IN GC changes have been made, according to which a new type of non-profit organizations - a community of indigenous peoples - has received legislative consolidation Russian Federation.

Art. 69 The Constitution of the Russian Federation established that the Russian Federation guarantees the rights of indigenous small peoples in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms of international law and international agreements.

For the first time, such a variety of non-profit organizations was mentioned in the Law on Non-Profit Organizations. Yes, in paragraph 4 of Art. 6.1 The Law on Non-Commercial Organizations states that the specifics of the legal status of communities of small peoples, their creation, reorganization and liquidation, management of communities of small peoples are determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation on communities of small peoples.

In the development of these provisions Constitution RF and law The following legal acts have been adopted on non-profit organizations: the federal law dated April 30, 1999 N 82-FZ "On guarantees of the rights of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation", the federal law dated July 20, 2000 N 104-FZ "On the general principles of organizing communities of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and Far East Russian Federation", the federal law dated May 7, 2001 N 49-FZ "On the territories of traditional nature management of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation". At the same time, it is fundamental the federal law dated April 30, 1999 N 82-FZ, which sets out the guarantees of the rights of indigenous peoples in the most complete way.

The need for special legal status for the indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation is primarily due to the fact that such peoples, in addition to being small in number, live in extreme climatic conditions providing negative impact on the human body. Labor activity of these peoples in the traditional and practically the only possible areas of economic activity for them is significantly and constantly hampered by the reduction of those that are at their disposal and are the source of their existence natural resources. The impact of such negative factors can lead to their complete extinction. In this regard, it is necessary to adopt special legal acts providing for additional measures of their legal protection.

According to Art. 123.16 The Civil Code of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Federation recognizes voluntary associations of citizens belonging to the indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation and united by consanguinity and (or) territorial-neighbourhood in order to protect the original habitat, preserve and develop traditional ways of life, management, crafts and culture .

The founders of communities of small peoples can only be persons belonging to small peoples who have reached the age of 18 years. The number of founders cannot be less than three.

Foreign citizens and stateless persons cannot be founders of communities of small peoples.

Legal entities cannot be founders.

Organs state power of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies, their officials cannot be founders of communities of small peoples.

Members of a community of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation have the right to receive part of its property or compensation for the value of such a part upon leaving the community or its liquidation in the manner prescribed by law.

A community of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation, by decision of its members, may be transformed into an association (union) or an autonomous non-profit organization.

In turn, the definition of indigenous peoples is given in Art. one Federal Law of April 30, 1999 N 82-FZ "On Guarantees of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Federation", according to which the indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation are peoples living in the territories of the traditional settlement of their ancestors, preserving their traditional way of life, economic activity and crafts, numbering less than 50 thousand people in the Russian Federation and realizing themselves as independent ethnic communities.

The Unified List of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Federation is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in whose territories these peoples live ( Decree Government of the Russian Federation of March 24, 2000 N 255 established such Scroll).

Members of the community have the right to receive a part of its property or compensation for the value of such a part when they leave the community of small peoples or when it is liquidated. The procedure for determining a part of the property of a community of small peoples or compensation for the cost is established by law.

It's no secret that Russia is a multinational state with more than 100 nationalities. Each nation has its own traditions and culture, which are protected at the state level.

However, some peoples are so small that their very existence is threatened. And therefore the state introduces various mechanisms that help to preserve the authenticity of small peoples.

The concept of the community of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation

One of the duties of the state is to protect all citizens who live on its territory. Considering the fact that in Russia there is great amount nationalities with a variety of cultural and linguistic traditions, the state protects the authenticity of the peoples of Russia and contributes to the development of their self-consciousness.

As statistics show, about 40 nationalities live in Russia, the number of which hardly exceeds 30 thousand people. The protection of such small peoples is a major milestone public policy. That is why in 1990 the public organization "Association of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Federation" was organized.

The concept of a community of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation is often mentioned in regulatory documents.

In fact, these are non-profit public organizations that deal with human rights issues and are official representatives of the small nations that live in our country.

Thanks to this structure, indigenous peoples have the opportunity to adhere to their traditional way of life, in every possible way to develop and increase their cultural characteristics.

Territorially small indigenous peoples are concentrated in the northern part of the country, Siberia and the Far East. After in Soviet years the number of indigenous peoples declined sharply, the state took up their protection.

Most of the representatives of these nationalities live within the boundaries of compact settlements and are engaged in traditional crafts.

Article 69 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation provides that the rights of indigenous peoples with a small number of representatives are observed in full. Many issues are devoted to the protection of small nationalities. regulations which regulate the policy of the state towards citizens.

Indigenous communities are social structures that do not aim at making a profit, and exist on charitable contributions, voluntary donations from citizens and government financial support.

Signs and types of the community of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation

The indigenous peoples of Russia are classified depending on the language group, and the number of representatives.

In general, among the indigenous peoples, the following main groups are distinguished:

Peoples of Northern Russia;
Far Eastern peoples;
Altai peoples;
West and East Siberian authentic communities.

Indigenous peoples live in their traditional places of congregation. The state guarantees them a certain degree of autonomy and the ability to maintain the foundations of life that are special to them. In addition, small nationalities are engaged in traditional activities (fishing, animal husbandry, agriculture).

In accordance with the current legislative regulations, all ethnic groups, the number of representatives of which does not exceed 40 thousand people, are classified as indigenous peoples. At the same time, it should be noted that the indigenous peoples are unevenly distributed over the territory of Siberia and the Far East.

Territory and original habitat, places of traditional residence and economic activity of small peoples

The territories where small nationalities are traditionally settled are officially approved by the Government of Russia. At the same time, the state guarantees that the indigenous representatives of small nations will have the full opportunity to lead a cultural life and engage in those activities that are considered traditional for them.

