Form of the event: a lesson in generalizing the material studied.

Explanatory note

1. The purpose of the lesson:

Educational - to systematize what was learned about the meaning, spelling and syntactic role of the numeral.

Developing - to develop linguistic flair and spelling vigilance; improve attention, thinking, memory.

Educational - to foster interest in the history of the region and small homeland.

Lesson Objectives:

  • expand knowledge about the numeral name using the example of local history information
  • to teach to find the studied part of speech in the text;
  • substantiate the correctness of the choice of spelling when writing a number;
  • develop the ability to classify facts, draw generalizing conclusions, develop spelling vigilance, develop the ability to be creative in solving educational problems;

2. Method: TRKMCHP, partly - search, individual, research.

3. The target audience: 6th grade students.

4. Conditions for conducting:

Equipment: computer, projector, worksheets, Russian language textbook for grade 6, edited by M. M. Razumovskaya.

During the classes

1. Organizational stage.

Guys, before starting the lesson, let's smile at each other.

I am glad to see your faces, your smiles and I think that today's lesson will bring us all the joy of communicating with each other. Good luck and good luck to you!

Today, as usual, in the course of our work in the lesson, we fill out the "worksheets"

Instructions for completing the “worksheet”

The “worksheet” at the end of the lesson must be filled in completely: each task is graded on a five-point system, points are set in the “grading window”. As a result, the points are summed up. The total of points is divided by the number of assignments, the total corresponds to the grade for the lesson.

2. Stage of motivation and actualization of knowledge

You have already noticed that our today's lesson is somewhat unusual.

Those who want to change their fate came here and therefore decided to take part in the casting "Become a TV presenter of the Russia1 channel"

What is lexical meaning words CASTING?

Where can we find this information?

(One of the students is working with D. Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary)

What do you think is the main quality of a TV presenter?

- Ability to speak correctly.

We studied the numeral name, so determine the purpose of our lesson.

– Learn to pronounce numbers correctly

– learn to use knowledge of numerals in everyday life

And at the same time we will make sure that the numeral is a very important part of speech.

2.1. Repetition of the material studied. Let's repeat what we already know about numerals.

You have sheets with the “head” of our cluster on your desks. There we will write the main concept of today's lesson. Which?

Numeral.

Now you will consult with each other and pick up verbs that will help us get acquainted with the numerals.

Work in pairs.

Students suggest verbs: denotes, consists, divides, changes, is, combined, includes other. All verbs are fixed on the board.

Indicates - number, quantity, order of items counting.

Answers - to the questions "how much? Which?"

Divided into 2 categories: quantitative and ordinal.

Changes - by case (quantitative), by gender, number, case (ordinal).

Is - any member of the proposal.

Anyone who works in television must be able to concentrate in order to prevent any oversight and inaccuracies in the air.

Do you have this ability

2.2. Exercise. Read the text expressively.

Voice-over competition

Krasnoyarsk is one of the oldest cities in Siberia. It was founded in 1628 by a detachment of Cossacks led by Andrey Dubensky as a military prison. Initially, the settlement was called Krasny Yar, which means "Beautiful Coast". Krasnoyarsk received the status of a city in 1690, when Siberia was finally annexed to Russia. In 1822, the Yenisei province was created by a tsar's decree, and Krasnoyarsk became its center. In the 18th century, Krasnoyarsk grew from a military fortress into an average Siberian city.

Today it is one of the largest cities in Siberia.

There are many attractions in the city. Among them is the Chapel of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa - an Orthodox chapel, one of the symbols of the city of Krasnoyarsk. Located on the top of Karaulnaya Gora. Local tribes called the mountain Kum-tegey - Black Sopka. The Chapel of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa is a symbol of Krasnoyarsk, an architectural and historical monument (depicted on a 10-ruble bill.

Kommunalny Bridge is an automobile-pedestrian bridge in Krasnoyarsk across the Yenisei River. Commissioned on November 15, 1961. Length 2300 meters, width 23.4 meters, height 26 meters. Authors of the project Egorov P.A., Ivashova K.K. It passes through the Otdykha Island along a special dam (the length of the bridge with the dam is 2500 meters). Made of precast concrete.

