Identify the sentence in which NOT with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.

A group of scientists had to go to the (NOT) EXPLORED part of the island.

After everything that Nikita heard that evening, he realized that his position was by no means (NOT) FAVORABLE.

The old house, decorated with wooden carvings, stood on a (NOT) HIGH, but for some reason stood out against the background of the rest of the hillocks.

Some fragments of the manuscript are still (NOT) FOUND.

(Not) DECIDED to approach his father, Deniska stood and shifted from foot to foot.

Explanation (see also Rule below).

Here is the correct spelling.

A group of scientists had to go to the UNEXPLORED (the participle as part of participial turnover is written with NOT separately) part of the island.

After everything that Nikita heard that evening, he realized that his position was by no means FAVORABLE (the word DOES NOT belong to the adverb, so the adverb with NOT is written separately).

The old house, decorated with wooden carvings, stood on a LOW (can be replaced by a synonym for “low”), but for some reason stood out from the rest of the hillocks.

Some fragments of the manuscript are still NOT FOUND (NOT with a short participle separately).

NOT RESOLVING (NOT with a separate participle) to approach his father, Deniska stood and shifted from foot to foot.

Answer: low.

Answer: low

Rule: Task 13. Continuous and separate spelling NOT and NOR with different parts speeches

Spelling NOT and NOR.

According to the specification, the task of this type checks:

− the ability to distinguish a particle NOT from a particle NI;

- the ability to distinguish the prefix NOT from the prefix NI;

- the ability to write together or separately NOT with all parts of speech.

In this regard, we draw attention to the fact that the condition of tasks, depending on its goals, can vary significantly. At the same time, we also note that typical tasks The Unified State Examination (authors Tsybulko I.P., Lvov, Egoraeva) only checks the ability to write together or separately NOT with different parts of speech, and in the tasks of other authors, including Senina, MMIO (StatGrad), tasks are also presented to choose NOT or NOR. The editors of RESHUEGE also consider it necessary to expand the types of this task within the specification of the current year.

We also draw attention to the fact that a number of rules by which spelling is checked are not studied in the school course. Such rules are marked with *.

12.1 Merged and separate spelling of particles NE and NI.

The particle is not written separately:

1) If there is or is implied opposition with names, adverbs and participles.

It is necessary to distinguish between direct opposition, in which one of the two features called adjectives is denied, and the second is affirmed, and opposition with a concessive connotation of meaning, in which both features, called adjectives, are attributed to the object, i.e. there is a contrast, but without negation .

Wed: The lake is not deep, but shallow (the sign "deep" is denied and the sign "shallow" is affirmed). - The lake is shallow, but wide (both signs are affirmed: "both shallow and wide"; "although shallow, but wide") .

1) This is not happiness, but grief. The river is not shallow (deep). You are not my friend. They didn't go fast, but slowly. Not a silent, but a growing rumble.
2) * With adjectives, adverbs in -o and participles, words in -my, if the opposition is implied and the negation is reinforced by the words:

a) not at all, not at all, not at all, not at all, not at all;

b) negative pronominal words: not at all, not at all, no one, no one, no one, never, nowhere, not at all, nothing, nothing, nothing, etc.

For convenience of explanation, we call them negative amplifiers.

a) This is not true at all; This case is by no means unique; This is by no means obvious; She is far from brave; He is by no means stupid; It's no fun to talk about it; Not in the least embarrassed; She is by no means more educated than her husband;

b) The case is in no way suitable; A worthless project; He is no friend of mine; not at all envious, not needed by anyone, in no way useless, good for nothing, incapable of anything, not interesting in anything; He is not in the least prettier than his sister;
3) *With short adjectives that are not used in full.3) not happy, not supposed to, not right, not visible, not intending, not disposed, not ready, not obligated, not needed, not agreeing.
4) With full participles in the presence of dependent words (except for the words of degree enhancers, see the list) or opposition (as a general rule)4) Fields of rye not yet harvested could be seen. Not a laughing, but a crying child.
4) * With verbal adjectives formed from transitive imperfective verbs with the help of suffixes -em-, -im- only if there is a dependent word in the instrumental case.4) The subject I did not like was to be taken this year.

This case requires further explanation. It is necessary to distinguish between writing not with words in -my, formed from transitive imperfective verbs: such words can be like passive participles present tense, and adjectives (in the first case, the spelling with is not separate, in the second it is continuous). They are participles if they use as an explanatory word instrumental case actor, less often creative tools (the so-called instrumental); in the presence of other explanatory words, they become adjectives (lose the meaning of passiveness and the meaning of time and acquire a qualitative meaning). Compare: a child not loved by the mother - games unloved in childhood (in the second case, the word unloved indicates a permanent sign, meaning approximately the same as “unpleasant”, “undesirable”); motion not inhibited by air - the side of the moon invisible from the Earth.

