We heat the apartment ourselves. How to make individual heating in the apartment. The concept of individual heating

Instead of a preface

September was always the worst month for me, the nights were already getting cold, it was starting to rain, the temperature in the apartment fluctuated around 20 degrees, or even less, but the heating was always turned on in early October. Until they had to hold out. How?

I took out my faithful home “fur coat” from the closet - a bathrobe, put on woolen socks and bought packs of green tea. All this arsenal helped to somehow warm up until October. Especially this article will be appreciated by hypotensive patients, and in general by people with problematic vessels, who even in the heat have cold feet and hands.

A few years ago I decided to improve my living conditions and bought an apartment in a new building. But I became the owner of not a simple apartment, but with individual heating, or in a simple way - with a boiler.

Today there are more and more such projects. Not only townhouses are equipped with boilers, but also ordinary low- and mid-rise apartment buildings. In my house, by the way, 9 floors. In Moscow, all new buildings with central heating, but in New Moscow and, especially in the Moscow region, there are projects with individual heating: LCD "May", LCD "Pavlovsky Quarter" (OPIN), LCD "ZaMitino", LCD "Novogorsk Park", etc. .

So, if you live in an apartment with central heating, but are looking for an apartment (or townhouse) with a boiler, you need to know a few things about it. I will say right away that in this text there will be no praises for the boiler, because this type of heating is not suitable for everyone. But, if it does, then it will be impossible to get away from the boiler.

Advantages of an apartment with a boiler

I have a German Buderus boiler installed in my apartment. There are other common brands: Viessmann, Baxi, Bosch, Vaillant, Navien. There are also domestic brands - Rostovgazapparat, Lemax, ATON. As the owner of an apartment with a boiler, I now “sit” on several specialized forums where we all share useful information, pros and cons.

First, about the good, about the benefits. I have only 3 meters in my apartment: for cold water, for gas and for electricity. All. I don't pay for central heating or hot water. That is why I am not afraid of planned and emergency shutdowns hot water. Operation "basin" is a thing of the past.

I am no longer afraid of September, when the apartment becomes uncomfortable, cold and I have to walk in three pants, socks and a bathrobe to stop chattering my teeth. I can set the thermostat to the temperature I want, whenever I want, and heat the apartment. When the thermostat fixes the set temperature, the boiler turns off by itself. And it turns on again when the thermostat "understands" that the apartment has cooled down.

But the main advantage of the boiler is, of course, savings. In the very first month after the move, I could not believe my eyes when I calculated how much gas I spent - I had to pay 400 rubles for April. This, along with heating water and taking into account cooking (and I often use an oven, which is also gas). In an old apartment (an ordinary panel house) in winter, I had to pay 2500-2800 only for central heating. Yes, the batteries were hot, and the apartment was always around 27-28 degrees (the guests said “well, you have Africa!”), But isn’t it preferable to make 25 degrees and pay less?

Isn't it great that the batteries can be turned off when it's a warm day? In a word, in a new apartment with a footage of 70 square meters. meters, I pay 350-400 rubles for gas per month in the spring, while in the former apartment of 50 square meters. meters almost 3 thousand rubles. Of course, even a cold spring is not a winter with 30-degree frosts, so I “tortured” the craftsmen who did the repairs for me - did they freeze in this harsh winter? Was the boiler working well? According to reviews, it was normal, they worked in T-shirts, no one died.

A big plus of apartments with boilers is that according to the project, the owner of the apartment can make himself not an electric, but a water floor. The heat-insulated floor is as batteries only horizontal. My friends who live in the townhouse did just that. According to them, the air in the premises warms up so quickly that a warm floor can easily replace batteries. I can only dream about it, because. i got an apartment with a screed, in which pipes were already laid (beam wiring), but, for example, the central part of the hallway turned out to be with this very warm floor, because. there are pipes to the radiators in the nursery and to the heated towel rail in the bathroom.

The consumption of cold water, of course, is more, but not by much. If in my previous apartment it took me 3-4 cubic meters of cold water and 2-3 hot ones (for two), then in this apartment I get 8-9 cubic meters of cold water per month.

Speaking of cold water. Recently a cold water pipe burst a block away. And that's all - there was no water in the taps, and the repair of the pipe took almost 6 hours (well, the day turned out to be warm). But this problem is also true for houses with central heating, where, when repairing pipes in the yards, absolutely everything is blocked: both water in taps and batteries.

A big plus: heating in an apartment with a boiler does not depend on accidents - the water in the system (in batteries) is hermetic (watch the pressure in the system - it should ideally be 1.5 bar), so even if a pipe breaks in the yard - you have apartment, the water will spin in the batteries, passing through the boiler and heating up there, i.e. the apartment will be warm whenever you want.

But, yes, here I smoothly move on to the minuses of individual heating. Minus the second - if you live in an old area, there is a high probability that communications are outdated, which means that electricity can “jump”, unfortunately, boilers are dependent on power surges. Therefore, you will have to buy and additionally install a voltage stabilizer (in Leroy Merlin from 5 thousand rubles).

As for the fears that the boilers “eat” a lot of electricity, then you should not be afraid, on average, the boiler consumes 120 watts, i.e. like one light bulb (“washer” or slow cooker eat much more). But as for hard water, then you should be wary. Advertising about washing machines, where the heating element, which can become scaled and fail, is also relevant for boilers.

Craftsmen write on the forums amazing stories about how to clean the heating element of the boiler citric acid and other sentimental posts on how to get rid of scale. I do not advise you to engage in "self-treatment", I have concluded an agreement with a service company (accredited at Gazprom), whose employees come and service the boiler once a year. It includes descaling, dust removal and diagnostics of "electronics". The issue price is 2-2.5 thousand rubles. There are many companies that service gas equipment, you can find it cheaper.

You can also just install a filter and change it after a while - depending on how hard the water is in your area. Our developer did it easier - he installed a water treatment plant for all 200 apartments under the house. As soon as the house was 60-70% occupied, it was launched. But, as you understand, maintenance once a year does not cancel this. Dust, which accumulates a lot during repairs in the boiler, is just as harmful to it as scale on the heating element (tubular electric heater).

Some brands of boilers can work quite noisily - this is another minus. For example, my Buderus works quietly, but my acquaintances have a Baxi boiler, and although they have already got used to it for 3 years of living with it, they do not deny that the boiler makes noise from time to time (when you have to heat both water and batteries, i.e. work at full capacity). When I asked them - how noisy is the boiler? They answered that it was a little stronger than a refrigerator. So 1 bedroom apartment large area with a boiler for an elderly person, especially if he is sensitive to noise, may not be the best option for living.

Well, the last disadvantage of boilers is that it is difficult to “hide” it when buying a kitchen. This, in my opinion, is both fair and wrong. In the process of selecting a kitchen set, I turned to 4 companies. Two of them drew beautiful kitchens for me, but the functionality of the boiler was ignored. I mean that when a specialist from a service company or just a gasman comes to you with a routine check - he should easily gain access to the boiler. Therefore, various doors and cabinets must be opened or quickly removed so that a person does not have to diagnose the boiler in a half-bent form.

Keep in mind that gas workers can also be fined if you "brick up" the boiler, because "but it's so beautiful." Unfortunately, aesthetics take a backseat here. In addition, if due to a beautiful, but incorrect design, the boiler fails in winter, I'm afraid that beauty in a 20-degree frost will not warm you.

However, today the market for kitchen design is diverse, and hiding the boiler so that it is always accessible is easy enough. The cheapest and most minimalistic way, in my opinion, is an ordinary roller blind (pull the string, the boiler will open), however, there is a nuance: it is advisable not to install anything butt-to-butt to the boiler, and also not to attach at the top.

So, let's sum up.

Boiler advantages:

Hot water outages are not terrible;

You can turn on the batteries and heat the apartment at any time;

You can heat your home by setting an individual (convenient) temperature;

The ability to make a warm water floor;

Savings, significant monetary savings;

Now the cons:

Dependence of the boiler on power surges, due to which the electronics may fail and repairs will be required;

Water hardness can damage the heating element, and it will have to be changed;

Some brands of boilers are quite noisy;

- you need to “hide” the boiler in the kitchen set so that it has easy access on demand.

Now a few numbers - we have a text about personal experience. Now, in the spring, I spend no more than 10 cubic meters of gas per day (take at least the recently ended April), because. I heat the apartment before going to bed and in the morning, after I air it out. On warm days, when heating is not required at all, 1-2 cubic meters of gas per day are consumed. The price of one cubic meter of gas is 4.7 rubles - consider for yourself (in September 2018, a cubic meter of gas costs already 5.3 rubles - approx. Novostroy-M).

A cube of cold water costs a little more than 20 rubles, if it takes 8-10 cubic meters per month, then we get 200 rubles with kopecks. Boiler maintenance is carried out once a year and costs, as I wrote above, 2-2.5 thousand rubles, that is, as much as I paid per month for central heating.

Of course, in modern new buildings, there are heat meters at the entrance to the apartment. However, here it’s like with ODN for electricity - no matter how much electricity is “burned”, the rest of the common house will be scattered over all the apartments, and you will have to pay. With the boiler, everything is strict - how much gas they used up, they paid for that much.

This text should not be taken as propaganda “buy apartments with individual heating!” Even I couldn't live in a small apartment with a noisy boiler. But the very fact that modern market new building offers an alternative to central heating - very pleased. Tomorrow, here again they promise no higher than +4 degrees, I'll go hug my boiler.

Publication date May 10, 2017

A private house with an individual heating boiler is a completely common phenomenon. Considering the rising cost utilities and the quality of heat supplied centrally, residents of apartment buildings also began to seriously think about installing independent heating in the apartment. Implementing this idea is more difficult than equipping a detached cottage with a heating system, but still it is quite possible. Read on and we will tell you more about how to do it.

Possible problems you will encounter

With a private house, everything is relatively simple. Here you can put a gas, solid fuel, liquid fuel or electric boiler, make a water heated floor, organize a solar heating collector on the roof, install solar panels, use one of the types heat pump, make a combination of these methods and even build a separate building for the boiler room.

IN apartment building most of these methods are not possible because:

• it may harm the interests of other tenants;
• not every project can be carried out in an apartment from a technical or practical point of view;
• there are many legislative restrictions, etc.

For example, it does not make sense to install in an apartment, since fuel storage will require significant space, and usually the ceiling is not designed for such an increase in weight. Of course, storage a large number flammable liquids in such a situation can be dangerous. It is forbidden to install in apartment buildings, only it is allowed.

Sometimes, with the transition to individual heating, problems arise not of a technical, but of a legal nature. In some regions, the refusal of district heating may be prohibited by legislation. In such a situation, one should start not with the design of technical documentation, but with the advice of a lawyer. The apartment owner may have to seek court permission to disconnect from the central heating system, as well as obtain permission to install individual heating equipment.

Most often, apartments use two options for autonomous heating: gas or electric. In the first case, the installation is considered the best choice. Electricity is used to heat the coolant not only directly, but also indirectly, for example, for work. Whatever the choice, you will have to take into account the need to first dismantle the old heating system, since it is far from always possible to use the old pipes and radiators.

An interesting option for switching to electric individual heating is presented in the following video:

Option #1 - gas heating (column)

For an apartment, a modern double-circuit gas boiler is perfect, equipped with a closed combustion chamber, electronic ignition and equipped with a programmable thermostat. This configuration will allow you to support in the system optimal temperature for different times of the day. Owners of a spacious apartment are advised to get a storage boiler, this will allow you to stock up on a large enough amount of hot water so that you can wash dishes and take a shower at the same time.

The diagram shows the device of a double-circuit gas boiler, which is optimally suited for the installation of autonomous heating in an ordinary apartment

Advantages and disadvantages of this option

The degree of automation of modern gas boilers is quite high; after installation and configuration, the equipment can work completely autonomously. Security systems reduce the risk of gas leakage and other unpleasant consequences to a minimum. For small apartments, you can always choose a compact boiler model that does not take up much space. The boiler works silently, it will not disturb either the tenants of the apartment or their neighbors. Prices for such equipment vary in a wide range, which allows you to choose the right option at the best price.

To install a double-circuit gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber on the facade of a building with a coaxial chimney, a special permit may be required.

1. No matter how small the probability of a gas explosion, it still exists.
2. The ventilation system in the room where the gas boiler is installed must meet the highest requirements.
3. The cost of domestic gas for the population is steadily increasing.
4. The ventilation ducts will require periodic cleaning, as they will be clogged with greasy soot - products of combustion of domestic gas.
5. When used through an open window, an unpleasant odor will penetrate into the apartment.

It is also important to note that the installation of a coaxial chimney outlet on the front of the building may require permission from the supervisory authorities.