The route sheet gives you a two-column table.

Why do you think?

2.3. Write out all the numbers from the text, distributing them in the appropriate columns of the table

2.3.1. SELF-CHECK Correct mistakes, if any, each in their own work.

Reflection. Put the points in the evaluation window:

Verbally determine the type of numerals by structure (simple / complex / compound)

Guys, why do numerals in Russian refer to names ? (Students should remember that the numeral, like nouns and adjectives, is declined.)

How do compound ordinal numbers decline?

- inclines only the last word.

2.4. Exercise.

Option 1: Decline the ordinal number in 1822 (put in the form R., T., P. p)

Option 2: Decline the cardinal number 26.

2.4.1. MUTUAL CHECK.

2.4.2. Reflection. Put points in the self-assessment window .

Criteria for evaluation.

Option 1. All forms of the number are written correctly - 5 points

1 mistake made - 4 points

2 mistakes were made - 3 points

Option 2. All forms of the number are written correctly - 5 points

1 - 2 mistakes were made - 4 points

3 mistakes made - 3 points

Our life is not complete without numbers.

What professions are closely related to numeral names? (Accountant, mathematician, economist, carpenter, land surveyor, financier, salesman)

2.5. Role-playing game.

1 row. Introduce yourself to a math class. You need to solve the examples by voicing the conditions.

By 235 + 87 you get ________________
By 894 + 73 you get ___________________
From 956 - 58 you get ___________________
From 56-18 it will be _______________________

2 row. Imagine yourself in a savings bank, where you need to fill out a receipt, writing down the amount in words.

I, _____________________________________________, received 2.569.45 (_________________________________) rubles

3 row. There are streets in the city, the names of which contain numerals (60 years of October street, May 9, 40 years of Victory, 26 Baku commissars,). You need to fill out the route sheet, writing the numbers in words.

Passing 9 May Street, follow the route to 26 Baku Commissars Street. The end point of the route is on 60 Let Oktyabrya Street.

2.6.1. Reflection.

Self-test by "key", assigning points to the evaluation window.

Do you think the profession of a TV presenter is associated with numerals?

The TV presenter should not only be sociable, erudite, collected. One of his essential professional qualities is the ability to read. Imagine that you have a poem in front of you, and read it with “poetic” intonation.

714, 15, 3247,
16, 318, 140, 327,
3, 28, 220, 126, 145,
615, 18, 2225.
713, 116, 512, 43,
2 000 000, 320, 17, 333.

Whatever the merits of the TV presenter, if he does not observe the norms of the language in his speech, then you should not pin any hopes on the career of a TV star.

2.6. Remember what nouns can be combined with collective numerals? What can you tell us about collective numerals? both both?

Individual task for 1 student at the blackboard.

Insert both numbers, both (in sentences).

  1. By ……. a dense forest stretched along the sides of the road.
  2. ……… brothers were admitted to a sports school.
  3. The baby was holding the matryoshka tightly ... ... .. with her hands.
  4. Slopes …… .. ravines washed out by rains.

Assignment to the class.

Correct the mistakes in the use of numbers:

  1. In the summer, three female students work in the Kolos camp.
  2. There are seven kindergartens in the city.
  3. Three friends went to Kerzhenets to swim.

2.7. Reflection.

So we conclude our casting. Each of you has managed to evaluate yourself.

- What did you manage?

- What didn't work out?

- What are possible reasons?

- What are your next goals?

Determine your level of achievement of the set goal.

Unclear

I can apply

I can explain to others

The guys who defined their level as “I can explain to others” form a group of experts.

The rest choose a task to confirm the level.

After completing the assignment in full, a group of experts will check your compliance with the specified level.

Task 1. Write down the numbers in words.

The director addressed 750 schoolchildren. The inspector arrived at the scene with 4 assistants. Write a receipt for 4732 rubles 29 beds. Publish a book with 94 illustrations.

