Voronoi V.V. Etymology of the names of military units in the modern Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Serviceman. Description of the profession. Who is a Soldier. Description of the profession How the military calls civilians
ETYMOLOGY OF THE NAMES OF MILITARY UNITS IN THE MODERN ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Voronoi Vsevolod Viktorovich
National Research Tomsk State University
faculty student foreign languages
annotation
The paper discusses the origin of the terms denoting the main types of military units (formations) in the structure of the modern Armed Forces Russian Federation. The etymology of the names of military units, the sources of borrowings, in some cases, the historical circumstances of the occurrence of the term in use in the Russian (Russian) army are established. The conclusion is made about the ways and reasons for the appearance of terms for the designation of military units.
THE ORIGINS OF MILITARY ELEMENTS NAMES IN THE MODERN ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Voronoy Vsevolod Viktorovich
National Research Tomsk State University
Student at the Faculty of Foreign Languages
Abstract
This article considers the origins of terms denoting the main military elements of the Russian Armed Forces. It shows the etymology and historical sources of linguistic borrowing and circumstances that caused these borrowings. It concludes with the ways and reasons of introducing new terms of military elements.
Bibliographic link to the article:
Voronoi V.V. Etymology of the names of military units in the modern Armed Forces of the Russian Federation // Humanitarian Scientific research. 2016. No. 4 [Electronic resource]..03.2019).
Throughout its history, the Russian army has undergone many reforms, during which its structure and the hierarchy of military formations have changed. Among the most significant domestic historians are the military reforms of Ivan IV (1550-1571), Peter I (1698-1721), D.A. Milyutin (1862-1874), reforms of 1905-1912, military reform in the USSR (1924-1925). The reform of the army took place under the influence of changing historical, political, economic, social conditions, as well as progressive foreign models. All these circumstances left their mark on the formation, change and development of military terminology. Modern terms for military units have various origins and the history of functioning in modern Russian.
This article discusses the origin of terms denoting only specific units (formations) in the structure (or hierarchy) of the Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. In order of growth in the number of personnel, these are: squad, platoon, company, battalion, regiment, brigade, division, corps, army, front. Thus, special names of units in aviation and navy (for example, a flight, squadron, crew, fleet) and some branches of the military (for example, a battery in artillery), grouping concepts (for example, a unit, a formation), that have fallen out of use, remain outside the scope of the study. or rarely used terms (e.g. team, detachment), names special types formations (educational, disciplinary, etc.).
The subject of the study is the origin of the names of military units in modern Russian army. The object of the study is a group of words, in military terminology, denoting the main specific military formations in ground forces RF: squad, platoon, company, battalion, regiment, brigade, division, corps, army, front. The purpose of the study is to consider the etymology of this group of words, to establish the main sources of origin of military terms of a particular lexical group(names of military units).
We will consider the origin of the names in order of increasing the number of personnel of the units - from the smallest to the largest.
Branch - the lowest military unit of 6-12 people. It is available in the armed forces of most states, is part of a platoon - motorized rifle (infantry), reconnaissance, sapper, communications, etc. The verb "separate" (hereinafter from the Proto-Slavic deliti) comes from.
A platoon is a combat and administrative unit of a company, squadron or battery. In the etymological dictionaries of M. Fasmer and P.Ya. Blacks are missing dictionary entries"platoon". The word comes from the verb cock. The National Corpus of the Russian Language (NKRYA) records the first use of the word platoon by A. Radishchev in 1773-1774 (the term plutong is also used at the same time). The last use of the word plutong was recorded by the NKR in 1817. Therefore, it can be assumed that for some time the names of the units platoon and plutong functioned in parallel, and then a more understandable term of Slavic origin replaced the foreign name. According to some reports, this happened after 1815 (see Kersnovsky A.A. "History of the Russian Army").
