Oymyakon heated up the air. Incredible facts about the Pole of Cold Oymyakon. The coldest city on the planet. Oymyakon

Coordinates Head of Administration

Rosalia Petrovna Kondakova

Center height Climate type Population Timezone Telephone code Postcode car code OKATO code

Oymyakon is best known as one of the "Cold Poles" on the planet, according to a number of parameters, the Oymyakon Valley is the most severe place on Earth, where the permanent population lives.

The lowest temperature on Earth (-89.2 °C) was noted at the Vostok Antarctic station, however, the station is located at an altitude of 3488 m above sea level, and if we bring both temperature indicators to sea level, then Oymyakon will be recognized as the absolute champion . According to unofficial data, on the night of January 5-6, 1916, the temperature in the village dropped to -82 Celsius, which is only 7.2 higher than the absolute minimum on the planet, which was recorded 67.5 years later, on 21.07. 1983 at the Soviet polar station "Vostok". Then the absolute minimum at the same station was -88.3, that is, in Oymyakon it was only 6.3 higher. The average annual temperature in Oymyakon is -22.1 Celsius, these are the coldest averages in the Northern Hemisphere of the Earth. For comparison, the average annual temperatures at Vostok station are -55.6 C, since the climate there is less sharply continental (due to the polar night), and the altitude is 3488 meters above sea level, which is 2747 meters higher than in Oymyakon. Even in the two most predominant warm months in the year-June and July, the temperature in the village can drop to -9.7 and -9.3 degrees, respectively. The absolute maximum in Oymyakon is 34.6 C. Among the 11 minimums on Earth from -65 degrees to the minimum, Oymyakon ranks third and fourth. Below is a list of these temperatures.

1) -89.6 station "Vostok", Antarctica

2) -88.3 station "Vostok", Antarctica

3) -82.8 Verkhoyansk, Russia

4) -82.0 Oymyakon, Russia

5) -77.8 Oymyakon, Russia

6) -71.2 Tomtor, Russia

7) -69.8 Verkhoyansk, Russia

8) -69.6 Oymyakon, Russia

9) -67.8 Verkhoyansk, Russia

10) -67.7 Oymyakon, Russia

11) -67.6 Oymyakon, Russia

12) -65.4 Verkhoyansk, Russia

13) -65.0 Delyankir, Yakutsk (both in Russia).

Climate of Oymyakon (data from 1943)
Index	Jan.	Feb.	March	Apr.	May	June	July	Aug.	Sen.	Oct.	Nov.	Dec.	Year
The absolute maximum

Oymyakon is the famous Pole of Cold. Considered the most cold spot Northern Hemisphere and the coldest inhabited area on Earth.

Translated from the Yakut, Oymyakon means “mad cold”.

Oymyakon in Yakutia is called the whole region, which includes several settlements including the village of the same name. Currently, a little more than 500 people live in the village of Oymyakon. Despite its remoteness, there is life in the city, though it’s not easy to live in such conditions, and people are slowly dispersing in all directions ...

Life at the Pole of Cold.

Temperature

Officially registered minimum temperature-69.6 ° C, but there are other, not official data. So, in 1938, the temperature was -77.8 degrees, but these values \u200b\u200bare not included in the official chronicles.

In summer, the temperature stays around 10-15 degrees, but even here there are records. On July 28, 2010, a heat record was recorded in the village of Oymyakon - the air warmed up to +34.6 °C.

There is snow in Oymyakon from 213 to 229 days a year. The temperature difference between summer and winter reaches 104 °C Oymyakon occupies one of the first places in the world according to this indicator!

Life in the cold

Civilization in Oymyakon: there is internet and cellular, and the airport, which was created during the Second World War. There are a school, a hospital, a club, a kindergarten, a music school, a library, a bakery, a gas station, a gym and shops.

The average salary here, of course, is not small, higher than even the average for Moscow, but prices are 5-10 times higher than in other regions, and life in Oymyakon is a real test.

