Those who daily write any texts (articles, abstracts, term papers, etc.) are faced with various phrases and phrases that seem to seem simple, but only at first glance. For example, the same "in conclusion" or "in conclusion." It seems that both are spelled correctly. But no. These are two different combinations that have their own meanings and are used differently in the text.

Meaning of the word

As you know, the Russian language is rich in many interesting words, phrases, phrases. Some words even sound similar to each other. Sometimes it can be very difficult to use them in a letter. These include, for example, derivatives from prepositions and nouns:

• during the day - during the song;
• in the course of the conversation - in the continuation of the novel;
• due to deterioration in health - in the investigation of the case;
• at the end of the trip - two years in prison.

Those who constantly deal with the writing of texts can automatically distinguish when it is necessary to use "in conclusion" or "in conclusion", depending on the context. But those who rarely write something may use the preposition and word form incorrectly. That is why it is important to learn to distinguish one from the other. After all, be that as it may, you still need to write correctly.

To begin with, in order to understand the spelling, you can look at how the endings of a given word are modified:

• Nominative (answers the question who what?) - ending with "-th".
• Genitive case (answers the question who / what?) - ending with "-ya".
• Dative case (give to whom; to what?) - ending with "-ii".
• Accusative case (I accuse who / what?) - ending with "-th".
• Instrumental case (interested in by whom / what?) - ending with "-th".
• Prepositional case (I'll tell About who about what?) - ending with "-ii".

The word itself has several meanings. So, it can mean:

1. action (for example, conclusion of a contract, marriage);
2. condition (life imprisonment, imprisonment);
3. conclusion, result or consequence of something (expert opinion, conclusion of a work).

What is "in custody"?

This combination is not part of speech. It is just a word form created from a noun and a preposition. Example conclusion:

• This man has been in prison for five years.
• In conclusion, you always want to be free.

To make it clearer given word can be replaced with several synonyms. For instance:

• captive;
• in captivity;
• locked up;
• under supervision (in custody).

That is, if it comes, for example, about the end of writing a report, then it will be easy to decide whether to write "in conclusion" or "in the conclusion." After all, sitting in prison, it is hardly possible to write a report. The proposal will turn out to be very absurd and incomprehensible to the reader. But to write some kind of final thought, an ending to the report - it is quite possible.

What is "in conclusion"?

This combination is a preposition, which is often written separately, with a recognizable ending "-ye" and speaks of the completion of something. For instance:

• At the conclusion of the story, she bowed deeply and sat down in her place.
• At the end of the speech, there was a fireworks display.
• At the end of the holiday, everyone received gifts.

If, after reading the examples, you still do not understand when it is used "in conclusion" or "in conclusion", then you can look at several synonyms. For instance:

• at last;
• in the end;
• at the end.

That is, if we are talking, for example, about long stay in prison, then hardly anyone will write "in conclusion." This would be a completely unreadable sentence. But if you write that someone has been imprisoned for a long time, the sentence will make sense.

Exceptions to the rule

As you already know, the preposition "in" together with a noun that ends in "-ie" in accusative case and the ending of which coincides with the ending of the same noun in nominative, is written as follows - "in conclusion". But there are also exceptions to the rule. For instance:

• He was interested in making a deal.(Many programs and online editors may flag this sentence as an error, but everything is written correctly).
• At the end of the course work, the teacher found an error.(Another example where you might think a sentence is wrong.)

The fact is that in the first and second examples, what is written is not a stable combination that includes the ending "-ye", but a free combination in prepositional case... Therefore, in addition to having knowledge of the rules, it is also necessary to pay attention to the context in which this or that word is used, in order not to make a mistake.

Additional writing examples

To finally understand when and what "conclusion" is used, you can read a few more simple and not very examples:

• At the end of the enthusiastic speech, the actor decided to express his gratitude to his parents.
• The bandit had two hostages in custody.
• In conclusion, I would like to note that he was released on bail.
• He will be imprisoned, and it is unlikely that they will pay bail for him.
• Fireworks thundered at the end of the festival.
• They found several errors in the expert's conclusion.
• At the conclusion of the deal, all the necessary changes were made.
• All parties were interested in concluding the deal.

Defending a diploma is the most important stage of training in any university, which will require high dedication.

During the student's speech, the members of the commission do not have time to read the entire work. The subject of their close attention is two sections - the introduction and the conclusion. It is in the conclusion that the entire concept of the study is briefly presented and significant results are collected. The preparation of this part of the project must be taken very responsibly.