The key for experts.

The director addressed seven hundred and fifty schoolchildren. The inspector arrived at the scene with four assistants. Write a receipt for four thousand seven hundred thirty-two rubles and twenty-nine kopecks. Publish a book with ninety-four illustrations.

Option 2. Find errors and fix them.

1. When playing out the game, it turned out that there were more than three options for its continuation. 2. On personal account pilot more than a million three hundred and fifty kilometers and more than two thousand four hundred and seventy hours spent in the air. 3. Four postgraduate students were assigned to the institute. 4. Ski more than one hundred and fifty kilometers. 5. The distance from Moscow to St. Petersburg is approximately six hundred and fifty kilometers.

The key for experts.

1. When playing out the game, it turned out that there were more than three options for its continuation. 2. On the personal account of the pilot more than one million three hundred and fifty kilometers and more than two thousand four hundred and seventy hours spent in the air. 3. Four postgraduate students were sent to the institute. 4. Cover more than one hundred and fifty kilometers on skis. 5. The distance from Moscow to St. Petersburg is approximately six hundred and fifty kilometers.

Option 3. Instead of dots, insert numbers one and a half.

Two more kilometers were added to ... The river was located ... kilometers from the village. About ... kilometers left to the goal. The whole journey took about ... a day.

The key for experts.

Two more were added to the 150 kilometers of track. The river was located one and a half kilometers from the village. About one and a half kilometers left to the target. The whole trip took about one and a half days.

Option 4. Match these expressions with synonymous phraseological units that include numeral names.

Change decisions frequently; oppress someone; know very well; be very smart.

The key for experts.

Change frequently - seven Fridays a week; to oppress someone - to lower seven skins; know very well - like the back of your hand; to be very smart - seven spans in the forehead;

5.1. Sum up the scores, divide them by the number of tasks completed, and rate.

6. Homework

.

Determine your level and complete the task one of your choice or all offered

1. Compose a text with numerals.

  1. Find text with numeral names.
  2. Make a crossword puzzle on the topic "Numeral name"

1. General Provisions

1.1. In order to maintain a business reputation and ensure compliance with federal legislation, FGAU GNII ITT Informika (hereinafter referred to as the Company) considers the most important task to ensure the legitimacy of the processing and security of personal data of subjects in the business processes of the Company.

1.2. To solve this problem, the Company has introduced, is functioning and is undergoing periodic revision (control) of the personal data protection system.

1.3. The processing of personal data in the Company is based on the following principles:

The legality of the purposes and methods of processing personal data and good faith;

Compliance of the purposes of processing personal data with the goals predetermined and declared in the collection of personal data, as well as the powers of the Company;

Compliance of the volume and nature of the processed personal data, methods of processing personal data to the purposes of processing personal data;

The reliability of personal data, their relevance and sufficiency for the purposes of processing, the inadmissibility of processing excessive in relation to the purposes of collecting personal data;

The legitimacy of organizational and technical measures to ensure the security of personal data;

Continuity of increasing the level of knowledge of the Company's employees in the field of ensuring the security of personal data during their processing;

Commitment to continuous improvement of the personal data protection system.

2. Purposes of processing personal data

2.1. In accordance with the principles of processing personal data, the Company has determined the composition and purposes of processing.

Purposes of processing personal data:

Conclusion, maintenance, change, termination labor contracts that are the basis for the occurrence or termination labor relations between the Company and its employees;

Provision of a portal, services personal account for students, parents and teachers;

Storage of learning outcomes;

Fulfillment of obligations stipulated by federal legislation and other regulatory legal acts;

3. Rules for the processing of personal data

3.1. The Company processes only those personal data that are presented in the approved List of personal data processed by the FGAU GNII ITT "Informika"

3.2. The Company is not allowed to process the following categories of personal data:

Racial affiliation;

Political views;

Philosophical beliefs;

About the state of health;

State intimate life;

Nationality;

Religious beliefs.

3.3. The Company does not process biometric personal data (information that characterizes physiological and biological features person, on the basis of which it is possible to establish his identity).