Work on "fresh air".

main fear- problems with energy, because if there is no energy for at least a week, then the entire infrastructure in the village will simply freeze and it will have to be changed.

Cars are parked in heated garages; the engine is warmed up for 10–15 minutes before leaving. If there is no garage, then the engine is not turned off, but, as they say in Yakutia, they rumble. Additional stoves are installed in the cabs of the vehicles, arctic diesel fuel is used (diesel oil is mixed with kerosene).

Yakut truckers do not turn off their engines for months.

Gas station on the road to Oymyakon.

In Oymyakon, the most ordinary objects and things acquire a very unusual shapes. For example, the police here never carry batons - in the cold they harden and burst on impact, like glass. Fish taken out of the water in the cold turns glassy in five minutes. Linens also need to be dried very carefully. In a couple of minutes in the cold, it becomes a stake, and after two hours, things already need to be brought back. If you do this carelessly, then the pillowcase or duvet cover can break in half.

There is a special attitude towards clothes: beautiful or ugly - it doesn’t matter, the main thing is to be warm. A real Oymyakon wears high fur boots made of camus, the skin of the lower part of the reindeer leg. The length of the fur coat must reach the boots. Otherwise, you can freeze your knees and lower leg. On the head is a fur hat made of arctic fox, mink or fox. You can't go out without a scarf. In severe frost, you can breathe on the street only through a scarf. Thus, at least some amount of warm air enters the lungs.

A woman sells a live hare and frozen fish in the market.

Children

Children in Oymyakon are not the same as on big earth. From childhood, they are ready for frost and harsh Yakut weather. When it's cold outside, no heating helps.

Small children are dressed according to the principle of cabbage, leaving only their eyes open, you can only walk on a sled, since the baby is unlikely to be able to walk independently in such uniforms.

Schoolchildren sit in the classroom in coats and warm gel pens, which, in theory, do not freeze in the cold ...

Training in primary school canceled at -52 °C, and at -56 °C the whole school is not studying.

Animals

Despite the fact that the temperature here is extremely low, people first settled here precisely because they found food for livestock here. Mostly small tundra horses graze here, which even in winter perfectly find food for themselves, digging grass from under the snow.

A cow can only be let out of a warm barn at -30 ° C, putting on a special bra on the udder so that it does not freeze. Previously, in these parts there were “burenki” of the Yakut breed, in which the udder was covered with wool, and they did not suffer so much from the cold. But this breed has practically disappeared - in Soviet time she was stopped breeding due to low milk yields.

Also, near Oymyakon, there used to be a large livestock farm and a farm where silver fox was bred. Her fur was the best. Probably not in vain they say that the stronger the frost, the better the fur. Now both the complex and the farm are closed.

Winter on the street, of all domestic animals, only dogs, horses and, of course, reindeer… There are also cats here. True, cats are not allowed out of the house in frost, because. they freeze immediately.

Livestock.

Nature and attractions

Beautiful in Oymyakon unique nature: there are streams that do not freeze in 50-degree frost, and ice that does not melt in 30-degree heat.

Natural landscapes of Oymyakon.

IN Lately tourism is highly developed. foreigners come and Russian travelers from all over the country.

Among the local attractions- museums, Gulag camps, full of secrets and legends Moltanskaya rock and Lake Labynkyr and, of course, the bitter frost itself.

Held annually in the spring festival "Oymyakon - Pole of Cold", which attracts Santas from all over the world.

How to get there

Despite its location, regular excursions and tours are held here, and this is the only way to get to this region. It’s better not to risk it yourself, it’s too dangerous, except in the summer you can try to go on your own. A trip to Oymyakon in winter can be easily compared to a flight to Mars.

20 January, 2016

Incredible Facts

Welcome to Oymyakon - the coldest village on Earth, where average temperature in January it is -50 C, and the eyelashes of the locals freeze as soon as they go outside.