Features of the gas system device

Installation of heating gas equipment is carried out in four stages:

1. Gas boiler installation.
2. Disconnection and dismantling of the old heating system.
3. Installation of radiators and heating pipes for a new system.
4. Connecting a gas boiler.

To implement the last stage, you should invite a specialist from the gas service, who will monitor compliance with all operating and safety rules.

Since they are practically excluded in an autonomous heating system, pipes and radiators can be selected without increased strength requirements. Most often, apartment owners choose lungs that have increased heat dissipation. Easy-to-install and corrosion-resistant 20 mm polypropylene pipes are perfect for them. For heating and hot water systems, PP pipes reinforced with foil are recommended, which compensates for the high thermal expansion characteristic of polypropylene.

For autonomous heating in an ordinary apartment, light aluminum radiators with good heat dissipation and polypropylene pipes are best suited.

During the installation of radiators and pipes, a number of rules should be followed:

1. Radiators should be connected to the circuit in parallel, not in series.
2. When inserting radiators, you need to use a diagonal pattern (from top to bottom).
3. A thermal head should be installed on the return connection of each radiator.
4. A Mayevsky crane must be placed in the top plug of each radiator.
5. A valve must be installed on the radiator supply.
6. Installation of radiators is carried out strictly according to the level.
7. On the spill, it is required to use clip-fixers that compensate for the thermal expansion of the pipes.
8. Upon completion of the installation of pipes and radiators and before connecting the boiler, it is necessary to carry out pressure testing of the system.

For normal operation autonomous system heating requires a circulation pump, as well as elements of the safety group:

• expansion tank;
• manometer;
• safety valve;
• device for automatic air removal.

Usually modern gas boilers are already equipped with all these necessary elements and are completely ready for operation.

The thermostatic head on the heating radiator will allow you to adjust temperature regime in the room, and the gas boiler control system will maintain the required temperature of the coolant

Option #2 - electric heating

The owner of the apartment has several options for heating with electricity:

• electric boiler;
• warm floor;
• Heat pump.

The first two options can be quite costly during operation, since electricity is constantly becoming more expensive, like other energy carriers. For installation, as with the installation of gas, you will need to remove the old pipes and radiators and install new ones. considered more efficient due to its features. When the heating elements are evenly distributed throughout the floor, and the air in the room is heated from the bottom up, less heat is needed to heat the room than with traditional hot water heating.

The diagram shows the options for connecting an air-to-water heat pump to various types of heating systems: radiators, fan coil, underfloor heating

The most profitable for autonomous heating of an apartment is a heat pump of the “” or “” type. In this case, electricity is used in a relatively small amount to operate equipment that draws from environment thermal energy with low potential and converts it into high potential energy. A heat pump is an environmentally friendly heating method that uses a renewable source of thermal energy. But it is considered effective only in warm climatic zones, i.e. where the air temperature does not drop below -25 degrees.

The cost of air source heat pump equipment can be quite high. Compared to the cost of individual gas heating, a unit of heat obtained from the operation of a heat pump is somewhat more expensive. However, in the long run, such a solution may turn out to be more profitable than a gas boiler. In addition, the air-to-air heat pump can act as an air conditioner in summer. The operation of these devices is based on general principles, which is why a heat pump is sometimes called an air conditioner.

To install an air source heat pump in an apartment, you need to choose the right model. Large duct systems are more suitable for large apartments. In this case, you will have to install a central unit, from which warm air will be distributed through the ducts. In addition, the cost of equipment can be quite high. A multi-split system works in approximately the same way: a common unit is mounted outside, connected by highways to indoor units for each room.

The indoor unit of an air-to-air heat pump is very similar to a split air conditioner unit, since these units work on similar principles.

In a small apartment, it makes sense to install a separate split system for each room. In this case, you do not have to lay a network of air ducts around the apartment. This is very convenient if the final finishing in the apartment has already been completed and a major alteration is not planned in the near future. The amount of heat for each kilowatt-hour of electricity consumed in multi-split systems is 3.5 kW or less. An inventory split system with one external and internal unit can produce up to 5 kW of heat.

In areas with severe winters, some apartment owners use a combined option: in cold weather, they use a gas boiler, and when it gets warmer, they turn on the heat pump. An interesting option may also be a combination of a heat pump and underfloor heating.

To date, all more people prefer to install individual heating in the apartment instead of the general one. Everyone has their own reasons that push them to such a decision. Most often, apartment residents are dissatisfied with the quality of the work of the general heating installation. Therefore, the question of installing individual heating is currently quite acute.

The realities of modern life force many people to install individual heating on their own, because. professional installation of such systems is quite expensive. The individual heating system is considered the most appropriate solution for both apartments and private houses.

Individual heating: choice of boiler, radiators and pipes

Installation of individual heating in an apartment begins with the choice of heating equipment: a boiler, batteries and pipes.

Among the boilers, the first place is occupied by gas units with a closed combustion chamber. The main issue of choice is the presence of a hot water circuit. If there are no interruptions in the supply of hot water in your apartment and the boiler will be used exclusively for heating, then you need to buy a unit without a hot water circuit.
Suitable radiators must be selected. Any radiators, except for cast iron ones, are well suited. You can choose any option from steel, aluminum and copper-aluminum radiators. It all depends on your budget and individual taste preferences.
An individual heating system in an apartment can be created using copper, metal-plastic and polypropylene pipes. Copper heating pipes are the most reliable and durable, but also the most expensive. For a budget option, polypropylene heating pipes are well suited. Metal-plastic products have an average cost.

Individual heating system: installation features

Schematic diagram of an apartment water heating system with pump circulation of the coolant and a heat storage tank: 1 - storage tank; 2 - plug valve; 3 - expansion tank; 4 - main riser; 5 - heat generator; 6 - heater; 7 - circulation pump type TsVTs; 8 - check valve; HH - boiler heating center; 00 - cooling center; MM is the center of the tank; TP - a tee with a stopper.

If heating is considered individual type in a simple apartment, then it can be installed by anyone who has the skills to work with electric tools. Of course, a little ingenuity does not hurt, but in general, no difficulties should arise.
Having familiarized yourself with the intricacies and nuances of this work, you can quickly and without any problems do everything yourself. Even if you can not install the entire system, then at least you will get the opportunity to personally supervise the work process by third-party specialists. The process of installing an individual heating system in an apartment consists of the following steps:

• laying of the main pipeline;
• installation and connection of heating radiators to the highway;
• installation of a heating boiler, with connection to a gas pipe and a heating system.

An apartment with individual heating has many advantages. However, in order for the system to work as it should, it is necessary to choose the correct heating scheme. If there are not many radiators and you are limited in finances, then you can make a single-pipe system, however, temperature control in this case will not be possible. That is why it is better to install a two-pipe heating system.

The most difficult stage of work is the installation of the boiler. Works related to the installation of boiler equipment must be carried out in compliance with all safety measures and knowledge of the matter, therefore, the installation of the boiler must be carried out only by a qualified specialist and after obtaining the appropriate permits.
Installation of individual heating in an apartment is carried out using the following tools:

• 2 gas wrenches for mounting spurs in pipes;
• a set of car keys;
• 1 wrench for connecting heating radiators and installing heating pipe connections;
• drill;
• hammer with a bell.

Individual heating system: installation of appliances

Installation work is best to start with the installation of heating devices. This will help you understand how the individual heating system in the apartment should be arranged.
The most important thing is to correctly calculate the power of the radiators, after which you can buy the required number of devices and proceed with the assembly and installation process.
Each radiator, with the use of which an individual heating system in the apartment will be built, must contain futhor nuts, a plug and a Mayevsky tap. The latter is installed on the right on the upper connections of the installed heating batteries. A stub is placed on the left.
Heating supply and return pipelines are connected to the lower connections.
From below, pipelines must be provided with control and shut-off valves. The shut-off valve is placed on the right, and the regulating valve is on the left.

Actually, there is not much difference in the sides of the installation of taps, it's just that this rule will help you not to get confused when installing taps on other radiators.
The next stage of work is directly heating. Fix the radiator on special brackets under the window opening. It is necessary to maintain the installation level correctly.
This requirement is determined not so much by aesthetics as by the performance of the heating system as a whole.
If the slope of your radiators is directed towards the Mayevsky faucet, you simply will not be able to expel the accumulating air from the system. As a result, radiators will show partial or even complete inoperability.

Individual heating: laying of main pipelines

After the installation of heating batteries, the stage of the installation of the main pipeline follows. The mounting material that is used in the laying process can be varied, of your choice. It is much more important to know the basic principles of this process.
The work can be done according to 2 main methods: closed and open. Closed way provides for a strobe device in the floor and in the lower part of the wall. To install hidden pipelines, it is best to use drywall. If the walls in your apartment are already insulated with plasterboard, you can use the cavity between the wall and the plaster to lay the pipeline.
The same can be done when insulating with mineral wool. All pipes that are hidden in gypsum or in a wall must be additionally insulated with Merilon. This makes it possible to drastically reduce heat loss and leave space for the pipeline, which will be very useful with thermal expansion.
The open version of arranging individual heating is simpler to implement, but be sure to pay attention to the disadvantage that the unaesthetic appearance of the opening communications. If this suits you, then give preference to the open method. Pipelines in this case will be laid directly above the floor and rigidly fixed to the walls with clips.
The individual heating system in the apartment is arranged using main pipes with a diameter of ¾ inches. The connections leading from the tees to the radiators are a pipe with a diameter of ½ inch. No other pipes are needed.

Connecting the heating system and checking for leaks

The final step in the installation of an individual heating system in an apartment is the connection of heating devices to the mains. It is best to connect during the laying of pipelines. The connection must be made immediately after the pipes are pulled to the battery. The mains are connected to radiators using tees, which are placed to the left and right of the heaters. On the right, the tee will be connected to the return pipeline, on the left it will lead to the hot water main.
The individual heating system in the apartment must be checked for leaks. The first option is to immediately fill the heating system with coolant. Do this only if you are completely confident in your work, especially if special anti-freeze compounds are used as a coolant. In the event of a leak, you will lose a lot of coolant and, accordingly, money.
Therefore, it is better to use the simplest and most affordable way to pressurize the heating system - use an air compressor. To do this, it is necessary to screw a tee with a tap and a pressure gauge into the radiator. Connect the compressor and pump up 4 bar. Close the faucet, note the time. If within 1 hour the pressure in the system has not dropped, then everything is tight. If the pressure drops, then you need to look for leaks.
http:

First try to find leaks at the threaded connections, then, if in doubt, check the interconnects of the batteries and pipe joints.
Professionals recommend another simple method. Previously, a soapy solution was used for this, which was quite inconvenient, because. it was necessary to find a suitable container, pour into it warm water, cut the soap, stir, and only then use. Nowadays, everything is much simpler. you can just take any inexpensive dishwashing detergent with a spray bottle and spray suspicious places with it. If there is a leak, you will see many small bubbles. Successful work!

With each new increase in heating tariffs, residents of apartment buildings are thinking about abandoning state heating and are counting how profitable it is to install individual heating in an apartment building.

As long-term practice shows, those who refused centralized heating, having spent once, quickly return the money invested, saving further on utility bills, but there are a number of pros and cons of an apartment with individual heating.

How to convert the heating in the apartment to individual, read the article.

Disconnection from central heating

Is it possible to install individual heating in the apartment? As a rule, in order to switch to individual heating in an apartment building, it is enough to submit an application for refusal of centralized heating, obtain consent for this and submit an application for the installation of individual heating in an apartment to the district branch of the power grid.

Free legal advice:

How much does individual heating cost in an apartment? Sometimes this type of heating is not always cost-effective and the cost of individual heating in an apartment can be even more expensive than conventional heating in an apartment building.

Another thing is a gas boiler, but its arrangement requires compliance with many formalities:

1. You need to submit an application to the gas industry.
2. Obtain a document from the fire department confirming the health of the ventilation and chimney.
3. Enlist written permission from neighbors for individual heating in the apartment. This is important, because when switching to individual heating in an apartment, the refusal of central heating can lead to system failures.
4. You need to find out who is in charge of the pipes and batteries. If they are in the household, then special permission will be required from the neighbors. In the event that they are in the department public services, you will need to apply to them with a request to disconnect.
5. In the city heating network, obtain permission to draw up and approve the scheme before transferring the apartment to individual heating.

Sometimes it happens that the gas industry refuses to install the boiler, since the technical characteristics of the system are not able to create the pressure necessary for it. In this case, you will have to look for alternative sources of heating.

