Autumn has come and the mushroom picking season has begun. Any mushroom picker should be well versed in their types, be able to recognize poisonous varieties and quickly provide first aid in case of poisoning. Let's figure out together what the most poisonous mushrooms in Russia look like and why they are dangerous to humans.

List of life-threatening mushrooms

More than three dozen highly toxic mushrooms grow in our forests, often disguised as their edible counterparts. The risk of poisoning by them is extremely high, and novice mushroom pickers need to take this into account. Next in order are the deadly poisonous mushrooms of Russia:

Toadstool pale. This mushroom is considered the most poisonous among all the gifts of the forest and is dangerous because outwardly it is very similar to edible species. Often it can be confused with russula ordinary or forest champignon. It grows from August to September mainly in deciduous and mixed forests. Pale grebe can be recognized by a smooth hat of gray, white or beige color and a narrow stem, thickened near the base. Even a small dose of toadstool is very toxic, and about 100 g of the fungus is enough for intoxication. The poison of the pale toadstool cannot be removed either by heat treatment or by drying. Signs of poisoning appear within two days from the moment of ingestion. Provokes severe vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea and headache, a sharp decrease in pressure, often the body of the victim can not cope with the action of toxins. Subsequent therapy does not give the desired effect, which often leads to death.

Fly agaric smelly. The poisonous representative of the mushroom kingdom belongs to the fly agaric family, and it was named so because of the disgusting smell of rot. Found in mixed and coniferous forests from the beginning of July to the end of November, grows preferably in moist soil. Its conical cap has a snow-white color, is abundantly covered with mucus and shines, the leg is long, but thin, with a growth in the middle. Minimum Quantity The fungus is enough to get severely poisoned. After ingestion, it causes convulsions, cramps in the intestines and increased salivation. Symptoms of intoxication, as in the case of pale toadstool, appear only after a few hours, and by the time therapy begins, its poison has already managed to hit the internal organs. Because of the fetid smell, mushroom pickers often bypass it, therefore, according to statistics, the mortality rate from it is low, but still, this fly agaric variety belongs to extremely poisonous mushrooms.

Fly agaric panther. This is another representative of the fly agaric genus, which is extremely dangerous for humans. Panther fly agaric is difficult to identify correctly, the fungus is often mistaken for varieties suitable for human consumption. It differs from its fellow red fly agaric, known for its bright coloration. Grows from late July to October in deciduous and coniferous forests. Usually lives in the neighborhood with species suitable for eating. You can distinguish it by a dense hat, most often it is brown in color, but occasionally it is brown or gray. Its surface is dotted with many whitish flakes that are easily separated from the skin. The stalk is thin, thickened at the base. It has a high toxicity, after using it for food, the chances of survival of the victim are not very high. The first symptoms of poisoning appear after two hours. There comes a strong attack of suffocation due to spasms in the bronchi and lungs, the patient begins severe convulsions, and he loses consciousness.

Whitish talker. Another type of poisonous mushroom species, which is certainly worth mentioning, if we talk about the most poisonous mushrooms in Russia, is a whitish talker. It grows in meadows and fields, can be found near forest edges and pastures, sometimes in squares and parks. It grows in colonies, forming peculiar rings or "witch circles" from late July to late October. Its white hat is convex, it has a distinct gray coating, the edges are tucked inward, at the last stage of development they take on the shape of a funnel. The leg is short, soft, cylindrical, all in spots, when pressed it becomes very dark. in its tissues, muscarine toxin causes severe intoxication. Symptoms appear quickly, after 20 minutes the victim's blood pressure drops, the pulse drops, there is severe tearing of the eyes, and he sweats a lot. If the gastric lavage is not done in time and an antidote is given, the patient may die.

Before you recover to collect the gifts of the forest, you should once again remind yourself how to distinguish poisonous species mushrooms from those that are edible and do not forget the most important rule: if there is any doubt about whether the found mushroom is edible, it is better not to risk it and leave it to continue growing in the forest.