In particular, the list of traditional occupations for small peoples includes:

Nomadic livestock breeding (breeding of deer, yaks and horses) and processing of livestock products;
Hunting for fur-bearing animals and making fur products;
Crop production, in particular agriculture, cultivation of agricultural crops, medicinal plants and berries;
Gathering (harvesting, processing and sale of products of forest origin);
Folk crafts and arts and crafts (embroidery, weaving from herbs and leather, processing of fur, bones and other materials).

As statistics show, a significant majority of the indigenous population of Siberia and the Far East traditionally settle in those places where their ancestors previously lived. Therefore, on the map of the country you can find whole settlements in which the absolute majority of the population belongs to indigenous peoples.

Establishment of a community of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation

In accordance with current legislation, a community that unites small peoples and sets itself the goal of protecting their authenticity should be social structure non-commercial purpose.

It is worth noting that anyone can establish such a structure, however, with some exceptions:

subjects foreign states and stateless persons;
Legal entities;
State and municipal authorities.

In addition, foreign commercial and non-profit organizations but they can still finance the community through voluntary contributions and donations.

The community being created without fail must be registered with the government authorities.

It is worth noting that in order for the registration process to go smoothly, the following rules must be observed:

The number of community members must be more than 2 people;
All members of the organization must sign the statutory documentation;
The community must have an official name, indicating the location and the main type of management.

Property of the community of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation

Taking into account the fact that a community uniting indigenous peoples cannot be a commercial structure, all of its property consists of charitable contributions, donations and other financial assistance.

The state determines that when registering a community, all its members must form a charter in which it will be noted what property they contribute as their entrance fees. The property can be both in monetary terms and in in kind(real estate, transport, furniture and interior items, etc.).

By law, all property belongs to the community itself.

However, if a situation arises when one of the members of the organization decides to leave its ranks, his share, which was paid by him as an entrance fee, will be returned to him in full in monetary terms or in kind.

It is worth noting that despite the fact that the community of minorities is not a commercial structure, it can contribute to the sale of goods produced by indigenous peoples.

The profit received will be distributed among the members of the community, or transferred to the authorized capital of the organization with the appropriate division into shares.

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How long will it take to register TSCMNS?

How long will it take to register the MOSCMNS and is it possible to become a chairman at the age of 17, if you can join from 16?

Danila 21.05.2019 15:20

Hello! According to Art. 26 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation nminors aged fourteen to eighteen years have the right independently, without the consent of their parents, adoptive parents and guardian:dispose of their earnings, scholarships and other income;exercise the rights of the author of a work of science, literature or art, an invention or other legally protected result of his intellectual activity;in accordance with the law, make deposits to credit organizations and dispose of them;make petty household transactions and other transactions provided for by paragraph 2 of Article 28 of this Code. That is, a minor cannot become chairman, for this you need to be declared fully capable.

Pchelintseva Marina Vladimirovna 19.06.2019 16:20

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Yes that's right.

Kolpakova Galina Yurievna 20.06.2019 12:30

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How to register a community of small peoples of the Russian Federation?

how to write an application for opening a non-profit organization of small peoples

Anatoly 24.12.2018 12:39

Good afternoon!
In accordance with Art. 6.1 of the Federal Law of January 12, 1996 No. 7-FZ, communities of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the community of indigenous peoples) recognize forms of self-organization of persons belonging to indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation and united by consanguinity (family, clan) and (or) territorial neighborly principles, in order to protect their original habitat, preserve and develop traditional ways of life, economic activity, crafts and culture.
According to Art. 8 of the Federal Law of July 20, 2000 No. 104-FZ, communities of small peoples are organized on a voluntary basis at the initiative of persons belonging to small peoples who have reached the age of 18 years. The will to join the community of small peoples must be expressed in the form of a written statement or in the form of an entry in the minutes of the general meeting (gathering) of members of the community of small peoples (meeting of authorized representatives of small peoples).
Sample documents for registration of non-profit organizations can be found at this link: https://minjust.ru/ru/obrazcy-zapolneniya-dokumentov

26.12.2018 10:22

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If necessary, the “Legal Group of the Free Legal Advice Service” will draw up all documents, complaints and statements for you. Our address: Moscow, Staropimenovskiy pereulok, 18..html Our contacts: website/kontakty.html

Fedorova Lyubov Petrovna 27.12.2018 08:23

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non-profit organizations, Communities kmn rf

The purpose of the activities of the communities of kmn of the Russian Federation, enshrined in law? Responsibility of the Communities of kmn of the Russian Federation, enshrined in law?

Tamerlane 12.11.2018 21:17

Hello! These issues are regulated by the Federal Law "On general principles organizations of communities of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation". We invite you to the office for a consultation, where our specialists will answer all questions in more detail. For a 50 percent discount on a consultation - Promo code - "Free legal advice service".

Alexandrov Alexander Mikhailovich 13.11.2018 11:11

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Yes that's right.

Saybotalov Vadim Vladimirovich 14.11.2018 15:00

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limitations

what could be the disadvantages of a non-profit organization in the form of communities of indigenous peoples?

Anastasia 13.10.2018 16:08

Good afternoon! According to Article 6 of the Federal Law "On the general principles of organizing communities of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation", the organization and activities of communities of small peoples for other purposes, except for the purposes indicated by this Federal Law, the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the constituent documents of the relevant minority communities. The advantages include Art. 8 of the Federal Law, state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, their officials are not entitled to interfere in the activities of communities of small peoples, unions (associations) of communities of small peoples, with the exception of cases provided for by federal legislation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Federation. Actions of state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies, their officials that violate the independence of communities of small peoples, unions (associations) of communities of small peoples, may be appealed in the manner established by federal legislation. Also, according to Article 13 of the Federal Law, members of the community of small peoples are liable for the obligations of the community of small peoples within their share of the property of the community of small peoples. We invite you to the office for a consultation, where our specialists will answer all your questions in more detail. For a 50 percent discount on a consultation - Promo code - "Free Legal Advice Service".

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Yurenev Vitaly Anatolievich 13.10.2018 21:43

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Yes that's right.

