.

Although the family lived with great comfort, they did not exhibit their wealth at the bottom, as other New York millionaires with the 5th Avenue did. In this case, the condition of rockefellers was constantly the subject of gossip. They were discussed and their villa "Pokantiko Hills", and a land plot of 283 hectares in Cleveland, and luxurious houses in Florida and in New York, as well as a golf course in New Jersey, etc.

Children

Rockefeller dreamed to live to 100 years, but did not live for this term for three years, dies from cardiac attack In May 1937.

He very strictly brought up children, trying to inspire respect for money and the desire for their earning. He appointed one of the daughters director, and she watched brother and sisters to be lazy to fulfill their duties. At the same time, for any work in the house, children received a specific remuneration, and for being late - were fined.

There could be a speech about anything in the family of Rockefeller. In particular, becoming adults, they remembered how one day a father wanted to give them a bike, but the mother advised to purchase one at all so that the children would have learned to share each other.

The only son of John Davison Rockefeller, who was the full father's father, fully justified his hopes. He did not seek to make a brilliant car, but dedicated his life to the family and to be useful society. As for daughters, one of them died at a young age, the other was crazy, and only Alta and Ethid lived long life, enriching your clan with new connections.

John Davison Rockefeller Jr.

After the death of the Father, which allocated $ 460 million in his will, he spent a significant part of his state of charity. In particular, it was on the initiative of John New York who became the headquarters of the UN. Construction of a complex of buildings for this organization cost Rockefeller-junior in the amount of $ 9 million. John had six children. They received from the Father a state equal to 240 million dollars.

Margaret Rockefeller Strong

Not many know that John Davidson younger was not at all the man who inherited most of the father's money. The state of rockefellers, which in 1937 was estimated at 1.4 billion dollars, more precisely more than half of half, got the granddaughter of the founder of Margaret's dynasty. The young woman was the daughter of Besiese Rockefeller and Charles A. Strong. Large amounts of inheritance also got the children Margaret and the Medical Research Institute, based on its great grandfather.

Grandchildren in a straight men's line

John Davison Rockefeller junior was six children. Ebby's daughter, like her brother John, were large patrons. Thanks to them, many funds and organizations were founded, including the Institute of Pacific Relations, etc. Special success reached Nelson Rockefeller, who was the Vice-President of the United States in 1974-1977. Another grandson of Rockefeller - Wintere was the governor of Arkansas.

David Rockefeller: Today's condition and brief biography

The oldest member of the clan was born in New York in 1915. He is the last of the children of John Davidson Rockefeller Jr.. In 1936, he graduated from and then he was sent to study in In 1940, John defended his thesis on the topic "Unused resources and economic losses" and received a doctorate degree in economics. In the same year, he began his career on public service, becoming the secretary of the New York Phiorhello La Gardia. During World War II, David Rockefeller first worked in the Departments of Health, Defense and Society, and in May 1942 went to the front ordinary. There he was sent to work in intelligence, and he performed various government assignments in France occupied by the Germans and in North Africa.

As a result, he met the victory in the rank of captain, and then participated in various business family projects. In 1947, David Rocfell became the director of the Council on international relations, and after 14 years - President Chase Manhattan Bank. In April 1981, on the eve of his 66th anniversary, he resigned from this post, since it reached the maximum permissible age.

At the moment, David Rocfell (a state for today is 2.5 billion dollars) reached a very old age and for more than 100 years. Recently, the press appeared reports that he made another apparently, the billionaire seeks to live forever. At the same time, it is known as the chief ideologist of the birth restriction, as it believes that the earth is overcoolen.

David Rockefeller's name often sounds during the performances of famous conspiracy. In particular, they call it the founder of the Tripartite Commission, established in 1973 in order to coordinate the approaches of the United States, Canada, Japan and the richest countries Western Europe to the most important political and economic issuesfacing mankind. The activity of this organization is hidden for wide masses such a dense veil of the mystery, which, compared with the Trilateral Commission, the activities of an equally well-known Bildelberg Group can be called absolutely transparent. At the same time, no one knows exactly the program of this organization.

At the moment, the right is considered the three-sided commission by the global government, and the left - club of the rich, who do not want to obey anyone.