3.4. The Company does not carry out cross-border transfer of personal data (transfer of personal data to the territory foreign country authority of a foreign state, foreign natural person or a foreign legal entity).

3.5. The Company prohibits making decisions regarding subjects of personal data based solely on automated processing their personal data.

3.6. The Company does not process data on the criminal record of subjects.

3.7. The company does not post the personal data of the subject in publicly available sources without his prior consent.

4. Implemented requirements to ensure the security of personal data

4.1. In order to ensure the security of personal data during their processing, the Company implements the following requirements normative documents RF in the field of processing and ensuring the security of personal data:

the federal law dated July 27, 2006, No. 152-FZ "On Personal Data";

Government Decree Russian Federation dated November 1, 2012 N 1119 "On approval of requirements for the protection of personal data when processing them in information systems personal data ";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 15, 2008 No. 687 "On approval of the Regulation on the specifics of personal data processing carried out without the use of automation tools";

Order of the FSTEC of Russia of 18.02.2013 N 21 "On approval of the composition and content of organizational and technical measures to ensure the security of personal data during their processing in personal data information systems";

The basic model of threats to the security of personal data during their processing in personal data information systems (approved by the Deputy Director of the FSTEC of Russia on February 15, 2008);

Methodology for determining current threats to the security of personal data during their processing in personal data information systems (approved by the Deputy Director of the FSTEC of Russia on February 14, 2008).

4.2. The company assesses the harm that may be caused to subjects of personal data and identifies threats to the security of personal data. In accordance with the identified current threats, the Company takes necessary and sufficient organizational and technical measures, including the use of information protection tools, detection of facts of unauthorized access, recovery of personal data, establishment of rules for access to personal data, as well as control and assessment of the effectiveness of the measures applied.

4.3. The Company has appointed persons responsible for organizing the processing and security of personal data.

4.4. The Company's management is aware of the need and is interested in ensuring the proper level of security of personal data processed in terms of the requirements of the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation, both from the point of view of the requirements of the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation, and the level of security of personal data processed as part of the Company's core business.

1. For the designation of quantity, mainly used quantitative numerals (for example, five rooms, ten little indians, etc.). In some cases, to designate the amount are used, along with cardinal numbers, collective (two, three, four, five, six, seven).

Collective numerals are used:

a) with masculine and general nouns that call males: two friends, three orphans;

b) with nouns that have only plural forms : two scissors, three days;

c) with nouns children, guys, people, face (meaning "person"): two children, three unfamiliar faces;

G) with personal pronouns we, you, they: there are two of us, there are five of them;

e) with substantive numerals and adjectives denoting persons : two military men entered; three patients.

In indirect cases with inanimate nouns, cardinal numbers are used: more than three days.

It must be remembered that collective numerals are not combined with nouns denoting female persons (you cannot say: three students, four girlfriends). They also do not combine with masculine nouns denoting animals (one cannot say : three wolves).

2. When using a collective numeral, both - both in combination with nouns female in indirect cases, forms of both, both, both, etc. are used. These numbers are not used with nouns that have no form. singular, since they do not have a genus category. It cannot be said : at both gates, can : at both gates.

3. In compound cardinal numbers all the words that form them are inclined, and the nouns denoting countable objects in all cases, except for the nominative and accusative, agree with the numerals in the case. For example: A series of tutorials with three hundred and sixty-seven drawings. But: There are three hundred and sixty-seven drawings in the manual.

4. With a mixed number, the noun is controlled by a fraction and it is used in genitive singular: five and three fifths of a meter, but: five meters; seven and two-thirds of a kilogram, but: seven kilograms.

5. Numerals one and a half and one and a half hundred have only two forms: for the nominative and accusative cases and for all the others (one and a half, one and a half hundred and one and a half, one and a half hundred). The numeral one and a half in combination with the word day has the form half a day with emphasis on the first O.