Since ancient times, people have been eating these tasty, healthy and satisfying gifts of nature (macromycetes). However, not all of them may be suitable for consumption, and some even pose a rather serious danger to the body due to their high toxicity.

In this article we will try to answer the question of what kind of poisonous mushrooms in Russia can be found in the forest. In order not to be a victim, you should know them well. There is a lot for human health and life.

How not to get poisoned?

Before we describe Russia, let's try to learn how to recognize edible ones. “Silent hunting” (picking mushrooms) is one of the most favorite and common activities of many Russians.

Approximately 30 species grow in our country. poisonous mushrooms, very often disguised as edible relatives, which makes them quite difficult to detect. There are also some pitfalls here. So, what poisonous mushrooms in Russia can be found in the forests? How to distinguish between edible, inedible and poisonous?

Learn more about twins

List of edible mushrooms and poisonous counterparts:

It is very easy to confuse inedible and poisonous mushrooms with real ones. Their main difference is the color of the plates. Edible mushrooms are white with a creamy tint, darkening after cutting. After the cut, the plates of false mushrooms instantly acquire a brown-black color.

It is difficult to distinguish a white mushroom from a satanic or poisonous bile mushroom, which have exactly the same appearance and shape. The cut of the leg in an edible mushroom always remains white, and on poisonous mushrooms it turns red.

pepper mushroom - false double butter dish. Here, in order to decide, you need to pay attention to the color of the plates and hats. In poisonous mushrooms, it is more brown than in butter, and they also have red pores on the stem and pulp.

Photos and names of some mushrooms will be presented below. It should always be remembered that if there is no self-confidence and certain doubts still remain during a visual inspection of the mushroom, it is best to leave it alone and not take it to the basket.

Below we present the most common of them:

  • Found in forests from July to October false fox(orange talker). Her hat is a bright orange (up to copper-red) color, and the shape is a funnel with smooth edges. This type of fungus often grows in groups, and always near real chanterelles. They are very easy to distinguish. The flesh of false chanterelles has a rather unpleasant odor. It's weak poisonous mushroom, and to get rid of the signs of poisoning, it is enough to do a gastric lavage.
  • From August to September, you can meet the pale grebe. Her hat is yellow-brown, pale green or olive. Usually the edges are lighter than the center. There is a leg on top white color ring. In appearance, the toxic toadstool practically does not differ from edible mushrooms, which is why it is dangerous.
  • Poisonous mushrooms of Russia include in their list and false honey agaric found from June to October. Disguised as an edible relative, it has a bulbous cap that is pink, yellow, or pale orange. The center is usually darker than the edges. The light yellow flesh has a bitter taste and a rather unpleasant smell. Usually grows large groups usually on rotting wood. A few hours after ingestion, symptoms of poisoning occur, up to loss of consciousness.

  • From mid-summer to autumn, you can find russula burning-caustic. There are harmless representatives of the genus, but among them there are also dangerous ones that cause a lot of trouble. It is almost impossible to distinguish from red. When its spores ripen, coloring the plates in an ocher color, then it is easier to distinguish. The symptoms of poisoning are usually disguised as simple food poisoning, so mushroom pickers may not be aware of the cause of the disaster. All parts of this russula have a bitter taste. After touching the mushroom to the tongue and lips, a strong burning sensation also occurs.
  • Poisonous mushrooms in Russia cannot be imagined without the well-known fly agaric, which occurs from mid-August to September. The grebe-shaped fly agaric has a remarkable hat (diameter 10 cm), covered with large white scales. The color of the hat is light cream. On a long white leg there is a darker dense ring. Its pulp emits an aroma similar to the smell of freshly peeled potatoes.

Satanic mushroom, gray-pink milky, beautiful hymnopilus, false valui - all this is a danger not only to health, but also to life.

Deadly poisonous mushrooms in Russia

  • False honey fungus is one of the most poisonous mushrooms in the world. It can cause kidney failure leading to death.
  • pig for a long time thought to be an edible mushroom. Studies have shown that the periodic use of it in food destroys blood cells - leukocytes. Also arises kidney failure leading to death.