Adjectives of this type include: invisible, insane, inflammable, inextinguishable, immovable, indivisible, unforgettable, invisible, unchangeable, unloved, unthinkable, untaxable, inalienable, untranslatable, incommunicable, unknowable, unverifiable, unconjugated, intolerant and etc. Wed. their writing in the presence of explanatory words: a number indivisible by three, unforgettable meetings for us, through tears invisible to the world, records unthinkable in the recent past, indescribable in simple terms feelings, accounts that have not been verified for a long time, mud that is impenetrable in the springtime, nouns that are indeclinable in Russian, behavior that is intolerable in our society, etc.
5) With verbs, gerunds, short participles, with numerals, conjunctions, particles, prepositions:5) was not, could not, without recognizing, not ordered, not removed, not one, not five, not that ... not that, not only, not above us.
6) * With adverbs and words of the state category

a) in comparative degree

b) as a predicate impersonal predicate

6) moved no louder, spoke no faster

I don't need, she doesn't need
7) in negative pronouns with an accented preposition7) not with anyone, not in anything, not about anyone
7) in negative pronouns with a preposition without stress7) with no one, in nothing, about no one

12.2 Consolidated spelling NO and NO.

The particle is not written together:

1) If the word without NOT is not used.A) Nouns: fiction, tumbler, ignorance, ignoramus, adversity, unseen, invisible, slave, scoundrel, touchy, ailment, forget-me-not, hatred, bad weather, malfunctions, fidget, slob, foolish, loser, infidel;

b) adjectives and adverbs derived from them: negligent, nondescript, irrevocable, unharmed, inevitable, unchanging, absurd, necessary, invincible, incessant, inseparable, inexpressible, unending, incessant, undoubted, incomparable, awkward, unfortunate, clumsy, unbearable, unshakable, indisputable, indomitable; carelessly, absurdly, necessary, undoubtedly;

V) Verbs: to dislike, to dislike, to be indignant, to be unwell, to be unwell, to hate, to be unwell, to be sick, to be perplexed, to be numb, to be numb;

G) adverbs and other invariable words: unbearable; unbearable; unbearable in spite of, in spite of (prepositions)
2) *NOT is part of the prefix NEDO, which gives the verbs the meaning of incompleteness, insufficiency in comparison with some norm. The same rule also works in participles formed from verbs with the prefix NEDO. The prefix NEDO- is often antonymous with the prefix PERE-: undersalt - oversalt, underfulfilled - overfulfilled, underfilled - overfilled, underfilled - pass.2) The child was very lacking in the care of his parents. During the war, children were undernourished and undersleeped. Rozhdestvensky believed too much in his own strength, considering himself a genius, but underestimated the abilities of his opponent.
3) With nouns, adjectives, adverbs in -o, -e, when a new word, a new concept is formed, often with a negative quality.3) misfortune (trouble), difficult (difficult), difficult, ugly, not far (close), nearby
4) * In combination with adjectives and adverbs of the word denoting the degree of quality: very, extremely, quite, extremely, obviously, quite (pretty much), enough do not affect the continuous or separate spelling, therefore it is NOT written together.

For the convenience of explanations, we call them strengths and degrees.

4) A very unpleasant incident. A completely uninteresting game was invented. He spoke rather incomprehensibly.
5) With full participles in the absence of dependent words or *when dependent words are degree enhancers5) We walked along the unlit streets of the town. I made a very rash decision.
6) * In verbal adjectives formed from intransitive verbs or transitive perfective verbs with the help of suffixes -em-, -im-. These are not participles, since participles with suffixes -em, -them should only be imperfective, they are the present tense.6) unfading, inexhaustible, irreconcilable, irresistible, indomitable, inexhaustible, indestructible.
7) in negative and indefinite pronouns and adverbs, depending on the stress, E or I, but together.7) nobody-nobody, nothing-nothing, nobody-nobody, nothing-nothing, nowhere-nowhere, nowhere-nowhere, no need-nothing, once-never.

12.3. Particles NOT and NI differ in meaning:

For right choice particles HE and NI should take into account their semantic differences. Let's show them in tables.

The main uses of negative particles

Particle NOT usedNI particle is used
1) to express negation:

There were no letters or telegrams.

Brother does not look like a liar.

Not the moon, not the stars interest me, but only meteorites.

1) to strengthen the negation expressed by the particle NOT

There were no letters or telegrams.

The brother does not look like a deceiver or a joker.

I'm not interested in the stars or the moon.
2) to express a statement with a hint of obligation (double negation):

He couldn't call.

We couldn't help but notice.

2) to express quantitative negation:

The sky is clear.

Not a dewdrop in my mouth.
3) to express impossibility in impersonal sentences:

Do not catch up with you crazy trio!

Do not be war-fire!

3) for the emotional expression of a prohibition, order, duty:

No step back!

Not a sound! Not a day without a line!
4) when expressing uncertainty, fear or admiration:

Are you my guest?

No matter how frost strikes!

Why not a hero!

4) for the expression of uncertainty:

He is neither old nor young, neither fat nor thin (cf.: He is either old or young).

In phraseological units: Neither this nor that, neither fish nor meat.
5) in interrogative-exclamatory sentences when expressing an underlined statement:

Who didn't curse stationmasters who did not fight with them!

(A. Pushkin)

Is it not true that we have grown wiser?

With your condition, how not to get married? (L. Tolstoy)

5) in subordinate clauses with a generalized amplifying value (with allied words: whoever .. , whatever .. , wherever .. etc.).

Whatever the child amuses, if only she does not cry.

Whenever you ask him, you won’t reach into your pocket for a word.

Difficult cases of distinguishing between NI and NOT

1. In subordinate clauses. Compare:
Does NOT express negation:

When the brother did not come, everyone felt bored.

There are no wars where soldiers do not die.

NI expresses a statement with a touch of generality:

Whenever a brother came, he always brought animation and joy.