A company is a military unit, consisting of two or three platoons, which is part of a battalion. In Russian, the word company has been known since the first half of the 17th century, since 1632, when the organization of the "regiments of the new system" began. Borrowed from German language. Modern German Rotte - row, crowd, military unit, military detachment. Rotte was borrowed in the Middle Ages from Old French (rote, route - crowd, detachment).
Battalion - part of a regiment of several companies, containing up to 1000 soldiers. It has been known in Russia since 1702. Borrowed directly from the French. bataillon, it. battaglione or through it. Bataillon.
Regiment - the formation of armed forces numbering from 900 to 2000 people, including headquarters of several battalions or divisions. According to M. Vasmer, it comes from the Proto-Slavic language, from which, among other things, the Old Slavonic pulk and Old Russian pulk originated. It is also indicated that “loans. from other German. *fulkaz and “primordially Slavic. the origin of the word rъlkъ is less likely. There are other versions of the origin of the word. For example, S. Kolibaba in the article “Regiment - Etymology” indicates that the term regiment appears in the “Tale of Bygone Years” - in 946, when Princess Olga began a war with the Drevlyans, and “in the plot of the chronicler of the XII century, regiments mean Drevlyansk and Kiev militia; those. militia territorial, regional”. Consequently, the term regiment, in the opinion of this author, should have the meaning of "fellowship, district, region, district" in its content. The author connects the origin of the word regiment with the biblical pelakh (district, region, district), analyzing the content of concepts, the graphic and phonetic design of words, the rules for transliterating Jewish names into Russian. Nevertheless, most of the sources we used indicate the Slavic origin of the word "regiment", and we will adhere to this version.
A brigade is a military unit consisting of two or three regiments. As a military term, the word brigade is known in Russian from early XVIII century. Borrowed from French. Fr. brigade - from the Italian brigata (team, crowd, company, society).
A division is a large tactical unit in the army, which is a combination of several regiments in the ground forces. In Russian, the word division has been known since the beginning of the 18th century, when a division consisted of several infantry brigades. The word comes from lat. divisio - division, separation. In many European languages there are similar words: fr. division, German die Division division. It is possible that the word division appeared as a military term earlier than in the West.
A corps is a large military formation, consisting of other formations (divisions, brigades), as well as units and subunits of various branches of the military. In Russian, the word corpus has been found since 1705, borrowed through Polish. corpus or German. das Korps (XVII century). Comes from lat. corpus - "body, organism".
Army - an operational military formation of several corps or divisions of various branches of the armed forces for conducting combat operations during the war. It was recorded in Russian in 1705 by Prince Kurakin; also met in 1704 in the form of an army. Borrowed directly from French or through German die Armee. In this case, the ending -iya may be an erroneous regularization instead of the old -ey, which is perceived as vulgar.
The front is a large operational-strategic association of troops of the armed forces of the state in the conditions of continental hostilities. Russian front (also front and folk front) has been known since 1703. Borrowed from the German language: die Front - “front, system”. Derived from the Latin frons "forehead".
Of the ten names of military units, whose origin was considered in this study, seven are borrowed from foreign languages: four from French, three from German. At the same time, six of the seven borrowed terms came into use in the 18th century. Thus, the most active military terms and designations of military units, in particular, were borrowed during the period of military reforms of Peter I (1698-1721). The strongest and most effective European armies were taken as samples, in addition, Peter I invited many foreign military leaders to serve - F. Lefort, P. Gordon, A. Weide, G. Ogilvy and others, who introduced not only new principles for the organization of troops and conduct of hostilities, but also the corresponding military terms. Also extremely conducive to lexical borrowing circumstances are long fighting. Close interaction between military personnel has created favorable conditions for the adoption of a certain layer of vocabulary. The terms borrowed in this era, naming military units (battalion, brigade, division, corps, army, front), to one degree or another, have retained their meaning to this day.