The most poisonous in the world is the above-described pale grebe. It affects such vital organs as the kidneys and liver, leading to death. The toadstool is so poisonous that it is not recommended to touch it. with bare hands. Also, it should not be allowed to come into contact with edible mushrooms. In case of poisoning, dizziness, colic, loose stools and vomiting occur. The destruction of the above organs occurs already during this period, so you should immediately seek medical help.

The most poisonous mushrooms are pale grebe, false mushroom, red fly agaric and panther fly agaric.

Conclusion

Just like wild plants and animals, representatives of the vast kingdom of fungi can be dangerous. To become an expert mushroom picker and live long life, it is worth getting to know these unusual creatures of nature well. For mushroom pickers important advice: if you do not know the mushroom - do not take it. Even a single toadstool that gets into the basket can make the entire “catch” poisonous.

Since ancient times, gathering, along with hunting, have been the main occupations of man, and today, at the end of summer and autumn, dozens of mushroom pickers go out to “hunt” for mushrooms. But among the whole variety of mushrooms, there are those that are better not to be eaten, as this can lead to serious illness, and often death. Therefore, consider the category of poisonous mushrooms, and find out which is the most poisonous mushroom in the world.

Poisonous mushrooms of Russia

In Russia, messages about mushroom poisoning in the summer-autumn period are received at the operational points of the Ministry of Emergencies almost daily. To avoid trouble, the "enemy", as they say, you need to know in person, and know how to distinguish poisonous mushrooms from edible ones.

Pale Grebe / Amanita phalloides

One of the most poisonous mushrooms in the vast expanses of Russia, it is better not to allow poisoning by this representative of the large genus Amanita.

The danger is that outwardly pale toadstool strongly resembles edible Forest mushrooms, and therefore can easily fall into the basket of an inexperienced mushroom picker.

On top of the hat of the toadstools there is a white ring, which protrudes hallmark pale toadstool.

Red fly agaric / Amanita muscaria

Amanitas look very beautiful and appetizing, but it is strictly forbidden to eat them, and the name itself should scare away those who want to feast on a forest dweller.

Amanitas are widespread almost everywhere, growing in groups or alone. Mostly give preference to birch forests.

Not considered deadly poisonous, but can cause hallucinations and severe poisoning.

False Chanterelle / Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca

Poisonous mushrooms also include the so-called “twins of edible mushrooms”, which, despite their external similarity, contain poison dangerous to health and life.

False chanterelle and hat shape and bright orange color resembles its edible relative. It grows in families, and rarely singly.

But still, at edible chanterelle a lighter color, the hat is flat, but the edges are slightly wavy. The false chanterelle also has an empty leg.

Poisonous mushrooms of Ukraine

In the vastness of Ukraine, due to geographical proximity and a similar climate, almost the same mushrooms grow as in Russia, but there are also some species differences, which we will present.

Entoloma poisonous / Entoloma sinuatum

The most dangerous mushroom from the genus Entomola grows in the Carpathian region, mainly in the expanses of virgin steppes, but can also be found in deciduous forests.

It develops throughout the summer, and disappears by the beginning of autumn. This is one of the largest representatives of this genus, and the hat sometimes reaches 25 cm.

It was first discovered and described in 1788, and in 1871 it received its modern name, and is listed in reference books as poisonous. In Russia, they grow in the North Caucasus and some regions of Siberia, but these are quite rare mushrooms.

Fiberglass Patuillard / Inocybe erubescens

The Russian name for this dangerous fungus is reddening fibre, and in the genus Inocybe it is one of the most deadly species.

In Ukraine, it grows from July to November, mainly in coniferous and deciduous forests. Locally found in Europe and Asia. The hat is umbrella-shaped with a diameter of 3 to 9 cm, and the leg reaches a height of up to 10 cm.

Fibers contain a toxic alkaloid - muscarine, which can cause severe poisoning and lead to death.

Thin pig / Paxillus involutus

According to Wikipedia, this species was considered conditionally edible for a long time, but then it was listed in the category of poisonous harmful mushrooms.