Rothschilda

Often, when the general state of Rockefellers is discussed, remember the representatives of one of the most successful Financial Clans of Europe. We are talking About Rothschilds, family business which was founded more than 250 years ago, and began with a small shop of Jewish changed to the Ghetto of Frankfurt.

On the state of this dynasty, which is valid not only in the United States, but also in Europe, there is no accurate information, and cannot be, since in the will of its founder, this information cannot be voiced.

At the moment, the head of the family is Nathaniel Rothschild. He has an Emma's sister, which is a world-famous scientist. Few people know that Nathan Rothschild is a member of the International Advisory Council of the Russian

Two greatest historical financial dynasties: allies or opponents

Rockefellers and Rothschilds for the history of their existence more than once worked within a fairly close business partnership, participating in projects and acquiring a share in each other's assets. At the moment, there were no particularly acute competition between families, since their representatives prefer to negotiate on all issues.

Today, Rockefellers (a state for today - 300 billion) and Rothschilds came to an agreement on strategic partnership. In addition, they announced a merger of some part of their assets. In particular, Rit Capital Partners (Rothschild Investment Company) acquired a share in the Rockefeller Group. Under the direction of the latter there are assets by $ 34 billion. These include the oil and gas group of Vallares, as well as a share in famous companies such as Johnson & Johnson, Procter & Gamble, Dell and Oracle.

As for the assets of Rit Capital Partners, they are estimated at 1.9 billion pounds of sterling, most of which are invested in stocks and government bonds.

By the way, while people argue, what is the state of Rockefeller (150 or 300 billion), clans, at least so affirm some of the publications, are preparing to destroy the euro, as they do not see more need for such currency. They also attribute a sharp economic jerk of China, which was impossible to predict some 30-40 years ago.

According to experts, the rapprochement of Rothschild and Rockball clans will continue in the future.

Charity

Rockefellers (a state for today is estimated, according to some data, 300 billion dollars) have always been great benefactors. These traditions are alive today. In particular, it was recently calculated that for his long life, Elder of the genus David distributed 900 million dollars. Only in 2014, he listed about 79 million dollars to maintain various charitable projects.

Today to say exactly what state in Rothschilds and Rockefellers, no one will take. However, of course, these two dynasties are among richest clans Planets and influence the policy of the United States and many other countries of the planet.

Biography

John Rocfell (1839-1937) - American entrepreneur and multimillionaire, man whose name has become a symbol of wealth.

He was hardworking, purposeful and devout, for which partners nicknamed his "devil".

Wives workers scared them children: "Do not cry, and then Rockefeller will take you!" The paradox was that the richest man in the world was proud of his flawless morality ..

John Davison Rockefellerborn on July 8, 1839 in New York. His upbringing was engaged in the main mother, Yaraya Baptist. "She and the priest from younger than you inspired me to work and save", - remembered later Rockefeller. The business "business" was part of family education. Early childhood John I bought a pound of sweets, divided it into small handhelters and sold out his own sisters with an extra charge. At seven years, he sold the neighbors grown by him grown to him, and the $ 50 earned earned by a neighbor under 7% per annum.

"It was a very quiet boy, - Many years later, he recalled one of the citizens, - he always thought. From side John Looks scattered: it seemed that the child beats all the time over some unresolved problem. The impression was deceptive - the boy was distinguished by a chain of memory, a dead grip and unshakable tranquility: playing checkers, he got into partners, after half an hour thinking over every move. Harsh, covered with dry skin face John Davison Roqufeller And his deprived boy's brilliance of the eye is truly frightened by others.

Few people knew other, the human side of his nature. Peaceful feelings John Davison Rocfell Hide into the farthest pocket and fed it on all buttons. Meanwhile, he was a sensitive boy: when his sister died, John I ran to the backyard, rushed to the ground and so lay a whole day. Yes, and matured, Rockefeller did not become such a monster, how he was depicted: somehow he asked about the classmate, who once liked him (just liked him - he was highly moored young men); Having learned that she was widowed and dirty, the owner " Standard Oil"Immediately appointed her retirement. Judging about what it was in fact, it is almost impossible: all thoughts, all feelings, all wishes Rockefeller Subduced one great goal - be sure to get rich.