Norms for the use of adjectives

1. With the full form of the adjective used in the nominative case in the role compound predicate, cannot, as a rule, be controlled words, but with a short form - they can. For example: he had a sore throat, he is capable of music (but one cannot say - he was a sick sore throat, he is capable of music).



2. Short form from adjectives ending in -th, is based on - en(not on - enin): disastrous - disastrous, meaningless - meaningless, inactive - inactive, groundless - groundless, countless - countless, majestic - majestic, warlike - belligerent, ambiguous - ambiguous, ignorant - ignorant, etc.

3. Forms are not used : better, worse, less beautiful, less intelligent etc., since the second word in itself already expresses the meaning comparative.

4.In literary language such forms of comparative degree are accepted

adjectives: faster, louder, dexterous, sweeter, whipping (and not faster, louder, more agile, sweeter, more trenchant).

5. Not used as homogeneous members proposals half-

naya and short form the name of the adjective. You can't say: The house is stone and very solid. Necessary : The house is stone and very solid.

According to the semantic features, grammatical properties and nature of use, the following categories of numerals are distinguished: 1) quantitative: three, ten, thirteen, thousand, million etc., 2) collective : two, three, four etc., 3) fractional: three fourths, one point five sevenths, one eighth etc., 4) indefinite quantitative: a lot, a little, a lot, a few etc., 5) ordinal: fifth, one hundred twenty third etc.

Genus category have numerals: one- m.r., one- f.r., one thing- Wed. two- m.r. and Wed R., two- f; both- m.r. and Wed R., both- f; one and a half- m.r. and Wed p ... one and a half- f; thousand- f; million, billion, trillion–M.r.

All numeral names have case category.

Declension of prime numbers

One

M.R. Wed p. Zh.r. Mn.h.

AND. one one one one

R.one one one one

D.one one one one

V. one,one one, one one one one one

T. one one one one

NS. (about) one (about) one (about) one (about) one

Two three four

AND... two two three four

R. two three four

D. two three four

V. as I. or R. as I. or R. as I. or R.

T. two three four

NS. (o) two (o) three (o) four

Numerals 5...29, 30 change as nouns 3 declensions. In numerals from 50 before 80 and from 200 before 900 both sides are inclined.

AND.fifty two hundred nine hundred

R.five fifty two hundred nine hundred

D.five fifty two hundred nine hundred

V.fifty two hundred nine hundred

T.five fifty two hundred nine hundred



NS.five fifty (about) two hundred (about) nine hundred

Numerals 40 , 90 , 100 in indirect cases have the ending -a.

Forty Ninety Hundred

AND.forty ninety one hundred

R.forty ninety one hundred

D.forty ninety one hundred

V.forty ninety one hundred

T.forty ninety one hundred

NS.forty ninety one hundred

Have constituent numerals are declined by all their constituent words.

AND. four hundred sixty eight

R. four hundred sixty eight

D. four hundred sixty eight

V. four hundred sixty eight

T. four hundred sixty eight / eight

NS. about four hundred (about) sixty eight

Ordinary when declension, only the last part, the last word, changes; endings - like adjectives. For example:

T.twenty-five thousandth, one thousand nine hundred and forty-three

NS.about twenty-five thousandth, about one thousand nine hundred and forty-three

Fractional numerals, the 1st part is declined as a simple numeral, the 2nd - as an adjective in plural.

AND.four sevenths (fields - R.p. units)

R.four seventh

D.four seventh

V.four sevenths

T.four seventh

NS.about four sevenths

Collective numbers are declined as plural adjectives. Both - m., cf. genus (and m. and. w .: both they, husband and wife...); both- well. genus.

AND. four; both, both

R. four; both, both

D. four; both, both

V. =I. p. (inanimate); = R. p. (soul)

T. four; both, both

NS. about four; both, both

Numerals thousand, million, billion etc. declined like nouns.

Units Mn.h.

AND.thousand thousand

R.thousand thousand

D.thousand thousand

V.one thousand thousand

T.thousand / thousand thousand

NS.(oh) thousand (oh) thousand

Note: In TV p. this number has two options. Both are normative, but in cases where this numeral is used in the meaning of a noun, the first option (thousand) is preferable, for example: left with one thousand in his pocket, opened a store called a thousand little things.