The gas company must provide a technical passport for the boiler and a diagram indicating the place of its installation. Only after the gas boiler chosen for installation is approved and the conditions for its installation are agreed, you can switch to an individual heating system in the apartment.

gas boilers

Individual gas heating in an apartment building requires not only the execution of all papers, but also a careful approach when choosing a boiler that will be entrusted with the task of heating.

Free legal advice:

As a rule, consumers choose a two-circuit unit that will provide the residents of the apartment not only with heat, but also with hot water.

Today they produce wall-mounted small-sized devices with closed combustion chambers. This type of boiler simplifies installation tasks, since they do not require a gas duct, since this function is performed by a fan. It “drives” air from the street, and then also removes combustion waste through special pipes.

The benefits of a two-chamber wall-mounted gas boiler are obvious:

1. It combines both a heating system and a boiler for heating water.
2. Saving fuel significantly reduces heating costs.
3. Equipped with an electronic sensor and thermometers, these boilers can be adjusted and configured to your liking.

If years ago people wondered if it was possible to make individual heating in an apartment, today many consumers simply switch to alternative sources of heating. In the event that the apartment is not located in a harsh climate, it is recommended to connect electric heating in the apartment instead of gas.

Transition to autonomous electric heating

One of the sources of heat, which is both efficient, cost-effective and safe, is a double-circuit electric boiler.

Free legal advice:

Its main advantages are:

• ease of installation;
• environmentally friendly work;
• small dimensions;
• it does not require special ventilation or a chimney;
• it works silently and does not cause unhealthy vibrations;
• durability, ease of maintenance and ease of repair.

To install a double-circuit electric boiler, you will need to do the same work as when installing a gas one to refuse central heating, but it is much easier to obtain permission from an electricity supply company for individual heating in an apartment building than from a gas economy. The same applies to underfloor heating systems.

Find answers to other questions that interest you:

Individual heating in the apartment: what must be observed during the transition?

When the transition to individual heating is carried out in an apartment building, the legislation imposes special requirements on the room where the unit will be installed:

1. The area of ​​the room should be from 4 m2 with a ceiling height of 2.5 m.
2. The size of the door must be at least 80 cm wide and the room must have a natural light source - at least one window.
3. It is impossible to place heaters or a gas stove next to the boiler (of any kind). There must be a distance of at least 30 cm between them.
4. The wall on which the boiler will be installed must be load-bearing.
5. Before fixing the device on the wall, you need to choose the optimal place. It should not be less than one and a half meters from the floor.

If individual heating is carried out in the apartment with your own hands, then you must strictly follow the instructions attached to the unit. With regard to the gas boiler, it is also required that it be connected by gas service workers.

Free legal advice:

Heating in an apartment building according to the law

The cost of centralized heating services is not always justified. For this reason, owners often decide to switch to individual or apartment heating.

What is the difference between these procedures and what does the law say about it?

Central heating

The main reason why most homeowners in an apartment building want to switch to individual heating is the discrepancy between the cost of services and their quality. Of course, each case is unique.

For example, the heating season, on average, begins in mid-October and ends in March-April. But, if in March the walls of the house have time to warm up and the cooling is not felt so clearly, then in October it is quite difficult to wait for heating.

Free legal advice:

The heat carrier is supplied to the CHP plant at a fixed temperature, essentially independent of whether the heat carrier is supplied through a distributor or not. This temperature is also not always enough, although, in fact, the company believes that the heating season is open.

It is also worth noting the state of heating systems. In an old-style multi-storey building, these systems have long been worn out, and salt deposits and rust do not allow maintaining optimal pressure coolant supply, and, as a result, the required heat transfer at the outlet.

It turns out that, according to the company, heating is supplied and the service is provided, payment for it is charged in full, but the client, at the exit, receives a completely different level of heating for which he pays.

The company should not be blamed for this. Natural gas for CHP is supplied at a higher cost than private individuals. In addition, repairs of heating systems and heating mains are required annually.

Boilers are also subject to wear and tear and require repair, especially considering that most of the CHPs were built back in Soviet times. In addition, heat losses on heating mains, where unscrupulous citizens tore off thermal insulation, also affect the level of service quality.

An open entrance in sub-zero temperatures, a radiator leak, a broken elevator assembly valve and many more nuances that are not visible on the surface significantly affect the cost and quality of heating.

Free legal advice:

Individual heating

The law has nothing against you connecting individual heating. But first, a number of technical and legal problems who get in the way.

The main problem of residents who would like to install autonomous boilers is hidden in the arrangement of houses. The central system is a kind of network with common risers, fittings, pipelines and meters. Disabling one cell can lead to the failure of the entire system, and therefore requires it fundamental change. This is from a technical point of view.

From a legal point of view, the heating system in an apartment building is common property, which means that all residents have the right to dispose of it in equal shares. And therefore, the issue of disconnection is decided at a general meeting in an apartment building.

Disconnecting one apartment from the system will reduce the amount of common house property, therefore the issue cannot be resolved only unilaterally. Self-shutdown is not logical, it must be carried out by specialists who will be guided by the appropriate decision.

When is the consent of the neighbors not required?

It also happens that the issue can be resolved without a general house meeting. This happens when the heating system in the house and all its elements are not designated by the documentation as common property. But even this fact does not mean that an independent shutdown will be natural.

Free legal advice:

In this case, it is necessary to obtain permission from the local organization that provides resource supply services, since the conversion will require changes to the house registration certificate.

In its third section, in particular, detailed information about the heating system is listed. Any change and installation is regarded by the law as a technical change, which must be made to the technical passport.

The procedure goes better if all the residents of the house want to connect individual heating.

Required documents

The law states that absolutely any homeowner has the right to individual heating and disconnection from the central heating.

Free legal advice:

To complete the procedure, the owner must provide:

• the conclusion of the engineering company on the technical feasibility of re-equipment;
• written consent of all tenants of the apartment;
• documents certifying the right to own an apartment;
• technical passport of housing;
• free-form application.

The law also requires the submission of a draft as one of the main documents in the package. The project is being developed by water and heat supply engineers.

It is also worth entrusting the project to specialists because independent re-equipment, sooner or later, will be fixed and dismantled with a return to the central heating center, it’s good if this happens before the neighbors are flooded from below due to improper wiring, installation or pipe cutting.

The project is compiled exclusively by specialists who calculate the changes. The calculation determines what impact a future shutdown will have on the operation of the heating system in the house. In addition, specialists carry out thermal-hydraulic calculation and calculation of heat transfer from the riser.

If the calculations show that there is a technical possibility to re-equip the heating, the project can be coordinated. If it turns out that the shutdown will worsen the heating result in the remaining apartments, most likely, the project will not be approved.

Free legal advice:

Possible obstacles

Getting permission for individual heating, as it seems at first, is not difficult, but in practice there are a number of difficulties. The Law "On Heat Supply" (FZ-190) prohibits the transition to individual heating, although it does not prohibit the owner from installing individual heating boilers.

In addition, the document provides a complete list of the technical specifications required for a regular installation.

At the time of obtaining permits, the type of equipment must be taken into account in the project, and if the project technically permits this device, then the authorities usually do not refuse to install.

The technical side of the issue

When permits are obtained, they proceed to technical re-equipment. The law allows only specialists to entrust the dismantling of the old system. The algorithm of work is almost the same as installing boilers for private houses, but a few subtleties should be remembered.

Heating system in the apartment is carried out, often, mini-boiler rooms. The boiler is installed above the radiator, so the unauthorized circulation of water in the heating system is disturbed, and it is specially adjusted using a circulation pump.

Free legal advice:

Some boilers are immediately equipped with pumping elements, as well as a safety group and an expansion tank. This type is more advantageous than a separate pump.

The law also determines the type of boiler that will be used in autonomous heating. Its combustion chamber must be closed, it must be equipped with an automatic shutdown system, the operating water temperature must not exceed 95 degrees, and operating pressure systems - 1 MPa.

The radiator, as practice shows, it is better to use aluminum, as it has good heat dissipation. But you can spend a little more, and pay attention to bimetal radiators, which serve much longer and are not afraid of water hammer.

The wiring is most often performed with plastic pipes.

Apartment heating

In the first case, there is centralized heating, from which the owner intends to abandon and switch to individual heating. In this case, we are not initially talking about centralized heating.

Free legal advice:

This often happens in new buildings, when the house is not connected to the central system, and each apartment has a gas double-circuit boiler.

Apartment heating is beneficial for both the developer and the buyer.

The first saves money on risers and wiring, as well as time for additional documentation. The second receives housing with a choice of heating level and time when it is needed.

But there are also cases when the boiler is not pre-installed, and the commissioning of houses is carried out without solving the heating issue.

When there is no boiler

The law does not prohibit residents of such houses from installing apartment heating in accordance with fire safety requirements and at their own discretion. But a number of problems still occur along the way.

Free legal advice:

A solid fuel boiler is immediately unacceptable. Firstly, there is no place for coal and firewood in the apartment. Secondly, the maintenance of such a boiler is frequent and expensive.

Solar burners are also unacceptable, since the high noise level and capacity, at least for several cubes, are not suitable for use in an apartment.

Direct heating with electricity, including the use of infrared emitters, underfloor heating and climate systems, can be quite expensive compared to gas. A good alternative is an air-to-air heat pump.

If the façade of the house is insulated, the costs, by means of a pump or electricity, are significantly reduced. In addition, heating is provided when you want, and not when it is required throughout the house.

If the boiler is

Apartment heating of new houses is often organized on the basis of gas boilers. In fact, gas heating, on this moment, is the most profitable, in comparison with all other types.

Free legal advice:

If we consider why developers refuse central heating and why it is beneficial for you, you can find obvious reasons.

Firstly, the high cost of DH services is quite justified. High tax for gas for CHPPs, depreciation of equipment, repair and replacement of heating mains, heat losses - all this is paid, to one degree or another, by the subscriber of the company.

If a boiler is installed in the apartment, there are no such problems, and the cost of heating, with the same power, will cost at least two times cheaper.

But there are also a few drawbacks. The removal of combustion products is carried out by coaxial air ducts to the facade (unless the design of the house was originally optimized for apartment heating).

Otherwise, it is better for residents of such houses not to open windows again during the heating season. If the design of the house is thought out in advance for this type of heating, then air intakes are displayed on the facade, removing waste in such a way that all the boilers of the house can simultaneously operate at full capacity in the complete safety of residents.

Free legal advice:

Corner and middle apartments will consume different amounts of gas, respectively. And if central heating for such houses solves the problem with the same cost of payment, then the payment will depend only on the individual boiler output.

And finally, the insecurity of gas, even though modern boilers are equipped with last word technical security. The risk that one of the residents will not cope with the equipment still remains.

Conclusion

Disconnection from the central heating system is possible only when the project proposed by specialists is approved, and the equipment selected for heating meets all the requirements that the law puts forward.

Arbitrarily performing such work is not only illegal, but also unsafe for your own, first of all, property.

For houses with apartment heating, the situation is simpler: the owners can always open the heating season when necessary, heating the apartment as much as necessary.

Free legal advice:

But, sometimes, even a technically well-thought-out apartment (for individual heating) does not have equipment upon purchase. Then you have to choose from alternative options, such as climate systems or air pumps.

Switching from central heating to individual

Experience: 5 years 1 month 13 days

Surely you have heard from a neighbor or other acquaintance that it is IMPOSSIBLE to switch to individual heating. the law forbids, then it is not so!

Unfortunately, to date, many people have misinterpreted the current legislation.

Free legal advice:

For example, having called the administration, or rather the sector for the preparation of urban planning plans and permits, I asked the question: is it possible to switch to individual heating by disconnecting from the central heating system? in an apartment building. In response, I heard that the law of the Federal Law No. 190 "On heat supply" prohibits

Well, now let's move on to the law itself, which does not prohibit, but only specifies what types of boilers can be installed

In accordance with paragraph 15 of Art. 14 FZ No. 190 "On heat supply".

Forbidden switching to residential heating in multi-apartment buildings with using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connecting to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, if there is a duly connected connection to the heat supply systems of apartment buildings, except for cases specified by the heat supply scheme.

Based on the verbatim content of this norm, the transition to apartment heating in houses with a collective (central) heating system is not completely prohibited, but only with the use of some individual apartment sources of thermal energy, which ones are determined by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 dated April 16, 2012.

Free legal advice:

The presence of a closed (hermetic) combustion chamber;

Availability of safety automatics that ensure the fuel supply is cut off when the power supply is interrupted, in the event of a malfunction of the protection circuits, when the burner flame goes out, when the coolant pressure drops below the maximum allowable value, when the maximum allowable temperature coolant, as well as in case of violation of smoke removal;

Heat carrier temperature - up to 95 degrees Celsius;

Coolant pressure - up to 1 MPa.

