How to count the number of people on earth. What if the entire population of the Earth is placed in one city? The largest and smallest countries by area and population

Every moment on Earth someone dies or is born. Therefore, it is impossible to say for sure that he lives right now, at this moment. Although the approximate number is established. They even created a script - a special robot for calculating the number of people on Earth on this moment. When asked how many people live on planet Earth as of January 2014, he answers - 7.189 billion. This is confirmed by the calculations of modern statistics.

As soon as a person learned to think, calculate and write, he wanted to count the population and find out how many people there are on Earth. Even in the era of the development of civilization, the first calculations were carried out. The powers that be did this to control the payment of taxes. The population was counted in the city, county, country. The census developed slowly and difficultly. Demographers say there were a billion people on earth as early as the 19th century. Again, the number is approximate. All population figures are based on mathematical calculations and assumptions. Over the past two centuries, the increase has amounted to 600%, that is, more than 6 billion. However, these figures relate to civilized countries, where the birth rate is taken into account. How many people on Earth are real, it's hard to say.

The first more or less accurate data were obtained in the 1960s, after being carried out by most countries. Today this figure has exceeded 7 billion. How is it received? By adding the population of different countries. However, does each state take full responsibility for the census? For example, a country like Ukraine, which seems to be European and civilized, has already postponed the census three times due to lack of funds. Statisticians believe that only a small percentage falls on the unrecorded population. For want of a better one, we have to agree.

The question of how many people were born on Earth in the entire history of mankind was named the most interesting of all proposed by the popular Quest magazine in 2008. Many scientists worked on it, and the numbers were very different. Peter Grunwald, a specialist at the Center for Mathematics and Computer Science in the Netherlands, counted 107 billion, and demographer Karl Haub from the Population Reference Bureau (PRB - Inquiry Office population) gives a figure of 108 billion people. The run is not very big. If we accept these data, then the inhabitants of the planet now make up only 6% of those who lived before. The calculation was carried out from 50,000 BC. e., the moment of the appearance of homo sapiens. By the 1st year. e. There are already 300 million people around the world. In 1650, the population reached half a billion, and in the 19th century, a billion.

How many people on Earth now, we already know. Therefore, in the entire history of existence, the total population of the Earth is 108 billion people. It turns out that the elegant saying of the ancient Romans about those who have gone to another world is still true: "He went to the majority."

Scientists suggest that in 2025 there will already be more than 8 billion people on Earth, and in 2050 - 9.7 billion. has not exhausted its resources. According to S.P. Kapitsa, our planet is capable of feeding both 15 and 25 billion people. When the demographic transition is over, it will be able to balance well below the critical level.

The population of the globe is the total number of people living on Earth and continuously renewing their numbers through the process of reproduction. Today, the planet is inhabited by more than seven billion people.

According to the calculations of a statistician from the Netherlands (Center for Informatics and Mathematics), Peter Grunwald, during the course of the entire history of human development, equal to more than 162 thousand years, more than one hundred and seven and a half billion people were born on Earth. Based on his calculations, it can be assumed that approximately 6% of all people living on the planet before our time are equal to 6.7 billion people living today (2008 data). Grunwald also admits that in the 107.5 billion people born in all time on Earth, one cannot be completely sure, since practically nothing is known about the population and the percentage of births in antiquity. At the same time, the researcher considers incorrect what some scientists claim about living on Earth at the present time. more people than for the entire period of the formation of human history.

Based on estimates of the Earth's agro-natural potential, the planet is able to feed more than 80 billion people, and historically the population could not exceed 100 million people. Before it happened neolithic revolution The earth could not feed more than 3 million people. The UN has set an approximate population limit of 8 billion, at the moment of reaching which, the population of each country will begin to promote the maximum possible birth control, as well as fertility equal to two births per healthy woman.

Demographic projections

Most accurate forecast regarding the population was made by D. Huxley, a biologist from England. Based on his calculations, in 1964 he made a conclusion that states that the world's population will reach 6 billion by the year 2000. The UN Foundation announced that by 1999 the number of people living on Earth had reached 6 billion, and in 2011 - seven billion. The UN predicts a significant population decline from 2015 to 2050 for such countries: Russia, Germany, China, Poland, Romania, Thailand, Ukraine, Serbia, Japan, as well as for the countries of Western, Southeast and East Asia.