Oymyakon is best known as one of the "Cold Poles" on Earth.

If we take into account some parameters, then we can say that the Oymyakon Valley is the most severe settlement on Earth.

Temperature in Oymyakon

Winter 2017-2018 turned out to be so severe that the new electronic thermometer broke as soon as it registered - 62 degrees Celsius.

The official weather station at the Pole of Cold recorded -59 degrees, but locals say that according to their thermometers, the temperature dropped to -67 C, which is 1 degree higher allowable temperature for a place with a permanent population.

A digital thermometer in Oymyakon was installed in 2017 to help attract tourists, but a record low temperature caused it to fail.

Oymyakon on the map

1. Today, about 500 people live in the village. In the 1920s and 1930s, reindeer herders stopped here so that their herd could drink water from thermal spring. Hence the name of the village, which is translated as "water that does not freeze."

2. In 1933, a temperature of -67.7 C was recorded, which is still the lowest temperature in the northern hemisphere. Below the temperature dropped only in Antarctica, but there is no permanent population.

3. Daily problems that locals face include the following: freezing paste in the pen, freezing glasses that then stick to the face, and fast draining of batteries and accumulators.

4. It is said that the locals do not even turn off their cars, as it will be impossible to bring them in. Truckers do work for several months without turning off the engine. However, sometimes even this does not save, because after a 4-hour parking, the car simply freezes, and its wheels become stone.

5. Average duration life in this village is 55 years old, and most of all the residents are afraid of the funeral. The fact is that the dead are very difficult to bury due to the fact that the earth is as hard as stone. To soften it, they first kindle a fire, after which the hot coals are pushed aside and a small hole is dug. This process is repeated for several days until a hole is deep enough for the coffin.

6. To get to Oymyakon from Moscow, you need to fly to Yakutsk for 6 hours, then drive another 1,000 km along a snowy highway. But in the summer you can try to fly to the village by plane, but you will have to land at your own peril and risk, since the airport is old, there is an abandoned kindergarten nearby, and all this is surrounded by a large unplowed field, on which planes land.

Oymyakon - the pole of cold

7. Children are wrapped up here so that they are not able to move independently. Here is one example:

* First they put on warm underwear, and woolen pants on top, after which they pull on wadded, thicker pants.

* Knitted socks and felt boots must be worn on the legs.

* After this, the child is wrapped in a fur coat, first one hat is put on the head, and another hat is put on top.

* Bunny mittens are put on the child’s hands, and his face is very tightly tied with a scarf so that only eyebrows and eyes remain visible.

* A fur coat is put on the stove, which is then laid on a sled, the child is carried out in their arms, put on a sled and taken to a kindergarten.

8. In winter, it is very dreary here, since the day lasts only 4 hours, while people still stay in their homes and warm themselves by the stove.

9. You can go to school until the temperature drops to -60 degrees. At the same time, schoolchildren sit in a coat, and all together warm pens with their breath so that they can write with them.

10. All local clothes are made from natural fur, since everything artificial just breaks in the cold. High boots are put on the legs, which are made from the skin of the lower part of the deer leg. It is better that the fur coat reaches the shoes, because if it is shorter, then you can seriously freeze your lower leg and knees. Only a hat made of mink, fox or fox is put on the head.

Oymyakon, Russia

11. The most favorite holiday of all local residents is the holiday of the North. Specially on this day, three very important and long-awaited guests come to Oymyakon at once - Santa Claus from Veliky Ustyug, Santa Claus straight from Lapland, as well as the Yakut Santa Claus Chiskhan, who is considered the keeper of the cold.

12. All foreigners are shocked by what they see. Many do not know what felt boots are, and to help them, the locals hang signs "right" and "left" on each felt boot.

13. Women here, like all women in the world, want to look good. Therefore, even at a temperature of -60 C, some wear stockings, walk in stilettos and in a short skirt. In this case, of course, a very long fur coat is put on top.