So, if you want to switch to individual heating, then collect documents in accordance with Art. 26 ZhK RF

Free legal advice:

If something is not clear to you, how to switch to ind. heating then ask questions that I will try to answer

Experience: 5 years 1 month 13 days

Experience: 1 year 10 months 28 days

Experience: 1 year 7 months 22 days

“it is forbidden to switch to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of heat energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connecting to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, if there is a proper connection to the heat supply systems of apartment buildings, except for cases specified heat supply scheme.

Free legal advice:

Based on the verbatim content of this norm, the transition to apartment heating in houses with a collective (central) heating system is not completely prohibited, but only with the use of some individual apartment sources of thermal energy, which ones are determined by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 dated April 16, 2012.

Experience: 4 years 6 months 27 days

Experience: 1 year 5 months 15 days

Experience: 1 year 3 months 14 hours 49 minutes 36 seconds

Experience: 1 year 2 months 29 days

An apartment building in a rural area, 8 apartments, of which only 2 are occupied. According to the plan, the entire community of IOs has never had a central heating in the entire history of the house.

No one has lived in this apartment for 20 years. We started to make repairs, bought a boiler, the plan indicates the possibility of installing a double-circuit turbocharged boiler with a chimney outlet through the wall. We live on the last, second floor.

Upon arrival at Gorgaz, it turned out that the plan was invalid and had to be redone. But when I saw the documents for the boiler, Chief Engineer said the following: “I will not allow you to supply this boiler under my own responsibility, because since 2015 in the Crimea, as well as throughout the Russian Federation, it is prohibited by law to install turbo boilers in apartment buildings.”

Naturally, no written refusal was given, because an elderly woman went there and simply did not know that a refusal would be needed in writing.

The engineer, however, claims that only a chimney boiler can be installed, which is very problematic for us. The existing chimney in the house of the 50s has long fallen into disrepair, and soon the cold will come and I would like to connect to the heating as soon as possible.

Re-read Decree 307, SNiP3, etc. And so on. But I didn’t see anything about the ban on boilers, only information on the requirements for their placement and technical specifications the heat exchanger itself.

If you have any thoughts on this topic - please explain! We are grateful!

Experience: 1 year 29 days

Experience: 2 years 3 months 28 days

Contact the prosecutor Nizhny Novgorod region, disagreeing with this answer. But they will consider if you are given an answer by the prosecutor of the city of Bogorodsk, and not by the deputy. In any case, they will redirect. Wait for an answer and go back to the prosecutor's office up the stairs! Good luck to you!

Experience: 2 years 3 months 28 days

You need to send them a registered letter with notification. Attach your statement there, what exactly you want from them, copies of documents. You must respond within 30 days. If they do not answer or you do not agree with the answer, write to the prosecutor's office.

The future, order in the city and in the country, is in your hands. Use Article 33 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Experience: 6 years 3 days

Experience: 1 year 20 days

P.S. a question for the specialists, I have an apartment on the last floor, it so happened that those living below refused to loop the heating on their territory, how can I influence it or will the pipes have to be kept on their area? (

Experience: 6 years 9 months 3 days

Take the opportunity and do not cut the pipe, put a tap to bleed air and during the heating season throw a temporary shelter with a reinforced hose to the tap in the kitchen or bathroom and you will have free hot water for household needs as much as 5-6 months.

Experience: 1 year 11 days

In addition, after complaints from a neighbor, the apartment was checked by an inspector from housing inspection(unfortunately only the wife was at home), who told his wife that everything was fine. the reorganization was done back in 2008 and nothing was handed over. They said that the act or conclusion would be done in the office. How, in this case, is everything competently substantiated at the next hearing in court? I ordered a copy of the act from the housing inspectorate, ordered a justification for the legality of the working draft from the gas workers, ordered the rules for calculating the payment for heating in the heat supply company (they said orally that they do not take into account the heating of common premises and will reflect this in the certificate). If necessary, I can scan the "Objections" in full. Thank you in advance.

schus please tell me how did your fight end?

Experience: 10 months 6 days

Experience: 9 months 16 days

Experience: 9 months 13 days

Hello, help in consultation, we want to switch to central heating, but the riser goes from the 1st floor to the 5th, is it possible to make heating if all the tenants who are also tied to this riser agree? and How to choose the right arguments in court.

Law on individual heating in an apartment building

Date of registration: 31.03.2014

Date of registration: 31.03.2014

Date of registration: 20.10.2010

did someone promise you something?

Article 14. Connection (technological connection) to the heat supply system

15. It is prohibited to switch to heating residential premises in multi-apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connection (technological connection) to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, if there is a connection (technological connection) made in the proper manner to systems heat supply of apartment buildings, with the exception of cases determined by the heat supply scheme.

44. The list of individual apartment heat sources that are prohibited from being used for heating residential premises in multi-apartment buildings with a duly connected connection to heat supply systems, with the exception of cases specified by the heat supply scheme, includes sources of heat energy operating on natural gas that do not meet the following requirements:

the presence of a closed (hermetic) combustion chamber;

the presence of safety automation that ensures the fuel supply is cut off when the supply of electrical energy is interrupted, in the event of a malfunction of the protection circuits, when the burner flame goes out, when the coolant pressure drops below the maximum allowable value, when the maximum allowable temperature of the coolant is reached, as well as in violation of smoke removal;

coolant temperature - up to 95 degrees Celsius;

coolant pressure - up to 1 MPa.

Date of registration: 31.03.2014

Date of registration: 20.10.2010

presiding judge Neupokoeva L.V.,

judges Dobysh T.F., Akulova N.A.,

under Secretary Pankratova A.M.,

examined in open court on the report of the judge Dobysh T.F.

case on appeal Z.

on the claim of Z. to the Administration of the city of Ivanovo to cancel the decision and agree on the reconstruction and redevelopment,

Z. filed a lawsuit against the Administration of the city of Ivanovo to cancel the decision of the Administration of the city of Ivanovo dated xx.xx.xxxx Nxxx "On the refusal to agree on the reconstruction and (or) redevelopment of the living quarters" and the obligation to agree on the reconstruction and redevelopment in the living quarters (apartment), in accordance with the project, motivating them by the fact that she is the owner of the apartment, located at: Ivanovo, st. xxx, d. xx sq. x, and due to inadequate heat supply of the apartment, I decided to reorganize and redevelop it. She turned to specialized design organizations to prepare projects for the planned reorganization and redevelopment of the living quarters, as well as the replacement of gas equipment.

On February 22, 2012, she sent to the administration all the documents necessary in accordance with the current Procedure approved by the decision of the Ivanovo City Duma dated July 24, 2007 N 560.

Хх.хх.хххх, the Administration of the city of Ivanovo, having considered her appeal, decided Nххх to refuse to agree on the reorganization and redevelopment of the living quarters. As a basis, she indicated the inconsistency of the submitted project with the current legislation, namely clause 15 of Art. 14 FZ of July 27, 2010 N190-FZ "On heat supply".

Considering such a refusal illegal, she filed a lawsuit in court.

During the consideration of the case, Z. clarified the stated requirements, as a result, she asked the court to cancel the decision of the Ivanovo City Administration dated хх.хх.ххххг. Nxxx "On refusal to agree on the reorganization and (or) redevelopment of residential premises." Oblige to allow the reconstruction and redevelopment of residential premises, owned by right of ownership, located at the address: g. Ivanovo, st. xxxx, d. xx apt. x, in accordance with the developed project, namely: dismantling the door block and laying the doorway between the corridor and the toilet, dismantling the partition between the bathroom and the toilet and organizing a joint bathroom, decorative lining with plasterboard risers in the bathroom, replacing 2 burners gas stove for 4 burners, installation of a sink in the kitchen, turning the toilet bowl in the bathroom, installing a sink in the bathroom. Oblige the defendants to allow the reconstruction of residential premises (apartments), owned by right of ownership, located at: g. Ivanovo, st. xxxx, d. xx sq., in accordance with the developed project, namely the installation of a heat generator (gas boiler) to equip the apartment with individual heating.

By a court decision, Z.'s claims were left unsatisfied.

Disagreeing with the decision of the court, Z. filed an appeal, in which she asks to cancel it on the grounds of violation of the norms of material and procedural law, incorrect determination of the circumstances relevant to the case, and inconsistency of the court's conclusions with the circumstances of the case and make a new decision that satisfies the stated requirements.

In accordance with Part 3 of Art. 167 and part 1 of Art. 327 Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, the case was considered in the absence of the plaintiff Z. and 3rd person ZLM, duly notified of the time and place of the hearing to consider the appeal.

The Judicial Board, after hearing the representative of the plaintiff Z. and the 3rd person Z.L.M - Z.D.L., who supported the arguments set forth in the appeal, the representative of the administration of the city of Ivanov - Romantsov V.V., the representative of the Department of Housing Policy and mortgage lending administration of the city of Ivanov - Fedorov SS, who objected to the complaint, after checking the case file, discussing the arguments of the appeal and objections to it, considers the court decision lawful and justified.

The court of first instance correctly determined that, in fact, the plaintiff made claims arising from public legal relations, namely, to challenge the decision of a local government body and, based on the stated requirements, correctly resolved the dispute using the norms of Chapter 25 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation.

Based on paragraph 1 of Art. 254, Art. 255 Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, paragraph 1 of the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of 10.02.2009 N2 "On the practice of consideration by the courts of cases on challenging decisions, actions (inaction) of state authorities, local governments, officials, state and municipal employees", an essential condition for making a decision on satisfying the stated requirements for the recognition of non-normative legal acts, decisions of local authorities self-government invalid is the establishment by the court of a set of legal facts: the inconsistency of these acts with the law and their violation of the legal rights and interests of the applicant.

Presenting claims, the plaintiff referred to the violation of his rights by the disputed decision, the competence of the Ivanovo City Administration to make the disputed decision and the procedure for its adoption were not disputed by him.

Meanwhile, the fact of violation of the plaintiff's rights by the challenged decision of the local self-government body is not confirmed by evidence in the case.

As follows from the case file and established by the court, Z. is the owner of 1/4 share in the right of common ownership of the apartment, located at the address: Ivanovo, st. xxxx, d. xx, apt. X. The second co-owner is Z.

On February 22, 2012, Z. applied to the Ivanovo City Administration with a request for approval of the reconstruction and redevelopment. Attached to the application, including the project for the reconstruction of LLC MP "Architectural Workshop Dryazgov and K" and the technical specifications of OJSC "Ivanovooblgaz" N3 217.

Хх.хх.хххх, the Administration of the city of Ivanovo, having considered the appeal, decided Nххх to refuse to agree on the reorganization and redevelopment of the living quarters with reference to the inconsistency of the submitted project with the current legislation, namely clause 15 of article 14 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N190 -FZ "On heat supply".

In refusing to satisfy Z.'s claims, the court of first instance correctly proceeded from the fact that it does not follow from the submitted documents that Z.'s planned reorganization is possible in compliance with paragraph 15 of Art. 14 ch. 4 of the Federal Law "On Heat Supply" dated 27.07.2010 N 190-FZ.

According to paragraph 15 of Art. 14 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N190-FZ "On Heat Supply", it is prohibited to switch to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connecting to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, if there is one carried out in proper connection to the heat supply systems of apartment buildings, with the exception of cases determined by the heat supply scheme.

At the time of the adoption of the contested decision, the Rules for connecting to heat supply systems and the list of individual apartment sources of heat energy were not approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, in connection with which the court of first instance made the correct conclusion that Z.'s arguments about the compliance of the gas boiler intended for installation with paragraph 44 Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 16, 2012 No. N307 "On the procedure for connecting to heat supply systems and on amending certain acts of the Government of the Russian Federation", are not grounds for recognizing the contested decision of the administration as illegal.

From the analysis of the provisions of the technical standards referred to in the decision, it follows that the reconstruction and redevelopment project must comply with building codes and design rules, as it affects the general house engineering heating system.

Heat supply of an apartment building N xx on the street. xxx Ivanovo is centralized. In this case, disconnecting apartment Z. from common system heating with the installation of a gas boiler, as correctly indicated in the decision, provides for a change in the general building engineering heating system. There is no information about any exceptions provided for by the heat supply scheme in relation to this house. They were also absent at the time of the impugned decision.

Z.'s arguments that at the time of adoption of the contested decision there were all the necessary approvals and technical conditions for the reconstruction and redevelopment, including the installation of a heat generator, are not based on the evidence available in the case file. Some of the documents in support of the arguments in the claim were submitted only to the court, which is not prohibited by the current procedural law, however, they were not the subject of consideration by the Ivanovo City Administration on the day Nxxx of xxx.xxxx was made.