Three of the ten names considered are of Slavic origin. At the same time, two of them (squad, platoon) are relatively new and designate grassroots, the smallest, military units. These terms, as a rule, are used to designate units in the Ground Forces; in different branches of the military, they may have other or parallel names (crew, crew, etc.). The most interesting of this group is the word regiment - the oldest of all ten terms considered, used as far back as the 10th century. Compared with modern meaning term, in early period the word regiment actually called any more or less large military formation, most often - an association formed on the principle of belonging to one territory or under the command of one military leader. Modern term has a narrower and more specific meaning, although it has retained its universality and is used in all branches of the military. Accordingly, the knowledge of these terms is an important component of the professional competence of a military translator.
Aviation, Air Force - a type of armed forces for fighting in the air and attacking ground and sea targets, equipped with aircraft and helicopters. Performs both independent tasks and support of other types of troops.
Automatic - weapon. Effective fire up to 400 m, rate of fire up to 100 rounds per minute. One of the best in the world is the Kalashnikov assault rifle.
Army - a set of armed forces; military association of formations and units.
Artillery is a branch of the armed forces, the main striking firepower is guns, mortars, rockets, etc.
An attack is a decisive moment in the offensive actions of troops - fire and forward movement.
A battalion is a subdivision of a regiment or a separate unit. Consists of 3-4 companies and special platoons.
Biological weapons - pathogenic bacteria, viruses, toxins. Forbidden.
BMP - fighting machine infantry. Armored, allows you to fight without leaving it.
A platoon is a unit within a company. Consists of 2-4 departments.
Rifle - small arms with a rifled barrel.
The navy, the navy is a branch of the armed forces. Designed for operations at sea and on land. Includes ships, marines, aviation,
Coastal artillery.
War is a large-scale armed conflict, the achievement of political goals by violent means.
Air defense troops - designed to repel enemy air strikes.
The guard is a select, privileged part of the troops.
Grenade - ammunition for defeating enemy personnel and equipment at a distance of up to 100 m. Designed for firing from grenade launchers and throwing (hand grenades).
Landing troops - designed to land on enemy territory.
The division is the main tactical formation. It consists of regiments, separate 6 tadions, etc.
Military doctrine is an accepted system of views on the goals and methods of warfare.
Military rank - is assigned personally to each serviceman and conscript. Determines seniority in the armed forces.
Caliber - one of the main characteristics of weapons, barrel diameter firearms in millimeters or the mass of the bomb in kilograms.
Surrender - the cessation of armed struggle and the surrender of the troops of one state to another.
Corps - higher combined arms formation or an operational-tactical association, consisting of several divisions, separate regiments, etc.
A sailor is a private in the navy.
Mina - explosive ammunition for firing mortars; weapon for explosive barriers.
A mortar is a smooth-bore gun for mounted firing at covered targets.
Offensive - a type of conducting military operations with the aim of defeating the enemy and capturing important lines or areas.
Defense - a type of military action used to disrupt the enemy's offensive.
Weapon- common name devices and means used to destroy manpower, equipment and structures of the enemy.
Branch - a military unit of 6-12 people as part of a platoon.
Retreat - the withdrawal of troops from their positions for tactical purposes or under pressure from the enemy.
A truce is a temporary cessation of hostilities by agreement of the belligerents.
Infantry - motorized rifle units, formerly the oldest type of ground forces.
Regiment - military unit, organizationally independent combat unit.
A submarine is a ship capable of navigating and performing combat missions both above and below water. Can carry intercontinental missiles.
An order is a written or oral order from a superior to a subordinate, which is law for him.
A gun- artillery piece with a range of up to 30 km, caliber 20-100 mm.
Rocket troops - a type of armed forces armed with missiles capable of hitting targets in any region of the globe.
A branch of service is an integral part of a branch of the armed forces, distinguished by its inherent weapons, military equipment and characteristic combat properties.
A company is a unit of several platoons as part of a battalion or a separate one.
Connection - the general name of a brigade, division, corps in various branches of the military.
A soldier is a soldier. In a narrower sense - military rank private.
Spetsnaz - units and subunits trained and equipped to perform especially important tasks.