Wherever soldiers die, they should be remembered and honored.
2. In revolutions not one and none; not once and never. Compare:
Doesn't express negation

Not one of us (ie many) was ready for the ascent.

More than once (that is, many times) I had to meet with a wild beast.

Ni expresses the strengthening of negation:

None of us (i.e. none) were to ascend.

Not once (i.e. never) did I have to meet with a wild beast.
3. In pronominal phrases. Compare:
Emphasizing phrases with NOT contain the meaning of a hidden opposition and are used in affirmative sentences (cf .: none other, but ..)

None other than a woodpecker thumped dully in the forest.

Before us was nothing but an ancient cave.

These turns are used in negative sentences and serve to strengthen the negation: nobody ... not; nothing is not:

No one else would lead us to the right path.

Nothing but music fascinated me so much.

Remember!

Composite amplifying revolutions with a particle neither:

no matter what, no matter what, wherever, wherever, as if nothing had happened, etc.

Spelling varies Not with verbal adjectives my and with participles -my; in the presence of explanatory words, the first ones are written together (like denominative adjectives), the second ones - separately, for example:

A) uninhabited long time island insoluble crystals in water indistinguishable figures of people in the dark;

b) reserves not visited by hunters, unreadable non-specialist magazines, not favorite mother child.

For adjectives on my include words formed from intransitive verbs (for example: independent, waterproof, fireproof) or from perfective verbs (for example: incorrigible, unworkable, indestructible). These words apply general rules writing Not with adjectives, i.e. they are written together and in the presence of explanatory words (see examples above), as well as in short form(for example: island uninhabited, disease incurable, these countries are economically independent). However, the rule of separate writing of adjectives with Not, if pronouns and adverbs starting with neither, or combinations far from, not at all, not at all(see above, paragraph 6, note 1. subparagraph 2), for example: with nothing incomparable impression, countries not dependent on anyone, by no means insoluble crystals; this phenomenon is neither from life nor from art not removable. The exception is words that Not not used, for example: by no one invincible army, for no one incomprehensible case, under no circumstances unique experiment.

Note.

The spelling must be distinguished Not with words to my formed from transitive imperfective verbs: such words can be both passive participles of the present tense and adjectives (in the first case, writing with Not separate, in the second - merged). They are participles if they use the instrumental case of the actor as an explanatory word, less often the instrumental case (the so-called instrumental); in the presence of other explanatory words, they become adjectives (lose the meaning of passiveness and the meaning of time and acquire a qualitative meaning). Wed: not favorite mother child - unloved in childhood, play (in the second case, the word unloved indicates a permanent feature, meaning approximately the same as “unpleasant”, “undesirable”); movement, not braked air - invisible from the Earth side of the Moon.

Adjectives of this type include: invisible, insane, inflammable, inextinguishable, immovable, indivisible, unforgettable, invisible, unchangeable, unloved, unthinkable, tax-free, inalienable, untranslatable, incommunicable, unknowable, unverifiable, unconjugated, intolerant, etc. Cf. their spelling in the presence of explanatory words: indivisible for three number unforgettable meeting for us, through invisible world tears, unthinkable recent records, non-transferable in simple terms feelings unverifiable for a long time accounts, impassable mud in the spring indeclinable nouns in Russian intolerable behavior in our society, etc.

Not many people manage to travel most countries in their lives, visit most peaks, see different seas and oceans. But even those who were lucky enough to dedicate their lives to traveling, to such mysterious corners not reach. Even for scientists, these mysterious places on the planet remain mostly a mystery!

Mulu, Borneo

This place is known for the world's largest cave system, of which only 10% have been explored by man. They are easy to reach, you can safely take the train to Mulu. But not to get lost at the beginning of the journey is difficult. Caves in the jungle are covered with secrets, and therefore even the most daring travelers do not want to risk their lives.

This shield occupies 80% of the territory of Greenland, and its thickness is about 3 kilometers. It is because of this that 80% of the country remains complete mystery for all mankind. In 2014, scientists managed to make some progress and find out that something is under the ice: the bumps hidden under the shield indicate that there is something to study there, and the secrets that are hidden under the glacier can surprise us pretty much.

They are available for human study and expeditions of scientists are constantly conducted in these forests, but still this is one of the most unexplored territories due to its huge size. The Amazon tropics is the largest forest in the world. And its studied part is only the tip of the iceberg, and more than one unexpected discovery can await in the depths!

This area was studied for a long time by partisans and bandit groups that were hiding here from the authorities, so it's hard to say what they managed to see there. Robbers do not keep logbooks with records of the environment. Why did they choose the Northern Andes? Causes - Mountain landscape, dense forests and fogs, routes unknown to other people.

Yet expeditions of scientists also began to go to the Andes. But not in order to find out the secrets of the bandits, but to study the nature of this area. Over the past 12 years, at least several previously unknown species of animals, birds and plants have been identified.

Mariana Trench - remains the most mysterious and unexplored place in underwater world our planet. Its deepest place is called "Challenger Abyss". Its depth is more than 11 thousand meters! It is in this hollow that lives angler, as well as a host of others amazing creatures accustomed to enormous pressure and temperature changes. This is the most unexplored place on Earth, because absolutely no one knows what and who is at the very bottom.

Would you like to know the secrets of these unexplored places?

Victoria Demidyuk

Surprisingly, it is a fact: there are still places on our planet where no human has ever set foot! They are only photographed from aircraft or from space orbit.