Thus, the panel of judges agrees with the conclusion of the court of first instance that from the documents submitted by Z. for approval to the Administration of the city of Ivanovo, it is impossible to draw an unambiguous conclusion that the planned reconstruction and redevelopment of Z. are possible in compliance with paragraph 15 of article 14 of Ch. . 4 of the Federal Law "On Heat Supply".

Since the central heating system of the house, as correctly indicated in the decision, refers to common property, then, in accordance with paragraph 3 of Art. 36, paragraph 2 of Art. 40, Art. 44 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the reconstruction of this property by reducing it, changing its purpose, or joining the property of one of the owners is possible only with the consent of the owners of the premises in an apartment building.

However, at the time of Z.’s application to the Ivanovo city administration with a statement on the reorganization and redevelopment of her living quarters and the adoption by the administration of the contested decision, there was no consent from the owners of the multi-apartment residential building where Z. lives to reorganize her apartment, which contradicts the provisions of Art. 290 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Art. 36 ZhK RF

Thus, refusing to satisfy the requirements of Z., the court of first instance came to correct conclusion about the absence legal grounds to cancel the decision of the Administration of the city of Ivanov Nххх from хх.хх.хххх year.

The conclusions about this in the court's decision are fully and correctly motivated with references to specific evidence, which are evaluated according to the rules provided for by Art. 59, 60, 67, 196 Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation. The panel of judges agrees with these conclusions of the court.

The judicial collegium considers that the arguments of the appeal were the subject of judicial consideration, aimed at a different assessment of the evidence about the circumstances established and investigated by the court, any circumstances that would not have been the subject of the court’s investigation or refuted the conclusions judgment do not contain, are similar to the stated claim and cannot serve as a basis for canceling the court decision.

The appeal does not provide any new data that refute the conclusions of the court and require additional verification.

When considering the case, the court did not violate or misapply the norms of substantive or procedural law that led to the issuance of an unlawful decision, and therefore there are no grounds for canceling the court decision on the grounds of the appeal.

In view of the foregoing, guided by Article 328 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, the Judicial Collegium

The decision of the Leninsky District Court of the city of Ivanovo dated November 29, 2012 is left unchanged, Z.'s appeal is dismissed.

Judicial board for civil affairs Rostov Regional Court composed of:

presiding judge Afanasiev O.V.,

judges Malinovsky V.V., Tikhenko S.L.,

under the secretary Roslyakova A.V.,

having heard in open court a civil case on the report of Judge Malinovskogo The.The. on the appeal of the Administration of the city of Shakhty of the Rostov Region against the decision of the Shakhty City Court of the Rostov Region dated May 10, 2012,

I.A. filed a lawsuit against the Administration of the city of Shakhty to invalidate the decision of the interdepartmental commission of the Administration of the city of Shakhty to refuse to disconnect the apartment ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty from the general house central heating system, the device in the said apartment of an individual heating system; canceling the said decision of the interdepartmental commission and imposing the obligation on the interdepartmental commission to give permission for the installation of an individual heating system in apartment N. ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty, disconnecting the said apartment from the general building central heating system in accordance with the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.

In support of his claims, I.A. reported that on January 17, 2012, he applied to the interdepartmental commission of the Administration of the city of Shakhty for the reconstruction of his apartment N ADDRESS ANIMAL in the city of Shakhty. The reconstruction of the apartment concerned the disconnection of the apartment from the general house heat supply and the equipment in the apartment of an autonomous individual heating system. Provided all necessary documents for this. On February 12, 2012, he received the protocol of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty No. 1, according to which he was denied approval of the said reorganization. This refusal I.A. considers illegal. House N ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty was built by members of the Shakhtyor cooperative in 1985 and after the loan was paid by members of the cooperative in accordance with Art. 129 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the cooperative acquired the ownership of the house. The central heating of the cooperative house N ADDRESS IS INDICATED in the city of Shakhty was produced from its own boiler house, which is confirmed by a technical passport issued by the BTI of the city of Shakhty. Contracts for district heating of his apartment I.A. did not conclude. Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190 "On Heat Supply", which is referred to by the interdepartmental commission when refusing to agree on the reconstruction of his living quarters, according to I.A. to the cooperative house N THE ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty has nothing to do.

Representative of the Administration of the city of Shakhty S.A. claim by I.A. did not recognize. She asked that his claim be dismissed.

By the decision of the Shakhty City Court of May 10, 2012, the decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty, Rostov Region, dated February 16, 2012, to refuse I.A. in the agreement on the reorganization of the apartment N ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty, was declared illegal and canceled.

The court motivated its decision by the provisions of Art. 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, which provides for the grounds for the reconstruction and redevelopment of residential premises, and Art. 27 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, which contains grounds for refusing to approve the reorganization and redevelopment of residential premises and requiring that the refusal to approve the reorganization and (or) redevelopment of residential premises contain grounds for refusal with a mandatory reference to the violations provided for by Part 1 of Art. 27 LCD RF.

The court concluded that in the decision of the interdepartmental commission, which I.A. in connection with non-compliance with the requirements of clause 1.1 of Appendix No. 4 to the Regulation "On the construction of common house built-in or attached block mini-boiler rooms and apartment heating systems with individual natural gas heat generators", his apartment N ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty was refused to be disconnected from common house central heating system and the device of an individual heating system, does not contain grounds for refusal and a mandatory reference to the committed violations provided for in Part 1 of Art. 27 LCD RF. On these grounds, he recognized the decision of the interdepartmental commission as made in violation of Art. 27 LCD RF and are subject to cancellation.

The administration of the city of Shakhty did not agree with this decision and filed an appeal with the court.

The basis indicated by the court, in the opinion of the appellant, cannot be a basis for recognizing the decision of the interdepartmental commission as illegal.

When considering the case on the merits, referring to paragraph 25 of the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated February 10, 2009 N 2 (as amended on February 9, 2012) "On the practice of court consideration of cases on challenging decisions, actions (inaction) of state authorities, local authorities self-government, officials, state and municipal employees," the appellant noted, the court must find out, among other things, whether the procedure for making decisions, taking actions by a body or a person is observed if such requirements are established by regulatory enactments (form, terms, grounds, procedure, etc.). At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the illegality of the contested decisions, actions (inaction) is evidenced only by a significant non-compliance with the established procedure; whether the content of the disputed decision, action (inaction) committed meets the requirements of the law and other regulatory legal act governing these legal relations.

In violation of paragraph 25 of the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated February 10, 2009 N 2, the court, in the opinion of the appellant, did not clarify and did not reflect in the court decision whether the content of the disputed decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty complies with the requirements of the law and other regulatory legal acts, governing these relationships.

According to the appellant, the contested decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty dated February 16, 2012 complies with the requirements of the law and other regulatory acts regulating these legal relations - part 15 of Art. 14 FZ dated 07/27/2010 N 190-FZ "On heat supply", Determination of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated 11/17/2011 N, "Regulations on the installation of common house built-in or attached block mini-boiler rooms and apartment heating systems with individual heat generators" (approved by the Resolution of the Administration of the city of Shakhty N 3689 dated December 21, 2009).

On January 1, 2011, Article N 14 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190-FZ "On Heat Supply" came into force, which must also be followed when considering legal relations for disconnecting citizens from the central heating system of apartment buildings (reconstruction approvals).

Part 15 of Art. 14 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190-FZ "On Heat Supply" prohibits the transition to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connecting to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, if there is a proper the procedure for connecting to the heat supply systems of apartment buildings, with the exception of cases determined by the heat supply scheme.

According to the Ruling of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation of 11/17/2011 N 1514-O-O, part 15 of Article 14 of the Federal Law "On Heat Supply" is aimed at ensuring the reliability and safety of the heat supply system for multi-apartment residential buildings, which may be violated by the use of certain types of individual apartment sources of heat energy and, thus, cannot be regarded as disproportionately restricting the constitutional rights and freedoms of a citizen.

According to the appellant, at present, local governments throughout the Russian Federation are not entitled to coordinate the reconstruction of residential premises by issuing permits to citizens to install an individual heating system in residential premises and disconnect them from the central heat supply system.

The administration of the city of Shakhty has no legal basis for resolving issues of issuing permits for the legalization of individual heating systems on the basis of Part 15 of Art. 14 FZ dated 07/27/2010 N 190-FZ "On heat supply", Determination of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated 11/17/2011 N, "Regulations on the installation of common house built-in or attached block mini-boiler rooms and apartment heating systems with individual heat generators" (approved by the Resolution of the Administration of the city of Shakhty N 3689 dated December 21, 2009).

In violation of paragraph 25 of the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated February 10, 2009 No. 2, according to the appellant, the court did not take into account that the unlawfulness of the disputed decision, action (inaction) is evidenced only by a significant non-compliance with the established procedure.

According to the Administration of the city of Shakhty, the court did not establish a significant non-compliance with the procedure when the decision was made by the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty. The fact that the contested decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty dated 16.02.2012. does not contain detailed grounds for refusal with reference to specific violations under Part 1 of Art. 27 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, cannot be recognized as a significant non-compliance with the procedure when making a decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty.

An indication in the decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty of the grounds for refusal with reference to the violations provided for in Part 1 of Art. 27 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, would not entail its change, the decision of the interdepartmental commission would remain the same.

I.A. submitted to the court objections to the appeal of the Administration of the city of Shakhty. In it, he indicated that the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty substantiates its refusal to agree on the conversion of an apartment from general heat supply to an autonomous one by two normative acts: the Regulation on the construction of built-in common house or attached block mini-boiler rooms and apartment heating systems with individual heat generators, paragraph 1.1 of which the conversion is allowed only on condition that the entire house is completely disconnected from the central heat supply, and Federal Law No. 190-FZ of July 27, 2010, paragraph 15 of Article 14 of which prohibits the transition to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment heat energy sources.

Indicates that the application of paragraph 1.1 of the Regulations on the construction of common house built-in or attached block mini-boiler rooms and apartment heat supply systems with individual heat generators, which are allowed to be rebuilt only if the entire house is completely disconnected from the central heat supply, cannot be applied to legal relations for disconnecting his apartment N THE ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty from the general house central heating system and the installation of an individual heating system in the said apartment, since the decision of the Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases of the Rostov Regional Court dated January 18, 2010 in the case N on the claim of A.A. A.M. V.A. A.V. YI. to MU "Department of Housing and Communal Services" of Shakhty, OAO "Shakhtymezhraygaz", HOA "Vesna" on the recognition of unlawful actions of the defendants, consisting in the refusal of the plaintiffs to disconnect their apartments from the central heating system; obligated to issue them technical conditions for coordinating the disconnection from the central heating system for the installation of individual heating systems and the recovery of non-pecuniary damage, the decision of the Shakhtinsky City Court of the Rostov Region dated October 26, 2009, which refused to satisfy the plaintiffs' claims, was canceled. The apartment belonging to him N ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE, in which the apartments of the plaintiffs A.A., A.M. in satisfaction of a similar claim to which the Shakhty City Court was denied, but the decision of which was canceled. That is, he believes that the decision of the Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases of the Rostov Regional Court dated January 18, 2010 to decide on his similar claim against the Administration of the city of Shakhty should have a prejudicial value.

According to I.A. paragraph 7 of Art. 14 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, which refers to the competence of local governments in the field of housing relations the coordination of the reconstruction and redevelopment of residential premises, is also not applicable to the regulation of legal relations on his claim, since the specified paragraph 7 of Art. 14 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, in his opinion, the competence of local governments in the field of housing relations includes the coordination of the reconstruction and redevelopment of residential premises only in the municipal housing stock. His own apartment belongs to him by right of ownership.

The decision of the Shakhtinsky city court of the Rostov region of 10.05.2012, I.A. adopted in accordance with applicable law. He asked to leave it unchanged, the appeal of the Administration of the city of Shakhty was not satisfied.

Having checked the legality and validity of the court decision within the limits of the arguments of the appeal and objections to the complaint, the judicial panel concluded that the decision of the Shakhtinsky City Court of the Rostov Region dated May 10, 2012 is subject to cancellation, a new decision should be made in the case, which, in satisfaction claims IA. must be denied on the following grounds.

In paragraph 25 of the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated February 10, 2009 N 2 (as amended on February 9, 2012 N 3) "On the practice of consideration by courts of cases on challenging decisions, actions (inaction) of state authorities, local authorities, officials , state and municipal employees", it is explained that when considering a case on the merits, the court should find out whether the body (person) has the authority to make a decision or take an action.

According to paragraph 7 of part 1 of Art. 14 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the competence of local governments in the field of housing relations includes:

coordination of the reconstruction and redevelopment of residential premises.