Strategy is the highest field of military art. 06ensures the fulfillment of the tasks set by the policy.
Tactics is an integral part of the art of war, subordinate to strategy. Includes theory and practice of combat.
A tank is an armored tracked fighting vehicle. The main weapon is a cannon with a caliber of up to 152 mm, a machine gun. Crew - 3-4 people. Speed up to 70 km/h.
The rear is the entire territory of a belligerent country, except for the area of military operations.
Charter- official document governing all aspects of life in the armed forces.
The front is the line of deployment of the armed forces and their contact with the enemy.
Chemical weapons - poisonous substances and means of their use (shells, bombs).
Part - a military formation as part of a formation; it includes divisions.
Nuclear weapon - view weapons mass destruction; operating factors: shock wave, light radiation, penetrating radiation and radioactive contamination.
Info Lesson Plan:
1. Lexical meaning of paronyms military - military - military
2. Examples of phrases with a paronym military
3. Examples of sentences with a paronym military
4. Examples of phrases with a paronym military
5. Examples of sentences with a paronym military
6. Examples of phrases with a paronym military
7. Examples of sentences with a paronym military
1. LEXICAL MEANING OF PARONYMS MILITARY - MILITARY - MILITARY
MILITARY - 1.
adjective from noun war. Relating to military service, service to the army, military personnel. 2 .
Such as the military, the army, characteristic of them. 3 .
The same as a soldier.
MILITARY - adjective from noun warrior. Pertaining to military affairs, military service.
MILITARY- 1. Peculiar to the army, troops, characteristic of them. 2. Belonging to the army, troops.
2. EXAMPLES OF PHRASES WITH A PARONYM - MILITARY
1) military industry
2) military life
3)military team
4) military exercises
5) military service
6) military pension
7) military command
8) military commissariat
9) military prosecutor's office
10) military commandant's office
11) military property
12)military uniform
13) military uniform
14) military overcoat
15) military shoulder straps
16) military patches
17) military cap
18) military history
19) military era
20) war years
21) military time
22) military events
23) military merit
24) military exploits
25) military medical service
26) military doctor
27) military man
28) military personnel
29) military specialist
30) military brass band
31) military science
32) military
33) military secret
34) military secret
35) war crime
36) war criminal
37) military conflict
38) military professions
39) children of wartime
40) military threats
41) military equipment
42) warship
43) military aircraft
44) military pilot
45) military maneuver
46) military prose
47) military music
48) military lyrics
49) songs of war years
50) military folklore
51) military theme
52) military prose
53) war song
54) military march
55) war movie
56) military newsreel
57) military parade
58) military history
59) military losses
60) military action
61) military operations
62) military campaign
63) military roads
64) military aspects of international law
65) military settlements
66) military sphere
67) military reform
68) martial law
69) military democracy
70) military faces
71) war game
72) military pathfinders
73) Russian military school of the XVIII century
74) military educational institutions
75) military department
76) military school
77) military academy
78) military summary
79) military flotilla
80) military forces
81) military relics
82) military collection
83) military training
84) military leadership
85) military leader
86) military review
87) military observer
88) war correspondent
89) military program
90) military exhibition
91) military names
92) military camp
93) military base
94) military plant
95) military power
96) military superiority
97) military power
98) war plan
99) military equipment
100) military district
101) military garrison
102) military badge
103) military exercises
104) military translator
105) military clash
106) military leader
107) military childhood
109) military bearing
110) military training
111) military brotherhood
112) military antiques
113) military letters
114) military archive
115) military materials
116) military chronicle
117) military company
118) military situation
119) military hospital
120military council
121) military court
3. EXAMPLES OF OFFERS WITH A PARONYM - MILITARY
1)Military
2)Military
3)Military position - a position established by the authorities under exceptional circumstances in a country, city, when the functions of maintaining order and state security handed over to the army.