It occurs in almost all types of forests, choosing moist shady places, and can also grow on tree trunks. The hat reaches a diameter of 15 cm, and the color of the pig varies from light brown to rusty-brown.

For the first time, poisoning from eating a thin pig was recorded in 1944.

Poisonous mushrooms of the world

Our list will continue with mushrooms growing in different corners the globe, and are considered the most poisonous.

By the way, there is also a website on our website interesting article about! We advise you to read and see these enemies "in person"!

Smith's Fly Agaric / Amanita smithiana

grows in mixed forests North America, and the toxins contained in this fly agaric affect the liver and lead to death.

The hemispherical cap grows from 5 to 17 cm, and the stem is thin with a flocculent ring. The color of the cap is completely white or cream, and the cap itself is covered with tubercles.

By chance, the spores were brought to the islands of Japan, where the fungus has taken root and grows in deciduous and coniferous forests.

Spring Amanita / Amanita verna

In appearance, the spring fly agaric looks like a pale grebe, but belongs to an independent species from the Amanitaceae family.

It is widely distributed in the forests of Europe and is considered deadly. It is noteworthy that the symptoms of poisoning are the same as those of the pale grebe.

In Russia, it is called white fly agaric or spring grebe, but in Russian forests is much rarer than its red counterpart.

Bordered Galerina / Galerina marginata

One of the most poisonous mushrooms of the Strophariaceae family has a brown cap and a lighter stem with a characteristic ring.

It is found mainly in the Northern Hemisphere, but has also been found in Australia. It is noteworthy that it grows in the subarctic and arctic places of Canada.

The body contains poisonous amatoxins, and when it enters the human body, they cause death.

Yellow-skinned mushroom / Agaricus xanthodermus

There are poisonous mushrooms in the Champignon family, and the Russians call it false champignon or yellowing champignon.

Widespread in Europe and North America, but it was brought to Australia by accident. It can be found not only in forests, but also in city parks, gardens, forest plantations.

You can distinguish it from edible in the process of cooking. The fact is that, unlike ordinary mushrooms, it begins to smell bad when boiled.

Brown-Red Lepiota / Lepiota brunneoincarnata

Another mushroom from the genus Lepiot is considered one of the most deadly. Grows in Western and of Eastern Europe, but it is not found in Russia.

The semicircular bell cap is up to 7 cm in diameter, and the color is usually pale gray with dark concentric circles. The leg is slightly curved and has a cylindrical shape.

Long studies have shown that it contains the strongest poisons from the cyanide group, so any ingestion will lead to death.

Satanic Mushroom / Boletus satanas

This species from the Borovik genus is also called Satanic Bolet, and it is common in deciduous forests. Southern Europe and in the Middle East.

The diameter of the cap grows on average from 8 to 25 cm, but specimens up to 30 cm in size have been found. The stem is spherical and has a reddish color.

In some European countries, it is eaten, but in reference books it is listed as inedible. It is believed that even 1 gram of the satanic mushroom causes severe food poisoning.

Sulphur-yellow honeycomb / Hypholoma fasciculare

False honey fungus, called sulfur yellow because of its characteristic color, is very poisonous, and grows in mixed forests of Europe and North America.

In appearance, it resembles a summer honey agaric, so you need to be careful not to confuse it with an edible fellow. The hat is small, only 1.5-7 cm in diameter, and the stem does not grow more than 10 cm and 0.5 cm in diameter.

After eating, after a couple of hours, nausea begins, severe vomiting and the person loses consciousness.

Cobweb / Cortinarius gentilis

The name of this mushroom should not be misleading, as its body contains toxins that are deadly to life. Its poisonousness was proved by experiments on rats.

It grows in mixed and coniferous forests, rather small, since the hat is 1.5 to 5 cm in diameter. The color is yellowish-brown or orange.

When it enters the human body, it primarily affects the activity of the kidneys, and without medical intervention a person may die.