According to scientists, about thirty percent of the Earth's surface has yet to be "explored" by expeditions. Is it a lot or a little? I think it's a lot, because we are talking about dry. The largest unexplored (or poorly explored) territories are in South America. First of all, it is worth immediately identifying the Amazon basin with its virgin forests. There and now, in our time, there are tribes that have never had any contact with modern civilization. The forests and rivers of the Amazon hold many secrets. In the jungle, you can easily be a dinner for wild predatory animals. Crocodiles and anacondas will be happy to bite you in the rivers.

The second most important "blank spot" in the world is North-Eastern Siberia. There are very few roads. Taiga, mountains, very harsh climate do not allow you to explore this vast territory well. Other places can only be reached by helicopter. Severe cold (on average minus 45 degrees) in winter, dense hordes of mosquitoes, midges, gadflies in summer ... permafrost. To complete the picture, it must also be said that North-Eastern Siberia is the most sparsely populated territory of Eurasia.

The third little-studied place on the planet is Antarctica. Although its research has been carried out by the efforts of scientists from several countries for more than a decade, about half of the territory is still only approximately indicated on the map. And even then from the air, and not by other (more reliable in terms of accuracy) methods. The least explored territory of Antarctica is its western part.

In fourth place is Greenland. It is 80 percent covered in ice. And this is really a "blank spot" on the maps. Global warming has led to the fact that the ice of Greenland recedes and opens up unknown mountains, depressions, plains. There were even new rivers.

However, there are places on Earth that are less famous in terms of their degree of study, but more exotic. For example, northern mountains Colombia. No scientific expedition would dare to go to those places. Cause? This part of Colombia is under the complete control of the armed combat units of drug traffickers. They don't know diplomacy.

Another exotic, but also extremely dangerous place for research on the planet is Papua New Guinea. More than half of its territory has never had any scientific expeditions. Cause? In the mountains and forests of this country there are tribes of cannibals. How many of them in number is unknown. But they are hostile to any contact with them and, at every opportunity, capture those who dare to pass through their territory. The end of captivity is always the same - a bloody rite of eating aliens.

Acquaintance with Namibia can be no less dangerous. Her rich wild animal world constantly attracts poachers armed with the most modern small arms. More than 2,500 cheetahs live in Namibia - a quarter of all cheetahs on the planet. Although the constitution of this country has a special article on the protection of wild animals, poachers simply meet with automatic fire any attempts to detain them or even photograph them. It is clear that under such conditions no scientific research out of the question.

The Tibetan Plateau is also poorly studied. But here the reason is completely different - an almost Martian landscape, complete desertion, absolute impassability. You will be very lucky if the local guide will be able to navigate correctly. Otherwise, the entire expedition will face certain painful death due to hellish conditions. By the way, cartographers still cannot even make common card Tibetan plateau. You can now go in any direction along it and not know what will be ahead. Monotonous mountains and rocks create the feeling of being on an unknown planet.

On Earth there is not only a part of the land unknown to research. Scientists say that the moon is much better studied than sea ​​depths our planet. And as an example - Mariana deep sea trench. Only very recently (in 2011) its relief was obtained from a US military vessel using a multibeam echo sounder. What is there, in the hollow itself, is unknown. But one of the last descents of the bathysphere almost ended in tragedy. The strongest titanium cable was "sawed" by an unknown sea ​​creature at great depth. By some miracle it didn't break. What kind of monster tried to "gnaw through" a metal cable at a depth of many kilometers?

Determine the sentence in which NOT (NOT) with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.

Archaeologists Rostov region are concerned about the development of (NOT) RESEARCHED territories by scientists.

By no means (NOT) Idle curiosity brought us to this city.

Through the (NOT) CLOSED curtains, one could see a large, brightly lit room.

The book is still (NOT) READ.

(NOT) MORE THAN a third of students gave correct answers to tasks of increased complexity.

Explanation (see also Rule below).

Here is the correct spelling:

Archaeologists of the Rostov region are concerned about development NOT STUDYED BY SCIENTISTS territories. (not written separately, because the participle includes dependent words);

By no means an idle curiosity brought us to this city. (if the adjective includes words like by no means, far, at all, etc., then it is not written separately);

Through the UNCLOSED curtains, a large brightly lit room was visible. (there are no dependent words, therefore it is not written together with the participle);

The book has not yet been read. (not with a short participle);

NO MORE THAN a third of the students gave correct answers to tasks of increased complexity. (not with adverbs in a comparative degree is written separately).

Answer: not pulled | not pulled.

If you encounter difficulties in completing the task, repeat the Rule attached to it.

Answer: not pulled | not pulled

Rule: Task 13. Continuous and separate spelling NOT and NOR with different parts of speech

Spelling NOT and NOR.

According to the specification, the task of this type checks:

− the ability to distinguish a particle NOT from a particle NI;

- the ability to distinguish the prefix NOT from the prefix NI;

- the ability to write together or separately NOT with all parts of speech.

In this regard, we draw attention to the fact that the condition of tasks, depending on its goals, can vary significantly. At the same time, we also note that in typical USE assignments(authors Tsybulko I.P., Lvov, Egoraeva) only the ability to write together or separately NOT with different parts of speech is checked, and in the tasks of other authors, including Senina, MMIO (StatGrad) there are also tasks to choose from NOT or NOR. The editors of RESHUEGE also consider it necessary to expand the types of this task within the specification of the current year.