4)Military preparation is learning military affairs (combat and rifle training, hand-to-hand combat), military sports competitions, excursions to military units, summer field practice.
5) The war in Chechnya became the largest military collision in our country.
6) Songs about the war were born not only in military period.
7)Today songs military
8) Since the 15th century, participants in campaigns and battles have been awarded medals. The higher military
9) The Order of St. Alexander Nevsky was awarded for military or civic merit.
10) The Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called was celebrated military
11) The most revered in Russia military the award was the Order of St. George, named after the brave warrior, who was considered the patron saint of the defenders of the Russa Land. Even Peter the Great decided to establish an award exclusively for military merit. Catherine II was able to implement this idea. On November 26, 1769, she established military Order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George. This order was awarded to officers who showed courage on the battlefield, as well as for special distinctions that “brought benefit and glory Russian weapons". The order was considered the highest military reward. The motto of the order is "For Service and Courage".
12) M.I. Kutuzov began military service from the age of 15.
13) In 1854-1855 Nakhimov P.S. was the commander of the Sevastopol port and military governor.
14)military no one is trusted with the secret.
15) Why military
16)Military actions destroyed almost the entire housing stock of the city - about 42 thousand buildings.
17) Rokossovsky K.K. began military
18) Each of military
19) What military
20) What are the reasons military
21) Petr Grinev, main character story by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", on the eve of the battle with the Pugachevites he dreamed of a heroic military feat.
22)Military
23) Writer Vsevolod Vishnevsky noted in his diary military years: "The role of national Russian identity and pride is increasing."
24) The Mongols had a strong military
25) Victims of war - military
26) Russian soldiers were different military skill, valor and perseverance.
27) Vladimir Vysotsky repeatedly repeated that military
28) Musical art deeply and truthfully revealed the subject military years.
29) Sparta reminded military a camp where no one was allowed to live the way he wanted. Only one occupation was allowed - military case.
31) In the history of each Russian family There is military page.
32) Arsenal - warehouse military equipment.
33) Huge contribution to improvement military art and military Science was introduced by Peter the Great.
34)Military letters - imperishable archives military years.
35) the young man who passed military service, gains more than loses.
4. EXAMPLES OF TERMS WITH A PARONYM - MILITARY
1) military oath
2) military banner
3) military traditions
4) military rituals
5) military regulations
6) military address
7) military team
8) conscription
9) military awards
10) military ranks
11) military town
12) military unit
13) military formation
14) military units
15) military registration
16) military duty
17) military discipline
18) military system
19) military labor
20) military glory
21) martial art
22) military honor
23) military echelon
24) military discipline
25) conscription
26) military courage
27) military courage
28) military courage
29) martial arts
30) military mass grave
5. EXAMPLES OF OFFERS WITH A PARONYM - MILITARY
1)Military
military duty.
military glory of Russia.
4) Over the years, weapons have been improved and military craftsmanship of the Slavic peoples.
5) A lot military
6) Has understanding changed? military
7)Military
8) A.V. Suvorov went through everything military ranks.
9) The Order of Courage was awarded to many servicemen for the performance military debt.
10) The battle banner of the unit is a symbol military honor and glory.
11) What order was awarded in Russia exclusively for military bravery?
12) Pyotr Grinev, the main character of A.S. Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter", arouses our sympathy with his honesty, loyalty military debt.
13) Smolensk is called a city military glory, shield city.
14) Combat traditions of the armed forces - the basis military morals.
15)Military the article of Peter I (1716) forbade robbery, called for sparing women and children.
16) Patriotism and loyalty military
17) Many monuments have been built in Bulgaria and Russia military glory.
18)Military
19) Basic and inviolable law military life is an oath.
6. EXAMPLES OF PHRASES WITH A PARONYM - MILITARY
1) military connection
2) military transport
3) military chieftain
4) military office
5) military circle (meeting of Cossack representatives of the region)
6) military foreman
7) military detachment
8) military intelligence
7. EXAMPLES OF OFFERS WITH A PARONYM - MILITARY
1) Who led the first military partisan group?