Valuev Igor Vladimirovich 14.10.2018 14:22

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Application for membership in the community of small indigenous peoples

How to write an application for joining the territorial-neighboring community of indigenous peoples of the Far East?

Xenia 13.08.2018 17:32

Hello! An application for joining the community of indigenous peoples is written in free form. You can write something like this: Please accept in territorial-neighboring community of indigenous peoples of the Far East full name, according to paragraph 1 of Art. 8 Federal Law No. 104-FZ of July 20, 2000 (as amended on June 27, 2018) "On the General Principles of Organizing Communities of Indigenous Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation". Number, signature.

Fedorova Lyubov Petrovna 14.09.2018 21:50

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Galina 11/20/2018 05:24

The law says that the community is subject to mandatory registration. Is it possible to apply to the local government of the local settlement?

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Dubrovina Svetlana Borisovna 20.11.2018 07:57

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Yes, that's right, I agree with my colleague

Dubrovina Svetlana Borisovna 15.09.2018 08:30

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The concept of the enterprise, its features. Modern organizational forms of business entities. Communities of indigenous peoples of Russia. The procedure for opening non-profit organizations. The procedure for terminating the community of indigenous peoples.

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Ministry of Education and Science of the Amur Region

SPOAU "Amur College of Construction and Housing and Communal Services"

By discipline: Economics of the organization

On the topic: "Organizational - legal forms enterprises. Communities of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Federation”

Completed by: Plugar S.S.

Student group SE-31

Checked by: Mukhanova T.V.

Blagoveshchensk 2015

1. The concept of the enterprise, its features

An enterprise is an independent economic entity created (established) in accordance with the current legislation for the production of products, performance of work or provision of services in order to meet public needs and make a profit.

After state registration, the enterprise is recognized as a legal entity and can participate in economic turnover. It has the following signs:

the enterprise must have separate property in its ownership, economic management or operational management;

the enterprise is liable with its property for the obligations that arise in its relations with creditors, including to the budget;

· the enterprise acts in economic circulation on its own behalf and has the right to conclude all types of civil law contracts with legal entities and individuals;

the company has the right to be a plaintiff and a defendant in court;

the company must have an independent balance sheet and timely submit the established government bodies reporting;

The enterprise must have its own name, containing an indication of its organizational and legal form. Enterprises can be classified in many ways:

by appointment finished products enterprises are divided into producing means of production and producing consumer goods;

On the basis of technological commonality, an enterprise with continuous and discrete production processes is distinguished;

On the basis of size, enterprises are divided into large, medium and small;

· According to the specialization and scale of production of the same type of products, enterprises are divided into specialized, diversified and combined.

By types of production process, enterprises are divided into enterprises with a single type of production, serial, mass, experimental.

Distinguish according to the characteristics of activity industrial enterprises, trade, transport and others.

· According to the forms of ownership, private enterprises, collective, state, municipal and joint enterprises (enterprises with foreign investments) are distinguished.

2. Organizational forms of enterprises

In accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the following organizational forms of commercial enterprises can be created in Russia: business partnerships and companies (communities), production cooperatives, state and municipal unitary enterprises.

Economic partnerships and companies (communities):

general partnership;

limited partnership (limited partnership);

society with limited liability,

company with additional liability;

· joint-stock company (open and closed).

3. Communities of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation

community of indigenous russia non-profit

According to Art. 6.1 of the Law on Non-Commercial Organizations, communities of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation recognize forms of self-organization of persons belonging to indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation and united according to consanguinity (family, clan) and (or) territorial-neighborly principles, in order to protect their original habitat, preserve and development of traditional way of life, management, crafts and culture.

In turn, the definition of indigenous peoples is given in Art. 1 of the Federal Law of April 30, 1999 N 82-FZ "On Guarantees of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Federation", according to which the indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation are peoples living in the territories of the traditional settlement of their ancestors, preserving their traditional way of life, economic activity and crafts , numbering in the Russian Federation less than 50 thousand people and realizing themselves as independent ethnic communities.

The Unified List of Indigenous Minorities of the Russian Federation is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in whose territories these peoples live (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 24, 2000 N 255 established such a List).

The need for a special legal status for the indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation is primarily due to the fact that such peoples, in addition to being small in number, live in extreme climatic conditions that have a negative impact on the human body. The labor activity of these peoples in the traditional and practically the only possible areas of economic activity for them is significantly and constantly hampered by the reduction of the natural resources at their disposal and being the source of their existence. The impact of such negative factors can lead to their complete extinction. In this regard, it is necessary to adopt special legal acts providing for additional measures of their legal protection.

Such peoples are characterized by such concepts as a traditional way of life, that is, a historically established way of life support based on the historical experience of their ancestors in the field of nature management, original social organization residence, original culture, preservation of customs and beliefs, and the original habitat - a historically established area within which small peoples carry out cultural and everyday activities and which affects their self-identification, lifestyle.

The creation of such an organizational and legal form of legal entities as a community of indigenous peoples is due to the need to represent their interests, as well as to act in civil circulation. Unofficially similar organizations existed before. However, they could not register as legal entities, since the state registration authorities refused to register communities of small peoples on the grounds that civil law does not provide for such organizational and legal forms of legal entities.

It should be noted that the right to create communities of indigenous peoples is also mentioned in the Law on Guarantees of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Federation, and in other legal acts. So, in paragraph 1 of Art. 8 of the Federal Law of July 20, 2000 N 104-FZ "On the General Principles of Organizing Communities of Indigenous Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation" states that communities of small peoples are organized on a voluntary basis at the initiative of persons belonging to small peoples, who have reached the age of 18. The will to join the community of small peoples must be expressed in the form of a written statement or in the form of an entry in the minutes of the general meeting (gathering) of members of the community of small peoples (meeting of authorized representatives of small peoples).

Communities of small peoples are organized without limiting the period of activity, unless otherwise established by the constituent documents of the community.