Facts about poisonous mushrooms

In conclusion, we present a few facts related to poisonous and terrible mushrooms:

  • The most poisonous mushroom, growing both in Europe and in Asia, is considered a pale grebe.
  • Mushroom Bloody tooth is considered by many to be poisonous, and that even breathing its spores is deadly to the body. But while science does not know the facts of poisoning with this mushroom, but maybe just its awesome appearance repels mushroom pickers and is not eaten.
  • Most animals in the body have enzymes that easily break down mushroom poisons, so animals eat poisonous mushrooms and do not get poisoned.
  • Pale toadstool, mixed in food, was poisoned by the Roman Emperor Claudius and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV.
  • Poisonous mushrooms are widely used in traditional medicine, as well as in official pharmacology for the production of certain types of drugs.
  • Fly agaric is the most recognizable mushroom in the world. Of the respondents in Europe, 96% of respondents recognize him in the photo, while, edible Porcini learned only 53%.

In nature, getting poisoned is quite easy, because poisonous plants and mushrooms grow in almost any region of the globe, so you need to be careful and better avoid unfamiliar plants, and especially mushrooms. It is unrealistic to describe all poisonous mushrooms in one article, but we tried to highlight the most dangerous for human health and life.

Be sure to watch this video!

Picking mushrooms is a fascinating process that requires special care. But no one is immune from the fact that the most poisonous mushroom will meet on the forest path. Sadly, it is in Russia that the deadly and most poisonous mushroom in the world grows.

Rumors about "Bloody Tooth"
In some sources, the most poisonous mushroom on the planet is called the bloody tooth mushroom. They say that even breathing next to him is dangerous, and to go to another world, just touch him with your tongue. There is no evidence for this yet, according to other sources, it may even be useful to mankind, because it contains blood-thinning substances and has an antibacterial effect.

Rumors about his super-poisonousness are caused in many ways by his unusual view. Another name for this mushroom is strawberries with cream. Indeed, at first glance, it is very similar to this dessert, and even the aroma resembles delicious treat. The surface of the mushroom is velvety, white, strewn with scarlet drops. These drops are secreted by the fungus itself, thus, it lures the insects that it feeds on. With age, the mushroom loses its beauty and becomes an inconspicuous brown color. Also, with age, sharp outgrowths appear along the edges of the cap, in which spores ripen. Hence the word "tooth" in the title. Until recently, this mushroom was found only in the forests of North America, Australia and Europe. But the facts of its growth are already known in Russian forests, for example, in the Komi Republic.

Our mushrooms are the most poisonous
In general, you can’t intimidate us with overseas fly agarics when a pale grebe grows at your side. It can be found in almost all types of forests in Europe, Asia, North America and North Africa. Especially common in forests with broad-leaved trees. These mushrooms have a pale yellow-green color with a white border. Likes dark, damp places.

Do not eat
According to statistics, 9 out of 10 people die when poisoned with a pale toadstool. That is, this mushroom leaves practically no chance of salvation. The lethal dose is only 1/3 cap! The tissues contain 2 types of toxins: amanitin and phalloidin, which cause liver and kidney failure. The most poisonous mushroom causes constant bouts of vomiting, dizziness, spasms, headaches and loose stools. During this period, destruction internal organs Often the only way to avoid death - their transplantation. A health care, as a rule, comes with a delay, since the first symptoms do not appear immediately, but 6 hours after the poisoning. During this time, the poison has already managed to be completely absorbed. Further therapy fails toxic substances, and within a few days the person dies.

Remember what the most poisonous mushroom looks like and repost to your friends:
- a smooth lamellar hat of a grayish color and a white leg;
- the presence of a "collar";
- a straight thin leg with a tuber at the base.

Photo: fastpic.ru, kartinki24.ru and web.de

Every adult knows that there are deadly poisonous species among mushrooms. Thousands of people die every year from poisoning. Such dangerous mushrooms grow on all continents except Antarctica. We present the names and descriptions of poisonous mushrooms. Of course, it is impossible to list them all in one article. Therefore, we will only talk about the most dangerous ones found on the territory of Russia.

