Creation of the UN. The idea of ​​creating a global intergovernmental organization to prevent wars and maintain peace has occupied the minds of mankind for a long time. Second World War due to its scale, the methods of terror used by the fascist armies, gave a powerful impetus to the government and public initiative organization of peace and security. The most important stage in the creation of the UN, the conference in Dumbarton Oaks (1944) is reasonably called, at which the basic principles and parameters of the mechanism for the activity of the future organization were agreed. The San Francisco Conference (April 25 - June 26, 1945), convened on behalf of the USSR, the USA, Great Britain and China, was the final stage in the creation of the UN. It adopted the UN Charter, the founders of which are 50 states.





UN structure. specialized bodies. International Monetary Fund, international bank reconstruction and development, International Finance Corporation, International association Development, International Maritime Organization, international organization civil aviation, The International Labour Organization, international union Telecommunications, Universal Postal Union, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, World Organization Health, World Organization intellectual property, United Nations industrial development, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Meteorological Organization, International Fund for Agricultural Development, International Agency for atomic energy


UN structure. Main organs: UN General Assembly. The General Assembly, in accordance with its decision of December 17, 1993, has 6 committees, the General Committee and the Credentials Committee: General Committee Credentials Committee Committee on Disarmament and International Security (First Committee) Committee on Economic and Financial (Second Committee) Committee on Social, Humanitarian and Cultural Affairs (Third Committee) Committee on Special Political and Decolonization Affairs (Fourth Committee) Committee on Administration and Budget (Fifth Committee) Committee on Legal Affairs (Sixth Committee) General Assembly UN Established in 1945 in accordance with the UN Charter, the main deliberative, policy-making and representative body of the United Nations.


Functions of the UN General Assembly According to the Charter of the United Nations, the UN General Assembly has the following functions and powers: to consider general principles cooperation in the maintenance of international peace and security, including in matters of disarmament, and make appropriate recommendations; to discuss any questions relating to the maintenance of international peace and security; to organize studies and prepare recommendations for the promotion of international political cooperation, international law, the exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms, in the economic, social and humanitarian fields and in the fields of culture, education and health; to recommend measures for the peaceful settlement of any situation that might disturb the friendly relations between nations; receive and consider reports from the Security Council and other UN bodies; review and approve the UN budget and establish the amount of assessed contributions from Member States; elect non-permanent members of the Security Council and members of other councils and bodies of the United Nations and appoint the Secretary-General.


UN structure. Principal Organs: Security Council The Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security; all members of the United Nations must obey its decisions. The five permanent members of the Security Council ( the Russian Federation, USA, UK, France, China) have veto power. Russia is represented by the permanent representative of Russia to the UN, the UK is represented by the permanent representative of Great Britain to the UN. The Security Council consists of 15 members: five members of the Council are permanent (Russia, the United States, Great Britain, France and China), the remaining ten members (in the terminology of the Charter "non-permanent") are elected to the Council in accordance with the procedure provided for by the Charter.


UN structure. Principal Organs: UN Secretariat UN Secretariat The UN Secretariat is an international staff working in institutions around the world and carrying out a variety of day-to-day work of the Organization. It serves the other principal organs of the United Nations and carries out the programs and policies adopted by them. Secretariat offices are located at UN Headquarters in New York and other Headquarters locations of UN organs, the largest of which are the UN offices in Geneva and Vienna. The UN Secretariat ensures the work of UN bodies, publishes and distributes UN materials, stores archives, registers and publishes international treaties UN member states. The secretariat is headed General Secretary the UN, which is appointed General Assembly th on the recommendation of the Security Council for a period of 5 years with the possibility of re-election for a new term.


UN structure. Principal organs: International Court of Justice. The International Court of Justice is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, established by the UN Charter to achieve one of the main objectives of the UN "to by peaceful means, in accordance with the principles of justice and international law settlement or settlement of international disputes or situations which may lead to a breach of the peace”. The International Court of Justice is composed of 15 independent judges, elected regardless of their nationality, from among high moral qualities who meet the requirements of their countries for appointment to the highest judicial positions or who are lawyers with recognized authority in the field of international law


UN structure. Main organs: ECOSOC. The Economic and Social Council of the United Nations (ECOSOC) is one of the main bodies of the United Nations, which coordinates cooperation in the economic and social fields of the UN and its specialized agencies. The Economic and Social Council of the United Nations is empowered to: undertake studies and draw up reports on international issues in the fields of economic, social, cultural, educational, health and similar matters, or encourage others to do so; to prepare draft conventions for submission to the General Assembly on matters within its competence. make recommendations to promote respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all; take appropriate steps to receive regular reports from the specialized agencies; coordinate the activities of specialized institutions; communicate to the General Assembly their comments on these reports.