The constituent documents of the community of small peoples are:

· memorandum of association;

The constituent agreement is concluded by the founders of the community of small peoples, and the charter is approved by the general meeting (gathering) of the members of the community (clause 3, article 8 of the Federal Law of July 20, 2000 N 104-FZ).

According to paragraph 1 of Art. 3 of the Law on non-profit organizations, a non-profit organization is considered established as a legal entity from the moment of its state registration in the manner prescribed by law. However, in paragraph 3 of Art. 8 of the Federal Law of July 20, 2000 N 104-FZ says that from the moment a decision is made to organize a community of small peoples, it is considered created. At the same time, the created community of small peoples is subject to mandatory state registration. After state registration, the community of small peoples acquires the rights legal entity.

It seems that the wording of the Law on Non-Commercial Organizations is more clear, since it directly links the moment of the creation of a community with its state registration. The Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation is the body responsible for the state registration of communities of indigenous peoples.

As in the case of other non-profit organizations, the main goal of the community of indigenous peoples is to achieve socially useful goals. In particular, such a socially beneficial goal, as noted in the above definition, is the protection of their original habitat, the preservation and development of traditional ways of life, management, crafts and culture.

As with other non-profit organizations, in this case there is a rule according to which a community of small peoples has the right to carry out entrepreneurial activities that correspond to the goals for which it was created. Such entrepreneurial activity is mainly related to their traditional occupations - hunting, reindeer herding, fishing, etc. In this regard, it is obvious that the communities of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation must be given the status of a legal entity and the appropriate organizational and legal form be fixed.

4. Procedure for terminating an indigenous community

The procedure for terminating a community of indigenous peoples and the fate of its property after termination has a certain specificity. By general rule, established in paragraph 1 of Art. 20 of the Law on Non-Commercial Organizations, upon liquidation of a non-commercial organization, the property remaining after the satisfaction of creditors' claims is directed in accordance with the constituent documents of the non-commercial organization for the purposes for which it was created, and (or) for charitable purposes. If the use of the property of a liquidated non-profit organization in accordance with its constituent documents is not possible, it shall be turned into state revenue.

As for the community of small peoples, its members have the right to receive part of its property or compensation for the value of such a part when they leave the community of small peoples or when it is liquidated (clause 3, article 22 of the Federal Law of July 20, 2000 N 104-FZ ). Thus, the procedure is similar to the procedure for terminating business companies and partnerships, when their participants have the right to receive part of the property. The presence of such a rule is obviously due to the fact that the property of a community of small peoples may be property transferred by members of the community as a contribution (contribution) during the organization of the community (clause 1, article 17 of the Federal Law of July 20, 2000 N 104-ФЗ ). At the same time, the procedure for determining a part of the property of a community of small peoples or compensation for the cost of this part is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation on communities of small peoples.

List of used literature

1. Federal Law "On non-profit organizations". Article 6.1. Communities of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Federation dated 01.12.2007 N 300-FZ

2. Federal Law No. 104-FZ of July 20, 2000 (as amended on February 2, 2006) “On the General Principles for Organizing Communities of Indigenous Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation”

3. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 17, 2006 N 536-r (as amended on May 18, 2010) “On approval of the list of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation”

4. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 08.05.2009 N 631-r "On approval of the list of places of traditional residence and traditional economic activities of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation and the list of types of traditional economic activities of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation"

5. Kryazhkov V. The status of autonomous regions: evolution and problems // Russian Federation. 2006. N 2. S. 49.

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Legal advice under Art. 6.1 of the Law on non-profit organizations

Tamara Danilova

HELP how much% is the pension taken for insurance and funded, if the sum is over 600,000 rubles

Lawyer's response:
Tax Code of the Russian Federation Article 241. Tax Rates Federal Law No. 158-FZ of December 6, 2005 reworded Clause 1 of Article 241 of this Code, which shall enter into force on January 1, 2006, but not earlier than one month after the official publication of the said Federal Law, and extending to legal relations that arose from January 1, 20061. For the taxpayers specified in subparagraph 1 of paragraph 1 of Article 235 of this Code, with the exception of taxpayers acting as employers - organizations and individual entrepreneurs having the status of a resident of a technology and innovation special economic zone and making payments to individuals working on the territory of the technology-innovative special economic zone, agricultural producers, organizations of folk art crafts and tribal, family communities of indigenous peoples of the North, engaged in traditional industries, the following tax rates are applied: The tax base for each individual is accruing total since the beginning of the yearFederal budgetSocial Insurance Fund of the Russian FederationCompulsory medical insurance fundsTotalFederal Compulsory Medical Insurance FundTerritorial compulsory medical insurance fundsUp to 280,000 rubles20.0 percent 2.9 percent 1.1 percent 2.0 percent 26.0 percentFrom 280,001 to 600,000 rubles56,000 rubles +7.9% of the amount exceeding RUB 280,0008120+1%3080+0.6%5600+0.5%72800+10%More than RUB600,00081280+2% of the amount exceeding RUB600,0001132050007200104800+ 2% from the amount exceeding 600,000 rubles.