We also draw attention to the fact that a number of rules by which spelling is checked are not studied in the school course. Such rules are marked with *.

12.1 Merged and separate spelling of particles NE and NI.

The particle is not written separately:

1) If there is or is implied opposition with names, adverbs and participles.

It is necessary to distinguish between direct opposition, in which one of the two features called adjectives is denied, and the second is affirmed, and opposition with a concessive connotation of meaning, in which both features, called adjectives, are attributed to the object, i.e. there is a contrast, but without negation .

Wed: The lake is not deep, but shallow (the sign "deep" is denied and the sign "shallow" is affirmed). - The lake is shallow, but wide (both signs are affirmed: "both shallow and wide"; "although shallow, but wide") .

1) This is not happiness, but grief. The river is not shallow (deep). You are not my friend. They didn't go fast, but slowly. Not a silent, but a growing rumble.
2) * With adjectives, adverbs in -o and participles, words in -my, if the opposition is implied and the negation is reinforced by the words:

a) not at all, not at all, not at all, not at all, not at all;

b) negative pronominal words: not at all, not at all, no one, no one, no one, never, nowhere, not at all, nothing, nothing, nothing, etc.

For convenience of explanation, we call them negative amplifiers.

a) This is not true at all; This case is by no means unique; This is by no means obvious; She is far from brave; He is by no means stupid; It's no fun to talk about it; Not in the least embarrassed; She is by no means more educated than her husband;

b) The case is in no way suitable; A worthless project; He is no friend of mine; not at all envious, not needed by anyone, in no way useless, good for nothing, incapable of anything, not interesting in anything; He is not in the least prettier than his sister;
3) *With short adjectives that are not used in full.3) not happy, not supposed to, not right, not visible, not intending, not disposed, not ready, not obligated, not needed, not agreeing.
4) With full participles in the presence of dependent words (except for the words of degree enhancers, see the list) or opposition (as a general rule)4) Fields of rye not yet harvested could be seen. Not a laughing, but a crying child.
4) * With verbal adjectives formed from transitive imperfective verbs with the help of suffixes -em-, -im- only if there is a dependent word in the instrumental case.4) The subject I did not like was to be taken this year.

This case requires further explanation. It is necessary to distinguish between writing not with words in -my, formed from transitive imperfective verbs: such words can be both passive present participles and adjectives (in the first case, the spelling with is not separate, in the second it is continuous). They are participles if they use the instrumental case of the actor as an explanatory word, less often the instrumental case (the so-called instrumental); in the presence of other explanatory words, they become adjectives (lose the meaning of passiveness and the meaning of time and acquire a qualitative meaning). Compare: a child not loved by the mother - games unloved in childhood (in the second case, the word unloved indicates a permanent sign, meaning approximately the same as “unpleasant”, “undesirable”); motion not inhibited by air - the side of the moon invisible from the Earth.

Adjectives of this type include: invisible, insane, inflammable, inextinguishable, immovable, indivisible, unforgettable, invisible, unchangeable, unloved, unthinkable, untaxable, inalienable, untranslatable, incommunicable, unknowable, unverifiable, unconjugated, intolerant and etc. Wed. their writing in the presence of explanatory words: a number that is indivisible by three, meetings that are unforgettable for us, through tears invisible to the world, records unthinkable in the recent past, feelings that cannot be expressed in simple words, accounts that have not been verified for a long time, mud that is impenetrable in springtime, nouns that are indeclinable in Russian , intolerant behavior in our society, etc.
5) With verbs, gerunds, short participles, with numerals, conjunctions, particles, prepositions:5) was not, could not, without recognizing, not ordered, not removed, not one, not five, not that ... not that, not only, not above us.
6) * With adverbs and words of the state category

a) comparatively

b) as a predicate impersonal predicate

6) moved no louder, spoke no faster

I don't need, she doesn't need
7) in negative pronouns with an accented preposition7) not with anyone, not in anything, not about anyone
7) in negative pronouns with a preposition without stress7) with no one, in nothing, about no one

12.2 Continuous spelling NOT and NOR.

The particle is not written together:

1) If the word without NOT is not used.A) Nouns: fiction, tumbler, ignorance, ignoramus, adversity, unseen, invisible, slave, scoundrel, touchy, ailment, forget-me-not, hatred, bad weather, malfunctions, fidget, slob, foolish, loser, infidel;

b) adjectives and adverbs derived from them: negligent, nondescript, irrevocable, unharmed, inevitable, unchanging, absurd, necessary, invincible, incessant, inseparable, inexpressible, unending, incessant, undoubted, incomparable, awkward, unfortunate, clumsy, unbearable, unshakable, indisputable, indomitable; carelessly, absurdly, necessary, undoubtedly;

V) Verbs: to dislike, to dislike, to be indignant, to be unwell, to be unwell, to hate, to be unwell, to be sick, to be perplexed, to be numb, to be numb;

G) adverbs and other invariable words: unbearable; unbearable; unbearable in spite of, in spite of (prepositions)
2) *NOT is part of the prefix NEDO, which gives the verbs the meaning of incompleteness, insufficiency in comparison with some norm. The same rule also works in participles formed from verbs with the prefix NEDO. The prefix NEDO- is often antonymous with the prefix PERE-: undersalt - oversalt, underfulfilled - overfulfilled, underfilled - overfilled, underfilled - pass.2) The child was very lacking in the care of his parents. During the war, children were undernourished and undersleeped. Rozhdestvensky believed too much in his own strength, considering himself a genius, but underestimated the abilities of his opponent.
3) With nouns, adjectives, adverbs in -o, -e, when a new word, a new concept is formed, often with a negative quality.3) misfortune (trouble), difficult (difficult), difficult, ugly, not far (close), nearby
4) * In combination with adjectives and adverbs of the word denoting the degree of quality: very, extremely, quite, extremely, obviously, quite (pretty much), enough do not affect the continuous or separate spelling, therefore it is NOT written together.