14. Residents do not need refrigerators, as local residents simply keep fresh-frozen fish, butter, meat and berries on the veranda of their house.

15. All villagers know about the rules of living in a very low temperatures Oh. One of them says that a person is able to withstand low temperatures if he is not afraid of them, or rather, is not afraid to freeze. According to scientists, a panic fear of freezing speeds up the process of freezing, and if a person has given himself a clear setting “I’m not cold!”, then such psychological technique significantly increases the survival time in the cold.

Hello, readers of our site "I and the World"! Today we are going with you on a journey to the cold, icy distances, the coldest place in Russia: Oymyakon is a village in the Republic of Sakha-Yakutia.

Here is a place on the planet where the thermometer falls below the record cold. In 1938, a temperature of -77.8 degrees was recorded in these places. So try not to complain about the cold this winter, we are not at the Pole of Cold!

Before the maximum low temperatures were set in Oymyakon, Verkhoyansk was considered the "Pole of Cold". And if one of the geologists did not begin to explore weather in a village, then Verkhoyansk would remain the coldest on the planet.

If you look at the map, the village is located to the left of the Indigirka River, in the eastern part of the republic.

The distance from Oymyakon to the city of Yakutsk, the capital of the region, is two days' drive. Imagine how long it will take ambulance? Therefore, the village has a small airport.

Why Oymyakon is considered the coldest place on the planet. The village is hidden in the earth's hollow, and mountains rise around it, so that it is like in a ditch. Therefore, the cold here lingers for a long time, and the air heats up very slowly.

The local population is so accustomed to the cold that -50 degrees is considered a pleasant warming. If we compare the weather here and at the northernmost point of the Arctic Ocean, on Rudolf Island, then in Oymyakon it is 10 times colder. Moreover, permafrost reigns on the island.

By the way, the name of the village is translated as “non-freezing water”. Most likely, in honor of the hot spring, beating from the ground nearby. And the water heats the air around so much that in summer the temperature rises to +35 degrees.

There are few civilized amenities: the houses are heated by wood and coal, probably no pipes can withstand such cold weather. Even to the toilets you have to go through the yard.

It's funny, but some travel companies are trying to lure tourists here so that they try to live for several days in such "inhuman" conditions. It is clear that the queue does not line up for those who want it, and mainly journalists and scientists come here.
Civilization here is in the form of a Wi-Fi network, but there is no mobile connection at all.

Every day, in the cold here, the ink in the pens freezes, and the batteries die. Sometimes local residents who have cars leave them running, otherwise they simply won’t be able to start them later. And although this is the coldest settlement in Russia, there are enough people here. They are very friendly and always welcome guests.

There is only one small shop in the village - a dilapidated, wood-heated building. Buses do not run, so parents carry children to school in their cars or on sleds, it is difficult for the kids to move around themselves - they are so wrapped up in clothes.
A sunny day here depends on the season: in summer it lasts 21 hours, and in winter only 3 hours. Because in warm time of the year, the length of the day is increased by the beautiful white nights. And the difference in temperature differences is also large - minus 67-70 in winter, and 30-35 in summer.

The local flora and fauna are also amazing. Rather, there is nothing to be surprised here - practically nothing grows, and there are very few animals in the forests. There is no production here, so the locals breed and herd deer, fish and hunt in the forests. Only professionals in their field hunt, they know the exact places with game, otherwise you can freeze to death.

The inhabitants are engaged in breeding not only deer, but also cute undersized horses with very long hair up to 15 cm in length. Therefore, horses perfectly tolerate the most terrible cold, the main thing is to feed them well.

So, friends, you have found out which place on the planet is the coldest. Many people have now left here, where they constantly have to fight for survival. The most persistent remained, and those who are already used to it.

Get together and test your endurance and frost resistance, go boldly - spring is coming soon and warming is coming. Today and in the next couple of days the temperature will stay below -30, but in a couple of weeks it will rise to +18.