UN structure. Principal organs: United Nations Trusteeship Council. The United Nations Trusteeship Council is one of the main organs of the United Nations, which was created to oversee the administration of trust territories under the international trusteeship system. The UN Trusteeship Council, in the exercise of its functions: is empowered to consider reports submitted by the administering authority; is empowered to receive petitions and consider them in consultation with the administering authority; is authorized to arrange periodic visits to the respective territories under guardianship within the terms agreed with the administering authority; is authorized to take the above and other actions in accordance with the terms of the trusteeship agreements; develops a questionnaire regarding the political, economic and social progress of the population of each trust area


UN structure. specialized bodies. According to the UN Charter, any main body The UN may establish various subsidiary bodies to carry out its duties. The most famous of them are: the World Bank, the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), UNESCO.


UN activities (Role in modern world). peacekeeping mission. UN peacekeeping operations are an important instrument for maintaining peace and international security. Their activities are determined by a number of resolutions of the General Assembly, adopted in accordance with the Charter of the Organization. The UN Charter itself does not provide for the conduct of peacekeeping operations. However, they can be determined by the goals and principles of the UN, so the General Assembly regularly considers the need for a particular peacekeeping mission. Implementation peacekeeping operation The UN can be expressed in: Investigation of incidents and negotiation with conflicting parties in order to reconcile them; Verification of compliance with the ceasefire agreement; Contribute to the maintenance of law and order; Providing humanitarian assistance; Monitoring the situation.


UN activities. Human rights. Human Rights On December 10, 1948, the UN General Assembly adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, after which it recommended that all Member States promulgate the text of the Declaration by “circulating, proclaiming and explaining, mainly in schools and other educational institutions without any distinction based on the political status of countries or territories.


UN activities. Humanitarian aid. For conditions of armed conflict International Court defined permissible humanitarian assistance as "the provision of food, clothing, medicine and other humanitarian assistance, but this does not include the provision of weapons, weapons systems, ammunition or other equipment, vehicles and materials that can be used to cause serious bodily harm or cause death ". Humanitarian aid differs from foreign aid in that it is urgent and is used to alleviate the plight of victims. natural Disasters. Humanitarian aid is a type of gratuitous aid (assistance); livelihoods distributed free of charge to the population of areas affected by or on the brink of a humanitarian disaster


UN activities. Arms control and disarmament. The General Assembly and the Security Council consider questions of disarmament on an ongoing basis. In addition, the Assembly also held special sessions on disarmament in 1978 and 1988. Some of the UN bodies deal exclusively with disarmament issues. These include the Conference on Disarmament. As the only multilateral negotiating forum of the international community on the issue of disarmament, the Conference has successfully negotiated both the Convention on the Prohibition chemical weapons, and under the Comprehensive Ban Treaty nuclear testing. The United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (ODA) implements the decisions of the General Assembly on disarmament issues. It also provides material and organizational support for norm-setting activities in the field of disarmament within the framework of the work of the General Assembly and its First Committee, the UN Disarmament Commission, the Conference on Disarmament and other bodies. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) conducts independent research in the field of disarmament and issues related, in particular, to international security issues


UN activities. Social and Economic development. Despite advances on many fronts, the world continues to be characterized by huge disparities in levels of wealth and well-being. The fight against poverty and the elimination of inequalities both within and between countries remains the main goal of the United Nations. The UN system operates in a variety of ways to achieve its economic and social goals. It is through the activities of various bodies and specialized agencies and the implementation of programs in such diverse areas as education, aviation safety, security environment and working conditions, the work of the UN affects the lives of people everywhere. The main body coordinating the economic and social activities The United Nations is the Economic and Social Council. The Council also serves as the main forum for discussion of international economic and social problems and making policy recommendations in these areas.