Death cap

Number one in the world among the most poisonous plants is the mushroom, which is ubiquitous in Russian forests, meadows and pastures. This is a pale bastard. Agree, even in its name there is something unpleasant and repulsive. But outwardly, he is quite cute, depending on age, very similar to mushrooms, russula or greenfinches. inexperienced amateurs silent hunting they fill their baskets with toadstools with pleasure, because these mushrooms even smell pleasant and tasty.

Barely hatching from the ground, young pale grebes have a clearly visible vulva (protective film) and a white ovoid body. With age, they acquire a hat of white, greenish or grayish color. It can be slightly concave or even. The diameter of the cap reaches 15 cm. The stem of the mushroom has a white “skirt” at the top, and thickening closer to the ground. It is able to grow up to 16 cm long (usually about 6-7 cm), and 15-25 mm wide. The flesh of the toadstool is white, the taste is sweetish. In her in huge number contains such poisons as amanitins, phalloidins and amanin. To die, it is enough to eat only a quarter of a hat.

Poisoning

This deadly poisonous mushroom is dangerous not only because it looks like edible mushrooms. Its cunning lies in the fact that the first signs of poisoning (uncontrolled vomiting, bloody diarrhea, severe pain in the peritoneum and muscles, heart failure, hypotension, thready pulse) appear only a day or two after eating the toadstool, when the liver and kidneys are already heavily destroyed. Another unpleasant nuance of poisoning is that on the 4th day an unexpected improvement in the condition may occur, which sometimes lasts for several days. After that comes death. A lethal outcome in case of poisoning with pale toadstools is recorded in 99% of cases.

fly agaric

We put these mushrooms in second position, as some of them are deadly poisonous. Many imagine him to be a real handsome man with a red hat with white dots. In fact, the fly agaric is not one mushroom, but a whole genus, numbering about three dozen species. Among them are the following groups:

  • Edible and even delicious (Amanita muscaria and Caesarea).
  • Conditionally edible (float or fly agaric Sicilian, ovoid, solitary, gray-pink).
  • Simply inedible, although not poisonous (toadstool fly agaric, yellow-green, bristly, prickly-headed, gray, purple, pineal, thick and others).
  • Toxic. To be fatally poisoned by them, you need to eat a lot of them, but in moderation they are hallucinogens. This is for everyone famous fly agaric with a red hat with white dots. It is widely used in medicine, as a medicine, for example, against cancer, and in everyday life for baiting insects. Hence its name.

But there is in the family and unusually dangerous species. There aren't many of them. The list of poisonous mushrooms included royal fly agaric (not to be confused with imperial), spring (or white), smelly (or smelly toadstool) and panther. Each of them contains the poisons muscarine, muscaridine, and some additionally contain hyoscyamine and scopolamine. Poisoning by these fly agarics in 9 cases out of 10 ends in death.

Short description

I would like to warn you that only those who are perfectly versed in them can collect fly agarics for food, because in many ways the “bad” and “good” species are quite similar.

Let's talk about the features of poisonous representatives.

Outwardly, it looks a bit like a red fly agaric, only its hat can be gray, brownish, greenish, light brown. Along its edges, flakes often hang from the bedspread. The pulp is white, does not change its color in the air. Its texture is slightly watery, foul-smelling, and tastes sweet. The leg is most often thicker downwards, slightly fleecy, has a white annular rim below. Individual specimens on it have a white fragile ring.

  • Fly agaric royal. This is a real giant, reaching 20 cm in height. The diameter of the cap can also be about 20 cm. This mushroom is hard to miss. Its cap can be ocher, brown or greenish, and flat, spherical or depressed in the center, with radial stripes. From above, it is covered with white "dots" (remnants of the bedspread). The pulp is from light yellow to brown, odorless. The leg is thick, whitish, thickened downwards, velvety, has several belts. hallmark from the imperial fly agaric is that the hat of the latter is bright orange or ocher, without white dots.

false mushrooms

This is also not one mushroom, but a whole group that includes edible, conditionally edible, toxic (not fatal) and very poisonous. Outwardly, they all look like ordinary mushrooms - small in size, grow in a friendly family on stumps and old logs, have relatively long legs and bell-shaped or semicircular hats. You can distinguish "good" mushrooms from "bad" ones by their color.