For the convenience of explanations, we call them strengths and degrees.

4) A very unpleasant incident. A completely uninteresting game was invented. He spoke rather incomprehensibly.
5) With full participles in the absence of dependent words or *when dependent words are degree enhancers5) We walked along the unlit streets of the town. I made a very rash decision.
6) * In verbal adjectives formed from intransitive verbs or transitive perfective verbs with the help of suffixes -em-, -im-. These are not participles, since participles with suffixes -em, -them should only be imperfective, they are the present tense.6) unfading, inexhaustible, irreconcilable, irresistible, indomitable, inexhaustible, indestructible.
7) in negative and indefinite pronouns and adverbs, depending on the stress, E or I, but together.7) nobody-nobody, nothing-nothing, nobody-nobody, nothing-nothing, nowhere-nowhere, nowhere-nowhere, no need-nothing, once-never.

12.3. Particles NOT and NI differ in meaning:

For the correct choice of NE and NI particles, their semantic differences should be taken into account. Let's show them in tables.

The main uses of negative particles

Particle NOT usedNI particle is used
1) to express negation:

There were no letters or telegrams.

Brother does not look like a liar.

Not the moon, not the stars interest me, but only meteorites.

1) to strengthen the negation expressed by the particle NOT

There were no letters or telegrams.

The brother does not look like a deceiver or a joker.

I'm not interested in the stars or the moon.
2) to express a statement with a hint of obligation (double negation):

He couldn't call.

We couldn't help but notice.

2) to express quantitative negation:

The sky is clear.

Not a dewdrop in my mouth.
3) to express impossibility in impersonal sentences:

Do not catch up with you crazy trio!

Do not be war-fire!

3) for the emotional expression of a prohibition, order, duty:

No step back!

Not a sound! Not a day without a line!
4) when expressing uncertainty, fear or admiration:

Are you my guest?

No matter how frost strikes!

Why not a hero!

4) for the expression of uncertainty:

He is neither old nor young, neither fat nor thin (cf.: He is either old or young).

In phraseological units: Neither this nor that, neither fish nor meat.
5) in interrogative-exclamatory sentences when expressing an underlined statement:

Who has not cursed the stationmasters, who has not scolded them!

(A. Pushkin)

Is it not true that we have grown wiser?

With your condition, how not to get married? (L. Tolstoy)

5) in subordinate clauses with a generalized amplifying meaning (with allied words: whoever .., whatever .., wherever .. etc.).

Whatever the child amuses, if only she does not cry.

Whenever you ask him, you won’t reach into your pocket for a word.

Difficult cases of distinguishing between NI and NOT

1. In subordinate clauses. Compare:
Does NOT express negation:

When the brother did not come, everyone felt bored.

There are no wars where soldiers do not die.

NI expresses a statement with a touch of generality:

Whenever a brother came, he always brought animation and joy.

Wherever soldiers die, they should be remembered and honored.
2. In revolutions not one and none; not once and never. Compare:
Doesn't express negation

Not one of us (ie many) was ready for the ascent.

More than once (that is, many times) I had to meet with a wild beast.

Ni expresses the strengthening of negation:

None of us (i.e. none) were to ascend.

Not once (i.e. never) did I have to meet with a wild beast.
3. In pronominal phrases. Compare:
Emphasizing phrases with NOT contain the meaning of a hidden opposition and are used in affirmative sentences (cf .: none other, but ..)

None other than a woodpecker thumped dully in the forest.

Before us was nothing but an ancient cave.

These turns are used in negative sentences and serve to strengthen the negation: nobody ... not; nothing is not:

No one else would lead us to the right path.

Nothing but music fascinated me so much.

Remember!

Composite amplifying revolutions with a particle neither:

no matter what, no matter what, wherever, wherever, as if nothing had happened, etc.

Spelling varies Not with verbal adjectives my and with participles -my; in the presence of explanatory words, the first ones are written together (like denominative adjectives), the second ones - separately, for example:

A) uninhabited long time island insoluble crystals in water indistinguishable figures of people in the dark;

b) reserves not visited by hunters, unreadable non-specialist magazines, not favorite mother child.

For adjectives on my include words formed from intransitive verbs (for example: independent, waterproof, fireproof) or from perfective verbs (for example: incorrigible, unworkable, indestructible). These words are subject to the general spelling rules Not with adjectives, i.e. they are written together and in the presence of explanatory words (see examples above), as well as in short form (for example: island uninhabited, disease incurable, these countries are economically independent). However, the rule of separate writing of adjectives with Not, if pronouns and adverbs starting with neither, or combinations far from, not at all, not at all(see above, paragraph 6, note 1. subparagraph 2), for example: with nothing incomparable impression, countries not dependent on anyone, by no means insoluble crystals; this phenomenon is neither from life nor from art not removable. The exception is words that Not not used, for example: by no one invincible army, for no one incomprehensible case, under no circumstances unique experiment.