Conclusion To date, the UN is the largest representative of the international eq. cooperation, the largest international organization whose members are the largest number countries from all continents. The UN is an unprecedented example of the implementation of various joint projects on the scale of all mankind. The UN is an interstate universal organization, the purpose and subject of which is of interest to all states of the world.

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Municipal treasury educational institution average comprehensive school Gordino village, Afanasyevsky district, Kirov region United Nations

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The United Nations was founded on October 24, 1945 by fifty-one countries determined to keep the peace through development. international cooperation and ensure collective security. To date, 192 countries are members of the United Nations, that is, almost all countries of the world.

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Briefly about the UN The number of member states of the UN is 192. Date of creation of the UN: October 24, 1945. As of June 30, 2009, the total staff of the Secretariat worldwide was about 40,000. Number of ongoing peacekeeping operations: 16. Budget for the biennium 2008-2009: $4.171 billion. official languages: English, Arabic, Spanish, Chinese, Russian, French.

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According to the Charter, in its activities the United Nations pursues four goals: to maintain international peace and security; develop friendly relations between nations; to carry out international cooperation in resolving international problems and in promoting respect for human rights; and also to be the center for coordinating the actions of nations in the pursuit of these common goals.

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“The United Nations is doing everything possible to solve complex problems and look at the world more broadly. We form new approach to a multilateralism that can deliver real results for all people, especially those who need it most.” Secretary General Ban Ki-moon Message on the occasion of the Day, 24 October 2009

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UN Headquarters in New York, where representatives of 192 countries gather to forge consensus on global issues.

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Principal Organs of the United Nations General Assembly Economic and Social Council International Court of Justice Security Council Trusteeship Council Secretariat

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Basic information about the main organs of the UN Organizational structure Organizations General Assembly: 192 member states Security Council: 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members Economic and Social Council: 54 members International Court of Justice: 15 judges Trusteeship Council: 5 members

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Ceremonial meeting of the International Law Commission on the theme "International Law Commission: 60 years later".

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The main activities of the UN: Health of the population Education Demographics Environment Economic

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The activities of the UN are known in the most remote corners of the planet. The success of the United Nations in areas such as peacekeeping and humanitarian aid. However, there is a whole range of other areas where the UN and organizations of its system contribute to the improvement of the situation in the world and thereby influence the course of our Everyday life. The activities of the Organization are multifaceted and cover a wide range of important issues from sustainable development and the fight against terrorism, the promotion of democracy and the development of governance, to environmental protection and the solution of global health problems; from mine clearance to the development of food production. Plus, much more in the direction of achieving the set goals and coordinating activities in the interests of global security and the fate of future generations.

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Students elementary school"Manegda" in Burkina Faso during a lesson in a tent provided by the United Nations Children's Fund. UN Photo/E. Debebe.

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Soldiers from the Jordanian battalion of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) carry children out of the flood zone after Hurricane Ike. UN Photo/Marco Dormino.

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Military medics from the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) examine a pregnant woman injured by the hurricane. UN Photo

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Private Linda Mensah of the Ghanaian Women's Battalion of the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) patrols the streets of the city.

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Soldiers from the Pakistani and Chinese military medical units conduct medical examinations in Kopo, Liberia.

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United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) peacekeepers with a group of children on patrol in the Katanca area.

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Harvesting rice in the farms of Guyana. Buying food from local farmers contributes to development Agriculture and market relations.

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A girl does housework in a rural camp in Mauritania. According to the International Labor Organization, there are at least 10 million working children in Africa alone.

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Internally displaced people receive food from the World Food Program (WFP) and Children's Fund United Nations (UNICEF). These people suffered as a result of the rebel attack on their villages.

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For the purpose of solving global problems The United Nations adopted a program called the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The UN Millennium Development Goals are a program to combat poverty and generally improve living standards. The program was adopted in 2000. If the world achieves the Millennium Development Goals, over 500 million people will be lifted out of poverty. Another 250 million will no longer suffer from hunger. It will be possible to save 30 million children and 2 million mothers who otherwise would most likely die.

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The Millennium Development Goals are to be achieved by 2015 and include the following: elimination of poverty and hunger, achievement of universal primary education, promoting gender equality and empowering women, reducing child mortality, improving maternal health, combating HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases, ensuring environmental sustainability, building a global partnership for development.

