A single lesson on the topic "reserves of the Crimea" class hour on ecology on the topic. Specially Protected Natural Areas of Crimea Presentation for a lesson in geography (grade 9)

Crimean natural reserve state reserve, the largest nature reserve in Crimea. Area ha. Under the jurisdiction of the Office of the President Russian Federation... The administration of the reserve is located at: Crimea, Alushta, st. Partizanskaya, 42. The reserve includes 5 forestries and the Razdolnensky ornithological branch "Swan Islands", as well as the reserve is in charge of the Karkinitsky ornithological reserve of wetlands of national importance with an area of hectares of water.

The Crimean reserve is one of the oldest in the Crimea. The beginning of the preservation of the territory, which is now part of it, is considered to be the creation in 1913 of the "Reserve for the imperial hunts". At that time, a hunting service was organized for the Tsar's hunting reserve, and on Mount Bolshaya Chuchel, forest areas were allocated for the demonstration of Caucasian deer, Dagestan tours and bezoar goats, Corsican mouflons, and bison brought to the Crimea. After the establishment of the power of the Soviets in Crimea, on July 30, 1923, by the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR, a reserve with an area of more than 16 thousand hectares was created on the site of the tsarist reserve. Later, in 1923, its area expanded to 23 thousand hectares. In the reserve, research work is organized, a meteorological station, a laboratory, and a museum of nature appear.

During the Great Patriotic War, the reserve was badly damaged by fires (more than 1.5 thousand hectares were killed protected forests), bison were completely exterminated, a significant number of deer, roe deer and other animals perished, scientific base and a museum. However, immediately after the liberation of Crimea in 1944, the reserve began to recover. Its area was increased to 30.3 thousand hectares. In 1957, the reserve was transformed into the Crimean State Wildlife Preservation and Hunting Economy. During the Soviet leaders N. S. Khrushchev and L. I. Brezhnev former reserve turned into a hunting ground for high-ranking officials not only from the USSR, but also from other countries. The status of the reserve was returned to this territory only in June 1991 by a decree of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR. The branch of the Swan Islands Nature Reserve was established in 1949. in 2014, the reserve was transferred under the supervision of the UDP RF.

The main part of the reserve occupies the center of the Main ridge of the Crimean Mountains, the branch of the reserve is located in the west of the Crimean steppe zone and occupies part of the water area of the Karkinitsky Gulf of the Black Sea. The area of the mountain-forest part of the Crimean Nature Reserve is formed from sections of the mountains of the Main Ridge, the hollow between the mountains and the slopes of the Inner Ridge of the Crimean Mountains. Here are the highest mountain ranges of Crimea Yalta Yaila, Gurzufskaya Yaila, Babugan-Yaila, Chatyr-Dag-Yaila with peaks: Roman-Kosh (1545 m), Bolshaya Chuchel (1387 m), Black (1311 m). Most of the massifs are stretched from the southwest to the northeast and have a cuesta structure.

A large amount of precipitation and a dense forest cover led to the fact that many Crimean rivers Alma, Kacha, Tavelchuk, Kosse, Marta, Ulu-Uzen, Avunda, Derekoyka, Donga originate in the central part of the reserve. There are about 300 mountain springs and springs, among which the most famous is Savlukh-Su, thanks to its healing water with silver ions. Limestone rocks that make up most of the rocks on the territory of the reserve, caused the wide distribution of karst landforms: cavities, wells, grottoes, mines and caves. The general relief of the main part of the reserve is distinguished by significant differences in elevation, ruggedness and heterogeneity.

Climatic conditions the mountain-forest part of the reserve depends on altitudinal zonality, directions of mountain ranges and exposure of slopes. From the foot to the peaks, the average monthly temperature decreases and the average annual precipitation increases. average temperature January at the foot of the mountains is + 2 ° С, in July + 22 ° С. While on the peaks (on the yaylahs), temperatures below 0 ° C can be kept up to four months... Summer in the mountains is also not warm. The amount of precipitation on the yayly exceeds 1000 mm per year, and at the lower base of the northern slopes does not exceed 470 mm. Most of the precipitation occurs during the cold season.