Usage rates different types numerals

In comparison with other parts of speech, numerals are represented in modern Russian by a rather limited group of words. However, despite the small number, the use of the names of numerals causes certain difficulties.

1. Variant shapes available instrumental case simple and complex numbers and combinations with them:

Normative colloquial

eight eight

eighty eighty

fifty fifty

sixty sixty

The numeral eight hundred in T.p. has options: eight hundred and eight hundred. Both of these options are normative.

2. Numerals one and a half, one and a half and one and a half hundred have only two forms: in the nominative and accusative –one and a half(m. and Wed. p.), one and a half(f. p.), one hundred and fifty; in indirect cases - floor at torus, floor at torasta.

3. When connecting a compound numeral ending in two three four(22, 23, 24 ...102, 193 etc.), with only plural nouns ( day, sleigh, scissors), syntactic inconsistency arises.

4. In normative speech, the use of words is strictly delineated both and both in all cases: both brothers–both sisters. Violation of this rule is undesirable even in oral speech.

5. In combinations two (three four) and more the controlled noun is in singular genitive. numbers: two or more options, three or more difficult forms.

6. The words two three four used with animate nouns have an accusative form similar to the genitive: met two friends and three girlfriends, consulted four students.

7. The constructions are correct 35.5 percent a (not: percent), 12,6 kilometers(not: kilometers), that is, with a mixed number, the noun is governed by a fraction, not an integer. Also: 45.0 (forty five and zero tenths) seconds, 6 7/8 meters.

8. Collective numerals two, three, four(other numbers of this type are rarely used) are combined:

a) with nouns husband. and total. genus naming persons: two friends, three orphans;

b) with nouns denoting paired objects and used only in the plural form. numbers: two sleighs, three tongs;

c) with nouns children, guys, people, with noun face in the meaning of "person": two children, three children, four unfamiliar faces;

d) with substantivized numerals: two entered, seven do not wait for one;

e) with personal pronouns we you they: there are two of us, three of you, there were five of them;

f) with nouns denoting baby animals: seven kids, four kittens.

9 ... When constructions are synonymous with cardinal and collective numerals such as two friends - two friends the choice of one of the options is possible. It is preferable to use collective numerals:

a) with substantive masculine adjectives: two passers-by, three patients, seven playing;

b) with masculine nouns ending in - a: two men, three heads.

On the other hand, it is preferable to use a cardinal number:

a) with some nouns m.r., naming persons by profession, occupation, position, etc .: three professors, six majors;

b) with inanimate nouns in indirect cases: to two sleighs, about three days.

However, in combinations with the word clock, the choice of a collective or quantitative numeral is meaningful in nature: six hours are missing - six hours are missing.

CONTROL QUESTIONS

1. What are the features of the declension of quantitative, ordinal, fractional and collective nouns?

2. What features of combinations of numerals with nouns stand out?

TOPIC ASSIGNMENTS

Exercise 1. Decline the numbers:

4652; 1941; 688; 795; one thousand nine hundred seventy-ninth year; two men; three days; one and a half kilograms of oranges; one point twenty four hundredths; 105 meters 53 centimeters.

Task 2. Pay attention to the use of collective and quantitative numerals, countable nouns. Edit the sentences to motivate the changes in the text.

1. Five girls from our group worked in a construction brigade in the summer. 2. So many journalists, tourists, guests have entered the capital of the championship that its population will increase by a couple of thousand. 3. Among the students of our group, four were excellent students. 4. The snowstorm did not subside for three days. 5. Two wolves were shot in the barnyard. 6. The sports club has been at the forefront of the major league for a dozen years. 7. Three boys and three girls performed a beautiful dance. 8. The hunters caught four hares and two foxes. 9. Two new heroines are involved in the play. 10. The diploma was presented to I.А. Ivanova: she is turning eight. 11. The village is located one and a half kilometers from the station. 12. There are about a month and a half left before the vacation. 12. Wallpaper students received scholarships. 13. This is how we live: seven in one room.