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UN Lesson the world Grade 4 EMC "School 2100" Compiled by the teacher primary school Matorina Rimma Anatolyevna MOU Secondary School No. 128 Yekaterinburg United Nations

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United Nations This is unique international community which aims to promote the maintenance and strengthening of peace, the economic and social progress of all countries and peoples. UN Headquarters in New York

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In April-June 1945, at a conference in San Francisco, representatives of 51 states approved and signed the text of the Charter of the United Nations. The emblem of the UN and at the same time a symbol of peace has become Earth framed by an olive branch.

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UN member states Membership: 192 member states Headquarters: New York, USA Sub-offices: Geneva, Switzerland Vienna, Austria Nairobi, Kenya Organization type: International organization Official languages: English, Arabic, Spanish, Chinese, Russian, French

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The UN currently has almost 170 member states. The UN has two working bodies - the General Assembly (which brings together representatives of all states) and the Security Council.

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General Assembly the main deliberative, decision-making and representative body The General Assembly considers the principles of cooperation in the field of ensuring international peace and security; elects non-permanent members of the UN Security Council, members of the Economic and Social Council; on the recommendation of the Security Council, appoints the Secretary-General of the United Nations; jointly with the Security Council elects the members of the International Court of Justice; coordinates international cooperation in the economic, social, cultural and humanitarian spheres; exercise other powers provided for in the UN Charter.

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Security Council Has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security; all members of the United Nations must obey its decisions. The five permanent members of the Security Council (Russian Federation, USA, Great Britain, France, China) have the right of veto. Russia is represented by a permanent representative to the UN The Security Council consists of 15 members: five members of the Council are permanent (Russia, the United States, Great Britain, France and China), the remaining ten members (in the terminology of the Charter - “non-permanent”) are elected to the Council in accordance with the procedure provided for by the Charter (paragraph 2 of article 23

History of creation The creation of the United Nations became possible as a result of the combined efforts of states in the fight against fascism during the Second World War. The creation of the United Nations became possible as a result of the combined efforts of states in the fight against fascism during the Second World War. The predecessor of the UN was the League of Nations created after the First World War The predecessor of the UN was the League of Nations created after the First World War


History of creation The name "United Nations" was proposed by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt and was first used in the Declaration of the United Nations, signed on January 1, 1942, according to which representatives of 26 states pledged on behalf of their governments to continue the joint struggle against the Axis. Nation" was proposed by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt and was first used in the Declaration of the United Nations, signed on January 1, 1942, according to which representatives of 26 states pledged on behalf of their governments to continue the joint struggle against the Axis


History of creation The final text of the UN Charter was adopted at a conference in San Francisco, which took place from April to June 1945, and was signed on June 26, 1945 by representatives of 50 states, entered into force on October 24 The date of entry into force of the Charter is celebrated as United Nations Day. The final text of the UN Charter was adopted at a conference in San Francisco, held from April to June 1945, and signed on June 26, 1945 by representatives of 50 states, entered into force on October 24. The date of entry into force of the Charter is celebrated as United Nations Day. Currently, 192 states are members of the UN.


UN Charter When the United Nations was created, the very first line of the preamble of the UN Charter stated that When the United Nations was created, the very first line of the preamble of the UN Charter stated that "We the peoples of the United Nations, in full determination to save succeeding generations from disasters of war, which twice in our lives brought unspeakable grief to mankind, we strive to reaffirm faith in the fundamental rights and freedoms of man.


UN Charter The UN Charter also enshrines the basic principles of international cooperation: The UN Charter also enshrines the basic principles of international cooperation: sovereign equality all members of the UN; sovereign equality of all UN members; resolution of international disputes exclusively by peaceful means; resolution of international disputes exclusively by peaceful means; refusal to international relations from the threat or use of force in any way inconsistent with the purposes of the UN; renunciation in international relations of the threat or use of force in any way inconsistent with the purposes of the UN; non-intervention of the UN in matters that are essentially within the internal competence of any state, etc. non-interference of the UN in matters that are essentially within the internal competence of any state, etc.