General growth trend

In the works of many scientists (H. Foerster, A.V. Korotaev, S.P. Kapitsa, M. Kremer) it is said that the increase in the earth's population over the past six thousand years followed the law of hyperbole, that is, the entire increase in human numbers was equal to proportional to its square. But, judging by the historical chronicle, the population of the planet throughout its history not only increased dramatically, but also became smaller, which was facilitated by destructive wars, long-term conflicts, latest developments in technology and their development. For example, the population of the Middle East over the past 4,000 years has grown at a slow pace (slower than ten times, in general, on the planet).

By the beginning of the 1960s, the main rate of increase in human numbers began to slow down gradually, and another type of population increase, logistical, appeared instead. The rate of natural increase in the number of people inhabiting the world, since 1989, began to decline, which is a consequence of a sharp jump in demographics.

The dynamics of the growth of the population of the entire globe in billions of people from 1000 to the 2000s of our era

At the beginning of our era, there were already 300 million people on the planet, by the end of the first millennium - 400 million, 500 million - 1500, one billion - 1820, 1.6 billion - 1900, three billion - 1960, 5.65 billion - 1993 . At the end of October 1999, the number of people inhabiting the globe reached 6 billion people, 6.3 - in 2003, 6.5 - in 2006, 6.8 - in 2010, at the beginning of November 2011 - 7 billion. In 2015, the population of the earth should be more than 7 billion people.

According to the UN forecast, the world population will be 8.1 billion by 2025, 9 billion by 2050, and 10 billion by 2100.

Until the seventies, the number of people inhabiting the Earth grew, according to the law of hyperbole, today the growth rate has noticeably decreased. According to demographic studies, the population is still growing rapidly, despite the fact that its growth has already become half as much as in 1963 (at which time the peak value of growth was reached).

Over the past 11 years (from 1994 to 2015), the number of elderly people has doubled, worldwide there are significantly more of them than children under the age of 5 (according to the latest data provided by the UN).

For the first time, during the formation of all human history, the number of people living in the city became equal to the number living in villages and villages, which amounted to 3.4 billion. It is also predicted that the largest part of the population living on the globe will be city dwellers, which is confirmed by the latest data.

By 2050, more of the world's population will live in Asia, ¼ in Africa, 8.2% in Latin America, 7.4% - in Europe, 4.7% - in North America.

by the most major state in terms of population is China, but, guided by UN forecasts, India will also reach overpopulation by 2025. Until the beginning of 1991, the USSR occupied the third place in terms of population, after it collapsed, this place was taken by the USA (at the end of 2006, the population was equal to 300 million people), the fourth place was occupied by Indonesia, the fifth by Brazil, the sixth by Pakistan, seventh - Bangladesh, eighth - Nigeria, ninth - Russia.

According to CIA estimates, in mid-summer 2013, the number of people inhabiting the planet was 7,095,217,980.

The population of planet Earth in 2015

At the beginning of 2014, the UN Commission made a statement, which spoke of the achievement of the earth's population of 7.2 billion people, and in 2015 the population of the earth is planned to be about 7.3 - 7.4 billion people.

Population of the countries of the world and Russia in 2015

Many experts believe that at present there is a threat of overpopulation of the Earth, which will lead to mass starvation. It will be aggravated by a global ecological catastrophe. Therefore, urgent measures are needed, thanks to which it would be possible to regulate the number of people. But before you do anything, you need to ask yourself: how many people can live on Earth?

For all living organisms inhabiting our planet, the same environmental law. It consists of the following phases, following each other - explosion, a crisis, collapse, stabilization. Any living species, once in a favorable environment, dramatically increase their numbers. This is the explosion. But great amount individuals begin to destroy the habitat. Therefore, a crisis occurs, followed by a collapse. It is expressed in a catastrophic decline in the population to more low level than it was originally. During the collapse environment is restored, and the population increases to a reasonable level. This is followed by stabilization. Humanity is currently in a phase of crisis.