Assignment 3... Find semantic or stylistic differences between parallel forms of numbers. What phrases are associated with a violation of the norms for the use of numerals?

Three soldiers - three soldiers, four girls - four girls, two professors - two professors, to both friends - to two friends, about a thousand little things - about thousand little things, with a thousand soldiers - with a thousand soldiers, 150 meters away - 150 meters away.

Assignment 4... Read the sentences by putting the numbers in the correct case. Remember: numerals - business card general speech culture of the speaker.

1. The Napoleonic army numbered about 134 thousand soldiers and officers with 587 guns. 2. In the city lived about 120 thousand people, who disposed of 572 dessiatines of arable land, 257 - hayfields, 735 - forests, 528 - water. 3. In 1917, the Russian army needed to be replenished with 1850 fighters. 4. The most developed tram network in the world is St. Petersburg, with 20402 cars and 64 routes. 5. Of 4803 London buses, 4120 are double-decker buses. 6. More than 350 halls of the Hermitage house almost 3 million works of art. 7. Approximately 845 languages ​​and dialects are spoken in India.

Task 5. Using the data provided, compose texts (or sentences) on the topics of the surveys. Consume prepositions: from, to, more, over, about; nouns: quantity, number, proportion; Verbs: achieve (what?), be calculated (what?), equal (what?), exceed (what?), amount (how much?).

Sample: Number citizens who consider the fight against crime a priority problem, is more than eighty one percent.

Survey of Russian citizens

Question:

What do you think should be done specifically to improve living conditions in our city? What problems need to be addressed first?

Answer:

- maintaining order, fighting crime - 81%

- organization of trade - 38%

- Work public transport –31%

- assistance to the elderly, children, the disabled, the poor - 31%

- ecology - 30%

- improvement of the city - 29%

- condition health care – 29%

- housing problems - 21%

– school education – 12%

- work of children preschool institutions – 8%

- activities of cultural institutions - 7%

1. Vvedenskaya L.A. Russian language. Workshop: textbook. allowance / L.A. Vvedenskaya, M.Yu. Semenova. - M .: KNORUS, Rostov n / Donu: Science-Press, 2006.

2. Graudina L.K. Grammatical correctness Russian speech. Stylistic dictionary of options / In-t rus. lang. them. V.V. Vinogradov RAS; OK. Graudin, V.A. Itskovich, L.P. Katlinskaya. - 3rd ed., Erased. - M .: LLC "Astrel Publishing House": LLC "AST Publishing House", 2004.

3. Culture of oral and written speech of a Business Person: A Handbook. Workshop. - 6th ed. - M .: Flinta: Science, 2001.

4. D.E. Rosenthal Reference book on the Russian language. Practical stylistics / D.E. Rosenthal. - M .: Publishing House "ONYX 21st Century": Peace and Education, 2001.

5. Russian language and culture of speech: textbook. for universities / A.I. Dunev, M. Ya. Dymarsky, A. Yu. Kozhevnikov and others; Ed. V.D. Chernyak. - M .: Higher. shk .; S.-Pb .: Publishing house of the Russian State Pedagogical University im. A.I. Herzen, 2002.

Numeral- this is independent part speech, which denotes the number of objects ( five, twenty) or the order of items when counting ( fifth, twentieth) without relative to the items themselves. Therefore, in speech they are used in combination with nouns ( two students, third floor). In sentences, numbers are usually used before nouns ( thirty kilometers). Changing the order of words ( thirty kilometers) gives the value of the approximate quantity. Numeral names have a complex declension system. It depends: 1) to which category the numeral belongs; 2) what is the numeral in composition (structure).

According to their meaning and grammatical features, all numeral names are divided into quantitative and ordinal .

Cardinal numbers answer the question how much? and denote the number of items ( three movie) or numbers ( ninety, one hundred and one). Cardinal numbers can be called:

a) integers ( six cases , twelve months);

b) fractional numbers ( two-thirds plot, two point six hectare) is fractional numbers ;

c) the number of two to ten objects as a whole (four peers, seven courageous) is collective numbers .