Note.

The spelling must be distinguished Not with words to my formed from transitive imperfective verbs: such words can be both passive participles of the present tense and adjectives (in the first case, writing with Not separate, in the second - merged). They are participles if they use the instrumental case of the actor as an explanatory word, less often the instrumental case (the so-called instrumental); in the presence of other explanatory words, they become adjectives (lose the meaning of passiveness and the meaning of time and acquire a qualitative meaning). Wed: not favorite mother child - unloved in childhood, play (in the second case, the word unloved indicates a permanent feature, meaning approximately the same as “unpleasant”, “undesirable”); movement, not braked air - invisible from the Earth side of the Moon.

Adjectives of this type include: invisible, insane, inflammable, inextinguishable, immovable, indivisible, unforgettable, invisible, unchangeable, unloved, unthinkable, tax-free, inalienable, untranslatable, incommunicable, unknowable, unverifiable, unconjugated, intolerant, etc. Cf. their spelling in the presence of explanatory words: indivisible for three number unforgettable meeting for us, through invisible world tears, unthinkable recent records, non-transferable in simple terms feelings unverifiable for a long time accounts, impassable mud in the spring indeclinable nouns in Russian intolerable behavior in our society, etc.

On our planet, along with modern, technologically and industrially developed megacities, there are many places created by ancient masters or by nature itself.

Each such attraction has its own legend and, of course, a lot of things are silent. Mysterious places cause a huge number of questions among scientists, confuse anomalous phenomena and unknown.

1. Devil's Tower, USA

The so-called Devil's Tower is actually a natural rock of surprisingly regular shape and consists of columns with sharp corners. This is a truly mysterious place, which, according to research, is already more than 200 million years old, located in the United States, on the territory of the modern state of Wyoming.


In size, the Devil's Tower is several times larger than the Cheops pyramid and from the outside it resembles a man-made structure. Due to its unrealistic size and unnaturally regular configuration, the rock has become the object of attention of many scientists, and local residents claim that Satan himself built it.


2. Mounds of Cahokia, USA

Cahokia or Cahokia is an abandoned Indian city, the ruins of which are located near Illinois, USA. This place reminds of how ancient civilizations lived, and its complex structure proves that this area was inhabited by a highly developed people 1500 years ago. The ancient city impresses with its scale, on its territory a network of terraces and 30-meter earth mounds, as well as a huge solar calendar, have been preserved.


It is still unknown why almost 40,000 people left their settlement, and which Indian tribes are direct descendants of the Cahokians. Despite this, the mounds of Cahokia are a favorite place for many tourists who come here in the hope of unraveling the mystery of the ancient city.


3. Chavinda, Mexico

This mystical place, according to the beliefs of the natives, is the center of the intersection of the real and otherworldly worlds. That is why incredible things happen here that are difficult to understand for a modern person.


Chavinda is of interest to many treasure hunters, because according to legend, this area hides unprecedented riches. Unfortunately, no one has yet been able to find the treasure. Unfortunate treasure hunters often attribute their failures to otherworldly forces.


4. Newgrange, Ireland

Newgrange is the oldest building on the territory of modern Ireland, it is already about 5 thousand years old. It is believed that this long corridor with a transverse room is a grave, but scientists have not yet been able to determine for whom.


It is still unknown how ancient people were able to build such a perfect structure, which for five millennia was not only lucky enough to survive, retaining its primitive appearance, but also to remain completely waterproof.


5. Pyramids of Yonaguni, Japan

Mysterious underwater pyramids near the western Japanese island Yonaguni cause a lot of controversy among modern archaeologists and surveyors. Main question- whether the structures are a natural phenomenon, or whether they were created by the hand of an ancient person.


In the course of numerous studies, it was possible to establish that the age of the Yonaguni pyramids is more than 10 thousand years. Therefore, if the Yonaguna monuments created mysterious civilizations unknown to us, then the history of mankind should be rewritten.

Mysterious civilization. Underwater cities of Yonaguni

6. Geoglyphs of Nazca, Peru

The Nazca geoglyphs in Peru are one of the most mysterious places on the planet. They were discovered in the middle of the last century and are still being actively discussed by scientists who cannot unequivocally say what ancient people wanted to express with these giant drawings of animals and for what purpose they were used?


Unfortunately, it is no longer possible to ask the creators, but scientists offer 2 main versions: some, leaning towards the cosmic theory of the origin of geoglyphs, believe that they are landmarks for alien ships, others argue that they are giant lunar calendars. In any case, the Nazca rock paintings are evidence of the existence of an ancient and mysterious civilization on the territory of modern Peru, which lived here long before the famous Incas and was distinguished high level development.


7. Black Bamboo Hollow, China

The hollow of black bamboo or Heizhu is perhaps the most terrible place on Earth. The locals called it the Valley of Death, and for any money they do not even want to come close to it. One memory of the hollow brings great horror to them.


They say that children and pets disappear without a trace here, which is quite a lot. documentary evidence. Scientists have been interested in the hollow of black bamboo for more than a decade, who managed to prove that the valley in the Chinese province of Sichuan is an anomalous area with a difficult climate and dramatically changing weather conditions, which together provokes soil subsidence, which, according to scientists, are the reasons for the disappearance of people.