- Lawyer's response:
  First, commercial and non-commercial organizations differ depending on the purpose of creation and activity. Commercial legal entities are those whose purpose is to make a profit by carrying out any activity not prohibited by law. Non-profit organizations are those that do not pursue profit as the main goal and do not distribute the profits received among the participants (Article 50 of the Civil Code). It should be noted that this division is very arbitrary, since all non-profit organizations are allowed to engage in entrepreneurial activities. The requirement of the legislator that this activity should serve the achievement of the goals for which the organization was created, and correspond to these goals (clause 3 of article 50 of the Civil Code), is also formulated rather vaguely. Moreover, the Code explicitly states that the income received by a consumer (non-commercial) cooperative from entrepreneurial activity is distributed among its members (clause 5, article 116). The purpose of such a division of legal entities into commercial and non-commercial is that commercial organizations can only be created in the forms expressly provided for by the Civil Code, namely: a general partnership, a limited partnership, a limited or additional liability company, open or closed joint-stock company, production cooperative, state (including federal state) or municipal unitary enterprise. In addition, a unitary enterprise based on the right of economic management may create another unitary (subsidiary) enterprise by transferring to it, in the prescribed manner, part of its property for economic management. This list is exhaustive (Articles 50, 114 of the Civil Code, clause 1 of Article 6 of the Law on the Enactment of Part One of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). Non-commercial organizations can be created in any form provided for by law. The current legislation provides for the creation of the following types of non-profit organizations: consumer cooperation in the Russian Federation" * 1. It should be taken into account that the activities of all types of agricultural cooperatives, both consumer and production, as well as their unions are regulated by a special Law of December 8, 1995 "On Agricultural Cooperation" * 2. 2) public organization (association), whose activities are regulated by Article 117 of the Civil Code, the Law of January 12, 1996 "On non-profit organizations" * 3, as well as the Law of May 19, 1995 "On public associations" * 4, which lists five types of public associations: public organization (Article 8), social movement (Article 9), public fund (Article 10), public institution (Article 11) and body of public amateur performance (Article 12); 117 of the Civil Code, Article 6 of the Law on Non-Commercial Organizations, Law of the RSFSR "On Freedom of Religion"); 4) Foundation (Articles 118, 119 of the Civil Code, Article 7 of the Law on Non-Commercial Organizations); 5) Institution (Article 120 of the Civil Code, Art. 9 of the Law on non-profit organizations) 6) association legal entities - association or union (art. 121 of the Civil Code, art. 11, 12 of the Law on non-profit organizations); 7) non-profit partnership (Article 8 of the Law on Non-Profit Organizations); 8) an autonomous non-profit organization (Article 10 of the Law on Non-Profit Organizations). The activities of charitable organizations, which are most often created in the form of public organizations or foundations, are also regulated by the Law of August 11, 1995 "On charitable activities and charitable organizations "* 5. Secondly, the Civil Code divides legal entities, depending on the legal regime of their property, into three categories: subjects of property rights (partnerships and societies, cooperatives and all non-profit organizations, except for institutions); subjects of the right of economic management ( state and

Christina Krylova

Payments to the pension fund. Please tell me if I have the correct data on contributions to the pension fund for an employee born in 1987. who works for an individual entrepreneur to finance the insurance part of labor pension 8% payroll to finance the funded part of labor pension 6% payroll

Lawyer's response:
FEDERAL LAW "ON MANDATORY PENSION INSURANCE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION" Article 33. Transitional provisions the following rates of insurance premiums apply: 1) for insurers acting as employers, with the exception of organizations acting as employers engaged in the production of agricultural products, tribal, family communities of indigenous peoples of the North engaged in traditional economic sectors, and peasant (farmer) households: Up to 280,000 rubles 10.0 percent 4.0 percent From 280,001 rubles 28,000 rubles + 3.9 11,200 rubles + 1.6 up to 600,000 percent of the amount, percent of the amount exceeding 280,000 rubles exceeding 280,000 rubles Over 600,000 40,480 rubles 16,320 rubles; rubles2) for organizations acting as employers engaged in the production of agricultural products, tribal, family communities of indigenous peoples of the North, engaged in traditional sectors of management, and peasant (farm) households: Up to 280,000 rubles 6.3 percent 4.0 percent From 280,001 rubles 17,640 rubles + 3.9 11,200 rubles + 1.6 up to 600,000 percent of the amount, percent of the amount, rubles exceeding 280,000 rubles exceeding 280,000 rubles Over 600,000 30,120 rubles 16,320 rubles rubles

Boris Osovetsky

tell me, can I register a house on the land plot: category of agricultural land?. land category: agricultural land, permitted use: for dacha farming.

Lawyer's response:

Maxim Povodyrev

Land tax, reasons for exemption from payment of this tax for individuals. and legal persons
- Lawyer's response:
  Article 395. Tax Benefits The following are exempt from taxation: 1) organizations and institutions of the penitentiary system of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation - in respect of land plots provided for the direct performance of the functions assigned to these organizations and institutions; 2) organizations - in relation to land plots occupied by state highways common use; 3) has become invalid. - Federal Law of November 29, 2004 N 141-FZ; (see the text in the previous wording) 4) religious organizations - in relation to their land plots, on which buildings, structures and structures of religious and charitable purposes are located; 5) all-Russian public organizations of the disabled (including those created as unions of public organizations of the disabled), among whose members the disabled and their legal representatives make up at least 80 percent, in relation to the land plots used by them to carry out their statutory activities; organizations, the authorized capital of which consists entirely of the contributions of the indicated all-Russian public organizations of the disabled, if the average number of disabled people among their employees is at least 50 percent, and their share in the wage fund is at least 25 percent, in relation to the land plots used by them for production and (or) sale of goods (with the exception of excisable goods, mineral raw materials and other minerals, as well as other goods according to the list approved by the Government of the Russian Federation in agreement with all-Russian public organizations of the disabled), works and services (with the exception of brokerage and other intermediary services) ; institutions, the sole owners of whose property are the indicated all-Russian public organizations of the disabled - in relation to land plots used by them to achieve educational, cultural, health-improving, physical culture and sports, scientific, informational and other purposes social protection and rehabilitation of the disabled, as well as to provide legal and other assistance to the disabled, disabled children and their parents; 6) organizations of folk arts and crafts - in relation to land plots located in places of traditional existence of folk arts and crafts and used for the production and sale of products of folk arts and crafts; 7) individuals relating to the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation, as well as communities of such peoples - in relation to land plots used for the preservation and development of their traditional way of life, management and crafts; 8) has become invalid. - Federal Law of November 29, 2004 N 141-FZ; (see the text in the previous wording) 9) organizations - residents of the special economic zone - in relation to land plots located in the territory of the special economic zone, for a period of five years from the moment the right of ownership arises for each land plot. (Clause 9 as amended by the Federal Law of 03.06.2006 N 75-FZ)

Olga Zaitseva

Tell me, does the Fund have the right to act as the sole founder of a public organization? The task was set to prepare documents for the establishment of the Literary Association. But he hit a dead end: in accordance with Article 6 of the law "On Public Organizations", the Fund of Russian Literature and Culture, as a legal entity, in relation to which the founder does not have property rights, can act as the sole founder of a public organization - the Literary Association?