What should be in the conclusions of the chapters of the thesis:

• Conclusions for 1 (theoretical) chapter are formulated on the basis of a study of various thematic sources. Studying the materials, one can notice their inconsistency. Therefore, the primary task of the student is to reflect his vision of the subject. It is necessary to emphasize the relevance of the topic, its importance in the scientific world and express your own opinion.
• Conclusions to the 2 (analytical) chapter are usually in the nature of recommendatory developments. Since the calculations are often very voluminous, it is recommended to summarize small results for each considered paragraph.
• The conclusion on 3 (practical) chapter should emphasize the novelty of the research carried out. It should be pointed out that the proposed measures can be applied in practice in relation to the object of research. All voiced proposals must be confirmed by factual material and received data.

How to write conclusions for a chapter in a diploma?

Most students believe that you can write in your own words, giving each question several sentences. However, this approach is flawed. Conclusions should be laconic, but, at the same time, relate directly to the results of the study. We bring to your attention the following instructions:

1. Your work will be about two to three chapters, and each chapter should have at least two paragraphs. To make it easier to draw a conclusion at the end of the chapter, write intermediate paragraphs for each paragraph.
2. The volume is 0.5-1 pages. Should be formulated very clearly and clearly, reflect the main aspects of the study and the results obtained.
3. The best way to write conclusions is to summarize them by key points. The number of points themselves can range from three to ten.
4. The reader should get an idea of ​​the directions of your work and its specific results.

If you can't draw conclusions on your own? - Contact our Training Center! Our competent specialists will prepare for you quality work on any topic and in the shortest possible time! We are always glad to help you!

Examples of conclusions by chapters in the thesis:

Chapter 1 (theoretical)

Based on the considered theoretical material on the management of the profit and profitability of the construction organization, the following was established.

The key category that underlies economic development, is the profit. Integrity economic system, which unites all subsystems into one whole, is supported by its focus on profit. And it is thanks to this landmark that the market system does not disintegrate, as happened with the Soviet economy, where profit was an artificial category without real market content. Profit arises only in non-equilibrium conditions, in other words, it is a potential for disequilibrium, and this, in turn, stimulates entrepreneurial activity.

Chapter 2 (economic)

Based on the assessment of profit and profit management construction company the following conclusions can be drawn.
Analysis results economic activity LLC "" for 2011 - 2013 indicate the expansion of the scale of the enterprise, which is expressed by an increase in the volume construction work by 19123 million rubles. or 7.52% in relative terms.
As can be seen from the analysis of the dynamics of profit in table 2.11., The gross profit of the enterprise in 2013 increased by 12294 million rubles, the reason for which was the greater growth rate of proceeds from sales than the cost of production.

Chapter 3 (sentences)

Based on the analysis of the activities of LLC "" in the second chapter of the work, it was found that the company needs measures to increase profits and profitability. Taking this into account, measures were developed to improve the indicators of the efficiency of using the available resources of the LLC. Based on the implementation of the proposed measures, the profit of the enterprise will be 157023 million rubles, the profitability will increase by 11.99%, which is a positive trend in the work of the enterprise, since those cash that remains at the disposal of the company after the payment of dividends, according to the proposed measures is 55%. These funds can be used to update fixed assets and replenish revolving funds enterprises.

Thus, according to the proposed measures to improve the capital structure through optimization, it has economic effect 280.21% and its use is appropriate.

Coursework is, in a way, a student's research on a specific topic issued by an educational institution. Term paper is written, as a rule, once a semester, when a course of a certain subject is taken. Most often, this work is issued to a student in a specialized subject, which makes sense to study more deeply.

It is quite difficult to write your own term paper if you do not initially delve into the manual and do not take advantage of all the advice and recommendations given by the teacher.

In order to write a quality work on your own, you should not postpone the start of work until the last day. It will be much easier to master and structure the material if you allocate your time and energy appropriately. In the same way, you will be able to save nervous system and good spirits.

First, you should study all guidelines To term paper very carefully, paying attention to every little thing. If something remains incomprehensible to you, do not hesitate to contact the curator of the course work. We do not recommend seeking advice from classmates, since no one guaranteed the quality and relevance of their information.

After you have delved into the guidelines and understood what is required of you educational institution, try to collect as much information as possible on your topic. Only relevant and brief information that does not contain unnecessary information.

When you have selected and processed the information, leaving only the information you need, you can begin to solve the practical part of the course work, which includes your calculations of the tasks set by the teacher.

Next, you need to give your work an appropriate structure. This is very important because the coursework should be readable and comfortable for your instructor. The text should be concise, understandable and designed in accordance with all rules and standards.