It should be remembered that collective numbers are not combined:

1) with nouns denoting female persons;

2) with nouns denoting the names of animals, including young ones.

Collective numbers are most often used:

1) with masculine and general nouns that name males: two friends, three orphans;

2) with nouns that have only plural forms: two hours, three sleighs, four days;

3) with nouns guys, children, people;

4) with personal pronouns: we you they: There are two of us, there are five of them.

Ordinal numbers answer the question which? and have a countable ordinal value ( third, seventy sixth, four hundred and forty-third).

In terms of composition (structure), quantitative and ordinal numbers can be:

1) simple , i.e., consisting of one root ( six, one hundred, one thousand);

2) complex , i.e., consisting of two bases ( seventy, seven hundred);

3) constituent , i.e., consisting of several words ( thirty three, one hundred twenty nine, one thousand two hundred fifty six)

Features of the declension of the names of numerals

1. Numeral one changes in gender and number, and therefore it declines according to the type of adjectives, only in the nominative and accusative cases does it have noun endings:

I. one, one a, one O, one and

R. one Wow, one Oh, one Wow, one their etc.

2. Numbers two (two), three, four has a special system case endings

R. dv uh, tr eh, four eh

D. dv mind, tr eat, four eat etc.

3. Simple cardinal numbers from 5 to 20 and 30 are declined as nouns of the 3rd declension, that is, in the genitive, dative, prepositional cases have an ending -and: up to this and hours, to this and hours, oh this and hours.

4. Numbers 40, 90, 100 have two forms:

I., V. - forty, ninety O, st O

R., D., T., P. - forty a, ninety a, st a

5. Numbers from 50 to 80 and from 200 to 900 represent Difficult words, and with declination, both parts change.

50 – 80

AND. toe b ten

R. toe and ten

D. toe and ten

V. toe b ten

T. toe ew ten

NS. (oh) heels and ten

200 – 400

AND. two hundred and

R. dv uh honeycomb

D. dv mind stam

V. two hundred and

T. two me stami

NS. (o) dv uh stah

500 – 900

AND. toe b honeycomb

R. toe and honeycomb

D. toe and stam

V. toe b honeycomb

T. toe ew stami

NS. (oh) heels and stah

It should be remembered that for numerals denoting whole tens from 50 to 80 and round hundreds from 500 to 900, a soft sign is written in the nominative and accusative cases after the first root.

6. Composite quantitative numerals denoting whole numbers are inclined all the words of which they consist

AND. seven hundred sixty eight

R. this and honeycomb and ten eight and etc.

7. When declension of fractional numbers, both parts change: the first part is declined as a numeral denoting an integer, the second as an adjective in the plural: to tr eat toe th (D. p.), with tre me heels mi (Etc.).

If a fractional numeral denotes the number of objects, then the noun with it is always in the genitive case: one second hectare(I. p.), to one second hectare(D. p.).

Fractional numbers one and a half (one and a half) and one hundred and fifty when declined, they have two forms:

I., V. - one and a half, one and a half, one and a half hundred

R., D., T., P. - one and a half, one and a half hundred

8. Collective numerals in indirect cases have the same endings as plural adjectives:

AND. four bears

R. four oops cubs

D. four th bear cubs

Collective numerals both (both) in masculine and neuter in indirect cases have a stem -Bobo-, and in the female -both-... Wed: with about O them boys, but: with about e them girls... Only the numeral is combined with feminine nouns both: both friends, both desks.

9. Ordinal numbers are declined according to the type of adjectives, since they also change in gender, number and case. Wed:

AND. fourth th- new th

R. fourth Wow- new Wow

In compound ordinal numbers, with declension, only the last word changes:

AND. th year

R. one thousand nine hundred ninety four Wow of the year

It should be borne in mind that ordinal numbers on -hundredth, -Thousandth, -millionth, -billionth are written together: six hundred kilometer, two thousandth copy.