Lawyer's response:
It must be borne in mind that the concept of “fund” has many meanings in the legislation and is used to refer to both commercial and non-profit organizations, as well as bodies government controlled. For example, mutual property fund, investment fund, Russian children's fund, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Russian Federal Property Fund, etc. The Civil Code of the Russian Federation uses the term “fund” in relation to non-profit organizations that, as a rule, pursue charitable goals. Like other non-profit organizations, foundations have the right to engage in entrepreneurial activities necessary to achieve the socially useful goals for which the foundation was created, and corresponding to these goals. In order to carry out entrepreneurial activities, foundations have the right to create business companies or participate in them. The Fund, being a non-profit organization, may establish a joint-stock company or a limited liability company (but not a business partnership) and receive profit from their activities, which cannot be distributed among the founders of the fund, but must be directed to its statutory goals. The Foundation may be the sole founder of a commercial organization. "I think so" (cf "Mimino").

Valery Dolgozhilov

tell me the classification of enterprises by legal form, thank you

Article 395

Lyubov Sukhanova

how maternity pay is paid to individual entrepreneurs

Lawyer's response:
Individual entrepreneurs are self-employed citizens, check with the FSS at the place of residence and look at law No. Article 2. 3. Lawyers, individual entrepreneurs, members of peasant (farm) households, individuals who are not recognized individual entrepreneurs(notaries engaged in private practice, other persons engaged in private practice in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation), members of family (tribal) communities of indigenous peoples of the North are subject to compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood if they voluntarily entered into a relationship on compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood and pay for themselves insurance premiums in accordance with Article 4.5 of this Federal Law. "Article 4.5 2. Persons who have voluntarily entered into legal relations for compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood, pay insurance premiums to the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, based on the cost of the insurance year 3. The cost of an insurance year is determined as the product of the minimum wage established by federal law at the beginning of the financial year for which insurance premiums are paid and the rate of insurance premiums. contributions established by the Federal Law "On Insurance Contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund and Territorial Compulsory Medical Insurance Funds" in terms of insurance contributions to the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, increased by 12 times. 4. Payment of insurance premiums by persons who voluntarily entered into legal relations on compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood, is made no later than December 31 of the current year, starting from the year of filing an application for voluntary entry into legal relations on compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood. 5. Persons who voluntarily entered into legal relations on compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood transfer insurance premiums to the accounts of the territorial bodies of the insurer by non-cash payments, or by depositing cash in a credit institution, or by postal order. 6. Persons who have voluntarily entered into legal relations on compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood shall acquire the right to receive insurance coverage provided that they pay insurance premiums in accordance with Part 4 of this Article in the amount determined in accordance with Part 3 of this article, for the calendar year preceding calendar year in which the insured event occurred. and see also paragraphs 7-8 of Art. of this Law.

Marina Alexandrova

how much does an individual entrepreneur pay taxes for an employee

From the salary of an employee, Since 2011, the rate of insurance premiums has increased to 34% - 26% is sent to the Pension Fund, 2.9% - to the Social Insurance Fund, 5.1% - to the funds - federal and territorial - compulsory medical ...

Alena Davydova

Regarding taxation (see inside). My mother is a pensioner, a land plot is registered to her. She has to pay land tax for the year. What benefits does she have as a pensioner to pay less tax? And what documents do you need to submit to the tax office for this?

Lawyer's response:
Article 395. Tax Benefits [Tax Code of the Russian Federation] [Chapter 31] [Article 395] institution functions; 2) organizations - in relation to land plots occupied by state public roads; 3) has become invalid. 4) religious organizations - in relation to their land plots, on which buildings, structures and structures of religious and charitable purposes are located; 5) all-Russian public organizations of the disabled (including those created as unions of public organizations of the disabled), among whose members the disabled and their legal representatives make up at least 80 percent, in relation to the land plots used by them to carry out their statutory activities; organizations, the authorized capital of which consists entirely of the contributions of the indicated all-Russian public organizations of the disabled, if the average number of disabled people among their employees is at least 50 percent, and their share in the wage fund is at least 25 percent, in relation to the land plots used by them for production and (or) sale of goods (with the exception of excisable goods, mineral raw materials and other minerals, as well as other goods according to the list approved by the Government of the Russian Federation in agreement with all-Russian public organizations of the disabled), works and services (with the exception of brokerage and other intermediary services) ; institutions, the sole owners of whose property are the indicated all-Russian public organizations of the disabled - in relation to the land plots used by them to achieve educational, cultural, health-improving, physical culture and sports, scientific, informational and other purposes of social protection and rehabilitation of disabled people, as well as for providing legal and other assistance to disabled people, disabled children and their parents; 6) organizations of folk arts and crafts - in relation to land plots located in places of traditional existence of folk arts and crafts and used for the production and sale of products of folk arts and crafts; 7) individuals belonging to the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation, as well as communities of such peoples - in relation to land plots used for the preservation and development of their traditional way of life, management and crafts; 8) has become invalid. 9) organizations - residents of a special economic zone - in relation to land plots located in the territory of a special economic zone, for a period of five years from the moment the right of ownership to each land plot arises; 10) organizations recognized as management companies in accordance with the Federal Law "On the Skolkovo Innovation Center" - in relation to land plots provided for the direct performance of the functions assigned to these organizations in accordance with the specified Federal Law. As we can see, land tax pensioners not released

Antonina Fedotova

Social Studies. C8. Plan of organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurial activity

Classification organizational-legal forms in Russian Federations There are the following types organizational

Maria Petrova

organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurial activity

Classification organizational-legal forms in Russian Federations There are the following types organizational- legal forms of economic entities (hereinafter also OPF): OPF of economic entities that are legal entities-commercial ...