It should be noted that there are 3 periods of increase in the number of people. The first period refers to the end of the Pleistocene (2.6 million years - 11.7 thousand years ago). It was characterized by the resettlement of tribes engaged in hunting throughout the globe. The second period was observed 9 thousand years ago, when mankind mastered agriculture. The population of the Earth then increased 20 times. And the third period is associated with the industrial revolution. This process has not died out today, but is only gaining momentum. At the same time, the population of the Earth increased by 30 times. The area of ​​cultivated land has increased by 3 times, and the yield by 7 times.

10 million people lived on our planet 10 thousand years ago. By the beginning of our era, there were already 200 million people. By the middle of the 17th century, when the industrial revolution began, the planet was inhabited by 500 million people. IN early XIX century was already 1 billion, and at the beginning of the 20th century 2 billion. At the beginning of 2016, 7.3 billion people lived on Earth. The population is growing by 2% every year. It took 200,000 years for humanity to reach the first billion. The second billion was achieved in 100 years, and the third in just 40. The fourth billion in 15 years, and the fifth in 10.

Humanity is now doubling every 35 years. And the amount of food doubles every 30 years. This is the main indicator of our existence. But it does not increase by itself, but due to the development of new lands. And every year it becomes more and more difficult to ensure the growth of the crop. We should also not forget about electricity and water, which are needed more and more. As a result, resources are depleted and natural natural environment is destroyed. Stocks of coal, oil, gas, mineral raw materials are used to the limit. But these stocks are not renewed in any way.

Therefore, the current unlimited well-being is finite in time. It will end as habitats are destroyed, food production drops, and then the population is reduced to a level that the remaining resources can provide.

Ecologists answer this question quite definitely, since the biosphere exists according to simple law. He relates the size of organic food-consuming species to their abundance. the main role in the flows of energy and substances is given to small organisms. But the big ones play only a supporting role. Therefore, the main consumers in the biosphere are arthropods, molluscs, and worms. Wild vertebrates, which include amphibians, reptiles, mammals, birds, consume only 1% of the biosphere's production.

A person with pets must be part of the group of wild vertebrates, that is, consume less than 1%. But modern humanity consumes 7% of the production of the biosphere. That is much more than it should be. As a result, all biospheric patterns are violated. And how many people can live on Earth?

Here we must understand that the biosphere is a self-regulating system. Therefore, it seeks to return the population to normal levels. It is 25 times lower than modern, that is, it is about 300 million people. And this is for the entire planet. A maximum of 500 million people can live on Earth, but not 7, 8 or 10 billion. That is why the productivity of valuable ecosystems is falling, dying people need animals and disappear necessary plants. All this is connected with the self-regulation of the biosphere, which seeks to limit the number of mankind.

The population of the Earth in million people

What will the collapse be like?

A decrease in the population of the Earth will certainly occur, since the biosphere will not allow its destruction. But this can happen in different scenarios. First scenario which is still working in some countries is hunger. Today, only 500 million people on the planet are well-nourished, and 2 billion are regularly undernourished. Every year, 20 million people die of hunger, and the human population during the same time increases by an order of magnitude.

If there are 200 million people dying of hunger a year, then population growth will stop. And if the number of dying increases even more, then the population will begin to decline. But this is a terrible and inhuman process. He will bring so much grief that it is even scary to think.

Second scenario purely political. It is connected with a nuclear catastrophe. There will be a world conflict over non-renewable resources, and a nuclear war will break out. It is capable of destroying all of humanity altogether, leaving only a few sentient beings. And then civilization will begin to revive in a new way. And this can take thousands of years.

Third scenario designed for human consciousness. The governments of the states will impose restrictions on the birth rate, which will lead to a decrease in the population. However, this development of events raises serious doubts, since so far birth control in some countries has not led to the desired results.

Fourth scenario connected directly with our planet. To save herself, she can weaken the Earth's magnetic field. In this case, we will be defenseless against the solar plasma. It will burn everything, but nature will quickly recover, but humanity will be almost completely destroyed. This scenario is similar to nuclear war, only the Earth itself is the initiator here.