The Crimean reserve is distinguished by the richness of vegetation. More than 1200 species of plants grow here (half of the Crimean flora), of which 29 species are included in the European Red List (Crimean eremur, Crimean cotoneaster, Siberian Sobolev, Dzevanovsky thyme, purple and red-headed lagoseris, prangos tripartite), and 9 more species are protected by the Bern Convention ... 100 species of plants and fungi growing in the reserve are listed in the Red Book of Russia. These include the leafless head, Astrantia large, summer white flower, Pallas larkspur, pale orchis, purple, salep, male, feather grass hairy, stone-loving, beautiful, green-flowered lyubka, yaylinskaya tar, Crimean lumbago, coastal chill, narrow berry and beautiful saffron , stinky juniper, leafy griffin, curly sparaxis, red camelina and many others.

The distribution of vegetation in the reserve depends on the altitude zones. At an altitude of 450 m, oak forests grow, consisting of downy oak (Quercus pubescens) and oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis), and on the southern slope of the Main ridge up to a height of 400 m, oak-pine forests of downy oak and rocky and Crimean pine (Pinus Pallasiana). Above m meters on the southern slopes grow beech-pine forests, on all others up to a height of m there are forests of rock oak (Quercus petraea), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and ash. Even higher is the belt of dense hornbeam, beech, consisting of Crimean beech (Fagus taurica Popl.), And hornbeam-beech forests, extending to the very yailas or to a narrow strip of pine forests. Frequent companions of beech and hornbeam are the species of maple, the maple Steven (Acer stevenii), mountain ash, euonymus, dogwood, which is endemic to Crimea.

At heights from m, forest vegetation gives way to meadow and steppe vegetation. Mountain meadows start here. Yayla is the kingdom of herbs. From late April to autumn bloom here: crocuses, adonis, irises, violets, adonis, veronica, cinquefoil, meadowsweet, bedstraw, yarrow, St. Yaila herbs: fescue, steppe misfire, clover, cuffs, feather grass, bluegrass, fescue, wheatgrass, timothy grass, hedgehog, short-legged. Forty-five plant species are found only on yayls, being the Crimean endemics.

The reserve is home to over 200 species of vertebrates (half of all found in the Crimea). 30 species of animals are included in the European Red List, 52 species in the Red Book of Ukraine, among them: Crimean scorpion, common saltpuga, Crimean empusa, dead head hawk, yellow-bellied snake, yellow-bellied snake and four-striped snake, black stork, gray crane, bustard, eagle owl, king red-headed, pink starling, small and large horseshoe beetles, several species of myotis and bats (only 15 species of bats live in the reserve); badger and others. The diverse fauna of invertebrates (there are more than 8000 species) has not yet been finally inventoried. Most of the species belong to the class of insects. Of the crustaceans in the rivers of the reserve, the freshwater crab is interesting. The largest number species among vertebrates are birds (160 species). In second place are mammals (37 species), in third - reptiles (10 species). The rivers and ponds of the reserve are inhabited by 6 species of fish, such as brook trout, endemic Crimean barbel, and chub. Amphibians are least represented in the reserve, there are only 4 species of them: green toad, tree and lake frogs and crested newt.

The following bird species are characteristic of the reserve: shrike and lesser shrike, garden bunting, nightjar, starling and goldfinch. Also, there are three types of nightingales: western nightingale, eastern nightingale and Persian nightingale. In the forests there are numerous species such as: Crimean tit, long-tailed tit, woodpecker, redstart, robin, warbler and jay. Mountain buntings are found high in the mountains. The reserve is home to the largest population of the Crimean subspecies of red deer in Crimea. In addition, roe deer, wild boar, and mouflon are found in the forests of the reserve. From small mammals a hedgehog is often found. Ubiquitous red fox(occasionally black-brown specimens are found). The forests are inhabited by a badger, weasel.

In addition to nature conservation, the Crimean nature reserve conducts research work. Under the program "Chronicle of Nature", natural processes in forests are studied, observations are carried out rare species plants and animals, the impact of humans on the environment is analyzed.

A. Pugacheva's song.

1 slide.

Student 1. 2017 is declared the year of ecology in Russia.