The structure of a term paper implies writing a paper according to the following scheme:

• Title page;
• Content;
• Introduction;
• The main theoretical part;
• The main practical part;
• Conclusion and conclusions;
• Applications;
• Bibliography.

Each of these points should be followed correctly and in accordance with all the rules. This article will focus on perhaps the most important section, which summarizes all the results of the work. The conclusion is drawn Special attention teachers when checking work. It's about the conclusion.

Conclusion in the term paper: what is it

The conclusion in the course work plays a major role, since it should contain all the material described in the main part, only briefly and harmoniously designed, your own conclusions about the work done, answers to questions of introduction, recommendations and further wishes.

In addition, the conclusion in the course work should be a harmonious continuation of the main part. As a rule, this section has a volume of 2 to 3 sheets of A4 format, but contains on these sheets the main idea of ​​your course work.

The conclusion in the course work is very closely intersected with the introduction. The conclusion should contain information about how the goals and objectives of the course work are fulfilled and whether they are performed at all. This should definitely be emphasized.

The relevance of the chosen topic and its rationale are mandatory information for the conclusion. You must come to these conclusions on your own and state your own thoughts on this matter, based on your research.

In addition, the conclusion in the course work should contain a description of the activities you have carried out, the actions you have taken, which must be summed up. That is, you should briefly describe the content of the main part and tell about your actions in the implementation of the practical part. All information must be supported by your conclusions and recommendations, which you yourself must draw up on the basis of the work done.

The conclusion in the course work is not complete without an analysis of your activities, or rather, the failures and obstacles that you had to face while researching a given topic. You should not put a strong emphasis on the events that you failed, but you also cannot do without describing them. Just focus more on your accomplishments.

All your recommendations and conclusions drawn from the practical part must be supported by evidence. The role of evidence can be your calculations, applications or references to laws and regulations... You can give several proofs of your rightness at once.

Be very responsible when writing a conclusion, because when checking a term paper, they will first of all pay attention to it. The conclusion in the course work is the face of your activity. To help you write and structure your report correctly, here are some tips for writing it.

How to correctly write a conclusion in a term paper

So that you don't forget to write in the conclusion necessary information, we recommend that you structure this section sequentially, observing the following procedure:

1. Read the goals and objectives described in the introduction again. The conclusion in the course work should reflect them and be closely related to the introduction. Describe in detail how much in your research you were able to accomplish the objectives and achieve your goals.
2. At the end of each section of the main body, try to write short description of this section. This is kind of a conclusion to this part. Summarize, structure, combine and harmoniously write all the conclusions obtained in the course of writing a term paper in the conclusion, without violating the structure of the conclusion. Remember that each paragraph should be linked to the previous one.
3. When you have made conclusions about the theoretical part, proceed to summarizing the practical part. Feel free to talk about your calculations, make suggestions and recommendations, describe your motives and methods. You must show that you can think and make decisions for yourself.
4. Tell us about your opinion on this topic, describe the problems you encountered in the research, focus on the specifics of your research. Remember that your conclusions, and especially their description, must be interesting, informative, and relevant. The teacher should be aware that the topic of the course work is interesting to you, and you really tried in its research. Your narration should be vivid and your information should be clear.
5. Review the written conclusion and remove everything from it. detailed descriptions because they are already contained in the main body. The conclusion in the course work is a very short story about all the main things that you see fit to highlight.

How to start writing a conclusion in a term paper

You can start writing a conclusion when your term paper is completely ready. You can understand this by rereading the introduction. If you have already been able to complete all the tasks set in the introduction and achieve the goals that you planned to achieve, then we can say that your work is completed and you can start writing a conclusion.

Your conclusion in the course work can begin with these words:

• So;
• In this way;
• Summarizing;
• Based on the research carried out, we can conclude;
• Having written a term paper, I came (came) to this conclusion;
• The research results showed that;
• Based on the development of the topic received;
• The relevance of the course work is;
• In conclusion, it can be noted that;
• Summarizing the research carried out;
• Let us state the following features of the conducted research;

Thus, writing a conclusion is extremely important stage research course work. Be attentive and watch your every step. By listening to our advice and following all our recommendations, you will be able to write a high-quality and readable conclusion to the course work, which will only emphasize your professionalism.

For those who are wondering: how to write a conclusion on the final essay?

The conclusion, like other compositional parts of the composition, can be either standard or original.

Conclusion TRADITIONAL

There are several standard ways to complete an essay:

• Conclusion.

It is usually customary to end an essay with a conclusion from all of the above. This is probably the most common way to finish an essay. However, at the same time it is also the most difficult way, because it is difficult, on the one hand, not to duplicate in the conclusion what has already been said, and, on the other hand, not to deviate from the topic of the essay.