The court of first instance rightfully came to the conclusion that the approval of the reorganization and redevelopment of apartment N 1 ADDRESS IS INDICATED in the city of Shakhty is within the competence of the Administration of the city of Shakhty by the current legislation.

Statement by I.A. in his objections that the actions of paragraph 7 of part 1 of Art. 14 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation do not apply to relations regarding an apartment owned by him, since, in his opinion, they are intended to regulate housing relations only in relation to municipal housing stock, they are untenable, as they contradict the current legislation.

In paragraph 25 of the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated February 10, 2009 N 2 (as amended on February 9, 2012 N 3) "On the practice of consideration by courts of cases on challenging decisions, actions (inaction) of state authorities, local authorities, officials , state and municipal employees", it is also explained that when considering a case on the merits, the court should find out: whether the procedure for making decisions, performing actions by a body or a person is observed if such requirements are established by regulatory enactments (form, terms, grounds, procedure and etc.).

Its decision to satisfy the claim AND.A. the court of first instance motivated by the fact that in the decision of the interdepartmental commission, which I.A. in connection with non-compliance with the requirements of clause 1.1 of Appendix No. 4 to the Regulation "On the construction of built-in or attached block mini-boiler rooms and apartment heat supply systems with individual natural gas heat generators", he was refused to disconnect his apartment from the common house central heating system and install an individual heating system , does not contain grounds for refusal and a mandatory reference to the violations committed, provided for in Part 2 of Art. 27 LCD RF.

The conclusions of the court of first instance that in the decision of the interdepartmental commission, which I.A. was refused to disconnect his apartment from the general house central heating system and the installation of an individual heating system, there are no grounds for refusal and a mandatory reference to the violations committed under Part 1 of Art. 27 of the LC RF cannot be considered justified for the following reasons.

According to part 2 of Art. 27 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the decision to refuse to agree on the reorganization and (or) redevelopment of the residential premises must contain the grounds for the refusal with a mandatory reference to the violations provided for in part 1 of this article.

According to Part 1 of Art. 27 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, a refusal to agree on the reorganization and (or) redevelopment of a dwelling is allowed in the event of:

1) failure to submit the documents specified in paragraph 2 of Article 26 of this Code;

2) submission of documents to the wrong body;

3) non-compliance of the project of reconstruction and (or) redevelopment of the residential premises with the requirements of the legislation.

The Court of First Instance established that, according to the decision on the approval of the reorganization and (or) redevelopment of the living quarters (Protocol of the Interdepartmental Commission of the City of Shakhty No. 1 dated February 16, 2012), based on the results of consideration of the submitted documents, a decision was made:

Due to non-compliance with clause 1.1 of Appendix No. 4 to the Regulations "On the construction of general house built-in or attached block mini-boiler rooms and apartment heating systems with individual natural gas heat generators", approved by the Resolution of the Administration of the city of Shakhty N 3689 dated 12/21/2009; Clause 15 of Article 14 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190-FZ "On Heat Supply", which entered into force, it was decided to refuse to disconnect the apartment N ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty from the general house central heating system and the installation of an individual heating system.

That is, the Protocol of the interdepartmental commission states that in the terminology, the construction of the norm of paragraph 3 of part 1 of Art. 27 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the project of reconstruction and (or) redevelopment does not comply with the requirements of the legislation, and it is indicated to which specific paragraphs and articles of which laws and regulations. The terms "non-compliance" with certain norms of the law, used in the text of the Protocol of the interdepartmental commission and "non-compliance" with the legislation in the context of the norm of paragraph 3 of part 1 of Art. 27 of the LC RF in this case are identical and cannot be interpreted otherwise.

In paragraph 25 of the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of February 10, 2009 N 2 (as amended on February 9, 2012 N 3) "On the practice of consideration by courts of cases on challenging decisions, actions (inaction) of state authorities, local governments, officials, state and municipal employees", it is explained that when considering a case on the merits, the court should find out whether the procedure for making decisions, taking actions by a body or a person is observed if such requirements are established by regulatory enactments (form, terms, grounds, procedure, etc.). P.). At the same time, it is especially emphasized that the illegality of the contested decisions, actions (inaction) is evidenced only by a significant non-compliance with the established procedure.

Since the terms "non-compliance" with certain norms of the law, used in the text of the Protocol of the interdepartmental commission and "non-compliance" with the legislation in the context of the norm of paragraph 3 of part 1 of Art. 27 of the LC RF in this case are identical and cannot be interpreted otherwise, the use of the expression "non-compliance" with certain norms of the law used in the text of the Protocol of the interdepartmental commission is identical in its semantic content to the expression "non-compliance" with the legislation in the context of the norm of clause 3 of part 1 of Art. . 27 of the LC RF, all the more so, cannot be regarded as a significant non-compliance with the established procedure.

In its decision, the court referred to paragraph 1 of Art. 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation that the reorganization and (or) redevelopment is carried out in compliance with the requirements of the law in agreement with the local government; clause 1.1 of the Regulations on the installation of common house built-in or attached block mini-boiler rooms and apartment heating systems with individual heat generators, according to which these devices are allowed only if the entire house is completely disconnected from the central heat supply; to paragraph 15 of Article 14 of Federal Law N 190-FZ of July 27, 2010 "On Heat Supply" that it is prohibited to switch to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, that is, regulations, which confirm that the content of the disputed decision complies with the requirements of the law and other regulatory enactments.

The basis for satisfying the application, as explained in the aforementioned Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of February 10, 2009 N 2, may be a violation of the requirements of the law on at least one of the grounds indicating the illegality of the decisions taken, the actions taken.

There are no grounds for satisfying the application to cancel the decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhta, violations of the requirements of the law on at least one of the grounds indicated in the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of February 10, 2009 N 2, indicating the illegality of the decision taken by the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhta, has not been established . Therefore, the decision of the Shakhtinsky city court of the Rostov region, which declared illegal and canceled the decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty dated February 16, 2012, on the refusal of I.A. in agreement on the reorganization of the apartment, is subject to cancellation. In the case, a new decision must be made, which, in satisfying the claim of V.A. to the Administration of the city of Shakhty of the Rostov Region on recognizing as illegal the decision of the interdepartmental commission of the Administration of the city of Shakhty to refuse to disconnect the apartment N ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty from the general building central heating system, the installation of an individual heating system in the said apartment; canceling the said decision of the interdepartmental commission of the Administration of the city of Shakhty and imposing the obligation on the interdepartmental commission of the Administration of the city of Shakhty to give permission for the installation of an individual heating system in apartment N 1 ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty, the disconnection of this apartment from the general building central heating system must be refused.

The argument of V.A. that the decision of the Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases of the Rostov Regional Court dated 18.01.2010 in the case N on the claim of A.A., A.M. to MU "Department of Housing and Communal Services" of Shakhty, OJSC "Shakhtymezhraygaz", HOA "Vesna" on the recognition of unlawful actions of the defendants, consisting in the refusal of the plaintiffs to disconnect their apartments from the central heating system; the obligation to issue them technical conditions for coordinating the disconnection from the central heating system for the installation of individual heating systems and the recovery of non-pecuniary damage, which canceled the decision of the Shakhtinsky City Court of the Rostov Region of October 26, 2009, which refused the plaintiffs to satisfy their claims, should have prejudicial significance for the case under consideration, untenable, since the specified definition was adopted in a dispute in a different civil case, with other participants.

According to paragraph 3 of part 1 of Art. 330 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, the grounds for canceling or changing a court decision on appeal are:

Inconsistency of the conclusions of the court of first instance, set out in the decision of the court, with the circumstances of the case.

The conclusion of the court of first instance that the contested decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty of the Rostov Region on the refusal of A.A., A.M. in the disconnection of apartment N ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty, Rostov Region, from the general house central heating system and in the installation of an individual heating system, does not contain grounds for refusal with reference to violations under Part 1 of Art. 27 ZhK RF, do not correspond to the circumstances of the case, which served as the basis for making the wrong decision.

Guided by Art. Art. 328, 330 Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, judicial board

The decision of the Shakhtinsky City Court of the Rostov Region dated May 10, 2012 to cancel, to make a new decision in the case, which, in satisfying the claim of I.A. to the Administration of the city of Shakhty of the Rostov Region on recognizing as illegal the decision of the interdepartmental commission of the city of Shakhty of the Rostov Region on the refusal to disconnect the apartment N ADDRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE in the city of Shakhty of the Rostov Region from the general building central heating system and to refuse to install an individual heating system.

judge - presiding Tamarova Yew.P.

judges Ganchenkova The.A.

at the secretary of the court session Shchetinina Oh.RV

considered in an open court session on December 24, 2013 in the city of Saransk of the Republic of Mordovia the case on the appeal of the Director of the Department for legal matters Administration of the urban district of Saransk Yuskaeva R.K. on the decision of the Leninsky District Court of the city of Saransk of the Republic of Mordovia dated October 18, 2013.

After hearing the report of Judge V.A. Ganchenkova, the panel of judges

Mamonova N.S., Mamonov A.D. filed a lawsuit against the Administration of the city district of Saransk to recognize as unlawful the refusal to permit the installation of an individual heating device in the apartment, and forcing them to give permission for its installation.

Date of registration: 20.10.2010

presiding Bondara A.The.

and members of the Presidium Lazorina B.P., Lysova M.V., Pogorelko O.V., Prihunova S.Yu., Yartseva R.V.,

according to the report of the judge of the regional court Vavilycheva T.Yu.,

with secretary S.

with the participation of R.V.V., his representative - lawyer S.V.A., representative of the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region Sh.E.N.,

Having considered the civil case on the supervisory appeal of the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, against the decision of the Dzerzhinsky City Court of the Nizhny Novgorod Region of August 09, 2011 and the ruling of the Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases of the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Court of October 18, 2011 on the claim of R.V.V., R.M.V., R.I.V., V.E.V. to the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, on recognizing as illegal the decision of the local self-government body to refuse to agree on the reorganization of residential premises, established:

R.V.V., R.M.V., R.I.V., V.E.V. are the owners of the apartment located at: ***.

On May 23, 2011, in order to agree on the reorganization of the apartment - the installation of a gas heat generator, the plaintiffs, on the basis of Article 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, applied to the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, submitting the following documents: an application for reorganization, a certificate of state registration of ownership of the apartment, a reorganization project apartments, made by LLC "Troitsa-Service", technical passport of the apartment.

On June 10, 2011, the administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, denied the plaintiffs permission to reorganize the apartment due to the lack of sufficient grounds for agreeing the reorganization (installation of a gas heat generator) in the apartment.

They consider the refusal of the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, to be illegal, violating the rights of the plaintiffs, the provisions of part 3 of article 26 of the HC RF, which prohibits the approval authority from demanding the provision of other documents, except for those specified in part 2 of article 26 of the HC RF. In addition, they believe that the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, incorrectly applies the law - Part 15 of Article 14 of the Federal Law "On Heat Supply".

They asked that the decision of the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, No. 766 dated June 10, 2011, to refuse to approve the reorganization of the apartment owned by the plaintiffs, be declared illegal and to oblige the defendant to issue a decision on the approval of the reorganization of the apartment.

The defendant denied the claim.

By the decision of the Dzerzhinsky City Court of the Nizhny Novgorod Region of August 09, 2011, the decision of the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk of the Nizhny Novgorod Region N 766 of June 10, 2011 on the refusal of R.V.V., R.M.V., R.I.V., V.E.V. in the agreement on the reconstruction of the apartment *** was declared illegal.

The court ordered the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, to issue R.V.V., R.M.V., R.I.V., V.E.V. decision to agree on the reorganization of the apartment ***.

By the decision of the Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases of the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Court dated October 18, 2011, the above decision was upheld.

In the supervisory appeal sent by mail on December 29, 2011 and received by the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Court on January 10, 2012, the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, raised the issue of canceling the court decisions adopted in the case due to a significant violation of the material norms (part 15 of article 14 Federal Law "On Heat Supply", Articles 25, 26, 36 Housing Code RF) and procedural (Art. Art., Clause 1, Art. 254, Art. 255 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation).

By the decision of the judge of the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Court dated March 19, 2012, the supervisory appeal with the case was submitted for consideration to the supervisory court.

According to Article 2 of the Federal Law of 09.12.2010 N 353-FZ "On Amendments to the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation", appeals, cassation and supervisory complaints and prosecutor's submissions that have not been considered on the day this Federal Law enters into force are considered according to the rules in force on the day of their submission to the court of the appropriate instance.