8. Path of the Giants, Ireland

Path of the Giants, or the Road of the Giants in Northern Ireland- an amazing coastal area, formed many centuries ago as a result of a volcanic eruption. It consists of about 40 thousand basalt columns that look like giant steps.


Natural landmark belongs to the number of objects world heritage UNESCO. This place deserves admiration, so it is visited annually by more than one thousand tourists from all over the world.


9. Goseck circle, Germany

The Goseck Circle is an ancient Neolithic structure in the German district of Burgenlandkreis. The circle was accidentally discovered in the early 90s of the last century while surveying the area from an airplane.


The original appearance of the building was returned only after a complete reconstruction. Scholars have little doubt that the Goseck Circle was used for astronomical observations and calendaring. This proves that our ancestors also studied space bodies, their movement and kept track of time.


10. Moai Monuments on Easter Island

Easter Island is world-famous for its giant Moai statues scattered throughout its territory. Each such megalithic figure is a large monument created by the masters of an ancient civilization in the crater of the local volcano Rano Raraku.


In total, about 1000 remains of such man-made monuments were found on the island. Most have already gone under water.


Today, the vast majority of the statues are again placed on platforms facing the ocean, from where they continue to meet the guests of the island and remind of their former power. ancient people that inhabited these spaces.

Easter Island - Moai Message

11 Georgia Guidestones, USA

The Georgia Guidestones are 20 tons of polished granite slabs inscribed in eight of the world's most famous languages. The inscriptions are commandments for future generations on how to rebuild civilization after a global cataclysm. The monument was installed in 1979, the customer is listed in the documents under the name Robert C. Christian.


The height of the monumental structure is a little over six meters, and the slabs are oriented towards the four sides of the world and have holes. In one of them you can see the North Star at any time of the year, in the second - the Sun during the solstice and equinox. A few years ago, the monument was vandalized and damaged by paint, which has not yet been removed.


12. Richat (Eye of the Sahara). Mauritania

On the territory of modern Mauritania, the largest desert in the world hides an amazing a natural phenomenon the Proterozoic period, whose name is Richat or the Eye of the Sahara.


This object has an incredibly huge size (up to 50 kilometers in diameter), so it can be seen even from space. The structure has several ellipsoidal rings formed by sedimentary rocks and sandstones about 500 million years ago.


13. "Gate to Hell" - Darvaza crater in Turkmenistan

The Darvaza gas crater is located in the Turkmen Karakum desert. appearance reminiscent of a gate to hell. This fire pit, about 60 meters in diameter and up to 20 meters deep, is the result of excavations carried out here during the Soviet Union.


During such geological studies, a group of scientists discovered an underground cavern with natural gas which almost led to death huge amount of people. Therefore, the management decided to set fire to the gas so that it would not threaten local residents. But the fire, which was supposed to burn no more than 5 days, is still burning, instilling fear in everyone who comes close to it.


Courageous people are ready to take a selfie at the "Gate of Hell"

14. Arkaim, Russia

Arkaim is an ancient settlement reminiscent of ancient civilizations, which was discovered several decades ago in the vicinity of Chelyabinsk. It is believed that this landmark of Russia is the birthplace of the ancient Aryans, who gave rise to European, Persian and Indian civilizations.


Arkaim is not only a unique architectural monument with a thousand-year history, but also a place of concentration of healing energy flows able to save a person from any disease.


15. Stonehenge, England

English Stonehenge is a real place of pilgrimage for tourists from all over the world. It attracts with its mystery, legends and mystical beginning. Stonehenge is a megalithic structure up to a hundred meters in diameter, which is located on the Salisbury Plain. Territory of mysteries. stonehenge

16. Loch Ness, Scotland

Loch Ness in Scotland is one of the deepest lakes on the European continent. It hides many mysteries. Eyewitnesses claim that a prehistoric animal named Nessie lives in the lake, resembling a plesiosaur (a type of dinosaur that died out about 65 million years ago).


To date, scientists have been unable to obtain evidence for the existence of loch ness monster, but his photographs taken by Nessie hunters periodically appear in the press.


Photomontage or not? Experts are involved in clarifying such issues.


17. Bermuda Triangle, Atlantic Ocean

Mystery bermuda triangle- this is the mystery of tragically cut short under unclear circumstances human lives. It is located in the northwestern part Atlantic Ocean, between Miami, Bermuda and Puerto Rico.


Modern history has about a hundred mystical disappearances of people, aircraft and even ships in this anomalous zone. Equipment fails here from time to time. aircrafts simply disappear from radar in clear, calm weather, and ships go astray. At the same time, it is not possible to find any evidence of the collapse of the latter: neither the wreckage nor the sunken parts of the ships.


18. Egyptian pyramids, Giza Valley, Egypt

One of the 7 wonders of the world, the Egyptian pyramids are majestic and mysterious structures with a thousand-year history. Currently, it is one of the main attractions of the world, which millions of tourists wish to see. The secret of the construction of the pyramids, as well as their history, purpose and durability is the subject of controversy for more than a dozen scientists.


There have always been discussions around the existence of the pyramids, based on real facts, and on myths with legends. One thing is clear for sure, the pyramids in Giza are proof of the greatness and power of the empire of the pharaohs, which existed for more than one hundred years and left a significant imprint on the entire history of mankind.