There are also fifth scenario. In this case, the biosphere will begin to give people signals at a subconscious level. They will act on the mechanisms responsible for fertility, and humanity will begin to respond to them. This will be expressed in a natural decrease in population growth, as occurs in many species of animals. But here it should be understood that a person has long been cut off from nature, and therefore may not perceive the corresponding signals entering the subconscious. Who knows, maybe they are already on the way, but only a few react to them.

In a word, the situation is not very rosy. We learned how many people can live on Earth, and also realized that the current population has long overcome all norms. It remains to wait for further developments, since this situation cannot continue forever. Let's hope that humanity will painlessly get out of such a sensitive and critical situation..

Every year, the UN Foundation analyzes statistics, thereby calculating the number of people living on the planet. The results obtained are based on the facts and results of various institutions that are working to solve the problem of population.

According to preliminary estimates, about 7.5 billion people live in 2018. But these data may still change in one direction or another. But the UN presented precisely these figures as accurate as possible.

The total number of people is given in absolute terms, which can indicate the approximate or exact number of people in the different countries for some specific period of time. Only the number of people living on earth can tell about the demographic situation in the world, that is, there is an increase or decrease.

IN without fail all indicators are taken into account after international organizations finish the calculation, it is these organizations that carry out the analytical calculation and display statistical data. Final tally total people in all countries are produced by the UN fund.

It is worth saying that according to statistics, the total population in the world in 2018 will be more than 7.5 billion people. This figure is increasing every year, which indicates an increase in the number of people. But, unfortunately, this figure is not increasing in all countries, there are a number of countries in which this indicator decreases all the time, that is, there is a demographic decline.

According to the very first statistics, what to calculate the total number, how many people live on the planet , could in 1820, then this figure reached 1 billion. This number began to grow, and by the end of 2011 reached its maximum figure, 7 billion people live on earth. In 2018, the figures exceeded seven and a half billion, and if nothing happens demographic situations, then by the beginning of 2024 the world population will be able to reach 8 billion.

Countries - leaders in terms of population

So after all, how many people live on planet Earth and who are the main heavyweight countries? Among all countries, leaders stand out, that is, those states where the population is the largest among all the others, these include:

• China;
• India;
• Indonesia;
• Brazil.

But besides the leading countries, there are countries where minimal amount people, and every year the number continues to decrease. These include Monaco, Nauru, Palau, San Marino and Tuvalu.

Organizations that determine the population have put an exact figure on how many people live on Earth, and summed up the total for the beginning of 2018 - the number is about 7.5 billion people. The figure that they indicated should grow every year by 88 million, theoretically this is possible, but only if there are no demographic catastrophes in the world that will lead to a decline in population.

For the correct calculation of the population, there are basic indicators on the basis of which it occurs:

• The total number of newborns for last year- statistics, every year about 146.5 million children are born in the world.
• The total number of people who have died is much lower than the number of people born, with about 58 million people dying each year.

As a result, taking into account the above data, there is a natural increase of approximately 88.5 million people in the world. The number of people living on earth is now quite large, among them the male half, there are only about 3.6 billion people, but there are slightly more women, about 3.7 billion people.

At the moment, the total number of people living on the planet is very positive data. Every year there is an increase in population in large states. The birth rate greatly exceeded the death rate, such a factor is very positive. If we make more thorough results, we can say that in 24 hours about 407 thousand children are born into the world, and only 160 thousand people die.

In the growth of the total number of people, a significant role is played by the duration of human life. According to statistics over the past few years, the average life span is 70 years, that is, it has increased by 5 years. But do not forget that the territorial location of the country also plays an important role in life expectancy statistics, for example, in Africa a person lives less than in other countries by 12 years. But analysts still noticed an increase in life in many regions and countries in the world.

Statisticians also identified the most common causes of death among the population. There is a logical theory that the most common cause of death in the world are serious and severe diseases. There are five diseases that are at the top of the causes of high mortality:

• Diseases of the heart and vascular system;
• Acute diseases of the lower respiratory tract;
• Chronic diseases of the lung system;
• Diabetes.

As a result, we can say that the population will grow if this is not prevented by demographic crises.

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How many people have lived on earth or even been born at all is an intriguing question that can be justified, at least in part, on a scientific basis.
In order to evaluate and for it to be true, one must understand that childbirth, the survival of infants both at the beginning of the 20th century and now in the 21st century are not the same as they were in the past.