School Rockefeller never graduated. At 16, having three-month accounting courses, he began to look for work in Cleveland, where his family lived. After six weeks of searching, he got a job as an assistant accountant in a trading company " Hewitt and Tattle"(Hewitt and Tuttle). At first he paid $ 17 per month, and then - $ 25. Getting them, John experienced guilt, finding remuneration overly overestimated. So as not to spend nothing in vain, neither Rockefeller From the first salary bought a small accounting book, where he wrote down all his expenses, and carefully kept her all his life. But this was his first and last job. At 18 years old John Rocfell became the younger partner of the merchant Maurice Clark.

Become to the feet of the new company helped Civil War In the US, 1861-1865. The warring army generously paid for the necessary things, and partners supplied them to flour, pork and salt. By the end of the war in Pennsylvania, not far from Cleveland, discovered oil deposits, and the city was in the center of the oil fever. By 1864. Clark and Rockefeller Already we were engaged in Pennsylvanian oil. Another year Rockefeller decided to focus only on oil business, but Clark was against. Then for $ 72,500 John I bought it from a partner a lot and with my head plunged into oil.

In 1870, he created " Standard Oil" Together with a friend and business partner Henry Flagler He began to collect scattered oil-producing and oil refineries in a single powerful oil trust. Competitors could not resist him Rockefeller Put them before choosing: unite with him, or ruin. If the beliefs did not act, the most dirty methods were going on. For example, Standard Oil.reduced prices on the local competitor market, forcing how to work at a loss. Or Rockefeller Sucked for the termination of oil supplies to reclamation recycres. For this, fake firms were used, which were actually part of the group Standard Oil.. Many recyculations did not even realize that the local rivals actually had pressure on them were part of the growing empire. Rockefeller.

For the success of such operations, they kept in the strictest secrecy. Agents Standard Oil. exchanged with the head company encrypted deposits. Even visitors to the leadership Standard Oil. Did not see each other. The company used an extensive industrial espionage system to collect information about competitors and market status. In the card file. Standard Oil. There were information practically about each buyer of oil in the country, about the use of each barrel sold by independent dealers, and even the data on where Kerosene is bought by each grocers from Maine Island to California.

By 1879, the "Great War" was actually ended. Standard Oil. Controlled 90% of oil refineries in the United States. Self Rockefeller Met this victory impassively - as obvious inevitability.

In 1890, the Sherman's antitrust law was adopted, aimed at combating monopolies. Until 1911 Rockefeller And his partners managed to bypass this law, but then " Standard Oil"Was divided into thirty-four companies (almost all today's large American oil-producing companies are counting on their history from" Standard Oil»).

Personal life

Rockefeller Was married to Lore Selestine SpelmanWith which I met, still being a student. Devout, like her husband, teacher Laura Spelman At the same time, possessed a practical warehouse of the mind. Rockefeller Somehow noticed: "Without her advice, I would have remained the poor man".

Biographers write that Rockefeller With all their might killed children to work, modesty and non-durability. John Created at home a peculiar layout of a market economy: he appointed daughter Laura. "Director" and ordered children to conduct detailed accounting books. Each child received several cents for the killed flies, for sharpening a pencil, for the hour of music, for the day of abstinence from sweets. Each of the children had their own bed in a garden, where the work on the cleaning of weeds also had its price. But for being late for the breakfast of small Rockefeller penalized.

State of Rockefeller

In 1917, personal condition John Dayvison Rocfellerit was estimated in the amount of from $ 900 million to $ 1 billion, which was 2.5% of the then GDP of the United States. In modern equivalent Rockefeller It owned approximately $ 150 billion. Until now, he remains a richest person in the world. By the end of life Rockefeller In addition to the share in each of the 32 "daughters" Standard Oil owned 16 railway and six steel companies, nine banks, six shipping companies, nine realtor companies and three orange groves. Ownership Standard Oil. In 1903, about 400 enterprises were covered, 90 thousand miles of pipelines, 10 thousand railway tanks, 60 ocean tankers, 150 river steamats. The company transported and recycled more than 80% of oil produced in the US. Share Standard Oil. In world trade, oil exceeded 70%.

Donations Rockefeller For his life exceeded $ 500 million. Of these, about $ 80 million received the University of Chicago, not less than $ 100 million - the Baptist Church. Also John Rocfellcreated and financed the New York Institute of Medical Research, Council for General Education and Rockefeller Foundation.