Consider especially dangerous species:

Galerina can be safely called one of the most poisonous mushrooms in the world, since when it is poisoned, a lethal outcome is recorded in 90% of cases. This false honey agaric can grow both as a family and singly. He has a convex hat up to 4 cm in diameter, a long leg (up to 7-10 cm). The color of the cap can be from pale yellow to brown-orange, and it changes, depending on the humidity. Almost always the outside of the hat is oily or covered with sticky mucus. The pulp is white or light brown, with the smell of flour. It contains deadly poisons amitoxins.

  • False foam brick-red. It is distinguished from the previous species by the color of the hat, which is most often rich brick. But there are specimens with orange, yellow and even white hats. In principle, this species is conditionally edible. In all cases of poisoning, brick-red false honeycomb is indicated erroneously instead of gray-yellow.

pig

Pigs were included in the list of poisonous mushrooms only in 1944. Before that, they were considered conditionally edible. The fact is that they contain a special antigen that sticks to our red blood cells, thereby causing an autoimmune response of the body. As a result, a person develops hemolytic anemia, renal failure, nephropathy. For this to happen, pigs need to be eaten for a long time (until their antigens accumulate in sufficient quantities).

Many people, having eaten them once, do not experience any painful symptoms, so no one associates a fatal outcome with a pig. The lethal outcome most often occurs in children and in people with kidney problems. Outwardly, the mushroom is quite nice and very similar to a good one. He has a thick short leg, a fleshy large hat (up to 15 cm in diameter), which can be slightly convex or flat. Its color varies from olive-brown to rusty-brown. The pulp in the place of damage (pressure) quickly darkens. In it you can often see worms and insects. Using the example of a pig, we can say that the signs of poisonous mushrooms do not always work. If you focus only on wormy hats or not, you can make a fatal mistake.

Omphalote olive

This plant is considered by some to be one of the most poisonous mushrooms in the world, because the symptoms of poisoning (vomiting, diarrhea, salivation, sweating, irregular pulse, impaired vision and breathing) occur within 15 minutes after eating. However, before fatality it rarely happens. Usually, the victim's health is restored in a day.

On the territory of Russia, the olive omfalot is found in the Crimea. Outwardly, it looks a bit like tinder mushrooms. Grows on stumps, decks, trunks of deciduous trees. His leg is very short (up to 3 cm), but can be barely noticeable. The hat reaches a diameter of 12 cm. It is smooth to the touch, less often finely scaly. Its color is always in orange tones with the addition of red or yellow. Distinctive feature olive omfalot - its plates glow in the dark.

Gindellum Peca

Each country has many of its own poisonous mushrooms. Of interest is the species of Gindellum Peck, named after the scientist - mycologist. In Russia, it is extremely rare in the Crimea and the Caucasus.

Many consider it the most poisonous mushroom in the world and even attribute mystical properties to it, because it is able to secrete a red liquid that looks like blood. Because of this, it is called a bloody mushroom or a bloody tooth. In fact, Gindellum Peck is not poisonous. Some people eat it after careful cooking. But there are few of them, since its flesh is very bitter.

Features

Of course, it is important to know how to distinguish poisonous mushrooms. Outwardly, they can be very similar to edible ones (for example, false chanterelle, burning russula, greenfinch). Only experienced mushroom pickers can recognize them. A pale toadstool is distinguished from champignon by the color of the plates, which are white in a poisonous mushroom and dark in champignon. The flesh of the toadstool is not as brittle as that of the russula, and the greenfinch, unlike the toadstool, does not have a vulva. External differences of other types of mushrooms may be different. What they have in common is that poisonous species are never wormy. Some "cooks" test the toxicity with an onion. To do this, place it and mushrooms in a container of water. If the bulb has darkened, then the contents of the container must be discarded. Note that these comparisons and experiments can be fatal. Therefore, it is better to avoid dubious mushrooms.