Alexandra Tarasova

Is it possible to order an extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities for a non-profit organization in MI FTS 46!?

Lawyer's response:
Information from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities is open and publicly available, with some exceptions (passport data, for example) - clause 1 of Art. 6 of the Federal Law "On state registration of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs ..." (129-FZ of 08.08.2001.) A non-profit organization is a legal entity in accordance with Ch. 4 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Apparently registered in Moscow. You can "order" an extract from MIFNS No. 46, you can also do this at the territorial tax authority in which the NPO is registered. The 46th provides information only on Moscow. You can write a request for an extract on your own behalf. The stamp of an NPO or some other organization is not needed))))) Good luck!

Yakov Korovenko

Lawyer request. Are all paid lawyer consulting can issue attorney requests? And in general, what should a lawyer's request contain, should there be attachments to it, and which ones?

Lawyer's response:
Do you understand what you asked? Subparagraph 1 of paragraph 3 of Art. 6 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On advocacy and advocacy in the Russian Federation" (hereinafter referred to as the Law on the Advocacy) dated May 31, 2002 63-FZ establishes the right of a lawyer to collect information necessary for the provision of legal assistance, including requesting certificates, characteristics and other documents from state authorities, local governments, as well as public associations and other organizations. These bodies and organizations, in the manner prescribed by law, are obliged to issue to the lawyer the documents requested by him or their certified copies no later than within one month from the date of receipt of the lawyer's request. How BE and free shit owe you, because a request is issued to a lawyer

Anatoly Senchischev

An apartment building, the owners and tenants of residential premises live in it under a social contract. hiring .. With the owners of the HOA entered into an agreement on the management of shares in common property in an apartment building and the provision of utilities. And there are no such contracts with employers. There are only social tenancy agreements provided by them, which stipulate that they must pay a fee for housing to the LESSOR and comm. services. At the same time, Art. 155 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, paragraph 4, it is prescribed that tenants must pay a fee for the above HOA services. But employers pay only for whom. services (water, heat, electric energy), they refuse to pay for all other services, referring to the contract. Although in the contract of social rent, the amount of payment to the Landlord for the dwelling is not even prescribed. Should the HOA conclude any contracts with tenants for the provision of com. services and services for the maintenance of the house (after all, the owners are not actually they, but the Russian Federation represented by the relevant authorities)? What is the mechanism of interaction between the HOA - the Landlord - the Tenant?

Lawyer's response:
сContract Article 155. Payment for residential premises and communal services apartment building or by a decision of the general meeting of members of a homeowners' association, housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative established to meet the needs of citizens for housing in accordance with the federal law on such a cooperative (hereinafter referred to as another specialized consumer cooperative). 2. Payment for residential premises and utilities is paid on the basis of payment documents submitted no later than the first day of the month following the expired month, unless a different period is established by the apartment building management agreement or by decision of the general meeting of members of a homeowners association, housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative. 3. Tenants of residential premises under a social tenancy agreement and a contract for the rental of residential premises of state or municipal housing stock shall pay a fee for the use of residential premises (rental fee) to the landlord of this residential premises. 4. Tenants of residential premises under a social tenancy agreement and a rental agreement for residential premises of the state or municipal housing stock in an apartment building, which is managed by managing organization, pay a fee for the maintenance and repair of a dwelling, as well as a fee for utilities of this managing organization, with the exception of the case provided for by paragraph 7.1 of this article. If the amount of the fee paid by the tenant of the residential premises is less than the amount of the fee established by the management agreement, the remaining part of the fee is paid by the landlord of this residential premises in the manner agreed with the managing organization. 5. Members of a homeowners' association or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative shall make mandatory payments and (or) contributions related to the payment of expenses for maintenance, current and overhaul common property in an apartment building, as well as with the payment of utilities, in the manner prescribed by the governing bodies of a homeowners association or by the governing bodies of a housing cooperative or by the governing bodies of another specialized consumer cooperative. 6. Owners of premises in an apartment building in which a homeowners association or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative are established, who are not members of a homeowners' association or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative, shall pay a fee for the maintenance and repair of common property in an apartment building and a fee for utilities in accordance with agreements concluded with a homeowners association or housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative. 6.1. In the event that a homeowners' association or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative concludes, or in the case provided for by part 14 of Article 161 of this Code, the developer of an apartment building management agreement pays the utility bill to the management organization, with the exception of the case provided for by part 7.1 of this article, by persons specified in part 2 of Article 153 of this Code. 6.2. A managing organization, a homeowners association or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative that receives payment for public services, makes settlements for the resources necessary for the provision of public services with persons with whom such a managing organization, homeowners association or housing cooperative or other specialized consumer

Artur Lentulov

Will individual entrepreneurs be required to keep accounting records from 2013?