2) They are preparing to comprehend the secrets military intelligence.
6.TESTS
1)Military science is a system of knowledge about the laws of war, about preparing for it and about how to conduct it.
2)Military business - a circle of knowledge covering issues military theory and practice in relation to military and peacetime.
3) The Order of St. Alexander Nevsky was awarded for military or civic merit.
4) What order was awarded in Russia exclusively for military bravery?
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONG. Find the error and fix it. Write the sentence number and the correct word.
1) Songs about the war were born not only in military period.
2) In the hour of trials, he honorably fulfilled his military duty.
3) Defenders of the Fatherland Day - day military glory of Russia.
4) Basic and inviolable law military life is an oath.
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONG. Find the error and fix it. Write the sentence number and the correct word.
1)Each of military songs - a true masterpiece, with own life and history.
2) Combat traditions of the armed forces - the basis military morals.
3) What military operations ended the Great Patriotic War?
4) What are the reasons military failures of Russia in the campaigns of 1805-1807?
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONG. Find the error and fix it. Write the sentence number and the correct word.
1)Military duty - the statutory duty of citizens to serve in the ranks Armed Forces and perform other duties related to the defense of the country.
3) A.V. Suvorov went through everything military ranks.
4) The Order of Courage was awarded to many servicemen for their performance military debt.
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONG. Find the error and fix it. Write the sentence number and the correct word.
1) Pyotr Grinev, the main character of A.S. Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter", on the eve of the battle with the Pugachevites dreamed of a heroic military feat.
2)Military doctors rescued the wounded in battle.
3) Patriotism and loyalty military duty - the main qualities of the defender of the Fatherland.
4) In 1854-1855 Nakhimov P.S. was the commander of the Sevastopol port and military governor.
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONG. Find the error and fix it. Write the sentence number and the correct word.
1) Smolensk is called a city military glory, shield city.
2) Victims of war - military And civilians suffering during wars and armed conflicts.
3) Vladimir Vysotsky repeatedly repeated that military The songs have a contemporary twist.
4) The Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called was celebrated military exploits and impeccable public service.
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONG. Find the error and fix it. Write the sentence number and the correct word.
1) In the history of every Russian family there is military page.
2) Arsenal - warehouse military equipment.
3) A lot military compounds were created at the expense of folk funds.
4) Rokossovsky K.K. began military private service in the First World War.
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONG. Find the error and fix it. Write the sentence number and the correct word.
1)military no one is trusted with the secret.
2)Military the glory of the ancient Russian prince Svyatoslav prompted the Pecheneg prince to make a bowl from his skull: he hoped, using it, to adopt the valor and military talent of the prince.
3) Why military events in the history of mankind always change the fate of peoples?
4) Musical art deeply and truthfully revealed the subject military years.
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONG. Find the error and fix it. Write the sentence number and the correct word.
1) M.I. Kutuzov began military service from the age of 15.
3)Military ranks determine seniority in the relationship between military personnel.
4) The battle banner of the unit is a symbol military honor and glory.
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONG. Find the error and fix it. Write the sentence number and the correct word.
1)Today songs military years appear before listeners as monuments of history, fanned by the romance of the heroism of the people.
2) Since the 15th century, participants in campaigns and battles have been awarded medals. The higher military the post was occupied by the awarded, the larger in size and weight was his medal.
3) Has understanding changed? military debt, army partnership?
4) The Mongols had a strong military organization: the entire large army was divided into “darkness”, 10,000 people each, “darkness”, in turn, into “thousands”, “hundreds”, “tens”.
7. ANSWERS
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Offer No. |
Reference
The art of military affairs has appeared since the formation of states and exists to this day. For the defense and defense of their territories, a constant composition of physically hardy and professional specialists. Even in Peaceful time armed forces are constantly trained. This is not only the construction of military bases and the production of equipment, but also human resources. Special educational institutions have been set up to train highly qualified military personnel.