2 slide. 3 slide Pupil 2. THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA Specially protected natural areas Republic of Crimea adopted by the State Council Republic of Crimea October 22, 2014. This Law regulates relations in the field of organization, protection and use of specially protected natural areas of the Republic of Crimea in order to preserve unique and typical natural complexes and objects of noteworthy natural formations, objects of flora and fauna, their genetic fund, the study of natural processes in the biosphere and control over changes in its state, environmental education population

4 slide. Student 1. More than 50 unique natural sites peninsula: Nature Park Kalinovskiy (12,000 ha); State nature reserve Chokrak Lake; State Nature Reserve "Weeping Rock" (21.7 hectares); Natural monument "Suvorov Oak"; State natural reserve "Steppe section near the village. Klepinino "(3 ha) and others.

5 slide . Apprentice 1 . A unique section of the steppe, like the botanical reserve "Virgin Steppe", is located in the center of Crimea. This territory was left to observe the existing plant steppe communities, to clarify the prospects for the development of these communities in the future.
6 slide Apprentice 2 ... The reserve was created with the aim of protecting, preserving valuable natural complexes and objects, their rational use and renewal.

7 slide. Student 1.
A section of the steppe near the village of Klepinino in the Republic of Crimea has been withdrawn from agricultural circulation since 1952. Scientists compare the state of vegetation on this reference plot "Virgin Steppe" with the vegetation of agricultural land cultivated by humans, draw conclusions about the degree of influence of anthropogenic factors on plant communities peninsula. In addition, the observations concern the soil cover of these places.

Slide 8. Student 2. Crying rock one of the most beautiful and mesmerizing sightsCrimea - landscape reserve of national importance in the river valley in the territory Simferopol district ... Created by ... Area - 21.7 hectares. Legend has it that this nature is crying, grieving for the lost deer that once walked in these places.

Slide 9. Student 1. The rock, which resembles a layer cake in its appearance, is all dotted with karst cracks, from which water constantly oozes. One gets the impression that she is crying with real tears, hence the self-explanatory name of this object.

Drops of water, rolling down the rock, gather together and flow in thin streams down into a pond filled with clear water, which remains crystal clear and icy even in a hot period.

Student 2. This corner of the wild Crimean nature surprises with its amazing pristine beauty and naturalness, and the phenomenon of the Weeping Rock delights and amazes the imagination. It is worth seeing these "tears" one day with my own eyes, and indelible impressions remain with you for the rest of your life.

Slide 10. Student 1. "Suvorov Oak" near Belogorsk, under the mountain in the valley of the river. Biyuk-Karasu is a classic Crimean memorial tree.

Slide 11. Student 2. The age of this patriarch of the Crimean forest exceeds 700 years, its height reaches 18 meters, the trunk girth at the base is 12 meters. To hug a tree, you need at least ten people, which tourists enthusiastically check. Looking at him, you understand why they say: “strong as an oak”. It is even difficult to imagine that such trees once made up floodplain oak forests.
For its uniqueness, the oak received the status of a natural monument of local importance and is officially known under the name Suvorovsky.
As the legend says, it was under this oak tree that Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov negotiated with the envoy Turkish Sultan in March 1777. This is evidenced by the shield installed nearby. It is possible that the tree survived thanks to the great commander, who was revered in Soviet times.

Slide 12.

Student 1. Lake Chokrak is perhaps the most mysterious, mysterious and unexpectedly interesting area in Crimea. Nevertheless, most tourists bypass it, preferring the more promoted resorts of the South Coast. Lake Chokrak is often referred to as a generous gift from the planet Earth. All thanks to its unique treatment factors, which include the most valuable mud and mineral springs.

Student 2. The total area of Lake Chokrak is almost 9 square kilometers. However, its greatest depth does not exceed 1.5 meters. The shores of the lake are rocky, deserted and very picturesque Lake Chokrak is located in close proximity to Sea of Azov, it is separated from its water area by a narrow sandy cofferdam

Slide 13.

Student 1. There are a large number of natural parks, nature reserves and sanctuaries. Landscape park"Kalinovsky" is not difficult to find. Enough, having entered the Crimea, turn near Sivash towards Dzhankoy and drive to the village of Transparent. Here through efforts local residents a regional park was created. When creating the Kalinovskiy park, one goal was pursued - the protection and preservation of the wetlands of this Crimean region.

Student 2. The area of the park is 12 thousand hectares. There are several types of natural Crimean steppes on the territory of the park. These types of steppes in the landscape park are the standards of the vegetation of the Crimean steppe. It is home to about 150 species of birds. And another 60 species are observed as seasonal.