• Call.

This is another fairly common ending. Here it is advisable NOT to use 2 person verbs like “take care”, “respect”, “remember”. Why? Yes, everything is very simple: each essay has an addressee - the one who will read it and to whom the calls will be addressed. In our case, this is the teacher who will check the work. It turns out that it is precisely him that we urge to protect, remember, etc. Honestly, it's not very ethical. Therefore, it is better to use the word “let's”: “let's protect nature”, “let's remember about veterans”, etc.

• An expression of hope.

This is one of the most advantageous options for the final part, because avoids duplication of thought, ethical and logical mistakes. Important: You need to express hope for something positive. To write: “I would like to hope that nature will avenge itself and all people will die” is not worth it, you understand.

Conclusion options

• Conclusion

So, how are people alive? Love, I think. People are alive with love for their relatives and friends, love for their native land and nature. They are led through life by a dream, hope for the best, faith in their own strength. And good feelings help to go through life: sympathy, mercy, sensitivity, responsiveness. This is what our life is inconceivable without.

• The appeal

In conclusion, I would like to urge people not to forget that nature is our mother, which gives us everything we need for life. We could not exist without her. And therefore it is our duty to answer her with good for good. Let's take care of its preservation, take care of everything that surrounds us.

• An expression of hope

Summing up what has been said, I would like to express the hope that harmony and mutual understanding will reign in every family. I would like to believe that love, care, sensitivity will become the main ones in relations between generations.

Conclusion ORIGINAL

A quote that fits the meaning. You can stock up on quotes in advance on all thematic areas, it may happen that some will come up. Important: the meaning of the quote must necessarily correspond main idea essays. You cannot use a quote just because it contains keyword, (for example, in an essay on nature, a quote with the word "nature") and do not take into account its general meaning.

• Sketching that leads back to the intro

I look at the illuminated windows of houses and think about how nice it would be if there was no loneliness behind them, if everyone who lives there was surrounded by care.

Going through old letters from the front, I dream that the world will never have more wars separating families.

• Quote

Thus, friendship has great value In human life. No wonder Cicero stated: “There is nothing better and more pleasant in the world than friendship; excluding friendship from life is like depriving the world of sunshine. "

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An essay is a test of knowledge, so when creating it you have to try to do everything as correctly as possible. One of the required elements is write a conclusion in the abstract... This is essentially a report, so pay special attention to compliance with standards and regulations. The conclusion in the abstract is the final stage of work on the main section. If it is strong, then even a mediocre presentation of the topic can save. Competent conclusions will avoid questions from the teacher.

The conclusion in the abstract is a section that makes up 5-10% of the total. The purpose of writing a conclusion is to systematize knowledge, summarize, highlight statements, indicate what has been achieved. The examiner must understand what problems were considered, whether they are possible practical use.

Conclusion of the abstract:

• analyzes and structures content;
• determines the main thing;
• answers the main question;
• summarizes the theoretical and practical part;
• creates a positive impression of the material.

The purpose of the conclusion of the abstract is to emphasize the importance of the work, to draw attention to the most important. This section briefly describes all the work, methods of achieving the goal, results, characteristics of the problem, recommendations of the author. The most important thing is to write in the conclusion harmonious conclusions for each paragraph of the abstract.

How to draw conclusions in the abstract

Although, according to GOST, conclusions at the end of chapters are not required, they improve the quality of the material, since they systematize the content. This is the attitude of the author, opinion on the information presented, A New Look at her. The conclusions are related to the tasks and goals set in the introduction of the abstract.

To write conclusions in the abstract does not mean to rewrite the information presented in the work in other words. This is the systematization of the studied material in order to create own point view on the research problem. Novelty is not needed, but the opinion of the author is required. From the point of view of syntax, these are logical judgments, consisting of previously stated and proven theses, substantiated by each other. This does not mean that the rationale was created by the author. It is the conclusion of the authors whose works are used in the material.

The results are subject to the laws of logic. They are job-specific. Methodologically, this is a generalization, a definition general characteristics subject, testifying to the ability to distinguish the common from various approaches and concepts.

No wonder the majority of teachers consider the conclusions in the abstract to be the most difficult part. These are the thoughts of the author, an indicator of the degree of elaboration of information. Conclusions are closely related to objectives, purpose and content. The main characteristic is concreteness, clarity of formulation, based on statistical and analytical data.

Conclusions - statements based on analysis of sources and research results. The author insists on the statement, since he was sure of its authenticity and can prove it. This is his point of view, which he is ready to defend.