It is known that a large number of elderly people born in the middle of the last century are now living.

However, the number of prehistoric people, or how many people lived on earth since a high degree probabilities can be determined.

How many people have ever lived on earth?

Any estimate of the total number of people who have ever been born will mainly depend on two factors: the length of time people have lived on Earth and the average size of the human population at different periods.

Fixing the time when humanity actually came into existence is not simple question. Various ancestors of Homo sapiens ( Homo sapiens) appear to have appeared at least 700,000 years ago with brains as large as 900 cm 3 . Certainly, great apes have walked the earth for millions of years.

Growth rate of world population

According to the United Nations, the determinants for the consequences of demographic trends in modern Homo sapiens appeared around 50,000 BC. This long period of 50,000 years is the key to the question of how many people have lived on earth.

At dawn Agriculture around 8000 BC, the world population was somewhere in the order of 5 million. Slow population growth over the period from about 5 million to 300 million per year. 8000 years have been very low growth - only 0.0512 percent per year. In different regions, the number was different and deviated as a reaction to the vagaries of nature, military operations, changes in weather and climatic conditions, hunger.

In any case, people's lives were short and probably average life expectancy has been around 10 years for most of human history. Grade medium duration life in France of the Iron Age was, for example, according to scientists, only 10 - 12 years. Under these conditions, a birth rate of about 80 per 1000 people is determined just to survive. Today high level a birth rate of about 45-50 per 1000 population is observed only in a few countries in Africa and in a few countries in the Middle East with a young population.

The birth rate assumption significantly affects the estimate of the number of people how many people lived in total on earth. Infant mortality in early human history is thought to have been very high - perhaps 500 deaths per 1,000 births or even higher. Children were probably a liability among hunter-gatherer societies and the fact that this most likely led to the practice of infanticide. In these circumstances, disproportionate a large number of childbirth will be required to support the growth of the world's population, and this will raise the estimated number of "how many people lived on earth".

Until the 1st century BC, the world may have consisted of 300 million people. According to one estimate of the population of the Roman Empire from Spain to Asia Minor - 45 million.

In 1650, the world's population had grown to about 500 million, a slight increase since the 1st century BC. The average annual growth rate of the earth's population in the Middle Ages was actually lower than BC. One of the reasons for this abnormally slow growth was the Black Death. This terrible plague was not limited to 14th century Europe. The epidemic began around 542 in Western Asia and spread slowly from there. It is believed that half Byzantine Empire was destroyed in the VI century, a total of 100 million deaths. Such large fluctuations in population greatly exacerbate the difficulty of estimating the number of people who have ever lived. Diseases did not lead to natural.

By 1800, however, the world's population had passed the 1 billion mark and has continued to rise since then to the current UN number on October 31, 2011 of 7 billion.

How many people lived on earth in total requires choosing a time interval from antiquity to the present and applying the number of births for each period.

What determines the growth rate of the number of people on Earth

One of the complicating factors in the number of people is the growth rate of the world's population. They rise from certain level and then change dramatically in response to hunger and climate change? Or do they grow at a constant rate from one point in time to another? Scientists cannot know the answers to these questions, although paleontologists have produced a number of theories. To support this hypothesis, constant growth was assumed to apply to every period up to the present. Birth rates were set at 80 per 1000 per year BC. and 60 per 1000 in the Middle Ages. The birth rate then declined in the middle of the last century below 40 per 1,000 people and even lower in modern period. The truth is growing.

This semi-scientific approach gives an estimate of about 108 billion births at the dawn of the human race.

Obviously, the period 8000 BC. BC. is the key to the extent of the definition, but unfortunately little is known about that era. Some aspects, or perhaps almost all aspects, are conjectures and one approach to this question is not achievable. Conditions for the constant growth of the world's population in more than early period may underestimate the quantity at the time. And, of course, timing the evolutionary consequences of humanity on the planet about 50,000 years ago is also probabilistic.

Thus, the estimate is determined that about 6.5% of all people ever born are alive today. This is actually quite a large percentage with such an "old" Earth.