Doctrine 1. Thank you for your attention.

Anthem of Ecologists.

2. Natural Park "Karalarsky" (6806 hectares);

3. Natural park "Aeronautical complex" Uzun-Syrt mountain Klementyeva "(840 hectares);

4. Natural Park "White Rock" (2256 ha);

5. State nature reserve "Dzhangul landslide coast" (100 hectares); 6.

7. State natural reserve “Steppe area near the village. Solnechnoye "(5 hectares);

8. State nature reserve "Virgin steppe near the village of Grigoryevka" (208 hectares);

9. State nature reserve "Sasyk" (5000 hectares);

10. State nature reserve "Osovinskaya steppe" (3472 hectares);

11. State nature reserve "Steppe area near the village. School "(224 hectares);

12. State nature reserve "Dolgorukovskaya Yayla" (2130 ha);

13.

14. State nature reserve "Pozharsky" (20 hectares);

15. State nature reserve "Prisivashsky" (1000 hectares);

16. State nature reserve "Tepe-Oba mountain range" (1200 hectares);

17. State nature reserve "Arabatsky" (600 hectares); one

8. State nature reserve "Lake Chokrak" (1000 ha);

19. State nature reserve "Astana Plavni" (50 hectares);

20. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex near the mountain range“ Karaul-Oba ”(90 hectares); 21. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex near the Ayu-Dag mountain” (150 hectares); 22. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex between the village. Novy Svet and the city of Sudak "(120 hectares); 23. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Chauda" (90 hectares); 24. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Karangat" (150 hectares); 25. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Chroni” (180 hectares); 26. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at the Arabat arrow” (150 hectares); 27. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at the Dzhangul landslide coast" (180 hectares); 28. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at the Diva cliff and the Koshka mountain" (60 hectares); 29. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Ai-Todor” (120 hectares); 30. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Plaka" (60 hectares); 31. Natural monument "Coastal aquatic complex in the village. Solnechnogorskoe and with. Malorechenskoye "(60 hectares); 32. Natural monument "A section of the coast in the village. Nikolaevka "(5 hectares); 33. Natural monument "Table mountain-outlier Tepe-Kermen" (5 hectares); 34. Natural monument "Bakla" (5 hectares); 35. Natural monument “Sheludivaya Outlier Mountain” (5 hectares); 36. Natural monument "Rocks-islands of Adalary" (1 ha); 37. Natural monument "Frog Mountain" (5 hectares); 38. Natural monument "Rock of Iphigenia" (9 hectares); 39. Natural monument “Mountain Bolgatura tract” (1.9 hectares); 40. Natural monument "Meganom Peninsula" (651.591 hectares); 41 (0.09 ha); 42. Natural monument "Red Stone" (2 hectares); 43. Natural monument "Belbek canyon" (100 hectares); 44. Natural monument "Ak-Kaya Mountain" (30 hectares); 45. Natural monument "Mountain Cat" (50 hectares); 46. Monument of nature “Outlier Mountain“ Mangup-Kale ”(90 hectares); 47. Natural monument "Dzhau-Tepe Hill" (10 hectares); 48. Landscape and recreational park "Donuzlav" (2335 hectares); 49. Landscape and recreational park "Cape Takil" (850 hectares); 50. Landscape and recreational park "Atlesh" (260 hectares); 51. Landscape and recreational park "Tikhaya Bukhta" (1508 hectares); 52. Landscape and recreational park "Fox Bay - Echki-Dag" (1561 hectares); 53. Reserved natural boundary "Balka Bolshoi Kastel" (20 hectares).

General information:
The rock became a state nature reserve on February 13, 1989. On the territory of the protected natural site, hunting is temporarily prohibited and the plants are under special protection. The Weeping Rock is located in the gorge of the Western Bulganak River and occupies an area of 21.7 hectares. Belongs to the fourth category The International Union nature protection. The block is approximately 9 meters high. And the length is 110 meters.

According to one of the versions, the origin of the name “Weeping Rock” symbolizes grief over the animals mercilessly killed by man. Once upon a time, a large number of deer lived in the vicinity of Simferopol. But the hunters showed an unrestrained interest in the prey of these animals. One by one, the deer died, and when the last died, the rock began to ooze tears. The task of the reserve is to leave this area in its original and intact form.