Demand for the profession
Quite in demand
Representatives of the profession Serviceman are in high demand in the labor market. Despite the fact that universities graduate a large number of specialists in this field, many companies and many enterprises require qualified military personnel.
Description of activity
What knowledge should a soldier have? Not only theory is important here, but also the practice of preparing and conducting military operations on land, sea or in the air. Each soldier adheres to the Charter of the Armed Forces, the norms of international humanitarian law, as well as the rules for the treatment of the wounded and prisoners. Soldiers have their own special obligations. They can't do entrepreneurial activity, divulge military secrets and refuse to complete the task.
Wage
average in Moscow:
The uniqueness of the profession
Pretty common
The majority of respondents believe that the profession Serviceman can not be called rare, in our country it is quite common. For several years, the labor market has seen a demand for representatives of the profession Serviceman despite the fact that a lot of specialists graduate every year.
How users rated this criterion:What kind of education is needed
Higher professional education
The survey data show that for work in the profession Serviceman you must have a diploma of higher professional education in the relevant specialty or in a specialty that allows you to work military personnel(adjacent or similar specialty). Medium vocational education not enough to be military personnel.
How users rated this criterion:Job responsibilities
The duties of military personnel are determined by the Charter of the Armed Forces, as well as the Constitution and laws of the Russian Federation. The soldier protects the territory, equipment and human resources. Depending on the rank, he can lead subordinates, make decisions and give orders. Before that, the serviceman analyzes the available facts, predicts a possible danger. His duties include not only physical training and the study of the charter, but also the preparation of documentation on the operations or activities carried out. A serviceman can also work in educational military institutions and perform the functions of a teacher.
Type of labor
Mostly mental work
Profession Serviceman- this is a profession of predominantly mental work, which is more connected with the reception and processing of information. In work Serviceman the results of his intellectual reflections are important. But, at the same time, physical labor is not excluded.
How users rated this criterion:Features of career growth
The career growth of a soldier depends on receiving titles and awards. For this, it is necessary positive reviews higher command and a certain period of service. Currently, contract service is popular. This has its advantages: it is a high wage, the possible provision of housing and benefits for admission to educational institutions.
Career Opportunities
Opportunities Enough
The vast majority of the profession Serviceman believe that they have enough opportunities to advance in career ladder. If an ordinary specialist has such a goal, then it is quite possible for him to take leadership position in this domain.
How users rated this criterion:Main external military dangers:
a) the desire to endow the power potential of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) with global functions implemented in violation of international law, to bring the military infrastructure of NATO member countries closer to the borders of the Russian Federation, including by expanding the bloc;
b) attempts to destabilize the situation in individual states and regions and undermine strategic stability;
c) deployment (build-up) of military contingents of foreign states (groups of states) in the territories of states adjacent to the Russian Federation and its allies, as well as in adjacent water areas;
d) the creation and deployment of strategic anti-missile defense systems that undermine global stability and disrupt the existing balance of forces in the nuclear-missile sphere, as well as the militarization of outer space, the deployment of strategic non-nuclear systems of high-precision weapons;
e) territorial claims against the Russian Federation and its allies, interference in their internal affairs;
f) proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, missiles and missile technologies, an increase in the number of states possessing nuclear weapons;
g) violation by individual states of international agreements, as well as non-compliance with previously concluded international treaties in the field of arms limitation and reduction;
h) application military force in the territories of states adjacent to the Russian Federation in violation of the UN Charter and other norms of international law;
i) the presence (emergence) of outbreaks and escalation of armed conflicts in the territories adjacent to the Russian Federation and its allies;
j) the spread of international terrorism;
k) the emergence of hotbeds of interethnic (inter-confessional) tension, the activities of international armed radical groups in areas adjacent to the state border of the Russian Federation and the borders of its allies, as well as the presence of territorial contradictions, the growth of separatism and violent (religious) extremism in certain regions of the world.