There are 3 methods for writing conclusions:

1. deductive - from general to generalization;
2. inductive - from individual facts to generalization;
3. based on other people's conclusions.

Using the first method, conclusions should be written for each paragraph. This requires fluency in information related to the topic. If a student is faced with new information, knowledge may not be enough to present the data in a logical sequence. In such situations, instead of systematization and generalization, duplication of information is obtained.

When using the second method, external sources... The third method can be used if it was possible to find data that fully matches the topic. If this condition is not met, the conclusions are ridiculous, standing out against the background of the main text.

How to write a conclusion to the abstract

After writing the main part, you need to collect the conclusions for the paragraphs, systematize them, paraphrase, get rid of contradictions. If there is not enough volume, additional data should be added, focusing on the subject and purpose of the study. The conclusions in the conclusion of the abstract should have the same direction as the material as a whole. These are briefly stated thoughts that do not contradict the topic, the essence of the problem under consideration.

If the teacher does not require the formation of conclusions at the end of each chapter, the conclusion should be written as a logical conclusion of the work. Read the main part again and try to retell it in theses. Write down the theses - they will form the basis of the conclusion. You don't have to go through every chapter. The main condition is to adhere to the topic indicated on and. All points should create a coherent structure, smoothly flowing into each other.

The conclusion in the abstract should be written separately from the general part. "Conclusion" is written on a separate page, aligned in the middle. 2 indents are made. The font, size and line spacing are the same as in the body. It is unacceptable to issue a conclusion in the form of a transfer.

Try to write your conclusion in such a way that the conclusions do not contain meaningless words. Try to avoid identical or similar words too close to each other. You can copy phrases from the material. The style is journalistic, partly scientific.

The conclusion to the abstract can be written using the phrases:

• summing up, it can be argued;
• a conclusion can be drawn from the research results;
• summing up the results of research and analysis, we can note;
• we came to the conclusion;
• in summary, we can say;
• based on the above, we can conclude.

New information should not be included in the conclusion. This is a generalization of the abstract, a listing of the results.

Sample conclusion in the abstract

A sample of the conclusion in the abstract on the topic "Basics healthy way life ":

So, in the conclusion of the abstract, it can be noted that the careless attitude of some people in our society to their health, causes socio-economic and moral-psychological damage to the family, the production team and society as a whole; largely depends on deficiencies in the functioning of the system physical education children and youth in the recent past.

On the state human body psychosomatics has a significant impact, therefore, the following conditions for a healthy lifestyle are sometimes distinguished: emotional, intellectual and spiritual well-being. The benefits of a daily regimen cannot be questioned. Therefore, a systematic approach to the allocation of time is required. Correctly selected regimen is a change of periods of physical and mental work with periods of relaxation of the body. Thus, sleep should consist of 7-8 hours per day for an adult.
The importance of rationally selected nutrition has also been clarified. A healthy lifestyle goes hand in hand with proper nutrition.

Physical education is one of the fundamental elements of a healthy lifestyle. The current level of development of technical progress has greatly simplified human life, but at the same time positive impact decreased significantly physical activity person. Nowadays, people walk much less. Movement is essential for the normal functioning of the body. Choice physical activity depends only on age, physical capabilities and individual desires of a person.

An example of the correct conclusion in the abstract

An example of the conclusion of an essay on the topic "Modern industrial city and sports practices"

At the conclusion of the abstract, we will do summary conclusions based on the results of studying the problem:

- It was revealed that in the conditions of modern industrial cities, certain conditions in which this activity could manifest itself as a sport and support it with appropriate social attitude the state, regional and municipal policy in the field of development is called physical culture and sports. One of the main tasks is to ensure the territorial and price accessibility of sports and leisure facilities, mainly sports schools... This also requires the development and implementation of municipal policy in the development of sports practices in large industrial cities.

- The development of the subject of research is hindered by three large blocks of problems: economic, social and political. At the same time, studying the practice of implementing municipal programs aimed at developing sports practices in large cities shows that city administrations determine the goals, directions and terms of modernization of the system additional education sports orientation. A number of authors believe that with a sufficient level of funding for these mechanisms for the implementation of programs on the topic studied in the abstract, it will help bring the development of sports in large cities to a new level, subject to the further commercialization of the development of sports practices at the municipal level.

How to finish an abstract

Anyone can write a quality conclusion. So, in the conclusions, give some advice on how to solve the problem. You can also indicate the value of the study. It will not be superfluous to assess whether the tasks have been fulfilled, what the study was able to achieve.

A prerequisite for writing an essay is a high level of literacy. Even for a student studying the basics of economics, it is unacceptable to hand over the work with punctuation and stylistic errors.