The reserve is popular today tourist spot and I am glad to welcome everyone. Flickering light in the morning or evening time on the slopes of the Crimean cliff, along which droplets of running water roll down into the pond, will not leave indifferent any guest. Here you can take stunning photographs for both professional direction and for home collection.

Suvorov oak (Belogorsk district)

"Suvorov Oak" near Belogorsk, under the mountain in the valley of the river. Biyuk-Karasu is a classic Crimean memorial tree.

The Suvorov oak is a monument of wildlife, a witness to the historical events of eight centuries, majestically spread its branches in a wide field in that sacred place of the mountainous Crimea, where the steppes converge with the tops of the mountains. It was here in the second half of the 18th century that the most important historical events that forever changed the fate of Crimea, after which the peninsula became part of Russian Empire... Since then, the oak has been called Suvorovsky in honor of the protagonist of Russia's victory

Classroom hour in the 7th grade

"Reserved places of Crimea"

Target: to acquaint with reserves Crimean peninsula- the beauty of nature, which must be protected to preserve the unique natural heritage future generations.

Tasks:

fostering love for the nature of one's country, a sense of patriotism;
fostering a culture of behavior in reserves and sanctuaries;
expanding the range of environmental knowledge.

Course of the lesson

1. Word of the teacher:

K.G. Paustovsky (1892-1968) wrote:

“There are corners of our earth so beautiful that each visit causes a feeling of happiness, fullness of life, tunes our whole being to an unusually simple and fruitful lyric sound. Such is Crimea ... Everyone who has been to Crimea takes with him ... regret and slight sadness, which evokes memories of childhood, and the hope to see this noon land once again. "

The great Chilean poet Pablo Neruda called Crimea an order on the chest of planet Earth. Not only him, but many others creative people I was fascinated by the beauty of this land, which the gods created for themselves, but then presented to people.

Crimea is an amazing place that aroused admiration among everyone who visited it. He did not leave indifferent many writers, poets and artists who visited here. The delightful nature of Crimea, its turbulent history, multinational culture have inspired many generations of creative people.

Today we will talk about the wealth that is inexhaustible on this fertile land, but at the same time, which requires careful attitude, preservation - we will talk about protected areas Crimea.

Let's turn to explanatory dictionary and see what a nature reserve is?
- The dictionary of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov saysReserve is a reserved area where rare and valuable plants, animals.

Several students in our class found, studied and prepared material in advance for the topic of our class hour.

2. Performances of children.

Crimean reserve.

Crimean reserve is the largest on the Crimean peninsula.

It is among the highest mountain peaks, including such peaks as Chatyr-Dag, Demir-Kapu, Kemal-Egerek and the highest point of Crimea - Mount Roman-kosh.

Across reserve passes Nikitsky pass - the highest pass in Crimea.

The vegetation of the reserve is very rich and varied, there are more than 1200 species. Oak, beech and pine forests occupy the main area of the reserve.

The fauna is represented by more than 200 species of vertebrates. Many of them are included in various conservation books and red lists. But the king of the reserve is a noble Crimean deer.

About 70 species of birds nest on the territory of the reserve. In more remote locations Such rare birds as the griffon vulture and the black vulture nest.

There are 300 springs on the territory of the reserve. The most famous is Savlukh-su, whose water is rich in trace elements, especially silver, which allows the water to be usable for a very long time.

The area is replete with cultural and historical monuments, there are about 80 of them. There are valuable archaeological excavations here.

Magnificent trout ponds are located not far from mountain river Alma.

Crimean reserve is engaged not only in environmental protection and research activities. It is open for excursion and educational tourism.

Yalta Nature Reserve.

Yalta reserve located on the southern slopeCrimean mountains and stretches from Foros to Gurzuf for more than 40 km.

The climate in the lower part is dominated by the Mediterranean, but with an increase in altitude it becomes more moderate. Thereby vegetable world very diverse. Coniferous, oak and beech forests occupy significant areas, but Special attention here it is given to the Crimean pine. Juniper and pistachio trees can also be found in the reserve.

More than 35 species of mammals and about 150 species of birds, more than 20 species of reptiles and amphibians live here. The most common are red deer, roe deer, mouflon, Crimean fox, Crimean weasel, hare.