UN Declarations and Conventions Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 Convention to Prevent and Punish Genocide, 1948 Convention to Prevent and Punish Genocide, 1948 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 Non-Proliferation Treaty nuclear weapons, approved and opened for signature in 1968 by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, approved and opened for signature in 1968 by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992 entered into force and was ratified by Russia in 1994. Entered into force and was ratified by Russia in 1994 Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, opened for signature in 1998, ratified by Russia in 2004 Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, opened for signature in 1998, ratified by Russia in 2004 Millennium Declaration , 2000 Millennium Declaration, 2000




Structure of the United Nations General Assembly General Assembly Security Council Security Council Economic and Social Council Economic and Social Council International Court of Justice International Court of Justice Secretariat Secretariat Trusteeship Council Trusteeship Council


UN Activities Ecology Ecology Economics Economics Statistics Statistics Safety Security Family Family Education Education Population Population Crime Crime Health Care Health Care Disabled People Disabled Science Science Old people Old people Communication Communication


Economic activity of the UN The activity of the UN is to assist the member countries of the UN scientific research in such areas as: taxation and public finance taxation and public finance management systems and organizations management systems and organizations economics of the public sector and public policy public sector economics and public policy


UN budget Budget put forward General Secretary UN after agreement with the bodies of the organization and based on their requirements. Subsequently, the proposed budget is reviewed by a 16-member Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions and a 34-member Program and Coordination Committee. The budget is put forward by the UN Secretary-General after agreement with the bodies of the organization and based on their requirements. Subsequently, the proposed budget is reviewed by a 16-member Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions and a 34-member Program and Coordination Committee.


Ten states that contributed the most significant part to the UN budget (2005 data) USA 22% mln. USA Japan 19.47% mln. USA Germany 8.66% million USD United States United Kingdom 6.13% 88.0 million USD USA France 6.03% 86.6 million USD USA Italy 4.89% 70.2 million USD USA Canada 2.81% $40.4 million USA Spain 2.52% 36.2 million USD USA China 2.05% 29.5 million USD USA Mexico 1.88% 27.0 million USD USA


Members of the UN The original members of the UN include the 50 states that signed the UN Charter at the San Francisco Conference on June 26, 1945, as well as Poland. Over the course of the UN, another 141 states were admitted (actually, more states were part of the UN during this period, but the figure is lower due to the secession from a number of states, such as Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia due to their division into independent states). The original members of the UN include 50 states that signed the UN Charter at a conference in San Francisco on June 26, 1945, as well as Poland. Over the course of the UN, another 141 states were admitted (actually, more states were part of the UN during this period, but the figure is lower due to the secession from a number of states, such as Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia due to their division into independent states).


United Nations October 24 - United Nations Day. The charter was ratified by China, France, Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and most of the other signatories. The charter has been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, Great Britain, the United States and most of the other signatories.


Flag and Emblem of the United Nations The emblem of the San Francisco Conference was a circular image of a map of the world extending to the 40th parallel south and the 100th meridian west of Greenwich in a lower vertical position. The emblem of the San Francisco Conference was a circular image of a world map extending to the 40th parallel south and the 100th meridian west of Greenwich in a lower vertical position.




Today, the UN is no longer 51 countries, but much more - 192. It is interesting that: Germany joined the UN Germany joined the UN September 18, 1973 Italy - December 14, 1955 Italy - December 14, 1955 Japan - December 18, 1956 Japan - December 18, 1956






Last year, the Secretary-General laid out his vision in the In Larger Freedom report, which outlined the Organization's priorities, including poverty alleviation, development, conflict prevention and human rights.


Security Council The Security Council includes 5 permanent members - Great Britain, China, Russia (de facto successor to the USSR), the USA and France - and 10 members elected at the General Assembly for a two-year term; re-election is not allowed. The non-permanent members are elected from the following regions: 5 from Africa and Asia, 1 from of Eastern Europe, 2 of Latin America and 2 from Western Europe, as well as other regions, including Australia and Canada. The Security Council includes 5 permanent members - Great Britain, China, Russia (de facto heir to the USSR), the USA and France - and 10 members elected at the General Assembly for a two-year term; re-election is not allowed. Non-permanent members are elected from the following regions: 5 from Africa and Asia, 1 from Eastern Europe, 2 from Latin America and 2 from Western Europe, as well as other regions, including Australia and Canada.


Functions The small size of the Security Council is an important factor contributing to the prompt conduct of its meetings and actions. However, when a unanimous decision of its five permanent members is required, serious procedural problems arise.