Having heard the report of the judge Vavilycheva T.Yu., having discussed the arguments of the supervisory appeal, having heard the persons who participated in the consideration of the case, the presidium finds the court decisions adopted in the case to be canceled on the following grounds.

In accordance with Article 387 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, the grounds for canceling or changing judicial decisions by way of supervision are significant violations of the norms of substantive or procedural law that influenced the outcome of the case, without the elimination of which it is impossible to restore and protect violated rights, freedoms and legitimate interests, as well as protection of legally protected public interests.

When resolving the dispute by the courts of first and second instances, a significant violation of substantive law was committed - the law to be applied was not applied - Art. 25, 26, 36 of the LC RF, Art. 290 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

In addition, the conclusions of the courts do not correspond to the actual circumstances and are not supported by evidence, thereby violating the requirements of Art. Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation.

It has been established that the plaintiffs, being the owners of the apartment at: ***, applied to the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, with a statement on the reorganization of the living quarters (installation of a gas heat generator).

On June 10, 2011, the administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, denied the plaintiffs permission to reorganize their residential premises, since design decisions related to the transfer of residential premises to heating from an individual gas heat generator with the termination of heating of this premises from the in-house heat supply system apartment building, in the project submitted by the plaintiffs, are absent. In addition, the Government of the Russian Federation has not approved the Rules for connecting to heat supply systems and the list of individual apartment sources of heat energy, and an apartment building *** is connected to the city centralized heating system, the source of heat supply is boiler room No. 26 of Nizhegorodteplogaz LLC (l.d. * **).

Checking the legality of this decision of the local government, the city court (and the judicial panel agreed with it) came to the conclusion that the refusal of the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, violates the right of the applicants as owners of residential premises to use them, enshrined in Article 30 of the LC RF , the content of which includes the possibility of the applicant extracting from the premises useful properties necessary to maintain the life support of the persons living in it, including the right of the applicant to choose a heat supply source that would provide the necessary air temperature inside the applicant's apartment; The Federal Law "On Heat Supply" does not prohibit the transition to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, and the absence of rules for connecting to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation cannot be grounds for refusing to agree on the reconstruction of residential premises.

In addition, the court indicated that the defendant, the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, did not provide evidence that the installation of a gas boiler in the defendants’ apartment violates the rights and legitimate interests of other owners of the apartment building and that the work will lead to a violation of the strength or destruction of the supporting structures of the building, violation in the operation of engineering systems and (or) equipment installed on it: deterioration of safety and appearance facades; violation of fire-fighting devices.

These conclusions of the City Court and the Judicial Collegium do not meet the requirements of the law (Articles 25, 26, 36 of the LC RF, Article 290 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Articles 254, 255 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation).

As follows from the case file, the plaintiffs, in fact, made claims arising from public legal relations, namely, to challenge the decision of a local government body, which are subject to consideration within the framework of Chapter 25 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation.

According to paragraph 9 of the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of February 10, 2009 N 2 "On the practice of court consideration of cases on challenging decisions, actions (inaction) of state authorities, local governments, officials, state and municipal employees"), the courts it should be borne in mind that the correct definition by them of the type of legal proceedings (claims or in cases arising from public legal relations), in which the rights and freedoms of a citizen or organization that disagree with a decision, action (inaction) of a state authority, local government, are subject to protection, official, state or municipal employee, depends on the nature of the legal relationship, from which the claim of the person who applied for judicial protection follows, and not on the form of applying to the court chosen by him (for example, filing an application in the manner prescribed by Chapter 25 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, or filing a claim statements).

In accordance with Article 46 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Chapter 25 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, a citizen has the right to apply to the court for the protection of his rights and freedoms with a statement challenging the decisions, actions (inaction) of state authorities, local governments, officials, state or municipal employees, as a result of which, in the opinion of these persons, their rights and freedoms were violated or obstacles were created to the exercise of their rights and freedoms, or any duty was unlawfully imposed on them or they were unlawfully held accountable.

Decisions include acts of state authorities, local self-government bodies, their officials, state, municipal employees and persons equated to them, adopted individually or collectively, containing an imperious will that gives rise to legal consequences for specific citizens and organizations (clause 1 of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated February 10, 2009 N 2 "On the practice of court consideration of cases on challenging decisions, actions (inaction) of state authorities, local governments, officials, state and municipal employees").

Proceeding from paragraph 1 of Article 254, Article 255 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, paragraph 1 of the Decree of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of February 10, 2009 No. local government, officials, state and municipal employees", an essential condition for making a decision on satisfaction of the stated requirements for the recognition of non-normative legal acts, decisions of local government bodies as invalid is the establishment by the court of a set of legal facts: inconsistency of these acts with the law and violation of their legal rights and interests the applicant.

Meanwhile, the evidence in the case does not confirm the fact of non-compliance with the law and violation of the rights of the plaintiffs by the disputed decision of the local self-government body.

It has been established that the multi-apartment residential building ***, in which the apartment owned by the plaintiffs is located, is connected to the city centralized heating system (l.d. ***).

According to paragraph 15 of Article 14 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190-FZ "On Heat Supply", it is prohibited to switch to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connecting to heat supply systems approved The Government of the Russian Federation, in the presence of a duly connected connection to the heat supply systems of apartment buildings, with the exception of cases determined by the heat supply scheme.

The courts correctly pointed out that the above provision of the law does not exclude the transition to residential heating in multi-apartment buildings using individual apartment heat sources in general, but only introduces the possibility of limiting the list of individual apartment heat energy sources, which should be determined by the Rules for connecting to heat supply systems, approved Government of the Russian Federation.

At present, the Rules for connection to heat supply systems and the list of individual apartment sources of heat energy have not been approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, which does not exclude the possibility of installing an individual apartment source of heat energy if the necessary technical conditions are available in the manner prescribed by law.

In accordance with Article.Article. 25, 26 ZhK RF, installation, replacement or transfer engineering networks, sanitary, electrical or other equipment requiring changes in the technical passport of the residential premises relate to the reconstruction of the residential premises, which must be carried out in compliance with the requirements of the law in agreement with the local government on the basis of its decision.

In order to carry out the reconstruction of a residential premises, the owner of this premises is obliged to submit to the body that carries out the coordination:

1) an application for reorganization and (or) redevelopment in the form approved by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation;

2) title documents for the re-arranged and (or) re-planned residential premises (originals or notarized copies);

3) a project for the reorganization and (or) re-planning of the re-arranged and (or) re-planned residential premises prepared and executed in the prescribed manner;

4) technical passport of the rebuilt and (or) replanned residential premises;

5) the consent in writing of all members of the tenant's family (including temporarily absent members of the tenant's family) occupying the rebuilt and (or) replanned living quarters on the basis of a social tenancy agreement (if the applicant is authorized by the landlord to submit the documents provided for in this paragraph the tenant of the rebuilt and (or) replanned residential premises under a social tenancy agreement);

6) the conclusion of the body for the protection of monuments of architecture, history and culture on the admissibility of reorganization and (or) redevelopment of residential premises, if such residential premises or the house in which it is located is a monument of architecture, history or culture.

Satisfying the claims of the plaintiffs, the city court proceeded from the fact that the plaintiffs had submitted all the necessary documents provided for by Article 26 of the RF Housing Code for the conversion, and the technical conditions for gas supply (permit for the reconstruction of the gas consumption system N 0188 dated 12/29/2010, issued by LLC "Dzerzhinskgorgaz", as well as the project N.1 / GSV, compiled by LLC "Troitsa-Service") allow us to conclude that there are all design solutions for the installation of a gas heat generator.

These conclusions were made by the court without taking into account the provisions of the law on the common property of tenants of an apartment building and the requirements contained in by-laws, which must be observed during the reconstruction of a residential building.

The rules and norms for the technical operation of the housing stock, approved by the Decree of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Construction and the Housing and Communal Complex dated September 27, 2003 N 170, establish that the re-equipment and redevelopment of residential buildings and apartments (rooms), leading to a violation of the strength or destruction of supporting structures building, disruption of engineering systems and (or) equipment installed on it, deterioration of the safety and appearance of facades, violation of fire-fighting devices, is not allowed (clause 1.7.2).

In accordance with clause 7.1 of SP 62.13330.2011. Set of rules. Gas distribution systems. Updated version of SNiP2", approved by Order of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation of December 27, 2010 N 780, the possibility of placing gas-using equipment in the premises of buildings for various purposes and the requirements for these premises are established by the relevant building codes and rules for the design and construction of buildings, taking into account the requirements of standards and other documents for the supply of the above equipment, as well as factory passports and instructions defining the scope and conditions of its use.

Disconnecting an apartment in an apartment building from the central heating system with the installation of a gas heat generator provides for a change in the general building engineering heating system.

Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures" provides that the engineering and technical support system is one of the systems of a building or structure designed to perform the functions of water supply, sewerage, heating, ventilation, air conditioning air, gas supply, power supply, communications, informatization, dispatching, waste disposal, vertical transport (elevators, escalators) or security functions (subclause 21 clause 2 article 2); parameters and other characteristics of engineering and technical support systems during the operation of a building or structure must comply with the requirements of design documentation.

Thus, the reconstruction project must comply with building codes and design rules and be agreed with the heat supply organization, as it affects the general building engineering heating system.

In the meantime, working draft N.1/DHW "Reconstruction of the internal gas consumption system". The installation of a gas heat generator instead of a flowing water heater for hot water supply and heating of an apartment, performed by Troitsa-Service LLC and submitted by the plaintiffs to the local government for approval of the reorganization of the dwelling, does not contain design solutions related to the transfer of the dwelling to heating from an individual gas heat generator with the termination of heating of this room from the intra-house heat supply system of an apartment building.

The conclusion of the court of first instance that these technical conditions (working draft) allow us to conclude that there are all design solutions for the installation of a gas heat generator is not based on the evidence available in the case file, which contradicts the requirements of Article 195 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation.

The arguments of the complaint of the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, that when switching to individual heat supply of at least one apartment in an apartment building, the temperature drops in adjacent premises, the hydraulic regime in the house heating system is disturbed, and, as a result, the heat balance of the whole residential building. However, the materials of the case do not confirm that as a result of this re-equipment the rights of third parties - residents of the apartment building - are not violated.

According to paragraph 1 of Article 290 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the owners of apartments in an apartment building own, on the basis of common shared ownership, the common premises of the house, the supporting structures of the house, mechanical, electrical, sanitary and other equipment outside or inside the apartment serving more than one apartment.

Similar provisions are contained in paragraph 1 of Article 36 of the LC RF.

At the same time, the right of common shared ownership of the common property belongs to the owners of the premises in the house by virtue of the law, regardless of its registration in the Unified state register rights to real estate.

According to paragraphs 5, 6 of the Rules of Content common property in an apartment building and the rules for changing the amount of payment for the maintenance and repair of residential premises in the event of the provision of services and performance of work on the management, maintenance and repair of common property in an apartment building of inadequate quality and (or) with interruptions exceeding the established duration, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 08/13/2006 N 491, the common property includes in-house engineering systems of cold and hot water supply and gas supply, consisting of risers, branches from risers to the first disconnecting device located on branches from risers, indicated disconnecting devices, collective (general house) devices accounting for cold and hot water, the first shut-off and control valves on the outlets of the intra-apartment wiring from the risers, as well as mechanical, electrical, sanitary and other equipment located on these networks; an intra-house heating system, consisting of risers, heating elements, control and shut-off valves, collective (general house) heat energy meters, as well as other equipment located on these networks.

Paragraph 1 of Article 247 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, paragraph 2 of Article 36 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation established that the possession and use of property in shared ownership is carried out by agreement of all its participants, and if agreement is not reached, in the manner established by the court.

According to paragraph 3 of Article 36 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, a reduction in the size of common property in an apartment building is possible only with the consent of all owners of premises in this house through its reconstruction.

Since the central heating system of the house, based on the above norms of the law and by-laws, refers to common property, then in accordance with paragraph 3 of article 36, paragraph 2 of article 40, article 44 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the reconstruction of this property by reducing it, changing assignment or accession to the property of one of the owners is possible only with the consent of the owners of the premises in an apartment building.

The courts of first and second instance did not take into account the above requirements of civil and housing legislation when checking the legality of the refusal of the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, to agree on the reorganization of the plaintiffs' apartment.

Thus, the decision of the city court and the determination of the judicial board in civil cases cannot be recognized as legitimate, since they were delivered with a significant violation of the above norms of substantive and procedural law, and, by virtue of Article 390 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, are subject to cancellation, and the case - to referral to new trial in the court of first instance.