Reserve open to the public all year round, except for very hot summer months when the fire hazard increases. There are special routes for tourists that pass through interesting natural objects: Ai-Petri teeth, Uchan-Su waterfall, Alimushka, Shishko, Stavri-Kaya rocks.

Climbing the Ai-Petri plateau, you can see a magnificent view of the Crimean coast. You can also climb here by cable car, the lower landing site which is located in Miskhor Not far away there iscave Three-eyed, where one hall is open to the public.

You can ride a horse through the pine-oak forest above Gurzuf; there is a special tourist route for horseback riding.

Yalta reserve – this is another pearl of such a rich and unique Crimea.

Reserve Cape Martyan.

Reserve Cape Martyan located in the south of Crimea, east of Nikitsky botanical garden.

This is the smallestreserve Crimea. It is located on the cape of the same name.

The flora of the reserve numbers more than 530 plant species, 38 of which are included in the Red Book of Ukraine. The main task of nature conservation measures is to preserve a unique corner of the Mediterranean nature (such plants as tall juniper and small-fruited strawberry are of particular value).

The adjacent waters of the Black Sea are also protected. This is the only place where navigation and all types of spearfishing and fishing are prohibited, due to which the number of underwater inhabitants has noticeably increased.

The Black Sea dolphins - common dolphins, bottlenose dolphins, azovka - often come here.

The fauna of the reserve is very rich: 150 species of birds, 18 species of mammals, 70 species of fish, 700 species of insects.

There is an ecological trail in the reserve, along which excursions are conducted.

During the summer season, you can swim on the beach of the reserve.

Tour desks offer excursions toreserve Cape Martyan with a simultaneous visit to the State Nikitsky Botanical Garden - the most popular excursion site in Crimea.

Karadag reserve.

Karadag reserve familiar to many travel lovers as beautiful corner Crimea.

The most important attraction is the only extinct volcano in Europe, Karadag, which has preserved not only traces of weathering, but also traces of the eruption process itself, which took place about 150 million years ago.

Since 1914, there have been scientific work, and in 1979, on the basis of the scientific station, the Karadagreserve , which occupies the territory between the villages of Kurortnoye, Schebetovka and Koktebel.

The fauna and flora of the reserve are very rich, with more than 2500 plants and 5300 animal species. Wild boar, fox, roe deer, squirrel, hedgehog, European hare, stone marten live here.

The water area is inhabited by typical Black Sea inhabitants. On the shores of the reserve, you can meet the Black Sea dolphins Azovka, bottlenose dolphins, and common dolphins.

The coast was chosen by crested cormorants, which form numerous colonies here.

The visit to the reserve is organized along special ecological paths, accompanied by scientific workers.

Rock Island Golden Gate is business card reserve.

Since antiquity, bizarre rocks have excited the imagination, as evidenced by the names, translated from Tatar as the Devil's Mouth and Devil's Finger. Unique landscapes have always attracted travelers and creative people here.

3. Word to the teacher

Crimea is a wonderful corner of generous nature, a museum under open air... The paths of his history are complex and whimsical, when you try to trace them from today- begins to seem as if someone almighty amused this little peninsula, like a precious toy: "But I will do something else with it ... And what will come of it?" ...

Time changes, peoples change, but love for Crimea remains unchanged ... Love for this amazing corner of the Earth.

4. Statements (chain) of the class hour participants:

Crimea is a miniature planet.
Crimea is a splinter of the ancient Ecumene at the very doors of Russia.
Crimea is halfway from the pole to the equator.
Crimea is a combination of all the healing powers of Nature and a reserve of her miracles,
Crimea is the land where all year round, something blooms every day.
Crimea is the arena of the game of all elements - sea, air and underground.
Crimea is a workshop of human genius and a museum of his creations.

Crimean reserve.

Nikitsky pass. Commemorative sign

Crimean noble deer

Vulture griffon Vulture black

Savlukh-Su spring

Yalta Nature Reserve.

Ai-Petri teeth

Uchan-Su waterfall.

Three-Eyed Cave.

Reserve Cape Martyan.

Juniper High.

Dolphins of the Black Sea Little Belobochka Afalina Azovka

Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

Karadag reserve.

Volcano Karadag.

Rock-Island Golden Gate.