Main internal military dangers:
a) attempts to forcibly change the constitutional order of the Russian Federation;
b) undermining of sovereignty, violation of unity and territorial integrity Russian Federation;
c) disorganization of the functioning of state authorities, important state, military facilities and information infrastructure of the Russian Federation.
Main military threats:
a) a sharp aggravation of the military-political situation (interstate relations) and the creation of conditions for the use of military force;
b) obstruction of the operation of the state and military control systems of the Russian Federation, disruption of the functioning of its strategic nuclear forces, missile attack warning systems, outer space control, nuclear weapons storage facilities, nuclear energy, nuclear, chemical industry and other potentially hazardous facilities;
c) the creation and training of illegal armed formations, their activities on the territory of the Russian Federation or on the territories of its allies;
d) demonstration of military force during exercises in the territories of states adjacent to the Russian Federation or its allies for provocative purposes;
e) revitalization of the activities of the armed forces of individual states (groups of states) with partial or complete mobilization, transfer of state and military administration bodies of these states to work in wartime conditions.
source of potential regional military danger Russia and other CIS countries are states bordering the territory of the former USSR in the south, which are capable of individually creating quite powerful groupings of troops against their northern neighbors. At the same time, regional military threats of a different nature have been smoothed to a certain extent by bilateral agreements (economic, border, military, cultural, etc.) and have practically not grown into a military threat to Russia, although they have a great explosive potential.
Local military danger at the present time it has a more mobile character, more pronounced and specific symptoms of contradictions and a shorter process in time of transition to an immediate threat or to an armed conflict. Local military danger to Russia practically exists around the perimeter borders Russia with far-abroad countries. Nutrient medium it is served by the existing purely military and territorial contradictions, which, under certain conditions, can develop into armed conflicts.
At present, tendencies of increasing military danger within the CIS and Russia, which can develop into armed conflicts, play an increasingly important role. different scale and intensity caused by the following reasons: first- non-coincidence of ethnic and administrative borders of a number of states of the CIS and Russia. The same problem takes place within the Russian Federation between its subjects. The desire of some republics to revise and clarify borders can lead to armed conflict; second- political and economic contradictions both within Russia and with the CIS states can provoke armed conflicts that cause instability and pose a threat to the statehood of Russia; third- the desire of power nationalist structures of some autonomies for complete sovereignty and the creation of their own national formations.
Based on military threats, dangers and measures to ensure the security of Russia, the alignment of military and political forces in the world and states adjacent to Russia, as well as the possible geopolitical goals of the aggressor, military conflicts at the beginning of the 21st century will be characterized as: - frontier wars where the aggressor will pursue goals: breaking through the state border to allow smugglers, terrorists or refugee flows to pass; implementation of territorial claims against Russia; -local wars, which can be unleashed with the following goals: implementation of territorial claims against the Russian Federation; support for armed separatist movements on the territory of Russia with the task of tearing away certain regions from it, as well as ousting Russian peacekeeping contingents and Russian military bases in other states;
-regional wars- these are wars of a larger scale, which will be carried out with the aims of: defeating the main military forces of the Russian Federation in the theater of operations (theater of operations), seizing a significant part of the territory, weakening the military-political leadership of the state and promoting the territorial disintegration of the Russian Federation, weakening Russia's international positions;
-large-scale (world) war, where the aggressor - a state, a coalition of states or their block, will pursue the goals of the military and economic defeat of the Russian Federation and its allies, the dismemberment and liquidation of Russia as a state - a subject of international relations. All this puts forward new requirements for the structure of the military organization of the state, including the system of medical support for the population in war time. It becomes obvious the need to maintain the structures of the medical service of civil defense in high combat and mobilization readiness. Even in a border armed conflict, a local war, one cannot do without civil defense activities with partial mobilization, especially in regions where such aggression has been committed, and in other regions in order to make up for losses in personnel, equipment, materiel, etc.
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