Lawyer's response:
From January 1, 2013, the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ "On Accounting" will come into force, according to which both organizations and individual entrepreneurs are required to keep accounting records (paragraphs 1 and 4 of part 1 of article 2, article 32 of this Law). An exception to this rule is made for individual entrepreneurs who keep records of income, expenses and (or) other objects of taxation in the manner established by the tax legislation of the Russian Federation (clause 1, part 2, article 6 of Law N 402-FZ). Thus, entrepreneurs using the simplified tax system may not keep accounting records. But they are obliged to keep tax records in the manner prescribed by Art. 346.24 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Namely, in the book of income and expenses of organizations and individual entrepreneurs. The law provides for the possibility of developing a simplified procedure for maintaining accounting for small businesses and certain categories of non-profit organizations (clause 3, article 20, clause 10, part 3, article 21 of Law N 402-FZ). Currently, the issue of the need for accounting under the simplified tax system concerns only organizations. Individual entrepreneurs, regardless of the taxation regime, are not required to keep accounting records. This follows from paragraphs 1, 2 of Art. 4 of Law 129-FZ. According to clause 3 of this article, organizations, when working on the simplified tax system, are exempt from accounting, with the exception of accounting for fixed assets and intangible assets.
- Lawyer's response:
  Federal Law "On Compulsory Medical Insurance in the Russian Federation"
  The insured persons are citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign citizens permanently or temporarily residing in the Russian Federation, stateless persons (with the exception of highly qualified specialists and members of their families in accordance with the Federal Law of July 25, 2002 N 115-FZ "On legal status foreign citizens in the Russian Federation"), as well as persons entitled to medical care in accordance with the Federal Law "On Refugees":
  1) working under an employment contract, including heads of organizations that are the sole participants (founders), members of organizations, owners of their property, or a civil law contract, the subject of which is the performance of work, the provision of services, under an author's order agreement, as well as authors works that receive payments and other remuneration under agreements on the alienation of the exclusive right to works of science, literature, art, publishing license agreements, license agreements on granting the right to use a work of science, literature, art;
  2) independently providing themselves with work (individual entrepreneurs, notaries engaged in private practice, lawyers, arbitration managers);
  3) being members of peasant (farm) holdings;
  4) who are members of family (tribal) communities of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation, living in the regions of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation, engaged in traditional economic sectors;
  5) non-working citizens:
  a) children from the date of birth until they reach the age of 18;
  b) non-working pensioners, regardless of the basis for assigning a pension;
  c) citizens studying full-time in educational institutions primary vocational, secondary vocational and higher vocational education;
  d) unemployed citizens registered in accordance with the employment legislation;
  e) one of the parents or guardian who takes care of the child until the child reaches the age of three years;
  f) able-bodied citizens engaged in caring for disabled children, disabled people of group I, persons who have reached the age of 80 years;
  g) other citizens not working under an employment contract and not specified in subparagraphs "a" - "e" of this paragraph, with the exception of military personnel and equivalent to them in the organization of rendering medical care persons.

Olesya Morozova

Question for FINANCISTS and LAWYERS. WHAT IS a functional solution of an enterprise and its organizational and legal form Thank you for your answer

Lawyer's response:
OPF of business entities that are legal entities-commercial organizations Partnerships General partnerships Limited partnerships Companies with additional liability Companies with additional liability Joint-stock companies Open joint-stock companies Closed joint-stock companies Unitary enterprises Unitary enterprises based on the right of economic management Unitary enterprises based on the right of operational management Other Production cooperatives OPF of economic entities that are legal entities-non-profit organizations Consumer cooperatives Public associations(including religious associations) Public organizations Public movements Bodies of public amateur performance Political parties Foundations (including public funds) Institutions (including public institutions) State corporations Non-profit partnerships Autonomous non-profit organizations Communities of indigenous minorities Cossack societies Associations of legal entities (associations and unions) Associations of peasant (farm) enterprises Territorial public self-governments Partnerships of homeowners Horticultural, horticultural or dacha non-commercial partnerships OPF of economic entities without the rights of a legal entity Mutual investment funds Simple partnerships Representative offices and branches Individual entrepreneurs Peasant (farmer) households (since January 1, 2010 .) Examples of OPF state and municipal institutions

Vadim Firsanov

Question about benefits up to 1.5 years for individual entrepreneurs. Hello! I am an individual entrepreneur, I did not pay contributions to the Social Insurance Fund, the rest of the taxes are regular. Now she has given birth to her second child, she turned to the social. protection for the calculation of benefits up to 1.5 years. They told me - close the IP, then you will come for benefits. Earlier, I read that I was entitled to this allowance, as well as everyone who does not belong to persons subject to compulsory social insurance. , and that I should receive it in the social. protection. But I didn't find it anywhere official document(law, order) this is my confirming right. So that it is spelled out that the individual entrepreneur is a person not subject to social. insurance, and that is entitled to benefits up to 1.5 years. Prompt, throw the link to the law if such exists. Thanks.

Lawyer's response:
The minimum wage must be paid to everyone in any case. They can only require documents confirming that you are an individual entrepreneur, but they are not entitled to demand closure. Federal Law No. 81-FZ Article 13. The following have the right to a monthly childcare allowance: mothers or fathers, guardians who actually care for the child and are not subject to compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development No. 1012n k) copies of documents confirming the status, as well as a certificate from the territorial body of the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation on the absence of registration in territorial bodies of the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation as an insured and on non-receipt of a monthly childcare allowance at the expense of compulsory social insurance funds - for individuals operating as individual entrepreneurs, lawyers, notaries, individuals, professional activity which, in accordance with federal laws is subject to state registration and (or) licensing, - in the event that the appointment and payment of a monthly allowance for child care is carried out by the bodies of social protection of the population; And here is another Federal Law No. 255-FZ Article 2. Persons subject to compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood foreign citizens and stateless persons residing on the territory of the Russian Federation: 1) persons working for employment contracts, including heads of organizations that are the sole participants (founders), members of organizations, owners of their property; 2) state civil servants, municipal employees; 3) persons holding public positions of the Russian Federation, public positions of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, as well as municipal positions filled on a permanent basis; 4) members of the production cooperative, taking personal labor participation in its activities; 5) clergy; 6) persons sentenced to deprivation of liberty and involved in paid work. 3. Lawyers, individual entrepreneurs, members of peasant (farm) households, individuals who are not recognized as individual entrepreneurs (notaries engaged in private practice, other persons engaged in private practice in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation), members of family (tribal) communities of indigenous small peoples of the North are subject to compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood in the event that they voluntarily entered into a relationship for compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood and pay insurance premiums for themselves in accordance with Article 4.5 of this Federal law.
Most often, hatred is inspired from above. And since the people from time immemorial believed in the "good king", in the "wise leader", in the "fiery fighter for the people's cause", they picked up the waves of hatred emanating from the "kind", "wise" and "fiery" ...

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1. Federal Law "On non-profit organizations". Article 6.1. Communities of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Federation dated 01.12.2007 N 300-FZ

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