Rock Devil's Finger.

Crimea. Crimea is a miniature planet. Crimea is a splinter of the ancient Ecumene at the very doors of Russia. Crimea is halfway from the pole to the equator. Crimea is a combination of all the healing powers of Nature and a reserve of her miracles, Crimea is a land where something blooms every day all year round. Crimea is the arena of the game of all elements - sea, air and underground. Crimea is a workshop of human genius and a museum of his creations. Crimea is a hospitable home, always ready to receive guests.

imperial hunts. At that time, a hunting service was organized for the Tsarist hunting reserve, and on Mount Bolshaya Chuchel, forest areas were allocated for the demonstration of animals brought to the Crimea - Caucasian deer, Dagestan tours and bezoar goats, Corsican mouflons, bison. With the arrival of Soviet power in Crimea, in 1923, a reserve with an area of about 23 thousand hectares was created on the site of the tsarist reserve, a meteorological station appeared here, a laboratory in which scientists conduct their research. During the Great patriotic war The reserve was badly damaged by fires, bison were completely destroyed and almost all the livestock of deer, roe deer and other large animals perished. In 1957, the reserve was transformed into the Crimean State Wildlife Preservation and Hunting Economy. During the times of the Soviet leaders N. S. Khrushchev and L. I. Brezhnev, the former reserve turned into a hunting ground for high-ranking officials not only from the USSR, but also from other countries. The status of the reserve was returned to this territory only in June 1991 by a decree of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR. Currently, it is one of the largest, most interesting and important nature conservation institutions in Russia.

Today we will talk about the wealth that is inexhaustible on this fertile land, but, at the same time, which requires careful attitude, conservation - we will talk about the protected areas of Crimea. rare and valuable plants, animals.

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One lesson 09/20/17 Yakubova L.L.

"Reserved places of Crimea"

Target: to acquaint with the reserves of the Crimean peninsula - the beauty of nature, which must be protected in order to preserve the unique natural heritage for future generations.

Tasks:

fostering love for the nature of one's country, a sense of patriotism;
fostering a culture of behavior in reserves and sanctuaries;
expanding the range of environmental knowledge.

Course of the lesson

1. Word of the teacher:

Today we will talk about the wealth that is inexhaustible on this fertile land, but at the same time, which requires careful attitude, preservation - we will talk about the protected areas of Crimea.

Preserve is the word

Everyone and everyone is familiar.

Animals are guarded in it,

They feed and protect.

Hunting is prohibited here.

Take care here

About forest plants,

Meadow and field,

Reservoirs and swamps.

All nature lives here

Guarded by a person.

Let's turn to the explanatory dictionary and see what a nature reserve is?
- The dictionary of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov saysThe reserve is a reserved area where rare and valuable plants and animals are protected and reproduced.

Crimean reserve.

Crimean reserve is the largest on the Crimean peninsula.

It is among the highest mountain peaks, including such peaks as Chatyr-Dag, Demir-Kapu, Kemal-Egerek and the highest point of Crimea - Mount Roman-kosh.

SLIDE

Across reserve passes Nikitsky pass - the highest pass in Crimea.

The vegetation of the reserve is very rich and varied, there are more than 1200 species. Oak, beech and pine forests occupy the main area of the reserve.

The fauna is represented by more than 200 species of vertebrates. Many of them are included in various conservation books and red lists. But the king of the reserve is a noble Crimean deer.

About 70 species of birds nest on the territory of the reserve. In more distant places such rare birds as griffon vulture and black vulture nest.

There are 300 springs on the territory of the reserve.

SLIDE

The most famous is Savlukh-su, whose water is rich in trace elements, especially silver, which allows the water to be usable for a very long time.

The territory abounds in cultural and historical monuments, there are about 80 of them. There are valuable archaeological excavations here.

Magnificent trout ponds are located not far from the Alma mountain river.

Crimean reserve is engaged not only in environmental protection and research activities. It is open for excursion and educational tourism.

SLIDE

Yalta Nature Reserve.

Yalta reserve located on the southern slopeCrimean mountains and stretches from Foros to Gurzuf for more than 40 km.

The climate in the lower part is dominated by the Mediterranean, but with an increase in altitude it becomes more moderate. Thanks to this, the plant world is very diverse. Coniferous, oak and beech forests occupy significant areas, but special attention is paid to the Crimean pine. Juniper and pistachio trees can also be found in the reserve.