In the new consideration of the case, the court should take into account the above, in accordance with Article.Article. 56, 254, 255 Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, art. 25, 26, 36 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation to correctly distribute the burden of proof of the circumstances relevant to the resolution of the dispute, namely: to invite the plaintiffs to provide evidence confirming their compliance with the above requirements of the law, as well as the rights of the owners of the premises of an apartment building when resolving the issue of reorganization of a residential property owned by the plaintiffs premises.

Based on the foregoing, guided by Article 390 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, the Presidium of the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Court ruled:

The decision of the Dzerzhinsky City Court of the Nizhny Novgorod Region of August 09, 2011 and the determination of the Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases of the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Court of October 18, 2011 on the claim of R.V.V., R.M.V., R.I.V. , V.E.V. to the Administration of the city of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, to invalidate the decision of the local self-government body to refuse to agree on the reorganization of residential premises, to cancel.

Send the case for a new trial to the Dzerzhinsky City Court of the Nizhny Novgorod Region.

presiding Pegushina The.T.

judges Diyanova C.P., Malaeva V.G.

according to the report of the judge of the regional court Malaeva V.G.

under the secretary Fomenko A.A.

heard in open court a civil case on the appeal of Anatoly Stepanovich Kripakov against the decision of the Oktyabrsky District Court of Novorossiysk Krasnodar Territory dated January 30, 2013.

Having heard the report of Judge Malaeva V.G., the Judicial Board,

Kripakov A.S. filed a lawsuit to challenge the refusal on the part of OAO Yuggazservis to prepare project documentation and install a heating boiler with a water heater for washing dishes and a shower in the apartment ".".

In support of the claims, the plaintiff indicated that on November 22, 2012, he applied to Yuggazservice OJSC with a personal application to replace the Vector water heater with a factory-made heating boiler with a water heater for washing dishes and a shower, with a certificate of its safe operation of domestic production. However, OAO Yuggazservis refused the plaintiff, citing Part 15 of Art. 14 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190-FZ "On Heat Supply", according to which it is prohibited to switch to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connecting to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation , if there is a duly connected connection to the heat supply systems of apartment buildings, with the exception of cases specified by the heat supply scheme.

At the court session of the court of first instance, the plaintiff supported the claims and the arguments of the statement of claim and asked to be satisfied in full, and the representative of the defendant asked to refuse to satisfy the stated requirements.

By the appealed decision of the Oktyabrsky District Court of Novorossiysk dated January 30, 2013, the court refused to satisfy the claims in full.

Disagreeing with this decision of the court, the plaintiff filed an appeal, in which he asks to cancel the judicial act, considering it illegal and unreasonable, adopted in violation of substantive law, and to make a new decision.

In objections to the appeal, OAO Yuggazservis asks the judicial board to leave the court decision unchanged, and the appeal - without satisfaction.

After examining the case file, discussing the arguments of the appeal and objections, the panel of judges finds no grounds to cancel the decision of the court of first instance.

As follows from the case file, on November 22, 2012, A.S. Kripakov, being the owner of an apartment located at the address: ".", applied to Yuggazservice OJSC with a request to replace the Vector water heater with a heating boiler with a water heater for washing dishes and factory-made soul with a certificate of its safe operation of domestic production.

In accordance with Part 15 of Art. 14 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190-FZ "On Heat Supply" prohibits the transition to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connection (technological connection) to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, if there is a connection (technological connection) made in the proper manner to the heat supply systems of apartment buildings, with the exception of cases determined by the heat supply scheme.

In accordance with the Rules for the technical operation of thermal power plants, approved by order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of March 24, 2003 115, heating devices and pipelines internal system residential buildings are part of the power plant - the heating system of the building, which, in turn, is a single whole.

According to paragraph 6 of the Rules for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building and the rules for changing the amount of payment for the maintenance and repair of residential premises, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2006 N 491, the in-house heating system is part of the common property, therefore, is in the common share property of all apartment owners in an apartment building.

From the norms of Part 1 of Art. 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation it follows that the reorganization of the residential premises is carried out in compliance with the requirements of the law in agreement with the local government on the basis of a decision made by it.

It follows from the above legal norms that the owner of a dwelling in a residential apartment building is not entitled to independently, or by third parties, without an appropriate permit, disconnect the heating system from the general building heat supply system.

In view of the foregoing, the trial court rightly concluded to dismiss the claims of Kripakova A.C. to JSC "Yuggazservis" in the preparation of design documentation and installation of a heating boiler with a water heater for washing dishes and a shower in the apartment ".".

The evidence put by the court of first instance as the basis for its conclusions does not raise doubts about the authenticity, they are given an appropriate legal assessment.

Other arguments of the complaint cannot be accepted by the court as grounds for canceling the decision of the court of first instance, since they are aimed at an erroneous interpretation of substantive law.

Based on the foregoing, the panel of judges considers the decision of the Oktyabrsky District Court of the city of Novorossiysk dated January 30, 2013 to be lawful and justified, not subject to cancellation.

Guided by Art. Art. Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, the Judicial Board

The decision of the Oktyabrsky District Court of the city of Novorossiysk, Krasnodar Territory of January 30, 2013, is left unchanged, and the appeal of Kripakov A.S. - without satisfaction.

Date of registration: 31.03.2014

© NPP GARANT-SERVICE-UNIVERSITY LLC, 2018.

Many are interested in whether it is possible, without experience, to install radiators and do the wiring of heating pipes with their own hands. I will answer - you can! The process itself does not have any technological difficulties, and if you know how to make at least a little, then the installation of heating will definitely justify itself.

Those who have already experienced the replacement of heating systems know that this procedure is quite expensive. Moreover, the price is high precisely for the performance of the work itself on the installation of pipes and radiators, rather than for the material.

If you want to make your apartment warmer, then simply installing new pipes and radiators will not get off. It is necessary to take measures for warming: replace the windows if they are old and wooden,. These measures will make it possible to save not only heat, but your money.

Helpful information:

When insulating, you may have to change both the subfloor and its coating, for example, laminate. A major overhaul will allow you, when installing heating radiators and pipes, to hide communications under the floor. As a result, you will spontaneously get hidden wiring.

Concealed piping and floor insulation

If we take the aesthetics, then the heating pipes hidden in the floor are very useful. At the same time, remember that you must have access to the mounting connections at any time. And suddenly there is a breakthrough somewhere.

That is why the floor must be done deliberately. In cases where there is absolutely no need to insulate the floor, and the rough coating itself is laid on the logs, then heating pipes can be laid between the logs. Access to the pipes should be precisely at the points of their connections, which can subsequently, with poor-quality installation, leak.

If you need to insulate the floor and would like to hide the heating pipes, then the best option there will be an additional foam concrete screed. To do this, you need to perform some actions:

• We lay thoughtfully all heating pipes.
• We fill the floor with an additional foam concrete screed. Where there are pipe connections, we make a small manhole. We wait until the screed is completely solidified.
• As soon as the screed has hardened, a rough plywood floor can be laid, in which holes are cut at the heating mounting joints.
• We lay a finishing flooring on top, for example, marmoleum, in which it is also necessary to cut out hatches so that there is access to the heating installation joints.

IMPORTANT! If you are hospitable and you often have companies in the evenings, then it is advisable to lay the subfloor from tongue-and-groove plywood. It will be much stronger, but at the same time a little more expensive than ordinary plywood sheets.

How to choose pipes for heating

This question is quite important, since not only the durability of your heating system, but also thermal conductivity will depend on the material, if you do not take into account the complexity of the work and the price of materials.

Steel

This is actually an eternal heating system and about steel pipes, it’s almost impossible to say something bad. At the same time, steel pipes will be the cheapest among other types. However, there are two buts that cannot be ignored.

1. It will be difficult to work with steel and this requires a welding machine. Therefore, for independence, you must have the skills of a welder. If you do not have such skills, then it is better to hire a specialist, as a professional welder will put a seam that will be forever tight and you will sleep peacefully.
2. If you are going to install aluminum heating radiators, then be sure to insert polypropylene inserts between the radiators and pipes. Otherwise, the mounting joints between aluminum and steel will give the effect of a galvanic couple and electrical corrosion will begin.

Polypropylene

The advantage of polypropylene pipes is that they do not give off heat to the ceiling, have good soundproofing properties, and are easy to install. It is the main competitor to steel pipes in heating systems. If all pipes in an apartment building are replaced with propylene ones, then the heat leakage will be several times less, which will naturally affect the amount of payment for heating.

Polypropylene is quite comfortable to work with. Soldering the plumbing system is fast, which cannot be said, for example, about metal-plastic pipes. Yes, and by themselves, these pipes are now in vogue. Many people change metal water pipes for polypropylene ones, as this significantly reduces the cost of replacement work, and the cost of the pipes themselves is not high. In addition, with the help of propylene pipes, you can lay the wiring the way you want.

metal-plastic

Metal-plastic heating pipes will cost a little more than polypropylene pipes. During installation, heating will also require additional equipment: a flaring press, a pipe cutter, a pipe bender. With all the positive qualities, there are also disadvantages. Often the gaskets in the connectors leak. The pipes themselves do not like direct sunlight. Metal-plastic pipes do not tolerate impacts on them.

The only plus is that it is much more profitable to make heating in an apartment from metal-plastic pipes. If you rent equipment, then the price will be much cheaper than buying various fittings. Since pipes made of metal-plastic can be bent, the length of the pipes is shortened accordingly. The pipes themselves are quite thin and it is easy to hide them under the floor.

Copper pipes

So that the sellers of copper pipes do not talk about copper, about its qualities, let them keep copper pipes for themselves. I'm not saying copper pipe heating is bad. It's all about soldering pipes. Between themselves, the pipes are soldered with tin. By itself, tin is not hard enough and enters into chemical reaction with oxygen, which will gradually destroy the adhesion.

Every radio amateur knows that over time, the old solderings on the parts are destroyed and they need to be re-soldered. In the same way, tin is destroyed when soldering copper pipes. If you take copper for plumbing, then here controversial issue, but you can’t bring heat in a bucket from a column in winter if a leak forms in the mounting joint.

As a result, we can summarize the selection of pipes for heating. In apartments, you can safely install heating, namely, to lay pipes made of metal-plastic. If this is a private house, then polypropylene or steel would be the best option.

Radiators for heating

There are no problems with radiators. The only thing I should note is when you buy radiators and want to hide the heating pipes in the floor, make sure that the supply and return connectors are located at the bottom.

All connection points in radiators, during their installation, must be sealed. This is done using ordinary linen tow. Until now, no technological tricks can replace it.

Insulating mats

Whether you decide to replace radiators or not, you still need to think about how to cut off the heat flows that go outside. For this, there are special aluminum insulating mats that are installed on the wall behind the heating radiator. If you take block Khrushchev, then with installed mats, heat transfer from the battery increases by 20 percent.

The insulating mat is easy to install. It is necessary to cut holes in the insulation for hooks on which radiators hang. Apply silicone or mounting adhesive to the wall itself. Next, we take insulating screens, put them on hooks and press them against the wall, gradually smoothing them out. Do not use insulating mats made of mineral wool. The glass included in the composition can harm your health. Thermal insulation mats should be made of natural or organic fibers.

If you want to give an aesthetic look to old radiators, then special radiator screens are needed. Many make their own, many buy. Remember that not every screen will be good, as thermal conductivity must also be taken into account when installing them.

Heating wiring diagram in the apartment

The transfer of heating radiators is a complicated process, not in terms of installation, but obtaining special permission for this and agreeing technical documentation. Therefore, consider the heating scheme when the radiators remain in their own places.

If you take it in a simple way, then the whole system remains in its place, only you can change the pipe layout a little by hiding them under the floor. If you professionally approach this issue, then it is necessary to install two ball valves for each battery before and after. If suddenly your radiator leaked, then with the help of these taps you can shut off the water supply to the leaking radiator, thereby the rest of the system remains fully operational.

If you chose steel pipes and aluminum radiators, be sure to make propylene inserts, as shown in the picture. This will give a chance to avoid corrosion of the two metals.

Soldering polypropylene pipes

The soldering process itself is quite simple, you just need to purchase a special curling iron for this. Do everything carefully, because you know that if trouble comes at the start of the heating season, it will bring serious consequences.

IMPORTANT! The basic rule when soldering propylene pipes is that they must not be soldered end-to-end. For this you need to use special fittings.

Remember that any connections, with hidden pipe wiring, must have access. In order to get the pipes in the right direction, special angles and tees are used.

You can reconstruct the heating system in the apartment on your own and the work itself is not difficult. If you are not going to transfer the radiators themselves, then there is also no need to take permission to replace the heating system. The main task for you will be the choice of pipes for heating, the choice of the radiators themselves, as well as the insulation of the floor and the apartment. This is necessary in order not to heat the street and keep warm.

tweet

Pin it

Like