Reserve open to the public all year round, except in the very hot summer months when the fire hazard increases.

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Special routes for tourists have been developed here, which pass through interesting natural objects: the Ai-Petri teeth, the Uchan-Su waterfall, the Alimushka, Shishko, Stavri-Kaya rocks.

Climbing the Ai-Petri plateau, you can see a magnificent view of the Crimean coast. You can also climb here by cable car, the lower landing site of which is in Miskhor

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There is cave Three-eyed, where one hall is open to the public.

You can ride a horse through the pine-oak forest above Gurzuf; there is a special tourist route for horseback riding.

Yalta reserve – this is another pearl of such a rich and unique Crimea.

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Reserve Cape Martyan.

Reserve Cape Martyan located in the south of Crimea, east of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

This is the smallestreserve Crimea. It is located on the cape of the same name.

The flora of the reserve has more than 530 plant species, 38 of which are included in the Red Book. The main task of nature conservation measures is to preserve a unique corner of the Mediterranean nature (such plants as tall juniper and small-fruited strawberry are of particular value).

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The Black Sea dolphins - common dolphins, bottlenose dolphins, azovka - often come here.

The fauna of the reserve is very rich: 150 species of birds, 18 species of mammals, 70 species of fish, 700 species of insects.

There is an ecological trail in the reserve, along which excursions are conducted.

During the summer season, you can swim on the beach of the reserve.

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Tour desks offer excursions toreserve Cape Martyan with a simultaneous visit to the State Nikitsky Botanical Garden - the most popular excursion site in Crimea.

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Karadag reserve.

Karadag reserve is familiar to many travel lovers as the most beautiful corner of Crimea.

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Since 1914, scientific work has been carried out here, and in 1979, on the basis of the scientific station, the Karadagreserve , which occupies the territory between the villages of Kurortnoye, Schebetovka and Koktebel.

The fauna and flora of the reserve are very rich, with more than 2500 plants and 5300 animal species. Wild boar, fox, roe deer, squirrel, hedgehog, European hare, stone marten live here.

The water area is inhabited by typical Black Sea inhabitants. On the shores of the reserve, you can meet the Black Sea dolphins Azovka, bottlenose dolphins, and common dolphins.

The coast was chosen by crested cormorants, which form numerous colonies here.

The visit to the reserve is organized along special ecological paths, accompanied by scientific workers.

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The rock-island Golden Gate is the hallmark of the reserve.

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Crimea is a wonderful corner of generous nature, an open-air museum. Complex and whimsical ways of his history, When you try to trace them from today - it begins to seem as if someone almighty amused this little peninsula, like a precious toy: "But I will do something else with it ... And what will come of it?" ... ...

Time changes, peoples change, but love for Crimea remains unchanged ... Love for this amazing corner of the Earth.

4. Statements (chain) of the class hour participants:

Crimea is a miniature planet.
Crimea is a fragment of the ancient Ecumene at the very doors of Russia. Slide 1

Reserved places of Crimea. One lesson: MUNICIPAL BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION BOGATOV SECONDARY SCHOOL Teacher: Yakubova L.L.

Purpose: to acquaint with the reserves of the Crimean peninsula - the beauty of nature, which must be protected in order to preserve the unique natural heritage for future generations. Tasks: fostering love for the nature of one's country, a sense of patriotism; fostering a culture of behavior in reserves and sanctuaries; expanding the range of environmental knowledge.

Crimean reserve.

Nikitsky pass. Commemorative sign

Savlukh-Su spring

Yalta Nature Reserve.

Ai-Petri teeth

Uchan-Su waterfall.

Three-Eyed Cave.

Reserve Cape Martyan.

Dolphins of the Black Sea Little Belobochka Afalina Azovka

Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

Karadag reserve.

Volcano Karadag.

Rock-Island Golden Gate.

Rock Devil's Finger.

Crimea. Crimea is a miniature planet. Crimea is a combination of all the healing powers of Nature and a reserve of her miracles, Crimea is a land where something blooms every day all year round. Crimea is the arena of the game of all elements - sea, air and underground. Crimea is a workshop of human genius and a museum of his creations. Crimea is a hospitable home, always ready to receive guests.